A rake-free frame paste storage type thickener test method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a rake-free frame paste body warehouse type thickener test method and system, and belongs to the technical field of mine engineering, which comprises the following steps: preparing tailings slurry; preparing flocculating agent; performing flocculation and sedimentation experiment, wherein the specific experiment comprises concentration time experiment, mud layer height experiment and sand discharge rate experiment; and stably discharging sand. In view of the problem that the traditional paste body thickener selection method is not applicable to the rake-free frame paste body warehouse type thickener which depends on self-weight compression, the application discards the selection method taking unit area treatment capacity as the judgment basis, provides an experimental method focusing on the compression characteristics of the material itself and the final paste state characteristics, and determines the underflow concentration, critical mud layer height and stable sand discharge rate through the experimental method, so as to obtain the real basis for design calculation, and thus, reliable basis for selection and operation parameter selection of the rake-free frame paste body warehouse type thickener is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mining engineering technology, and in particular relates to a test method and system for a frameless paste storage thickener. Background Technology

[0002] A rakeless paste storage thickener is a storage-type thickening device that eliminates the mechanical rake frame structure and achieves paste concentration through gravity compression. It is less prone to rake compression and avoids paste caking. However, conventional paste thickeners rely on throughput per unit area or static settling tests for selection, while the rakeless structure depends entirely on gravity compression, resulting in a fundamentally different settling mechanism compared to mechanically agitated thickeners.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a selection test system and test method for a rackless paste storage thickener. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, this application provides a test method for a rackless paste storage thickener, including: Preparation of tailings slurry; Preparation of flocculants; Flocculation and sedimentation experiments were conducted, including experiments on concentration time, mud layer height, and sand discharge rate. Steady-state sand release.

[0005] In some embodiments, the flocculation and sedimentation experiment includes, in which the concentration time experiment, mud layer height experiment, and sand discharge rate experiment are performed sequentially, the following steps are taken: Initiate feeding and establish the mud layer; Interrupt feeding and start timing; Maintain static concentration; Steady-state sand release and concentration measurement.

[0006] In some embodiments, the process of maintaining static concentration further includes: A pressure sensor is installed in the device to monitor pore water pressure, and the dynamic timing is terminated based on the rate of decrease in pore water pressure.

[0007] In some embodiments, the flocculation and sedimentation experiment includes, in which the concentration time experiment, mud layer height experiment, and sand discharge rate experiment are performed sequentially, the following steps are taken: Establish differentiated initial mud layer heights; Fixed concentration time and uniform dehydration; Steady-state low-speed sand discharge sampling.

[0008] In some implementations, establishing differentiated initial mud layer height includes: The height of the barrier net inside the tank was changed to block tailings flocs, and the liquid level in the overflow outlet was monitored.

[0009] In some implementations, establishing differentiated initial mud layer height includes: The mud layer height is divided into low-pressure and high-pressure zones. In the low-pressure zone, the height gradient of the densification experiment is set.

[0010] In some embodiments, the flocculation and sedimentation experiment includes, in which the concentration time experiment, mud layer height experiment, and sand discharge rate experiment are performed sequentially, the following steps are taken: Establish a foundation for steady-state concentration; Initiate gradient sand discharge rate control; Steady-state sand release and real-time monitoring.

[0011] In some embodiments, the aforementioned initiation gradient sand discharge rate control includes: The sand discharge rate is monitored and adjusted in real time by using a bottom flow meter installed at the bottom of the silo in conjunction with a manual gate valve.

[0012] In some embodiments, the initiation gradient sand discharge rate control includes: The sand discharge rate was subjected to stepwise perturbation, and the sand discharge rate was restored to the initial rate in the final stage of perturbation, and the concentration recovery curve was monitored.

[0013] This application also provides a rackless paste storage thickener testing system for implementing the rackless paste storage thickener testing provided in this application, including: The paste storage type thickener chamber is used for flocculation and sedimentation experiments of tailings slurry; Tailings slurry mixing tank, used to prepare uniform experimental tailings slurry; A flocculant dosing system is used to add chemicals to tailings slurry; A barrier net, detachably connected to the interior of the paste storage thickener, is used to control the mud layer height. The underflow meter is connected to the slurry outlet of the paste storage thickener and is used to control and monitor the sand discharge rate.

[0014] This invention provides a test method for a rackless paste storage thickener, comprising: preparing tailings slurry; Flocculant preparation; flocculation and sedimentation experiments were conducted, including concentration time, sludge height, and sand discharge rate experiments; steady-state sand discharge was also performed. Addressing the issue that traditional paste thickener selection methods are unsuitable for rackless paste storage thickeners that rely entirely on gravity compression, this application abandons the selection method based on unit area throughput and provides an experimental method focusing on the material's compression characteristics and final paste state characteristics. This method measures underflow concentration, critical sludge height, and steady-state sand discharge rate, providing a reliable basis for design calculations and selection of reliable rackless paste storage thickener selection and operating parameters.

[0015] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, the accompanying drawings used in this application will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the basic steps of a test method for a rackless paste storage thickener provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a detailed flowchart illustrating the concentration time experiment of a rackless paste storage thickener test method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the optimized process for the concentration time experiment of a rackless paste storage thickener test method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a detailed flowchart illustrating the mud layer height experiment of a rakeless paste storage thickener test method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a detailed flowchart illustrating the process of establishing differentiated initial mud layer heights in a mud layer height experiment, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention, regarding a test method for a rakeless paste storage thickener. Figure 6 This is a further detailed flowchart illustrating the process of establishing differentiated initial mud layer heights in a mud layer height experiment, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention, regarding a test method for a rakeless paste storage thickener. Figure 7This is a detailed flowchart of the sand discharge rate experiment of a rakeless paste storage thickener test method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the optimized process for controlling the gradient sand discharge rate in a test method for a rakeless paste storage thickener provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a further optimization process for the gradient sand discharge rate control in the test method of a rakeless paste storage thickener provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rackless paste storage thickener test system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10, silo body of paste storage thickener; 20, tailings slurry mixing tank; 30, flocculant dosing system; 40, barrier net; 50, underflow meter. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0022] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0029] In some implementations, refer to Figure 1A test method for a rackless paste storage thickener includes: S101, preparing tailings slurry to create the initial tailings slurry body required for the experiment; S102, preparing flocculant to prepare chemical reagents for the flocculation process; S103, conducting flocculation and settling experiments, including a concentration time experiment, a mud layer height experiment, and a sand discharge rate experiment in sequence. After preparing the tailings slurry and flocculant for the experiment, the concentration time experiment, mud layer height experiment, and sand discharge rate experiment are performed to evaluate the settling performance of the thickener. It should be noted that the order of these three experiments cannot be changed, because the concentration time experiment is the starting point of the experiment. On the one hand, the core of the rackless thickener is that the paste autonomously forms a stable structure under pure hydrostatic pressure. In this experimental method, the critical concentration time refers to the minimum time required for the material to form a stable structure under rackless conditions. The minimum time threshold is not only the most important process parameter for paste thickening, but also a crucial indicator for verifying the feasibility of the rakeless thickener scheme. Subsequent experimental verification requires a stable paste structure as a foundation. Only by verifying that static concentration can achieve the paste density standard and that there exists a critical phase transition point for the paste to self-gel, does the scheme have any meaning for further experimentation. Therefore, only by determining the critical concentration time can subsequent experimental data be meaningful. The concentration time experiment determines the time required for the concentration stage during settling; the mud layer height experiment analyzes the impact of mud layer thickness on settling efficiency; and the sand release rate experiment tests the stability of sand release at different flow rates. These three experiments work together to generate key parameters to optimize the flocculation process. S104, steady-state sand release, simulates the continuous sand release behavior of the thickener under operating conditions, ensuring the repeatability and engineering applicability of the experimental results.

[0030] The core of this experimental method lies in the concentration time experiment, mud layer height experiment, and sand discharge rate experiment. The concentration time experiment determines the critical concentration time for the material to autonomously form a stable structure without the interference of a rake. The mud layer height experiment reveals the influence of static pressure on the compressibility of the paste. Finally, the sand discharge rate experiment tests the rheological stability of the paste under gravity, and the feasibility of continuous operation is verified throughout the process using steady-state sand discharge. Compared to traditional thickener experiments, this application specifically simulates a rake-free environment, directly studying the autonomous arching and reflow characteristics of the paste under pure gravity static pressure by disabling the mechanical rake. Combined with progressive experiments of concentration time, mud layer height, and sand discharge rate, a precise material self-sustaining stability model is gradually established, providing a suitable parameter model for the selection of a rake-free thickener, thus avoiding the rheological data distortion problem caused by forced shearing in traditional methods.

[0031] This invention provides a test method for a rakeless paste storage thickener, comprising: S101, preparing tailings slurry; S102, preparing flocculant; S103, conducting flocculation and sedimentation experiments, wherein concentration time, mud layer height, and sand discharge rate experiments are conducted sequentially; S104, steady-state sand discharge. Addressing the problem that traditional paste thickener selection methods are unsuitable for rakeless paste storage thickeners that rely entirely on gravity compression, this application abandons the selection method based on unit area throughput and provides an experimental method focusing on the material's compression characteristics and final paste state characteristics. This experimental method measures underflow concentration, critical mud layer height, and steady-state sand discharge rate, providing a reliable basis for design calculations. This offers a reliable basis for selecting and operating parameters of rakeless paste storage thickeners, guiding equipment design and operating parameter settings.

[0032] In some implementations, refer to Figure 2 In the S103 flocculation and sedimentation experiment, which includes a concentration time experiment, a mud layer height experiment, and a sand discharge rate experiment, the following steps are taken: S201, Concentration Time Experiment; In S201, Concentration Time Experiment, the following steps are taken: S2011, Starting Feeding and Establishing Mud Layer; Specifically, the peristaltic pump is operated to deliver tailings slurry and flocculant solution into the thickener chamber until the mud layer height reaches a preset threshold, thereby ensuring consistent initial sedimentation conditions. For example, the preset threshold is 800 mm, the feed concentration is fixed at 20%, and 30 grams of flocculant are added to each ton of tailings slurry; S2012, Interrupting Feeding and Starting Timing; Specifically, when the mud layer height reaches the preset threshold, pumping is stopped and the timer is started simultaneously to begin recording. Concentration time defines the experimental starting point; S2013, Maintain static concentration; Specifically, after stopping the feed, keep the slurry in the thickener chamber completely still to simulate an industrial shutdown concentration scenario, study the effect of time on particle network reorganization and pore water discharge, and set multiple time gradient nodes to measure concentration at these nodes. For example, three time gradient nodes are set, namely six hours, ten hours and fourteen hours; S2014, Steady-state sand discharge and concentration measurement; Specifically, after the concentration is completed, sand is discharged and kept at a constant low speed to avoid disturbing the mud layer and ensure that the measured concentration can reflect the true compression effect. Then, underflow samples are collected and underflow concentration is calculated to obtain key time-related concentration data and derive the critical concentration time.

[0033] In some implementations, refer to Figure 3In S2013, the process of maintaining static concentration also includes: S20131, installing a pressure sensor in the equipment to monitor pore water pressure and determining the dynamic timing termination based on the pore water pressure drop rate. Specifically, a pressure sensor is installed inside the chamber to continuously monitor the pore water pressure changes in the mud layer in real time, and the dynamic timing termination point is determined based on the slowing trend of the pore water pressure drop rate. The necessity of this step is that the monitoring mechanism enables real-time perception of mud layer dewatering, allowing the experiment to accurately capture the critical point of concentration completion. Compared to the previous method which could only make a rough estimate, this significantly improves experimental accuracy and reduces resource waste (e.g., avoiding excessively long static time or premature termination). At the same time, it provides a mud layer basis with ideal moisture content for subsequent steady-state sand discharge and concentration measurement, enhancing the reliability and efficiency of the entire concentration time experiment.

[0034] In some implementations, refer to Figure 4 In S103, flocculation and sedimentation experiments are conducted, including concentration time experiments, mud layer height experiments, and sand discharge rate experiments. Specifically, in S301, the mud layer height experiment is conducted. This includes: S3011, establishing differentiated initial mud layer heights; specifically, by precisely controlling and actively constructing multiple preset gradients of initial mud layer states, this step is a prerequisite for the experiment; without this step, the influence of height variables cannot be systematically studied. For example, tailings slurry and flocculant are continuously pumped in, stopping when the mud layer height reaches 600 mm, 700 mm, and 800 mm respectively, thereby setting the gradient difference in compressive stress; S3012, fixing the concentration time and uniformly removing... Specifically, the same preset concentration time is applied to all mud layers with different initial heights, strictly controlling the consistency of time variables to ensure that the height-related data obtained later are pure and comparable. For example, the system is kept statically concentrated for 10 hours (the assumed critical concentration time) to ensure that all test groups reach a steady-state dehydration state. S3013, steady-state low-speed sand discharge sampling: Specifically, sand discharge is performed under low-speed stable conditions while simultaneously collecting underflow samples to avoid rapid sand discharge disturbing the mud layer structure and causing inaccurate concentration measurements. For example, the sand discharge rate is controlled below 100 ml per minute, and underflow samples are collected for concentration determination, thereby quantifying the self-weight compression efficiency and determining the critical mud layer height. Differentiated initial mud layer construction realizes a parameterized research framework, unified dehydration time isolates time-related interference variables, and steady-state low-speed sampling ensures the accuracy of data capture, thereby deriving the effective range and critical height of compression, guiding the setting of the optimal mud layer height for industrial equipment, and avoiding insufficient underflow concentration or wasted compression efficiency caused by blindly setting the height.

[0035] In some implementations, refer to Figure 5 In S3011, establishing differentiated initial mud layer height includes: S30111. Adjust the height of the barrier net inside the chamber to block tailings flocs and monitor the liquid level in the overflow outlet. This step is used to achieve the requirement of establishing a differentiated initial mud layer height. Specifically, in operation, by adjusting the height of the barrier net upwards or downwards, the movement of tailings flocs can be physically blocked to form the required mud layer. At the same time, the liquid level in the overflow outlet is monitored in real time, providing immediate feedback to fine-tune the mud layer position. On the one hand, this solves the problem of experimental result fluctuations that may occur due to insufficient control of mud layer height in traditional experimental methods. For example, without a barrier net and liquid level monitoring, relying solely on manually setting or estimating the mud layer height can lead to the failure of the height gradient setting, affecting the accuracy of the sand discharge rate and concentration time. On the other hand, when combined with the unified dewatering step with a fixed concentration time, the new step allows for a denser height gradient in the low-pressure zone, thereby more meticulously evaluating the impact of mud layer height on pore water pressure changes. This scheme offers the following advantages: It ensures precise height setting through the adjustability of the barrier net and liquid level monitoring, thereby enhancing the controllability and repeatability of the experiment; the adjustability of the barrier net allows for reconfiguration without interrupting the experiment, improving testing efficiency; and the combination of the barrier net and liquid level monitoring enhances data reliability, providing a data foundation for in-depth analysis of the effect of mud layer height on steady-state sand release. In contrast, without this step, experiments can only be conducted based on static or estimated heights, limiting the flexibility and accuracy of gradient experiments. The new mechanism enables dynamic mud layer height simulation and real-time feedback control, supporting more scientific optimization scheme design.

[0036] In some implementations, refer to Figure 6In S3011, establishing differentiated initial mud layer height includes: S30112, dividing the mud layer height into low-pressure and high-pressure zones, and in the low-pressure zone, setting a gradient for the experimental height. The purpose of this scheme is to address the problem that traditional single-gradient settings cannot effectively capture the sensitive changes in mud layer height to concentration behavior in the low-pressure zone. Specifically, in the low-pressure zone, where the mud layer height is relatively low, the compression effect of the floc structure is weak, and parameters such as pore water pressure changes and settling rates are more sensitive to height changes, requiring higher resolution test data. In the high-pressure zone, where the mud layer height is relatively high, the compression effect tends to be stable, and parameter changes tend to be gradual. A sparse gradient setting is sufficient to meet the requirements. Therefore, this step densifies the low-pressure zone by setting multiple height gradients with smaller intervals, so that detailed curves of mud layer concentration kinetics in the low-pressure zone can be accurately obtained during the subsequent fixed concentration time uniform dewatering and steady-state low-speed sand release sampling process. This solves the problem of missing key data points due to insufficient gradient settings when the pressure zone is not distinguished. For example, the low-pressure zone is set from 500 mm to 700 mm from the tailings slurry surface height, with five control groups set at 50 mm intervals. Conversely, the high-pressure zone is set from 700 mm to 900 mm from the tailings slurry surface height, with two control groups set at 100 mm intervals. The 700 mm position overlaps with the low-pressure zone, so there are a total of 7 experimental control groups.

[0037] Furthermore, when working in conjunction with the height adjustment of the barrier net, a refined sequence of mud layer heights with different pressure characteristics can be efficiently constructed within the same experimental batch. This allows for precise coverage of sensitive variation areas in the low-pressure zone, avoiding measurement blind spots for key concentration parameters and improving data validity. On the other hand, targeted gradient allocation yields a more comprehensive concentration behavior map without changing the total number of experiments, avoiding resource waste caused by redundant and intensive testing in the high-pressure zone and improving experimental efficiency. Moreover, the obtained gradient data more accurately reflects the differences in concentration characteristics of different height layers in the actual thickener, providing more detailed data to support its theoretical analysis and optimize operating parameters. In contrast, without this partitioning and densification strategy, even with multiple mud layer heights, unreasonable gradient distribution may lead to insufficient description of concentration behavior in the key low-pressure region, making it difficult to identify the optimal concentration pressure threshold. The added step, under the same experimental scale, provides additional precise analysis of the concentration characteristics in the pressure-sensitive zone, supporting a more scientific design of thickening process parameters.

[0038] In some implementations, refer to Figure 7In S103, flocculation and sedimentation experiments are conducted, including concentration time, mud layer height, and sand discharge rate experiments. Specifically, in S401, a sand discharge rate experiment is conducted, which includes: S4011, establishing a steady-state concentration baseline to create consistent initial experimental conditions; S4012, initiating gradient sand discharge rate control to ensure that the underflow concentration collected during the steady-state sand discharge stage accurately reflects the concentration performance at that rate. For example, in the sand discharge rate control, an observation group is set up every 100 ml / min, for a total of 5 groups. When transitioning from 100 ml / min to 200 ml / min, the sand discharge rate is first adjusted to 150 ml / min, paused for one minute, and then adjusted to 200 ml / min; S4013, steady-state sand discharge is conducted and monitored in real time. Specifically, the core of this step lies in activating the gradient sand discharge mode within the gradient sand discharge rate control. On one hand, by controlling the sand discharge rate in a gradient segment, it avoids the instantaneous disturbance of the mud layer caused by a one-time rate change, thus ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the data. On the other hand, during the gradient change process, it can additionally capture the nonlinear abrupt change points of thickening behavior with the sand discharge rate, providing key thresholds for optimizing the operating range of industrial equipment and improving the accuracy of the experiment. Experimental methods that do not control the gradient change process are prone to mud layer height fluctuations or thickening state collapses due to abrupt rate adjustments during operation. In this case, the measured concentration is actually mixed data in an unbalanced state. The newly added structured gradient control can additionally realize the dynamic mapping relationship between the sand discharge rate and the steady state of thickening, guiding the actual thickener to accurately set the safe zone of the sand discharge rate.

[0039] In some implementations, refer to Figure 8 In S4012, the gradient sand discharge rate control is initiated, including: S40121, real-time monitoring and adjustment of the sand discharge rate is achieved through a bottom flow meter installed at the bottom of the silo in conjunction with a manual gate valve. Specifically, the bottom flow meter continuously monitors the instantaneous value of the actual sand discharge flow rate, while the manual gate valve is dynamically fine-tuned by the operator based on this real-time monitoring data. The two work together to achieve measurement and control of the sand discharge rate.

[0040] In some implementations, refer to Figure 9In step S4012, the gradient sand discharge rate control is initiated, which includes: S40122, subjecting the sand discharge rate to a step-wise disturbance, and restoring the sand discharge rate to its initial value in the final stage of the disturbance while monitoring the concentration recovery curve. Specifically, the step-wise disturbance step artificially simulates rate fluctuation scenarios that may occur in actual industrial operation by actively introducing a step-wise change in the sand discharge rate. The recovery process of the thickening system is triggered by precisely restoring the rate to its initial value. Furthermore, by monitoring the underflow concentration recovery curve in real time, the system's anti-interference capability and elastic recovery ability are quantified, revealing the collapse risk threshold of the thickener under dynamic operating conditions and improving the engineering adaptability of this experimental method. On the other hand, the concentration recovery time and recovery stability indicators are additionally obtained, providing key parameters for equipment anti-disturbance settings, thereby quantifying the system's anti-interference capability indicators. In addition, by observing the shape of the recovery curve, the shear resistance of the floc structure or the pore water redistribution efficiency can be obtained.

[0041] In some implementations, refer to Figure 10 This application also provides a rackless paste storage thickener testing system, comprising: The paste storage thickener chamber 10 is used for flocculation and sedimentation experiments of tailings slurry. Tailings slurry mixing tank 20 is used to prepare uniform experimental tailings slurry; The flocculant dosing system 30 is used to add flocculant to the tailings slurry; The barrier net 40 is detachably connected to the inside of the paste storage thickener chamber 10 and is used to control the mud layer height. The underflow flow meter 50 is connected to the slurry outlet of the paste storage thickener 10 and is used to control and monitor the sand discharge rate.

[0042] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of this application, are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A test method for a rackless paste storage thickener, characterized in that, include: Preparation of tailings slurry; Preparation of flocculants; Flocculation and sedimentation experiments were conducted, including experiments on concentration time, mud layer height, and sand discharge rate. Steady-state sand release; The aforementioned flocculation and sedimentation experiment, which includes sequentially conducting a concentration time experiment, a mud layer height experiment, and a sand discharge rate experiment, includes: Conduct mud layer height experiments; The aforementioned mud layer height experiment includes: Establish differentiated initial mud layer heights; Fixed concentration time and uniform dehydration; Steady-state low-speed sand discharge sampling; This includes establishing differentiated initial mud layer heights, which includes: Adjust the height of the barrier net inside the tank to block tailings flocs and monitor the liquid level in the overflow outlet; The mud layer height is divided into a low-pressure zone and a high-pressure zone. In the low-pressure zone, the height gradient of the densification experiment is set.

2. The test method for a rakeless paste storage thickener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flocculation and sedimentation experiment, which includes sequentially conducting experiments on concentration time, mud layer height, and sand discharge rate, includes: Conduct concentration time experiments; The concentration time experiment included: Initiate feeding and establish the mud layer; Interrupt feeding and start timing; Maintain static concentration; Steady-state sand release and concentration measurement.

3. The test method for a rake-free paste storage thickener according to claim 2, characterized in that, The aforementioned process of maintaining static concentration also includes: A pressure sensor is installed in the device to monitor pore water pressure, and the dynamic timing is terminated based on the rate of decrease in pore water pressure.

4. The test method for a rake-free paste storage thickener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flocculation and sedimentation experiment, which includes sequentially conducting experiments on concentration time, mud layer height, and sand discharge rate, includes: Conduct a sand discharge rate experiment; The sand discharge rate experiment included: Establish a foundation for steady-state concentration; Initiate gradient sand discharge rate control; Steady-state sand release and real-time monitoring.

5. The test method for a rake-free paste storage thickener according to claim 4, characterized in that, The aforementioned initiation gradient sand discharge rate control includes: The sand discharge rate is monitored and adjusted in real time by using a bottom flow meter installed at the bottom of the silo in conjunction with a manual gate valve.

6. The test method for a rakeless paste storage thickener according to claim 5, characterized in that, The starting gradient sand discharge rate control includes: The sand discharge rate was subjected to stepwise perturbation, and the sand discharge rate was restored to the initial rate in the final stage of perturbation, and the concentration recovery curve was monitored.

7. A rackless paste storage thickener testing system, used in the testing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: The paste storage thickener chamber (10) is used for flocculation and sedimentation experiments of tailings slurry; Tailings slurry mixing tank (20) is used to prepare uniform experimental tailings slurry; A flocculant dosing system (30) is used to add chemicals to tailings slurry; A barrier net (40) is detachably connected to the interior of the paste storage thickener chamber (10) to control the height of the mud layer; The underflow meter (50) is connected to the slurry outlet of the paste storage thickener (10) and is used to control and monitor the sand discharge rate.

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