A slope protection water bag for improving the anti-overtopping performance of earth-rock dams and a slope protection mat thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses a slope protection water bag and its slope protection mat for improving the anti-overtopping performance of earth-rock embankments. The slope protection water bag is a serpentine slope protection water bag with multiple segments of tubular bags connected together. The two ends of the serpentine slope protection water bag are open, and one end of the open end is provided with a circular mesh rigid support. The circular mesh rigid support is used to connect with the wave wall at the top of the dam. The serpentine slope protection water bag is made of flexible wear-resistant material. Multiple serpentine slope protection water bags are laid side by side on the back slope of the earth-rock embankment to form the serpentine slope protection mat of the earth-rock embankment. The slope protection pad guides the floodwaters that overflow the dam through the laid serpentine tubular bags to the river channel or flood detention area. The floodwaters that exceed the water-guiding capacity of the serpentine slope protection bags are discharged through the serpentine surface of the slope protection pad, forming a double flow guidance inside and on the surface of the serpentine slope protection bags. This directly blocks the overflow water flow from directly impacting and scouring the dam body, avoiding or slowing down the loss of soil in the dam body, preventing or delaying the dam collapse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a slope protection water bag and its slope protection mat for improving the overtopping resistance of earth-rock dams, and is used to improve the overtopping resistance of dikes, earth-rock dams, silt-retaining dams, etc. Background Technology

[0002] Earth-rock dams are widely used in water conservancy projects for water retention and storage due to their readily available materials and relatively simple construction techniques, such as reservoirs, river flood control, and irrigation projects. During operation, however, extreme rainfall, flooding, or abnormally high water levels can cause water to overflow the dam crest and erode the dam body downstream, leading to overtopping damage. This damage directly results in soil erosion and structural instability, and in severe cases, even dam collapse, posing a significant threat to the lives and property of downstream residents, the ecological environment, and infrastructure. Therefore, improving the overtopping resistance of earth-rock dams is one of the core requirements for ensuring the safety of water conservancy projects.

[0003] Existing emergency protection measures to improve the overtopping resistance of earth-rock dams mainly include temporary sandbag stacking and waterproof cloth laying. Although these can be used for emergency rescue during the flood season, sandbag stacking is inefficient and has poor overall integrity, and is prone to displacement, deformation or collapse due to water erosion. Waterproof cloth lacks sufficient structural support and is easily damaged under strong water flow. Moreover, both are difficult to reuse, making it difficult to balance emergency response efficiency and protection stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a slope protection water bag and its slope protection mat for improving the overtopping resistance of earth-rock dams. It is used to improve the overtopping resistance of dikes, earth-rock dams, silt-retaining dams, etc. By making the cloth bag into a serpentine cylindrical shape and laying it on the slope section inside the dam, the floodwater that overflows the dam is guided into the river channel through the laid serpentine cylindrical cloth bag, directly blocking the direct impact and scouring of the overflowing water on the dam body, and avoiding the loss of dam soil.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the solution of the present invention is as follows: A slope protection water bag for improving the overtopping resistance of earth-rock embankments is disclosed. The slope protection water bag is a serpentine slope protection water bag consisting of multiple segments of tubular bags connected together. The two ends of the serpentine slope protection water bag are open, and one end of the opening is provided with a circular mesh rigid support for connecting with the wave wall at the top of the dam. The serpentine slope protection water bag is made of flexible and wear-resistant material. When water rushes in, it bends and expands in a serpentine shape. When not in use, it can be flattened and rolled up for storage.

[0006] A further aspect of the solution is that the connection between the bends of the multi-segment tubular bags is a detachable connection, including detachable connections via Velcro or zippers.

[0007] A further aspect of the solution is that the flexible wear-resistant material is rubber, plastic, or geotextile, and when rubber is used, geotextile is attached to the inner wall of the rubber cylinder.

[0008] A further aspect of the scheme is that the included angle of the bend is between 120 and 160 degrees.

[0009] The solution further includes: the bend is a bend present at the joint, or the bend is a bend present in each segment of the tube bag.

[0010] The solution is further described as follows: the bend at the joint is achieved by cutting a flexible and wear-resistant material to create a curved connecting edge at the joint of both ends of the tubular bag, and the tubular bags are connected by the curved connecting edge to form a bend. The curvature of each segment of the bag is formed by embedding a curved support frame into the bag during the cutting process. The curved support frame includes curved elastic steel bars arranged opposite each other on both sides of the bag according to the curvature of each bag. The bending radius of the elastic steel bars on both sides is the same. The two ends of the elastic steel bars on both sides are connected by a steel ring to form the curved support frame. The connection between the steel ring and the elastic steel bars on both sides is a rotatable connection. The steel ring is composed of two half steel rings hinged together. The hinge is located at the rotatable connection between the steel ring and the elastic steel bars on both sides.

[0011] The solution further states that the elasticity of the elastic steel bar is such that when a large flow of water rushes into the serpentine slope protection water bag, the elastic steel bar will stretch and increase the bending angle, thereby changing the flow velocity of the water.

[0012] A slope protection mat for improving the overtopping resistance of earth-rock embankments includes multiple serpentine slope protection water bags. Each serpentine slope protection water bag has a circular mesh rigid support with one open end, which is connected to the top of the embankment via a hook-up mechanism to secure the water bag to the earth-rock embankment. The circular mesh rigid support positions the opening horizontally or upwardly towards the incoming water. The other end of each serpentine slope protection water bag extends along the downstream slope of the embankment to a certain length at the bottom of the embankment. Multiple serpentine slope protection... Water bags are laid side by side on the back slope or downstream slope of an earth-rock embankment to form a serpentine slope protection mat. Each serpentine slope protection water bag has a locking buckle at intervals on its surface. The serpentine slope protection mats are connected together by locking straps. The slope protection mats guide the floodwaters that overflow the embankment to the river channel or flood detention area through the laid serpentine cylindrical cloth bags. Floodwaters that exceed the water guiding capacity of the serpentine slope protection water bags are discharged through the serpentine surface of the slope protection mats, forming a double diversion of water inside and on the surface of the serpentine slope protection water bags.

[0013] The solution further includes: the hanging mechanism includes a plug-type hanging mechanism and a snap-fit ​​hanging mechanism according to the shape of the top of the earth-rock embankment. The plug-type hanging mechanism is used for earth-rock embankments without a wave wall on the top, and the snap-fit ​​hanging mechanism is used for earth-rock embankments with a wave wall on the top. The plug-type hook-and-attach mechanism includes a positioning steel rod with a positioning claw at the top. A positioning plate is connected to the side of the circular mesh rigid support of the serpentine slope protection water bag. The positioning plate has claw holes corresponding to the positioning claw. When tightening, the positioning steel rod is inserted into the top of the earth-rock embankment, and at the same time, the positioning claw of the positioning steel rod is inserted into the claw hole to grab and lock the positioning plate, thus tightening the serpentine slope protection water bag onto the earth-rock embankment. The circular mesh rigid support is tilted and fixed to the plane of the positioning plate at a 60 to 90 degree angle, facing the incoming water. The snap-fit ​​hook-on mechanism includes a U-shaped clip with a slot on one side arm. A hanging arm is connected to the side of the circular mesh rigid support. When tightening, the U-shaped clip is snapped into the wave wall from the top, and the hanging arm is inserted into the slot of the U-shaped clip to tighten the serpentine slope protection water bag onto the earth-rock embankment wave wall. The slot is either vertically downward or has a certain inward angle, forming a circular mesh rigid support with the support opening horizontally or upwardly tilted to face the incoming water.

[0014] A further aspect of the solution is that the connection between the multiple sections of the tubular bag bends is a detachable connection, including a detachable connection via Velcro or zipper, which allows adjustment of the length of the serpentine slope protection water bag laying.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By making the serpentine tubular bags and laying them on the back slope or downstream section of the dam, floodwaters overflowing the dam are guided to the river channel or flood detention area through the laid serpentine tubular bags. Floodwaters exceeding the water-carrying capacity of the bags can be discharged through the surface of the bags, forming a dual-guided structure inside and on the surface of the bags. This directly blocks the direct impact and scouring of the overflowing water on the dam body, avoiding or slowing down soil erosion, preventing or delaying dam failure, and improving the overtopping resistance of dikes, earth-rock dams, and silt-retaining dams. Since the slope protection water bags are made of geotextile, they are easy to transport, and there is no need to fill them with sand and gravel during installation; they can be laid directly, greatly saving installation time. They are especially suitable for emergency rescue scenarios during flood season, shortening the emergency response time. At the same time, the detachable design allows the slope protection water bags to be recycled and stored during non-emergency periods, and reused for different projects or subsequent maintenance, reducing long-term usage costs.

[0016] The invention will be further explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the curved structure at the joint of the water bags in the serpentine slope protection; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bending structure of each section of the water bag in the serpentine slope protection system; Figure 3 It is an intentional bending support skeleton structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of the slope protection pad structure of an earth-rock embankment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how a snap-fit ​​hook-and-hold mechanism enables a circular mesh rigid support to maintain a horizontal position. Figure 4 Enlarged view of part A; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the circular mesh rigid support tilting up due to the snap-fit ​​hook-and-hold mechanism; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning steel rod structure of the plug-in type hook-and-connector mechanism; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the positioning steel rod and the circular mesh rigid support of the plug-in type hanging mechanism; Figure 9 This is a visual diagram of a slope protection mat. Figure 4 View B. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Example 1: A type of slope protection water bag for improving the overtopping resistance of earth-rock dams, specifically designed for enhancing the overtopping resistance of dikes, earth-rock dams, and silt-retaining dams. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the slope protection water bag is composed of multiple cylindrical bags 101 connected together to form a snake-shaped slope protection water bag 1. The two ends of the snake-shaped slope protection water bag are open, and one end of the opening is provided with a circular mesh rigid support 2. The circular mesh rigid support is used to connect with the wave wall at the top of the dam and also to prevent stones, branches and other debris in the flood from entering the water bag. The snake-shaped slope protection water bag 1 is made of flexible wear-resistant materials, such as rubber, plastic or geotextile. When rubber is used, geotextile is attached to the inner wall of the rubber cylinder, that is, rubber is hot-pressed on the outside of the geotextile cylinder. When water rushes in, the snake-shaped slope protection water bag 1 bends and rises in a snake shape. When not in use, it can be flattened and rolled up for storage.

[0019] Wherein: the connection between the multiple sections of the tubular bag bends is a detachable connection, including detachable connections via Velcro or zippers. This structure can be quickly assembled into serpentine slope protection water bags 1 of different lengths as needed. The bending angle of the bends is 120 degrees to 160 degrees.

[0020] In the examples: such as Figure 1 As shown, the bend is a bend 102 at the joint, or, as... Figure 2 As shown, the bending is the bending 102 present in each segment of the tube bag.

[0021] The bend at the joint is achieved by cutting a flexible, wear-resistant material to create a curved connecting edge at both ends of the tube bag. The tube bags are then connected by this curved connecting edge to form the bend. The cutting process is done by drawing a pattern and cutting it out; this is a well-known technique and will not be elaborated on here.

[0022] The curvature of each segment of the geotextile bag is achieved by embedding a curved support frame within the bag during the cutting process, for example, by sandwiching the support frame between two layers of geotextile or plastic. Figure 3 As shown, the curved support frame includes two sets (each set can be one or more) of curved elastic steel bars 102-1 and 102-2 arranged opposite each other on both sides of each tube bag. The bending radius of the elastic steel bars on both sides is the same. The two ends of the elastic steel bars 102-1 and 102-2 on both sides are connected by a steel ring 102-3 to form the curved support frame. The connection between the steel ring and the elastic steel bars on both sides is a rotatable connection, for example, by using a collar 102-4. The steel ring 102-3 is composed of two half-steel rings hinged together. The hinge is set at the rotatable connection between the steel ring and the elastic steel bars on both sides. Its purpose is that when not in use, the steel ring 102-3 can be flattened and does not affect the rolling up of the serpentine slope protection water bag 1. This structure has the advantage of dynamically adjusting the curvature of the bend. This adjustment function can be achieved by selecting the elasticity of the elastic steel bars. That is, the elasticity of the elastic steel bar is that when a large flow of water rushes into the serpentine slope protection water bag, the elastic steel bar will stretch and increase the bending angle, which changes the flow velocity of the water.

[0023] Example 2: A slope protection mat for improving the overtopping resistance of earth-rock dams is a slope protection mat based on the slope protection water bag for improving the overtopping resistance of earth-rock dams described in Example 1. It is used to improve the overtopping resistance of dikes, earth-rock dams, silt-retaining dams, etc. The content of Example 1 applies to this example. Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the slope protection pad used to improve the overtopping resistance of the earth-rock embankment includes multiple serpentine slope protection water bags 1. A circular mesh rigid support 2, with one open end of each serpentine slope protection water bag, is connected to the top of the embankment via a hook-up mechanism, securing the serpentine slope protection water bag to the earth-rock embankment. The circular mesh rigid support 2 positions its opening horizontally or upwardly towards the incoming water. The other end of each serpentine slope protection water bag extends along the downstream slope of the embankment to a certain length at the bottom of the embankment. Multiple serpentine slope protection water bags are arranged side-by-side on the downstream slope of the earth-rock embankment to form the serpentine shape of the embankment. The slope protection mat 6 has locking buckles 101 spaced apart on the surface of each serpentine slope protection water bag. The locking buckles 101 are connected together by locking straps 7. The slope protection mat guides the flood that overflows the dam to the river channel or flood detention area through the laid serpentine tubular cloth bags. The flood that exceeds the water guiding capacity of the serpentine slope protection water bags is discharged through the serpentine surface of the slope protection mat, forming a double flow guiding structure inside and on the surface of the serpentine slope protection water bags. The double flow guiding structure directly blocks the direct impact and scouring of the overflowing water flow on the dam body, avoids or slows down the loss of soil in the dam body, and prevents or delays the dam body from collapsing.

[0024] Wherein: the hanging mechanism includes a plug-type hanging mechanism and a snap-fit ​​hanging mechanism according to the top shape of the earth-rock embankment. The plug-type hanging mechanism is used for earth-rock embankments without a wave wall on the top, and the snap-fit ​​hanging mechanism is used for earth-rock embankments with a wave wall on the top. The snap-fit ​​attachment mechanism includes a U-shaped clip 8. One side arm of the U-shaped clip has a slot 801. A hanging arm 201 is connected to the side of the circular mesh rigid support 2. During tightening, the U-shaped clip 8 is snapped into the wave wall 4 from the top, and the hanging arm 201 is inserted into the slot 801 of the U-shaped clip 8 to tighten the serpentine slope protection water bag 1 onto the earth-rock embankment wave wall 4. Figure 5 As shown, the slot 801 is a vertically downward slot. After the hanging arm 201 is inserted into the slot, a circular mesh rigid support is formed, making the opening of the support horizontal and facing the incoming water, or as... Figure 6 As shown, the slot 801 is a slot with a certain inward tilt angle. After the hanging arm 201 is inserted into the slot, a circular mesh rigid support is formed, which tilts the opening of the support upward to face the incoming water.

[0025] The plug-type attachment mechanism includes a positioning steel rod 9, with a handle 901 at the top and a positioning claw 902 on the side of the top of the positioning steel rod. A positioning plate 202 is connected to the side of the circular mesh rigid support of the serpentine slope protection water bag. The positioning plate 202 has claw holes corresponding to the positioning claw 902. When tightening, the positioning steel rod 9 is inserted into the top of the earth-rock embankment, and at the same time, the positioning claw 902 of the positioning steel rod 9 is inserted into the claw hole to grasp and lock the positioning plate 202, thereby tightening the serpentine slope protection water bag 1 onto the earth-rock embankment. The circular mesh rigid support 2 is tilted and fixed to the plane of the positioning plate 202 at an angle of 60 to 90 degrees, facing the incoming water.

[0026] As described in Example 1: the connection between the bends of the multi-segment tubular bags is a detachable connection, including a detachable connection via Velcro or zipper, which allows adjustment of the length of the serpentine slope protection water bag laying.

[0027] When water flows over the top of the dam or passes through the wave wall, it enters the serpentine slope protection water bags through openings, filling them completely. The filled water bags effectively protect the dam, separating it from the water flow and reducing its impact. Simultaneously, the serpentine channel design within the water bags effectively reduces the flow velocity, lessening the impact on the dam and foundation after the water flows out. The arrangement of multiple water bags also creates multiple arc-shaped protrusions on their outer surface, which disperse and cause the water flowing overhead to collide with each other, thus achieving energy dissipation and further protecting the dam.

Claims

1. A slope protection water bag for improving the overtopping resistance of earth-rock embankments, characterized in that, The slope protection water bag is a snake-shaped slope protection water bag made of multiple segments of tubular bags connected together. The two ends of the snake-shaped slope protection water bag are open, and one end of the opening is provided with a circular mesh rigid support. The circular mesh rigid support is used to connect with the wave wall at the top of the dam. The snake-shaped slope protection water bag is made of flexible and wear-resistant material. When water rushes in, it bends and expands in a snake shape. When not in use, it can be flattened and rolled up for storage. The bending is the bending that each segment of the bag has; The curvature of each segment of the bag is formed by embedding a curved support frame into the bag during the cutting process. The curved support frame includes curved elastic steel bars arranged opposite each other on both sides of the bag according to the curvature of each bag. The bending radius of the elastic steel bars on both sides is the same. The two ends of the elastic steel bars on both sides are connected by a steel ring to form the curved support frame. The connection between the steel ring and the elastic steel bars on both sides is a rotatable connection. The steel ring is composed of two half steel rings hinged together. The hinge is set at the rotatable connection between the steel ring and the elastic steel bars on both sides. The elasticity of the elastic steel bar is that when a large flow of water rushes into the serpentine slope protection water bag, the elastic steel bar will stretch and increase the bending angle, which changes the flow velocity of the water.

2. The slope protection water bag according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection between the bends of the multi-segment tubular bags is a detachable connection, including detachable connections via Velcro or zippers.

3. The slope protection water bag according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible wear-resistant material is rubber, plastic, or geotextile. When rubber is used, geotextile is attached to the inner wall of the rubber cylinder.

4. The slope protection water bag according to claim 1, characterized in that, The included angle of the bend is between 120 and 160 degrees.

5. A slope protection mat for improving the overtopping resistance of earth-rock embankments, which is a slope protection mat based on the slope protection water bag described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slope protection pad comprises multiple serpentine slope protection water bags. Each serpentine slope protection water bag has a circular mesh rigid support at one open end, which is connected to the top of the dam via a hook-up mechanism, securing the serpentine slope protection water bag to the earth-rock dam. The circular mesh rigid support positions the opening horizontally or upwardly towards the incoming water. The other end of each serpentine slope protection water bag extends along the downstream slope of the dam, extending to a certain length at the bottom of the dam. Multiple serpentine slope protection water bags are laid on the downstream slope of the earth-rock dam... Downstream, the serpentine slope protection pads are laid side by side to form the earth-rock embankment. Each serpentine slope protection pad has intermittently installed buckles on its surface. The buckles are connected by locking straps to link the serpentine slope protection pads together. The serpentine slope protection pads guide the floodwaters that overflow the embankment to the river channel or flood detention area through the laid serpentine slope protection pads. Floodwaters that exceed the water-carrying capacity of the serpentine slope protection pads are discharged through the serpentine surface of the slope protection pads, forming a double diversion of water flow inside and on the surface of the serpentine slope protection pads.

6. The slope protection mat according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hanging mechanism includes a plug-type hanging mechanism and a snap-fit ​​hanging mechanism according to the shape of the top of the earth-rock embankment. The plug-type hanging mechanism is used for earth-rock embankments without a wave wall on the top, and the snap-fit ​​hanging mechanism is used for earth-rock embankments with a wave wall on the top. The plug-type hook-and-attach mechanism includes a positioning steel rod with a positioning claw at the top. A positioning plate is connected to the side of the circular mesh rigid support of the serpentine slope protection water bag. The positioning plate has claw holes corresponding to the positioning claw. When tightening, the positioning steel rod is inserted into the top of the earth-rock embankment, and at the same time, the positioning claw of the positioning steel rod is inserted into the claw hole to grab and lock the positioning plate, thus tightening the serpentine slope protection water bag onto the earth-rock embankment. The circular mesh rigid support is tilted and fixed to the plane of the positioning plate at a 60 to 90 degree angle, facing the incoming water. The snap-fit ​​hook-on mechanism includes a U-shaped clip with a slot on one side arm. A hanging arm is connected to the side of the circular mesh rigid support. When tightening, the U-shaped clip is snapped into the wave wall from the top, and the hanging arm is inserted into the slot of the U-shaped clip to tighten the serpentine slope protection water bag onto the earth-rock embankment wave wall. The slot is either vertically downward or has a certain inward angle, forming a circular mesh rigid support with the support opening horizontally or upwardly tilted to face the incoming water.

7. The slope protection mat according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connection between the multiple sections of the tubular bag is a detachable connection, including a detachable connection via Velcro or zipper, which allows adjustment of the length of the serpentine slope protection water bag laying.

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