A free forging combined lower flat anvil and a design method and a preparation method thereof
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA ERZHONG GRP DEYANG HEAVY IND
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
Smart Images
Figure CN121178779B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of free forging production technology, specifically to a free forging combined lower anvil and its design and preparation methods. Background Technology
[0002] The lower anvil is a common tooling structure used in free forging processes to support the billet and work in conjunction with the upper anvil for rolling, upsetting, and drawing of forgings. In the free forging process of large forgings, by rationally controlling the anvil width ratio (the ratio of the anvil width to the height of the billet before deformation) and the reduction amount, the stress state can be improved, effectively forging metallurgical defects such as shrinkage cavities and porosity inside the billet, improving the internal structure of the metal, making the billet structure denser, and increasing the strength and toughness of the forging. In actual production, the lower anvil is generally made of high-strength alloy tool steel. The dimensions of the anvil are determined according to the different sizes of billets to ensure that the billet is always under stress on the anvil and to prevent defects from occurring.
[0003] However, since one press is used to prepare forgings of various specifications, one press generally needs to be equipped with multiple sets of lower anvils of different sizes and specifications. The material consumption of multiple sets of lower anvils of different sizes and specifications is large, the storage space occupied on the tooling site is large, and the repair and replacement costs are high. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing free forging processes for large forgings, where a single press is equipped with multiple sets of lower anvils of different sizes and specifications, resulting in high material consumption, large storage space, and high repair and replacement costs. This invention provides a free forging combined lower anvil and its design and preparation methods.
[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a free forging combined lower anvil, comprising: The substrate is in the shape of a cuboid and is constructed such that its height is less than its width and the two long sides of its top surface are set as first transition rounded corners. The outer casing assembly includes several nested components, each component being n-shaped. The base is nested below the outer casing assembly. The top surface of each component is designated as the working surface. Each component is constructed such that its height is less than its width, and the two long sides of its top surface are designated as second transition rounded corner surfaces. The size of the second transition rounded corner surface is greater than the size of the first transition rounded corner surface.
[0006] Preferably, the projection width of the first transition fillet surface on the top surface of the substrate is set to 5%-17% of the width of the top surface of the substrate.
[0007] Preferably, the projection width of the second transition rounded corner surface on the top surface of the kit is set to 5%-17% of the width of the top surface of the kit.
[0008] Preferably, the kit includes a top plate and two side plates, which together form a fitting groove. The two long sides of the inner top surface of the fitting groove are set as a third transition rounded corner surface. The fitting groove is nested and fitted with the outer surface of the adjacent kit or the base.
[0009] Preferably, the thickness of adjacent top plates is the same, and the thickness of adjacent side plates is the same.
[0010] Preferably, the kit is provided with lifting holes located at both longitudinal ends of the top plate.
[0011] Preferably, the longitudinal end face of the substrate is provided with a groove, the groove extends laterally through the longitudinal end face of the substrate, the distance between the center line of the groove and the top surface of the substrate is set to 20% to 30% of the height of the substrate, and the depth of the groove is set to 4% to 12% of the length of the substrate.
[0012] Preferably, the base is provided with a positioning blind hole, the kit is provided with a positioning through hole, the positioning through hole can communicate with the positioning blind hole, and the positioning through hole and the positioning blind hole are connected by a through pin.
[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a design method for a free-forging composite lower anvil, comprising the following steps: S1. Design the outer dimensions of the base: Determine the width of the base according to the dimensions of the billet after forging. The width of the base should meet the requirements of the billet upsetting on a flat anvil and / or drawing on a wide anvil. Set the length of the base to be less than the width of the feeding table of the forging equipment, and the height of the base to be less than the width of the base. S2. Design the dimensions of the first transition fillet surface: Determine the dimensions of the first transition fillet surface based on the width of the substrate. The projection width of the first transition fillet surface on the top surface of the substrate is set to 5%-17% of the substrate width. S3. Design the external dimensions of adjacent kits: Determine the external dimensions of adjacent kits based on the external dimensions of the base, and set the height of adjacent kits to be less than the width of adjacent kits. S4. Design the dimensions of the second transition fillet: Determine the dimensions of the second transition fillet of the adjacent kit based on the width of the adjacent kit. The projection width of the second transition fillet on the top surface of the kit is set to 5%-17% of the top surface width of the kit. S5. Design the dimensions of the remaining kits: Determine the dimensions of the remaining kits in sequence according to the external dimensions of the adjacent kits. Set the height of any kit to be less than its width. The dimensions of the second and third transition rounded corners of adjacent kits should be the same.
[0014] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a free-forging composite lower anvil, comprising: The matrix is prepared by sequentially forging, heat treating, and machining the billet. The kit is prepared by sequentially cutting sheet metal, bending it into shape, heat treating it, and machining the blank. The base and several kits are nested in sequence.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention provides a free forging combined lower anvil, which is formed by nesting and combining a base and several kits. The size and specifications of the combined lower anvil meet the free forging process of large forgings, so that a press only needs to be equipped with one set of combined lower anvil, reducing the consumption of materials and floor space for the preparation of the lower anvil. Each structural component can be replaced independently, reducing repair and replacement costs. 2. The present invention provides a free forging combined lower flat anvil. By setting a first transition rounded corner surface and a second transition rounded corner surface on the upper and lower nested combination base and kit respectively, and designing the first transition rounded corner surface and the second transition rounded corner surface to have different diameters, the lower flat anvil can effectively prevent the surface cracks at the anvil joint position of the billet under large reduction, so that the lower flat anvil can meet the requirements of wide anvil and large reduction. 3. This invention provides a design method for a free forging combined lower flat anvil. By determining the dimensions of the base and the kit separately, a high degree of matching between the base and the kit can be ensured. During wide anvil drawing production, as the cross-sectional dimensions of the billet decrease, the anvil width can be quickly changed by removing the outermost outer sleeve, thereby optimizing the anvil width ratio and the reduction amount. 4. This invention provides a method for preparing a free-forging composite lower anvil. By employing corresponding preparation processes to prepare the substrate and components, the structural strength of the substrate and each component can be ensured respectively. Furthermore, machining ensures the matching degree between the anvil width and each transition fillet surface, resulting in a high degree of matching between the substrate and components and ensuring the performance of the lower anvil. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a front view of a free forging assembly lower anvil according to Example 1.
[0017] Figure 2 This is a side view of a free forging assembly lower anvil according to Example 1.
[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the substrate described in Example 1.
[0019] Figure 4 This is a side view of the substrate described in Example 1.
[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the substrate described in Example 1.
[0021] Figure 6This is a flowchart illustrating a design method for a free forging combined lower anvil, as shown in Example 2.
[0022] Marked in the image: 1-Base, 11-First transition rounded corner surface, 12-Groove, 13-Positioning blind hole, 2-Kit, 21-Second transition rounded corner surface, 22-Top plate, 23-Side plate, 24-Matching groove, 25-Third transition rounded corner surface, 26-Lifting hole, 27-Positioning through hole, 3-Pin. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
[0024] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer," etc., used in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention to indicate orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is usually placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, and for enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.
[0025] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," and "coaxial" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, parallel, or coaxial. Slight tilt or deviation is permissible, as long as it does not affect the normal function of the relevant component. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be perfectly horizontal; a slight tilt is acceptable. "Coaxial" means that two components are arranged as coaxially as possible, allowing them to move coaxially or approximately coaxially when their relative positions change. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when arranged in "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," "parallel," or "coaxial" directions, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the solution of the present invention.
[0026] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.
[0027] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.
[0028] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to connection methods commonly used in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.
[0029] Example 1 like Figures 1-5 As shown, a free forging composite lower anvil includes a base 1 and an outer casing assembly, the outer casing assembly including a plurality of nested components 2.
[0030] The base 1 is the basic structural block of this free forging composite lower anvil. The base 1 is nested under the outer sleeve assembly to support the upper outer sleeve assembly. The outer sleeve assembly is a structural block that combines with the base 1 and provides the top anvil surface. The base 1 can be used as an independent lower anvil, or it can be used as a complete lower anvil with the outer sleeve assembly. The base 1 can also be combined with several kits 2 to be used as a lower anvil. By adjusting the number of kits 2 that combine with the base 1, the size of the top anvil surface of the lower anvil can be changed accordingly, so as to achieve forging with different sizes of blanks. Compared with the traditional lower anvils that are independently prepared for different blank sizes, the material consumption, floor space, and repair and replacement costs are effectively reduced.
[0031] In one or more implementations, such as Figures 3-4As shown, the base 1 is rectangular in shape and is constructed with a height less than its width, and the two long sides of the top surface are set as first transition fillet surfaces 11. The height of the base 1 is smaller than its width, which ensures the stability of the base 1 during the forging process, allowing the base 1 to be used independently as a lower anvil and also to provide stable support for the kit 2. At the same time, the setting of the first transition fillet on the top surface of the base 1 can also effectively prevent surface cracks at the anvil joint position of the billet under large reduction conditions, so that the base 1 can meet the needs of wide anvil and large reduction. The principle is that as the anvil width increases, the reduction during forging production will also increase accordingly. The cross-section of the billet at the hammer joint position is relatively sharp, which is prone to stress concentration and cracks at the anvil joint position. Therefore, by setting the first transition fillet, when the base 1 is used independently as a lower anvil, stress is not easily concentrated, reducing the probability of crack formation, extending the use effect and service life of the lower anvil, and at the same time guiding the upper base 1 for assembly and positioning.
[0032] In one or more implementations, such as Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, kit 2 is n-shaped, and the top surface of kit 2 is set as the working surface. Kit 2 is constructed such that the height is less than the width and the two long sides of the top surface are set as the second transition rounded corner surface 21. The size of the second transition rounded corner surface 21 is greater than the size of the first transition rounded corner surface 11. The n-shaped kit 2 can be fastened to the top surface of the base 1 from top to bottom. With the support of the base 1, a combined lower flat anvil is formed. In the free forging process, the top flat anvil surface is improved. By setting the height of the kit 2 to be less than its width, the overall stability of the combined lower flat anvil can be improved. At the same time, by setting a second transition fillet surface 21 with a size larger than the first transition fillet surface 11 on the kit 2, the base 1 and one or more kits 2 can achieve different diameter designs for the inner and outer fillet positions of the n-shaped kit 2. This can meet the requirements of a wide flat anvil with a large reduction, so that the metal flow of the lower flat anvil is smooth under a large reduction and it is not easy for stress concentration to occur in a small area. This reduces the tendency for crack initiation at the anvil position during forging production. It can both ensure that the requirement of a wide anvil with a large reduction in the forging process is met and reduce the generation of surface cracks in the billet.
[0033] In an optional embodiment, the projected width of the first transition fillet surface 11 on the top surface of the substrate 1 is set to 5%-17% of the width of the top surface of the substrate 1. This limits the range of the first transition fillet on the substrate 1, ensuring the effectiveness of the substrate 1.
[0034] In an optional embodiment, the projected width of the second transition fillet surface 21 on the top surface of the kit 2 is set to 5%-17% of the width of the top surface of the kit 2. Due to the variation in the width dimensions of the kit 2 and the base 1, by defining the first transition fillet surface 11 and the second transition fillet surface 21 with similar proportions, different diameter designs for the transition fillet positions can be achieved, and preferably in a step-by-step variation state, which can realize the step-by-step transmission of forging force and optimize the forging effect.
[0035] In optional implementations, such as Figure 5 As shown, kit 2 includes a top plate 22 and two side plates 23. The top plate 22 and the two side plates 23 combine to form a fitting groove 24. The two long sides of the inner top surface of the fitting groove 24 are set as third transition rounded corner surfaces 25. The fitting groove 24 nests and mates with the outer surface of the adjacent kit 2 or base 1. By further setting the third transition rounded corner surface 25 in the fitting groove 24, the base 1 and kit 2 are fully fitted, improving the assembly effect and the usability of the combined lower anvil.
[0036] In an optional embodiment, adjacent top plates 22 have the same thickness, and adjacent side plates 23 have the same thickness. This allows for a gradually changing structural dimension of a modular lower anvil, making it convenient to use.
[0037] In an optional embodiment, the kit 2 is provided with lifting holes 26, which are located at both ends of the top plate 22 in the longitudinal direction. The lifting holes 26 facilitate the lifting of each kit 2, enabling adjustment of the combined lower anvil structure. This allows it to adapt to the forging of blanks of different sizes and to adjust the height of the lower anvil according to the forging process, thereby optimizing the anvil width ratio and the reduction amount.
[0038] In an optional embodiment, a groove 12 is provided on the longitudinal end face of the base 1. The groove 12 extends laterally through the longitudinal end face of the base 1. The distance between the centerline of the groove 12 and the top surface of the base 1 is set to 20% to 30% of the height of the base 1, and the depth of the groove 12 is set to 4% to 12% of the length of the base 1. The groove 12 is used to facilitate the clamping and lifting of the base 1 by equipment such as clamps. Setting the groove 12 on the longitudinal end face of the non-working surface of the base 1 ensures that the setting of the groove 12 does not easily affect the forging process, and limits the position and corresponding depth of the groove 12 in the height direction to facilitate clamping operations.
[0039] In an optional embodiment, the base 1 is provided with a positioning blind hole 13, and the kit 2 is provided with a positioning through hole 27. The positioning through hole 27 can communicate with the positioning blind hole 13, and the positioning through hole 27 and the positioning blind hole 13 are connected by a pin 3. The positioning blind hole 13, the positioning through hole 27 and the pin 3 facilitate the positioning and assembly of various structures, improve the efficiency of the combined lower anvil, and prevent displacement and deformation of the combined lower anvil during use.
[0040] This embodiment presents a free forging modular lower anvil, which is formed by nesting a base 1 and several components 2. The dimensions of the assembled lower anvil meet the requirements of free forging processes for large forgings. Compared to the traditional integral lower anvil, decomposing the lower anvil into a combination structure of a base 1 and multiple components 2 allows each press to be equipped with only one modular lower anvil, reducing the consumption of materials and floor space required for anvil preparation. Individual structural components can be replaced independently, reducing repair and replacement costs. Furthermore, by setting a first transition fillet surface 11 and a second transition fillet surface 21 on the nested base 1 and components 2 respectively, and... The design of different diameters for the first transition fillet surface 11 and the second transition fillet surface 21 can effectively improve the matching degree between the anvil width and the position of the transition fillet surface, reduce the stress concentration at the anvil position during large reduction forging of a wide flat anvil, and effectively prevent surface cracks at the anvil position of the billet under large reduction conditions. This ensures that the lower flat anvil meets the requirements of large reduction of a wide anvil and guarantees product quality. In use, the base body 1 can be placed directly on the forging platform using a crane hoisting equipment. When the actual anvil width required for forging increases, an appropriate number of kits 2 can be installed on the base body 1 and the positioning pins can be inserted for normal use.
[0041] Taking the combination of base 1 and three components 2 as an example, the components 2 are numbered sequentially from the side of base 1 outwards as first component 2, second component 2, and third component 2. The widths of the base 1 and the three components 2 corresponding to the traditional flat anvils are W=800mm, W=1200mm, W=1600mm, and W=2000mm, respectively. The dimensions, combination scheme, and weight of the combined flat anvil of this embodiment compared with those of the traditional flat anvil are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 Comparison of dimensions, assembly schemes, and anvil weights between the patented method and traditional methods.
[0042] As shown in the table above, the overall dimensions of the combined lower flat anvil in this embodiment, which consists of a base 1 and multiple components 2, are the same as those of the traditional solution. As the width of the anvil changes, the transition radius R of the combined lower flat anvil is 100mm, 120mm, 150mm, and 180mm from bottom to top, respectively, which meets the quality control requirements. The total weight of a set of flat anvils is about 71 tons, while the total weight of a set of flat anvils using the traditional solution is about 156 tons. The combined lower flat anvil in this embodiment can save about 85 tons of materials.
[0043] Example 2 like Figure 6 As shown, a design method for a free forging composite lower anvil includes the following steps: S1. Design the external dimensions of the base body 1: Determine the width of the base body 1 based on the dimensions of the billet after forging. The width of the base body 1 should meet the requirements of the billet upsetting on a flat anvil and / or drawing on a wide anvil. Set the length of the base body 1 to be less than the width of the feeding table of the forging equipment, and the height of the base body 1 to be less than the width of the base body 1.
[0044] In an optional implementation, the dimensions of the billet after forging are related to the equipment capacity, the cross-sectional characteristic dimensions of the forging, the forging process scheme, the upsetting of the flat anvil and the lengthening of the wide anvil, etc. The width of the base 1 is set to meet these basic practical conditions. At the same time, the length of the base 1 is designed according to the equipment specifications, and the length of the base 1 is set to be less than the width of the feeding table of the forging equipment to meet practical use. The height of the base 1 is set to be less than the width to ensure overall stability. The design of the structural dimensions of the base 1 is realized so that the base 1 can be used alone as a lower flat anvil.
[0045] S2. Design the dimensions of the first transition fillet surface 11: Determine the dimensions of the first transition fillet surface 11 based on the width of the base 1. The projection width of the first transition fillet surface 11 on the top surface of the base 1 is set to 5%-17% of the width of the base 1. The dimensions of the first transition fillet surface 11 on the top surface are further determined by the width of the base 1, which improves the usability of the base 1 and provides a basis for the size design of the kit 2.
[0046] S3. Design the external dimensions of the adjacent kit 2: Determine the external dimensions of the adjacent kit 2 based on the external dimensions of the base 1, and set the height of the adjacent kit 2 to be less than its width. The shape and dimensions of the n-shaped inner fitting groove 24 of the adjacent kit 2 are consistent with the external dimensions of the base 1. The external surface of the adjacent kit 2 is determined in the same way as the width design of the base 1, so that the top surface of the adjacent kit 2 can meet the corresponding forging operations, making the adjacent kit 2 highly compatible with the base 1 and structurally stable. After the base 1 and the adjacent kit 2 are combined, they can be used as a lower anvil. The size of the top anvil surface is widened based on the base 1, so that the combined lower anvil can meet more working conditions. The size of the top anvil surface can be adjusted according to the actual situation to optimize the anvil width ratio and the amount of reduction.
[0047] S4. Design the dimensions of the second transition fillet surface 21: Determine the dimensions of the second transition fillet surface 21 of the adjacent kit 2 based on the width of the adjacent kit 2. The projected width of the second transition fillet surface 21 on the top surface of kit 2 is set to 5%-17% of the top surface width of kit 2. This allows for a variable diameter design of the transition fillet surface when the adjacent kit 2 is combined with the other kits 2. S5. Design the dimensions of the remaining kits 2: Determine the dimensions of the remaining kits 2 sequentially based on the external dimensions of the adjacent kits 2. Set the height of any kit 2 to be less than its width. The dimensions of the second transition fillet surface 21 and the third transition fillet surface 25 of the adjacent kits 2 should be consistent. This sequential dimensional matching design between the adjacent kits 2 and the remaining kits 2 results in a high degree of fit between them. They can be combined into a whole for use as a lower anvil. The number of kits 2 can also be adjusted according to actual conditions to achieve use in different forging schemes, thus optimizing the anvil width ratio and reduction amount.
[0048] This embodiment presents a design method for a free forging combined lower flat anvil. By sequentially determining the dimensions of the base 1, the adjacent kit 2, and the remaining kits 2, a high degree of matching between the base 1 and kits 2, and between kits 2 themselves, can be ensured. This can prevent cracks from forming in the base 1 and kits 2 during use, improve performance, and extend service life. Furthermore, during wide anvil drawing production, as the cross-sectional dimensions of the billet decrease, the anvil width can be rapidly changed by removing the outermost jacket, thereby optimizing the anvil width ratio and reduction amount.
[0049] Example 3 A method for preparing a free-forging composite lower anvil, comprising: The matrix 1 was prepared by sequential forging, heat treatment, and machining of the billet. Kit 2 was prepared by sequentially cutting the sheet metal, bending it, heat treating it, and machining the blank. The base 1 and several suites 2 are nested in sequence.
[0050] This embodiment describes a method for preparing a free-forging combined lower anvil. By employing corresponding preparation processes to prepare the base 1 and the kit 2, the structural strength of the base 1 and each kit 2 can be ensured respectively. Furthermore, machining ensures the matching degree between the anvil width and each transition fillet surface, resulting in a high degree of matching between the base 1 and the kit 2 and ensuring the performance of the lower anvil.
[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A design method for a free-forging composite lower anvil, characterized in that, A free-forging composite lower anvil includes: The substrate (1) is in the shape of a cuboid and is constructed such that its height is less than its width and the two long sides of its top surface are set as first transition rounded corner surfaces (11). The outer casing assembly includes several nested components (2) in an n-shape. The base (1) is nested below the outer casing assembly. The top surface of the component (2) is set as the working surface. The component (2) is constructed such that its height is less than its width and the two long sides of its top surface are set as second transition rounded corner surfaces (21). The size of the second transition rounded corner surface (21) is greater than the size of the first transition rounded corner surface (11). The projection width of the first transition rounded corner surface (11) on the top surface of the substrate (1) is set to 5%-17% of the width of the top surface of the substrate (1); The projection width of the second transition rounded corner surface (21) on the top surface of the kit (2) is set to 5%-17% of the width of the top surface of the kit (2); The kit (2) includes a top plate (22) and two side plates (23). The top plate (22) and the two side plates (23) are combined to form a fitting groove (24). The two long sides of the inner top surface of the fitting groove (24) are set as a third transition rounded corner surface (25). The fitting groove (24) is nested and fitted with the outer surface of the adjacent kit (2) or the base (1). The thickness of adjacent top plates (22) is the same, and the thickness of adjacent side plates (23) is the same; The kit (2) is provided with lifting holes (26), which are located at both ends of the top plate (22) in the longitudinal direction; The longitudinal end face of the substrate (1) is provided with a groove (12), the groove (12) extends transversely through the longitudinal end face of the substrate (1), the distance between the center line of the groove (12) and the top surface of the substrate (1) is set to 20% to 30% of the height of the substrate (1), and the depth of the groove (12) is set to 4% to 12% of the length of the substrate (1); The base (1) is provided with a positioning blind hole (13), and the kit (2) is provided with a positioning through hole (27). The positioning through hole (27) can communicate with the positioning blind hole (13), and the positioning through hole (27) and the positioning blind hole (13) are connected by a through pin (3). And includes the following steps: S1. Design the outer dimensions of the base (1): Determine the width of the base (1) according to the dimensions of the billet after forging. The width of the base (1) meets the requirements of the billet upsetting on a flat anvil and / or drawing on a wide anvil. Set the length of the base (1) to be less than the width of the feeding table of the forging equipment, and the height of the base (1) to be less than the width of the base (1). S2. Design the dimensions of the first transition fillet surface (11): Determine the dimensions of the first transition fillet surface (11) based on the width of the base (1). The projection width of the first transition fillet surface (11) on the top surface of the base (1) is set to 5%-17% of the width of the base (1). S3. Design the external dimensions of the adjacent kit (2): Determine the external dimensions of the adjacent kit (2) based on the external dimensions of the base (1), and set the height of the adjacent kit (2) to be less than the width of the adjacent kit (2). S4. Design the dimensions of the second transition fillet surface (21): Determine the dimensions of the second transition fillet surface (21) of the adjacent kit (2) based on the width of the adjacent kit (2). The projection width of the second transition fillet surface (21) on the top surface of the kit (2) is set to 5%-17% of the top surface width of the kit (2). S5. Design the dimensions of the remaining kits (2): Determine the dimensions of the remaining kits (2) in sequence according to the external dimensions of the adjacent kits (2), set the height of any kit (2) to be less than its width, and make the dimensions of the second transition rounded corner (21) and the third transition rounded corner (25) of the adjacent kits (2) consistent. And includes: The matrix was prepared by sequential forging, heat treatment and machining of the blank (1); The kit was prepared by sequentially cutting the sheet metal, bending it, heat treating it, and machining the blank (2); The base (1) and several kits (2) are nested in sequence.