A processing device and a processing method of a shell with a lateral mounting seat

Abstract

The application provides a processing device and method for a shell with a lateral mounting seat, the device comprises a milling tool and a turning and milling tool, the milling tool is used for processing the outer wall of the shell, and the turning and milling tool is used for processing the inner wall of the shell; the rotating contact surface of the base and the rotating seat is provided with a first dimension four-station indexing limiting structure in the circumferential direction, and the rotating contact section of the clamping structure and the rotating seat is provided with a second dimension double-station indexing limiting structure in the circumferential direction; in use, the vertical and horizontal clamping of the shell can be realized, and milling processing can be carried out in the four quadrants of the shell respectively; through the turning and milling tool, the clamping of the shell after milling processing can be realized, and then the turning and milling of the internal rotary body structure of the shell can be completed; the device integrates multiple milling processes into one, avoids the error caused by repeated clamping and positioning, saves the time for clamping and alignment, and can avoid the problems of poor consistency and low efficiency caused by frequent loading and unloading in the existing processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of precision machining technology, specifically relating to a machining device and method for a housing with a lateral mounting base. Background Technology

[0002] Rotary body housing parts with lateral mounting bases are a common structural form, where the lateral mounting base and the main body of the rotating body are integrated into the design. They are commonly used in wind turbines, automotive drive shaft mountings, and industrial robot joint structures. The rotating body is typically machined by turning, while the lateral mounting base is machined by milling. The machining process generally involves milling the lateral mounting base and its hole system, followed by turning the rotating body structure. Due to its asymmetrical structure, clamping the rotating body during turning is difficult. Because the two parts are machined using different methods, ensuring the geometric dimensions and form and position tolerances between the rotating body's axis of rotation and the lateral mounting base becomes a key challenge in machining.

[0003] Current machining methods for rotating parts with lateral mounting bases have the following machining problems:

[0004] 1) The processing steps are lengthy and the processing efficiency is low, making mass production impossible;

[0005] 2) Irregular shapes lead to low material utilization and high processing costs;

[0006] 3) The boring and milling process requires multiple clamping operations, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and results in poor consistency of machining quality.

[0007] Therefore, this application anticipates a processing apparatus and method that can improve the accuracy and efficiency of processing housings with lateral mounting bases. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to overcome the technical problems of poor machining accuracy and efficiency of housings with lateral mounting bases in the prior art, the present invention provides a machining apparatus and machining method for housings with lateral mounting bases.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A machining apparatus for a housing with a lateral mounting base includes a milling fixture and a turning-milling fixture, wherein the milling fixture is used to machine the outer wall of the housing and the turning-milling fixture is used to machine the inner wall of the housing;

[0011] The milling fixture includes a first base and a rotary seat rotatably mounted on the first base, and a clamping structure rotatably mounted on the rotary seat. The rotation axis of the rotary seat coincides with the axis of the first base, the rotation axis of the clamping structure forms a 45° angle with the axis of the rotary seat, and the angle between the axis of the clamping end of the clamping structure and the axis of the rotation end is 125°. The rotation contact surface of the first base and the rotary seat is provided with a first-dimensional four-position indexing limit structure along the circumference, and the rotation contact section of the clamping structure and the rotary seat is provided with a second-dimensional two-position indexing limit structure along the circumference.

[0012] The milling and turning fixture includes a second base and an arc-shaped limiting plate symmetrically arranged on the second base. The arc-shaped limiting plate is provided with a locking structure, which is used to fix the housing along its length.

[0013] Furthermore, the first base and the rotating seat are rotatably connected by an embedded sleeve, and the first base is provided with a first fixing bolt through it, the end of which is connected to the rotating seat through a bearing;

[0014] The rotating seat and the clamping structure are rotatably connected by a nested arrangement. The rotating seat is provided with a second fixing bolt, and the end of the second fixing bolt is connected to the rotating end of the clamping structure through a bearing.

[0015] Furthermore, the first-dimensional four-position indexing and limiting structure adopts a mating slot pin locking structure. The first-dimensional four-position indexing and limiting structure includes four first partition slots evenly arranged on the circumferential direction of the rotating contact surface of the first base, and one first partition slot arranged on the circumferential direction of the rotating contact surface of the rotating seat, and also includes a conical limiting pin.

[0016] The second-dimensional dual-station indexing and limiting structure adopts a mating slot pin locking structure. The second-dimensional dual-station indexing and limiting structure includes two second partition slots evenly arranged on the rotating contact surface of the rotating seat along the circumferential direction, and one second partition slot arranged on the rotating contact surface of the clamping structure along the circumferential direction, and also includes a bolt limiting pin.

[0017] Furthermore, the clamping end of the clamping structure includes an L-shaped cavity. A section of the cavity, which passes through the side wall of the clamping end, is threadedly connected to a tightening rod. A push rod is slidably disposed in another section of the cavity. The bottoms of the tightening rod and the push rod abut against the inclined surface of the bent section of the cavity. The push rod has a tapered section. Multiple clamping blocks are evenly distributed in the area of ​​the cavity corresponding to the tapered section. The clamping blocks penetrate the side wall of the cavity radially and are provided with a limiting abutment platform adapted to the tapered section structure. The top of the push rod abuts against the top of the cavity by a spring.

[0018] Furthermore, an end cap is fitted onto the top of the cavity, and the top of the push rod abuts against the end cap via a spring.

[0019] Furthermore, the plurality of clamping blocks are arranged symmetrically at the center.

[0020] Furthermore, the locking structure includes a step positioning pin and a bolt assembly. The arc-shaped limiting plate has at least two through holes on each side. One through hole is configured to insert the step positioning pin, and the other through hole is configured to pass through the bolt assembly. The through holes are adapted to the position and structure of the through holes of the lateral mounting base.

[0021] A method for manufacturing a housing with a lateral mounting base includes the following steps:

[0022] Step S1: Roughly machine the outer outline of the shell structure and the inner bore of the rotating body on the bar stock;

[0023] Step S2: Place the rough-machined shell onto the clamping end of the clamping structure, rotate the rotating seat, keep the relative position of the rotating seat and the clamping structure unchanged, keep the shell in the first station of the second-dimensional double-station indexing, and make the shell be processed sequentially in the first-dimensional four-station indexing.

[0024] Step S3: Rotate the clamping structure so that the housing is in the second station of the second-dimensional double-station indexing. Rotate the rotating seat so that the housing is processed sequentially in the first-dimensional four-station indexing.

[0025] Step S4: After the housing is processed by the first-dimensional four-station indexing and the second-dimensional two-station indexing, the outer wall of the housing is milled, the housing is separated from the clamping structure, and the housing is installed on the milling and turning fixture by the locking structure. The inner wall of the housing is then milled to complete the machining of the housing with the side mounting seat.

[0026] Furthermore, the second-dimensional dual-station indexing includes two processing states, namely, the housing axis coincides with the axis of the first base, and the housing axis is perpendicular to the axis of the first base.

[0027] The first dimension four-station indexing includes processing two processing states in four quadrants respectively.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] This invention provides a processing device and method for a housing with a lateral mounting base. The device includes a milling fixture and a turning-milling fixture. The milling fixture is used to process the outer wall of the housing, and the turning-milling fixture is used to process the inner wall of the housing. The rotating contact surface of the base and the rotating seat is provided with a first-dimensional four-position indexing and limiting structure along the circumference, and the rotating contact section of the clamping structure and the rotating seat is provided with a second-dimensional double-position indexing and limiting structure along the circumference. In use, the housing can be clamped vertically and horizontally, and milling can be performed in the four quadrants of the housing. The turning-milling fixture can clamp the milled housing, thereby completing the turning-milling of the internal rotating structure of the housing. This device integrates multiple milling operations into one, avoiding errors caused by repeated clamping and positioning, saving clamping and alignment time, and eliminating problems such as poor processing quality consistency caused by human operation. It can avoid the problems of poor consistency and low efficiency caused by frequent loading and unloading in existing processing. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a milling fixture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0031] Figure 2 A three-dimensional sectional view of the milling fixture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0032] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a first orientation of a milling fixture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0033] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a second orientation of the milling fixture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0034] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the milling and turning fixture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0035] Figure 6 A top view of a housing with a lateral mounting base according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0036] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of a housing with a lateral mounting base according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0037] In the diagram, 1-first base; 11-first fixing bolt; 12-conical limiting pin; 2-rotating seat; 23-second fixing bolt; 3-clamping structure; 32-bolt limiting pin; 301-end cap; 302-spring; 303-push rod; 304-pressing block; 305-tightening rod; 306-limiting abutment platform; 4-second base; 40-arc-shaped limiting plate; 5-step positioning pin. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] This disclosure provides a processing apparatus for a housing with a lateral mounting base, mainly used to solve the problems of lengthy processing steps, high operational difficulty, low processing efficiency, and poor product consistency in existing processing methods. The processing method in this embodiment replaces the traditional processing technology for rotating housing parts with lateral mounting bases, greatly improving processing efficiency and accuracy. Subsequent comparative inspection results show that parts processed using this method have good consistency, and the product qualification rate reaches 100%.

[0040] The processing apparatus in this embodiment includes a milling fixture and a turning-milling fixture. The milling fixture is used to process the outer wall of the housing, and the turning-milling fixture is used to process the inner wall of the housing.

[0041] Figure 1 and Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram and a three-dimensional structural sectional view of the milling fixture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are shown respectively, as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the milling fixture includes a first base 1 and a rotary seat 2 rotatably mounted on the first base 1, and a clamping structure 3 rotatably mounted on the rotary seat 2. The rotation axis of the rotary seat 2 coincides with the axis of the first base 1. The rotation axis of the clamping structure 3 forms a 45° angle with the axis of the rotary seat 2. The angle between the axis of the clamping end of the clamping structure 3 and the axis of the rotation end is 125°. That is to say, the rotation contact surface between the clamping structure 3 and the rotary seat 2 is a 45° inclined plane. When the clamping structure 3 and the rotary seat 2 rotate relative to each other, the axial direction of the clamping end of the clamping structure 3 and the axial direction of the rotary seat 2 will form two states: perpendicular intersection and coincidence.

[0042] The rotating contact surfaces of the first base 1 and the rotating seat 2 are provided with a first-dimensional four-position indexing limiting structure along the circumference, and the rotating contact cross-section of the clamping structure 3 and the rotating seat 2 is provided with a second-dimensional double-position indexing limiting structure along the circumference. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the contact surface between the first base 1 and the rotating seat 2 is taken as the first-dimensional cross-section, and the contact surface between the clamping structure 3 and the rotating seat 2 is taken as the second-dimensional cross-section. A four-position indexing limiting structure is provided on the first-dimensional cross-section, including four working positions: 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270°. A double-position indexing limiting structure is provided on the second-dimensional cross-section, including two working positions: 0° and 180°. When the housing is being milled, the horizontal and vertical directions of the housing can be switched within the four quadrants without disassembly and repositioning.

[0043] The milling and turning fixture includes a second base 4 and an arc-shaped limiting plate 40 symmetrically arranged on the second base 4. The arc-shaped limiting plate 40 is provided with a locking structure, which is used to fix the housing along its length.

[0044] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first base 1 and the rotating seat 2 are fitted together and rotated. The first base 1 is provided with a first fixing bolt 11, and the end of the first fixing bolt 11 is connected to the rotating seat 2 through a bearing.

[0045] The rotating seat 2 and the clamping structure 3 are fitted together and rotated. The rotating seat 2 is provided with a second fixing bolt 23, and the end of the second fixing bolt 23 is connected to the rotating end of the clamping structure 3 through a bearing.

[0046] Furthermore, the first-dimensional four-position indexing and limiting structure adopts a mating slot pin locking structure. The first-dimensional four-position indexing and limiting structure includes four first partition slots evenly arranged on the circumferential direction of the rotating contact surface of the first base 1, and one first partition slot arranged on the circumferential direction of the rotating contact surface of the rotating seat 2, and also includes a conical limiting pin 12.

[0047] The second-dimensional dual-station indexing and limiting structure adopts a mating slot pin locking structure. The second-dimensional dual-station indexing and limiting structure includes two second partition slots evenly arranged on the circumferential direction of the rotating contact surface of the rotating seat 2, and one second partition slot arranged on the circumferential direction of the rotating contact surface of the clamping structure 3, and also includes a bolt limiting pin 32.

[0048] It should be noted that the first separate slots set on the first base 1 and the rotating seat 2 have the same structure and size. When the two are aligned, the structure and size of the formed slot are adapted to the conical limiting pin 12. The second separate slots set on the rotating seat 2 and the clamping structure 3 have the same structure and size. When the two are aligned, the structure and size of the formed slot are adapted to the bolt limiting pin 32.

[0049] In this embodiment, the clamping end of the clamping structure 3 includes an L-shaped cavity. A section of the cavity, penetrating the sidewall of the clamping end, is threadedly connected to a tightening rod 305. A push rod 303 is slidably disposed within another section of the cavity. The bottoms of the tightening rod 305 and the push rod 303 abut against the inclined surface of the bent section of the cavity. The push rod 303 has a tapered section. Multiple clamping blocks 304 are evenly distributed in the area corresponding to the tapered section of the cavity. The clamping blocks 304 penetrate the sidewall of the cavity radially and are provided with a limiting abutment platform 306 adapted to the tapered section structure. The top of the push rod 303 abuts against the top of the cavity via a spring 302. Specifically, an end cap 301 is fitted onto the top of the cavity, and the top of the push rod 303 abuts against the end cap 301 via a spring 302. Specifically, the multiple clamping blocks 304 are arranged symmetrically at the center.

[0050] It should be noted that during the rotation of the tightening rod 305, the tightening rod 305 will move closer to or further away from the push rod 303. When it moves closer, since the contact surface between the tightening rod 305 and the push rod 303 is inclined, the push rod 303 is squeezed and moves towards the end cover 301. The clamping block 304 located on the conical side of the push rod 303 is pushed outward and then abuts against the inner wall of the housing, forming a uniform abutment against the inner wall of the housing. Generally speaking, the side wall of the clamping block 304 near the housing is arc-shaped to increase the contact area with the housing and prevent problems such as deformation caused by excessive local pressure. The spring 302 is used to reset the push rod 303 when the tightening rod 305 moves away from the push rod 303.

[0051] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the locking structure includes a step positioning pin 5 and a bolt assembly. The arc-shaped limiting plate 40 has at least two through holes on each side. One through hole is configured to insert the step positioning pin 5, and the other through hole is configured to pass through the bolt assembly. The through holes are adapted to the position and structure of the through holes of the lateral mounting base.

[0052] Specifically Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the milling and turning fixture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the milling and turning fixture includes a second base 4, which is a frustum-shaped structure. It includes a small end for connecting to the lathe and a large end with two symmetrically arranged arc-shaped limiting plates 40. The two arc-shaped limiting plates 40 are spaced apart, and the circular cavity formed on their adjacent sides is adapted to the cylindrical structure of the housing. Figure 6 and Figure 7 The diagram shows a top view and a cross-sectional view of a housing with a lateral mounting base according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Two through holes are provided on each side of the lateral mounting base. When fixing the housing, a stepped locating pin 5 is first inserted to abut against the through hole on one side of the lateral mounting base according to a preset advance length. When the housing and the second base 4 are in a preset relative position, a bolt assembly is inserted through the through hole on the other side of the lateral mounting base to fix the housing to the milling and turning fixture.

[0053] This disclosure also provides a method for processing a housing with a lateral mounting base, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Step S1: Roughly machine the outer contour of the shell's external structure and the inner bore of the rotating body onto the bar stock. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the bar stock selected is capable of machining two shells with side mounting bases in one operation. Two rough-machined shells can be obtained through a single roughing operation, saving time on material change and clamping. Furthermore, compared to individual milling where the toolpath overlaps, milling two shells at once only requires one pass, saving some toolpath time. For example, when machining a shell with a side mounting base made of 7A09 aluminum alloy with maximum dimensions of 76×54.5×99.8 mm, a φ140×92 bar stock is selected, allowing two rough-machined shells to be machined simultaneously from a single bar stock.

[0055] Step S2: Place the rough-machined shell onto the clamping end of the clamping structure 3, rotate the rotating seat 2, keep the relative position of the rotating seat 2 and the clamping structure 3 unchanged, keep the shell in the first station of the second-dimensional double-station indexing, so that the shell is processed sequentially in the first-dimensional four-station indexing.

[0056] Step S3: Rotate the clamping structure 3 so that the housing is in the second station of the second-dimensional double-station indexing, and rotate the rotating seat 2 so that the housing is processed sequentially in the first-dimensional four-station indexing.

[0057] Step S4: After the housing is processed by the first-dimensional four-station indexing and the second-dimensional two-station indexing, the outer wall of the housing is milled. The housing is then separated from the clamping structure 3 and installed onto the milling and turning fixture by the locking structure. The inner wall of the housing is then milled to complete the machining of the housing with the side mounting seat.

[0058] Specifically, the second-dimensional dual-station indexing includes two processing postures. Figure 3 and Figure 4 Cross-sectional views of a first posture and a second posture of the milling fixture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are shown respectively. The two machining postures include the housing axis coinciding with the axis of the first base 1, and the housing axis being perpendicular to the axis of the first base 1.

[0059] The first dimension four-station indexing includes processing two processing states in four quadrants respectively.

[0060] For example, in the first orientation, rotating the rotary seat 2 allows the housing to be finished sequentially in four quadrants. Then, switching to the second orientation, rotating the rotary seat 2 again allows the housing to be finished in the four quadrants, ensuring the consistency and accuracy of the machining process. This eliminates problems such as poor machining quality consistency caused by human operation and avoids the inconsistencies and low efficiency caused by frequent loading and unloading in existing machining processes.

Claims

1. A processing apparatus for a housing with a lateral mounting base, characterized in that, It includes a milling fixture and a turning-milling fixture, wherein the milling fixture is used to machine the outer wall of the housing, and the turning-milling fixture is used to machine the inner wall of the housing; The milling fixture includes a first base (1) and a rotary seat (2) rotatably disposed on the first base (1), and a clamping structure (3) rotatably disposed on the rotary seat (2). The rotation axis of the rotary seat (2) coincides with the axis of the first base (1), the rotation axis of the clamping structure (3) forms a 45° angle with the axis of the rotary seat (2), and the angle between the axis of the clamping end of the clamping structure (3) and the axis of the rotation end is 125°. The rotation contact surfaces of the first base (1) and the rotary seat (2) are provided with a first-dimensional four-position indexing limit structure along the circumference, and the rotation contact sections of the clamping structure (3) and the rotary seat (2) are provided with a second-dimensional double-position indexing limit structure along the circumference. The milling and turning fixture includes a second base (4) and an arc-shaped limiting plate (40) symmetrically arranged on the second base (4). The arc-shaped limiting plate (40) is provided with a locking structure, which is used to fix the housing along its length. The clamping end of the clamping structure (3) includes a cavity with an L-shaped structure. A section of the cavity that passes through the side wall of the clamping end is threadedly connected to a tightening rod (305). A push rod (303) is slidably disposed in another section of the cavity. The bottoms of the tightening rod (305) and the push rod (303) abut against the inclined surface of the bent section of the cavity. The push rod (303) has a tapered section. Multiple pressing blocks (304) are evenly distributed in the area of ​​the cavity corresponding to the tapered section. The pressing blocks (304) penetrate the side wall of the cavity radially. The pressing blocks (304) are provided with a limiting abutment platform (306) that is adapted to the tapered section structure. The top of the push rod (303) abuts against the top of the cavity through a spring (302).

2. The processing apparatus for a housing with a lateral mounting base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first base (1) and the rotating seat (2) are connected by a nested rotation. The first base (1) is provided with a first fixing bolt (11) through it. The end of the first fixing bolt (11) is connected to the rotating seat (2) through a bearing. The rotating seat (2) and the clamping structure (3) are rotatably connected by a nested arrangement. The rotating seat (2) is provided with a second fixing bolt (23) through it. The end of the second fixing bolt (23) is connected to the rotating end of the clamping structure (3) through a bearing.

3. The processing apparatus for a housing with a lateral mounting base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dimension four-position indexing limit structure adopts a mating slot pin locking structure. The first dimension four-position indexing limit structure includes four first partition slots evenly arranged on the circumferential direction of the rotating contact surface of the first base (1), and one first partition slot arranged on the circumferential direction of the rotating contact surface of the rotating seat (2), and also includes a conical limit pin (12). The second-dimensional dual-station indexing and limiting structure adopts a mating slot pin locking structure. The second-dimensional dual-station indexing and limiting structure includes two second partition slots evenly arranged on the rotating contact surface of the rotating seat (2) along the circumferential direction, and a second partition slot arranged on the rotating contact surface of the clamping structure (3) along the circumferential direction, and also includes a bolt limiting pin (32).

4. The processing apparatus for a housing with a lateral mounting base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the cavity is fitted with an end cap (301), and the top of the push rod (303) abuts against the end cap (301) by a spring (302).

5. The processing apparatus for a housing with a lateral mounting base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of clamping blocks (304) are arranged symmetrically at the center.

6. The processing apparatus for a housing with a lateral mounting base according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking structure includes a step positioning pin (5) and a bolt assembly. The arc-shaped limiting plate (40) has at least two through holes on each side. One through hole is configured to insert the step positioning pin (5), and the other through hole is configured to pass through the bolt assembly. The through holes are adapted to the position and structure of the through holes of the lateral mounting base.

7. A method for processing a housing with a lateral mounting base, characterized in that, The processing apparatus for the housing with a lateral mounting base according to any one of claims 1-6 includes the following steps: Step S1: Roughly machine the outer outline of the shell structure and the inner bore of the rotating body on the bar stock; Step S2: Place the rough-machined shell onto the clamping end of the clamping structure (3), rotate the rotating seat (2), keep the relative position of the rotating seat (2) and the clamping structure (3) unchanged, keep the shell in the first station of the second-dimensional double-station indexing, and make the shell be processed in the first-dimensional four-station indexing in sequence. Step S3: Rotate the clamping structure (3) so that the housing is in the second station of the second-dimensional double-station indexing, rotate the rotating seat (2) so that the housing is processed sequentially in the first-dimensional four-station indexing; Step S4: After the housing is processed by the first dimension four-station indexing and the second dimension two-station indexing, the outer wall of the housing is milled, the housing is separated from the clamping structure (3), and the housing is installed on the milling fixture by the locking structure. The inner wall of the housing is milled to complete the processing of the housing with the side mounting seat.

8. The method for processing a housing with a lateral mounting base according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second-dimensional dual-station indexing includes two processing states, namely, the axial direction of the housing coincides with the axial direction of the base (1), and the axial direction of the housing is perpendicular to the axial direction of the base (1). The first dimension four-station indexing includes processing two processing states in four quadrants respectively.

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