Auxiliary components, monitoring devices and monitoring methods for monitoring the cylinder opening height of steam turbines

Abstract

This application provides an auxiliary component, monitoring device, and monitoring method for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine. The component includes a cylinder and a reflector. The cylinder is connectable to a nut clamping surface. The cylinder includes a connected cylinder wall and a cylinder top, with the cylinder top including a first plane away from the cylinder wall. The first plane has at least four mounting positions for fixing a laser rangefinder sensor, and each mounting position on the cylinder top has a through hole for accommodating laser light. The reflector is connectable to the top surface of a bolt. The projected area of ​​the reflector on the top surface of the bolt is smaller than the area of ​​the top surface of the bolt. Each reflector has a second plane. When the cylinder is connected to the nut clamping surface and a laser rangefinder sensor is mounted at the mounting position, the second plane can reflect the laser light emitted by the laser rangefinder sensor. This application can improve the measurement accuracy of the steam turbine cylinder opening height, achieve real-time measurement, and thus help reduce the risk of turbine damage during the cylinder opening process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of steam turbine maintenance technology, and in particular to an auxiliary component, monitoring device and monitoring method for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine. Background Technology

[0002] Steam turbines are the main equipment in thermal power plants. When a steam turbine undergoes routine maintenance or inspection or an abnormality occurs, it is necessary to open the turbine cylinders to complete the overhaul.

[0003] During the turbine cylinder opening process, if the inclination of the upper cylinder mating surface relative to the lower cylinder mating surface exceeds a threshold (i.e., the turbine's four corner lifting or hoisting cylinder opening heights are inconsistent), it may lead to serious turbine damage accidents such as scratching of rotor blades by stationary equipment inside the cylinder, or even jamming of rotor blades. Therefore, it is necessary to closely monitor the cylinder opening height during the turbine cylinder opening process.

[0004] However, the current method for monitoring the cylinder opening height of steam turbines usually involves multiple operators manually measuring the cylinder opening height using steel rulers. This method has low accuracy and cannot be measured in real time. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an auxiliary component, monitoring device, and monitoring method for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine, which can improve the accuracy of cylinder opening height measurement and realize real-time cylinder opening height measurement, thereby helping to reduce the risk of steam turbine damage during the cylinder opening process.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides an auxiliary component for monitoring the opening height of a steam turbine cylinder. The steam turbine cylinder includes an upper cylinder body and a lower cylinder body. The upper cylinder body has multiple bolt holes and multiple nut clamping surfaces, each bolt hole corresponding to a nut clamping surface. Each nut clamping surface is arranged around the corresponding bolt hole when the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are in a coupled state. The lower cylinder body has multiple bolts, and the upper cylinder body is disposed on the lower cylinder body with bolts passing through the bolt holes. The auxiliary component for monitoring includes: The cylindrical body and the reflector; among which, The cylinder body can be connected to the nut clamping surface; the cylinder body includes a connected cylinder wall and a cylinder top, which together form a hollow space; when the turbine cylinder is in the closed state and the cylinder body is set on the nut clamping surface, the cylinder body can cover the end of the bolt in the hollow space; the cylinder top includes a first plane away from the cylinder wall; the first plane has at least four mounting positions for fixing laser ranging sensors, and each mounting position on the cylinder top has a through hole for accommodating laser light; each mounting position is used to align a laser ranging sensor with the laser measurement origin and the through hole, with the output beam axis perpendicular to the first plane, and the distance from the laser measurement origin to the first plane... The vertical distance between the surface and the first point is the surface distance, and it is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder; at least four through holes, including a central through hole located in the central region of the first plane, and a first through hole, a second through hole, and a third through hole located in the region outside the central region of the first plane, the first through hole and the second through hole are arranged along a first direction, and the first through hole and the third through hole are arranged along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction being perpendicular to the first plane; the first plane is also provided with a measuring position for fixing the dual-axis electronic level; the measuring position is used to fix the dual-axis electronic level in the measuring position such that either of the two measuring axes is set along either the first direction or the second direction; The reflector can be attached to the top surface of the bolt; the projected area of ​​the reflector on the top surface of the bolt is smaller than the area of ​​the top surface of the bolt; each reflector has a second plane; when the cylinder is attached to the nut clamping surface and a laser rangefinder is installed at the mounting position, the second plane can be used to reflect the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder.

[0007] Secondly, this application provides an auxiliary component for monitoring the opening height of a steam turbine cylinder. The steam turbine cylinder includes an upper cylinder body and a lower cylinder body. The upper cylinder body has multiple bolt holes and multiple nut clamping surfaces. Each bolt hole corresponds to a nut clamping surface. When the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are in a coupled state, each nut clamping surface is arranged to surround the corresponding bolt hole. The lower cylinder body has multiple bolts, and the upper cylinder body is disposed on the lower cylinder body with bolts passing through the bolt holes. The monitoring auxiliary component includes: a cylinder and a reflector; wherein... The cylinder body can be connected to the nut clamping surface; the cylinder body includes a connected cylinder wall and a cylinder top, which together form a hollow space; when the turbine cylinder is in the closed state and the cylinder body is set on the nut clamping surface, the cylinder body can cover the end of the bolt in the hollow space; the cylinder top includes a first plane away from the cylinder wall; the first plane has at least three mounting positions for installing laser rangefinders, and each mounting position on the cylinder top has a through hole for accommodating the laser beam; each mounting position is used to fix a laser rangefinder on the cylinder top in such a way that the laser measurement origin is aligned with the through hole, the output beam axis is perpendicular to the first plane, and the vertical distance from the laser measurement origin to the plane of the first plane is the first point-to-plane distance; the three through holes include a first through hole, a second through hole, and a third through hole located on the first plane, the first and second through holes are arranged along a first direction, and the first and third through holes are arranged along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction being perpendicular to the first plane; the first plane also has a measuring position for placing at least one electronic level. The reflector can be attached to the top surface of the bolt; the projected area of ​​the reflector on the top surface of the bolt is smaller than the area of ​​the top surface of the bolt; each reflector has a second plane; when the cylinder is attached to the nut clamping surface and a laser rangefinder is installed at the mounting position, the second plane can be used to reflect the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder.

[0008] Thirdly, this application provides a device for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine, comprising: The monitoring auxiliary components described in the first aspect above; At least one laser rangefinder sensor; when installed in a mounting position with the laser measurement origin aligned with a through hole, the emitted beam axis perpendicular to a first plane, and the vertical distance from the laser measurement origin to the plane containing the first plane as the first point-to-surface distance, and when installed on a turbine cylinder with the reflector connected to the top surface of the bolt and the cylinder connected to the nut clamping surface, each laser rangefinder sensor can emit a laser beam toward a second plane to form a reflection point, thereby obtaining the distance data between the laser measurement origin and the reflection point; and A dual-axis electronic level; the dual-axis electronic level includes two mutually perpendicular measuring axes; when installed on a steam turbine cylinder with the reflector connected to the top surface of the bolt and the cylinder connected to the clamping surface of the nut, the dual-axis electronic level can be set at the measuring position with either of the two measuring axes set along either the first direction or the second direction, thereby obtaining the tilt angle data of the first plane relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction, and the tilt angle data of the first plane relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction.

[0009] Fourthly, this application provides a method for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine, wherein the monitoring method is implemented based on the monitoring device described in the third aspect above; The turbine cylinder's state before it is opened is called the first state, and the state at any moment during the opening process is called the second state. The turbine cylinder includes multiple monitoring positions, each including a bolt and a corresponding nut clamping surface. These monitoring positions are distributed around the turbine cylinder. The monitoring methods include: First installation step: Install the monitoring auxiliary component at a monitoring position by connecting the reflector to the top surface of the bolt and the cylinder to the clamping surface of the nut; First measurement step: When the turbine cylinder is in the first state: A dual-axis electronic level is set up at the measurement position with either of its two measuring axes aligned along either the first or second direction. Using the configured dual-axis electronic level, the tilt angle data of the first plane relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction is obtained. The tilt angle data of the first plane relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction ; The laser rangefinder sensor is installed at the mounting position corresponding to the first through hole, and the first distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; Install the laser rangefinder sensor at the mounting position corresponding to the second through hole, and obtain the second distance data through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; Install the laser rangefinder sensor at the mounting position corresponding to the third through hole, and obtain the third distance data through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; Install the laser rangefinder sensor at the mounting position corresponding to the central through-hole, and obtain the fourth distance data through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; Second measurement step: When the turbine cylinder is in the second state: install the laser rangefinder sensor at the mounting position corresponding to the central through hole, and obtain the fifth distance data through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; First calibration step: Prepare a first computer device, which is equipped with a first data acquisition module, a first calculation module, and a first output module; The first data acquisition module, through a communication connection with a dual-axis electronic level, acquires tilt angle data when the turbine cylinder is in the first state. , By communicating with a laser rangefinder sensor, distance data is obtained when the turbine cylinder is in its first state. , , , Obtain distance data when the turbine cylinder is in the second state. ; Obtain the first distance between the center of the first through hole and the center of the second through hole. and the second spacing between the center of the first through hole and the center of the third through hole. ; The first calculation module performs the following calculation steps: When the turbine cylinder is in the first state, based on the acquired distance data , and tilt angle data Using the formula: , Calculations were performed to obtain , obtained That is, when the turbine cylinder is in the first state, the tilt angle of the second plane relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction; Based on the obtained distance data , and tilt angle data Using the formula: , Calculations were performed to obtain , obtained That is, when the turbine cylinder is in the first state, the tilt angle of the second plane relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction; When the turbine cylinder is in the second state, the distance data obtained when the turbine cylinder is in the first state is used... Tilt angle data , The calculated tilt angle data , And the distance data of the steam turbine cylinder when it is in the second state. Using the formula: , Calculations are performed to obtain the results for the monitoring positions. , The cylinder opening height at the monitoring position when the turbine cylinder is in the second state; The first output module is used to output the position information of the monitoring position and the calculation result of the monitoring position when the turbine cylinder is in the second state. .

[0010] Fifthly, this application provides a method for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine, the monitoring method being implemented based on the monitoring device described in the third aspect above; The turbine cylinder's state before it is opened is called the first state, and the state at any moment during the opening process is called the second state. The turbine cylinder includes multiple monitoring positions, each including a bolt and a corresponding nut clamping surface. These monitoring positions are distributed around the turbine cylinder. The monitoring methods include: Second installation step: Prepare four sets of monitoring devices and select four monitoring positions, located around the turbine cylinder; configure one monitoring device for each monitoring position; for the first... One monitoring point, ; The corresponding monitoring auxiliary components are installed at the monitoring position with the reflector connected to the top surface of the bolt and the cylinder connected to the clamping surface of the nut. Third measurement step: For the One monitoring point, when the turbine cylinder is in the first state: The correspondingly configured dual-axis electronic level is set at the measurement position with either of the two measuring axes aligned along either the first or second direction. Using the configured dual-axis electronic level, the tilt angle data of the first plane relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction is obtained. The tilt angle data of the first plane relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction ; Install the corresponding laser rangefinder sensor in the mounting position corresponding to the first through hole, and obtain the first distance data through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; Install the corresponding laser rangefinder sensor in the mounting position corresponding to the second through hole, and obtain the second distance data through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; Install the corresponding laser rangefinder sensor in the mounting position corresponding to the third through hole, and obtain the third distance data through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; Install the corresponding laser rangefinder sensor in the mounting position corresponding to the central through hole, and obtain the fourth distance data through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; Fourth measurement step: For the One monitoring point, when the turbine cylinder is in the second state: Install the corresponding laser rangefinder sensor in the mounting position corresponding to the central through hole, and obtain the fifth distance data through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; Second calibration step: Prepare a second computer device, which is equipped with a second data acquisition module, a second calculation module, and a second output module; the second data acquisition module is connected to the laser rangefinder and dual-axis electronic level corresponding to the four monitoring positions. For the One monitoring point, The second data acquisition module acquires tilt angle data when the turbine cylinder is in the first state. , ; Obtain distance data when the turbine cylinder is in the first state , , , Obtain distance data when the turbine cylinder is in the second state. ; Obtain the first distance between the center of the first through hole and the center of the second through hole. and the second spacing between the center of the first through hole and the center of the third through hole. ; The second calculation module performs the following calculation steps: When the turbine cylinder is in the first state, based on the acquired distance data , and tilt angle data Using the formula: , Calculations were performed to obtain , obtained That is, when the turbine cylinder is in the first state, the first... The angle of inclination of the second plane at each monitoring position relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction; Based on the obtained distance data , and tilt angle data Using the formula: , Calculations were performed to obtain , obtained That is, when the turbine cylinder is in the first state, the tilt angle of the second plane relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction; When the turbine cylinder is in the second state, the distance data obtained when the turbine cylinder is in the first state is used... Tilt angle data , The calculated tilt angle data , And distance data when the turbine cylinder is in the second state. Using the formula: , Calculations were performed to obtain the first... Calculation results of each monitoring point , When the turbine cylinder is in the second state The cylinder opening height at each monitoring position; The second output module is used to output the first value when the turbine cylinder is in the second state. Location information and calculation results of each monitoring point .

[0011] The auxiliary component for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine provided in this application includes a cylinder and a reflector. The cylinder is installed on the nut clamping surface of the upper cylinder to form a first plane, and the reflector is installed on the top surface of the bolts of the lower cylinder to form a second plane that is spaced apart from the first plane. The cylinder has multiple through holes, including a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole, and a central through hole. Each through hole on the cylinder has a mounting position for fixing a laser ranging sensor, so that the vertical distance from the origin of the laser ranging sensor to the plane containing the first plane is the first point-to-surface distance, and the distance exits through the through hole. A laser beam, with its emission direction perpendicular to the first plane and incident on the second plane, is used to obtain distance data. The cylinder body is equipped with a measuring position for a dual-axis electronic level to obtain tilt angle data. The obtained distance and tilt angle data are used to correct the distance variation between the first and second planes measured by the laser rangefinder, resulting in a more accurate value for the distance variation between the first and second planes. This allows for a more accurate measurement of the rise of the upper cylinder's mating surface relative to the lower cylinder's mating surface, thus providing a more accurate cylinder opening height. This application can improve the accuracy of turbine cylinder opening height measurement, enabling real-time measurement and thereby reducing the risk of turbine damage during the cylinder opening process.

[0012] The device and method for monitoring the opening height of a steam turbine cylinder provided in this application form a first plane with a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole, and a central through hole by setting a cylinder on the nut clamping surface of the upper cylinder body. A second plane is formed by setting a reflector on the top surface of the bolts of the lower cylinder body. By combining the first and second planes with a laser rangefinder and a dual-axis electronic level, the rise height of the upper cylinder's mating surface relative to the lower cylinder's mating surface can be obtained, which is closer to the true value. In other words, the opening height of the steam turbine cylinder can be obtained more accurately. This application can improve the measurement accuracy of the steam turbine cylinder opening height, achieve real-time measurement, and thus help reduce the risk of turbine damage during the opening process. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first overall structure of the first auxiliary component for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The top view of the cylinder shown.

[0017] Figure 3 For laser rangefinder sensor to be installed on Figure 1 The diagram shows the installation position in the auxiliary components for monitoring.

[0018] Figure 4 For setting up a dual-axis electronic level Figure 1 The diagram shows the measurement position in the auxiliary components for monitoring.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second overall structure of the first auxiliary component for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The top view of the cylinder shown.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second auxiliary component for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine provided in this embodiment.

[0022] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The top view of the cylinder shown.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a steam turbine cylinder in a non-open state.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a steam turbine cylinder in the open state.

[0025] Figure 11 for Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 7The diagram shows a first schematic of any of the monitoring auxiliary components installed in a steam turbine cylinder for monitoring cylinder opening height.

[0026] Figure 12 for Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 The diagram shows a second schematic of any of the monitoring auxiliary components installed in a steam turbine cylinder for monitoring cylinder opening height.

[0027] Figure 13 The embodiments provided in this application are based on Figure 1 The diagram shows the overall structure of the turbine cylinder opening height monitoring device, which is an auxiliary component for monitoring.

[0028] Figure 14 The embodiments provided in this application are based on Figure 5 The diagram shows the overall structure of the turbine cylinder opening height monitoring device, which is an auxiliary component for monitoring.

[0029] Figure 15 The embodiments provided in this application are based on Figure 7 The diagram shows the overall structure of the turbine cylinder opening height monitoring device, which is an auxiliary component for monitoring.

[0030] Figure 16 The embodiments provided in this application are based on Figures 13 to 15 A first schematic diagram of monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine using any of the monitoring devices shown.

[0031] Figure 17 The embodiments provided in this application are based on Figures 13 to 15 A second schematic diagram of turbine cylinder opening height monitoring performed by any of the monitoring devices shown.

[0032] Figure 18 The embodiments provided in this application are based on Figures 13 to 15 The third schematic diagram shows the monitoring of the opening height of a steam turbine cylinder using any of the monitoring devices shown.

[0033] Figure 19 The embodiments provided in this application are based on Figures 13 to 15 The fourth schematic diagram shows the monitoring of the opening height of a steam turbine cylinder using any of the monitoring devices shown.

[0034] Figure 20 The embodiments provided in this application are based on Figures 13 to 15 The fifth schematic diagram shows the monitoring of the opening height of a steam turbine cylinder using any of the monitoring devices shown.

[0035] Figure 21 This is a first flowchart of the turbine cylinder opening height monitoring method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0036] Figure 22 This is a second flowchart of the turbine cylinder opening height monitoring method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0037] Figure 23 This is a first structural schematic diagram of the electronic equipment involved in the turbine cylinder opening height monitoring method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0038] Figure 24 This is a second structural schematic diagram of the electronic equipment involved in the turbine cylinder opening height monitoring method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0039] Figure 25 This is a third structural schematic diagram of the electronic equipment involved in the turbine cylinder opening height monitoring method provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0041] Please see Figures 1 to 4 This application provides a first type of auxiliary component 100 for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine. It is understood that, for ease of description, the auxiliary component for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine will be referred to simply as the monitoring auxiliary component in this embodiment.

[0042] This auxiliary monitoring component 100 is used for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine. Please refer to... Figures 9 to 12 The turbine cylinder 30 includes an upper cylinder body 32 and a lower cylinder body 34. The upper cylinder body 32 is provided with multiple bolt holes 341 and multiple nut clamping surfaces 321. Each bolt hole 341 corresponds to a nut clamping surface 321. When the upper cylinder body 32 and the lower cylinder body 34 are in the engaged state, each nut clamping surface 321 is arranged to surround the corresponding bolt hole 341. The lower cylinder body 34 is provided with multiple bolts 341, and the upper cylinder body 32 is disposed on the lower cylinder body 34 with the bolts 341 passing through the bolt holes 341. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the mating surface 343 of the lower cylinder body 34 is horizontal.

[0043] Please see Figures 1 to 4 and combined Figures 9 to 12 The monitoring auxiliary component 100 provided in this application embodiment includes: a cylinder 2 and a reflector 4.

[0044] The cylinder 2 can be connected to the nut clamping surface 321. The cylinder 2 includes a connected cylinder wall 24 and a cylinder top 22, which together form a hollow space. When the turbine cylinder 30 is in an open state and the cylinder 2 is positioned on the nut clamping surface 321, the cylinder 2 can cover the end 3411 of the bolt 341 within the hollow space. The cylinder top 22 includes a first plane 221 on the side away from the cylinder wall 24. The first plane 221 has at least four mounting positions 222 for fixing the laser ranging sensor 200. Each mounting position 222 of the cylinder top 22 has a through hole 223 for accommodating the laser beam. The cylinder top 22 has at least four through holes 223. Each mounting position 222 is used to align the laser ranging sensor 200 with the laser measurement origin and the through hole 223, with the output beam axis perpendicular to the first plane 221 and the laser measurement origin to the first plane 221. The vertical distance between the surface and the first point is the distance between the two points, and the instrument is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder 22. There are at least four through holes 223, including a central through hole 223e located in the central region of the first plane 221, and a first through hole 223a, a second through hole 223b, and a third through hole 223c located outside the central region of the first plane 221. The first through hole 223a and the second through hole 223b are arranged along the first direction H1, and the first through hole 223a and the third through hole 223c are arranged along the second direction H2. The first direction H1 and the second direction H2 are perpendicular to the first plane 221. The first plane 221 is also provided with a measuring position 224 for fixing the dual-axis electronic level 300. The measuring position 224 is used to fix the dual-axis electronic level 300 in the measuring position 224 so that either of the two measuring axes is set along either the first direction H1 or the second direction H2.

[0045] The reflector 4 can be connected to the top surface 3411a of the bolt 341; the projected area of ​​the reflector 4 on the top surface 3411a of the bolt 341 is smaller than the area of ​​the top surface 3411a of the bolt 341; each reflector 4 has a second plane 41; when the cylinder 2 is connected to the nut clamping surface 321 and the laser rangefinder 200 is installed at the mounting position 222, the second plane 41 can be used to reflect the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder 200.

[0046] The auxiliary component for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine provided in this application includes a cylinder and a reflector. The cylinder is installed on the nut clamping surface of the upper cylinder to form a first plane, and the reflector is installed on the top surface of the bolts of the lower cylinder to form a second plane that is spaced apart from the first plane. The cylinder has multiple through holes, including a first through hole, a second through hole, a third through hole, and a central through hole. Each through hole on the cylinder has a mounting position for fixing a laser ranging sensor, so that the vertical distance from the origin of the laser ranging sensor to the plane containing the first plane is the first point-to-surface distance, and the distance exits through the through hole. A laser beam, with its emission direction perpendicular to the first plane and incident on the second plane, is used to obtain distance data. The cylinder body is equipped with a measuring position for a dual-axis electronic level to obtain tilt angle data. The obtained distance and tilt angle data are used to correct the distance variation between the first and second planes measured by the laser rangefinder, resulting in a more accurate value for the distance variation between the first and second planes. This allows for a more accurate measurement of the rise of the upper cylinder's mating surface relative to the lower cylinder's mating surface, thus providing a more accurate cylinder opening height. This application can improve the accuracy of turbine cylinder opening height measurement, enabling real-time measurement and thereby reducing the risk of turbine damage during the cylinder opening process.

[0047] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figures 1 to 4 and combine Figures 9 to 12 The cylinder wall 24 includes an open end 241 and a wall portion 243 connected to each other; the inner diameter of the open end 241 is larger than the inner diameter of the nut clamping surface 321, and the outer diameter of the open end 241 is smaller than the outer diameter of the nut clamping surface 321; among the open end 241, the wall portion 243 and the cylinder top 22, at least the open end 241 is made of magnetic material, or at least the open end 241 has a built-in magnet, so that the cylinder wall 24 can be disposed on the upper cylinder body 32 by means of magnetic attraction of the open end 241 to the nut clamping surface 321.

[0048] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figures 1 to 4 and combine Figures 9 to 12 The reflector 4 is made of a magnetic material, or the reflector 4 has a built-in magnet, and is set on the lower cylinder 34 in such a way that the reflector 4 is magnetically attracted to the top surface 3411a of the bolt 341.

[0049] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 At least four through holes 223, including a fourth through hole 223d; the fourth through hole 223d, together with the first through hole 223a, the second through hole 223b and the third through hole 223c, forms a rectangle; the fourth through hole 223d is located outside the central region of the first plane 221.

[0050] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The top of the cylinder 22 is provided with an outer groove 227 and multiple inner grooves 225; the outer groove 227 is the measuring position 224; the inner grooves 225 are the mounting positions 222. The outer groove 227 is recessed in the first plane 221; at least a portion of the sidewall of the outer groove 227 matches the sidewall of the dual-axis electronic level 200, so that either of the two mutually perpendicular measuring axes of the dual-axis electronic level 200 is set along the first direction H1 or the second direction H2. The multiple internal grooves 225 include multiple grooves recessed into the bottom surface of the external groove 227; each internal groove 225 has a through hole 223 on its bottom surface. The shape and size of each internal groove 225 are matched with the shape and size of the laser rangefinder 200 so that the laser rangefinder 200 can be fixed to the top of the cylinder 22 by engaging with the internal groove 225. When the laser rangefinder 200 is engaged with an internal groove 225, the laser measurement origin of the laser rangefinder 200 coincides with the center of the through hole 223 of the internal groove 225.

[0051] It is understood that the shape and size of each internal groove 225 are matched with the shape and size of the laser rangefinder 200, that is, the shape and size of each internal groove 225 are the same. Each laser rangefinder 200 is engaged with the internal groove 225, so that the laser rangefinder 200 is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder 22 with the laser measurement origin aligned with the through hole 223, the output beam axis perpendicular to the first plane 221, and the vertical distance from the laser measurement origin to the plane where the first plane 221 is located as the first point-to-plane distance.

[0052] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The distance between the center of the first through hole 223a and the center of the second through hole 223b is the first spacing, and the distance between the center of the first through hole 223a and the center of the third through hole 223c is the second spacing. The first spacing is equal to the second spacing.

[0053] In this embodiment, during the use of the monitoring auxiliary component 100, there is no need to distinguish between the first direction H1 and the second direction H2, which improves convenience and thus improves monitoring efficiency.

[0054] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6This application also provides a second auxiliary component 100 for monitoring the opening height of a steam turbine cylinder. The structural description of the steam turbine cylinder 30 is given in the foregoing section and will not be repeated here. Figure 7 and Figure 8 , combined Figures 9 to 12 and reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The second monitoring auxiliary component 100 provided in this application embodiment includes: a cylinder 2 and a reflector 4.

[0055] The cylinder 2 is connected to the nut clamping surface 321. The cylinder 2 includes a connected cylinder wall 24 and a cylinder top 22, which together form a hollow space. When the turbine cylinder 30 is in an open state and the cylinder 2 is positioned on the nut clamping surface 321, the cylinder 2 can cover the end 3411 of the bolt 341 within the hollow space. The cylinder top 22 includes a first plane 221 on the side away from the cylinder wall 24. The first plane 221 has at least three mounting positions 222 for mounting the laser ranging sensor 200. Each mounting position 222 of the cylinder top 22 has a through hole for accommodating the laser beam. The cylinder top 22 has three through holes 223. Each mounting position 222 is used to allow a laser ranging sensor to pass through. The sensor 200 is fixedly mounted on the top of the cylinder 22 with the laser measurement origin aligned with the through hole 223, the emitted beam axis perpendicular to the first plane 221, and the vertical distance from the laser measurement origin to the plane of the first plane 221 being the first point-to-plane distance. Three through holes are provided: a first through hole 223a, a second through hole 223b, and a third through hole 223c located on the first plane 221. The first through hole 223a and the second through hole 223b are arranged along a first direction H1, and the first through hole 223a and the third through hole 223c are arranged along a second direction H2. The first direction H1 and the second direction H2 are perpendicular to the first plane 221. The first plane 221 also has a measuring position 224 for placing at least one electronic level. The reflector 4 can be connected to the top surface 3411a of the bolt 341; the projected area of ​​the reflector 4 on the top surface 3411a of the bolt 341 is smaller than the area of ​​the top surface 3411a of the bolt 341; each reflector 4 has a second plane 41; when the cylinder 2 is connected to the nut clamping surface 321 and the laser rangefinder 200 is installed at the mounting position 222, the second plane 41 can be used to reflect the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder 200.

[0056] Please see Figures 13 to 14 and combined Figures 1 to 6 This application also provides a first type of device 10 for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine.

[0057] It is understood that, for ease of description, the device for monitoring the opening height of the turbine cylinder 30 will be referred to as the monitoring device in the following embodiments.

[0058] This application provides a first monitoring device 10, including: the aforementioned first monitoring auxiliary component 100, at least one laser rangefinder 200, and a dual-axis electronic level 300.

[0059] Among them, at least one laser rangefinder sensor 200 is installed in a mounting position 222 with the laser measurement origin aligned with a through hole 223, the output beam axis perpendicular to the first plane 221, and the vertical distance from the laser measurement origin to the plane of the first plane 221 as the first point-to-surface distance. When the reflector 4 is connected to the top surface 3411a of the bolt 341 and the cylinder 2 is connected to the nut clamping surface 321, each laser rangefinder sensor 200 can emit a laser towards the second plane 41 to form a reflection point, thereby obtaining the distance data between the laser measurement origin and the reflection point. The dual-axis electronic level 300 includes two mutually perpendicular measuring axes. When the reflector 4 is connected to the top surface 3411a of the bolt 341 and the cylinder 2 is connected to the nut clamping surface 321, the dual-axis electronic level 300 can be set at the measuring position 224 with either measuring axis set along either the first direction H1 or the second direction H2, thereby obtaining the tilt angle data of the first plane 221 relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction H1 and the tilt angle data of the first plane 221 relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction H2.

[0060] Please see Figure 15 , combined Figure 7 and Figure 8 and reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 This application also provides a second type of device 10 for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine.

[0061] This application provides a second type of monitoring device 10, including: the aforementioned second type of monitoring auxiliary component 100, at least one laser rangefinder sensor 200 and a dual-axis electronic level 300.

[0062] At least one laser rangefinder 200 is installed in a mounting position 222 such that the laser measurement origin is aligned with a through hole 223, the axis of the emitted beam is perpendicular to the first plane 221, and the vertical distance from the laser measurement origin to the plane of the first plane 221 is the first point-to-surface distance. When the reflector 4 is connected to the top surface 3411a of the bolt 341 and the cylinder 2 is connected to the nut clamping surface 321, each laser rangefinder 200 can emit a laser towards the second plane 41 to form a reflection point, thereby obtaining the distance data between the laser measurement origin and the reflection point. The dual-axis electronic level 300 includes two mutually perpendicular measuring axes. When the reflector 4 is connected to the top surface 3411a of the bolt 341 and the cylinder 2 is connected to the nut clamping surface 321, the dual-axis electronic level 300 can be set at the measuring position 224 with either measuring axis set along either the first direction H1 or the second direction H2, thereby obtaining the tilt angle data of the first plane 221 relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction H1 and the tilt angle data of the first plane 221 relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction H2.

[0063] Please see Figure 16 , Figure 17 , Figure 21 and Figure 23 and combined Figures 1 to 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 ,as well as Figure 13 and Figure 14 This application also provides a method for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine.

[0064] It is understood that, for ease of description, the method for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine will be referred to as the monitoring method in the embodiments of this application.

[0065] The monitoring method provided in this embodiment is based on the aforementioned first monitoring device 10.

[0066] The state in which the turbine cylinder 30 is not yet opened is called the first state, and the state at any moment during the opening process of the turbine cylinder 30 is called the second state. The turbine cylinder 30 includes multiple monitoring positions, each monitoring position including a bolt 341 and a corresponding nut clamping surface 321. The multiple monitoring positions are distributed around the turbine cylinder 30.

[0067] It is understood that the monitoring method provided in this embodiment is a method for monitoring the cylinder opening height at a monitoring position.

[0068] Please see Figure 23The monitoring method provided in this embodiment is based on a first electronic device 20. The first electronic device 20 includes a dual-axis electronic level 200, a laser rangefinder 300, and a first computer device 210. The first computer device 210 includes a first data acquisition module 211, a first calculation module 213, and a first output module 215.

[0069] Please see Figure 21 The monitoring method provided in this embodiment includes a first installation step S11, a first measurement step S12, a second measurement step S13, and a first calibration step S14. Each step is described in detail below.

[0070] The first installation step S11 includes: The monitoring auxiliary component 100 is installed at a monitoring position with the reflector 4 connected to the top surface 3411a of the bolt 341 and the cylinder 2 connected to the nut clamping surface 321.

[0071] The first measurement step S12 includes: When the turbine cylinder 30 is in the first state: The dual-axis electronic level 300 is set at the measuring position 224 with either of its two measuring axes aligned along either the first direction H1 or the second direction H2. Using the configured dual-axis electronic level 300, the tilt angle data of the first plane 221 relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction H1 is obtained. The tilt angle data of the first plane 221 relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction H2 ; The laser rangefinder 200 is installed in the mounting position 222 corresponding to the first through hole 223a. The first distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder 200. ; The laser rangefinder 200 is installed in the mounting position 222 corresponding to the second through hole 223b. The second distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder 200. ; The laser rangefinder 200 is installed in the mounting position 222 corresponding to the third through hole 223c. The third distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder 200. ; The laser rangefinder 200 is installed in the mounting position 222 corresponding to the central through hole 223e. The fourth distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder 200. ; The second measurement step S13 includes: When the turbine cylinder 30 is in the second state: The laser rangefinder 200 is installed in the mounting position 222 corresponding to the central through hole 223e. The fifth distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder 200. .

[0072] The first calibration step S14 includes: Prepare a first computer device 210, which is configured with a first data acquisition module 211, a first calculation module 213 and a first output module 215; The first data acquisition module 211, through communication connection with the dual-axis electronic level 300, acquires tilt angle data when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the first state. , By communicating with the laser rangefinder 200, distance data of the turbine cylinder 30 when it is in the first state is obtained. , , , Obtain distance data when turbine cylinder 30 is in the second state. ; Obtain the first distance between the center of the first through hole 223a and the center of the second through hole 223b. and the second spacing between the center of the first through hole 223a and the center of the third through hole 223c. ; The first calculation module 213 performs the following calculation steps: When the turbine cylinder 30 is in the first state, based on the acquired distance data , and tilt angle data Using the formula: , Calculations were performed to obtain , obtained That is, when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the first state, the tilt angle of the second plane 41 relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction H1; Based on the obtained distance data , and tilt angle data Using the formula: , Calculations were performed to obtain , obtained That is, when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the first state, the tilt angle of the second plane 41 relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction H2; When the turbine cylinder 30 is in the second state, the distance data obtained when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the first state is used... Tilt angle data , The calculated tilt angle data , And the distance data when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the second state. Using the formula: , Calculations are performed to obtain the results for the monitoring positions. , The cylinder opening height at the monitoring position when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the second state; The first output module 215 is used to output the position information of the monitoring position and the calculation result of the monitoring position when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the second state. .

[0073] In some embodiments, the first output module 215 can be a display module, used to output the position information of the monitoring position and the calculation result of the monitoring position when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the second state in a display manner. .

[0074] It is understandable that, in some embodiments, based on Figure 7 and Figure 8 The second type of monitoring auxiliary component 100 shown forms a second type of monitoring device 10. The detection method for monitoring cylinder opening height at a monitoring position based on the second type of monitoring device 10 differs from the detection method for monitoring cylinder opening height at a monitoring position based on the first type of monitoring device 10 only in the fourth distance data. and fifth distance data The steps to obtain it.

[0075] Since the second type of monitoring auxiliary component 100 does not have the central through-hole 223e, any one of the first through-hole 223a, the second through-hole 223b, or the third through-hole 223c can be used to replace the central through-hole 223e to obtain the fourth distance data. and fifth distance data In other words, in the above monitoring methods, the fourth distance data and fifth distance data It can be obtained through any one of the through holes 223a, 223b, and 223c. For example, the fourth distance data. and fifth distance data It is obtained through the first through hole 223a. This is the first distance data. .

[0076] It is understandable that the algorithm provided by the first calculation module 213 in this embodiment is actually based on measurements obtained from a laser rangefinder sensor. , The obtained measured height difference The algorithm for correction aims to make the corrected result... This correction algorithm provides a more accurate value for the cylinder opening height. It can be applied not only in the steam turbine field to obtain a more accurate value for the cylinder opening height, but also in other fields to obtain a more accurate value for the measured distance, spacing, or displacement.

[0077] Please see Figures 18 to 20 , Figure 22 , Figure 24 and Figure 25 and combined Figures 1 to 6 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 18 ,as well as Figure 13 and Figure 14 This application also provides a second method for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine.

[0078] The monitoring method provided in this embodiment is based on the aforementioned first monitoring device 10.

[0079] The state in which the turbine cylinder 30 is not yet opened is called the first state, and the state at any moment during the opening process of the turbine cylinder 30 is called the second state. The turbine cylinder 30 includes multiple monitoring positions, each monitoring position including a bolt 341 and a corresponding nut clamping surface 321. The multiple monitoring positions are distributed around the turbine cylinder 30.

[0080] It is understood that the monitoring method provided in this embodiment is a method for simultaneously monitoring the cylinder opening height at four monitoring positions distributed around the turbine cylinder 30.

[0081] Please see Figure 24 and Figure 25 The monitoring method provided in this embodiment is based on a second electronic device 40. The second electronic device 40 includes a dual-axis electronic level 200, a laser rangefinder 300, and a second computer device 410. The second computer device 410 includes a second data acquisition module 411, a second calculation module 413, and a second output module 415.

[0082] Please see Figure 22 The monitoring method provided in this embodiment includes: a second installation step S21, a third measurement step S22, a fourth measurement step S23, and a second calibration step S24. Each step is described in detail below.

[0083] The second installation step S21 includes: Prepare four sets of monitoring devices 10, and select four monitoring positions, which are located around the turbine cylinder 30 respectively; configure one monitoring device 10 for each monitoring position; for the first One monitoring point, ; The corresponding monitoring auxiliary component 100 is installed at the monitoring position with the reflector 4 connected to the top surface 3411a of the bolt 341 and the cylinder 2 connected to the nut clamping surface 321. The third measurement step S22 includes: For the One monitoring point: When the turbine cylinder 30 is in the first state: The correspondingly configured dual-axis electronic level 300 is set at the measurement position 224 with either of the two measuring axes set along either the first direction H1 or the second direction H2; the tilt angle data of the first plane 221 relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction H1 is obtained through the configured dual-axis electronic level 300. The tilt angle data of the first plane 221 relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction H2 ; The laser rangefinder 200 is installed in the mounting position 222 corresponding to the first through hole 223a. The first distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder 200. ; The laser rangefinder 200 is installed in the mounting position 222 corresponding to the second through hole 223b. The second distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder 200. ; Install the corresponding laser rangefinder 200 in the mounting position 222 corresponding to the third through hole 223c, and obtain the third distance data through the installed laser rangefinder 200. ; The laser rangefinder 200 with the corresponding configuration is installed in the mounting position 222 corresponding to the central through hole 223e. The fourth distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder 200. ; The fourth measurement step S23 includes: For the One monitoring point, when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the second state: Install the corresponding laser rangefinder 200 in the mounting position 222 corresponding to the central through hole 223e, and obtain the fifth distance data through the installed laser rangefinder 200. ; The second correction step S24 includes: Prepare a second computer device 410, which is equipped with a second data acquisition module 411, a second calculation module 413, and a second output module 415. The second data acquisition module 411 is connected to the laser range sensor 200 and the dual-axis electronic level 300 corresponding to the four monitoring positions. For the One monitoring point: The second data acquisition module 411 acquires tilt angle data when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the first state. , ; Obtain distance data when turbine cylinder 30 is in the first state , , , Obtain distance data when turbine cylinder 30 is in the second state. ; Obtain the first distance between the center of the first through hole 223a and the center of the second through hole 223b. and the second spacing between the center of the first through hole 223a and the center of the third through hole 223c. ; The second calculation module 413 performs the following calculation steps: When the turbine cylinder 30 is in the first state, based on the acquired distance data , and tilt angle data Using the formula

[0084] , Calculations were performed to obtain , obtained That is, when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the first state, the first The tilt angle of the second plane 41 at each monitoring position relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction H1; Based on the obtained distance data , and tilt angle data Using the formula: , Calculations were performed to obtain , obtained That is, when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the first state, the tilt angle of the second plane 41 relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction H2; When the turbine cylinder 30 is in the second state, the distance data obtained when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the first state is used... Tilt angle data , The calculated tilt angle data , And the distance data when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the second state. Using the formula: , Calculations were performed to obtain the first... Calculation results of each monitoring point , When the turbine cylinder 30 is in the second state, the first The cylinder opening height at each monitoring position; The second output module 415 is used to output the value when the turbine cylinder 30 is in the second state. Location information and calculation results of each monitoring point .

[0085] In some embodiments, the second output module 415 can be a display module, used to output the output of the turbine cylinder 30 in the second state in a display manner. Location information and calculation results of each monitoring point .

[0086] In some embodiments, The second computer device 410 may further include a third computing module 414 for use based on , The height difference between the mating surface 323 of the upper cylinder block 32 and the mating surface 343 of the lower cylinder block 34, measured at all monitoring positions, was calculated. .

[0087] The second computer device 410 may also include an early warning module 616 for judgment. Does it exceed the threshold for cylinder height difference? If the limit is exceeded, an alarm will be triggered.

[0088] It is understandable that, in some embodiments, based on Figure 7 and Figure 8 The second type of monitoring auxiliary component 100 shown forms a second type of monitoring device 10. The detection method for simultaneously monitoring cylinder opening height at four monitoring positions based on the second type of monitoring device 10 differs from the detection method for simultaneously monitoring cylinder opening height at four monitoring positions based on the first type of monitoring device 10 only in the fourth distance data. and fifth distance data The steps to obtain it.

[0089] Since the second type of monitoring auxiliary component 100 does not have the central through-hole 223e, any one of the first through-hole 223a, the second through-hole 223b, or the third through-hole 223c can be used to replace the central through-hole 223e to obtain the fourth distance data. and fifth distance data In other words, in the above monitoring methods, the fourth distance data and fifth distance data It can be obtained through any one of the through holes 223a, 223b, and 223c. For example, the fourth distance data. and fifth distance data It is obtained through the first through hole 223a. This is the first distance data. .

[0090] It should be understood that the singular forms "a," "the," and "the" used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The expressions "having," "may have," "comprising," and "including," or "may include" and "may contain," used herein may indicate the presence of a corresponding feature, but do not exclude the presence of additional features. It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in this application to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined without conflict.

[0091] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An auxiliary component for monitoring the opening height of a steam turbine cylinder, the steam turbine cylinder comprising an upper cylinder body and a lower cylinder body, the upper cylinder body having multiple bolt holes and multiple nut clamping surfaces, each bolt hole corresponding to a nut clamping surface, each nut clamping surface being arranged around the corresponding bolt hole when the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are in a coupled state, the lower cylinder body having multiple bolts, the upper cylinder body being disposed on the lower cylinder body with the bolts passing through the bolt holes; characterized in that... The monitoring auxiliary components include: The cylindrical body and the reflector; among which, The cylinder body can be connected to the nut clamping surface; the cylinder body includes a connected cylinder wall and a cylinder top, the cylinder wall and cylinder top enclosing a hollow space; when the turbine cylinder is in the closed state and the cylinder body is set on the nut clamping surface, the cylinder body can cover the end of the bolt in the hollow space; the cylinder top includes a first plane away from the cylinder wall; the first plane forms at least four mounting positions for fixing laser ranging sensors, each mounting position on the cylinder top has a through hole for accommodating laser light, and the cylinder top has at least four through holes; each mounting position is used to align a laser ranging sensor with the laser measurement origin and the through hole, the output beam axis is perpendicular to the first plane, and the laser measurement origin is... The vertical distance to the surface of the first plane is the distance from the first point to the surface, and it is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder; the at least four through holes include a central through hole located in the central region of the first plane, and a first through hole, a second through hole, and a third through hole located in the region outside the central region of the first plane. The first through hole and the second through hole are arranged along a first direction, and the first through hole and the third through hole are arranged along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to the first plane; the first plane is also provided with a measuring position for fixing a dual-axis electronic level; the measuring position is used to fix the dual-axis electronic level in the measuring position such that either of the two measuring axes is set along either the first direction or the second direction; The reflector can be connected to the top surface of the bolt; the projected area of ​​the reflector on the top surface of the bolt is smaller than the area of ​​the top surface of the bolt; each of the reflectors has a second plane; when the cylinder is connected to the nut clamping surface and a laser rangefinder is installed at the mounting position, the second plane can be used to reflect the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder.

2. The monitoring auxiliary component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder wall includes an open end and a wall portion connected together; the inner diameter of the open end is larger than the inner diameter of the nut clamping surface, and the outer diameter of the open end is smaller than the outer diameter of the nut clamping surface; of the open end, the wall portion, and the top of the cylinder, at least the open end is made of a magnetic material, or at least the open end has a built-in magnet, so that the cylinder wall can be magnetically attracted to the nut clamping surface through the open end and disposed on the upper cylinder body.

3. The auxiliary component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reflector is made of a magnetic material, or the reflector has a built-in magnet, and is disposed on the lower cylinder body in such a way that the reflector is magnetically attracted to the top surface of the bolt.

4. The monitoring auxiliary component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least four through holes also include a fourth through hole; The fourth through hole, together with the first through hole, the second through hole, and the third through hole, forms a rectangle; the fourth through hole is located outside the central region of the first plane.

5. The monitoring auxiliary component according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The top of the cylinder is provided with an outer groove and multiple inner grooves; the outer groove is the measuring position; the inner grooves are the mounting positions. The outer groove is recessed in the first plane; at least a portion of the sidewall of the outer groove matches the sidewall of the dual-axis electronic level, so that either of the two mutually perpendicular measuring axes of the dual-axis electronic level is set along the first direction or the second direction. The plurality of internal grooves include a plurality of grooves recessed into the bottom surface of the external groove; each of the internal grooves has a through hole on its bottom surface; The shape and size of each of the internal grooves are matched with the shape and size of the laser rangefinder, so that the laser rangefinder can be fixed to the top of the cylinder by engaging with the internal groove, and when the laser rangefinder is engaged with an internal groove, the laser measurement origin of the laser rangefinder coincides with the center of the through hole of the internal groove.

6. The monitoring auxiliary component according to claim 5, characterized in that, The distance between the center of the first through hole and the center of the second through hole is the first spacing, and the distance between the center of the first through hole and the center of the third through hole is the second spacing. The first spacing is equal to the second spacing.

7. An auxiliary component for monitoring the opening height of a steam turbine cylinder, the steam turbine cylinder comprising an upper cylinder body and a lower cylinder body, the upper cylinder body having multiple bolt holes and multiple nut clamping surfaces, each bolt hole corresponding to a nut clamping surface, each nut clamping surface being arranged around the corresponding bolt hole when the upper cylinder body and the lower cylinder body are in a coupled state, the lower cylinder body having multiple bolts, and the upper cylinder body being disposed on the lower cylinder body with the bolts passing through the bolt holes; characterized in that... The monitoring auxiliary components include: a cylindrical body and a reflector; wherein, The cylinder body can be connected to the nut clamping surface; the cylinder body includes a connected cylinder wall and a cylinder top, the cylinder wall and cylinder top enclosing a hollow space; when the turbine cylinder is in the closed state and the cylinder body is set on the nut clamping surface, the cylinder body can cover the end of the bolt in the hollow space; the cylinder top includes a first plane away from the cylinder wall; the first plane has at least three mounting positions for installing laser ranging sensors, each mounting position on the cylinder top has a through hole for accommodating laser light, and the cylinder top has three through holes; each mounting position... A laser ranging sensor is fixedly mounted on the top of the cylinder in such a manner that the laser measurement origin is aligned with the through-hole, the emitted beam axis is perpendicular to the first plane, and the vertical distance from the laser measurement origin to the plane containing the first plane is the first point-to-plane distance. The three through-holes include a first through-hole, a second through-hole, and a third through-hole located on the first plane. The first and second through-holes are arranged along a first direction, and the first and third through-holes are arranged along a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to the first plane. The first plane also has a measuring position for placing at least one electronic level. The reflector can be connected to the top surface of the bolt; the projected area of ​​the reflector on the top surface of the bolt is smaller than the area of ​​the top surface of the bolt; each of the reflectors has a second plane; when the cylinder is connected to the nut clamping surface and a laser rangefinder is installed at the mounting position, the second plane can be used to reflect the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder.

8. A device for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine, comprising: Monitoring auxiliary components as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; At least one laser ranging sensor; when installed in a mounting position with the laser measurement origin aligned with a through hole, the emitted beam axis perpendicular to a first plane, and the vertical distance from the laser measurement origin to the plane of the first plane as the first point-to-surface distance, and when installed in the turbine cylinder with the reflector connected to the top surface of the bolt and the cylinder connected to the nut clamping surface, each laser ranging sensor can emit a laser towards the second plane to form a reflection point, thereby obtaining the distance data between the laser measurement origin and the reflection point; and A dual-axis electronic level; the dual-axis electronic level includes two mutually perpendicular measuring axes; when the reflector is connected to the top surface of the bolt and the cylinder is connected to the nut clamping surface, the dual-axis electronic level can be set at the measuring position with either of the two measuring axes set along either the first direction or the second direction, thereby obtaining the tilt angle data of the first plane relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction and the tilt angle data of the first plane relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction.

9. A method for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine, characterized in that, The monitoring method is implemented based on the monitoring device described in claim 8; The turbine cylinder's state before it is opened is referred to as the first state, and the state at any moment during the opening process of the turbine cylinder is referred to as the second state; the turbine cylinder includes multiple monitoring positions, each monitoring position including a bolt and a corresponding nut clamping surface; the multiple monitoring positions are distributed around the turbine cylinder; the monitoring method includes: First installation step: The monitoring auxiliary component is installed at one of the monitoring positions with the reflector connected to the top surface of the bolt and the cylinder connected to the clamping surface of the nut. First measurement step: When the turbine cylinder is in the first state: The dual-axis electronic level is positioned at the measurement location with either of its two measuring axes aligned along either the first or second direction. Using the positioned dual-axis electronic level, the tilt angle data of the first plane relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction is obtained. The tilt angle data of the first plane relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction ; The laser rangefinder is installed at the mounting position corresponding to the first through hole, and the first distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder. ; The laser rangefinder is installed at the mounting position corresponding to the second through hole, and the second distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder. ; The laser rangefinder is installed at the mounting position corresponding to the third through hole, and the third distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder. ; The laser rangefinder sensor is installed at the mounting position corresponding to the central through hole, and the fourth distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; Second measurement step: When the turbine cylinder is in the second state: the laser rangefinder is installed at the mounting position corresponding to the central through hole, and the fifth distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder. ; First calibration step: Prepare a first computer device, which is configured with a first data acquisition module, a first calculation module and a first output module; The first data acquisition module, through a communication connection with the dual-axis electronic level, acquires tilt angle data when the turbine cylinder is in the first state. , By communicating with the laser ranging sensor, distance data is obtained when the turbine cylinder is in the first state. , , , Obtain distance data when the turbine cylinder is in the second state. ; Obtain the first distance between the center of the first through hole and the center of the second through hole. and the second spacing between the center of the first through hole and the center of the third through hole. ; The first calculation module performs the following calculation steps: When the turbine cylinder is in the first state, based on the acquired distance data , and tilt angle data Using the formula: ， Calculations were performed to obtain , obtained That is, when the turbine cylinder is in the first state, the tilt angle of the second plane relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction; Based on the obtained distance data , and tilt angle data Using the formula: ， Calculations were performed to obtain , obtained That is, when the turbine cylinder is in the first state, the tilt angle of the second plane relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction; When the turbine cylinder is in the second state, the distance data obtained when the turbine cylinder is in the first state is used... Tilt angle data , The calculated tilt angle data , And the distance data of the steam turbine cylinder when it is in the second state. Using the formula: ， Calculations are performed to obtain the results for the monitored position. , The cylinder opening height at the monitoring position when the turbine cylinder is in the second state; The first output module is used to output the position information of the monitoring position and the calculation result of the monitoring position when the turbine cylinder is in the second state. .

10. A method for monitoring the cylinder opening height of a steam turbine, characterized in that, The monitoring method is implemented based on the monitoring device described in claim 8; The turbine cylinder's state before it is opened is referred to as the first state, and the state at any moment during the opening process of the turbine cylinder is referred to as the second state; the turbine cylinder includes multiple monitoring positions, each monitoring position including a bolt and a corresponding nut clamping surface; the multiple monitoring positions are distributed around the turbine cylinder; the monitoring method includes: Second installation step: Prepare four sets of monitoring devices, select four monitoring positions, and locate the four monitoring positions around the turbine cylinder; configure one monitoring device for each monitoring position; for the first... The aforementioned monitoring positions. ; The corresponding monitoring auxiliary components are installed at the monitoring position with the reflector connected to the top surface of the bolt and the cylinder connected to the nut clamping surface. Third measurement step: For the The monitoring position, when the turbine cylinder is in the first state: The correspondingly configured dual-axis electronic level is set at the measurement position with either of the two measuring axes aligned along either the first or second direction; the tilt angle data of the first plane relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction is obtained using the configured dual-axis electronic level. The tilt angle data of the first plane relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction ; The laser rangefinder sensor, configured accordingly, is installed at the mounting position corresponding to the first through hole. First distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; The laser rangefinder sensor configured accordingly is installed at the mounting position corresponding to the second through hole, and the second distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; The laser rangefinder sensor with the corresponding configuration is installed at the mounting position corresponding to the third through hole, and the third distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; The laser rangefinder sensor with the corresponding configuration is installed at the mounting position corresponding to the central through hole, and the fourth distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; Fourth measurement step: For the The aforementioned monitoring position, when the turbine cylinder is in the second state: The laser rangefinder sensor with the corresponding configuration is installed at the mounting position corresponding to the central through hole, and the fifth distance data is obtained through the installed laser rangefinder sensor. ; Second calibration step: Prepare a second computer device, which is configured with a second data acquisition module, a second calculation module, and a second output module; the second data acquisition module is communicatively connected to the laser rangefinder and the dual-axis electronic level corresponding to the four monitoring positions. For the The aforementioned monitoring positions. The second data acquisition module acquires tilt angle data when the turbine cylinder is in the first state. , ; Obtain distance data when the turbine cylinder is in the first state , , , Obtain distance data when the turbine cylinder is in the second state. ; Obtain the first distance between the center of the first through hole and the center of the second through hole. and the second spacing between the center of the first through hole and the center of the third through hole. ; The second calculation module performs the following calculation steps: When the turbine cylinder is in the first state, based on the acquired distance data , and tilt angle data Using the formula: ， Calculations were performed to obtain , obtained That is, when the turbine cylinder is in the first state, the first... The tilt angle of the second plane at the monitoring position relative to the horizontal plane in the first direction; Based on the obtained distance data , and tilt angle data Using the formula: ， Calculations were performed to obtain , obtained That is, when the turbine cylinder is in the first state, the tilt angle of the second plane relative to the horizontal plane in the second direction; When the turbine cylinder is in the second state, the distance data obtained when the turbine cylinder is in the first state is used... Tilt angle data , The calculated tilt angle data , And distance data when the turbine cylinder is in the second state. Using the formula: ， Calculations were performed to obtain the first... Calculation results of the monitoring positions , When the turbine cylinder is in the second state The cylinder opening height at the monitoring position; The second output module is used to output the first state when the turbine cylinder is in the second state. Location information and calculation results of the monitoring positions .

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