Universal automatic loading and unloading clamp

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of casting fixture, in particular to a universal automatic feeding and discharging clamp, which comprises a mounting frame, a plug-in mechanism and a pair of clamping arm mechanisms arranged on the mounting frame; the pair of clamping arm mechanisms are mirror image arranged at the bottom end of the mounting frame; the plug-in mechanism is provided with a first plug-in rod arranged in the longitudinal direction and capable of driving the first plug-in rod to move in the longitudinal direction; the clamping arm mechanism comprises an arm rod and a chuck sleeved on the arm rod, and the arm rod is capable of moving in the transverse direction; the outer side of the chuck is provided with a clamping block, and the inner end face is provided with a second plug-in rod arranged in the longitudinal direction. The second plug-in rod is integrated on the plug-in mechanism, which optimizes the equipment structure of the plug-in clamping mode, reduces the occupied space of the plug-in mechanism, and makes the plug-in mechanism more easily avoid the workpiece when working in the abutting clamping mode, further improves the clamping adaptability to different types of workpieces, is suitable for the same type of multiple types, mixed line and other production modes, and greatly improves the production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of casting fixtures and tooling technology, specifically to a general-purpose automatic loading and unloading fixture. Background Technology

[0002] The transportation of castings is subject to strict requirements on the production cycle. For large castings weighing over 100 kilograms, manual hoisting is generally used for loading and unloading. Because the surface temperature of castings fresh from the forging furnace is high, the high temperature has a significant impact on workers during manual hoisting, resulting in low efficiency in loading and unloading castings. Furthermore, since most castings weigh over 100 kilograms, manual hoisting may pose a serious safety hazard, with the risk of burns from the high temperature and injuries from falling parts.

[0003] Therefore, using automated fixtures to transport large castings is a trend. Compared to manual hoisting, automated fixtures offer higher efficiency and safety in loading and unloading. However, the types and quantities of castings involved in the operation are numerous, while the existing automated fixtures have relatively simple clamping methods. This leads to frequent changes of the fixture's chucks during operation, and the chucks are large, heavy, and cumbersome to operate, resulting in low transportation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a universal automatic loading and unloading fixture, which solves the technical problem that the existing automatic fixtures have a relatively simple clamping method, resulting in poor adaptability to clamping different types of castings.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the general-purpose automatic loading and unloading fixture of the present invention includes a mounting frame, a plug-in mechanism and a pair of clamping arm mechanisms disposed on the mounting frame; the pair of clamping arm mechanisms are mirror-disposed at the bottom end of the mounting frame; The insertion mechanism has a first insertion rod arranged longitudinally, and can drive the first insertion rod to move longitudinally; The clamping arm mechanism includes an arm and a clamp sleeved on the arm, and the arm is capable of moving laterally; the outer side of the clamp is provided with a clamping block, and the inner end face is provided with a second insert rod arranged longitudinally.

[0006] Optionally, the chuck includes a connecting block, an L-shaped clamping plate, and a concave clamping plate; The connecting block is sleeved on the arm; the horizontal plate of the L-shaped clamping plate is connected to the arm by a first bolt; the vertical plate of the L-shaped clamping plate is engaged with the inner side of the connecting block; the concave clamping plate is disposed on the outer side of the connecting block, and the two are connected by a second bolt. The clamping block is connected to the side of the concave card plate opposite to the connecting block by a third bolt; the second insert rod is connected to the inner end face of the concave card plate by a fourth bolt.

[0007] Optionally, the connecting block is constructed as a cross-shaped block; The two corners of the cross-shaped block facing the concave plate are engaged with the grooves of the concave plate. The two corners of the cross-shaped block that are away from the concave card plate are engaged with a pair of L-shaped card plates in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0008] Optionally, the horizontal plate of the L-shaped card is embedded in the arm; A seventh bolt is threaded onto the L-shaped plate; the seventh bolt abuts against the corner of the cross-shaped block facing the L-shaped plate.

[0009] Optionally, the general-purpose automatic loading and unloading fixture further includes a top support mechanism; the top support mechanism includes a first driver, a first connecting rod, and a first L-shaped locking block; The first driver is mounted on the mounting bracket; the telescopic rod of the first driver is connected to one end of the first connecting rod; the other end of the first connecting rod is connected to the first L-shaped locking block, and the first L-shaped locking block is disposed away from the second insert rod; the first driver can drive the first L-shaped locking block to move longitudinally. The outer end face of the concave card plate is connected to a second L-shaped card block by a fifth bolt.

[0010] Optionally, the chuck further includes a snap-fit ​​block; A locking groove is formed longitudinally on the outer side of the cross-shaped block; the locking block is connected to the locking groove by bolts. The two ends of the snap-fit ​​block abut against the nuts of the fourth bolt and the fifth bolt respectively.

[0011] Optionally, the chuck protrudes from the outer side of the arm; The top surface of the chuck and the outer side of the arm form an L-shaped engagement surface.

[0012] Optionally, a self-locking nut is threaded onto the boom; The self-locking nut abuts against the bottom surface of the collet.

[0013] Optionally, the insertion mechanism further includes a telescopic driver and a second link; The telescopic actuator is mounted on the mounting bracket; One end of the second connecting rod is connected to the telescopic rod of the telescopic driver, and the other end has a slot arranged vertically. The first insertion rod includes a sixth bolt and a nut connected by threads; the nut abuts against the outer wall of the second connecting rod.

[0014] Optionally, the general-purpose automatic loading and unloading fixture further includes a sliding assembly, a hydraulic cylinder moving assembly, and a servo adjustment mechanism mounted on the bottom end of the mounting frame; A pair of clamping arm mechanisms are respectively disposed at the bottom ends of the sliding assembly and the servo adjustment mechanism; the servo adjustment mechanism can drive the clamping arm mechanism to move laterally; The hydraulic cylinder moving assembly is connected to the sliding assembly so as to drive the sliding assembly to move laterally.

[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects The beneficial effects of this invention are: The insertion mechanism and a pair of clamping arms work together effectively. When abutment clamping of a workpiece is required, the insertion mechanism drives the first insertion rod to move longitudinally, moving it away from the arms and avoiding interference with the abutment clamping method. For insertion clamping, first align the first insertion rod with a corresponding insertion hole, then adjust the longitudinal spacing of the pair of second insertion rods. A six-axis robot then inserts the pair of second insertion rods into the corresponding insertion holes. Finally, driven by the insertion mechanism, the first insertion rod is inserted into the corresponding insertion hole, thus completing the insertion clamping of the workpiece. This universal automatic loading and unloading fixture can achieve both abutment clamping and insertion clamping of workpieces, offering flexible usage and strong adaptability to clamping different models and types of workpieces. Furthermore, the spatial layout of each component is reasonable; when one method is used, the component corresponding to the other clamping method does not need to be disassembled, ensuring operational efficiency.

[0016] The second insertion rod is integrated into the insertion mechanism, so that the clamping block and the second insertion rod are distributed on different functional surfaces of the chuck. This optimizes the equipment structure of the insertion clamping method, reduces the space occupied by the insertion mechanism, and makes it easier for the insertion mechanism to avoid the workpiece when operating in the abutment clamping method. In other words, it can clamp and transport larger workpieces, further improving the adaptability to clamping different types of workpieces. It is suitable for production modes such as multiple models of the same type and mixed lines, which greatly improves production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the general-purpose automatic loading and unloading fixture of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a rear view of the universal automatic loading and unloading fixture of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a right view of the universal automatic loading and unloading fixture of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the clamping arm mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the servo adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic cylinder moving assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the universal automatic loading and unloading fixture and the cylinder of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the universal automatic loading and unloading fixture and the cylinder head of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the universal automatic loading and unloading fixture and the brake drum cylinder cover of the present invention.

[0018] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image] 1: Mounting bracket; 2: Insertion mechanism; 21: First insertion rod; 22: Telescopic actuator; 23: Second connecting rod; 231: Slot; 3: Clamping arm mechanism; 31: Arm; 311: Self-locking nut; 32: Clamp; 321: Clamping block; 322: Second insert rod; 323: Connecting block; 3231: Snap-fit ​​groove; 324: L-shaped clamping plate; 325: Concave clamping plate; 326: Second L-shaped clamping block; 327: Snap-fitting block; 4: Support mechanism; 41: First driver; 42: First connecting rod; 43: First L-shaped locking block; 5: Sliding assembly; 6: Hydraulic cylinder moving assembly; 61: Hydraulic cylinder; 62: Connecting rod; 63: Moving seat; 7: Servo adjustment mechanism; 71: Motor; 72: Guide seat; 73: Push rod; 74: Push plate; 75: Guide rod; 8: Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0021] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0022] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; "connection" can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] See Figures 1 to 3 This invention provides a universal automatic loading and unloading fixture, which includes a mounting frame 1, a plug-in mechanism 2, and a pair of clamping arm mechanisms 3 mounted on the mounting frame 1. The pair of clamping arm mechanisms 3 are mirror-mounted at the bottom end of the mounting frame 1. The plug-in mechanism 2 has a first plug rod 21 arranged longitudinally and is capable of driving the first plug rod 21 to move longitudinally. The clamping arm mechanism 3 includes an arm 31 and a clamp 32 sleeved on the arm 31, and the arm 31 is capable of moving laterally. The outer side of the clamp 32 is provided with a clamping block 321, and the inner end face is provided with a second plug rod 322 arranged longitudinally. The clamping block 321 is provided with anti-slip texture to ensure the stability of clamping the workpiece 8.

[0024] The universal automatic loading and unloading fixture of this invention can be integrated into a six-axis robotic arm, collaboratively driving the core-lowering action, enabling efficient clamping and transportation of high-temperature castings. Here, the horizontal direction is the sliding direction of the clamping arm mechanism 3, the vertical direction is the sliding direction of the insertion mechanism 2, and the vertical dimension is the height direction. For example... Figure 1 As shown, taking the left-side clamping arm mechanism 3 as an example, the outer side of the clamp 32 is the left side wall of the clamp 32, the inner side of the clamp 32 is the right side wall of the clamp 32, the outer end face of the clamp 32 is the front side wall of the clamp 32 (i.e. the side facing away from the first connecting rod 42), and the inner end face of the clamp 32 is the rear side wall of the clamp 32 (i.e. the side facing the first connecting rod 42).

[0025] A pair of clamping arm mechanisms 3 are mirror-mounted at the bottom of the mounting frame 1 and can move laterally. By reversing the movement of the pair of clamping arm mechanisms 3, the workpiece 8 can be clamped, causing the pair of clamping blocks 321 to abut against the side walls of the workpiece 8, thus achieving abutment clamping. Figure 7As shown, in this embodiment, the workpiece 8 is a cylinder body, and a pair of arms 31 can extend into the top opening of the workpiece 8, so that a pair of chucks 32 abut against the inner wall of the pair of openings, thereby achieving abutment and clamping of the workpiece 8.

[0026] The first insertion rod 21 is longitudinally disposed on the insertion mechanism 2, and the second insertion rod 322 is longitudinally disposed on the inner end face of the clamp 32, such that the first insertion rod 21 and the second insertion rod 322 are arranged opposite each other. A pair of arms 31 can move laterally to adjust the distance between the pair of second insertion rods 322, and the longitudinal distance between the first insertion rod 21 and the second insertion rod 322 is adjusted through the insertion mechanism 2 to achieve the insertion clamping method. (See also...) Figure 8 In this embodiment, the workpiece 8 is a cylinder head. Multiple insertion holes are provided on the side wall of the workpiece 8, so that the first insertion rod 21 and a pair of second insertion rods 322 can be inserted into the three insertion holes to realize the insertion and clamping of the workpiece 8.

[0027] The insertion mechanism 2 and a pair of clamping arm mechanisms 3 work together effectively. When it is necessary to clamp the workpiece 8, the insertion mechanism 2 drives the first insertion rod 21 to move longitudinally, moving the first insertion rod 21 away from the arm 31, thus avoiding interference with the clamping method. When clamping is required, the first insertion rod 21 is first aligned with a insertion hole, then the longitudinal distance between the pair of second insertion rods 322 is adjusted. The six-axis manipulator then inserts the pair of second insertion rods 322 into the corresponding insertion holes. Finally, driven by the insertion mechanism 2, the first insertion rod 21 is inserted into the corresponding insertion hole, thus completing the clamping of the workpiece 8. This universal automatic loading and unloading fixture can clamp the workpiece 8 through both abutment and insertion methods, offering flexible usage and strong adaptability to clamping different models and types of workpieces 8. Furthermore, the spatial layout of each component is reasonable; when one method is used, the component corresponding to the other clamping method does not need to be disassembled, ensuring operational efficiency.

[0028] The second insertion rod 322 is integrated into the insertion mechanism 2, so that the clamping block 321 and the second insertion rod 322 are distributed on different functional surfaces of the chuck 32, which optimizes the equipment structure of the insertion clamping method, reduces the space occupied by the insertion mechanism 2, and makes it easier to avoid the workpiece 8 when operating in the abutment clamping method. That is, it can clamp and transport larger workpieces 8, further improving the clamping adaptability to different types of workpieces 8. It is suitable for production modes such as multiple models of the same type and mixed lines, which greatly improves production efficiency.

[0029] See Figure 4The chuck 32 includes a connecting block 323, an L-shaped clamping plate 324, and a concave clamping plate 325. The connecting block 323 is sleeved on the boom 31. The horizontal plate of the L-shaped clamping plate 324 is connected to the boom 31 by a first bolt, and the vertical plate of the L-shaped clamping plate 324 is engaged with the inner side of the connecting block 323 so that the L-shaped clamping plate 324 can limit the rotation of the connecting block 323 and prevent the chuck 32 from rotating on the boom 31 during operation. The concave clamping plate 325 is disposed on the outer side of the connecting block 323, and the two are connected by a second bolt. The side of the clamping block 321 facing away from the connecting block 323, i.e., the inner side, is connected by a third bolt. The second insert rod 322 is connected to the inner end face of the concave clamping plate 325 by a fourth bolt. Specifically, the chuck 32 is designed as a split structure, making the connecting block 323, L-shaped clamping plate 324, and concave clamping plate 325 easy to disassemble, facilitating the replacement of different models of chuck 32 and improving the adaptability to clamping different models of workpieces 8. Furthermore, the second insert rod 322 and the clamping block 321 are both integrated onto the concave clamping plate 325. Clamping components can be provided on the outer side, outer end face, and inner end face of the concave clamping plate 325. Therefore, when changing the model of the chuck 32, it is not necessary to frequently disassemble and assemble the connecting block 323; only the concave clamping plate 325 and its clamping components need to be disassembled and assembled, improving the convenience of disassembly and assembly when changing the model of the chuck 32. Optionally, a circular groove is formed on the inner end face of the concave clamping plate 325. The second insert rod 322 engages with the circular groove and is then connected by a fourth bolt. The circular groove effectively improves the connection strength between the second insert rod 322 and the concave clamping plate 325.

[0030] Furthermore, the connecting block 323 is constructed as a cross-shaped block; the two corners of the cross-shaped block facing the concave clamping plate 325 engage with the grooves of the concave clamping plate 325, and a right-angled prism adapted to the corner is provided on the groove; the two corners of the cross-shaped block away from the concave clamping plate 325 engage with a pair of L-shaped clamping plates 324 respectively. Specifically, the four corners of the cross-shaped block can abut against the surfaces of the concave clamping plate 325 and the L-shaped clamping plate 324, which greatly improves the structural strength and connection stability of the chuck 32 and enhances its adaptability to clamping heavy workpieces 8. At the same time, the high-precision fit at the corners of the concave clamping plate 325 reduces the alignment time of various through holes and threaded holes, and improves the ease of assembly and disassembly of the chuck 32.

[0031] Optionally, the horizontal plate of the L-shaped clamping plate 324 is embedded in the arm 31; a seventh bolt is threaded onto the L-shaped clamping plate 324; the seventh bolt abuts against the corner of the cross-shaped block facing the L-shaped clamping plate 324. Specifically, the horizontal plate of the L-shaped clamping plate 324 is fully or partially embedded in the arm 31, and the arm 31 vertically and longitudinally limits the horizontal plate of the L-shaped clamping plate 324, and the first bolt further fixes the arm 31 and the horizontal plate of the L-shaped clamping plate 324. In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the horizontal plate of the L-shaped clamping plate 324 and the top surface of the rod at the sleeve of the arm 31 are located in the same horizontal plane, so that the top surface of the cross-shaped block abuts against both the arm 31 and the horizontal plates of the pair of L-shaped clamping plates 324. This can be regarded as the horizontal plate of the L-shaped clamping plate 324 being able to vertically limit the longitudinal extension of the cross-shaped block, further improving the connection stability of the arm 31 and the clamp 32. The vertical plate of the L-shaped clamping plate 324 engages with the corner of the connecting block 323. By setting a pair of vertical plates, the rotation of the connecting block 323 on the arm 31 can be effectively limited. On this basis, by tightening the seventh bolt, the seventh bolt is pressed against the corner of the connecting block 323, which can eliminate the gap between the vertical plate and the corner of the connecting block 323, further enhancing the connection stability of the arm 31 and the clamp 32, and preventing the clamp 32 from shifting or rotating during operation.

[0032] Secondly, the general-purpose automatic loading and unloading fixture also includes a top support mechanism 4; the top support mechanism 4 includes a first driver 41, a first connecting rod 42, and a first L-shaped locking block 43; the first driver 41 is mounted on the mounting bracket 1; the telescopic rod of the first driver 41 is connected to one end of the first connecting rod 42; the other end of the first connecting rod 42 is connected to the first L-shaped locking block 43, and the first L-shaped locking block 43 is positioned away from the second insert rod 322; the first driver 41 can drive the first L-shaped locking block 43 to move longitudinally; the outer end face of the concave locking plate 325 is connected to a second L-shaped locking block 326 by a fifth bolt. In this embodiment, the first driver 41 is a cylinder, and the first driver 41 can drive the first connecting rod 42 to move longitudinally, thereby adjusting the position of the first L-shaped locking block 43 in the longitudinal direction, realizing the adjustment of the longitudinal distance between the first L-shaped locking block 43 and the second L-shaped locking block 326. Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the workpiece 8 is a brake drum cylinder cover. The top surface of the workpiece 8 has an annular plate. The first L-shaped clamping block 43 and the second L-shaped clamping block 326 can correspondingly abut against the bottom and side surfaces of the annular plate, achieving a hook-grip method, further improving the universal automatic loading and unloading fixture's ability to handle different models and types of workpieces. Similarly, integrating the second L-shaped clamping block 326 onto the outer end face of the concave clamping plate 325 further improves the assembly and disassembly efficiency of the chuck 32.

[0033] In addition, the chuck 32 also includes a snap-fit ​​block 327; a snap-fit ​​groove 3231 is longitudinally formed on the outer side of the connecting block 323; the snap-fit ​​block 327 and the snap-fit ​​groove 3231 are connected by a sixth bolt; the two ends of the snap-fit ​​block 327 abut against the nuts of the fourth bolt and the fifth bolt respectively. In this embodiment, the nuts of the fourth bolt and the fifth bolt are built into the groove of the concave clamping plate 325. When clamping and transporting large workpieces 8, stress concentration occurs at the bolt threads, affecting the service life of the bolts. Based on this, a snap-fit ​​block 327 is added so that the nuts of the fourth bolt and the fifth bolt can abut against the snap-fit ​​block 327 respectively, realizing combined force distribution, effectively distributing the force at the threads of the fourth bolt and the fifth bolt, extending the service life of the fourth bolt and the fifth bolt, and improving the structural strength and transportation stability of the chuck 32.

[0034] See you again Figure 1 The chuck 32 protrudes from the outer side of the arm 31; the top surface of the chuck 32 and the outer side of the arm 31 form an L-shaped engagement surface. In one embodiment, the wall surface of the workpiece 8 can abut against the clamping block 321, and the edge or clamping block structure of the workpiece 8 can abut against the L-shaped engagement surface. Compared with the clamping block 321 using anti-slip texture for vertical frictional limiting, the L-shaped engagement surface can provide vertical support for the workpiece 8, further improving the stability of the chuck 32 during transportation. Optionally, the inner side of the chuck 32 is constructed as a vertical plane, which can abut against the wall surface of the workpiece 8 to limit the workpiece 8 laterally and prevent the workpiece 8 from swinging.

[0035] Secondly, a self-locking nut 311 is threaded onto the boom 31; the self-locking nut 311 abuts against the bottom surface of the chuck 32. Specifically, the self-locking nut 311 is secured by a pair of nuts abutting and tightening. After the self-locking nut 311 is removed, the connecting block 323 can be disassembled and replaced with a different model of connecting block 323. The boom 31 and the connecting block 323 are connected by a sleeved connection, which not only ensures the stability of the connection and improves the adaptability to clamping and transporting large workpieces 8, but also makes the chuck 32 easy to disassemble and assemble, reducing the time spent changing the model of the chuck 32.

[0036] In addition, the insertion mechanism 2 also includes a telescopic actuator 22 and a second connecting rod 23; the telescopic actuator 22 is mounted on the mounting bracket 1; one end of the second connecting rod 23 is connected to the telescopic rod of the telescopic actuator 22, and the other end has a vertically arranged slot 231; the first insertion rod 21 includes a threaded sixth bolt and a nut; the nut abuts against the outer wall of the second connecting rod 23. Specifically, the telescopic actuator 22 can be an electric push rod, a pneumatic cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder. The slot 231 is an elongated slot, and the first insertion rod 21 can move vertically within the elongated slot to adjust the vertical position of the first insertion rod 21, improving the insertion adaptability to insertion holes with different opening positions on the workpiece 8. Constructing the first insertion rod 21 as a bolt and nut connection improves the convenience of adjusting the vertical height of the first insertion rod 21.

[0037] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the general-purpose automatic loading and unloading fixture also includes a sliding assembly 5, a hydraulic cylinder moving assembly 6, and a servo adjustment mechanism 7 mounted on the bottom of the mounting frame 1; a pair of clamping arm mechanisms 3 are correspondingly arranged on the bottom of the sliding assembly 5 and the servo adjustment mechanism 7; the servo adjustment mechanism 7 can drive the clamping arm mechanism 3 to move laterally; the hydraulic cylinder moving assembly 6 is connected to the sliding assembly 5 so as to drive the sliding assembly 5 to move laterally. In this embodiment, the sliding assembly 5 is an existing slide rail slider module. The servo adjustment mechanism 7 includes a motor 71 (integrated with a reducer), a guide seat 72, a push rod 73, a push plate 74, and a guide rod 75; the motor 71 and the push plate 74 are correspondingly mounted on the mounting frame 1; one end of the push rod 73 is connected to the motor 71, and the other end is connected to the push plate 74; the guide rod 75 is connected to the push plate 74 and is slidably connected to the guide seat 72 laterally; the motor 71 can drive the guide seat 72 to move laterally; a clamping arm mechanism 3 is connected to the bottom of the guide seat 72. The servo adjustment mechanism 7 includes a hydraulic cylinder 61, a connecting rod 62, and a movable seat 63. The hydraulic cylinder 61 is mounted on the mounting frame 1, one end of the connecting rod 62 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 61, and the other end is connected to the movable seat 63. The hydraulic cylinder 61 can drive the movable seat 63 to move laterally. The movable seat 63 is connected to the sliding assembly 5. Specifically, the movable seat 63 allows the hydraulic cylinder 61 to be positioned on the side of the mounting frame 1 without occupying the bottom space of the mounting frame 1. At the same time, the push plate 74 is positioned inside the pair of slide rails of the sliding assembly 5, effectively improving the lateral movable path of the sliding assembly 5 and the guide seat 72, thereby improving the lateral adjustable spacing of the pair of arms 31 and enhancing the adaptability to different types of workpieces 8. Secondly, compared to the method of driving a pair of clamping arm mechanisms 3 with a single driver, driving a pair of clamping arm mechanisms 3 through the hydraulic cylinder moving assembly 6 and the servo adjustment mechanism 7 makes the movement of the chuck 32 more flexible, improving the adaptability of the chuck 32 to docking and clamping the workpiece 8.

[0038] It should be understood that the above description of specific embodiments of the present invention is only for illustrating the technical approach and features of the present invention, and is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. All changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A universal automatic loading and unloading fixture, characterized in that, The general-purpose automatic loading and unloading fixture includes a mounting frame (1), a plug-in mechanism (2) and a pair of clamping arm mechanisms (3) disposed on the mounting frame (1); the pair of clamping arm mechanisms (3) are mirror-disposed at the bottom end of the mounting frame (1); The insertion mechanism (2) has a first insertion rod (21) arranged longitudinally, and can drive the first insertion rod (21) to move longitudinally; The clamping arm mechanism (3) includes an arm (31) and a clamp (32) sleeved on the arm (31), and the arm (31) can move laterally; the outer side of the clamp (32) is provided with a clamping block (321), and the inner end face is provided with a second insert rod (322) arranged longitudinally. The clamp (32) includes a connecting block (323), an L-shaped clamping plate (324), and a concave clamping plate (325); the connecting block (323) is sleeved on the arm (31); the horizontal plate of the L-shaped clamping plate (324) is connected to the arm (31); the vertical plate of the L-shaped clamping plate (324) is engaged with the inner side of the connecting block (323); the concave clamping plate (325) is disposed on the outer side of the connecting block (323); the clamping block (321) is connected to the side of the concave clamping plate (325) away from the connecting block (323); the second insert rod (322) is connected to the inner end face of the concave clamping plate (325).

2. The universal automatic loading and unloading fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal plate of the L-shaped clamping plate (324) is connected to the arm (31) by a first bolt; the concave clamping plate (325) and the connecting block (323) are connected by a second bolt; The clamping block (321) and the side of the concave clamping plate (325) opposite to the connecting block (323) are connected by a third bolt; the second insert rod (322) and the inner end face of the concave clamping plate (325) are connected by a fourth bolt.

3. The universal automatic loading and unloading fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting block (323) is constructed as a cross-shaped block; The two corners of the cross-shaped block facing the concave plate (325) are engaged with the grooves of the concave plate (325); The two corners of the cross-shaped block that are away from the concave card plate (325) are engaged with a pair of L-shaped card plates (324) in a one-to-one correspondence.

4. The universal automatic loading and unloading fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The horizontal plate of the L-shaped card plate (324) is embedded in the arm (31); The L-shaped plate (324) is threaded with a seventh bolt; the seventh bolt abuts against the corner of the cross-shaped block facing the L-shaped plate (324).

5. The universal automatic loading and unloading fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The general-purpose automatic loading and unloading fixture also includes a top support mechanism (4); the top support mechanism (4) includes a first driver (41), a first connecting rod (42) and a first L-shaped locking block (43). The first driver (41) is mounted on the mounting bracket (1); the telescopic rod of the first driver (41) is connected to one end of the first connecting rod (42); the other end of the first connecting rod (42) is connected to the first L-shaped locking block (43), and the first L-shaped locking block (43) is disposed away from the second insert rod (322); the first driver (41) can drive the first L-shaped locking block (43) to move longitudinally; The outer end face of the concave plate (325) is connected to a second L-shaped block (326) by a fifth bolt.

6. The universal automatic loading and unloading fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that, The clamp (32) also includes a snap-fit ​​block (327); The outer side of the connecting block (323) is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove (3231) along the longitudinal direction; the snap-fit ​​block (327) and the snap-fit ​​groove (3231) are connected by a sixth bolt; The two ends of the snap-fit ​​block (327) abut against the nuts of the fourth bolt and the fifth bolt respectively.

7. The universal automatic loading and unloading fixture according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The clamp (32) protrudes from the outer side of the arm (31); The top surface of the clamp (32) and the outer side surface of the arm (31) form an L-shaped engagement surface.

8. The universal automatic loading and unloading fixture according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, A self-locking nut (311) is threaded onto the boom (31). The self-locking nut (311) abuts against the bottom surface of the collet (32).

9. The universal automatic loading and unloading fixture according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The insertion mechanism (2) also includes a telescopic driver (22) and a second link (23); The telescopic actuator (22) is mounted on the mounting bracket (1); One end of the second connecting rod (23) is connected to the telescopic rod of the telescopic driver (22), and the other end is provided with a slot (231) arranged vertically. The first insert (21) includes a sixth bolt and a nut connected by threads; the nut abuts against the outer wall of the second connecting rod (23).

10. The universal automatic loading and unloading fixture according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The general-purpose automatic loading and unloading fixture also includes a sliding assembly (5), a hydraulic cylinder moving assembly (6), and a servo adjustment mechanism (7) installed at the bottom of the mounting frame (1). A pair of clamping arm mechanisms (3) are respectively disposed at the bottom ends of the sliding assembly (5) and the servo adjustment mechanism (7); the servo adjustment mechanism (7) can drive the clamping arm mechanism (3) to move laterally; The cylinder moving assembly (6) is connected to the sliding assembly (5) so as to drive the sliding assembly (5) to move laterally.

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