Straw returning machine with primary crushing and secondary crushing conversion operation

Abstract

The straw returning machine with primary and secondary pulverization conversion operation belongs to agricultural machinery; the active sprocket is fixed on the hammer claw type pickup pulverization cutter roll, the circular arc shaped through holes, screw holes I, II, III and IV are respectively arranged on the two symmetrical side plates, the guide column is hingedly installed on the frame assembly through the rear pin shaft, a plurality of fixed blades are fixed on the guide column, the positioning pin is inserted into the blind hole on the end face of the guide column through the circular arc shaped through hole, the locking bolt is inserted into the locking hole on the end face of the guide column through the screw hole II or III, the pulverization shaft is installed on the two side plates through the rotary center shaft, the shaft sleeve with the driving blade and the driven sprocket is rotatably sleeved on the pulverization shaft, the locking pin is inserted into the blind hole on the end face of the pulverization shaft through the screw hole I or IV, and the chain is sleeved on the driving and driven sprockets; the machine can select primary or secondary pulverization operation according to the physical characteristics of crop straw, has wide application range, high adaptability, high operation efficiency and good operation quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to agricultural machinery and mainly relates to a straw crushing and returning machine. Background Technology

[0002] Because returning crushed crop straw to the field can significantly increase the humus content of the soil, form soil aggregates, improve soil morphology, and benefit crop growth and development, returning crushed crop straw to the field has become one of the main methods for the comprehensive utilization of crop straw. Currently, most crop straw crushing and returning machines use a single hammer-claw type picking and crushing roller to perform a single crushing operation on the crop straw. However, years of practical experience have shown that due to the significant differences in the physical state of crop straw, including variations in stem thickness and strength, single-stage crushing is only suitable for some crop straw, basically meeting the crushing standards. For some crop straw, the required fineness cannot be achieved, necessitating secondary crushing. This not only results in poor applicability but also long operating cycles, low efficiency, and high operating costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art and, in light of the current practical needs for mechanized crop straw returning operations, to develop and design a straw returning machine that can switch between primary and secondary crushing operations, thereby achieving the goals of strong applicability, high operating efficiency, good operating quality, and low operating costs.

[0004] The purpose of this invention is achieved as follows: A drive sprocket is fixedly mounted on one end of a hammer-claw type picking and crushing roller; symmetrical arc-shaped through holes, screw holes II, III, I, and IV are respectively opened on two corresponding side plates; a guide column is hinged and suspended at the rear end of the frame assembly, in front of the guide plate, via a rear pin shaft, allowing it to rotate back and forth; multiple fixed blades are evenly distributed and fixed on the lower side of the guide column along the axial direction; the inner end of the positioning pin passes through the arc-shaped through hole on the side plate and is inserted into the blind hole on the end face of the guide column for positioning and engagement; a locking bolt passes through screw hole II or screw hole III on the side plate and is inserted into the end face of the guide column. The crushing shaft is rotatably and eccentrically supported on the two side plates, located below the front of the guide column, via the rotation center shaft. A bushing is axially and radially positioned and rotatably fitted on the crushing shaft. Multiple moving blades are evenly distributed and fixed on the outside of the bushing along the axial direction. The moving blades and fixed blades are interlocked and inserted or disengaged from each other. A driven sprocket is fixed on one end of the bushing, and a chain is fitted on the driven sprocket and the driving sprocket. The locking pin passes through the screw hole I or screw hole IV on the side plate and is inserted into the blind hole on the end face of the crushing shaft for locking. This completes the straw returning machine with primary crushing and secondary crushing conversion operations.

[0005] This invention creates a system that can convert between primary and secondary crushing structures to complete the crushing and returning of crop straw to the field, depending on the different physical states of the crop straw. It features a novel, unique, and reasonable structure, easy and convenient adjustment between primary and secondary crushing, strong applicability, high efficiency, good quality, and low cost, providing technical support for the crushing and returning of crop straw to the field. Attached Figure Description

[0006] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of a straw returning machine that can perform both primary and secondary crushing operations; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Left side view; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A sectional view; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure after the transmission sprocket has been disassembled. Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A bottom view.

[0007] Part number description in the image: 1. Frame assembly; 2. Guide plate; 3. Moving blade; 4. Fixed blade; 5. Rear pin; 6. Guide column; 7. Positioning pin; 8. Locking bolt; 9. Driven sprocket; 10. Crushing shaft; 11. Rotation center shaft; 12. Locking pin; 13. Drive sprocket; 14. Chain; 15. Hammer claw type picking crushing roller; 16. Bushing. 17. Flat plate; 18. Front pin shaft; 19. Side plate; 20. Screw hole IV; 21. Screw hole II; 22. Arc-shaped through hole; 23. Screw hole III; 24. Screw hole I; 25. Three-point suspension mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0008] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. A straw returning machine capable of primary and secondary crushing conversion includes a frame assembly 1. A three-point suspension mechanism 25 is installed on the upper front side of the frame assembly 1. A leveling plate 17 is hingedly mounted on the lower front side of the frame assembly 1 via a front pin 18, allowing it to swing back and forth. A guide plate 2 is installed on the rear end of the frame assembly 1. Two side plates 19 are correspondingly fixed to the left and right ends of the frame assembly 1. The two side plates 19 are positioned behind the leveling plate 17. A hammer-claw type picking and crushing roller 15 is rotatably supported and installed on the side. A drive sprocket 13 is fixedly installed on one end of the hammer-claw type picking and crushing roller 15. Circular arc-shaped through holes 22, screw holes II 21, screw holes III 23, screw holes I 24, and screw holes IV 20 are symmetrically opened on two corresponding side plates 19. A guide column 6 is hinged and suspended at the rear end of the frame assembly 1, in front of the guide plate 2, via a rear pin 5, allowing it to rotate back and forth. Multiple fixed... The blades 4 are evenly distributed and fixed on the lower side of the guide column 6 along the axial direction. The inner end of the positioning pin 7 passes through the arc-shaped through hole 22 on the side plate 19 and is inserted into the blind hole on the end face of the guide column 6 for positioning and engagement. The locking bolt 8 passes through the screw hole II 21 or screw hole III 23 on the side plate 19 and is inserted into the locking hole on the end face of the guide column 6. The crushing shaft 10 is rotatably and eccentrically supported on the two side plates 19, located below the front side of the guide column 6, by means of the rotation center shaft 11. A bushing 16 is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatable on the shaft 10. Multiple moving blades 3 are evenly distributed and fixed on the outside of the bushing 16 along the axial direction. The moving blades 3 and fixed blades 4 are interlocked or disengaged. A driven sprocket 9 is fixed on one end of the bushing 16. A chain 14 is fitted onto the driven sprocket 9 and the driving sprocket 13. A locking pin 12 passes through the screw hole I 24 or screw hole IV 20 on the side plate 19 and is inserted into a blind hole on the end face of the crushing shaft 10 for locking. During operation, the entire machine is suspended and connected to the rear of the traction power implement using the three-point suspension mechanism 25, and moves forward randomly. Before operation, select primary or secondary crushing according to the physical condition of the crop straw, and adjust the implement: ① Primary crushing (refer to the attached diagram in the instruction manual). Figure 4After disassembling chain 15, rotate crushing shaft 10 around the central axis 11. Locking pin 12 passes through screw hole I 24 on side plate 19 and is inserted into blind hole on end face of crushing shaft 10 for locking and positioning. Rotate guide column 6 around rear pin 5. After positioning pin 7 is engaged with arc-shaped through hole 22 for lower limit, lock bolt 8 passes through screw hole III 23 on side plate 19 and is inserted into blind locking hole on end face of guide column 6 for positioning. External rotational power drives hammer claw type picking crushing roller 15 to rotate counterclockwise, picking up and crushing crop straw on the land and throwing it from the top to the rear. After one crushing, the straw falls onto the field ground through the gap between guide column 6, front side of crushing shaft 10 and hammer claw type picking crushing roller 15, completing one crushing operation. ②, Secondary crushing operation (refer to the attached diagram in the instruction manual). Figure 3 The crushing shaft 10 is rotated around the central axis 11. The locking pin 12 passes through the screw hole IV 20 on the side plate 19 and is inserted into the blind hole on the end face of the crushing shaft 10 for locking and positioning. The guide column 6 is rotated around the rear pin 5. After the positioning pin 7 is engaged with the arc-shaped through hole 22 for limiting, the locking bolt 8 passes through the screw hole II 21 on the side plate 19 and is inserted into the locking blind hole on the end face of the guide column 6 for positioning. The chain 14 is fitted onto the driving sprocket 13 and the driven sprocket 9. At this time, the moving blade on the bushing 16... The fixed blades 4 on the guide column 6 and the hammer-claw type picking and crushing roller 15 are inserted in a staggered and interlocked manner. The external rotational power drives the hammer-claw type picking and crushing roller 15, which in turn drives the bushing 16 to rotate counterclockwise synchronously via the chain 14. After the first picking and crushing of the crop straw by the hammer-claw type picking and crushing roller 15, it is thrown into the part between the guide column 6 and the bushing 16. Under the shearing action of the moving blades 3 and the fixed blades 4, it undergoes a second crushing process and is then evenly spread on the field surface with the help of the guide plate 2. The leveling plate 17 can scrape the crop straw on the field surface that has entered the hammer-claw type picking and crushing roller 15 to ensure and improve the quality of the crushing operation.

Claims

1. A straw returning machine capable of primary and secondary crushing conversion, comprising a frame assembly (1), a three-point suspension mechanism (25) installed on the upper front side of the frame assembly (1), a leveling plate (17) suspensively mounted on the lower front side of the frame assembly (1) via a front pin (18) and swinging back and forth, a guide plate (2) installed on the rear end of the frame assembly (1), two side plates (19) fixedly mounted on the left and right ends of the frame assembly (1), and a hammer-claw type picking-up crushing roller (15) rotatably supported on the two side plates (19) at the rear end of the leveling plate (17), characterized in that: A drive sprocket (13) is fixedly mounted on one end of the hammer-claw type picking crusher roller (15); arc-shaped through holes (22), screw holes II (21), III (23), I (24) and IV (20) are symmetrically opened on two corresponding side plates (19); a guide column (6) is hinged and suspended on the rear end of the frame assembly (1) in front of the guide plate (2) by a rear pin (5) and can rotate back and forth; multiple fixed blades (4) are evenly distributed and fixed on the lower side of the guide column (6) along the axial direction; the inner end of the positioning pin (7) passes through the arc-shaped through hole (22) on the side plate (19) and is inserted into the blind hole on the end face of the guide column (6) for positioning and fit; the locking bolt (8) passes through the screw hole II (21) or screw hole III (23) on the side plate (19) and is inserted into the guide column (6). The crushing shaft (10) is rotatably and eccentrically supported on the two side plates (19) at the lower front side of the guide column (6) by the rotation center shaft (11). The crushing shaft (10) is axially and radially positioned and circumferentially rotatably fitted with a bushing (16). Multiple moving blades (3) are evenly distributed and fixed on the outside of the bushing (16). The moving blades (3) and the fixed blades (4) are interlocked or disengaged. A driven sprocket (9) is fixed on one end of the bushing (16). The chain (14) is fitted on the driven sprocket (9) and the driving sprocket (13). The locking pin (12) passes through the screw hole I (24) or screw hole IV (20) on the side plate (19) and is then inserted into the blind hole on the end face of the crushing shaft (10) for locking.

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