A working method and system for cleaning the bottom of a main shaft and a subsidiary shaft by using a monorail crane

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of coal mine cleaning, and discloses a working method and system for cleaning the bottom of a main shaft and a vice shaft by using a monorail crane; the monorail crane system sequentially comprises a driver room, a main machine and a lifting beam from front to back; two fixed drives are arranged between the main machine and the driver room, and two fixed drives are arranged on the side of the lifting beam away from the main machine; the monorail crane system is arranged along the bottom of the main shaft and the vice shaft by a track. The present application can realize continuous transportation of coal spreading at the bottom of the vertical shaft in the full lowering and half lifting loading mode, including loading, transportation, unloading and other links, and has strong adaptability and high economic efficiency. Finally, the coal spreading at the bottom of the main shaft is introduced into the main shaft lifting system by the belt conveyor at the lower opening of the coal bunker.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine cleaning technology, and in particular to a working method and system for cleaning the bottom of main and auxiliary vertical shafts using a monorail crane. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the factors that cause coal spillage in the main shaft during coal mining include the following:

[0003] 1. The skip loading and unloading equipment has poor sealing performance, and coal spills out from the gaps during transportation.

[0004] 2. Coal spillage caused by insufficient matching between coal loading and skip capacity due to operational errors in the manually operated hoisting signal system.

[0005] 3. Water seepage in the shaft or excessive moisture in the coal can cause coal dust to stick together. During unloading, it is easy for the coal to adhere to the inner wall of the skip and fall off during subsequent transportation, resulting in coal spillage.

[0006] 4. Uneven tension in the tail rope causes the hoisting container to sway, increasing the risk of coal spillage.

[0007] 5. Poor connection between the coal receiving hopper and the main coal flow system leads to an increased coal spillage retention rate.

[0008] Traditional coal-spreading and cleaning processes have the following problems:

[0009] 1. The coal accumulated in the sedimentation tank is cleaned by a scraper and then lifted into the main coal flow system by a winch through a coal chute. This process involves many transfer steps, requires a lot of manual intervention, and is inefficient.

[0010] 2. A dewatering scraper conveyor is used, which adds a dewatering module to the traditional scraper conveyor. Through a sealed trough, the coal slurry is physically squeezed, and the wet coal slurry is mechanically squeezed by the scraper, causing the water to permeate to the lower guide trough, while the solid coal continues to be conveyed to the main coal flow system. However, this equipment suffers from the problem of the scraper constantly running to prevent excessive coal spillage and potential scraper jamming, resulting in significant energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To address the problems of multiple transfer steps, excessive manual intervention, and low efficiency in cleaning coal accumulation tanks using scraper bucket machines, and the significant energy consumption caused by the continuous operation of scraper conveyors in dewatering systems, this invention proposes a working method and system for cleaning the bottom of main and auxiliary vertical shafts using a monorail crane.

[0012] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: the monorail system consists of a driver's cab, a main unit, and a lifting beam from front to back; two fixed drives are set between the main unit and the driver's cab, and two fixed drives are set on the side of the lifting beam away from the main unit; the monorail system is laid out along the bottom roadway of the main and auxiliary vertical shafts via rails.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, the driver's cab is a three-seater, and the lifting beam is equipped with a bidirectional telescopic hook.

[0014] The present invention also provides a working method applicable to the system described in this invention for cleaning the bottom of the main and auxiliary vertical shafts using a monorail crane, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Confirm the layout and dimensional relationship between the auxiliary shaft and the main shaft;

[0016] Step 2: Plan the coal spill cleanup route;

[0017] Step 3: Calculate the round-trip travel time of the monorail and the team's operating efficiency;

[0018] Step 4: Record the coal-spreading and cleaning path obtained in Step 2, as well as the round-trip travel time of the monorail crane and the team's operating efficiency obtained in Step 3, and plan the team's work schedule.

[0019] As a further preferred embodiment, step 2 includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 2.1: The planned coal spillage and cleaning path at the bottom of the main shaft is as follows:

[0021] Step 2.1.1: The coal cleaned by the main shaft bottom cleaning trolley is loaded into a container;

[0022] Step 2.1.2: The monorail crane lifts the container;

[0023] Step 2.1.3: The monorail crane transports the container along the path from the bottom of the main shaft, through turnout No. 1, turnout No. 2, the lower entrance of the coal bunker, and turnout No. 3, to the upper part of the guide chute of the belt conveyor at the lower entrance of the coal bunker. The path lengths are L1, L8, L9, L2, and L... 11 And L4;

[0024] Step 2.1.4: Coal is automatically unloaded from the container into a belt conveyor, passing through a fixed-weight hopper and a skip, and finally transported to the ground;

[0025] Step 2.2, the planned coal spillage and cleaning path at the bottom of the auxiliary vertical shaft is as follows:

[0026] Step 2.2.1: The coal cleaned by the auxiliary vertical shaft bottom cleaning trolley is loaded into a container;

[0027] Step 2.2.2: The container is lifted by a monorail crane;

[0028] Step 2.2.3: The monorail crane transports the container along the path from the bottom of the auxiliary shaft, through turnout No. 1, turnout No. 2, the lower entrance of the coal bunker, and turnout No. 3 to the upper part of the guide chute of the belt conveyor at the lower entrance of the coal bunker. The path lengths are L respectively. 10 L9, L2, L 11And L4;

[0029] Step 2.2.4: Coal is automatically unloaded from the container into a belt conveyor, passing through a fixed-weight hopper and a skip, and finally transported to the ground.

[0030] As a further preferred embodiment, step 3 includes the following steps:

[0031] Step 3.1: Calculate the round-trip travel time of the monorail crane based on the coal spillage and cleaning path, using the following formula:

[0032]

[0033] In the formula: T y The time for a single round trip by a monorail is denoted as L; the average transport distance is denoted as V. p V is the locomotive's heavy-load operating speed. t K represents the light-load operating speed of the locomotive. s This is the speed influence coefficient;

[0034] Step 3.2: Based on the round-trip travel time of the monorail and the loading and shunting auxiliary time of the monorail, calculate the total round-trip time of the monorail, as shown in the following formula:

[0035] T=T y +T f

[0036] In the formula: T is the total time for the monorail to make one round trip; T f For loading and shunting auxiliary time;

[0037] Step 3.3: Calculate the team's operating efficiency based on the total time for one round trip of the monorail crane and the team's effective working time, using the following formula:

[0038]

[0039] In the formula: n is the transportation efficiency of a single shift; T z T represents the effective working time of a single shift; T represents the total time for one round trip of the monorail crane.

[0040] As a further preferred option, the minimum width of the tunnel is B+0.85+1.0m, where B is the maximum width of the monorail.

[0041] As a further preferred option, the minimum height of the tunnel is H, where H≥H1+H2+H3+H4; where H1 is the distance from the top of the tunnel to the lower edge of the track; H2 is the distance from the lower edge of the track to the lower edge of the lifting beam; H3 is the maximum height of the transported goods; and H4 is the safe distance from the bottom of the goods to the ground of the tunnel.

[0042] As a further preferred option, the safe distance H4 from the bottom of the cargo to the roadway is 200mm.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0044] This invention enables continuous transportation of coal spread at the bottom of a vertical shaft using a fully lowered or semi-raised loading method, including coal loading, transportation, and unloading. It is highly adaptable and economical. Ultimately, the coal spread at the bottom of the main shaft is transported to the main shaft hoisting system via a belt conveyor at the lower end of the coal bunker. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the monorail system structure of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transportation route for the fully bottom-loading method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The advantages and features of the present invention will be illustrated and explained by the following non-limiting description of preferred embodiments, which are given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a system for cleaning the bottom of main and auxiliary vertical shafts using a monorail crane. The monorail crane system, from front to back, consists of an operator's cab, a main unit, and a lifting beam. Two fixed drives are installed between the main unit and the operator's cab, and two fixed drives are installed on the lifting beam away from the main unit. The operator's cab has three seats. The main unit controls the fixed drives and the lifting beam, providing operation command processing. The lifting beam, installed at the rear of the main unit, has a bidirectional telescopic hook, adaptable to different sizes of coal collection containers. The fixed drives provide power output for controlling the movement of the entire system. The system is deployed along the bottom roadway of the vertical shaft via a track, enabling the fixed-point grabbing and continuous transfer of scattered coal. The main unit has a built-in variable frequency speed control module, which automatically adjusts the operating speed according to the load, ensuring a smooth and efficient transportation process. The entire system has a compact structure, is easy to maintain, significantly reduces the intensity of manual coal cleaning, and improves the safety and automation level of underground operations.

[0049] This invention also provides a method for cleaning the bottom of main and auxiliary vertical shafts using a monorail crane, comprising the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Confirm the layout and dimensional relationship between the auxiliary shaft and the main shaft, including the height difference h1 between the bottom of the auxiliary shaft and the bottom of the main shaft, the height difference h2 between the bottom of the coal bunker and the bottom of the auxiliary shaft, the height difference h3 between the level of the bottom yard and the bottom of the coal bunker, the height difference h4 between the bottom of the coal bunker and the bottom cleaning and coal spreading opening of the main shaft, the height difference h5 between the level of the bottom yard and the bottom coal spreading opening of the main shaft, the track length L1 from the bottom of the auxiliary shaft to the bottom of the main shaft, the track length L2 from the bottom of the auxiliary shaft to the bottom of the coal bunker, the track length L3 from the level of the bottom yard to the bottom of the coal bunker, the track length L4 from turnout No. 2 to turnout No. 3, the track length L8 connecting turnout No. 1 to the main shaft, the track length L9 connecting turnout No. 1 to the bottom of the coal bunker, and the track length L1 connecting turnout to the auxiliary shaft. 10 .

[0051] like Figure 2 As shown, this invention explains its working method using a main and auxiliary vertical shaft transportation route with a fully lowered loading method as an example. A monorail with a length of L1 is installed between the main and auxiliary vertical shafts. A No. 1 switch is installed at the auxiliary vertical shaft, leading to the main shaft, auxiliary shaft, and the lower entrance of the coal bunker. The monorail lengths of these monorails are L8, L1, L2, and L3, respectively. 10 And L9. The No. 2 turnout is located at the lower entrance of the coal bunker. The No. 2 turnout connects to the bottom yard horizontal section, the No. 3 turnout, and the auxiliary vertical shaft. Its monorail track lengths are L3, L4, and L... 11 The gradient of the monorail track between the bottom of the main shaft and the bottom of the auxiliary shaft is α1; the gradient of the monorail track between the bottom of the auxiliary shaft and the lower opening of the coal bunker is α2; and the gradient of the monorail track between the bottom of the shaft yard and the lower opening of the coal bunker is α3. The monorail in this invention can be either a diesel monorail or a battery-powered monorail. When a diesel monorail is selected, the maximum gradient is less than 25°; when a battery-powered monorail is selected, the maximum gradient is less than 15°. A maintenance level roadway for the coal bunker lower opening loader conveyor is located below the No. 3 turnout, and the monorail track length between the two is L5. A No. 4 turnout is located between the coal bunker lower opening loader conveyor maintenance level roadway and the main shaft. The No. 4 turnout leads to the main shaft, the coal bunker lower opening loader conveyor maintenance level roadway, and the coal bunker at the bottom of the main shaft. The monorail track length in the coal bunker lower opening loader conveyor maintenance level roadway is L6, and the monorail track length between the No. 4 turnout and the main shaft is L7.

[0052] Where h1(L1×tanα1)+h2(L2×tanα2)=h4, the error mainly considers the flow slope of 3‰~5‰, with a small elevation difference. The lengths are L4, L7, L8, L9, L... 10 and L 11 The slope of the monorail tracks is 3‰ to 5‰.

[0053] When the monorail is in operation, the distance between the most protruding part of the transport equipment and the side of the roadway shall not be less than 0.85m, the maximum width of the transport equipment is Bm, and the minimum distance between the transport equipment on the pedestrian side and the roadway shall not be less than 1.0m. Therefore, the minimum width of the roadway is B+0.85+1.0m, and all designed roadways must meet this width requirement.

[0054] The height of the tunnel must be at least equal to the following distances: H1 from the top of the tunnel to the bottom edge of the track, H2 from the bottom edge of the track to the bottom edge of the lifting beam, H3 for the maximum height of the transported goods, and H4 for the safe distance from the bottom of the goods to the tunnel floor. That is, H≥H1+H2+H3+H4, where H4 is 200mm.

[0055] When using the semi-elevated loading method, the equipment transportation at the lower part of the coal bunker can be directly connected to the auxiliary shaft hoisting system via trackless rubber tires. The rest of the process is the same as the fully lowered loading method, and the coal spillage and cleaning transportation route is also similar.

[0056] Step 2: Plan the coal spill cleanup route;

[0057] Step 2.1: The planned coal spillage and cleaning path at the bottom of the main shaft is as follows:

[0058] Step 2.1.1: The coal cleaned by the main shaft bottom cleaning trolley is loaded into a container;

[0059] Step 2.1.2: The monorail crane lifts the container;

[0060] Step 2.1.3: The monorail crane transports the container along the path from the bottom of the main shaft, through turnout No. 1, turnout No. 2, the lower entrance of the coal bunker, and turnout No. 3, to the upper part of the guide chute of the belt conveyor at the lower entrance of the coal bunker. The path lengths are L1, L8, L9, L2, and L... 11 And L4.

[0061] Step 2.1.4: Coal is automatically unloaded from the container into a belt conveyor, passing through a fixed-weight hopper and a skip, and finally transported to the ground.

[0062] Step 2.2, the planned coal spillage and cleaning path at the bottom of the auxiliary vertical shaft is as follows:

[0063] Step 2.2.1: The coal cleaned by the auxiliary vertical shaft bottom cleaning trolley is loaded into a container;

[0064] Step 2.2.2: The container is lifted by a monorail crane;

[0065] Step 2.2.3: The monorail crane transports the container along the path from the bottom of the auxiliary shaft, through turnout No. 1, turnout No. 2, the lower entrance of the coal bunker, and turnout No. 3 to the upper part of the guide chute of the belt conveyor at the lower entrance of the coal bunker. The path lengths are L respectively. 10 L9, L2, L 11 And L4.

[0066] Step 2.2.4: Coal is automatically unloaded from the container into a belt conveyor, passing through a fixed-weight hopper and a skip, and finally transported to the ground.

[0067] During the installation and maintenance of equipment at the bottom of the main and auxiliary shafts, the equipment is lifted by a monorail hoisting beam. Based on the above two lines, the monorail hoist transports the equipment to the level of the bottom yard via line L3 (gradient α3), and then connects with the auxiliary shaft hoisting system via a trackless rubber-tired vehicle.

[0068] During the installation and maintenance of equipment at the lower end of the coal bunker, the monorail crane passes through lines L3 (slope α3), L4, L5, L6, and L7 (slopes are generally 3‰ to 5‰), and then connects with the auxiliary shaft hoisting system via a trackless rubber-tired vehicle.

[0069] Step 3: Calculate the round-trip travel time of the monorail and the team's operating efficiency;

[0070] Step 3.1: Calculate the round-trip travel time of the monorail crane based on the coal spillage and cleaning path, using the following formula:

[0071]

[0072] In the formula: T y The time, in minutes, is the round-trip travel time of a monorail.

[0073] L is the average transport distance; calculated based on the two paths obtained in steps 2.1 and 2.2 respectively, i.e., the average transport distance in step 2.1 is L = L1 + L8 + L9 + L2 + L 11 +L4; The average transport distance in step 2.2 is L=L 10 +L9+L2+L 11 +L4.

[0074] V p The locomotive's heavy-load operating speed is 1.0 m / s;

[0075] V t The locomotive's light-load operating speed is 1.6 m / s;

[0076] K s The speed influence coefficient is set to 0.9.

[0077] Step 3.2: Based on the round-trip travel time of the monorail and the loading and shunting auxiliary time of the monorail, calculate the total round-trip time of the monorail, as shown in the following formula:

[0078] T=T y +T f

[0079] In the formula: T is the total time for one round trip of the monorail, in minutes;

[0080] T f Loading and shunting auxiliary time: 10 minutes.

[0081] Step 3.3: Calculate the team's operating efficiency based on the total time for one round trip of the monorail crane and the team's effective working time, using the following formula:

[0082]

[0083] In the formula: n is the transportation efficiency of a single shift, in trips;

[0084] T z The effective working time for a single shift is 6 hours.

[0085] T represents the total time (in minutes) for a single round trip by the monorail.

[0086] Step 4: Record the coal-spreading and cleaning path obtained in Step 2, as well as the round-trip travel time of the monorail crane and the team's operating efficiency obtained in Step 3, and plan the team's work schedule.

[0087] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other implementation methods. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A working method for a system that uses a monorail crane to clean the bottom of main and auxiliary vertical shafts, characterized in that: The monorail system consists of a driver's cab, a main unit, and a lifting beam, arranged from front to back. Two fixed drives are installed between the main unit and the driver's cab, and two fixed drives are installed on the side of the lifting beam away from the main unit. The monorail system is laid out along the bottom roadway of the main and auxiliary vertical shafts via rails. The driver's cab has a three-seater configuration, and the lifting beam is equipped with a bidirectional telescopic hook. The working method includes the following steps: Step 1: Confirm the layout and dimensional relationship between the auxiliary shaft and the main shaft; Step 2: Plan the coal spill cleanup route; Step 2.1: The planned coal spillage and cleaning path at the bottom of the main shaft is as follows: Step 2.1.1: The coal cleaned by the main shaft bottom cleaning trolley is loaded into a container; Step 2.1.2: The container is lifted by a monorail crane; Step 2.1.3: The monorail crane transports the container along the path from the bottom of the main shaft, through turnout No. 1, turnout No. 2, the lower entrance of the coal bunker, and turnout No. 3, to the upper part of the guide chute of the belt conveyor at the lower entrance of the coal bunker. The path lengths are L1, L8, L9, L2, and L... 11 And L4; Step 2.1.4: Coal is automatically unloaded from the container into a belt conveyor, passing through a fixed-weight hopper and a skip, and finally transported to the ground; Step 2.2, the planned coal spillage and cleaning path at the bottom of the auxiliary vertical shaft is as follows: Step 2.2.1: The coal cleaned by the auxiliary vertical shaft bottom cleaning trolley is loaded into a container; Step 2.2.2: The container is lifted by a monorail crane; Step 2.2.3: The monorail crane transports the container along the path from the bottom of the auxiliary shaft, through turnout No. 1, turnout No. 2, the lower entrance of the coal bunker, and turnout No. 3 to the upper part of the guide chute of the belt conveyor at the lower entrance of the coal bunker. The path lengths are L respectively. 10 L9, L2, L 11 And L4; Step 2.2.4: Coal is automatically unloaded from the container into a belt conveyor, passing through a fixed-weight hopper and a skip, and finally transported to the ground; Step 3: Calculate the round-trip travel time of the monorail and the team's operating efficiency; Step 4: Record the coal-spreading and cleaning path obtained in Step 2, as well as the round-trip travel time of the monorail crane and the team's operating efficiency obtained in Step 3, and plan the team's work schedule.

2. The working method of the system for cleaning the bottom of the main and auxiliary vertical shafts using a monorail crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 3 includes the following steps: Step 3.1: Calculate the round-trip travel time of the monorail crane based on the coal spillage and cleaning path, using the following formula: ； In the formula: T y The time for a single round trip by a monorail is denoted as L; the average transport distance is denoted as V. p V is the locomotive's heavy-load operating speed. t K represents the light-load operating speed of the locomotive. s This is the speed influence coefficient; Step 3.2: Based on the round-trip travel time of the monorail and the loading and shunting auxiliary time of the monorail, calculate the total round-trip time of the monorail, as shown in the following formula: T=T y +T f In the formula: T is the total time for the monorail to make one round trip; T f For loading and shunting auxiliary time; Step 3.3: Calculate the team's operating efficiency based on the total time for one round trip of the monorail crane and the team's effective working time, using the following formula: ； In the formula: n is the transportation efficiency of a single shift; T z T represents the effective working time of a single shift; T represents the total time for one round trip of the monorail crane.

3. The working method of the system for cleaning the bottom of the main and auxiliary vertical shafts using a monorail crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum width of the tunnel is B+0.85+1.0m, where B is the maximum width of the monorail.

4. The working method of the system for cleaning the bottom of the main and auxiliary vertical shafts using a monorail crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum height of the tunnel is H, where H≥H1+H2+H3+H4; where H1 is the distance from the top of the tunnel to the lower edge of the track; H2 is the distance from the lower edge of the track to the lower edge of the lifting beam; H3 is the maximum height of the transported goods; and H4 is the safe distance from the bottom of the goods to the tunnel floor.

5. The working method of the system for cleaning the bottom of the main and auxiliary vertical shafts using a monorail crane according to claim 4, characterized in that: The safe distance H4 from the bottom of the cargo to the roadway is set to 200mm.

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