Anti-floating device and anti-floating control method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of building anti-floating design, and discloses an anti-floating device and an anti-floating control method, the anti-floating control method comprising the following steps: S1, real-time monitoring of water pressure at different positions under the bottom plate of the anti-floating basement, and real-time monitoring of the drainage flow of the first communication pipe; S2, comparative analysis of the measured water pressure and the designed anti-floating force, and comparative analysis of the measured drainage flow and the designed flow; judging whether the drainage structure is blocked, and executing step S3, or judging whether the water floating force is too large, and executing step S4; S3, starting the driving device to discharge the silt in the sand trap from the third communication pipe to the overflow catch basin; S4, the pressure water in the sand trap flows to the overflow catch basin through the second preset height in the first communication pipe. Through real-time monitoring and identification of the type of adverse working conditions and targeted hierarchical response, a closed-loop monitoring and execution system emergency handling mechanism system is formed, and the bottom plate water pressure is ensured to quickly fall back to the safe range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of anti-buoyancy design technology for buildings, and in particular to an anti-buoyancy device and anti-buoyancy control method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urbanization in my country, the demand for expanding and utilizing urban underground space is becoming increasingly strong. In the safety design of underground projects such as basements, the application of drainage and buoyancy reduction technology is becoming more and more widespread, especially in cities with high groundwater levels, such as coastal and riverside areas. Drainage pressure reduction and buoyancy reduction technology is an engineering measure that actively intervenes in the groundwater level to reduce the buoyancy risk of basements or underground structures. It involves setting up drainage corridors and blind ditches at the bottom of the basement or underground structure. The drainage corridors are equipped with a gravel drainage layer to form a drainage system, thereby collecting the pressurized water below the basement or underground structure floor slab into the basement or underground structure and discharging it uniformly, thus effectively reducing the buoyancy force on the floor slab and achieving buoyancy control.

[0003] However, existing drainage pressure reduction and anti-buoyancy systems generally face the problem of siltation and blockage in their drainage structures during long-term operation. At the same time, under extreme weather conditions such as continuous heavy rain and river backflow, the groundwater level rises sharply, and the buoyancy significantly exceeds the design value. The drainage capacity of existing drainage facilities faces severe challenges. Faced with different adverse conditions such as blockage of drainage structures or buoyancy exceeding the design value, the current drainage pressure reduction and anti-buoyancy systems lack a systematic emergency response mechanism. They cannot quickly identify the types of adverse conditions and respond in a targeted manner, making it difficult to achieve efficient and reliable emergency handling, thereby endangering the anti-buoyancy safety of buildings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the current drainage pressure reduction and anti-buoyancy system lacks a systematic emergency response mechanism, cannot quickly identify the types of adverse working conditions and respond in a targeted manner, and is difficult to achieve efficient and reliable emergency response, thereby endangering the anti-buoyancy safety of the building.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an anti-buoyancy device for installation in an anti-buoyancy basement. The bottom of the anti-buoyancy basement is provided with a drainage layer, and a sedimentation tank communicating with the drainage layer is provided below the drainage layer. The bottom of the anti-buoyancy basement is also provided with an overflow collection well communicating with the anti-buoyancy basement. The anti-buoyancy device includes:

[0006] The first connecting pipe is connected to the sedimentation tank at one end and extends through the side wall of the overflow collection well into the overflow collection well at the other end. The other end in the overflow collection well first extends upward to the first preset height in the anti-buoyancy basement to form an ascending section, and then extends downward into the overflow collection well to form a descending section.

[0007] The second connecting pipe has one end connected to the drive device located at the bottom of the overflow collection well, and the other end extends upward to the second preset height in the anti-buoyancy basement and then connects to the rising section and the falling section of the first connecting pipe in sequence. The drive device is used to transport water in the overflow collection well to the second connecting pipe.

[0008] The third connecting pipe is connected at one end to the sedimentation tank, and at the other end extends through the side wall of the overflow collection well to the overflow collection well or the anti-buoyancy basement.

[0009] The first preset height is greater than the second preset height;

[0010] A third solenoid valve is installed on the pipe between the drive device and the descending section on the second connecting pipe, and a fourth solenoid valve is installed on the pipe between the ascending section and the descending section on the second connecting pipe.

[0011] The fifth solenoid valve is installed on the third connecting pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a first solenoid valve is provided on the pipeline before the rising section of the first connecting pipe, and a second solenoid valve is provided on the pipeline at the first preset height of the first connecting pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the drive device includes a water pump, which is located at the bottom of the overflow collection well.

[0014] Preferably, the anti-buoyancy device further includes a monitoring system, which includes a flow meter and at least two water pressure gauges;

[0015] The flow meter is installed in the first connecting pipe on the pipeline before the rising section, and the water pressure gauges are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the anti-buoyancy basement floor slab.

[0016] The present invention also provides an anti-buoyancy control method using the above-mentioned anti-buoyancy device, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1, shut off the drive device, shut off the third, fourth and fifth solenoid valves, and discharge the pressurized water in the sedimentation tank to the overflow collection well of the anti-buoyancy basement through the first connecting pipe. Monitor the water pressure at different locations under the floor of the anti-buoyancy basement in real time, and monitor the drainage flow of the first connecting pipe in real time.

[0018] S2, compare and analyze the measured water pressure with the design buoyancy resistance, and compare and analyze the measured drainage flow with the design flow. If the water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow is less than the design flow, it is judged that the drainage structure is blocked, and step S3 is executed. If the water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow is greater than the design flow, it is judged that the buoyancy is too large, and step S4 is executed.

[0019] S3, open the third, fourth and fifth solenoid valves, start the drive device, the drive device transports the sediment in the overflow collection well to the second connecting pipe, enters the sedimentation tank through the first connecting pipe, and discharges the silt in the sedimentation tank from the third connecting pipe to the overflow collection well.

[0020] S4, open the fourth solenoid valve, keep the third solenoid valve, the fifth solenoid valve and the drive device closed, and the pressurized water in the sedimentation tank flows to the overflow collection well through the second preset height in the first connecting pipe.

[0021] Preferably, in step S1, real-time monitoring of water pressure at different locations under the floor slab of the anti-buoyancy basement and real-time monitoring of drainage flow in the first connecting pipe specifically include:

[0022] At least two water pressure gauges are installed at intervals on the floor slab of the anti-buoyancy basement, and the water pressure at different locations under the floor slab of the anti-buoyancy basement is monitored in real time.

[0023] A flow meter is installed on the pipeline before the rising section inside the first connecting pipe, and the flow meter monitors the drainage flow of the first connecting pipe in real time.

[0024] Preferably, a second solenoid valve is also provided at the first preset height of the first connecting pipe;

[0025] In step S1, when the fourth solenoid valve is closed, the second solenoid valve is opened;

[0026] In step S3, when the fourth solenoid valve is opened, the second solenoid valve is closed;

[0027] In step S4, when the fourth solenoid valve is opened, the second solenoid valve is closed.

[0028] Preferably, after executing step S3, the groundwater pressure and drainage flow rate are re-measured. If the water pressure is less than or equal to the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate is close to the design flow rate, it is determined that the underground structure meets the buoyancy resistance safety requirements, and step S1 is executed. If the re-measured water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate is less than 60% of the design flow rate, it is determined that the drainage structure is not completely cleared of blockage, and step S3 is executed again.

[0029] Preferably, after executing step S4, the groundwater pressure and drainage flow rate are re-measured. If the water pressure is less than or equal to the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate is close to the design flow rate, it is determined that the underground structure meets the buoyancy resistance safety requirements, and step S1 is executed; if the water pressure is still greater than the design buoyancy resistance, step S5 is executed.

[0030] S5, Install a drainage pipe in the ordinary water collection well adjacent to the overflow water collection well. One end of the drainage pipe is connected to the drainage layer, and the other end of the drainage pipe is connected to the ordinary water collection well to assist the anti-buoyancy basement in drainage.

[0031] Preferably, in step S5, a drainage pipe is installed in a regular water collection well adjacent to the overflow water collection well. One end of the drainage pipe is connected to the drainage layer, and the other end of the drainage pipe is connected to the regular water collection well. This auxiliary drainage system for the anti-buoyancy basement specifically includes:

[0032] The drainage pipe includes a filter pipe and a return pipe. A horizontal lateral hole is opened on the side wall of one or more ordinary water collection wells adjacent to the overflow collection well. The filter pipe is installed in the horizontal lateral hole. After the filter pipe is wrapped with a reverse filter layer, it is inserted into the horizontal lateral hole so that one end of the filter pipe is connected to the drainage layer at the bottom of the ordinary basement. The horizontal lateral hole is sealed, and the return pipe is connected to the other end of the filter pipe.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the anti-buoyancy device and anti-buoyancy control method of this invention have the following advantages:

[0034] This invention continuously monitors the drainage flow rate and water pressure at different locations on the foundation slab within the anti-buoyancy basement. These data are then compared and analyzed with the designed anti-buoyancy force and design flow rate. If the water pressure exceeds the designed anti-buoyancy force and the drainage flow rate is less than the designed flow rate, the system determines that the drainage structure is clogged. The system then opens the third, fourth, and fifth solenoid valves and activates the drive device to reverse the flow of sediment in the overflow collection well to the sedimentation tank, forming a high-pressure flushing flow. This removes the silt and sand from the sedimentation tank and discharges it through the third connecting pipe, preventing indiscriminate drainage from exacerbating the blockage.

[0035] When the water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate is greater than the design flow rate, the system determines that the buoyancy is too high. It opens only the fourth solenoid valve and closes other valves and drive devices. By using the cooperation of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe, the pressurized water that originally entered the overflow collection well through the first preset height directly enters the overflow collection well through the second preset height, reducing the water head height and accelerating the drainage flow rate.

[0036] This invention forms a closed-loop monitoring and execution system emergency response mechanism by real-time monitoring and identification of adverse working conditions and targeted graded responses, ensuring that the water pressure on the bottom plate quickly drops back to a safe range, thereby guaranteeing the anti-buoyancy safety of the building. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an anti-buoyancy basement structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of opening a horizontal lateral hole in the side wall of an overflow collection well in a typical basement, provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a filter tube installed in a horizontal lateral hole;

[0040] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of horizontal lateral holes for backfilling;

[0041] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of installing a return pipe on the filter tube;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the filter tube structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 This is an overall flowchart of the anti-buoyancy control method provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0044] In the diagram, 1. Anti-buoyancy basement; 2. Base slab; 3. Top slab; 4. Drainage layer; 5. Sedimentation tank; 6. Overflow collection well; 7. First connecting pipe; 71. First solenoid valve; 72. Second solenoid valve; 8. Second connecting pipe; 81. Third solenoid valve; 82. Fourth solenoid valve; 9. Third connecting pipe; 91. Fifth solenoid valve; 10. Water pump; 11. Horizontal lateral hole; 12. Filter pipe; 13. Reverse filter layer; 14. Plug; 15. Return pipe; 16. Ordinary collection well. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0047] It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used in this invention to describe various types of information, but these terms are not limited to them; they are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this invention, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-buoyancy device for installation in an anti-buoyancy basement 1. The bottom of the anti-buoyancy basement 1 is provided with a drainage layer 4, and a sedimentation tank 5 communicating with the drainage layer 4 is located below the drainage layer 4. The bottom of the anti-buoyancy basement 1 is also provided with an overflow collection well 6 communicating with the anti-buoyancy basement 1. The anti-buoyancy device includes:

[0050] The first connecting pipe 7 is connected at one end to the sedimentation tank 5, and at the other end extends through the side wall of the overflow collection well 6 into the overflow collection well 6. The other end in the overflow collection well 6 first extends upward to the first preset height in the anti-buoyancy basement 1 to form an ascending section, and then extends downward into the overflow collection well 6 to form a descending section.

[0051] The second connecting pipe 8 is connected at one end to a drive device located at the bottom of the overflow collection well 6, and at the other end it extends upward to the second preset height in the anti-buoyancy basement 1 and then connects to the rising section and the falling section of the first connecting pipe 7 in sequence. The drive device is used to transport water in the overflow collection well 6 to the second connecting pipe 8.

[0052] The third connecting pipe 9 is connected at one end to the sedimentation tank 5, and at the other end extends through the side wall of the overflow collection well 6 to the overflow collection well 6 or the anti-buoyancy basement 1.

[0053] The first preset height is greater than the second preset height;

[0054] A third solenoid valve 81 is provided on the pipeline between the driving device and the descending section on the second connecting pipe 8, and a fourth solenoid valve 82 is provided on the pipeline between the ascending section and the descending section on the second connecting pipe 8.

[0055] The third connecting pipe 9 is equipped with a fifth solenoid valve 91.

[0056] The first connecting pipe 7 extends upward into the overflow collection well 6 to a first preset height in the anti-buoyancy basement 1 to form an ascending section, and then extends downward into the overflow collection well 6 to form a descending section, thus forming a high-level water head control path. When the water level outside the anti-buoyancy basement 1 is higher than the first preset height, the pressurized water in the sedimentation tank 5 can enter the overflow collection well 6 through the first connecting pipe 7 at the first preset height.

[0057] The second connecting pipe 8 extends to a lower second preset height and connects with the rising and falling sections of the first connecting pipe 7. The first connecting pipe 7 and the second connecting pipe 8 work together and combine with the opening and closing of the valves to dynamically construct two different water heads. When the buoyancy is too high, only the fourth solenoid valve 82 is opened and the third solenoid valve 81, the fifth solenoid valve 91 and the drive device are closed. When the pressurized water in the sedimentation tank 5 flows naturally through the first connecting pipe 7, it is forced to flow through the lower point of the second preset height, which reduces the effective water head height, greatly reduces water head loss and accelerates the drainage flow rate.

[0058] Furthermore, in the event of clogging of the drainage structure, by simultaneously opening the third solenoid valve 81, the fourth solenoid valve 82, and the fifth solenoid valve 91 and activating the drive device, the sediment in the overflow collection well 6 is transported by the drive device to the second connecting pipe 8, and enters the sedimentation tank 5 through a portion of the rising section of the first connecting pipe 7. This flushes the accumulated silt in the sedimentation tank 5 and discharges it into the overflow collection well 6 through the third connecting pipe 9, thus avoiding the problem of reduced drainage efficiency due to silt accumulation in the sedimentation tank 5 after long-term operation.

[0059] Specifically, a first solenoid valve 71 is installed on the first connecting pipe 7 before the rising section, and a second solenoid valve 72 is installed on the first connecting pipe 7 at the first preset height. Thus, when the fourth solenoid valve 82 is opened to reduce the effective head height, the second solenoid valve 72 is closed, blocking the path for the water flow to continue rising to the first preset height. This ensures that the pressurized water in the sedimentation tank 5 can only flow through the connection point at the second preset height into the second connecting pipe 8, thereby strictly limiting the effective drainage head to the second preset height, reducing head loss and maximizing the drainage flow rate.

[0060] The first solenoid valve 71 can shut off the first connecting pipe 7 in an emergency, effectively isolating the hydraulic connection between the sedimentation tank 5 and the overflow collection well 6, thereby improving the system's safety, controllability, and emergency isolation capabilities.

[0061] Specifically, the driving device includes a water pump 10, which is located at the bottom of the overflow collection well 6. The water pump 10 located at the bottom of the overflow collection well 6 facilitates the direct extraction of water stored in the overflow collection well 6 for backwashing of the sedimentation tank 5 without the need for an additional water source, thereby improving emergency response efficiency, reducing system energy consumption, and realizing the recycling of water resources.

[0062] Specifically, the anti-buoyancy device also includes a monitoring system, which includes a flow meter and at least two water pressure gauges. The flow meter is installed in the first connecting pipe 7 on the pipeline before the rising section, and the water pressure gauges are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the base slab 2 of the anti-buoyancy basement 1. By setting the flow meter in the first connecting pipe 7 and arranging multiple water pressure gauges at intervals, the drainage flow and water pressure distribution at different positions of the base slab 2 can be monitored in real time, providing data support for judging unfavorable working conditions such as blockage of the drainage structure or excessive buoyancy.

[0063] like Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the present invention also provides an anti-buoyancy control method using the above-mentioned anti-buoyancy device, comprising the following steps:

[0064] S1, turn off the drive device, close the third solenoid valve 81, the fourth solenoid valve 82 and the fifth solenoid valve 91, and the pressurized water in the sedimentation tank 5 is discharged to the overflow collection well 6 of the anti-buoyancy basement 1 through the first connecting pipe 7. The water pressure at different positions under the bottom plate 2 of the anti-buoyancy basement 1 is monitored in real time, and the drainage flow rate of the first connecting pipe 7 is monitored in real time.

[0065] S2, compare and analyze the measured water pressure with the design buoyancy resistance, and compare and analyze the measured drainage flow with the design flow. If the water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow is less than the design flow, it is judged that the drainage structure is blocked, and step S3 is executed. If the water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow is greater than the design flow, it is judged that the buoyancy is too large, and step S4 is executed.

[0066] S3, open the third solenoid valve 81, the fourth solenoid valve 82 and the fifth solenoid valve 91, start the drive device, the drive device transports the sediment in the overflow collection well 6 to the second connecting pipe 8, and enters the sedimentation tank 5 through the first connecting pipe 7, and discharges the silt in the sedimentation tank 5 from the third connecting pipe 9 to the overflow collection well 6.

[0067] S4, open the fourth solenoid valve 82, keep the third solenoid valve 81, the fifth solenoid valve 91 and the drive device closed, and the pressurized water in the sedimentation tank 5 flows to the overflow collection well 6 through the second preset height in the first connecting pipe 7.

[0068] This invention continuously monitors the drainage flow rate in the anti-buoyancy basement 1 and the water pressure at different locations on the foundation slab 2, and compares and analyzes these data with the design anti-buoyancy force and design flow rate. If the water pressure exceeds the design anti-buoyancy force and the drainage flow rate is less than the design flow rate, the system determines that the drainage structure is blocked. The system then opens the third solenoid valve 81, the fourth solenoid valve 82 and the fifth solenoid valve 91 and starts the drive device to reverse the flow of sediment in the overflow collection well 6 to the sedimentation tank 5, forming a high-pressure flushing flow to remove the silt and sand in the sedimentation tank 5 and discharge it through the third connecting pipe 9, thus avoiding blind drainage that could worsen the blockage.

[0069] When the water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate is greater than the design flow rate, the system determines that the buoyancy is too high. It opens only the fourth solenoid valve 82 and closes other valves and drive devices. By using the cooperation of the first connecting pipe 7 and the second connecting pipe 8, the pressurized water that originally entered the overflow collection well 6 through the first preset height directly enters the overflow collection well 6 through the second preset height, reducing the water head height and accelerating the drainage flow rate.

[0070] This invention forms a closed-loop monitoring and execution system emergency response mechanism by real-time monitoring and identification of adverse working conditions and targeted graded responses, ensuring that the water pressure on the bottom plate 2 drops rapidly to a safe range, thereby guaranteeing the anti-buoyancy safety of the building.

[0071] Specifically, in step S1, real-time monitoring of water pressure at different locations under the floor slab 2 of the anti-buoyancy basement 1 and real-time monitoring of drainage flow rate in the first connecting pipe 7 specifically includes:

[0072] At least two water pressure gauges are installed at intervals at the bottom of the base slab 2 of the anti-buoyancy basement 1, and the water pressure at different locations under the base slab 2 of the anti-buoyancy basement 1 is monitored in real time.

[0073] A flow meter is installed on the pipeline before the rising section inside the first connecting pipe 7. The flow meter monitors the drainage flow of the first connecting pipe 7 in real time.

[0074] By installing a flow meter in the first connecting pipe 7 and arranging multiple water pressure gauges at intervals, the drainage flow rate and water pressure distribution at different locations on the bottom plate 2 can be monitored in real time, providing data support for judging unfavorable working conditions such as blockage of the drainage structure or excessive buoyancy.

[0075] Specifically, a second solenoid valve 72 is also provided at the first preset height of the first connecting pipe 7; in step S1, when the fourth solenoid valve 82 is closed, the second solenoid valve 72 is opened; in step S3, when the fourth solenoid valve 82 is opened, the second solenoid valve 72 is closed; in step S4, when the fourth solenoid valve 82 is opened, the second solenoid valve 72 is closed.

[0076] When the fourth solenoid valve 82 is closed, the second solenoid valve 72 is opened, so that the water head height is at the first preset height. When the fourth solenoid valve 82 is opened to reduce the effective water head height, the second solenoid valve 72 is closed, blocking the path for the water flow to continue to rise to the first preset height. This allows the pressurized water in the sedimentation tank 5 to flow only through the connection point at the second preset height into the second connecting pipe 8, thereby strictly limiting the effective drainage head to the height, significantly reducing the system water head height, reducing head loss, and maximizing the drainage flow rate.

[0077] Specifically, in step S2, if the water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate is greater than the design flow rate, it is determined that the buoyancy is too large. Step S4 is then executed. Specifically, if the water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate is greater than the design flow rate, it is determined that the buoyancy is too large. Step S4 is executed when the water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate is greater than or equal to 120% of the design flow rate, it is determined that the buoyancy is too large.

[0078] Specifically, after executing step S3, the groundwater pressure and drainage flow rate are re-measured. If the water pressure is less than or equal to the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate is close to the design flow rate, it is determined that the underground structure meets the buoyancy resistance safety requirements, and step S1 is executed. If the re-measured water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate is less than 60% of the design flow rate, it is determined that the drainage structure is not completely cleared of blockage, and step S3 is executed again.

[0079] Specifically, after executing step S4, the groundwater pressure and drainage flow rate are re-measured. If the water pressure is less than or equal to the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate is close to the design flow rate, it is determined that the underground structure meets the buoyancy resistance safety requirements, and step S1 is executed; if the water pressure is still greater than the design buoyancy resistance, step S5 is executed.

[0080] S5, a drainage pipe is installed in the ordinary water collection well 16 adjacent to the overflow water collection well 6. One end of the drainage pipe is connected to the drainage layer 4, and the other end of the drainage pipe is connected to the ordinary water collection well 16 to assist the anti-buoyancy basement 1 in drainage.

[0081] If, after executing step S4, the retested groundwater pressure is still greater than the design buoyancy resistance, it indicates that the drainage capacity of the single overflow collection well 6 has reached its limit. Since the bottom of the anti-buoyancy basement contains both an overflow collection well and a regular collection well 16, auxiliary drainage can be achieved using the regular collection well 16 adjacent to the overflow collection well. At this point, step S5 is initiated. By adding a drainage pipe to the regular collection well 16 adjacent to the overflow collection well 6, excess pressurized water in the drainage layer 4 is guided to the regular collection well 16 for auxiliary discharge, fully utilizing the existing drainage facilities of the surrounding regular collection wells 16. The spatial capacity effectively expands the overall drainage capacity, forming a regional collaborative pressure relief network. This measure not only avoids the space occupation and energy consumption increase caused by adding high-power equipment inside the overflow collection well 6, but also significantly improves the redundancy response capability of the system under extreme high water level conditions, preventing the bottom plate 2 from floating or structural damage due to poor drainage. It greatly enhances the safety margin and emergency reliability of the anti-buoyancy system, and is especially suitable for large-scale water pressure anomaly scenarios such as sudden rise in groundwater and rainstorm flooding. It realizes the upgrade from single-unit anti-buoyancy to regional joint drainage, ensuring the overall stability of the underground structure.

[0082] Specifically, in S5, a drainage pipe is installed in a regular water collection well 16 adjacent to the overflow water collection well 6. One end of the drainage pipe is connected to the drainage layer 4, and the other end of the drainage pipe is connected to the regular water collection well 16. The drainage of the anti-buoyancy basement 1 is assisted by the following: the drainage pipe includes a filter pipe 12 and a return pipe 15. A horizontal lateral hole 11 is opened on the side wall of one or more regular water collection wells 16 adjacent to the overflow water collection well 6. A filter pipe 12 is installed in the horizontal lateral hole 11. The filter pipe 12 is wrapped with a reverse filter layer 13 and then inserted into the horizontal lateral hole 11 so that one end of the filter pipe 12 is connected to the drainage layer 4 at the bottom of the regular basement. The horizontal lateral hole 11 is sealed, and the other end of the filter pipe 12 is connected to the return pipe 15.

[0083] By opening a horizontal lateral hole 11 with a filter pipe 12 and a reverse filter layer 13 on the side wall of the overflow collection well 6 in a normal basement and connecting it with a return pipe 15, the controlled introduction and efficient discharge of groundwater can be achieved without compromising structural safety. This effectively expands the anti-buoyancy drainage capacity, prevents external silt from flowing in and clogging the pipe, and ensures the long-term stable operation of the auxiliary pressure relief system.

[0084] Specifically, the filter pipe 12 has multiple through holes spaced apart on its side wall, and the end of the filter pipe 12 inserted into the drainage layer 4 is provided with a tail seal. The multiple through holes spaced apart on the side wall of the filter pipe 12 can increase the water inlet area and realize the uniform introduction of groundwater from multiple points. At the same time, the tail seal at the end prevents mud and sand from flowing in from the pipe end. Together with the reverse filter layer 13, it effectively prevents the soil of the drainage layer 4 from entering the filter pipe 12 and ensures the smooth flow of the return pipe 15.

[0085] The working process of this invention is as follows: Under normal operating conditions, the system is in a passive drainage state. The drive device, the third solenoid valve 81, the fourth solenoid valve 82, and the fifth solenoid valve 91 are closed. Under its own water pressure, the groundwater in the sedimentation tank 5 flows naturally into the overflow collection well 6 through the first connecting pipe 7, achieving continuous drainage and pressure reduction. At this time, the flow meter installed in the first connecting pipe 7 monitors the drainage flow rate in real time, and multiple water pressure gauges arranged at intervals on the base plate 2 synchronously monitor the water pressure at different positions on the base plate 2, forming a comprehensive and continuous monitoring of the water pressure.

[0086] Staff compared the measured water pressure with the design buoyancy resistance and analyzed the drainage flow rate with the design flow rate. If the water pressure exceeded the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate was less than 60% of the design flow rate, it was determined that the drainage structure was blocked, that is, the water flow channel was obstructed and the sediment deposition led to a decrease in drainage capacity. If the water pressure exceeded the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate was greater than or equal to 120% of the design flow rate, it was determined that the buoyancy was too high, that is, the external groundwater level rose sharply, exceeding the normal drainage load of the system.

[0087] When the drainage structure is determined to be clogged, emergency measures to clear the blockage are initiated. The third solenoid valve 81, the fourth solenoid valve 82, and the fifth solenoid valve 91 are opened, and the drive device at the bottom of the overflow collection well 6 is activated. Water from the overflow collection well 6 is transported through the second connecting pipe 8 to the second preset height and then injected into the rising section of the first connecting pipe 7. The water flow reverses and enters the sedimentation tank 5, forming a high-pressure flushing flow that washes up the deposited silt and sand, which is then discharged back into the overflow collection well 6 through the third connecting pipe 9, achieving self-circulation sludge removal. After flushing, the water pressure and drainage flow are retested. If the water pressure has dropped below the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow is close to the design, the blockage is considered successfully cleared, and the system returns to normal operation. If the retest still shows excessive water pressure and a drainage flow rate lower than 60% of the design flow rate, the blockage is not completely cleared, and the system will repeatedly initiate the drainage structure blockage removal measures until normal operation is restored.

[0088] When excessive buoyancy is detected, emergency pressure relief measures for the drainage pipe are activated. Only the fourth solenoid valve 82 is opened, while the third solenoid valve 81 and the fifth solenoid valve 91 remain closed. The drive device is not activated. At this time, the high-pressure water in the sedimentation tank 5 flows along the first connecting pipe 7 under the action of gravity. Since the second connecting pipe 8 is connected to the first connecting pipe 7 at the second preset height, and the first preset height is higher than the second preset height, the water flow preferentially flows through the connection point at the second preset height into the second connecting pipe 8, thereby effectively reducing the head height of the drainage path, reducing resistance, and significantly increasing the drainage flow rate. To prevent the water flow from still rushing upward to the first preset height and causing head waste, the second solenoid valve 72, located at the first preset height of the first connecting pipe 7, is closed while the fourth solenoid valve 82 is opened, blocking the high-level flow path and ensuring that the head is strictly controlled at the second preset height, maximizing the pressure relief efficiency. After pressure relief, a retest is performed. If the water pressure has returned to a safe range, the pressure relief is considered successful, and the system returns to normal operation.

[0089] If the retested water pressure still exceeds the design buoyancy resistance, it indicates that the drainage capacity of the single overflow collection well 6 has reached its limit, and a higher level of emergency measures needs to be initiated. At this time, the overflow collection well 6 pressure relief emergency measures are initiated. Horizontal lateral holes 11 are opened on the side wall of one or more ordinary collection wells 16 adjacent to the overflow collection well 6, and filter pipes 12 with multiple side wall through holes are inserted. The ends of the filter pipes 12 are sealed to prevent mud and sand from entering from the pipe ends. After wrapping the filter layer 13, it is fixed in the horizontal lateral holes 11 and the horizontal lateral holes 11 are sealed. Finally, a return pipe 15 is connected to the filter pipe 12 to lead part of the pressurized water in the drainage layer 4 to the ordinary basement overflow collection well 6 for discharge. This makes full use of the existing drainage facilities of the surrounding ordinary basements to form a regional coordinated pressure relief network, significantly expands the overall drainage capacity of the system, effectively copes with extreme high water level conditions, and prevents the bottom slab 2 from floating or structural damage.

[0090] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide an anti-buoyancy device and an anti-buoyancy control method. By continuously monitoring the drainage flow rate in the anti-buoyancy basement 1 and the water pressure at different locations of the base slab 2, and comparing and analyzing these data with the design anti-buoyancy force and design flow rate, if the water pressure exceeds the design anti-buoyancy force and the drainage flow rate is less than the design flow rate, the system determines that the drainage structure is blocked. The third solenoid valve 81, the fourth solenoid valve 82 and the fifth solenoid valve 91 are opened and the drive device is started to reverse the flow of sediment in the overflow collection well 6 to the sedimentation tank 5, forming a high-pressure flushing flow to remove the silt and sand in the sedimentation tank 5 and discharge it through the third connecting pipe 9, thus avoiding blind drainage that would aggravate the blockage.

[0091] When the water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate is greater than the design flow rate, the system determines that the buoyancy is too high. It opens only the fourth solenoid valve 82 and closes other valves and drive devices. By using the cooperation of the first connecting pipe 7 and the second connecting pipe 8, the pressurized water that originally entered the overflow collection well 6 through the first preset height directly enters the overflow collection well 6 through the second preset height, reducing the water head height and accelerating the drainage flow rate.

[0092] This invention forms a closed-loop monitoring and execution system emergency response mechanism by real-time monitoring and identification of adverse working conditions and targeted graded responses, ensuring that the water pressure on the bottom plate 2 drops rapidly to a safe range, thereby guaranteeing the anti-buoyancy safety of the building.

[0093] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling buoyancy, characterized in that, Includes an anti-buoyancy device for installation in an anti-buoyancy basement (1), the bottom of the anti-buoyancy basement (1) is provided with a drainage layer (4), the lower part of the drainage layer (4) is provided with a sedimentation tank (5) communicating with the drainage layer (4), and the bottom of the anti-buoyancy basement (1) is also provided with an overflow collection well (6) communicating with the anti-buoyancy basement (1). The anti-buoyancy device includes: a first connecting pipe (7), one end of which is connected to the sedimentation tank (5), and the other end extends through the side wall of the overflow collection well (6) into the overflow collection well (6). The other end in the overflow collection well (6) first extends upward to a first preset height in the anti-buoyancy basement (1) to form an ascending section, and then extends downward into the overflow collection well (6) to form a descending section. The second connecting pipe (8) is connected at one end to a drive device located at the bottom of the overflow collection well (6), and at the other end it extends upward to the second preset height in the anti-buoyancy basement (1) and then connects to the rising section and the falling section of the first connecting pipe (7) in sequence. The drive device is used to transport the water in the overflow collection well (6) to the second connecting pipe (8). The third connecting pipe (9) is connected at one end to the sedimentation tank (5) and at the other end extends through the side wall of the overflow collection well (6) into the overflow collection well (6). The first preset height is greater than the second preset height; A third solenoid valve (81) is provided on the second connecting pipe (8) between the driving device and the descending section, and a fourth solenoid valve (82) is provided on the second connecting pipe (8) between the ascending section and the descending section. The third connecting pipe (9) is equipped with a fifth solenoid valve (91). The monitoring system includes a flow meter and at least two water pressure gauges; the flow meter is installed in the first connecting pipe (7) on the pipeline before the rising section, and the water pressure gauges are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the base plate (2) of the anti-buoyancy basement (1); The anti-buoyancy control method includes the following steps: S1, turn off the drive device, close the third solenoid valve (81), the fourth solenoid valve (82) and the fifth solenoid valve (91), and the pressurized water in the sedimentation tank (5) is discharged to the overflow collection well (6) of the anti-buoyancy basement (1) through the first connecting pipe (7). The water pressure at different positions under the bottom plate (2) of the anti-buoyancy basement (1) is monitored in real time, and the drainage flow of the first connecting pipe (7) is monitored in real time. S2, compare and analyze the measured water pressure with the design buoyancy resistance, and compare and analyze the measured drainage flow with the design flow. If the water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow is less than the design flow, it is judged that the drainage structure is blocked, and step S3 is executed. If the water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow is greater than the design flow, it is judged that the buoyancy is too large, and step S4 is executed. S3, open the third solenoid valve (81), the fourth solenoid valve (82) and the fifth solenoid valve (91), start the drive device, the drive device transports the sediment in the overflow collection well (6) to the second connecting pipe (8), and enters the sedimentation tank (5) through the first connecting pipe (7), and discharges the silt in the sedimentation tank (5) from the third connecting pipe (9) to the overflow collection well (6); S4, open the fourth solenoid valve (82), keep the third solenoid valve (81), the fifth solenoid valve (91) and the drive device closed, and the pressurized water in the sedimentation tank (5) flows through the first connecting pipe (7) to the overflow collection well (6) at the second preset height.

2. The anti-buoyancy control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, real-time monitoring of water pressure at different locations under the floor slab (2) of the anti-buoyancy basement (1) and real-time monitoring of the drainage flow rate of the first connecting pipe (7) specifically includes: At least two water pressure gauges are installed at intervals at the bottom of the bottom slab (2) of the anti-buoyancy basement (1), and each water pressure gauge monitors the water pressure at different locations under the bottom slab (2) of the anti-buoyancy basement (1) in real time; A flow meter is installed on the pipeline before the rising section inside the first connecting pipe (7), and the flow meter monitors the drainage flow of the first connecting pipe (7) in real time.

3. The anti-buoyancy control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second solenoid valve (72) is also provided at the first preset height of the first connecting pipe (7). In step S1, when the fourth solenoid valve (82) is closed, the second solenoid valve (72) is opened. In step S3, when the fourth solenoid valve (82) is opened, the second solenoid valve (72) is closed. In step S4, when the fourth solenoid valve (82) is opened, the second solenoid valve (72) is closed.

4. The anti-buoyancy control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After executing step S3, re-measure the groundwater pressure and drainage flow. If the water pressure is less than or equal to the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow is close to the design flow, it is determined that the underground structure meets the buoyancy resistance safety requirements, and step S1 is executed. If the retested water pressure exceeds the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow is less than 60% of the design flow, it is determined that the drainage structure is not completely cleared of blockage, and step S3 is executed again.

5. The anti-buoyancy control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After performing step S4, remeasure the groundwater pressure and drainage flow rate. If the water pressure is less than or equal to the design buoyancy resistance and the drainage flow rate is close to the design flow rate, it is determined that the underground structure meets the buoyancy resistance safety requirements, and step S1 is executed. If the water pressure is still greater than the design buoyancy resistance, step S5 is executed. S5, a drain pipe is installed in the ordinary water collection well (16) adjacent to the overflow water collection well (6). One end of the drain pipe is connected to the hydrophobic layer (4), and the other end of the drain pipe is connected to the ordinary water collection well (16) to assist the overflow water collection well (6) in draining water.

6. The anti-buoyancy control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, S5, a drain pipe is installed in the ordinary water collection well (16) adjacent to the overflow water collection well (6). One end of the drain pipe is connected to the hydrophobic layer (4), and the other end of the drain pipe is connected to the ordinary water collection well (16). The auxiliary drainage of the overflow water collection well (6) specifically includes: The drainage pipe includes a filter pipe (12) and a return pipe (15). A horizontal lateral hole (11) is opened on the side wall of one or more ordinary water collection wells (16) adjacent to the overflow collection well (6). The filter pipe (12) is installed in the horizontal lateral hole (11). After the filter pipe (12) is wrapped with a reverse filter layer (13), it is inserted into the horizontal lateral hole (11) so that one end of the filter pipe (12) is connected to the drainage layer (4) at the bottom of the ordinary basement. The horizontal lateral hole (11) is sealed. The return pipe (15) is connected to the other end of the filter pipe (12).

7. The anti-buoyancy control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first solenoid valve (71) is provided on the first connecting pipe (7) before the rising section.

8. The anti-buoyancy control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving device includes a water pump (10), which is located at the bottom of the overflow collection well (6).

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