Offshore structure pile foundation scour monitoring and protection integrated system

Abstract

The application provides a marine structure pile foundation scouring monitoring and protection integrated system, belonging to the technical field of marine structure construction. The system comprises a pile foundation of a marine structure, a generator set, a circuit network, an optical-electric composite fiber and a plurality of bionic waterweeds. The pile foundation is arranged on the seabed of a preset area, and the optical-electric composite fiber is wound on the pile foundation. The generator set, the optical-electric composite fiber and the plurality of bionic waterweeds are connected with the circuit network, and then the generator set and the optical-electric composite fiber transmit electric energy to the bionic waterweeds, so that the servo motor head in the bionic waterweeds can drive the rollers to rotate, so as to adjust the length of the part of the bionic blades wound on the rollers, and then adjust the inhibition ability of the bionic blades to the water flow. In this way, the inhibition effect of the system on the water flow around the pile foundation can be adjusted in real time by adjusting the bionic waterweeds in real time, and then the protection effect on the pile foundation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of offshore construction technology, and more specifically, to an integrated system for monitoring and protecting the scour of offshore pile foundations. Background Technology

[0002] Offshore structures include the superstructure and the pile foundation.

[0003] A current offshore structure pile foundation inspection and protection system includes pile foundations, monitoring components, and a protective frame. The monitoring components are located on the pile foundations, which are driven into the soil and rock layers below the seabed and provide pull-out and lateral force resistance. The protective frame is fitted around the pile foundations, and concrete blocks are placed inside the protective frame. This structure is used to provide erosion protection.

[0004] However, the above system is unable to cope with the constantly changing intensity of water flow, resulting in poor protection.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides an integrated system for monitoring and protecting the scour of marine structure pile foundations, which can solve some problems existing in related technologies. The technical solution is as follows: On the one hand, an integrated system for monitoring and protecting the scour of marine structure pile foundations is provided, including: the pile foundations of marine structures, generator sets, circuit networks, optoelectronic composite fibers, and multiple biomimetic aquatic plants; The pile foundation is set on the seabed of the preset area, and the photoelectric composite fiber is wound around the pile foundation and connected to the circuit network; The generator set includes at least one turbine generator located on the seabed, and the circuit network is distributed on the seabed and connected to the turbine generator; The plurality of biomimetic aquatic plants are located on the seabed. Each biomimetic aquatic plant includes a base, a servo motor head, a roller, and strip-shaped biomimetic blades. The roller and the servo motor head are mounted on the base. The servo motor head is connected to the shaft of the roller. One end of the biomimetic blade is connected to the roller, and the other end faces away from the seabed. The servo motor head is connected to the circuit network.

[0007] Optionally, the turbine generator includes a generator base, a generator, a connecting shaft, and a blade assembly; The generator base is located on the seabed, the generator is located on the generator base, the connecting shaft is connected to the generator, and the blade assembly is mounted on the connecting shaft; The blade assembly includes a horizontal axis and two foldable arc-shaped blades arranged opposite each other. The center of the horizontal axis is connected to the connecting shaft. Both foldable arc-shaped blades protrude in a direction away from the connecting shaft, and the axis of the foldable arc-shaped blades is parallel to the connecting shaft. One end of each of the two foldable arc-shaped blades is connected to both ends of the horizontal axis, and the other end is movably connected to the horizontal axis, and can move along the axial direction of the horizontal axis.

[0008] Optionally, each of the foldable arcuate blades includes a connecting portion, a first sub-arcuate blade, and a second sub-arcuate blade; One end of the first sub-arc blade is movably connected to one end of the horizontal axis, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting part. One end of the second sub-arc blade is rotatably connected to the connecting part, and the other end is movably connected to the horizontal axis, and can move along the axial direction of the horizontal axis.

[0009] Optionally, the connecting shaft includes a connecting shaft base and a telescopic rotating shaft installed in the connecting shaft base, the telescopic rotating shaft being connected to the horizontal shaft; The turbine generator also includes a flow rate sensor located on the base of the connecting shaft.

[0010] Optionally, the generator base includes a battery and a rectangular protective shell, with the battery located inside the rectangular protective shell; The rectangular protective shell includes a top plate and four side plates rotatably connected to the top plate. The four side plates are rotatable to face away from the seabed and are arranged around the blade assembly.

[0011] Optionally, the biomimetic blade includes a spring steel sheet and a fiberglass shell encasing the spring steel sheet.

[0012] Optionally, the biomimetic aquatic plant further includes a spring limiting member located on the base of the biomimetic aquatic plant and between the roller and the base. The spring limiting member is configured to abut against the biomimetic blade when the biomimetic blade is wrapped around the roller to limit the rotation of the roller.

[0013] Optionally, the winding density of the photoelectric composite fiber on the pile foundation is negatively correlated with the distance from the seabed.

[0014] Optionally, the optoelectronic composite fiber includes a single-mode fiber, a piezoelectric fiber, a graphene conductive layer, and an insulating protective layer. The piezoelectric fiber is wrapped around the single-mode fiber, the graphene conductive layer is wrapped around the piezoelectric fiber, and the insulating protective layer is wrapped around the graphene conductive layer.

[0015] Optionally, the number of the photoelectric composite fibers is two, and the two photoelectric composite fibers include a working photoelectric composite fiber and a spare photoelectric composite fiber. The working photoelectric composite fiber and the spare photoelectric composite fiber are wound on the pile foundation in a double helix structure.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include at least the following: A system comprising a generator set, a circuit network, optoelectronic composite fibers, and multiple biomimetic aquatic plants is provided. The generator set, optoelectronic composite fibers, and multiple biomimetic aquatic plants are all connected to the circuit network, thereby transmitting electrical energy from the generator set and optoelectronic composite fibers to the biomimetic aquatic plants. This allows the servo motor head in the biomimetic aquatic plants to drive the rollers to rotate, adjusting the length of the portion of the biomimetic leaves wrapped around the rollers, and thus adjusting the ability of the biomimetic leaves to suppress water flow. In this way, the system's suppression effect on the water flow around the pile foundation can be adjusted in real time by adjusting the biomimetic aquatic plants, thereby improving the protection effect on the pile foundation.

[0017] In addition, optoelectronic composite fibers can also detect micro-bending, strain or refractive index disturbances caused by changes in external stress, temperature, etc. through distributed optical fiber sensing technology, resulting in changes in the phase and / or intensity of the optical signal, so as to achieve high-precision distributed measurement. In this way, optoelectronic composite fibers can be used to measure parameters such as seawater scouring intensity and seawater temperature in the area where the pile foundation is located.

[0018] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated system for monitoring and protecting the scour of marine structure pile foundations, as shown in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1The diagram shows a structural schematic of a biomimetic aquatic plant in the system shown.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a turbine generator in an integrated system for monitoring and protecting the scour of marine structure pile foundations.

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial structural schematic of a turbine generator.

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows another part of the structure of the turbine generator.

[0025] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a pile foundation in an integrated system for monitoring and protecting the scour of marine structures.

[0026] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a photoelectric composite fiber in the structure shown. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] The presence of offshore structures significantly alters the flow field around them, creating complex and variable three-dimensional flow patterns. For example, downflows and horseshoe vortices appear in front of the pile foundations of offshore structures, streamlines contract along the direction of water flow on the sides of the pile foundations, and tail vortices are continuously generated and detached behind the pile foundations. Under the combined action of the flow vortex structure and flow characteristics, the shear force on the seabed surface increases, thereby enhancing the transport capacity of the seabed bed material. The continuous detachment of the tail vortex carries some sediment and transports it downstream, eventually forming obvious local scour pits around the structure. The formation of scour pits reduces the pile foundation depth and increases the eccentricity of the horizontal load, thus weakening the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile foundation. Therefore, improving the safety protection capability of the pile foundation is crucial for the construction of offshore structures (such as wind power facilities).

[0029] In related technologies, most protective measures against pile foundation scour are based on passive protection methods, including permeable protective frames, protection by placing concrete blocks at the four corners, grouting protection after placing riprap, protection by pouring concrete membrane bags, protection by enlarging the foundation and setting up an exposed foundation bed, and simple riprap protection. However, the loose protective materials such as riprap and sand sheets used in traditional offshore pile foundation scour protection structures are prone to displacement or loss under the long-term continuous scouring action of water flow, ultimately leading to the failure of the protective function and making it difficult to ensure the long-term safety of the pile foundation.

[0030] With the rapid advancement of marine engineering construction, the pile foundations of various marine structures, such as offshore wind power plants, cross-sea bridges, and offshore platforms, need to withstand the scouring effects of waves and currents over long periods. This problem has seriously threatened the structural safety and stable operation of these structures. The applicant has found that current pile foundation scouring monitoring and protection technologies still have many significant shortcomings, mainly in the following three aspects: Firstly, traditional monitoring systems mostly use acoustic Doppler current meters (ADCP) or distributed fiber optic sensors. Although such devices can achieve basic scour monitoring functions, they generally suffer from problems such as difficulty in power supply, poor corrosion resistance, and high maintenance costs, making them unsuitable for long-term marine monitoring needs. Secondly, the monitoring system and the protection system operate independently and lack an effective coordination mechanism, making it difficult to achieve coordinated optimization. This often leads to lagging protection measures or excessive reliance on manual intervention to adjust protection strategies, resulting in low efficiency and insufficient reliability. Thirdly, in terms of energy supply, most of the relevant technical solutions rely on external power supply or regular battery replacement. In the harsh marine environment, this power supply method is unreliable and cannot meet the needs of long-term unattended monitoring work.

[0031] In summary, existing technologies for monitoring and protecting the scour of offshore structure pile foundations suffer from systemic defects, including a disconnect between monitoring and protection functions, excessive reliance on external power supply, weak resistance to harsh marine environments, primarily passive protective measures, a lack of stable self-powering mechanisms, and low data transmission efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated pile foundation scour monitoring and protection system that combines self-powering, real-time monitoring, and intelligent protection functions to improve the operational safety and economic viability of offshore structures.

[0032] This application innovatively integrates turbine power generation technology, optoelectronic composite sensing technology, and biomimetic protection technology to build a synergistic technical system that can effectively solve various problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies and provide comprehensive protection for the safety of pile foundations of offshore structures.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated system for monitoring and protecting the scour of marine structure pile foundations, as shown in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a biomimetic aquatic plant in the system shown. Please refer to it. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The integrated monitoring and protection system for scour of marine structure pile foundations includes: pile foundations 11 of marine structures, generator sets 12, circuit networks 13, photoelectric composite fibers 14, and multiple biomimetic aquatic plants 15.

[0034] The pile foundation 11 is set on the seabed c1 of the preset area y1. The photoelectric composite fiber 14 is wrapped around the pile foundation 11 and connected to the circuit network 13. The preset area y1 can be a flexible bionic aquatic plant protection area.

[0035] The generator set 12 includes at least one turbine generator 121, which is located on the seabed c1. The circuit network 13 is distributed on the seabed c1 and connected to the turbine generator 121.

[0036] Multiple biomimetic seaweed 15 are located on the seabed c1. Each biomimetic seaweed 15 includes a base 151, a servo motor head 152, a roller 153, and a strip-shaped biomimetic blade 154. The roller 153 and the servo motor head 152 are mounted on the base 151. The servo motor head 152 is connected to the shaft z1 of the roller 153. One end of the biomimetic blade 154 is connected to the roller 153, and the other end faces away from the seabed c1. The servo motor head 152 is connected to the circuit network 13.

[0037] In summary, the integrated monitoring and protection system for scour of marine structure pile foundations provided in this application includes a generator set, a circuit network, photoelectric composite fibers, and multiple bionic aquatic plants. The generator set, photoelectric composite fibers, and multiple bionic aquatic plants are all connected to the circuit network. The generator set and photoelectric composite fibers transmit electrical energy to the bionic aquatic plants, enabling the servo motor head in the bionic aquatic plants to drive the rollers to rotate. This adjusts the length of the portion of the bionic blades wrapped around the rollers, thereby adjusting the ability of the bionic blades to suppress water flow. In this way, the system's suppression effect on the water flow around the pile foundation can be adjusted in real time by adjusting the bionic aquatic plants, thereby improving the protection effect on the pile foundation.

[0038] Furthermore, optoelectronic composite fibers can also detect micro-bending, strain, or refractive index disturbances caused by changes in external stress, temperature, etc., through distributed optical fiber sensing technology, resulting in changes in the phase and / or intensity of the optical signal. This enables high-precision distributed measurement, allowing for the use of optoelectronic composite fibers to measure parameters such as seawater scouring intensity and seawater temperature in the area where the pile foundation is located. Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing (DFOS) technology is a sensing technology that transforms ordinary communication optical fibers into continuous, distributed sensors. This technology acts like "nerve endings" on the optical fiber, enabling real-time detection of physical quantities such as temperature, strain, and vibration at every point along the fiber. Distributed optical fiber sensing technology offers advantages such as distributed measurement, long-distance coverage, strong anti-interference capabilities, security, and high reusability.

[0039] In one exemplary embodiment, the generator set 12 includes three turbine generators 121, which are evenly arranged around the pile foundation 11 in a predetermined area y1. For example, the three turbine generators 121 can form an equilateral triangle, with the pile foundation 11 located at the center of the equilateral triangle. Of course, the generator set 12 may also include other numbers of turbine generators 121, such as two, four, five, six, or more, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0040] Furthermore, the integrated system for monitoring and protecting the scour of marine structure pile foundations provided in this application embodiment may also include a control component. This control component is electrically connected to the generator set 12, the photoelectric composite fiber 14, and the circuit network 13. The control component can be used to control the components within the integrated system. For example, the control component can receive parameters such as the seawater scour intensity and seawater temperature in the area where the pile foundation is located, monitored by the photoelectric composite fiber 14, and store these parameters. Alternatively, it can transmit this data to a remote data center via a wired or wireless means through a transmission module in the control component. The control component can also control components such as the bionic aquatic plant 15 and the generator set 12 based on parameters such as the seawater scour intensity and flow velocity. This control component can be located at the pile foundation 11, in the circuit network 13, or in the generator set 12; this application embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0041] Optionally, the biomimetic blade 154 includes a spring steel sheet and a fiberglass shell encasing the spring steel sheet. The spring steel sheet provides elasticity, and the fiberglass shell provides corrosion resistance.

[0042] Optionally, the base 151 of the bionic aquatic plant 15 has a signal receiving device, which is connected to the servo motor head 152 and the circuit network 13 respectively, and is used to control the roller 153 to rotate forward or backward under the control of the control signal transmitted by the circuit network 13. Forward rotation can reduce the number of bionic blades 154 wrapped around the roller 153, while reverse rotation can increase the number of bionic blades 154 wrapped around the roller 153. The control signal can be provided by a control component.

[0043] Optionally, the bionic aquatic plant 15 also includes a spring limiter 155 located on the base 151 of the bionic aquatic plant and between the roller 153 and the base 151. The spring limiter 155 is configured to abut against the bionic leaf 154 when the bionic leaf 154 is wrapped around the roller 153 to limit the rotation of the roller 153.

[0044] When the seawater flow velocity is low (e.g., less than or equal to a preset flow velocity threshold), the servo motor head 152 on the bionic aquatic plant 15 controls the shaft z1 to drive the roller 153 to rotate. The spring limiter 155 is located in the middle of the base 151. When the bionic blade 154 passes the spring limiter 155, the spring limiter 155 is automatically pressed down and retracted under pressure. Subsequently, the roller 153 drives the bionic blade 154 to completely curl up on the roller 153. The servo motor head 152 is de-energized and stops running. 155 provides an upward thrust to prevent the bionic blade 154 from detaching from the roller 153, facilitating maintenance and saving energy. When the seawater flow velocity is high (e.g., when the flow velocity exceeds a preset threshold), the servo motor head 152 on the bionic aquatic plant 15 controls the shaft z1 to drive the roller 153 to rotate in the opposite direction. The roller 153 drives the bionic blade 154 to extend from the roller 153. When the bionic blade 154 is fully extended, the servo motor head 152 is de-energized and stops rotating, reducing the seawater flow velocity and protecting the pile foundation 11. Several bionic aquatic plants 15 are connected by a circuit network 13 to form a flexible bionic aquatic plant protection zone. The circuit network 13 is powered by the bottom power storage and protective layer. The flexible bionic aquatic plant protection zone is arranged around the pile foundation 11, which reduces the seawater flow velocity in the area and reduces the damage to the pile foundation caused by erosion.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a turbine generator in an integrated system for monitoring and protecting the scour of marine structure pile foundations. Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial structural schematic of a turbine generator. The turbine generator 121 includes a generator base 1211, a generator 1212, a connecting shaft 1213, and a blade assembly 1214. The generator base 1211 is located on the seabed, the generator 1212 is located on the generator base 1211, the connecting shaft 1213 is connected to the generator 1212, and the blade assembly 1214 is installed on the connecting shaft 1213. The blade assembly 1214 includes a horizontal shaft s1 and two foldable arc-shaped blades s2 arranged opposite each other. The center of the horizontal shaft s1 is connected to the connecting shaft 1213. Both foldable arc-shaped blades s2 protrude in a direction away from the connecting shaft 1213, and the axis of the foldable arc-shaped blades s2 is parallel to the connecting shaft 1213. One end of each foldable arc-shaped blade s2 is connected to both ends of the horizontal shaft s1, and the other end is movably connected to the horizontal shaft s1, and can move along the axial direction of the horizontal shaft s1.

[0046] Each foldable arc blade s2 is equipped with a sensor. The foldable arc blade s2 can fold according to the flow rate obtained by the sensor to adjust the blade angle of attack, so that the water flow can scour the foldable arc blade s2 at the optimal angle of attack (which can be determined in advance based on the parameters of the foldable arc blade s2) to drive the turbine to rotate, thereby ensuring that the foldable arc blade s2 can operate at the highest efficiency.

[0047] Optionally, each foldable arcuate blade s2 includes a connecting portion s21, a first sub-arcuate blade s22, and a second sub-arcuate blade s23; the connecting portion s21 may include two interconnected short handles s211 (the two short handles s211 can be connected by a fixing bolt). One end of the first sub-arcuate blade s22 is movably connected to one end of the horizontal shaft s1 (this movable connection can be a rotatable connection, so that the first sub-arcuate blade s22 can rotate about an axis parallel to the connecting shaft 1213), and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting portion s21 (the rotation axis of this rotatable connection is parallel to the connecting shaft 1213). One end of the second sub-arcuate blade s23 is rotatably connected to the connecting portion s21, and the other end is movably connected to the horizontal shaft s1, and can move along the axial direction of the horizontal shaft s1.

[0048] The connecting part s21 may also include a semi-circular short handle head s212, which is located at one end of the short handle s211 and connected to the short handle s211.

[0049] Each foldable arc-shaped blade s2 also includes a rotating connector s24 located on a semi-circular short shank. The end of the first sub-arc-shaped blade s22 not connected to the horizontal axis s1 is rotatably connected to the rotating connector s24 on a short shank s211, thus achieving a rotatable connection with the connecting part s21. Similarly, the end of the second sub-arc-shaped blade s23 not connected to the horizontal axis s1 is rotatably connected to the rotating connector s24 on another short shank s211, thus achieving a rotatable connection with the connecting part s21. The foldable arc-shaped blade s2 can achieve its folding function in various ways. For example, the connecting part s21 may have a rotating motor that provides the folding function of the foldable arc-shaped blade s2; or, the horizontal axis s1 may have a power component that can move one end of the foldable arc-shaped blade s2 along the horizontal axis s1, thereby also achieving the folding function of the foldable arc-shaped blade s2.

[0050] Optionally, there are two horizontal shafts s1, which pass through the foldable arc-shaped blade s2. The foldable arc-shaped blade s2 can move on the horizontal shafts s1. Several telescopic limiting blocks are provided on the horizontal shafts s1. The telescopic limiting blocks are in the extended state. When the end of the foldable arc-shaped blade s2 connected to the horizontal shaft s1 moves past the telescopic limiting block, the limiting block is squeezed downward and retracts, so that the foldable arc-shaped blade s2 can pass smoothly through the telescopic limiting block. When the foldable arc-shaped blade s2 needs to be fixed in a predetermined shape, the connector s24 is rotated first to stop the rotation. At the same time, the telescopic limiting block locks the foldable arc-shaped blade s2 so that it cannot rotate again.

[0051] Optionally, the connecting shaft 1213 includes a connecting shaft base m1 and a telescopic rotating shaft m2 installed in the connecting shaft base m1, the telescopic rotating shaft m2 being connected to the horizontal shaft s1; the turbine generator 121 also includes a flow rate sensor 1215, the flow rate sensor 1215 being located on the connecting shaft base m1. The telescopic rotating shaft m2 can retract into the connecting shaft base m1 when the flow rate sensor 1215 detects that the surrounding seawater flow velocity is greater than a preset flow rate threshold, to protect the blade assembly 1214. The connecting shaft 1213 is connected to the generator 1212. When the blade assembly 1214 rotates under the influence of seawater, the connecting shaft 1213 transmits this rotation to the generator 1212 to achieve the function of power generation. Furthermore, the connecting shaft 1213 can also retract only into the generator 1212.

[0052] When harsh marine environmental conditions occur (such as when the current velocity sensor 1215 detects that the surrounding seawater flow velocity exceeds a preset threshold), the two foldable arc-shaped blades s2 can retract inward to form a cylinder, and the connecting shaft 1213 retracts downward, bringing the generator 1212 into close contact with the cylinder formed by the retracted blade assembly 1214. This structure protects the blade assembly 1214 from damage caused by seawater impact. When the current velocity sensor 1215 detects that the surrounding seawater flow velocity is not greater than the preset threshold, the two foldable arc-shaped blades s2 can unfold outward, and the connecting shaft 1213 can rise to continue generating electricity. The generator set 12 can supply power to the biomimetic aquatic plants via a circuit network.

[0053] In addition, the multiple turbine generators in generator set 12 can convert the kinetic energy of seawater into electrical energy, which can also reduce the water flow speed around the pile foundation and achieve a dual protection function with the bionic aquatic plants.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 3 , Figure 5 yes Figure 3The diagram shows another structural component of the turbine generator. The generator base 1211 includes a battery (not shown) and a rectangular protective shell, with the battery located inside the shell. The rectangular protective shell includes a top plate k11 and four side plates k12 rotatably connected to the top plate k11. The four side plates k12 can rotate to face away from the seabed (f1) and are arranged around the blade assembly 1214. When the flow velocity sensor 1215 detects that the surrounding seawater flow velocity exceeds a preset threshold, the turbine generator 121 can control the telescopic shaft m2 to retract into the connecting shaft base m1 and control the four side plates k12 to rotate to face away from the seabed (f1), thus surrounding the blade assembly 1214, the connecting shaft 1213, and the generator 1212. This protects the blade assembly 1214, the connecting shaft 1213, and the generator 1212 from damage caused by excessively fast seawater flow. A counterweight can be added to the battery to also function as a base.

[0055] In addition, the generator base 1211 also includes a controllable hinge k13, and each side plate k12 is rotatably connected to the top plate k11 via the controllable hinge k13.

[0056] The turbine generator 121 provided in this application embodiment can form a disturbance barrier, reducing the flow velocity of seawater around the pile foundation to achieve an anti-scouring effect, while simultaneously generating electricity from the disturbed seawater. The turbine generator includes an adaptive blade adjustment mechanism that automatically adjusts the blade angle of attack of the turbine disturbance generator unit according to the flow velocity, thereby ensuring that the blade assembly always operates at high efficiency. In addition, the turbine generator 121 has a square baffle box mechanical structure at its bottom, which automatically retracts the unit to reduce fluid load under extreme sea conditions such as typhoons, and returns to its original shape under normal operating conditions, solving the problem of poor disaster resistance of traditional stationary turbine units.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a pile foundation in an integrated system for monitoring and protecting the scour of marine structures. Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a photoelectric composite fiber in the structure shown. The winding density of the photoelectric composite fiber 14 on the pile foundation 11 is negatively correlated with the distance from the seabed c1. That is, the farther the distance from the seabed c1, the smaller the winding density of the photoelectric composite fiber 14, achieving cost savings while ensuring monitoring effectiveness.

[0058] In one exemplary embodiment, the optoelectronic composite fiber 14 includes a single-mode fiber q1, a piezoelectric fiber q2, a graphene conductive layer q3, and an insulating protective layer q4. The piezoelectric fiber q2 is wrapped around the single-mode fiber q1, the graphene conductive layer q3 is wrapped around the piezoelectric fiber q2, and the insulating protective layer q4 is wrapped around the graphene conductive layer q3.

[0059] Among them, the single-mode fiber q1 uses distributed optical fiber sensing technology to detect micro-bending, strain, or refractive index disturbances caused by changes in external stress, temperature, etc., resulting in changes in the phase and / or intensity of the optical signal, thus achieving high-precision distributed measurement. The piezoelectric fiber q2 can capture the kinetic energy of the surrounding seawater to power the graphene conductive layer q3, achieving self-powered sensing. The graphene conductive layer q3 improves the charge collection efficiency of the piezoelectric fiber q2 and reduces energy loss. At the same time, the excellent mechanical strength of the graphene conductive layer q3 gives the fiber bending resistance, making it suitable for winding on the pile foundation 11. In addition, the piezoelectric fiber q2 can be connected to the circuit network and transmit the generated electrical energy to the biomimetic aquatic plants through the circuit network to power the biomimetic aquatic plants. Thus, this optoelectronic composite fiber 14 can achieve dual-energy supply with a generator set.

[0060] In one exemplary embodiment, the number of photoelectric composite fibers 14 is two, including a working photoelectric composite fiber 141 and a spare photoelectric composite fiber 142. The working photoelectric composite fiber 141 and the spare photoelectric composite fiber 142 are wound around the pile foundation in a double helix structure. The working photoelectric composite fiber 141 is the photoelectric composite fiber used during normal operation, and the spare photoelectric composite fiber 142 can be used when the working photoelectric composite fiber 141 is damaged. This can improve the stability of the integrated monitoring and protection system for scour of marine structure pile foundations provided in this application embodiment.

[0061] In summary, the integrated monitoring and protection system for scour of marine structure pile foundations provided in this application includes a generator set, a circuit network, photoelectric composite fibers, and multiple bionic aquatic plants. The generator set, photoelectric composite fibers, and multiple bionic aquatic plants are all connected to the circuit network. The generator set and photoelectric composite fibers transmit electrical energy to the bionic aquatic plants, enabling the servo motor head in the bionic aquatic plants to drive the rollers to rotate. This adjusts the length of the portion of the bionic blades wrapped around the rollers, thereby adjusting the ability of the bionic blades to suppress water flow. In this way, the system's suppression effect on the water flow around the pile foundation can be adjusted in real time by adjusting the bionic aquatic plants, thereby improving the protection effect on the pile foundation.

[0062] In addition, optoelectronic composite fibers can also detect micro-bending, strain or refractive index disturbances caused by changes in external stress, temperature, etc. through distributed optical fiber sensing technology, resulting in changes in the phase and / or intensity of the optical signal, so as to achieve high-precision distributed measurement. In this way, optoelectronic composite fibers can be used to measure parameters such as seawater scouring intensity and seawater temperature in the area where the pile foundation is located.

[0063] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0064] In this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise expressly defined.

[0065] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0066] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0067] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An integrated system for monitoring and protecting the scour of marine structure pile foundations, characterized in that, include: The offshore structure includes a pile foundation, a generator set, a circuit network, a photoelectric composite fiber, multiple biomimetic aquatic plants, and a control component, wherein the control component is electrically connected to the generator set, the photoelectric composite fiber, and the circuit network. The pile foundation is set on the seabed of the preset area, and the photoelectric composite fiber is wound around the pile foundation and connected to the circuit network; The generator set includes at least one turbine generator located on the seabed, and the circuit network is distributed on the seabed and connected to the turbine generator; The plurality of biomimetic aquatic plants are located on the seabed. Each biomimetic aquatic plant includes a base, a servo motor head, a roller, and strip-shaped biomimetic blades. The roller and the servo motor head are mounted on the base. The servo motor head is connected to the shaft of the roller. One end of the biomimetic blade is connected to the roller, and the other end faces away from the seabed. The servo motor head is connected to the circuit network. The control component is used to control the biomimetic aquatic plants and the generator set based on the scouring intensity and flow velocity of the seawater.

2. The integrated monitoring and protection system for scour of marine structure pile foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turbine generator includes a generator base, a generator, a connecting shaft, and a blade assembly; The generator base is located on the seabed, the generator is located on the generator base, the connecting shaft is connected to the generator, and the blade assembly is mounted on the connecting shaft; The blade assembly includes a horizontal axis and two foldable arc-shaped blades arranged opposite each other. The center of the horizontal axis is connected to the connecting shaft. Both foldable arc-shaped blades protrude in a direction away from the connecting shaft, and the axis of the foldable arc-shaped blades is parallel to the connecting shaft. One end of each of the two foldable arc-shaped blades is connected to both ends of the horizontal axis, and the other end is movably connected to the horizontal axis and can move along the axial direction of the horizontal axis.

3. The integrated monitoring and protection system for scour of marine structure pile foundations according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the foldable arcuate blades includes a connecting portion, a first sub-arcuate blade, and a second sub-arcuate blade; One end of the first sub-arc blade is movably connected to one end of the horizontal axis, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting part. One end of the second sub-arc blade is rotatably connected to the connecting part, and the other end is movably connected to the horizontal axis, and can move along the axial direction of the horizontal axis.

4. The integrated monitoring and protection system for scour of marine structure pile foundations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting shaft includes a connecting shaft base and a telescopic rotating shaft installed in the connecting shaft base, and the telescopic rotating shaft is connected to the horizontal shaft. The turbine generator also includes a flow rate sensor located on the base of the connecting shaft.

5. The integrated monitoring and protection system for scour of marine structure pile foundations according to claim 4, characterized in that, The generator base includes a battery and a rectangular protective shell, with the battery located inside the rectangular protective shell; The rectangular protective shell includes a top plate and four side plates rotatably connected to the top plate. The four side plates are rotatable to face away from the seabed and are arranged around the blade assembly.

6. The integrated monitoring and protection system for scour of marine structure pile foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biomimetic blade comprises a spring steel sheet and a fiberglass shell encasing the spring steel sheet.

7. The integrated monitoring and protection system for scour of marine structure pile foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biomimetic aquatic plant also includes a spring limiting member located on the base of the biomimetic aquatic plant and between the roller and the base. The spring limiting member is configured to abut against the biomimetic blade when the biomimetic blade is wrapped around the roller to limit the rotation of the roller.

8. The integrated monitoring and protection system for scour of marine structure pile foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The winding density of the photoelectric composite fiber on the pile foundation is negatively correlated with the distance from the seabed.

9. The integrated monitoring and protection system for scour of marine structure pile foundations according to claim 8, characterized in that, The optoelectronic composite fiber includes a single-mode fiber, a piezoelectric fiber, a graphene conductive layer, and an insulating protective layer. The piezoelectric fiber is wrapped around the single-mode fiber, the graphene conductive layer is wrapped around the piezoelectric fiber, and the insulating protective layer is wrapped around the graphene conductive layer.

10. The integrated monitoring and protection system for scour of marine structure pile foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the photoelectric composite fibers is two, and the two photoelectric composite fibers include a working photoelectric composite fiber and a spare photoelectric composite fiber. The working photoelectric composite fiber and the spare photoelectric composite fiber are wound on the pile foundation in a double helix structure.

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