A temperature control method and system based on hysteresis control self-tuning PID parameters
By using hysteresis control to self-tune PID parameters, combined with dynamic power adjustment and center point compensation, the problems of oscillation center offset and complex debugging in traditional PID control are solved, achieving high-precision and fast-response temperature control.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 迈睿捷(南京)半导体科技有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
In traditional PID control methods, the offset of the oscillation center leads to inaccurate parameter tuning, insufficient control precision, complex and time-consuming debugging, and the inability of the oscillation loop to coincide with the center point, affecting the temperature control accuracy and efficiency.
A self-tuning PID parameter method based on hysteresis control is adopted. By using a dynamic power adjustment strategy and a center point compensation mechanism, the PID control algorithm is improved to adjust the heating power and compensate for errors in real time, thereby achieving precise temperature control.
It achieves high-precision temperature control at the ±0.05℃ level, reduces debugging time and complexity, improves system response speed and stability, adapts to different heat dissipation conditions, and significantly improves control accuracy and consistency.
Smart Images
Figure CN121143528B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of temperature control technology, and in particular to a temperature control method and system based on hysteresis control for self-tuning PID parameters. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, temperature control technology mainly relies on traditional PID control algorithms, and parameter tuning is usually calculated using empirical methods (such as the Ziegler-Nichols method). Using this method for PID tuning requires the control system to form constant-amplitude oscillations near the target temperature. However, most systems are constrained by the cooling rate, making it difficult to form constant-amplitude oscillations at the temperature control point; the center point of the oscillation is often higher than the temperature control point.
[0003] Traditional PID control has the following technical problems: (1) Oscillation center offset: When using the traditional self-tuning method, the system characteristic measurement adopts hysteresis control to perform constant amplitude oscillation. The center point of the oscillation loop is subject to the influence of the system heat dissipation power and is often higher than the temperature control point, resulting in inaccurate tuning of PID controller parameters. (2) Insufficient control accuracy: The error value used in traditional PID control, after being substituted into the calculation, often results in a control temperature that is lower than the set temperature, affecting the accuracy of the control temperature and the control time; (3) Complex and time-consuming debugging: To obtain the optimal PID controller parameter tuning value, it is often necessary to adjust the output power of the hysteresis control multiple times to obtain the constant amplitude oscillation loop based on the target temperature control point, which increases the debugging complexity and time cost. (4) Influence of center point deviation: If the center point of the oscillating loop cannot be made to coincide with the temperature control point, the output effect of the PID will deviate from the target temperature control, affecting the control accuracy. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a temperature control method and system based on hysteresis control and self-tuning of PID parameters. This solves the problems of traditional PID control methods, such as oscillation center shift caused by system heat dissipation power, insufficient control accuracy due to the introduction of predetermined errors, complex and time-consuming debugging due to the need for multiple adjustments of output power, and temperature control deviation caused by the inability of the oscillation loop and the center point to coincide.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a temperature control method based on hysteresis control and self-tuning PID parameters, comprising the following steps: S1. Initialize the temperature control system, set the target temperature, configure the hysteresis control parameters, and initialize the PID controller parameters; S2. Based on the deviation between the current temperature and the target temperature, a dynamic power adjustment strategy is designed to achieve dynamic adjustment of the control power. Based on this strategy, a hysteresis control method is used to conduct an oscillation test on the temperature control system to obtain the center point temperature and oscillation amplitude of the oscillation loop. S3. Using the Ziegler-Nichols method as the initial PID control algorithm, the initial self-tuning of the PID controller parameters is achieved; S4. Design a center point compensation mechanism. This mechanism calculates the deviation compensation signal between the center point temperature of the oscillating loop and the target temperature, which is used to improve the initial PID control algorithm. S5. Combining dynamic power adjustment strategy and center point compensation mechanism, improve the initial PID control algorithm to realize PID controller parameter self-tuning based on hysteresis control, and perform real-time temperature control cycle. In each cycle, adjust the heating power according to the control output. S6. Perform abnormal handling on the temperature control system, including temperature sensor fault detection, control output limiting protection, oscillation detection, parameter adaptive adjustment, and communication abnormal handling.
[0006] Furthermore, in step S1, the specific process includes the following steps: S11. The configuration of hysteresis control parameters includes configuring the hysteresis width and control period; S12. The initialization of PID controller parameters includes initializing the proportional coefficient, integral coefficient, and derivative coefficient.
[0007] Furthermore, in step S2, the specific process includes the following steps: S21. Design a dynamic power adjustment strategy: When |T_current - T_target| > 2A, the control power is increased to 60%-80%; When |T_current - T_target| enters the ±0.5℃ range, the control power drops to 30%-50%; In the above formula, T_current is the current temperature, T_target is the target temperature, and A is the oscillation amplitude; S22. Based on the designed dynamic power adjustment strategy, conduct an oscillation test on the temperature control system, record the oscillation process, and obtain the center point temperature and oscillation amplitude of the oscillation loop.
[0008] Furthermore, in step S3, the specific process includes the following steps: S31. Determine the critical gain Kc: ; In the above formula, A is the oscillation amplitude, and the control power is 30%-50%; S32. Determine the critical period Tc: ; The oscillation period in the above formula is calculated by sampling the temperature data of the center point of the oscillation ring; S33. Calculate the proportional coefficient, integral coefficient, and differential coefficient based on the critical gain and oscillation period.
[0009] Furthermore, in step S4, the specific process includes the following steps: S41. Calculate the temperature deviation between the center temperature T_center and the target temperature T_target of the oscillating ring; S42. The calculated temperature deviation is used as the deviation compensation signal. The formula for the above process is described as follows: .
[0010] Furthermore, in step S5, the specific process includes the following steps: S51. Read the current temperature sensor data and obtain the current temperature T_current; S52. Determine the control power based on the dynamic power adjustment strategy; S53. Calculate the current error based on the center point temperature T_center and the current temperature T_current of the oscillating ring. : ; S54. Based on the current error The compensation error, compensated_error, is calculated using the deviation compensation signal. ; S55. Improve and execute the initial PID control algorithm, and calculate the control output at time t. : ; In the above formula, express Differentiate with respect to t, Indicates to Integrate from time 0 to time t; S56, Calculated control output As a control signal, it is used to adjust the heating power; S57. Update the integral error and derivative error, and record the current error for use in calculating the control output in the next cycle; S58. In real-time temperature control, steps S51-S57 are executed cyclically to achieve temperature control by the temperature control system.
[0011] Furthermore, in step S6, the specific process includes the following steps: S61. The temperature sensor fault detection detects whether the sampled value of the temperature sensor meets the expectations, ensuring that the correct current temperature T_current, the center point temperature of the oscillation loop T_center, and the target temperature T_target are obtained during the PID controller parameter tuning process. S62. The control output limiting protection limits the maximum control output when the temperature control system is heating, thereby limiting the heating power and ensuring the safety of the test. S63. The oscillation detection, after the oscillation test in step S2 is completed, detects whether the value of the oscillation loop is within a predefined adjacent range; S64. The parameter adaptive adjustment involves first heating with high control power and then oscillating with the set control power during PID controller parameter self-tuning to reduce the time required for the entire PID controller parameter self-tuning process.
[0012] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a temperature control system based on hysteresis control self-tuning PID parameters, comprising: a temperature sensor, a PID controller, a heater, and a control unit; the control unit is configured to execute a temperature control method based on hysteresis control self-tuning PID parameters.
[0013] By employing the above technical solution, the present invention provides a temperature control method and system based on hysteresis control and self-tuning PID parameters, which has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention makes precise adjustment by compensating for the deviation between the center point temperature of the oscillation ring and the target temperature, providing a flexible parameter adjustment space for different application scenarios, and effectively eliminating the temperature deviation in traditional PID control, achieving high-precision temperature control at the ±0.05℃ level. (2) The present invention adopts a dynamic power adjustment strategy in the hysteresis oscillation test stage to dynamically adjust the hysteresis control power according to the temperature deviation, thereby improving the system response speed and stability. Moreover, the temperature control system does not need to adjust the hysteresis control parameters multiple times to obtain the constant amplitude oscillation loop based on the target temperature control point, which significantly reduces the debugging time and complexity. (3) By designing a dynamic power adjustment strategy and a center point compensation mechanism, this invention improves the traditional PID control algorithm, reduces the overshoot and settling time of temperature control, achieves faster steady-state temperature control, makes the temperature control system tolerant of the center point offset of the hysteresis loop, improves the system's adaptability to different heat dissipation conditions and environmental changes, effectively solves the problem of the control temperature being lower than the set temperature in traditional PID control, and improves the control accuracy. Attached Figure Description
[0014] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of this application and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a temperature control method based on hysteresis control for self-tuning PID parameters according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0015] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This will allow for a full understanding of how the present application uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects, and to facilitate its implementation.
[0016] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.
[0017] Please refer to Figure 1 This illustration shows a specific implementation of the present embodiment. This embodiment introduces the designed dynamic power adjustment strategy during the hysteresis oscillation test stage, and improves the traditional PID control algorithm based on the center point compensation mechanism and the dynamic power adjustment strategy. This effectively eliminates the control deviation caused by the offset of the oscillation loop center point, enabling the temperature control system to dynamically adjust the hysteresis control power according to the temperature deviation, thereby improving the system response speed and stability. Furthermore, accurate PID tuning parameters can be obtained without multiple adjustments to the hysteresis control parameters, significantly simplifying the debugging process.
[0018] Please refer to Figure 1 This embodiment proposes a temperature control method based on hysteresis control and self-tuning of PID parameters. The method includes the following steps: S1. Initialize the temperature control system, set the target temperature T_target, configure the hysteresis control parameters, and initialize the PID controller parameters; As a preferred embodiment of step S1, the specific process includes the following steps: S11. The configuration of hysteresis control parameters includes configuring hysteresis width, control period, etc. S12. The initialization of PID controller parameters includes initializing the proportional coefficient Kp, integral coefficient Ki, and derivative coefficient Kd.
[0019] S2. Based on the deviation between the current temperature and the target temperature, a dynamic power adjustment strategy is designed to achieve dynamic adjustment of the control power. Based on this strategy, a hysteresis control method is used to conduct an oscillation test on the temperature control system to obtain the center point temperature and oscillation amplitude of the oscillation loop. As a preferred embodiment of step S2, the specific process includes the following steps: S21. Design a dynamic power adjustment strategy: When |T_current - T_target| > 2A, the control power is increased to 60%-80%; When |T_current - T_target| enters the ±0.5℃ range, the control power drops to 30%-50%; In the above formula, T_current is the current temperature, T_target is the target temperature, and A is the oscillation amplitude; In this embodiment, the hysteresis loop width during the oscillation test is set to 0.1°C; S22. Based on the designed dynamic power adjustment strategy, conduct oscillation tests, record the oscillation process, and obtain the center point temperature T_center of the oscillation ring and the oscillation amplitude temperature control system A.
[0020] In this embodiment, by adopting a dynamic power adjustment strategy during the hysteresis oscillation test stage, the hysteresis control power is dynamically adjusted according to the temperature deviation, thereby improving the system response speed and stability. Furthermore, the temperature control system does not need to adjust the hysteresis control parameters multiple times to obtain a constant amplitude oscillation loop based on the target temperature control point, significantly reducing debugging time and complexity.
[0021] S3. Using the Ziegler-Nichols method as the initial PID control algorithm, the initial self-tuning of the PID controller parameters is achieved; As a preferred embodiment of step S3, the specific process includes the following steps: S31. Determine the critical gain Kc: ; In the above formula, A is the oscillation amplitude, and the control power is 30%-50%; S32. Determine the critical period Tc: ; The oscillation period in the above formula is calculated by sampling the temperature data of the center point of the oscillation ring. Specifically, during oscillation, the temperature data of the center point of the oscillation ring is continuously sampled and recorded, with a sampling time of 20ms. The oscillation period is calculated as: (time from the previous lowest temperature point to the next lowest temperature point + time from the previous highest temperature point to the next highest temperature point) / 2 during the oscillation period. S33. Calculate the proportional coefficient Kp, integral coefficient Ki, and differential coefficient Kd based on the critical gain and oscillation period: ; ; ; S4. Design a center point compensation mechanism. This mechanism calculates the deviation compensation signal between the center point temperature of the oscillating loop and the target temperature, which is used to improve the initial PID control algorithm. As a preferred embodiment of step S4, the specific process includes the following steps: S41. Calculate the temperature deviation between the center temperature T_center and the target temperature T_target of the oscillating ring; S42. The calculated temperature deviation is used as the deviation compensation signal. The formula for the above process is described as follows: .
[0022] In this embodiment, precise adjustment is achieved by compensating for the deviation between the center point temperature of the oscillation loop and the target temperature, providing a flexible parameter adjustment space for different application scenarios, and effectively eliminating the temperature deviation in traditional PID control, thus achieving high-precision temperature control at the ±0.05℃ level.
[0023] S5. Combining dynamic power adjustment strategy and center point compensation mechanism, improve the initial PID control algorithm to realize PID controller parameter self-tuning based on hysteresis control, and perform real-time temperature control cycle. In each cycle, adjust the heating power according to the control output. As a preferred embodiment of step S5, the specific process includes the following steps: S51. Read the current temperature sensor data and obtain the current temperature T_current; S52. Determine the control power based on the dynamic power adjustment strategy; S53. Calculate the current error based on the center point temperature T_center and the current temperature T_current of the oscillating ring. : ; S54. Based on the current error The compensation error, compensated_error, is calculated using the deviation compensation signal. ; S55. Improve and execute the initial PID control algorithm, and calculate the control output at time t. : ; In the above formula, express Differentiate with respect to t, Indicates to Integrate from time 0 to time t; S56, Calculated control output As a control signal, it is used to adjust the heating power; S57. Update the integral error and differential error, and store the current error. The integral error is denoted as error; the obtained integral error and differential error are used to calculate the control output in the next cycle; the integral error The update method is as follows: ; The stored current error is used to update the error parameter prev_error from the previous cycle stored in the temperature control system. ; The updated error parameter prev_error is used for error calculation in the next loop. S58. In real-time temperature control, steps S51-S57 are executed cyclically to achieve temperature control by the temperature control system.
[0024] In this embodiment, the temperature control system executes an improved PID control algorithm through a designed dynamic power adjustment strategy and center point compensation mechanism, reducing the overshoot and settling time of temperature control, achieving faster steady-state temperature control, and enabling the temperature control system to tolerate the offset of the oscillation loop center point of hysteresis oscillation. This improves the system's adaptability to different heat dissipation conditions and environmental changes, effectively solves the problem of the controlled temperature being lower than the set temperature in traditional PID control, and improves control accuracy.
[0025] S6. Perform abnormal handling on the temperature control system, including temperature sensor fault detection, control output limiting protection, oscillation detection, parameter adaptive adjustment, and communication abnormal handling. As a preferred embodiment of step S6, the specific process includes the following steps: S61. The temperature sensor fault detection detects whether the sampled value of the temperature sensor meets the expectations, ensuring that the correct current temperature T_current, the center point temperature of the oscillation loop T_center, and the target temperature T_target are obtained during the PID controller parameter tuning process. S62. The control output limiting protection limits the maximum control output when the temperature control system is heating, thereby limiting the heating power and ensuring the safety of the test. S63. The oscillation detection, after the oscillation test in step S2 is completed, detects whether the value of the oscillation ring is within a predefined adjacent range. Specifically, it performs three consecutive oscillations, and then takes the values of the last two oscillation rings for calculation to ensure the uniformity of the oscillation ring oscillation. S64. The parameter adaptive adjustment involves first heating with high control power and then oscillating with the set control power during PID controller parameter self-tuning to reduce the time required for the entire PID controller parameter self-tuning process.
[0026] This application also provides a temperature control system based on hysteresis control and self-tuning of PID parameters, including: a temperature sensor, a PID controller, a heater, and a control unit; the control unit is configured to execute the temperature control method based on hysteresis control and self-tuning of PID parameters.
[0027] This application also provides a technical effect verification method. The following are comparative experimental data of the improved PID control method based on this application and the traditional PID control method (i.e., compensated PID vs. uncompensated PID) to verify the technical effect obtained by using the method of this invention: (1) Comparison of experimental conditions Target temperature setting: 100℃ Sampling interval: 91ms Number of compensated PID data points: 8334 Number of uncompensated PID data points: 7753 Test environment: Same test conditions (2) Comparative analysis of control accuracy Compensated PID (method of this invention): Steady-state control accuracy: ±0.05℃ (actual data range: 99.99℃ - 100.05℃) Steady-state fluctuation range: ±0.03℃ (99.97℃ - 100.03℃) Steady-state standard deviation: 0.008℃ Uncompensated PID (traditional method): Steady-state control accuracy: ±0.2℃ (actual data range: 99.69℃ - 100.18℃) Steady-state fluctuation range: ±0.15℃ (99.85℃ - 100.15℃) Steady-state standard deviation: 0.025℃ Precision improvement effect: Improvement in control accuracy: 75% (from ±0.2℃ to ±0.05℃) Steady-state fluctuations decreased by 80% (from ±0.15℃ to ±0.03℃). Improvement in standard deviation: 68% (from 0.025℃ to 0.008℃) (3) Comparative analysis of response characteristics Compensated PID (method of this invention): Heating process: from 37℃ to 100℃, the total time is about 12 minutes. Overshoot: Maximum overshoot is approximately 2.6℃ (102.6℃). Steady-state adjustment time: Approximately 3 minutes to enter the ±0.1℃ range. Uncompensated PID (traditional method): Heating process: from 96℃ to 100℃, the total time is about 10 minutes. Overshoot: Maximum overshoot is approximately 1.6℃ (101.6℃). Steady-state settling time: Approximately 4 minutes to reach the ±0.1℃ range. Improved response characteristics: Steady-state settling time: reduced by 25% (from 4 minutes to 3 minutes). Control stability: Significantly improved, oscillations reduced. (4) Comparative analysis of steady-state stability Compensated PID Long-term stability: After continuous operation for more than 12 minutes, temperature fluctuations remain within ±0.05℃. Temperature drift: minimal, virtually no drift. Control consistency: High, good repeatability Uncompensated PID (traditional method): Long-term stability: Significant temperature fluctuations and noticeable drift. Temperature drift: There is a drift of approximately ±0.1℃. Control consistency: Generally, fluctuations exist. Improved stability: Long-term stability: Significantly improved Temperature drift: Reduced by more than 90% Control consistency: Significantly improved (5) Dynamic characteristic analysis The dynamic power adjustment strategy works as follows: When the temperature deviation is large, the power is automatically increased to 70%, and then reduced to 40% when the target is approached, thus improving the response speed. System response speed: The rate of temperature change is controlled within a reasonable range to avoid overshoot and oscillation. (6) Comparison of comprehensive performance indicators The comparison of the comprehensive performance indicators analyzed above can be seen in Table 1.
[0028] Table 1. Comparison of comprehensive performance indicators between uncompensated PID (traditional method) and compensated PID (method of this invention) in this embodiment. Control precision ±0.2℃ ±0.05℃ 75% increase steady-state fluctuations ±0.15℃ ±0.03℃ Reduce by 80% steady-state settling time 4 minutes 3 minutes shorten by 25% Temperature drift ±0.1℃ <±0.01℃ Reduce by 90% Control Consistency generally excellent Significant improvement ; (7) Summary of technical advantages This invention, through its innovative compensation mechanism and dynamic power adjustment strategy, surpasses traditional PID control methods in that: Control accuracy is improved by 75%, reaching a high precision of ±0.05℃. Steady-state stability is improved by 80%, significantly reducing temperature fluctuations; Response speed improved by 25%, reaching steady state faster; Temperature drift is reduced by more than 90%, and long-term stability is excellent; The consistency of control is significantly improved, and the repeatability is good.
[0029] This invention effectively solves the accuracy problem in traditional PID temperature control, achieving high-precision, fast-response, stable and reliable temperature control, and has significant technological progress and practical value.
[0030] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of those different embodiments or examples.
[0031] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus or device).
[0032] The above embodiments provide a detailed description of the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
Claims
1. A temperature control method based on hysteresis control and self-tuning PID parameters, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Initialize the temperature control system, set the target temperature, configure the hysteresis control parameters, and initialize the PID controller parameters; S2. Based on the deviation between the current temperature and the target temperature, a dynamic power adjustment strategy is designed to achieve dynamic adjustment of the control power. Based on this strategy, a hysteresis control method is used to conduct an oscillation test on the temperature control system to obtain the center point temperature and oscillation amplitude of the oscillation loop. Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21. Design a dynamic power adjustment strategy: When |T_current - T_target| > 2A, the control power is increased to 60%-80%; When |T_current - T_target| enters the ±0.5℃ range, the control power drops to 30%-50%; In the above formula, T_current is the current temperature, T_target is the target temperature, and A is the oscillation amplitude; S22. Based on the designed dynamic power adjustment strategy, the temperature control system is subjected to oscillation test, the oscillation process is recorded, and the center point temperature and oscillation amplitude of the oscillation loop are obtained. S3. Using the Ziegler-Nichols method as the initial PID control algorithm, the initial self-tuning of the PID controller parameters is achieved; S4. Design a center point compensation mechanism. This mechanism calculates the deviation compensation signal between the center point temperature of the oscillating loop and the target temperature, which is used to improve the initial PID control algorithm. S5. Combining dynamic power adjustment strategy and center point compensation mechanism, improve the initial PID control algorithm to realize PID controller parameter self-tuning based on hysteresis control, and perform real-time temperature control cycle. In each cycle, adjust the heating power according to the control output. S6. Perform abnormal handling on the temperature control system, including temperature sensor fault detection, control output limiting protection, oscillation detection, parameter adaptive adjustment, and communication abnormal handling.
2. The temperature control method based on hysteresis control and self-tuning PID parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 specifically includes the following steps: S11. The configuration of hysteresis control parameters includes configuring the hysteresis width and control period; S12. The initialization of PID controller parameters includes initializing the proportional coefficient, integral coefficient, and derivative coefficient.
3. The temperature control method based on hysteresis control and self-tuning PID parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31. Determine the critical gain Kc: ； In the above formula, A is the oscillation amplitude, and the control power is 30%-50%; S32. Determine the critical period Tc: Tc = Oscillation period; The oscillation period in the above formula is calculated by sampling the temperature data of the center point of the oscillation ring; S33. Calculate the proportional coefficient, integral coefficient, and differential coefficient based on the critical gain and oscillation period.
4. The temperature control method based on hysteresis control and self-tuning PID parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41. Calculate the temperature deviation between the center temperature T_center and the target temperature T_target of the oscillating ring; S42. The calculated temperature deviation is used as the deviation compensation signal. The formula for the above process is described as follows: Deviation compensation signal = T_center - T_target.
5. The temperature control method based on hysteresis control and self-tuning PID parameters according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step S5 specifically includes the following steps: S51. Read the current temperature sensor data and obtain the current temperature T_current; S52. Determine the control power based on the dynamic power adjustment strategy; S53. Calculate the current error based on the center point temperature T_center and the current temperature T_current of the oscillating ring. : ； S54. Based on the current error The compensation error, compensated_error, is calculated using the deviation compensation signal. ； S55. Improve and execute the initial PID control algorithm, and calculate the control output at time t. : ； In the above formula, express right Differentiate, Indicates to From time 0 to time Integrate points; S56, Calculated control output As a control signal, it is used to adjust the heating power; S57. Update the integral error and derivative error, and record the current error for use in calculating the control output in the next cycle; S58. In real-time temperature control, steps S51-S57 are executed cyclically to achieve temperature control by the temperature control system.
6. The temperature control method based on hysteresis control and self-tuning PID parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S6 specifically includes the following steps: S61. The temperature sensor fault detection detects whether the sampled value of the temperature sensor meets the expectations, ensuring that the correct current temperature T_current, the center point temperature of the oscillation loop T_center, and the target temperature T_target are obtained during the PID controller parameter tuning process. S62. The control output limiting protection limits the maximum control output when the temperature control system is heating, thereby limiting the heating power and ensuring the safety of the test. S63. The oscillation detection, after the oscillation test in step S2 is completed, detects whether the value of the oscillation loop is within a predefined adjacent range; S64. The parameter adaptive adjustment involves first heating with high control power and then oscillating with the set control power during PID controller parameter self-tuning to reduce the time required for the entire PID controller parameter self-tuning process.
7. A temperature control system based on hysteresis control and self-tuning PID parameters, characterized in that, include: A temperature sensor, a PID controller, a heater, and a control unit; the control unit is configured to perform the temperature control method based on hysteresis control and self-tuning of PID parameters as described in any one of claims 1-6.