Multi-energy complementary energy supply system based on pvt integration and control method

Abstract

The present application relates to photovoltaic photothermal technical field, especially in multi-energy complementary energy supply system and control method based on PVT integration, including PVT assembly, heat pump unit, heat storage body and heat supply terminal, the PVT assembly, the heat pump unit, the heat storage body and the heat supply terminal form the pipeline loop of conveying heat energy between, the PVT assembly is configured to be provided with water storage tank, the inlet and outlet of the water storage tank on the pipeline loop are respectively provided with valve one, valve two, the inlet side of valve one and the outlet side of valve two are provided with bypass branch line on the pipeline loop, and the bypass branch line is provided with valve three.The PVT assembly waste heat of the present application is exported in time and the mild operating environment is run, and the service life is prolonged;Coupling reduces equipment redundancy, reduces cost;Photovoltaic power generation directly drives heat pump and charging pile, combined with cross-season heat storage, realizes electricity self-production and self-sale, cold and heat balance, and annual carbon reduction amount is remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic and solar thermal technology, and in particular to a multi-energy complementary power supply system and control method based on PVT integration. Background Technology

[0002] The statements herein provide only background information in relation to this invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Currently, multi-energy complementary systems still face a series of key technological bottlenecks in building energy supply applications. Traditional photovoltaic thermal (PVT) modules suffer from significant power generation efficiency degradation under high-temperature environments and low waste heat recovery rates, making it difficult to improve their overall energy efficiency. At the system level, there is a general lack of the ability to classify and utilize energy quality and to regulate it across seasons. Winter and summer energy supply systems are often set up separately, resulting in high initial investment, crude control, and poor spatiotemporal energy matching. In addition, existing embedded tube radiant terminals have limited functions, making it difficult to coordinate with the thermal management of the building envelope, and they also lack the ability to precisely control temperature in different zones, thus limiting the overall energy efficiency and adaptability of the system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings by providing a multi-energy complementary power supply system and control method based on PVT integration.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a multi-energy complementary energy supply system based on PVT integration, including PVT components, heat pump units, thermal storage bodies and heating terminals, wherein the PVT components, the heat pump units, the thermal storage bodies and the heating terminals form a pipeline loop for transporting heat energy. The PVT component is equipped with a water storage tank for off-peak electricity heat storage. Valve 1 and valve 2 are respectively installed on the pipeline circuit at the inlet and outlet of the water storage tank. A bypass branch is installed on the pipeline circuit between the inlet side of valve 1 and the outlet side of valve 2 to bypass the water storage tank. Valve 3 is installed on the bypass branch. The heat pump unit includes a ground source heat pump, and the operation of the ground source heat pump is driven by the PVT component; When the ground source heat pump is running, the heat energy generated by the PVT components is continuously injected into the thermal storage body; The heating terminal includes a pipe-embedded composite wall system, which includes an embedded pipe connected to the ground source heat pump. The heat energy of the water flowing through the embedded pipe is connected to the heat storage body through the ground source heat pump.

[0006] Furthermore, the thermal storage body is buried in the shallow geothermal soil in the form of underground pipes.

[0007] Furthermore, the embedded tube composite wall system also includes an external embedded tube installed on the wall and directly connected to the heat storage body. The external embedded tube is used to form a thermal barrier to reduce heat loss from the building wall and to preheat the fresh air entering the room.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes: A charging station that can utilize waste heat, and the power for the operation of the charging station is provided by the PVT component.

[0009] Furthermore, the heat pump unit also includes an air source heat pump, a wastewater source heat pump, and a gas-fired boiler.

[0010] Furthermore, the heating terminal also includes a water storage tank for a boiler used for peak electrothermal release.

[0011] Based on the PVT integrated multi-energy complementary power supply control method, and according to seasonal variation patterns, the following three types of control methods are executed through the intelligent management and control platform: Method 1: In spring and autumn, full-capacity energy storage is implemented, prioritizing the injection of solar heat generated by the PVT modules and waste heat from the charging piles into the heat storage body via the heat pump unit to accumulate energy; Method 2: In summer, based on the relationship between the temperature of the PVT component and the set temperature threshold T, the heat energy generated by the PVT component and the waste heat of the charging pile are injected into the heat storage body through the adjustment of the heat pump unit. Method 3: In winter, the power generated by the PVT component is used to drive the heat pump unit to extract heat from the thermal storage body across seasons for heating or to start the charging pile for energy use, and to recover the waste heat generated by the PVT component.

[0012] Furthermore, the specific control logic of Method 1 is as follows: The heat pump unit is operated intermittently or placed in standby mode according to the indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity conditions. The embedded pipe composite wall system is switched to a low flow circulation state, and the opening of valves one, two, and three on the outer and inner embedded pipes is dynamically adjusted to maintain the building's thermal balance.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific control logic of method two is as follows: When the temperature of the PVT component is lower than the set temperature threshold T, valve one and valve two are closed, valve three is opened, and the water outlet of the heat pump unit flows through the heat storage body for heat exchange, raising the shallow ground source temperature for underground storage of thermal energy, and then flows back to the heat pump unit to reduce the condensing temperature of the heat pump unit. When the temperature of the PVT component exceeds the set temperature threshold T, valve one, valve two and valve three are opened, and the opening degree of each valve is adjusted at the same time to control the mixing water ratio. A portion of the water output from the heat pump unit first flows through the water storage tank for heat exchange, absorbing the waste heat generated by the PVT component in the water storage tank, and mixes with the remaining water output from the heat pump unit before flowing through the heat storage body for heat exchange. The mixed water ratio is defined as the ratio of the flow rate through the storage tank to the total flow rate, i.e. R=Q 蓄水罐 / Q 总 Among them, Q 总 =Q 蓄水罐 +Q 旁管支路 ; Calculate the opening degree K1 of valve one and the flow rate Q entering the water storage tank. 蓄水罐 ,have: Q 蓄水罐 =K1 k1, K1 = R Q 总 / k1 Calculate the opening degree K3 of valve three and the flow rate Q through the bypass branch. 旁管支路 ,have: Q 旁管支路 =K3 k3, K3 = (1-R) Q 总 / k3 Where k1 and k3 are valve flow coefficients; The opening degree K2 of valve 2 is usually coordinated with the opening degree K1 of valve 1. When K2=100%, the water tank flows smoothly. The opening degrees of valve 1 and valve 3 are inversely proportional, that is, when K1 increases, K3 decreases. The target mixed water ratio R is dynamically calculated based on the deviation between the PVT component temperature and the threshold T: Let T p The current temperature of the PVT module is T, where T is the threshold temperature set for the PVT module. max This is the upper limit of the PVT component, when T p When T ≤ T, R = 0; when T p When T > T, R changes with T p The temperature of the PVT component increases linearly until R=1. The higher the temperature of the PVT component, the larger R becomes, which means increasing the flow rate through the water storage tank to absorb more waste heat.

[0014] Furthermore, the specific control logic of method three is as follows: When the water storage tank does not need to dissipate heat, valve one and valve two are closed, and valve three is opened. Cold water flows through the heat storage body for heat exchange and then flows back to the heat pump unit, raising the water temperature. When the water storage tank needs to dissipate heat, valve one, valve two and valve three are opened, and the opening degree of each valve is adjusted to control the ratio of mixed water; The target mixed water ratio R is dynamically calculated based on the heat dissipation requirements of the water storage tank and the ground source temperature, and is as follows: T h =R T x +(1-R)T r , T h ≤ T 允 , T h =T 地源 -ΔT, R = (T) h -T r ) / (T x -T r ) Among them, T h It is the temperature of the mixed water, T r The outlet water temperature of the heat pump unit, T x It is the water temperature after flowing through the storage tank, T 允 This is the maximum allowable temperature for geothermal storage, where ΔT is a safety margin greater than 0℃. 地源 This represents shallow geothermal temperature, with an R value in the range of 0-1. By calculating the R value, the opening degrees of valve one and valve three are controlled and dynamically adjusted, resulting in: K1 = R Q 总 / k1, K3 = (1-R) Q 总 / k3.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are reflected in: This invention integrates PVT modules and heat pump units. The PVT modules collect waste heat while generating electricity, and the heat pump achieves efficient and stable heat energy supply, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of traditional systems in terms of high-temperature efficiency degradation and heating continuity. This improves overall energy utilization efficiency and extends the lifespan of PVT modules. Furthermore, it can construct a cross-seasonal heat storage system of PVT modules, charging piles, and shallow ground source heat pumps. In summer and transitional seasons (spring and autumn), heat collected by the PVT modules and waste heat from the charging piles are injected into shallow ground source energy storage. In winter, underground heat storage is extracted for heating, and photovoltaic power generation supplies energy to the heat pumps or charging piles, achieving self-generation and self-consumption of electricity, achieving heat and cold balance, and significantly reducing annual carbon emissions. Moreover, utilizing double-layer embedded pipe composite wall technology, the outer embedded pipe connects to low-grade cold and heat sources such as shallow geothermal energy to intercept heat loss from the building envelope, while the inner embedded pipe connects to a high-grade heat pump system to achieve low-temperature hot water radiant energy supply. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a system schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the control logic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the graded energy supply unit of the present invention; Figure 4 This invention relates to a distributed heating system for multi-energy complementary energy coupling. Figure 5 This invention relates to a multi-energy complementary energy coupling system for centralized heating. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1-5 The present invention discloses a multi-energy complementary energy supply system based on PVT integration, including PVT components, heat pump units, thermal storage bodies and heating terminals, wherein the PVT components, the heat pump units, the thermal storage bodies and the heating terminals form a pipeline loop for transporting heat energy. The PVT component is equipped with a water storage tank for off-peak electricity heat storage. Valve 1 and valve 2 are respectively installed on the pipeline circuit at the inlet and outlet of the water storage tank. A bypass branch is installed on the pipeline circuit between the inlet side of valve 1 and the outlet side of valve 2 to bypass the water storage tank. Valve 3 is installed on the bypass branch. The heat pump unit includes a ground source heat pump, and the operation of the ground source heat pump is driven by the PVT component; When the ground source heat pump is running, the heat energy generated by the PVT components is continuously injected into the thermal storage body; The heating terminal includes a pipe-embedded composite wall system, which includes an embedded pipe connected to the ground source heat pump. The heat energy of the water flowing through the embedded pipe is connected to the heat storage body through the ground source heat pump.

[0019] In practical implementation, the intelligent management and control platform integrates PVT modules, heat pump units, energy storage bodies, and key components of heating terminals to construct a multi-energy complementary energy coupling system, forming a complete "energy generation-storage-release" cycle chain and collaborative technology chain. This system connects to low-grade heat sources such as shallow geothermal energy through externally embedded pipes to efficiently intercept heat loss from the building envelope. Simultaneously, internally embedded pipes connect to a high-grade heat pump system, utilizing ≤35℃ low-temperature hot water for indoor radiant energy supply. During summer and transitional seasons, the system injects heat collected by the PVT modules and waste heat from charging piles into shallow geothermal sources to achieve cross-seasonal heat storage. In winter, the heat pump units extract underground heat for heating. The electricity generated by the PVT modules directly drives the heat pump units or charging piles, achieving self-production and self-consumption of energy. Furthermore, it establishes collaborative operation modes for different application scenarios, including distributed and centralized systems, and real-time allocates energy output from each subsystem, significantly improving the overall system efficiency and adaptability. Ultimately, this forms a complete technology chain for multi-energy complementarity and the collaborative utilization of energy of varying grades.

[0020] In one embodiment, the thermal storage body is buried in the soil of a shallow geothermal source using underground pipes. This design allows for cross-seasonal thermal storage by injecting the heat collected by the PVT modules and the waste heat from the charging piles into the shallow geothermal source during the spring and transitional seasons (spring and autumn). This utilizes the insulating properties of the soil and eliminates the need for deep groundwater extraction, significantly reducing installation costs.

[0021] In one embodiment, the embedded pipe composite wall system further includes an external embedded pipe disposed on the wall and directly connected to the heat storage body. The external embedded pipe is used to form a thermal barrier to reduce heat loss from the building walls and preheat the fresh air entering the room. This design, in conjunction with the internal embedded pipe, enables distributed heating. The external embedded pipe connects to low-grade heat sources such as shallow geothermal energy to efficiently intercept heat loss from the building envelope, while the internal embedded pipe connects to a high-grade heat pump system (heat pump unit) to provide indoor radiant energy using low-temperature hot water at ≤35℃.

[0022] In one embodiment, it further includes: The charging piles utilize waste heat, and the power to operate the charging piles is provided by the PVT modules. This design fully utilizes the waste heat generated by the charging piles, and the electricity generated by the PVT modules powers the operation of the charging piles, achieving self-generation and self-consumption of electricity, resulting in significant annual carbon reduction.

[0023] In one embodiment, the heat pump unit further includes an air source heat pump, a wastewater source heat pump, and a gas-fired boiler. This design integrates the wastewater source heat pump (highly efficient and stable), the air source heat pump, and the gas-fired boiler as peak-shaving and backup backups, ensuring heating stability under extreme operating conditions and forming a technical solution that integrates high efficiency, economy, reliability, and environmental protection, suitable for district centralized heating.

[0024] In one embodiment, the heating terminal also includes a water storage tank for a boiler used for peak-load heat release. This design, combined with the water storage tank configured on the PVT module for off-peak electricity heat storage, implements a dual-tank strategy of "off-peak electricity heat storage and peak-load heat release," effectively shaving off peak loads and reducing operating costs.

[0025] Additional information: The water storage tank contains an internal heat exchanger to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0026] The PVT-integrated multi-energy complementary power supply control method has different operating procedures in different seasons.

[0027] Its control principle is as follows: During the transition season (spring and autumn), the building's heating and cooling loads decrease significantly, and the system's core operating objectives are energy storage and system status maintenance. The intelligent management and control platform automatically switches to the transition season operation mode, and its control strategy is as follows: The system prioritizes injecting the solar thermal energy collected by the PVT modules and the waste heat generated during the operation of the charging piles into the shallow ground source heat storage body through the heat pump unit, continuously accumulating energy to prepare for winter heating demand. At this time, the heat pump unit operates intermittently or is in standby mode depending on actual demand, while the embedded pipe composite wall system switches to a low-flow circulation state. The outer and inner embedded pipe circuits dynamically adjust the opening of valves one, two, and three according to the indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity conditions, maintaining only the basic thermal balance of the building, preventing overheating or overcooling, and significantly reducing the system's operating energy consumption.

[0028] In summer operation mode, the system's control logic adjusts based on the relationship between the PVT component temperature and the setpoint T. When the PVT temperature is below the setpoint T (T is a temperature threshold set to ensure the lifespan of the PVT component 2), valves 1 and 2 are closed, and valve 3 is opened. At this time, the heat pump unit's outlet water (approximately 37°C) flows through a shallow ground source for heat exchange. The ground source temperature is typically maintained at around 20°C. During heat exchange, the ground source temperature rises, achieving underground storage of thermal energy, while the water temperature returning to the heat pump unit decreases, effectively lowering the condensing temperature of the heat pump unit, thus significantly improving system energy efficiency. When the PVT component temperature exceeds the setpoint T, valves 1, 2, and 3 open simultaneously. The mixing water ratio is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of each valve. The mixing water ratio is defined as the ratio of the flow rate through the storage tank to the total flow rate, i.e., R=Q 蓄水罐 / Q 总 Among them, Q 总 =Q 蓄水罐 +Q 旁管支路 ; Calculate the opening degree K1 (in %) of valve one and the flow rate Q entering the water storage tank. 蓄水罐 ,have: Q 蓄水罐 =K1 k1, K1 = R Q 总 / k1 Calculate the opening degree K3 (in %) of valve three and the flow rate Q through the bypass branch. 旁管支路 ,have: Q 旁管支路 =K3 k3, K3 = (1-R) Q 总 / k3 Where k1 and k3 are valve flow coefficients; The opening degree K2 of valve two is usually coordinated with the opening degree K1 of valve one. When K2=100%, the water tank flows smoothly, and the opening degrees of valve one and valve three are inversely proportional, that is, when K1 increases, K3 decreases, so as to achieve flow distribution; while the target mixed water ratio R is dynamically calculated based on the deviation between the PVT component temperature and the threshold T, let T p The current temperature of the PVT module is T, where T is the threshold temperature set for the PVT module. max This is the upper limit of the PVT component, when T p When T ≤ T, R = 0; when T p When T > T, R changes with T p The temperature of the PVT components increases linearly until R=1. The higher the temperature of the PVT components, the larger R becomes, meaning the flow rate through the storage tank increases to absorb more waste heat. However, it is necessary to ensure that the temperature of the mixed water does not exceed the allowable upper limit of the ground source heat storage. Ultimately, a portion of the heat pump unit outlet water first flows through the storage tank for heat exchange, absorbing waste heat and increasing in temperature. This water then mixes with another portion of the outlet water flowing through the branch pipes. The mixed water then flows through the ground source for heat exchange. Although the heat pump return water temperature increases compared to the unmixed condition, leading to a higher condensing temperature and a slight decrease in energy efficiency, the mixed water temperature is still lower than the conventional cooling water temperature. Therefore, the system energy efficiency is still higher than under normal operating conditions.

[0029] In winter operation mode, when the water storage tank does not require heat dissipation, cold water at approximately 10°C first flows through a shallow ground source for heat exchange. The ground source temperature decreases during this process, extracting heat from the ground. The water returning to the heat pump has a higher temperature, effectively increasing the evaporation temperature and thus improving the heat pump's energy efficiency. This also fully utilizes the free heat source in the shallow ground. When the water storage tank requires heat dissipation, valves one, two, and three open simultaneously. The mixing water ratio is controlled by adjusting the valve openings. The target mixing water ratio R is dynamically calculated based on the water storage tank's heat dissipation requirements and the ground source temperature. T h =R T x +(1-R)T r , T h ≤ T 允 , T h =T 地源 -ΔT, R = (T) h -T r ) / (T x -T r ) Among them, T h It is the temperature of the mixed water, T r The outlet water temperature of the heat pump unit, T x It is the water temperature after flowing through the storage tank, T 允 This is the maximum allowable temperature for geothermal storage, where ΔT is a safety margin greater than 0℃. 地源 This represents shallow geothermal temperature, with an R value in the range of 0-1. By calculating the R value, the opening degrees of valve one and valve three are controlled and dynamically adjusted, resulting in: K1 = R Q 总 / k1, K3 = (1-R) Q 总 / k3, Ensure T h Below T 地源 (For example, when the geothermal temperature is 15℃, T) h The temperature is below 15℃, which avoids releasing heat into the ground source and causing energy loss. At the same time, the temperature of the mixed water increases after passing through the ground source heat exchange, which is equivalent to further increasing the evaporation temperature, thus enhancing the system's energy efficiency.

[0030] To further explain, during the transitional seasons (spring and autumn), when building loads are lower, the system's core function is energy storage. Solar thermal energy collected by the PVT modules and waste heat generated by charging piles are continuously injected into the shallow ground source, further enhancing the thermal storage level and preparing for winter heating. The embedded pipe composite wall system operates in a low-flow circulation state, with valves adjusted as needed to maintain only basic thermal balance. Through inter-seasonal energy transfer and graded utilization, this system achieves multi-energy complementarity and efficient energy use, significantly improving overall energy efficiency and renewable energy utilization.

[0031] During summer operation, the externally embedded tubes connect to a shallow ground source, effectively isolating outdoor high temperatures and pre-cooling fresh air, thus reducing the air conditioning cooling load. The internally embedded tubes provide radiant cooling via low-temperature chilled water supplied by the heat pump unit, achieving efficient cooling. At this time, the heat pump unit discharges indoor waste heat into the shallow ground source for storage, while the PVT modules generate electricity to continue driving the system. The waste heat generated is also collected and injected into the shallow ground source's heat storage, accumulating energy for winter. The waste heat generated by the PVT modules is promptly discharged, preventing them from remaining in a high-temperature stagnant state for extended periods, ensuring they operate at a moderate temperature, slowing material aging, and extending the PVT's lifespan.

[0032] During winter operation, the externally embedded pipes connect to low-grade heat sources such as shallow geothermal energy, forming a thermal barrier to significantly reduce heat loss from the building envelope (≥50%) and preheat incoming fresh air. The internally embedded pipes connect to a heat pump system, utilizing low-temperature hot water (≤35℃) for radiant heating, achieving comfortable and energy-efficient heating. The system's energy comes from seasonally stored thermal energy from shallow geothermal sources and electricity generated by the PVT modules. This electricity is directly used to drive the heat pump units or charging piles, achieving self-sufficiency in energy production and reducing dependence on the external power grid. By promptly removing waste heat generated by the PVT and using it for heating, the system effectively controls its operating temperature, significantly extending the lifespan of the PVT equipment.

[0033] To further enhance the applicability and reliability of the system in centralized heating scenarios, this invention constructs a multi-energy complementary energy supply system with a PVT solar thermal system as the core, deeply integrating shallow ground-source interseasonal heat storage and coupling with various auxiliary heat sources such as sewage source heat pumps, air source heat pumps, and gas boilers. The system dynamically schedules various energy sources through an intelligent management and control platform to achieve optimal operation tailored to local conditions: in winter, the PVT modules are used to drive the ground-source heat pump to extract heat from the interseasonal heat storage body, and the waste heat recovery of the PVT modules effectively reduces their own temperature, thereby improving power generation efficiency; in summer, the heat generated by the PVT modules and the waste heat from charging piles are injected underground to achieve soil heat storage, improving the heat extraction quality for winter, while simultaneously combining with the low-temperature cooling capacity of sewage or ground sources for efficient cooling; during the transitional season, energy storage is maximized. The system adopts environmentally friendly shallow underground pipe technology, eliminating the need for groundwater extraction, significantly reducing initial investment. By configuring a water storage tank used in conjunction with the PVT modules and a water storage tank for system heating, a dual-tank strategy of "valley electricity heat storage and peak electricity heat release" is implemented, effectively smoothing peak and valley loads and reducing operating costs. In addition, the system can be flexibly integrated with sewage source heat pumps (high efficiency and stability), air source heat pumps or gas boilers as peak shaving and backup guarantees to ensure heating stability under extreme conditions, ultimately forming a complete technical solution that integrates high efficiency, economy, reliability and environmental protection, suitable for district centralized heating.

[0034] The electrical components described in this article are controlled automatically by a controller. The controller's control circuit can be implemented with simple programming by those skilled in the art, and the power supply is also common knowledge in the field.

[0035] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0036] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0037] Additionally, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-energy complementary power supply control method based on PVT integration, wherein the control method is implemented using a multi-energy complementary power supply system based on PVT integration, characterized in that, The system includes a PVT component, a heat pump unit, a thermal storage body, and a heating terminal, and a pipeline loop for transporting heat energy is formed between the PVT component, the heat pump unit, the thermal storage body, and the heating terminal. The PVT assembly is equipped with a water storage tank for off-peak electricity heat storage. Valve 1 and valve 2 are respectively installed on the pipeline circuit at the inlet and outlet of the water storage tank. A bypass branch is installed on the pipeline circuit between the inlet side of valve 1 and the outlet side of valve 2 to bypass the water storage tank. Valve 3 is installed on the bypass branch. The heat pump unit includes a ground source heat pump, and the operation of the ground source heat pump is driven by the PVT component; The thermal storage body is buried in the shallow geothermal soil in the form of underground pipes; When the ground source heat pump is running, the heat energy generated by the PVT components is continuously injected into the thermal storage body; The heating terminal includes a pipe-embedded composite wall system, which includes an inner pipe connected to the ground source heat pump. The heat energy of the water flowing through the inner pipe is connected to the heat storage body through the ground source heat pump. The pipe-embedded composite wall system also includes an outer pipe installed on the wall and directly connected to the heat storage body. The outer pipe is used to form a thermal barrier to reduce heat loss from the building walls and preheat the fresh air entering the room. The system also includes charging piles that can utilize waste heat, and the power for operating the charging piles is provided by the PVT components; Based on seasonal variation patterns, the following three types of control methods are implemented through the intelligent management and control platform: Method 1: In spring and autumn, full-capacity energy storage is implemented, prioritizing the injection of solar heat generated by the PVT modules and waste heat from the charging piles into the heat storage body via the heat pump unit to accumulate energy; Method 2: In summer, based on the relationship between the temperature of the PVT component and the set temperature threshold T, the heat energy generated by the PVT component and the waste heat of the charging pile are injected into the heat storage body in an adjustable manner through the heat pump unit; Method 3: In winter, the electricity generated by the PVT component is used to drive the heat pump unit to extract heat from the thermal storage body across seasons for heating or to start the charging pile for energy use, and to recover the waste heat generated by the PVT component. The specific control logic of method two is as follows: When the temperature of the PVT component is lower than the set temperature threshold T, valve one and valve two are closed, valve three is opened, and the water outlet of the heat pump unit flows through the heat storage body for heat exchange, raising the shallow ground source temperature for underground storage of thermal energy, and then flows back to the heat pump unit to reduce the condensing temperature of the heat pump unit. When the temperature of the PVT component exceeds the set temperature threshold T, valve one, valve two, and valve three are opened, and the opening degree of each valve is adjusted at the same time to control the mixing water ratio. A portion of the water output from the heat pump unit first flows through the water storage tank for heat exchange, absorbing the waste heat generated by the PVT component in the water storage tank, and mixes with the remaining water output from the heat pump unit before flowing through the heat storage body for heat exchange.

2. The multi-energy complementary power supply control method based on PVT integration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pump unit also includes an air source heat pump, a wastewater source heat pump, and a gas-fired boiler.

3. The multi-energy complementary power supply control method based on PVT integration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating terminal also includes a water storage tank for a boiler used for peak electrothermal release.

4. The multi-energy complementary power supply control method based on PVT integration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific control logic of Method 1 is as follows: The heat pump unit is operated intermittently or placed in standby mode according to the indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity conditions. The embedded pipe composite wall system is switched to a low flow circulation state, and the opening of valve one, valve two and valve three are dynamically adjusted to maintain the building's thermal balance.

5. The multi-energy complementary power supply control method based on PVT integration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific control logic of Method 2 also includes: The mixing ratio is defined as the ratio of the flow rate through the storage tank to the total flow rate, i.e. R=Q 蓄水罐 / Q 总 Among them, Q 总 =Q 蓄水罐 +Q 旁管支路 ; Calculate the opening degree K1 of valve one and the flow rate Q entering the water storage tank. 蓄水罐 ,have: Q 蓄水罐 =K1 k1, K1=R Q 总 / k1 Calculate the valve opening K3 and the flow rate Q through the bypass branch. 旁管支路 ,have: Q 旁管支路 =K3 k3, K3=(1-R) Q 总 / k3 Where k1 and k3 are valve flow coefficients; The opening degree K2 of valve 2 is coordinated with the opening degree K1 of valve 1. When K2=100%, the water tank flows smoothly. The opening degrees of valve 1 and valve 3 are inversely proportional, that is, when K1 increases, K3 decreases. The mixing water ratio R is dynamically calculated based on the deviation between the PVT component temperature and the threshold T: Let T p This is the current temperature of the PVT module, where T is the threshold temperature set for the PVT module. max This is the upper temperature limit of the PVT component, when T p When T ≤ T, R = 0; when T p When T > T, R changes with T p The temperature of the PVT component increases linearly until R=1. The higher the temperature of the PVT component, the larger R becomes, which means increasing the flow rate through the water storage tank to absorb more waste heat.

6. The multi-energy complementary power supply control method based on PVT integration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific control logic of Method 3 is as follows: When the water storage tank does not need to dissipate heat, valve one and valve two are closed, and valve three is opened. Cold water flows through the heat storage body for heat exchange and then flows back to the heat pump unit, raising the water temperature. When the water storage tank needs to dissipate heat, valve one, valve two and valve three are opened, and the opening degree of each valve is adjusted to control the ratio of mixed water; The mixing water ratio R is dynamically calculated based on the heat dissipation requirements of the water storage tank and the ground source temperature, and is as follows: T h =R T x +(1-R)T r , T h ≤ T 允 , T h =T 地源 -ΔT, R=(T h -T r ) / (T x -T r ) Among them, T h It is the temperature of the mixed water, T r The outlet water temperature of the heat pump unit, T x It is the water temperature after flowing through the storage tank, T 允 This is the maximum allowable temperature for geothermal storage, where ΔT is a safety margin greater than 0℃. 地源 This represents shallow geothermal temperature, with an R value in the range of 0-1. By calculating the R value, the opening degrees of valve one and valve three are controlled and dynamically adjusted, resulting in: K1=R Q 总 / k1, K3=(1-R) Q 总 / k3。

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