Anterior cervical spine minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilization system and method of use

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of surgical auxiliary tool, in particular to a kind of anterior cervical approach minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilizing system and its application method;System includes: for the position definition of anterior cervical approach endoscope universal endoscope fixing arm, ensure the stability of anterior cervical approach endoscope in the process of operation;With the universal endoscope fixing arm connection universal tissue distraction device, universal tissue distraction device is used to distract soft tissue;Universal vertebral body distraction device is used to distract bone tissue;With the universal tissue distraction device connection universal pneumatic mechanical arm, universal pneumatic mechanical arm is used to keep the position of universal tissue distraction device by the way of pneumatic control.The present application is connected by modularization clamping, adopts specific mechanism and kit, solves handheld jitter problem, realizes soft tissue and bone tissue synchronous reverse distraction, and forms closed force transmission path to keep position, without additional personnel support.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surgical aids technology, specifically to a stabilization system for anterior cervical fusion surgery and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Anterior cervical minimally invasive surgery, as an important treatment method in the field of modern spinal surgery, has been widely used in the treatment of cervical spine diseases due to its significant advantages such as minimal trauma, rapid recovery, and less damage to surrounding tissues. However, with the continuous deepening of clinical practice, existing anterior cervical minimally invasive surgical procedures have gradually revealed many problems.

[0003] Currently, in anterior cervical minimally invasive surgery, the dissection of soft and bone tissues in anatomical areas largely relies on manual manipulation by multiple operators. During surgery, a dedicated person must use dissection instruments to separate and fix the tissues. Multiple operators working together further complicate the already limited surgical space in the neck, increasing the difficulty and risk of the procedure. Manual manipulation is inherently unpredictable; the operator's skill, habits, and physical strength all affect the dissection effect. Prolonged surgery can lead to fatigue, resulting in unstable dissection force, difficulty in precisely controlling the position of soft and bone tissues, affecting surgical accuracy, and potentially damaging surrounding blood vessels and nerves. Faced with complex anatomical structures and unexpected situations, maintaining a stable dissection state is difficult with manual manipulation, easily leading to changes in force or instrument displacement, affecting the stability and continuity of the surgery. Furthermore, the limitations of manual manipulation necessitate frequent instrument adjustments, prolonging surgical time. Poor communication and coordination among multiple operators also reduce efficiency, increasing surgical risks and patient suffering.

[0004] Endoscopes are crucial tools for observing surgical sites, but currently, during surgery, operators must hold and maintain their stability for extended periods, demanding extremely high skill. On one hand, prolonged holding requires hand stability and endurance, as well as adjusting the angle and position according to the progress of the surgery. This presents a significant challenge for inexperienced surgeons, increasing the risk of errors that could affect the procedure. On the other hand, the high difficulty of operation can easily lead to hand fatigue and tremors, causing blurred or distorted vision, making accurate judgments difficult and increasing the risk of tissue damage.

[0005] These problems not only affect the efficiency and quality of surgery, but also increase the surgical risks for patients, and urgently need to be addressed through technological improvements. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a stabilization system for anterior cervical fusion surgery and its application method in order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: A stabilization system for minimally invasive anterior cervical fusion surgery includes: a universal endoscopic fixation arm, a universal tissue retractor, a universal vertebral body retractor, an anterior cervical endoscope, and a universal pneumatic robotic arm. The universal endoscope fixation arm is used to limit the position of the anterior cervical endoscope and ensure its stability during surgery. The universal tissue retractor is connected to the universal endoscope fixation arm. The universal tissue retractor is used to retract soft tissue. The universal vertebral body spreader is used to spread bone tissue; The omnidirectional pneumatic robotic arm is connected to the omnidirectional tissue retractor. The omnidirectional pneumatic robotic arm is used to maintain the position of the omnidirectional tissue retractor through pneumatic control.

[0008] Furthermore, the universal endoscope fixation arm includes: a lever arm; Two ball joints are connected to the lever arm, and the angle of each ball joint can be adjusted by the lever arm adjustment knob. The first ball head sleeve is equipped with an endoscope fixing ball head screw. One end of the ball head sleeve base is connected to the endoscope fixing ball head screw, and the other end is connected to the endoscope limiting seat. The anterior cervical endoscope is connected to the endoscope limiting seat. The second ball head sleeve is equipped with a fixing ball head screw, and one end of the snap-fit ​​component is connected to the fixing ball head screw, while the other end is connected to the snap-fit ​​ring set on the universal tissue expander.

[0009] Furthermore, one end of the ball head sleeve is fitted onto the outer wall of the lever arm, and one end of the lever arm is rotatably connected to a lever arm adjustment knob. The connection angle between the two ball head sleeves and the lever arm is fixed by rotating the lever arm adjustment knob. The first ball head sleeve has at least one hollow interior, and the endoscope fixing ball head screw is set on the inner wall of the first ball head sleeve; one end of the ball sleeve base is provided with a thread that matches the endoscope fixing ball head screw, and the other end is provided with a fixing through hole; the fixing through hole is provided with an endoscope fixing screw, and one end of the anterior cervical endoscope passes through the fixing through hole and is connected to the endoscope fixing screw. The second ball head sleeve has at least one hollow interior, and the fixing ball head screw is fixed to the inner wall of the first ball head sleeve; one end of the snap-fit ​​component is provided with a thread that matches the fixing ball head screw, and the other end is snapped into the inside of the snap-fit ​​ring; an assembly fixing screw is provided through the outer wall of the snap-fit ​​ring.

[0010] Furthermore, the universal joint expander includes: a first rack; Two expander sliders are slidably connected to the first rack, and each expander slider is connected to a baffle through a baffle lever arm; the two baffles provide support force in opposite directions to expand the soft tissue; One end of the first rack is connected to the universal pneumatic robotic arm via a robotic arm adapter. The robotic arm adapter is equipped with a snap-fit ​​ring, which is used to snap into the snap-fit ​​component on the universal endoscope fixing arm.

[0011] Furthermore, the two expander sliders are connected to the first gear knob assembly in opposite directions; the position of the expander sliders on the first rack is adjusted by the first gear knob assembly. The expander slider is connected to the longitudinal axis joint via the Z-axis knob, and the end of the longitudinal axis joint opposite to the expander slider is rotatably connected to the baffle lever arm.

[0012] Furthermore, the first gear knob assembly is also provided with a first release button, which is used to release the position fixation between the first gear knob assembly and the first rack.

[0013] Furthermore, the universal vertebral body expander includes: a second rack; Two gear fixing blocks are slidably connected to the second rack, and each gear fixing block is connected to the bone screw through the bone screw shaft joint; the two bone screws provide support force in opposite directions to open up the bone tissue.

[0014] Furthermore, the two gear fixing blocks are connected to the second gear knob assembly in opposite directions; the position of the gear fixing blocks on the second rack is adjusted by the second gear knob assembly. The gear fixing block is rotatably connected to the bone nail shaft joint. A bone nail guide rod is provided at the end of the bone nail shaft joint that is opposite to the gear fixing block. The bone nail is placed inside the bone nail guide rod and extends out of the bottom of the bone nail guide rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the second gear knob assembly is also provided with a second release button; the second release button is used to release the position fixation between the second gear knob assembly and the second rack; The top of the bone screw guide rod is equipped with a fixed hand-tightening nut; the top of the bone screw is threadedly connected to the fixed hand-tightening nut, and the length of the bone screw bottom extending out of the bone screw guide rod can be adjusted by rotating the hand-tightening nut.

[0016] A method for applying a stabilization system for anterior cervical fusion surgery, comprising using any of the above-described stabilization systems for anterior cervical fusion surgery, the method including: Assemble a stabilization system for minimally invasive anterior cervical fusion surgery; The mechanical arm adapter is locked by a universal pneumatic mechanical arm to keep the spatial position of the first rack fixed. Adjust the expander slider and longitudinal axis joint so that the two baffles open the soft tissue from opposite directions; Adjust the gear fixing block, bone screw shaft joint, and fixing hand-tightening nut to make the two bone screws open the bone tissue from opposite directions; The anterior cervical endoscope is fixed in place using endoscope fixing screws to ensure accurate and stable image acquisition.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention innovatively redesigns and upgrades existing anterior cervical surgery retraction instruments. By cleverly combining a universal tissue retraction instrument and a universal vertebral body retraction instrument, and carefully adding a robotic arm fixation slot and a universal endoscopic fixation arm fixation slot to the universal tissue retraction instrument, efficient connection between the robotic arm and the universal endoscopic fixation arm is achieved. This invention significantly reduces the manual operation steps during surgery and significantly improves the stability and ease of use of the instruments. During surgery, medical staff no longer need to manually stabilize the retraction instruments for extended periods, effectively reducing the physical burden on the surgeon and providing a strong guarantee for the stable and efficient conduct of the surgery.

[0018] This invention improves surgical safety by reducing the number of personnel involved in the procedure and lowering the risk of surgical errors caused by human factors. On the other hand, it avoids excessive personnel occupying the surgeon's operating space for the patient's wound, thereby reducing the possibility of the patient suffering accidental injury and comprehensively improving surgical safety.

[0019] This invention represents a significant breakthrough in the use of endoscopes: by enhancing the stability and omnidirectional adjustment of the endoscope, it greatly improves the stability of the surgeon's grip during surgical procedures. Simultaneously, the endoscope's multi-angle flexible adjustment not only provides the surgeon with a wider and more convenient field of view but also further enhances the convenience and safety of the surgery, creating favorable conditions for precise and efficient surgical procedures. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a minimally invasive anterior cervical fusion surgery stabilization system according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the universal endoscope fixing arm structure according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the universal tissue expander structure according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the universal cone expander structure according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the application method of the stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] The components include: 1. Universal endoscope fixing arm; 11. Lever arm; 12. Lever arm adjusting knob; 13. Ball head sleeve; 14. Endoscope fixing ball head screw; 15. Endoscope limiting seat; 16. Endoscope fixing screw; 17. Spherical sleeve base; 18. Fixing ball head screw; 19. Clip-on component; 2. Universal tissue retractor; 21. First rack; 22. First gear knob assembly; 23. Retractor slider; 24. Longitudinal axis joint; 25. Baffle lever arm. 26. Baffle plate; 27. Z-axis knob; 28. First release button; 29. ​​Robotic arm adapter; 210. Assembly fixing screw; 211. Snap-fit ​​ring; 3. Universal vertebral body expander; 31. Bone screw guide rod; 32. Second rack; 33. Second gear knob kit; 34. Gear fixing block; 35. Second release button; 36. Bone screw shaft joint; 37. Bone screw; 38. Fixing hand-tightening nut; 4. Anterior cervical endoscope; 5. Universal pneumatic robotic arm. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The invention will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely intended to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the invention, and are not intended to imply any limitation on the scope of the invention.

[0023] As used herein, the term "comprising" and its variations are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "at least partially based on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment".

[0024] Example 1

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a stabilization system for anterior cervical fusion surgery according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a stabilization system for anterior cervical fusion surgery includes: a universal endoscope fixation arm 1, a universal tissue retractor 2, a universal vertebral body retractor 3, an anterior cervical endoscope 4, and a universal pneumatic robotic arm 5. The universal endoscope fixing arm 1 is used to limit the position of the anterior cervical endoscope 4 and ensure the stability of the anterior cervical endoscope 4 during the operation. The universal tissue retractor 2 is connected to the universal endoscope fixing arm 1. The universal tissue retractor 2 is used to retract soft tissue. Universal vertebral body spreader 3 is used to spread bone tissue; The universal pneumatic robotic arm 5 is connected to the universal tissue stretcher 2. The universal pneumatic robotic arm 5 is used to maintain the position of the universal tissue stretcher 2 through pneumatic control.

[0026] This embodiment proposes a stabilization system for anterior cervical fusion surgery, comprising five parts: a universal endoscopic fixation arm 1, a universal tissue retractor 2, a universal vertebral retractor 3, an anterior cervical endoscope 4, and a universal pneumatic robotic arm 5. These parts are connected stably via modular snap-fit ​​mechanisms. The universal endoscopic fixation arm 1 employs a double-ball-head knob locking mechanism, allowing for rigid locking at any angle during surgery, thus eliminating hand-held tremors. Both the universal tissue retractor 2 and the universal vertebral retractor 3 utilize a rack-slider-gear knob assembly to achieve synchronous, reverse-direction retraction of soft and bone tissues. The universal pneumatic robotic arm 5, via an adapter, directly acts on the rack tail of the universal tissue retractor 2, forming a closed force transmission path. It not only bears the retraction reaction force but also maintains its position through low-pressure pneumatic servo operation, eliminating the need for additional personnel support.

[0027] This invention uses modular snap-fit ​​to form a stable connection, employs a specific mechanism and kit to solve the problem of hand-held shaking, and achieves synchronous reverse expansion of soft tissue and bone tissue, forming a closed force transmission path to maintain position, without the need for additional personnel support.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the universal endoscope fixation arm structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the universal endoscope fixing arm 1 includes: a lever arm 11; Two ball joint sleeves 13 are connected to the lever arm 11, and the angle of each ball joint sleeve 13 can be adjusted by the lever arm adjustment knob 12. The first ball head sleeve 13 is provided with an endoscope fixing ball head screw 14. One end of the ball sleeve base 17 is connected to the endoscope fixing ball head screw 14, and the other end is connected to the endoscope limiting seat 15. The anterior cervical endoscope 4 is connected to the endoscope limiting seat 15. The second ball head sleeve 13 is provided with a fixing ball head screw 18, and the snap-fit ​​part 19 is connected to the fixing ball head screw 18 at one end and to the snap-fit ​​ring 211 provided on the universal tissue expander 2 at the other end.

[0029] Preferably, one end of the ball head sleeve 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the lever arm 11, and one end of the lever arm 11 is rotatably connected to the lever arm adjustment knob 12. The connection angle between the two ball head sleeves 13 and the lever arm 11 is fixed by rotating the lever arm adjustment knob 12. At least one end of the first ball head sleeve 13 is hollow inside, and the endoscope fixing ball head screw 14 is set in the inner wall of the first ball head sleeve 13; one end of the spherical sleeve base 17 is provided with a thread that matches the endoscope fixing ball head screw 14, and the other end is provided with a fixing through hole; an endoscope fixing screw 16 is provided on the fixing through hole, and one end of the anterior cervical endoscope 4 passes through the fixing through hole and is connected to the endoscope fixing screw 16; The second ball head sleeve 13 has at least one hollow interior, and the fixing ball head screw 18 is fixed to the inner wall of the first ball head sleeve 13; one end of the snap-fit ​​part 19 is provided with a thread that matches the fixing ball head screw 18, and the other end is snapped into the inside of the snap-fit ​​ring 211; an assembly fixing screw 210 is provided through the outer wall of the snap-fit ​​ring 211.

[0030] In this embodiment, the universal endoscope fixing arm 1 uses the lever arm 11 as a rigid backbone. Two ball head sleeves 13 are sleeved on the lever arm 11 and are locked synchronously by the lever arm adjustment knob 12, so as to realize the instantaneous rigid positioning of the ball head sleeves 13 at any pitch / rotation angle. The first ball head sleeve 13 is threadedly coupled to the spherical sleeve base 17 through the endoscope fixing ball head screw 14. The fixing through hole of the spherical sleeve base 17 is then clamped by the endoscope fixing screw 16, forming a three-level coaxial locking of "ball head-thread-clamp", which retains universal adjustment and eliminates microscopic vibration. The second ball head sleeve 13 has a built-in fixing ball head screw 18, which is inserted into the snap ring 211 of the universal tissue retractor 2 through the snap-fit ​​piece 19, and is radially tightened by the assembly fixing screw 210, so that the endoscopic load is directly transferred to the rigid frame of the retractor, avoiding drift caused by the "cantilever-soft connection"; both ball head sleeves 13 are designed to be hollow on one side to ensure that the screw fits the ball head seat and prevents loosening of the contact, thus realizing the integration of "angle adjustment-load transfer-quick release locking" in the same component, meeting the dual requirements of stable vision and space occupation of the anterior cervical minimally invasive channel.

[0031] The universal endoscope fixation arm of this invention achieves rigid positioning of the ball head at any angle, three-level coaxial locking of the endoscope, and direct load transfer to the retractor through a lever arm, ball head sleeve, adjustment knob, and various connecting parts, thus avoiding drift and meeting the dual requirements of stable field of vision and space occupation in anterior cervical minimally invasive surgery.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a universal tissue expander structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the universal tissue expander 2 includes: a first rack 21; Two expander sliders 23 are slidably connected to the first rack 21. Each expander slider 23 is connected to a baffle 26 via a baffle arm 25. The two baffles 26 provide support forces in opposite directions to expand the soft tissue. One end of the first rack 21 is connected to the universal pneumatic robotic arm 5 via the robotic arm adapter 29. The robotic arm adapter 29 is provided with a snap ring 211, which is used to snap with the snap member 19 provided on the universal endoscope fixing arm 1.

[0033] Preferably, the two expander sliders 23 are connected to the first gear knob assembly 22 in opposite directions; the position of the expander sliders 23 on the first rack 21 is adjusted by the first gear knob assembly 22. The expander slider 23 is connected to the longitudinal axis joint 24 via the Z-axis knob 27. The end of the longitudinal axis joint 24 opposite to the expander slider 23 is rotatably connected to the baffle lever arm 25.

[0034] Preferably, the first gear knob assembly 22 is further provided with a first release button 28, which is used to release the position fixation between the first gear knob assembly 22 and the first rack 21.

[0035] In this embodiment, the universal tissue expander 2 uses the first rack 21 as a rigid guide rail. The two expander sliders 23 mesh with the first gear knob assembly 22 in opposite directions. Rotating the assembly allows for synchronous reverse sliding, achieving efficient and symmetrical expansion of the soft tissue by the baffle 26. The sliders 23 are connected by a three-stage hinge system: Z-axis knob 27, longitudinal axis joint 24, and baffle lever arm 25. This system converts linear feed into arbitrary angle attachment of the baffle 26, ensuring uniform force on the incision wall. The first gear knob assembly... Component 22 has a built-in first release button 28, which can disengage the gear-rack self-locking mechanism with one click and instantly retract the baffle 26 to meet the needs of emergency disarmament; the tail end of the first rack 21 is fixedly connected to the universal pneumatic robotic arm 5 through the robotic arm adapter 29. The snap ring 211 on the robotic arm adapter 29 simultaneously holds the snap member 19 of the universal endoscope fixing arm 1, so that the opening reaction force is directly transmitted in a closed loop through the first rack 21 → robotic arm adapter 29 → universal pneumatic robotic arm 5 to achieve a stable connection.

[0036] The universal vertebral body expander of the present invention achieves efficient and symmetrical expansion of soft tissue and attachment of the baffle at any angle through the first rack, gear knob kit, etc. It has a built-in release button to meet the needs of emergency disarming, and the expansion reaction force is transmitted in a closed loop to achieve stable connection.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the universal cone-shaped expander structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the universal vertebral expander 3 includes: a second rack 32; Two gear fixing blocks 34 are slidably connected to the second rack 32. Each gear fixing block 34 is connected to the bone screw 37 through the bone screw shaft joint 36. The two bone screws 37 provide support forces in opposite directions to open up the bone tissue.

[0038] Preferably, the two gear fixing blocks 34 are connected to the second gear knob assembly 33 in a positive and negative manner, respectively; the position of the gear fixing blocks 34 on the second rack 32 is adjusted by the second gear knob assembly 33. The gear fixing block 34 is rotatably connected to the bone nail shaft joint 36. The bone nail shaft joint 36 is provided with a bone nail guide rod 31 at the end opposite to the gear fixing block 34. The bone nail 37 is located inside the bone nail guide rod 31 and extends out of the bone nail guide rod 31 at the bottom.

[0039] Preferably, the second gear knob assembly 33 is further provided with a second release button 35; the second release button 35 is used to release the position fixation between the second gear knob assembly 33 and the second rack 32; The top of the bone screw guide rod 31 is provided with a fixing hand-tightening nut 38; the top of the bone screw 37 is threadedly connected to the fixing hand-tightening nut 38, and the length of the bottom of the bone screw 37 extending out of the bone screw guide rod 31 can be adjusted by rotating the hand-tightening nut 38.

[0040] In this embodiment, the universal vertebral body expander 3 uses the second rack 32 as its frame, and two gear fixing blocks 34 mesh with the second gear knob assembly 33 in opposite directions. When rotated, they slide in opposite directions simultaneously, driving the bone screw 37 to apply a symmetrical expansion force to the vertebral body. The gear fixing blocks 34 are hinged to the bone screw guide rod 31 via the bone screw shaft joint 36, so that the bone screw 37 can still be finely adjusted with the anatomical surface after insertion, avoiding rigid shearing. The bone screw 37 is placed in the bone screw guide rod 31, and its extension length is precisely adjusted and self-locked by the fixed hand-tightening nut 38 to ensure the stability of the screw-bone interface. The second release button 35 disengages the second gear knob assembly 33 from the second rack 32 with one click, allowing for quick screw removal and disassembly. The entire force chain directly closes the expansion reaction force in the second rack 32, without relying on an external support, realizing the integration of unidirectional adjustment, bidirectional locking, and emergency release of bone tissue expansion.

[0041] The universal vertebral body expander of the present invention uses a second rack as a frame and achieves symmetrical expansion of bone screws through gear transmission. The angle of the bone screws is adjustable and the length can be precisely controlled. With the release button, the screws can be quickly withdrawn, achieving stable, flexible and safe operation of bone tissue expansion.

[0042] Example 2 like Figure 1-4 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a stabilization system for anterior cervical fusion surgery comprises a universal endoscope fixation arm 1, a universal tissue retractor 2, a universal vertebral retractor 3, an anterior cervical endoscope 4, and a universal pneumatic robotic arm 5. This system is primarily used to fix and retract bone and soft tissues during surgery, effectively protect the soft tissues of the neck, and stabilize the anterior cervical endoscope 4 used in the surgery. In terms of overall connection, the universal endoscope fixation arm 1 is connected to the robotic arm adapter 29 on the universal tissue retractor 2 via a fixing ball head screw 18, enabling their combined use. The universal tissue retractor 2 is provided with a locking position for connecting the universal pneumatic robotic arm 5; their combined use ensures instrument stability during surgery, improves surgical safety and reliability, facilitates efficient surgery, and reduces patient risk. Specifically: The universal endoscope fixing arm 1 includes two lever arms 11 and two ball joints 13. During installation, an endoscope fixing ball joint screw 14 is fitted into one ball joint 13, and a fixing ball joint screw 18 is fitted into the other ball joint 13. The threads of the endoscope fixing ball joint screw 14 are screwed into the ball joint base 17, and then the endoscope limiting seat 15 is rotated into the ball joint base 17. Next, the anterior cervical endoscope 4 is inserted into the hole of the endoscope limiting seat 15, and finally, the endoscope fixing screw 16 is screwed in to fix the anterior cervical endoscope 4.

[0043] The assembly process of the universal tissue retractor 2 is as follows: First, assemble the two retractor sliders 23 with the first gear knob assembly 22 in opposite directions, and then slide them into the first rack 21. Attach the robotic arm adapter 29 to one end of the first rack 21. Next, assemble the two longitudinal axis joints 24, the two baffle arms 25, and the two baffles 26 together, and install them onto the retractor sliders 23 respectively. Tighten the Z-axis knob 27 to complete the fixation. Finally, assemble the first release button 28 onto the retractor slider 23 and fix it in place. This completes the assembly of the universal tissue retractor 2.

[0044] The assembly steps of the universal vertebral body expander 3 are as follows: Assemble two rack fixing blocks 34, one facing forward and one facing backward, on the second rack 32. Insert the second gear knob assembly 33 and the second release button 35 into the holes of the rack fixing blocks 34. Then, assemble the bone screw shaft joints 36 at the front ends of the two rack fixing blocks 34 respectively, and fix them using bone screw lever arm pivot pins. Assemble the bone screw guide rod 31 on the bone screw shaft joint 36. Finally, insert the bone screw 37 into the bone screw guide rod 31 and secure it with the fixing hand-tightening nut 38 to complete the assembly of the universal vertebral body expander 3.

[0045] Screw the fixed ball head screw 18 of the assembled universal endoscope fixation arm 1 into the robotic arm adapter 29 of the universal tissue retractor 2, and then screw in the assembly fixation screw 210. This completes the assembly of the entire independent anterior cervical surgery system.

[0046] The anterior cervical fusion surgery stabilization system of this invention consists of a universal endoscope fixation arm, a universal tissue retractor, a universal vertebral body retractor, an anterior cervical endoscope, and a universal pneumatic robotic arm. Through the ingenious connection of the universal endoscope fixation arm, the universal tissue retractor, and the universal pneumatic robotic arm, it achieves fixation and retraction of bone and soft tissues during surgery, as well as protection of the neck soft tissues, and also firmly fixes the anterior cervical endoscope. After the components are assembled according to specific steps, it ensures the stability of the surgical instruments, improves the safety and reliability of the surgery, facilitates efficient surgery, and reduces patient risks.

[0047] Example 3 Figure 5This is a flowchart illustrating the application method of a stabilization system for anterior cervical fusion surgery according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for applying an anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilization system, using any one of the anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery stabilization systems of the present invention, includes the following steps: Step S102: Assemble the stabilization system for the anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery; Step S104: Lock the mechanical arm adapter 29 by using the universal pneumatic mechanical arm 5 to keep the spatial position of the first rack 21 fixed. Step S106: Adjust the expander slider 23 and longitudinal axis joint 24 so that the two baffles 26 open the soft tissue from opposite directions. Step S108: Adjust the gear fixing block 34, bone nail shaft joint 36 and fixing hand-tightening nut 38 so that the two bone nails 37 open the bone tissue from opposite directions; Step S110: Fix the position of the anterior cervical endoscope 4 with the endoscope fixing screw 16 to ensure accurate and stable image acquisition.

[0048] In this embodiment, the application method of a stabilization system for anterior cervical fusion surgery, using any one of the stabilization systems of the present invention, specifically includes: first, completing system assembly, so that the universal endoscope fixation arm 1, universal tissue retractor 2, universal vertebral body retractor 3, anterior cervical endoscope 4, and universal pneumatic robotic arm 5 are modularly rigidly connected to the snap-fit ​​member 19 through snap-fit ​​ring 211; then, using the universal pneumatic robotic arm 5 to lock the robotic arm adapter 29, fixing the spatial position of the first rack 21 to form a stable reaction base; subsequently, synchronously adjusting the retractor slider 23 and the first gear knob assembly 22. The longitudinal axis joint 24 drives the two baffles 26 to spread the soft tissue in opposite directions, and the first release button 28 can be used to immediately remove the baffles to prevent over-spreading; then the bone screw 37 is screwed into the vertebral body through the bone screw guide rod 31, and bidirectional equidistant spreading is achieved through the second gear knob kit 33, gear fixing block 34 and bone screw axis joint 36, and the second release button 35 and fixing hand-tightening nut 38 are used to complete the fine adjustment of the screw depth and quick unlocking; finally, loosen the lever adjustment knob 12 to pre-adjust the viewing angle, tighten the endoscope fixing screw 16 to lock the anterior cervical endoscope 4 into the endoscope limiting seat 15, and achieve "angle-position" double locking to ensure stable and clear images.

[0049] This invention achieves an integrated effect of stable vision, precise operation, and emergency safety control in anterior cervical minimally invasive surgery through modular assembly, robotic arm locking, precise adjustment of soft and hard tissue spreading components, and dual locking of the endoscope.

[0050] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the method described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the aforementioned system embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

[0052] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the invention and embodiments of the present invention does not absolutely imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stabilization system for minimally invasive anterior cervical fusion surgery, characterized in that, include: Universal endoscope fixation arm (1), universal tissue retractor (2), universal vertebral body retractor (3), anterior cervical endoscope (4), and universal pneumatic robotic arm (5). The universal endoscope fixing arm (1) includes a lever arm (11); two ball head sleeves (13) are connected to the lever arm (11), and the angle of each ball head sleeve (13) is adjusted by the lever arm adjusting knob (12); an endoscope fixing ball head screw (14) is provided in the first ball head sleeve (13), one end of the spherical sleeve base (17) is connected to the endoscope fixing ball head screw (14), and the other end is connected to the endoscope limiting seat (15). The anterior cervical endoscope (4) Connected to the endoscope limiting seat (15); a fixing ball head screw (18) is provided in the second ball head sleeve (13), and one end of the snap-fit ​​part (19) is connected to the fixing ball head screw (18), and the other end is connected to the snap-fit ​​ring (211) provided on the universal tissue expander (2); an assembly fixing screw (210) is provided through the outer wall of the snap-fit ​​ring (211); the double ball head-knob locking mechanism can be rigidly locked after being positioned at any angle during the operation; The universal tissue expander (2) includes a first rack (21); two expander sliders (23) are slidably connected to the first rack (21), and the two expander sliders (23) are connected to the first gear knob assembly (22) in opposite directions; the position of the expander sliders (23) on the first rack (21) is adjusted by the first gear knob assembly (22); each expander is connected to a baffle (26) through a baffle arm (25); the two baffles (26) provide support force in opposite directions to expand the soft tissue; one end of the first rack (21) is connected to the universal pneumatic robotic arm (5) through a robotic arm adapter (29); the robotic arm adapter (29) is provided with the snap ring (211); the expander The slider (23) is connected to the baffle (26) at any angle via a three-stage hinge consisting of a Z-axis knob (27), a longitudinal axis joint (24), and the baffle lever arm (25). The universal vertebral body expander (3) includes a second rack (32). Two gear fixing blocks (34) are slidably connected to the second rack (32). The two gear fixing blocks (34) are connected to the second gear knob assembly (33) in opposite directions. The position of the gear fixing blocks (34) on the second rack (32) is adjusted by the second gear knob assembly (33). Each gear fixing block (34) is connected to the bone screw (37) via a bone screw shaft joint (36). The two bone screws (37) provide support in opposite directions to expand the bone tissue. The universal pneumatic robotic arm (5) is used to maintain the position of the universal tissue expander (2) by means of pneumatic control.

2. The stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the ball head sleeve (13) is sleeved on the outer wall of the lever arm (11), and one end of the lever arm (11) is rotatably connected to the lever arm adjustment knob (12). The connection angle between the two ball head sleeves (13) and the lever arm (11) is fixed by rotating the lever arm adjustment knob (12). The first ball head sleeve (13) has a hollow interior at at least one end, and the endoscope fixing ball head screw (14) is disposed on the inner wall of the first ball head sleeve (13); the ball sleeve base (17) has a thread matching the endoscope fixing ball head screw (14) at one end and a fixing through hole at the other end; the fixing through hole is provided with an endoscope fixing screw (16), and one end of the anterior cervical endoscope (4) passes through the fixing through hole and is connected to the endoscope fixing screw (16); The second ball head sleeve (13) has a hollow interior at at least one end, and the fixing ball head screw (18) is fixed to the inner wall of the first ball head sleeve (13); one end of the snap-fit ​​member (19) is provided with a thread that matches the fixing ball head screw (18), and the other end is snapped into the inside of the snap-fit ​​ring (211).

3. The stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expander slider (23) is connected to the longitudinal axis joint (24) via the Z-axis knob (27), and the end of the longitudinal axis joint (24) opposite to the expander slider (23) is rotatably connected to the baffle lever arm (25).

4. The stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first gear knob assembly (22) is also provided with a first release button (28), which is used to release the position fixation between the first gear knob assembly (22) and the first rack (21).

5. The stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear fixing block (34) is rotatably connected to the bone nail shaft joint (36). A bone nail guide rod (31) is provided at the end of the bone nail shaft joint (36) that is opposite to the gear fixing block (34). The bone nail (37) is located inside the bone nail guide rod (31) and extends out of the bone nail guide rod (31) at the bottom.

6. The stabilization system for anterior cervical minimally invasive fusion surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second gear knob assembly (33) is also provided with a second release button (35); the second release button (35) is used to release the position fixation between the second gear knob assembly (33) and the second rack (32); The top of the bone screw guide rod (31) is provided with a fixed hand-tightening nut (38); the top of the bone screw (37) is threadedly connected to the fixed hand-tightening nut (38), and the length of the bottom of the bone screw (37) extending out of the bone screw guide rod (31) is adjusted by rotating the hand-tightening nut (38).

Images