Polishing apparatus and polishing method

Abstract

The application provides a polishing device and a polishing method. The polishing device comprises a sliding platform, a polishing execution assembly, a tensioning assembly, a limiting assembly and a reciprocating driving assembly. The limiting assembly comprises a swing piece and a limiting wheel. The first end of the swing piece is connected to the polishing wheel and the limiting wheel, and the difference between the radius of the polishing wheel and the thickness of the sand belt is greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to a preset wallboard recess depth. The second end of the swing piece is rotationally connected to the sliding platform through a bearing assembly, the bearing assembly and the driving shaft are coaxial, and the bearing assembly and the driving shaft have a gap therebetween. An adjusting piece is connected to an adjusting shaft, the adjusting shaft is connected to a retainer, the tensioning shaft of the tensioning wheel is fixed to the adjusting shaft, and the adjusting piece can drive the adjusting shaft to rotate, thereby changing the distance between the tensioning wheel and the polishing wheel. The reciprocating driving assembly drives the sliding platform and the polishing execution assembly, the tensioning assembly and the limiting assembly to move reciprocally in a direction perpendicular to the polishing shaft and parallel to the wallboard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to grinding equipment, and more particularly to a grinding apparatus and grinding method. Background Technology

[0002] During the removal of critical structural components such as the steel containment vessel at nuclear power plant sites, extremely high precision and non-destructive treatment of the base material are required at the grinding points. Currently, when dealing with residual welds on the wall panels and removing small protrusions on the steel containment vessel, workers mainly rely on handheld grinding machines and other handheld equipment for grinding operations.

[0003] However, the above-mentioned grinding method has the following problems: First, because the grinding process heavily relies on the experience and skills of the workers, it is difficult to guarantee the uniformity and consistency of the grinding effect. Second, due to the large workload, coupled with the harsh working environment, such as high temperature and high noise, and the thick residual weld after the removal of temporary accessories (with metal protrusions, not just simple rust removal), the grinding work efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a polishing device and a polishing method.

[0005] One aspect of the present invention provides a grinding device for grinding metal protrusions on a wall panel, wherein the wall panel is a straight plate; the grinding device includes a sliding platform, a grinding execution component, a tensioning component, a limiting component, and a reciprocating drive component; wherein, the grinding execution component includes a grinding wheel, a drive wheel, a sanding belt, and a drive member; the tensioning component includes a tensioning wheel; the sanding belt is driven and connected between the grinding wheel, the tensioning wheel, and the drive wheel; the drive member is disposed on the sliding platform and connected to the drive shaft of the drive wheel; the limiting component includes a swing member and a limiting wheel; the first end of the swing member is connected to the grinding wheel and the limiting wheel, wherein the difference between the sum of the radius of the grinding wheel and the thickness of the sanding belt and the limiting wheel is greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to a preset wall panel recess depth; the second end of the swing member is connected via... A bearing assembly is rotatably connected to the sliding platform. The bearing assembly and the drive shaft are coaxially arranged, and there is a gap between the bearing assembly and the drive shaft. The grinding execution assembly also includes a cage, and the drive shaft and the grinding shaft of the grinding wheel are connected to the cage. The tensioning assembly also includes an adjusting shaft and an adjusting member. The adjusting member is connected to the adjusting shaft, and the adjusting shaft is connected to the cage. The tensioning shaft of the tensioning wheel is fixed to the adjusting shaft. The adjusting member can drive the adjusting shaft to rotate, thereby changing the distance between the tensioning wheel and the grinding wheel. The reciprocating drive assembly is connected to the sliding platform to drive the sliding platform, the grinding execution assembly, the tensioning assembly, and the limiting assembly to reciprocate in a direction perpendicular to the grinding shaft and parallel to the wall panel.

[0006] In one embodiment, the adjusting member includes a crank and a guide rod; the crank and the adjusting shaft are fixedly connected, and the crank has a guide groove; the guide rod has a guide protrusion that contacts the guide groove and can slide within the guide groove; by moving the guide protrusion through the guide rod, the guide protrusion slides within the guide groove, thereby causing the crank to rotate, which in turn drives the adjusting shaft to rotate.

[0007] In one embodiment, the guide rod includes a lead screw and a tensioning slider; the guide protrusion is disposed on the tensioning slider, and the tensioning slider and the lead screw cooperate; the lead screw is configured to be operably rotated to move the tensioning slider along the lead screw.

[0008] In one embodiment, the guide rod further includes a handle fixed to the end of the lead screw; the oscillating member includes a pressing portion and a fixing block; the pressing portion provides an installation channel, the lead screw is received in the installation channel, and the handle is located outside the installation channel; the lead screw has a recessed portion, the fixing block has a groove, the recessed portion of the lead screw is engaged in the groove of the fixing block, and the fixing block is fixed to the pressing portion.

[0009] In one embodiment, the tensioning slider includes a limiting part and a sliding part; the sliding part is threadedly engaged with the lead screw; the guide protrusion and the limiting part are disposed on opposite sides of the sliding part; the mounting channel is disposed along the length direction of the pressing part, and the mounting channel includes a window extending through in a direction perpendicular to the length of the pressing part; the sliding part can move within the window under the guidance of the lead screw, and the limiting part and the pressing part abut against each other.

[0010] In one embodiment, the limiting part is provided with a fixing hole, and the pressing part is provided with an elongated hole along the length direction, and the fastener passes through the elongated hole and the fixing hole in sequence.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first end of the grinding shaft is fixed to the retainer; the second end of the grinding shaft passes through the second end of the pressing part and the limiting wheel; the grinding shaft is fixed to the pressing part, and the limiting wheel is rotatably inserted through the grinding shaft.

[0012] In one embodiment, the limiting component further includes an elastic mechanism, one end of which is fixed to the sliding platform and the other end of which is fixed to the swing member; the elastic mechanism provides a pulling force to the swing member toward the wall panel.

[0013] In one embodiment, the reciprocating drive assembly includes a linear drive mechanism, a guide slider, and a guide rail; the linear drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a lead screw, and a lead screw nut, the drive motor being connected to the lead screw, and the lead screw nut cooperating with the lead screw to convert the rotational motion of the lead screw into linear movement; the guide slider is disposed on the guide rail and can slide along the guide rail, the guide rail being parallel to the lead screw; the lead screw nut and the guide slider are both fixedly connected to the sliding platform; and / or the grinding device further includes a base plate and a magnetic component; the reciprocating drive assembly and the magnetic component are disposed on the base plate; the magnetic component is magnetic and can be attracted to a metal wall panel.

[0014] Another aspect of the present invention provides a polishing method applied to the polishing apparatus described in any of the above embodiments; the polishing method includes: moving the polishing apparatus and arranging it on a wall panel; aligning the polishing wheel of the polishing apparatus with the metal protrusion to be polished; turning on the polishing apparatus and rotating the abrasive belt to polish the metal protrusion; observing the amount of sparks generated during polishing; and determining whether the polishing operation of the metal protrusion is completed based on the amount of sparks.

[0015] In this invention, the oscillating component and the drive wheel of the grinding device are coaxially arranged. Combined with a retainer, the distance between the drive wheel and the grinding wheel is kept constant, enabling coaxial and equidistant rotation of the oscillating component and the grinding wheel with the drive wheel. Furthermore, by controlling the relationship between the radius of the limiting wheel, the radius of the grinding wheel, and the thickness of the abrasive belt, the limiting wheel can be pressed down simultaneously with the rotation of the oscillating component, preventing excessive downward pressure that exceeds the limit of the recessed depth of the base material, thus achieving adaptive adjustment of the grinding force. Based on the coaxial and equidistant rotation of the oscillating component and the grinding wheel with the drive wheel, the tension of the abrasive belt can be adjusted by changing the distance between the tensioning wheel and the grinding wheel. This eliminates the need for complex tensioning structures or simultaneous adjustment of multiple rollers, resulting in a simple structure. Maintaining the gap between the drive shaft and the bearing assembly prevents mutual interference during movement, improving the stability of the device.

[0016] This invention can adaptively adjust the grinding force, avoid interference between various structures, and achieve reciprocating grinding of metal protrusions in a confined space with a simple structure. It solves the shortcomings of existing handheld grinding equipment in terms of grinding quality, efficiency and stability, realizes automated grinding of metal protrusions such as residual welds on nuclear power construction sites, ensures high efficiency of the grinding process and no damage to the base material, thereby improving the quality and safety of grinding operations in harsh environments such as nuclear power sites. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the grinding device according to the present invention and its cooperation with the wall panel;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the polishing device.

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the drive wheel, grinding wheel, and tension wheel of the grinding device shown;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the oscillating component, retainer, and drive component of the grinding device shown;

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the limiting component of the polishing device shown;

[0023] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows the positional relationship between the cage and the drive wheel of the grinding device.

[0024] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 A partial structural cross-sectional view of the grinding device shown;

[0025] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A in the image;

[0026] Figure 9 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the drive components and reciprocating drive assembly of the grinding device shown;

[0027] Figure 10 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the fit between the base plate, reciprocating drive assembly, and drive components of the grinding device.

[0028] Figure 11 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the reciprocating drive assembly of the polishing device shown;

[0029] Figure 12 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the base plate and magnetic components of the polishing device shown;

[0030] Figure 13 This is the grinding process before the improvement;

[0031] Figure 14 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the polishing method according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the invention, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Each example is provided to explain the invention and not to limit it. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the invention without departing from the scope or spirit thereof. For example, a feature shown or described as part of one embodiment may be used with another embodiment to produce yet another embodiment. Therefore, the invention is intended to cover these modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0033] As used herein, the term “axial” refers to the central axis of the structure or the direction parallel to the central axis of the structure, the term “radial” refers to the direction perpendicular to the “axial”, and the term “circumferential” refers to the direction about the “axial”.

[0034] Figure 1 and Figure 2The structure of one embodiment of the grinding apparatus of the present invention is shown. The grinding apparatus of the present invention performs grinding operations on the metal protrusions 11 on the wall panel 10. The wall panel 10 is the base material, specifically made of metal material to form the containment wall panel 10 of a nuclear power plant steel structure, or it can be a metal plate from other fields.

[0035] The state of the wall panel 10 includes, but is not limited to, a vertical state (perpendicular to the horizontal plane or the ground), a horizontal state (parallel to the ground or the horizontal plane), and an inclined state (inclined relative to the horizontal plane or the ground).

[0036] The wall panel 10 can be a straight panel or a curved panel with a small curvature.

[0037] The metal protrusions 11 on the wall panel 10 are residual metal left after cutting the metal parts. Specifically, the "metal protrusions" mentioned in this invention refer to residual objects after the temporary attachments used during the splicing of the steel containment vessel (metal tank) plates in nuclear power plants have been removed, including residual weld seams. Under the specific working conditions described above, the surface dimensions of the residual material are 60×60mm, with a remaining height of approximately 3mm, and the material is steel, making removal relatively difficult.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the grinding device of the present invention includes a sliding platform 100, a grinding execution component 200, a tensioning component 300, a limiting component, and a reciprocating drive component 500. The grinding execution component 200 includes a grinding wheel 210, a drive wheel 220, a sanding belt 230, and a drive member 240. The tensioning component 300 includes a tensioning wheel 310. The sanding belt 230 is driven between the grinding wheel 210, the tensioning wheel 310, and the drive wheel 220, and is tensioned by the tensioning wheel 310. The drive member 240 is disposed on the sliding platform 100, and the output shaft of the drive member 240 is connected to the drive shaft 221 of the drive wheel 220. The sanding belt 230 is driven by the drive wheel 220 to rotate in a preset direction. The grinding wheel 210 rotates due to the frictional force of the sanding belt 230, and the outer surface of the sanding belt 230 in contact with the grinding wheel 210 grinds the metal protrusion 11. The drive wheel 220 is fixed on the drive shaft 221 and is a roller that drives the grinding wheel 210 to rotate by the output rotation of the drive component 240. The grinding wheel 210 is a roller used to contact the grinding position (its outer surface is covered with sanding belt 230).

[0039] The preset direction of rotation of the sand belt 230 can be clockwise or counterclockwise, determined by the rotation direction of the drive shaft 221 of the drive wheel 220. It can be adjusted according to the site conditions, and the present invention does not impose any restrictions.

[0040] The abrasive belt 230 of this invention can be selected as an abrasive belt 230 using ceramic alumina abrasive. The 3M abrasive belt 230 with ceramic aluminum alloy abrasive can achieve a smooth transition when grinding the edges of the metal protrusion 11, and can also mill hard metals. The appropriate abrasive belt 230 can be selected according to the hardness of the object being ground. The length and width of the abrasive belt 230 can be determined based on the size of the drive wheel 220, the grinding wheel 210, the tension wheel 310, and the metal protrusion 11 to be ground. A wider range of metal protrusions / residual welds can be covered by unidirectional reciprocating grinding.

[0041] The three-wheel tensioning structure can fix both ends of the wheel, preventing uneven grinding after tensioning when the grinding wheel 210 is too long. It also makes disassembly and tension adjustment convenient while ensuring structural strength.

[0042] The limiting assembly includes a swing member 410 and a limiting wheel 420. The limiting assembly is used to limit the grinding height of the grinding wheel 210. The first end of the swing member 410 is connected to the grinding wheel 210 and the limiting wheel 420. Specifically, the grinding shaft 211 of the grinding wheel 210 (the central axis of the grinding shaft 211 is the rotation axis of the grinding wheel 210) is fixed to the swing member 410. The grinding wheel 210 is pressed down by the rotation of the swing member 410, and the sanding belt 230 contacts the metal protrusion 11. This is achieved by pressing down the grinding wheel 210.

[0043] The limiting wheel 420 is further connected to the grinding shaft 211. The function of the limiting wheel 420 is to prevent the grinding wheel 210 from pressing down too much, thereby preventing over-grinding of the base material and ensuring that the grinding height is within the specified value.

[0044] The first end of the grinding shaft 211 is fixed to the retainer 250. The second end of the grinding shaft 211 passes through the second end of the pressing part 411 and the limiting wheel 420. The grinding shaft 211 is fixed to the pressing part 411, and the limiting wheel 420 is rotatably inserted through the grinding shaft 211.

[0045] When the grinding device of the present invention is working, the limiting wheel 420 moves together with the grinding wheel 210. Under the pressure generated by the rotation of the swing member 410 toward the wall panel 10, the limiting wheel 420 continues until its outer surface contacts the base material, at which point it limits the grinding wheel 210.

[0046] The height limit of the limiting wheel 420 on the grinding wheel 210 is achieved by controlling the relationship between the radius R1 of the limiting wheel 420, the radius R2 of the grinding wheel 210, and the thickness T1 of the sanding belt 230. Specifically, the difference between the sum of the radius of the grinding wheel 210 and the thickness of the sanding belt 230 and the limiting wheel 420 is greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to the preset recessed depth of the wall panel 10, that is, the preset recessed depth D of the wall panel 10 ≥ ∆(R2+T1-R1) ≥ 0. The preset recessed depth D of the wall panel 10 is derived from the on-site process requirements, namely, after grinding, no metal protrusions 11 are allowed on the surface of the base material (the remaining height of the metal protrusions 11 is 0mm), and the depth of the recess into the base material cannot exceed the preset recessed depth D of the wall panel 10. Based on on-site practice, the preset recessed depth D of the wall panel 10 can be taken as 0.25mm; if it exceeds 0.25mm, it is considered damage to the base material.

[0047] By limiting the height of the grinding wheel 210 with the aforementioned limiting wheel 420, the abrasive belt 230 enveloping the grinding wheel 210 first contacts the metal protrusion 11. The limiting wheel 420 is suspended and not in contact with the base material. At this time, the abrasive belt 230 effectively grinds, producing a large number of sparks. When the outer cylindrical surface of the limiting wheel 420 contacts the base material, the pressure of the abrasive belt 230 enveloping the grinding wheel 210 on the metal protrusion 11 decreases. When the pressure reaches zero, grinding automatically stops. Simultaneously, the sparks are significantly reduced, or almost nonexistent, indicating that grinding is complete. Through practical testing, the limiting component of this invention effectively avoids damage to the base material.

[0048] Considering that the limiting wheel 420 is made of rigid material, the sanding belt 230 is more prone to wear than the grinding wheel 210; in addition, the longer the grinding time, the thinner the thickness T1 of the sanding belt 230 will become. Therefore, whether to replace the sanding belt 230 is not based on the wear degree of the sanding belt 230 itself, but on the situation that after grinding the same position for a long time, there are still metal protrusions 11 on the surface of the base material, confirming that the sanding belt 230 needs to be replaced.

[0049] The second end of the oscillating member 410 is rotatably connected to the sliding platform 100 via a bearing assembly 600 to press down the grinding wheel 210. The bearing assembly 600 and the drive shaft 221 are coaxially arranged, and there is a gap G between the bearing assembly 600 and the drive shaft 221. Specifically, the bearing assembly 600 includes a rolling bearing 610 and a bearing mounting seat 620. The outer ring of the rolling bearing 610 is connected to the inner peripheral wall of the through hole at the second end of the oscillating member 410, and the inner peripheral wall of the rolling bearing 610 is connected to the bearing mounting seat 620, which fixes the rolling bearing 610 to the sliding platform 100. The drive shaft 221 passes through the bearing mounting seat 620 and is connected to the output shaft of the drive member 240 within the sliding platform 100. The through hole, the rolling bearing 610, the bearing mounting seat 620, and the drive shaft 221 are coaxially arranged, and there is a gap G between the drive shaft 221 and the bearing mounting seat 620. In other words, the second end of the swing member 410 is fixed to the sliding platform 100 by the bearing assembly 600. The bearing fixing seat 620 is concentric with the drive shaft 221 of the drive wheel 220 but does not contact each other, so as to avoid mutual interference during movement.

[0050] The grinding actuator 200 also includes a cage 250, which connects the drive shaft 221 and the grinding shaft 211 of the grinding wheel 210. One end of the drive shaft 221 is connected to the drive member 240 to enable the drive shaft 221 to rotate, and the other end is connected to the cage 250. One end of the grinding shaft 211 is fixed to the swing member 410, and the other end is fixed to the cage 250. The cage 250 is a fixed structure, and its length and width will not change. In this way, the distance between the drive shaft 221 and the grinding shaft 211 remains constant, thereby ensuring that the distance between the rotation axes of the drive wheel 220 and the grinding wheel 210 remains constant under complex working conditions.

[0051] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the tensioning assembly 300 also includes an adjusting shaft 320 and an adjusting member 330. The adjusting member 330 is connected to the adjusting shaft 320, which is connected to the retainer 250; that is, one end of the adjusting shaft 320 is connected to the adjusting member 330, and the other end is connected to the retainer 250. The tensioning shaft 311 of the tensioning wheel 310 is fixed to the adjusting shaft 320, and the adjusting member 330 can drive the adjusting shaft 320 to rotate, thereby changing the distance between the tensioning wheel 310 and the grinding wheel 210. The adjusting shaft 320, the tensioning drive shaft 221 of the tensioning wheel 310, the drive shaft 221, and the grinding shaft 211 all extend along the first direction XX, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown. The first direction XX is parallel to the plane containing the wall panel 10.

[0052] By using the design of the bearing mounting seat 620 and the drive shaft 221 of the drive wheel 220 being concentric but not in contact, and the retainer 250, it can be ensured that the grinding wheel 210 can rotate around the drive shaft 220 with the drive shaft 221 as the axis of rotation, which simplifies the design of the tensioning assembly 300. Conversely, if the grinding wheel 210 cannot rotate around the drive wheel 220 at a fixed distance, it will increase the complexity of the tensioning assembly 300. If the tensioning assembly 300 cannot achieve a good tensioning effect due to its complex structure, it is easy to break the sanding belt 230 or fail to tension, which will seriously affect the grinding effect. Specifically, since the rotation axis of the swinging member 410 is coaxial with the drive wheel 220, the distance between the grinding shaft 211 and the drive shaft 221 remains constant no matter where the grinding wheel 210 is. Based on this, to achieve tension of the sanding belt 230, it is only necessary to change the distance between the tensioning wheel 310 and the grinding shaft 211 or the drive shaft 221, without any other complex structure. This allows for the placement of a longer sanding belt 230 within a confined space. It is understandable that a longer sanding belt 230 has a longer heat dissipation time compared to a shorter sanding belt 230, thus making it more durable. Compared to a structure where the drive wheel 220 and the grinding wheel 210 adjust the center distance to the tensioning wheel 310 separately, this invention allows for the use of a longer sanding belt 230 for grinding, while a shorter sanding belt 230 improves its durability.

[0053] The reciprocating drive assembly 500 is connected to the sliding platform 100 to drive the sliding platform 100, as well as the grinding execution assembly 200, tensioning assembly 300, and limiting assembly, to move linearly back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the grinding axis 211 and parallel to the wall plate 10 (i.e., the second direction YY, which is perpendicular to the first direction XX), so as to realize the reciprocating grinding of the grinding wheel 210 on the same metal protrusion 11. Reciprocating grinding can avoid excessive heat accumulation at the grinding position, reducing or even avoiding the problems of burning the abrasive belt 230 and quenching the base material, which increases the hardness of the base material.

[0054] In the grinding device of the present invention, the drive shaft 221 of the swing member 410 and the drive wheel 220 are coaxially arranged. Combined with the retainer 250, the distance between the drive wheel 220 and the grinding wheel 210 is kept constant, enabling coaxial and equidistant rotation of the swing member 410 and the grinding wheel 210 with the drive wheel 220. Furthermore, by controlling the relationship between the radius of the limiting wheel 420, the radius of the grinding wheel 210, and the thickness of the sanding belt 230, the limiting wheel 420 can be pressed down simultaneously with the rotation of the swing member 410 pressing down on the grinding wheel 210, preventing the swing member from swinging down. If the downward pressure of the moving part 410 exceeds the limit of the recessed depth of the base material, the grinding force can be adaptively adjusted. Based on the coaxial and equidistant rotation of the swinging part 410, the grinding wheel 210 and the drive wheel 220, the tension of the sanding belt 230 can be adjusted by changing the distance between the tensioning wheel 310 and the grinding wheel 210. There is no need for a complex tensioning structure or simultaneous adjustment of multiple rollers. The structure is simple. By maintaining the gap G between the drive shaft 221 and the bearing assembly 600, mutual interference during movement can be avoided, thus improving the stability of the device.

[0055] This invention can adaptively adjust the grinding force, avoid interference between various structures, and achieve reciprocating grinding of metal protrusions 11 in a confined space with a simple structure. It solves the shortcomings of existing handheld grinding equipment in terms of grinding quality, efficiency and stability, realizes automated grinding of metal protrusions 11 such as residual welds on nuclear power construction sites, ensures high efficiency of the grinding process and no damage to the base material, thereby improving the grinding operation quality and safety in harsh environments such as nuclear power sites.

[0056] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the adjusting member 330 includes a crank 331 and a guide rod 332. The crank 331 and the adjusting shaft 320 are fixedly connected, and the crank 331 has a guide groove 3311. The crank 331 and the adjusting shaft 320 can be integrally formed; or they can be... Figure 3 As shown, the crank 331 and the adjusting shaft 320 are fixedly connected by a retaining ring.

[0057] Continue to refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The swing member 410 has an opening 413. Multiple fixing rings 334, a crank 331, multiple fixing rings 334 and a bearing (not shown) are sequentially inserted on the adjusting shaft 320. The bearing is set in the opening 413, which can realize the rotation of the crank 331 together with the adjusting shaft 320.

[0058] The guide rod 332 has a guide protrusion 333, which contacts the guide groove 3311 and can slide within the guide groove 3311. The guide protrusion 333 and the inner peripheral wall of the guide groove 3311 are in rigid contact. By moving the guide protrusion 333 through the guide rod 332, the guide protrusion 333 slides within the guide groove 3311, causing the crank 331 to rotate. This, in turn, drives the adjusting shaft 320 to rotate, thus pressing down or raising the tensioning wheel 310, and tightening or loosening the sanding belt 230.

[0059] In this embodiment, the crank 331 acts as a lever, with the adjusting shaft 320 as its fulcrum. When the tensioning slider 3322 moves upward, the crank 331 is lifted upward, the tensioning wheel 310 is pressed downward, and the sanding belt 230 is tensioned; conversely, the sanding belt 230 is loosened.

[0060] One end of the adjusting shaft 320 is fixed to the swing member 410, and the other end is connected to the retainer 250. The stability is maintained by utilizing the fact that the swing member 410 and the retainer 250 do not shift relative to each other. Furthermore, the adjusting shaft 320 is parallel to the axis of the drive wheel 220 and the grinding wheel 210. Based on this, the axis of the tensioning wheel 310 is parallel to the axis of the drive wheel 220 and the grinding wheel 210, ensuring that the sanding belt 230 rotates smoothly and with little vibration after tensioning.

[0061] Based on the above embodiment, the guide rod 332 further includes a lead screw 3321 and a tensioning slider 3322. A guide protrusion 333 is disposed on the tensioning slider 3322, and the lead screw 3321 is threaded, with the tensioning slider 3322 and the lead screw 3321 engaging. The lead screw 3321 is configured to be operably rotated to move the tensioning slider 3322 along the lead screw 3321. By manually rotating the lead screw 3321, the tensioning slider 3322 can move up or down along the lead screw 3321, and the guide protrusion 333 also moves accordingly. The guide protrusion 333 slides within the guide groove 3311, thus changing the position of the tensioning wheel 310. Combined with the rigid contact between the guide protrusion 333 and the crank 331, this facilitates the replacement of the sanding belt 230 and improves the stability of the tensioning effect.

[0062] When the lead screw 3321 is rotated, the displacement of the tension slider 3322 is linearly related to the rotation angle of the lead screw 3321, which can achieve high-precision adjustment. Furthermore, the lead screw 3321 and the tension slider 3322 can form a mechanical self-locking mechanism, resulting in better stability and ensuring the stable position of the tension wheel 310.

[0063] Furthermore, the guide rod 332 also includes a handle 3323, which is fixed to the end of the lead screw 3321. The handle 3323 allows for easy manual rotation of the lead screw 3321. The swing member 410 includes a pressing part 411 and a fixing block 412. The pressing part 411 provides an installation channel 4111, in which the lead screw 3321 is received, and the handle 3323 is located outside the installation channel 4111. The lead screw 3321 has a recessed portion (not shown) that is annular, and the fixing block 412 has a groove (not shown) with a U-shaped cross-section that fits the recessed portion. The recessed portion of the lead screw 3321 is engaged in the groove of the fixing block 412, and the fixing block 412 is fixed to the pressing part 411. This stabilizes the axial position of the lead screw 3321 within the installation channel 4111, prevents axial movement, and does not affect or interfere with the rotation of the lead screw 3321 around its central axis.

[0064] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 5 The tensioning slider 3322 includes a limiting part 3322a and a sliding part 3322b. The sliding part 3322b is threadedly engaged with the lead screw 3321. The guide protrusion 333 and the limiting part 3322a are disposed on opposite sides of the sliding part 3322b. The mounting channel 4111 is disposed along the length direction of the pressing part 411. The mounting channel 4111 includes a window 4112 extending through in a direction perpendicular to the length of the pressing part 411. The window 4112 is the portion of the mounting channel 4111 that extends through the length and width directions of the pressing part 4111. The limiting part 3322a and the guide protrusion 333 are respectively located on both sides of the pressing part 4111. The sliding part 3322b can move within the window 4112 under the guidance of the lead screw 3321, and the limiting part 3322a abuts against the pressing part 411. The limiting part 3322a abuts against the pressing part 411 from the other side to prevent the tensioning slider 3322 from shifting or falling towards the crank 331.

[0065] refer to Figure 3 The lead screw 3321 exerts an upward force on the tensioning slider 3322, while the crank 331 exerts an opposite force on the tensioning slider 3322, causing the tensioning slider 3322 to tend to rotate, which may lead to the displacement of the tensioning slider 3322. In one embodiment of the present invention, the limiting part 3322a is provided with a fixing hole 3322c, and the pressing part 411 has an elongated hole 4113 along its length. A fastener (not shown) passes through the elongated hole 4113 and the fixing hole 3322c in sequence. The fastener may be a flat-head screw. There are two elongated holes 4113 and two fixing holes 3322c. The two elongated holes 4113 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the window 4112, such as... Figure 4 As shown, there are two fasteners.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, from Figure 3On the side where the crank 331 is located, along the first direction XX, two fasteners pass through the elongated hole 4113 and the corresponding fixing hole 3322c of the limiting part 3322a. During the operation of the grinding device, the fasteners are no longer disassembled, and at the same time, the fasteners do not lock the limiting part 3322a and the pressing part 411. The tensioning slider 3322 can move flexibly on the lead screw 3321, preventing the slider from shifting or even falling off from the side of the limiting part 3322a.

[0067] In one embodiment, the limiting assembly further includes an elastic mechanism 430, one end of which is fixed to the sliding platform 100, and the other end of which is fixed to the swing member 410. The elastic mechanism 430 provides a pulling force to the swing member 410 in the direction of approaching the wall panel 10. The elastic mechanism 430 may be a tension spring, with specifications of wire diameter 1.2 mm, outer diameter 15 mm, and length 60 mm, to provide grinding pressure in case of overcutting.

[0068] Specifically, such as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the elastic mechanism 430 has a first fixing structure 431 and a second fixing structure 432 at both ends, facilitating the connection of the elastic mechanism 430 to the sliding platform 100 and the swing member 410, ensuring connection feasibility under a defined assembly sequence. The first fixing structure 431 fixes one end of the tension spring of the swing member 410 and the elastic mechanism 430, while the second fixing structure 432 fixes the other end of the tension spring of the sliding platform 100 and the elastic mechanism 430, allowing the elastic mechanism 430 to move along with the sliding platform. Both the first fixing structure 431 and the second fixing structure 432 have multiple screw holes for bolt fixing. Considering spatial layout, avoiding interference with other components, and ensuring connection stability, both are L-shaped and arranged in different directions, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0069] In the technology of using a handheld cutting machine for grinding, the cutting machine has a certain weight, and grinding with a handheld cutting machine for a long time will consume a lot of the worker's physical strength, which will further affect the grinding quality.

[0070] In one embodiment, the polishing device of the present invention further includes a base plate 700 and a magnetic component 710. A reciprocating drive assembly 500, a sliding platform 100, and the magnetic component 710 are disposed on the base plate 700. The magnetic component 710 is magnetic and can be attracted to the metal wall panel 10. The magnetic component 710 can be a magnet or a negative pressure suction cup, and the number can be four, respectively fixed at the four corners of the base plate 700. Especially when the wall panel 10 is vertical, the metal protrusion 11 may be a certain distance from the ground, positioned relatively high (0.5~3.0m relative to the working platform). By attracting the polishing device of the present invention to the vertical wall panel 10 using the magnetic component 710, polishing operations can be performed without constant manual holding, ensuring the stability and polishing effect of the polishing operation.

[0071] Combination Figures 9 to 11 The base plate 700 is C-shaped, and the reciprocating drive assembly 500 and the sliding platform 100 are located in the middle of the base plate 700. Lifting lugs 720 are also provided at the four corners of the base plate 700 for easy hoisting.

[0072] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the grinding device of the present invention also includes a handle 730 and a protective cover 740. The handle 730 improves the portability of the device and makes it easy to lift; the protective cover 740 prevents sparks from splashing out and protects the safety of the operator. The protective cover 740 has multiple observation holes to facilitate the operator's observation of sparks.

[0073] It should be noted that, in Figure 1 The protective cover 740 also includes a portion located on the side of the grinding execution assembly 200, which encloses the grinding execution assembly 200 and other components. To facilitate displaying the grinding execution assembly 200 and other components inside the protective cover 740, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The protective cover 740 is not shown in the image.

[0074] This invention employs a single-axis reciprocating grinding design. The width of the sanding belt 230 (i.e., the width of the sanding belt 230 in the first direction XX) can be relatively large, specifically 70mm, to cover a larger grinding width range and cover the entire grinding position in one go as much as possible, thereby avoiding repeated disassembly and reassembly of the moving device. When the width of the sanding belt 230 is sufficient, lateral movements (perpendicular to the grinding direction, i.e., the first direction XX) can be avoided, simplifying the design of the grinding device and eliminating the need to move the grinding wheel 210 laterally in the first direction XX. If the width of the sanding belt 230 is even larger, in order to cover a larger width and complete the grinding requirement within a specified time, a larger grinding motor power is required, resulting in a heavier grinding device and a significant reduction in portability and practicality.

[0075] If the grinding width is narrow, such as when grinding long straight welds, the width of the sanding belt 230 and the grinding wheel 210 can be appropriately reduced as long as they can cover the grinding range on the left and right (first direction XX).

[0076] like Figure 11 As shown, in one embodiment, the reciprocating drive assembly 500 includes a linear drive mechanism 510, a guide slider 520, and a guide rail 530. The guide rail 530 is disposed on the side of the linear drive mechanism 510 and parallel to the lead screw 513. Two guide sliders 520 are spaced apart on the guide rail 530 to enhance guiding stability. A slider shim 540 is fixed to each guide slider 520 to match the height of the sliding platform 100. The guide slider 520 is fixedly connected to the sliding platform 100 via the slider shim 540. The drive motor 511 can drive the lead screw 513 to rotate, thereby driving the lead screw nut 515 to move linearly along the second direction YY. Under the combined guiding action of the lead screw nut 515 and the guide slider 520, the sliding platform 100 can move linearly along the second direction YY.

[0077] The lead screw model can be selected as SUF1204-4, and the guide rail model can be selected as HIWIN's EGW15SA. Compared with the conventional MGW series rails, this model of guide rail has the characteristics of "low height + high rigidity / high load + mounting surface error absorption" to ensure the stability of high-speed operation.

[0078] In one embodiment, a bellows cover 810 and end baffles 820 are also provided on the base plate 700. The reciprocating drive assembly 500 is housed within the bellows cover 810, which is foldable or extendable in the second direction YY to accommodate the movement of the sliding platform 100. The end baffles 820 are connected to both ends of the bellows cover 810 for fixing the bellows cover 810.

[0079] like Figure 12 As shown, due to the height limitation of the drive motor, a recessed portion 701 is provided on the base plate 700 to accommodate the linear drive mechanism 510 and the guide rail 530, thereby reducing the overall height and weight of the machine body. The side of the guide rail 530 is positioned by a limiting step 702 to prevent the guide rail 530 from shifting left or right, thus achieving the function of positioning the guide rail 530.

[0080] The reciprocating motion of the linear drive mechanism can be controlled via a control module (such as an embedded PLC), thus enabling reciprocating grinding. The control box with the built-in control module and the protective cover 740 are integrated into a single structure, saving space and weight. The dust cover is equipped with a control switch and a current display screen 770.

[0081] Optionally, a 90° gearbox 750 is fixed to the sliding platform 100, and a bearing assembly 600 is fixed to the side of the gearbox 750. The gearbox 750 connects the drive unit 240 and the drive shaft 221 to form the machine head. The top of the machine head is sealed with a sheet metal part 760 for easy lubrication and maintenance.

[0082] The grinding device of the present invention can be controlled by a mobile hand control box (not shown), and has the functions of machine head start control, machine head forward and backward movement, and feed speed adjustment.

[0083] Since the center distance between the drive wheel 220 and the grinding wheel 210 remains unchanged, the sanding belt 230 can be tensioned by three wheels by changing the distance between the tension wheel 310 and the grinding wheel 210 in order to facilitate the replacement of the sanding belt 230.

[0084] In traditional manual grinding or other grinding methods, the object of observation is the metal protrusion 11. Since the grinding disc covers the grinding area during grinding, it needs to be removed to observe or measure the remaining metal protrusion 11. Generally, the traditional manual grinding procedure for such residual weld / metal protrusion 11 is as follows: Figure 12 As shown.

[0085] In conjunction with the embodiments of the above-described polishing apparatus, the polishing method of the present invention is applied to the polishing apparatus described in the above embodiments. For example... Figure 13 As shown, the polishing method includes steps S100 to S500:

[0086] In step S100, the grinding device is moved and arranged on the wall panel 10.

[0087] In step S200, the grinding wheel 210 of the grinding device is aligned with the metal protrusion 11 to be ground. Steps S100 and S200 require manual operation.

[0088] In step S300, the grinding device is turned on, and the sanding belt 230 rotates to grind the metal protrusion 11.

[0089] In step S400, the amount of sparks generated during polishing is observed.

[0090] In step S500, the grinding operation of the metal protrusion 11 is determined based on the amount of sparks.

[0091] According to steps S400 and S500, the object observed in the polishing method of the present invention is the spark. Due to the height limit design, if the spark is relatively large, it indicates that the abrasive belt 230 of the enveloping polishing wheel 210 has contacted the metal protrusion 11 first. At this time, the operation can continue polishing. If there is no spark or the amount of spark is very small, it is judged that the polishing is complete. This process can be judged as complete without removing the polishing equipment.

[0092] Using the grinding apparatus of the present invention for grinding reduces the steps of removing the equipment and simplifies the grinding process; on the other hand, the grinding method parallel to the base material avoids the risk of damaging the base material.

[0093] The control module of the grinding device of this invention integrates a Hall sensor to detect the current value of the grinding motor. When the sanding belt 230 is effectively grinding, the current is relatively high; when grinding is ineffective, the current value returns to and stabilizes at a lower value. The operator can determine whether grinding is complete by observing the size of the sparks or the current value displayed on the current display screen 770. Detecting the current is only a supplementary method for confirming the grinding status and is not a necessary means.

[0094] The grinding device of this invention can be stably fixed on the vertical wall panel 10. By monitoring the spark size in real time (supplemented by observing the real-time current value), the operator can accurately judge the state of the metal protrusions 11 during the grinding process. The grinding wheel 210 can automatically adjust the grinding force according to the height of the protrusion and the preset standard, effectively preventing damage to the base material. During the grinding process, the elastic mechanism 430 can play a role in buffering and shock absorption. Especially when dealing with positions with high protrusion, the reciprocating drive component 500 can precisely control the reciprocating movement of the grinding wheel 210 along the protrusion point to ensure uniform grinding. In addition, the tensioning component 300 of this invention is cleverly designed, making the replacement of the sanding belt 230 simple and quick, further improving work efficiency and convenience. In summary, this invention not only improves the automation level of grinding operations, but also significantly improves grinding efficiency and safety, and is suitable for grinding needs in various complex working conditions.

[0095] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the grinding direction of the sanding belt 230 is always parallel to the surface of the base material, which is different from the traditional angle grinder grinding at an inclined angle. This avoids the problem of damaging the base material, simplifies the operation steps of the construction personnel, reduces repeated observation and measurement work, and reduces the labor intensity of the construction personnel when grinding by using mechanized reciprocating grinding to replace manual reciprocating grinding action.

[0096] The grinding device of this invention is specifically designed for grinding the remaining metal protrusions 11 after the temporary accessories of the steel containment vessel of a nuclear power plant have been removed. In one specific embodiment, the metal protrusion 11 is a rectangle measuring 70×70mm with a thickness of 0-10mm. The overall weight of the grinding device is approximately 15kg, and its dimensions are 500×260×230mm. After 120 grinding tests, it was found that the grinding time of this invention is 2-8 minutes (depending on the thickness of the metal being ground and the condition of the 230 grit abrasive belt). After grinding, the edges are smoothly transitioned, and the grinding depth into the base material is less than 0.25mm, meeting the requirements for project construction and use.

[0097] Compared to conventional manual angle grinder grinding, the assembly / disassembly before and after grinding is slightly more troublesome (using magnets to attach to the tank wall). However, grinding is a one-button operation. The grinding wheel 210 will roll back and forth within the grinding range. The operator only needs to observe the size of the sparks (the main basis for judgment) and the size of the grinding current (supplementary basis for judgment) from a distance, without having to move the equipment or the grinding head to observe and measure whether the grinding position meets the requirements.

[0098] The grinding device of the present invention integrates grinding execution components, limiting components, tensioning components, reciprocating drive components, etc. in a small space. The components are arranged in a cross pattern to ensure that the base material is not damaged during the grinding process, while being able to stably (i.e., the long circumference of the abrasive belt allows for fast heat dissipation and good durability), quickly (i.e., the abrasive belt using ceramic aluminum alloy abrasive can mill metal), and completely remove residual welds or other metal protrusions.

[0099] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the invention, fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polishing device, characterized in that, Used for polishing metal protrusions on a straight panel; The grinding device includes a sliding platform, a grinding execution component, a tensioning component, a limiting component, and a reciprocating drive component; wherein... The grinding execution assembly includes a grinding wheel, a drive wheel, a sanding belt, and a drive component; the tensioning assembly includes a tensioning wheel; the sanding belt is connected between the grinding wheel, the tensioning wheel, and the drive wheel; the drive component is disposed on the sliding platform and connected to the drive shaft of the drive wheel. The limiting assembly includes a swing element and a limiting wheel; The first end of the swing member is connected to the grinding wheel and the limiting wheel, wherein the difference between the sum of the radius of the grinding wheel and the thickness of the sanding belt and the limiting wheel is greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to the preset wall panel recess depth. The second end of the swing member is rotatably connected to the sliding platform via a bearing assembly. The bearing assembly and the drive shaft are coaxially arranged, and there is a gap between the bearing assembly and the drive shaft. The grinding execution assembly also includes a retainer, and the grinding shaft of the drive shaft and the grinding wheel is connected to the retainer; The tensioning assembly further includes an adjusting shaft and an adjusting member. The adjusting member is connected to the adjusting shaft, and the adjusting shaft is connected to the retainer. The tensioning shaft of the tensioning wheel is fixed to the adjusting shaft. The adjusting member can drive the adjusting shaft to rotate, thereby changing the distance between the tensioning wheel and the grinding wheel. The reciprocating drive assembly is connected to the sliding platform to drive the sliding platform, the grinding execution assembly, the tensioning assembly, and the limiting assembly to reciprocate in a direction perpendicular to the grinding axis and parallel to the wall panel. The adjusting component includes a guide rod, and the guide rod includes a lead screw; The guide rod also includes a handle, which is fixed to the end of the lead screw; The swinging component includes a pressing part and a fixing block; The pressing part provides an installation channel, the lead screw is received in the installation channel, and the handle is located outside the installation channel; The lead screw has a recessed portion, the fixing block has a groove, the recessed portion of the lead screw is engaged in the groove of the fixing block, and the fixing block is fixed to the pressing portion; The first end of the grinding shaft is fixed to the retainer; The second end of the grinding shaft passes through the second end of the pressing part and the limiting wheel; The grinding shaft is fixed to the lower pressing part, and the limiting wheel is rotatably inserted through the grinding shaft; The limiting component also includes an elastic mechanism, one end of which is fixed to the sliding platform and the other end of which is fixed to the swing member; The elastic mechanism provides a pulling force to the swing member in the direction of moving towards the wall panel.

2. The polishing apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting component also includes a crank; The crank and the adjusting shaft are fixedly connected, and the crank is provided with a guide groove; The guide rod has a guide protrusion that contacts the guide groove and can slide within the guide groove; The guide rod moves the guide protrusion, causing it to slide within the guide groove, thereby rotating the crank and consequently driving the adjusting shaft to rotate.

3. The polishing apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The guide rod also includes a tensioning slider; The guide protrusion is disposed on the tensioning slider, and the tensioning slider cooperates with the lead screw; The lead screw is configured to be operably rotated to move the tensioning slider along the lead screw.

4. The polishing apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The tensioning slider includes a limiting part and a sliding part; The sliding part and the lead screw are threadedly engaged; The guide protrusion and the limiting part are disposed on opposite sides of the sliding part; The mounting channel is provided along the length direction of the pressing part, and the mounting channel includes a window that extends through the pressing part in a direction perpendicular to its length; The sliding part can move within the window under the guidance of the lead screw, and the limiting part and the pressing part abut against each other.

5. The polishing apparatus as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting part is provided with a fixing hole, and the pressing part is provided with an elongated hole along the length direction. The fastener passes through the elongated hole and the fixing hole in sequence.

6. The polishing apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The reciprocating drive assembly includes a linear drive mechanism, a guide slider, and a guide rail; The linear drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a lead screw, and a lead screw nut. The drive motor is connected to the lead screw, and the lead screw nut cooperates with the lead screw to convert the rotational motion of the lead screw into linear movement. The guide slider is disposed on the guide rail and can slide along the guide rail, which is parallel to the lead screw; The lead screw nut and the guide slider are both fixedly connected to the sliding platform; and / or The polishing device also includes a base plate and a magnetic component; The reciprocating drive assembly and the magnetic component are disposed on the base plate; The magnetic component is magnetic and can be adsorbed onto a metal wall panel.

7. A polishing method, characterized in that, Applied to the polishing apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-6; The polishing method includes: Move the polishing device and arrange it on the wall panel; Align the grinding wheel of the grinding device with the metal protrusion to be ground; The grinding device is turned on, and the sanding belt rotates to grind the metal protrusions; Observe the amount of sparks produced during polishing; The amount of sparks determines whether the grinding of the metal protrusions is complete.

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