Multi-axis machining center for metal fittings

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-axis machining center for metal fittings and relates to the technical field of machining.The multi-axis machining center comprises a machining box body, a rotating shaft and a mounting groove, the machining box body is internally provided with the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is provided with the mounting groove, the mounting groove is internally provided with a milling cutter, the middle position of the milling cutter is provided with a slot, the slot is internally provided with a threaded rod, the threaded rod and the mounting groove are threadedly connected, the anti-deviation unit is further included, the anti-deviation unit comprises a positioning round rod, the milling cutter is uniformly provided with a plurality of through slots along the outer wall trajectory of the slot, each through slot is slidably provided with a positioning round rod, the mounting groove is provided with a groove, each positioning round rod is respectively and mutually inserted into the corresponding groove, and the threaded rod and each positioning round rod are mutually abutted; the milling cutter is positioned by the threaded rod and the positioning round rod, so that the milling cutter is prevented from deviating during machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, specifically to a multi-axis machining center for metal parts. Background Technology

[0002] As is generally known, multi-axis machining centers (multi-axis linkage machining) are a type of machining method based on CNC technology. They achieve efficient and precise machining of complex parts by synchronously controlling the linked motion of four or more coordinate axes (including linear and rotary axes). The multiple axes of a multi-axis machining center are often referred to as five axes, typically consisting of three translational axes (X, Y, and Z) plus any two rotary axes. Compared to the common three-axis (X, Y, and Z degrees of freedom) machining, five-axis machining refers to machining geometrically complex parts where the cutting tool needs to be positioned and connected across five degrees of freedom. Multi-axis machining centers have milling cutters mounted on their rotary axes. The rotation of these rotary axes drives the milling cutters to perform machining operations on the parts, and the synchronous motion of other axes enables the machining of different parts, thus completing the machining operation.

[0003] For example, the patent entitled "A Fully Automatic Multi-Station Multi-Axis CNC Machining Center" published on February 9, 2021, with announcement number CN110899778B, relates to the field of CNC technology, and in particular to a fully automatic multi-station multi-axis CNC machining center. It includes a fixed table, five multi-axis CNC milling machines on the top of the fixed table, a fixed cylindrical platform on the outer wall of the fixed table, a rotating cylindrical platform on the outer side of the fixed cylindrical platform, and mounting grooves on the top of the rotating and fixed cylindrical platforms. Positioning fixtures are installed within the mounting grooves, and a telescopic cylinder and a vacuum suction cup are fixedly installed within the mounting grooves on the rotating cylindrical platform. The fixed table has a built-in control unit. This patent, through the cooperation between the fixed cylindrical platform with mounting grooves and the rotating cylindrical platform, enables the fully automatic multi-station multi-axis CNC machining center to use different tools from the five multi-axis CNC milling machines for rotary machining according to the machining process. This avoids the frequent tool changes and reduced production efficiency of single-station multi-axis CNC machining centers, thereby improving machining efficiency.

[0004] The shortcoming of the existing technology is that, since the rotating shaft is provided with a mounting groove, the mounting groove and the milling cutter are installed by a threaded connection between the threaded rod and the mounting groove to realize the installation and replacement of the mounting groove and the milling cutter. However, since the specifications of the milling cutters are different, it cannot be guaranteed that the side of the milling cutter can be tightly pressed against the side wall of the mounting groove. This may cause the milling cutter to deviate during machining, thus causing machining errors to the parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-axis machining center for metal parts, thereby solving the technical problems in related technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-axis machining center for metal parts, comprising a machining housing, a rotating shaft, and a mounting groove. The machining housing contains a rotating shaft with a mounting groove. A milling cutter is disposed within the mounting groove. A slot is formed at the center of the milling cutter, and a threaded rod is disposed within the slot. The threaded rod and the mounting groove are threadedly connected. The system also includes an anti-deviation unit, comprising a positioning rod. The milling cutter has multiple through-slots evenly spaced along the outer wall of the slot. A positioning rod is slidably mounted within each through-slot. The mounting groove has recesses, and each positioning rod is interlocked with its corresponding recess. The threaded rod and each positioning rod abut against each other.

[0007] As described above, each of the positioning round rods and its corresponding through groove is connected by a first elastic element, and each of the first elastic elements is sleeved on the outer wall of its corresponding positioning round rod.

[0008] As described above, the top of the processing box is provided with a first reciprocating motion mechanism, and the output end of the first reciprocating motion mechanism is provided with a second reciprocating motion mechanism. The first reciprocating motion mechanism and the second reciprocating motion mechanism are arranged to cross each other.

[0009] As described above, the output end of the second reciprocating motion mechanism is provided with a first driving member, the output end of the first driving member is connected to a motor base and a second driving member, and the output end of the second driving member is connected to a rotating shaft.

[0010] As described above, two third driving components are symmetrically installed on the bottom side wall of the processing box. The output ends of the two third driving components are connected to a U-shaped plate. A fourth driving component is provided on the U-shaped plate, and the output end of the fourth driving component is connected to a driven disk.

[0011] As described above, the driven disc is provided with a plurality of straight grooves evenly distributed along its circumferential direction. A driven plate is slidably installed in each of the straight grooves. A triangular disc is provided on each of the driven plates. Three synchronous pulleys are rotatably installed on each of the triangular discs. The three synchronous pulleys on each triangular disc are connected to each other by a synchronous belt.

[0012] As described above, a fifth driving component is provided inside the driven disk, and the output end of the fifth driving component is connected to the driving disk. Multiple arc-shaped power grooves are evenly opened on the driving disk along its circumferential direction. A transmission plate is connected to each of the driven plates, and a sliding rod is provided on each of the transmission plates. Each sliding rod is slidably installed in its corresponding arc-shaped power groove.

[0013] As described above, each of the aforementioned triangular disks is rotatably mounted with a driving rod, and one end of each driving rod located inside the triangular disk is connected to a driving gear.

[0014] As described above, a driven gear is provided on one of the synchronous pulleys in each of the triangular discs, and the driven gear and the driving gear are meshed with each other.

[0015] As described above, the end of the rotating shaft is provided with a notch, and the notch and the driving round rod are interlocked and fitted together.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The milling cutter is installed via a mounting slot on the rotating shaft. During the installation process, a threaded rod passes through a slot on the milling cutter, and a threaded connection is established between the threaded rod and the mounting slot. This allows the threaded rod to stably mount the milling cutter on the rotating shaft. Simultaneously, the threaded rod presses against a positioning rod, causing it to insert into a groove. Through the interlocking of the positioning rods with the grooves, the positioning rods can position the milling cutter, preventing any deviation during machining and improving the accuracy of the milling cutter in machining parts. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the rotating shaft and the milling cutter mounting position of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the first reciprocating motion mechanism; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the second reciprocating motion mechanism; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A partial enlarged cross-sectional structural diagram at point L; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the U-shaped plate location; Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the positions of the driving gear and the driven gear of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the active disk and arc-shaped power groove of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A partial enlarged cross-sectional structural diagram at point M; Figure 11 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the positioning rod of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the milling cutter mounting position of the present invention; Figure 13 A partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention is provided; Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the enlarged cross-sectional structure at point N; Figure 15 For the present invention Figure 13 A partial enlarged cross-sectional structural diagram at point P.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Machining housing; 2. Rotary shaft; 3. Mounting slot; 4. Milling cutter; 5. Threaded rod; 6. Through slot; 7. Positioning rod; 8. Groove; 9. First reciprocating motion mechanism; 10. Second reciprocating motion mechanism; 11. First driving component; 12. Second driving component; 13. First elastic component; 14. Third driving component; 15. U-shaped plate; 16. Fourth driving component; 17. Driven disc; 18. Straight groove; 19. Driven plate; 20. Triangular disc; 21. Synchronous pulley; 22. Synchronous belt; 23. Fifth driving component; 24. Driving disc; 25. Arc-shaped power groove; 26. Transmission plate; 27. 28. Sliding round rod; 29. ​​Driving round rod; 30. Driving gear; 31. Driven gear; 32. Notch; 33. Hollow groove; 34. L-shaped plate; 35. Second elastic element; 36. Water delivery channel; 37. Spherical nozzle; 38. Universal joint; 39. Passive rod; 40. Fifth elastic element; 41. Square block; 42. Limiting rod; 43. Third elastic element; 44. Pressing rod; 45. Fourth elastic element; 46. T-shaped rod; 47. Sealing groove; 48. Sixth elastic element; 49. Sealing plate; 50. L-shaped plate; 51. Locking rod; 52. Seventh elastic element; 53. Square groove; 54. Locking rod. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following will be described in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 15 The present invention will now be described in further detail.

[0021] One embodiment of the present invention relates to a multi-axis machining center for metal parts, including a machining housing 1, a rotating shaft 2, and a mounting groove 3. The rotating shaft 2 is disposed inside the machining housing 1, and a mounting groove 3 is formed on the rotating shaft 2. A milling cutter 4 is disposed inside the mounting groove 3, and a slot is formed at the middle position of the milling cutter 4. A threaded rod 5 is disposed inside the slot, and the threaded rod 5 is threadedly connected to the mounting groove 3. The invention also includes an anti-deviation unit, which includes a positioning rod 7. The milling cutter 4 has multiple through slots 6 evenly formed along the outer wall trajectory of the slot, and a positioning rod 7 is slidably installed in each of the through slots 6. A groove 8 is formed on the mounting groove 3, and each positioning rod 7 is inserted into its corresponding groove 8. The threaded rod 5 and each positioning rod 7 abut against each other.

[0022] Specifically, a multi-axis machining center is a device that uses CNC technology to control the rotary axis 2 to mechanically process parts. The machining housing 1 houses the various parts and collects debris generated during machining. A first reciprocating motion mechanism 9 is located on the top of the machining housing 1, and a second reciprocating motion mechanism 10 is located at the output end of the first reciprocating motion mechanism 9. The first and second reciprocating motion mechanisms 9 and 10 are interleaved and are driven by motors and ball screws. The first and second reciprocating motion mechanisms 9 and 10 are equivalent to XY-axis motion mechanisms. The second reciprocating motion mechanism 10 can move independently or simultaneously. The output end of the second reciprocating motion mechanism 10 is equipped with a first driving member 11, which is a device capable of linear reciprocating motion at its output end, preferably a cylinder. The output end of the first driving member 11 is connected to a motor base and a second driving member 12, which is a device capable of forward and reverse rotation at its output end, preferably a motor. The output end of the second driving member 12 is connected to a rotating shaft 2. The first driving member 11 drives the second driving member 12 to perform linear reciprocating motion. The first driving member 11 moves vertically (i.e., along the Z-axis). In other words, the first reciprocating motion mechanism 9, the second reciprocating motion mechanism 10, and the first driving member 11 can drive the second driving member 12 and the rotating shaft 2. The rotating shaft 2 moves in the X, Y, and Z axes, enabling the second drive component 12 and the rotating shaft 2 to move in three directions (i.e., X, Y, and Z axes). This allows the second drive component 12 and the rotating shaft 2 to perform multi-directional machining on the parts. Through the linear reciprocating motion of the first reciprocating motion mechanism 9, the second reciprocating motion mechanism 10, and the first drive component 11, the milling cutter 4 on the second drive component 12 and the rotating shaft 2 can perform multi-directional machining operations on the parts. This method of controlling the second drive component 12, the rotating shaft 2, and the milling cutter 4 to perform multi-directional motion using CNC technology is common knowledge in the field and will not be elaborated further. A mounting groove 3 is provided on the rotating shaft 2, and the milling cutter 4 is disposed within the mounting groove 3. The middle position of the milling cutter 4... A slot is provided, through which a milling cutter 4 passes. A threaded rod 5 is provided within the slot, and the threaded rod 5 is threadedly connected to a mounting groove 3. Multiple through slots 6 are evenly formed along the outer wall of the slot, and a positioning rod 7 is slidably installed in each through slot 6. A groove 8 is formed on the mounting groove 3, and each positioning rod 7 is interlocked with its corresponding groove 8. The threaded rod 5 and each positioning rod 7 abut against each other. Each positioning rod 7 and its corresponding through slot 6 are connected by a first elastic element 13, which is sleeved on the outer wall of its corresponding positioning rod 7. The first elastic element 13 is a component capable of telescoping and resetting.Under the elastic force of a spring (preferably), both ends of the positioning rod 7 are flush with the plane of the milling cutter 4. When it is necessary to install or replace the milling cutter 4 (a rotary tool used for milling), the operator places the milling cutter 4 into the mounting slot 3, inserts the threaded rod 5 into the slot on the milling cutter 4, and then uses a tool to screw the threaded rod 5 into the mounting slot 3. During the process of screwing the threaded rod 5 into the mounting slot 3, the threaded rod 5 exerts a squeezing effect on the positioning rod 7, causing the positioning rod 7 to squeeze the first elastic element 13, so that the first elastic element 13 is in a compressed state, until the threaded rod 5 is completely screwed into the mounting slot 3. This allows the threaded rod 5 to position and install the milling cutter 4. At this time, the threaded rod 5 presses the positioning rod 7 into the groove 8, allowing the positioning rod 7 to position the milling cutter 4. Simultaneously, under the rebound action of the first elastic element 13, the positioning rod 7 exerts a certain clamping force on the threaded rod 5, providing a certain clamping friction force to prevent the threaded rod 5 from loosening during the operation of the milling cutter 4. This would prevent the milling cutter 4 from becoming loose and affecting the machining of the parts. By positioning the milling cutter 4 with the positioning rod 7, the milling cutter 4 will not deviate during machining, improving the accuracy of the milling cutter 4 in machining parts.

[0023] The shortcoming of the prior art is that, since the rotating shaft 2 is provided with a mounting groove 3, the mounting groove 3 and the milling cutter 4 are connected by a threaded rod 5 to the mounting groove 3 to realize the installation and replacement operation between the mounting groove 3 and the milling cutter 4. However, the specifications of the milling cutter 4 are different, and it cannot be guaranteed that the side of the milling cutter 4 can be tightly pressed against the side wall of the mounting groove 3. This may cause the milling cutter 4 to deviate during processing, thus causing processing errors to the parts.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the milling cutter 4 is installed through the mounting groove 3 on the rotating shaft 2. During the installation of the milling cutter 4 in the mounting groove 3, the threaded rod 5 passes through the slot on the milling cutter 4, and then the threaded rod 5 and the mounting groove 3 are connected by threads, so that the threaded rod 5 can stably install the milling cutter 4 on the rotating shaft 2. Simultaneously, the threaded rod 5 presses the positioning rod 7, so that the positioning rod 7 is inserted into the groove 8. Through the insertion and cooperation between each positioning rod 7 and the groove 8, the positioning rod 7 can position the milling cutter 4, so that the milling cutter 4 will not deviate during processing, thus improving the accuracy of the milling cutter 4 in processing parts.

[0025] Preferably, to ensure comprehensive machining of the parts, it is necessary to ensure that the parts can also move in multiple directions. Two third driving components 14 are symmetrically installed on the bottom sidewall of the machining box 1. The output ends of the two third driving components 14 are connected to a U-shaped plate 15. A fourth driving component 16 is provided on the U-shaped plate 15, and the output end of the fourth driving component 16 is connected to a driven disk 17. Multiple straight grooves 18 are evenly formed along the circumferential direction on the driven disk 17. A driven plate 19 is slidably installed in each straight groove 18, and a triangular disk 20 is provided on each driven plate 19. Each of the triangular disks 20 is rotatably mounted with three synchronous pulleys 21, and the three synchronous pulleys 21 on each triangular disk 20 are connected to each other by a synchronous belt 22; a fifth driving member 23 is provided in the driven disk 17, and the output end of the fifth driving member 23 is connected to the driving disk 24. Multiple arc-shaped power grooves 25 are evenly opened on the driving disk 24 along its circumferential direction. Each of the driven plates 19 is connected to a transmission plate 26, and each of the transmission plates 26 is provided with a sliding round rod 27. Each of the sliding round rods 27 is slidably installed in the corresponding arc-shaped power groove 25.

[0026] Specifically, before machining the parts, they need to be clamped and positioned. When clamping the parts, the operator uses tools to place the parts between the triangular plates, and then activates the fifth drive unit 23 (the fifth drive unit 23 is a device with a reciprocating output, preferably a motor) to drive the active disc 24 to rotate. Because the active disc 24 has an arc-shaped power groove 25, and the arc-shaped power groove 25 and the sliding rod 27 are slidably connected, the center of the arc-shaped power groove 25 and the center of the active disc 24 do not coincide (e.g., Figure 8As shown, during the rotation of the active disk 24, the arc-shaped power groove 25 on the active disk 24 drives the sliding rod 27 to rotate along its trajectory, so that the arc-shaped power groove 25 can drive the transmission plate 26 to slide through the sliding rod 27. The transmission plate 26 drives the driven plate 19 to slide along the trajectory of the straight groove 18, so that the driven plate 19 drives the triangular disk 20 to move. The triangular disk 20 drives the synchronous pulley 21 and the synchronous belt 22 to perform clamping operations on the parts, so that the triangular disk 20 can perform stable clamping operations on the parts. When the second drive member 12, the rotating shaft 2, and the milling cutter 4 cannot move to the machining position of the parts, the fourth drive member 16 (the fourth drive member 16 is a device that can reciprocate at the output end, preferably a motor) is activated to drive the driven disk 17 to rotate, so that the driven disk 17 drives the parts clamped on the triangular disk 20 to rotate until the parts rotate to the second drive member. 12. The machining position of the rotating shaft 2 and the milling cutter 4: When the fourth driving member 16 drives the part to rotate through the driven disk 17, but still cannot reach the machining position of the milling cutter 4, the third driving member 14 (the third driving member 14 is a device that can reciprocate at the output end, preferably a motor) is activated to drive the U-shaped plate 15 to rotate, so that the U-shaped plate 15 drives the driven disk 17 and the part to rotate until the part rotates to the machining position of the milling cutter 4, so that the milling cutter 4 can perform comprehensive machining operations on the part. The part is clamped by the triangular disk 20. At the same time, the part is driven to rotate by the third driving member 14 and the fourth driving member 16, which can adjust the different machining positions of the part, so that the milling cutter 4 can perform machining operations on different positions of the part, thereby improving the machining flexibility of the part. By controlling the multi-axis linkage through CNC technology, machining operations can be performed on different positions of the part.

[0027] In another embodiment of the present invention, each of the triangular disks 20 is rotatably mounted with a driving rod 28, and one end of each driving rod 28 located inside the triangular disk 20 is connected to a driving gear 29; a driven gear 30 is provided on one of the synchronous pulleys 21 inside each of the triangular disks 20, the tooth tip circle of the driven gear 30 is smaller than the outer circumference of the synchronous pulley 21, and the driven gear 30 and the driving gear 29 are meshed with each other; a notch 31 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft 2, and the notch 31 and the driving rod 28 are interlocked.

[0028] Specifically, when machining is required on the clamping position of the part, the positions of the second driving member 12 and the rotating shaft 2 are adjusted by the first reciprocating motion mechanism 9, the second reciprocating motion mechanism 10, and the first driving member 11. The positions of the U-shaped plate 15 and the triangular disk 20 are adjusted by the third driving member 14 and the fourth driving member 16, so that the notch 31 on the rotating shaft 2 can be inserted into the driving rod 28 on the triangular disk 20. This allows the rotating shaft 2 to drive the driving rod 28 to rotate, and the driving rod 28 to drive the driving gear 29 to rotate. Since the driving gear 29 and the driven gear 30 mesh with each other, the driving gear 29 drives the driven gear 30 to rotate, and the driven gear 30 drives the synchronous pulley 21 to rotate. The synchronous pulley 21 drives the synchronous belt 22 to rotate, so that the synchronous belt 22 can drive the part to move to a certain extent. The rotation of the synchronous belt 22 can adjust the clamping position of the part on the synchronous belt 22. In this way, the clamping position of the part can be adjusted, thereby realizing the machining operation at various positions of the part.

[0029] In another embodiment of the present invention, a hollow groove 32 is provided on the rotating shaft 2, and an L-shaped plate 33 is slidably installed in the hollow groove 32. The L-shaped plate 33 and the inner wall of the hollow groove 32 are connected by a plurality of uniformly arranged second elastic elements 34. The L-shaped plate 33 and the threaded rod 5 are mutually abutted. A water conveying channel 35 is provided on the rotating shaft 2, and a spherical nozzle 36 is movably and sealed at the end of the water conveying channel 35. The spherical nozzle 36 and the L-shaped plate 33 are connected by a universal joint 37.

[0030] Specifically, when the milling cutter 4 is machining a part, the temperature rises due to friction and contact between the milling cutter 4 and the part during rotation. Therefore, it is necessary to cool the milling cutter 4 during machining. In this embodiment, a conveying channel is provided on the rotating shaft 2 so that coolant (or water) can be sprayed onto the milling cutter 4 from the conveying channel and the spherical nozzle 36 to cool the milling cutter 4. However, the thickness of different models of milling cutters 4 is different, so the position of the milling cutter 4 in machining the part also varies. Therefore, the position of the spherical nozzle 36 spraying coolant needs to be adjusted synchronously according to the different thicknesses of the milling cutters 4. In this embodiment, the length of the threaded rod 5 is constant. During the installation of the threaded rod 5 onto the milling cutter 4, the different thicknesses of the milling cutters 4 result in different depths to which the threaded rod 5 enters the hollow groove 32. During the installation process of the threaded rod 5 onto milling cutters 4 of different thicknesses, the threaded rod 5 pushes the L-shaped plate 33 to slide towards one end of the hollow groove 32. The L-shaped plate 33 compresses the second elastic element 34 (the second elastic element 34 is a retractable and restorative element, preferably a spring), causing the second elastic element 34 to be in a compressed state. Under the rebound action of the second elastic element 34, the L-shaped plate 33 provides a certain degree of pressure against the threaded rod 5. This can prevent the threaded rod 5 from rotating to a certain extent, thereby improving the stability of the milling cutter 4 installation. Simultaneously, as the L-shaped plate 33 moves towards one end of the hollow groove 32, the L-shaped plate 33 drives the spherical nozzle 36 to rotate at a certain angle within the water supply channel 35 through the universal joint 37 (the universal joint 37 is a component that can realize variable angle power transmission). However, the L-shaped plate 33 applies a certain pulling force to the universal joint 37 and the spherical nozzle 36, causing the spherical nozzle 36 to face the position of the milling cutter 4, so that the spherical nozzle 36 has a certain angle with the axis of the rotating shaft 2, so that the coolant sprayed from the spherical nozzle 36 can be sprayed onto the milling cutter 4 at the zero point. The machining position of the part allows the coolant to cool the milling cutter 4 to a greater extent. It is common knowledge in the field that the milling cutter 4 is sprayed with coolant through the rotating shaft 2, so it will not be elaborated. Due to the certain difference in the thickness of the milling cutter 4, the length (or depth) of the threaded rod 5 extending into the hollow groove 32 is different. When the thickness of the milling cutter 4 is thicker, the length of the threaded rod 5 extending into the hollow groove 32 is shorter. The length by which the threaded rod 5 pushes the L-shaped plate 33 to slide into the hollow groove 32 is also shorter. This results in a smaller swing amplitude of the L-shaped plate 33 driving the spherical nozzle 36 through the universal joint 37, so that the coolant sprayed in the spherical nozzle 36 can be sprayed onto the outer wall of the milling cutter 4.When the thickness of the milling cutter 4 is relatively thin, the length of the threaded rod 5 extending into the hollow groove 32 is relatively long, and the length of the threaded rod 5 pushing the L-shaped plate 33 to slide into the hollow groove 32 is relatively long, so that the L-shaped plate 33 drives the spherical nozzle 36 to swing more through the universal joint 37, so that the coolant sprayed in the spherical nozzle 36 can be sprayed onto the outer wall of the milling cutter 4. Milling cutters 4 of different thicknesses can be installed through the threaded rod 5 of constant length, so that the swing angle of the spherical nozzle 36 can be adjusted synchronously, so that the coolant sprayed from the spherical nozzle 36 can be sprayed onto the milling cutter 4 more, thereby realizing the cooling operation of the milling cutter 4. When the threaded rod 5 is installed on the milling cutter 4, the threaded rod 5 has three technical effects: (1) The threaded rod 5 can cool the milling cutter 4. Stable installation operation; (2) The threaded rod 5 pushes the positioning rod 7 to perform circumferential positioning operation on the milling cutter 4; (3) The threaded rod 5 drives the spherical nozzle 36 to swing to a certain extent through the L-shaped plate 33 and the universal joint 37 according to the different thickness of the milling cutter 4, so that the coolant sprayed from the spherical nozzle 36 can be sprayed onto the milling cutter 4 in greater quantities, thereby improving the cooling effect of the milling cutter 4; The L-shaped plate 33 has two technical effects: (1) The L-shaped plate 33 drives the spherical nozzle 36 to swing to a certain extent through the universal joint 37; (2) Under the rebound action of the second elastic element 34, the L-shaped plate 33 performs a certain clamping operation on the threaded rod 5, which can prevent the threaded rod 5 from rotating to a certain extent, thereby improving the stability of the milling cutter 4 installation.

[0031] In another embodiment of the present invention, a passive rod 38 is slidably installed at the bottom of each of the grooves 8. The inner walls of the grooves 8 of the passive rod 38 are connected by a fifth elastic member 39. The end of the passive rod 38 extends into the hollow groove 32. A plurality of blocks 40 are evenly arranged on the side of the threaded rod 5 in the hollow groove 32. A limiting rod 41 is slidably installed in each of the blocks 40. A third elastic member 42 connects each limiting rod 41 to the inner wall of the block 40. A plurality of abutting rods 43 are evenly slidably arranged at the end of each limiting rod 41. Each abutting rod 43 and the limiting rod 41 are connected by a fourth elastic member 44. The end of the passive rod 38 and its corresponding limiting rod 41 are wedge-shapedly fitted together.

[0032] Specifically, the inner walls of the groove 8 of the passive rod 38 are connected by a fifth elastic element 39 (the fifth elastic element 39 is a retractable and repositionable element, preferably a spring). When the positioning rod 7 is in its initial position (i.e., when the positioning rod 7 is not compressed by the threaded rod 5), under the elastic force of the fifth elastic element 39, the fifth elastic element 39 provides a certain elastic force to the passive rod 38, so that one end of the passive rod 38 is located outside the hollow groove 32, and the other end of the passive rod 38 is flush with the end of the groove 8. During the installation operation of the threaded rod 5 on the milling cutter 4, the threaded rod 5 pushes the positioning rod 7 into the groove 8, and the positioning rod 7 pushes the passive rod 38 into one end of the hollow groove 32. The passive rod 38 compresses the fifth elastic element 39, so that the fifth elastic element 39 is in a compressed state. Due to the end of the passive rod 38 and The corresponding limiting rods 41 are wedge-shaped and mutually engaged. During the movement of the passive rod 38 into one end of the hollow groove 32, the passive rod 38 pushes the limiting rod 41 towards one end of the threaded rod 5. The limiting rod 41 compresses the third elastic element 42 (the third elastic element 42 is a retractable and restorable element, preferably a spring), so that the third elastic element 42 is in a compressed state. Simultaneously, the limiting rod 41 pushes the pressing rod 43 to press against the side wall of the threaded rod 5. Under the pressing action of the fourth elastic element 44 (the fourth elastic element 44 is a retractable and restorable element, preferably a spring), the pressing rod 43 can perform a certain pressing and limiting operation on the side wall of the threaded rod 5. When the milling cutter 4 is machining the part, it can prevent the threaded rod 5 from loosening, thereby causing the milling cutter 4 to loosen and affecting the machining effect of the milling cutter 4 on the part.

[0033] As a parallel embodiment of another embodiment provided by the present invention, in yet another embodiment, a T-shaped rod 45 is slidably mounted on the L-shaped plate 33, a sealing groove 46 is provided on the rotating shaft 2, the sealing groove 46 is interconnected with the water conveying channel 35 and the hollow groove 32, a sealing plate 48 is slidably and sealingly mounted in the sealing groove 46, and the sealing plate 48 and the inner wall of the sealing groove 46 are connected by a sixth elastic member 47, and a floating element is installed on one side of the sealing plate 48 located in the water conveying channel 35. An L-shaped plate 49 is installed on the sealing plate 48. The end of the L-shaped plate 49 and the T-shaped rod 45 are mutually abutted. Multiple locking rods 50 are evenly slidably arranged at the end of the T-shaped rod 45 near the threaded rod 5. Each locking rod 50 and the T-shaped rod 45 are connected by a seventh elastic element 51. A square groove 52 is opened between the sealing groove 46 and the spherical nozzle 36. A locking rod 53 is slidably installed in the square groove 52. The locking rod 53 is connected to the sealing plate 48.

[0034] Specifically, because the fourth elastic element 44 applies a clamping force to the clamping rod 43, the clamping rod 43 can clamp and position the threaded rod 5 against the side wall. However, when the milling cutter 4 needs to be replaced, and the threaded rod 5 needs to be loosened, the aforementioned fourth elastic element 44 and clamping rod 43 clamp the threaded rod 5, but continue to provide clamping force when the threaded rod 5 needs to be loosened. This results in a large torque being required to loosen the threaded rod 5. In this embodiment, after the threaded rod 5 is installed on the milling cutter 4, when the milling cutter 4 is used to cut the part... During machining operations, coolant is sprayed onto the milling cutter 4 through the conveying channel and the spherical nozzle 36. As the coolant is sprayed and conveyed within the conveying channel, the coolant pushes the floating plate towards the end closer to the spherical nozzle 36. The floating plate then moves the sealing plate 48 towards the end closer to the spherical nozzle 36. Due to the sliding seal between the sealing plate 48 and the sealing groove 46, coolant will not spray out of the sealing groove 46. Simultaneously, the sealing plate 48 engages with the sixth elastic element 47 (the sixth elastic element 47 is a retractable and repositionable element, preferably a spring). The stretching operation causes the sixth elastic element 47 to be in a stretched state. The sealing plate 48 drives the L-shaped plate 49 to move closer to the end of the spherical nozzle 36. Since the L-shaped plate 49 and the T-shaped rod 45 abut against each other, the L-shaped plate 49 pushes the T-shaped rod 45 to move closer to the end of the threaded rod 5. This causes the T-shaped rod 45 to drive the locking rod 50 to press against the side wall of the threaded rod 5 through the seventh elastic element 51 (the seventh elastic element 51 is a component capable of telescopic return, preferably a spring). This allows the T-shaped rod 45 to perform positioning operations on the threaded rod 5 through the seventh elastic element 51 and the locking rod 50. The T-shaped rod 45 is set up... This is to increase the contact area between the L-shaped plate 49 and the T-shaped plate. After the milling cutter 4 completes the machining operation on the part, the coolant does not need to be sprayed to cool the milling cutter 4. When the coolant spraying stops, under the rebound action of the sixth elastic element 47, the sixth elastic element 47 drives the sealing plate 48 to slide in the sealing groove 46 to the end away from the spherical nozzle 36. Simultaneously, the sealing plate 48 drives the L-shaped plate 49 to disengage from the T-shaped rod 45, thereby reducing the clamping force of the locking rod 50 and the threaded rod 5 on the T-shaped rod 45, so that the threaded rod 5 can be loosened more easily and the milling cutter 4 can be replaced.When the end mill 4 operates at a high temperature while machining a part, the coolant injection rate needs to be increased. This increases the pushing force of the coolant on the floating plate within the delivery channel. Simultaneously, the floating plate moves the sealing plate 48 closer to the spherical nozzle 36, and the sealing plate 48 moves the locking rod 53 closer to the spherical nozzle 36. This allows the locking rod 53 to clamp and position the spherical nozzle 36, preventing it from swaying due to the increased coolant injection rate. Similarly, with the increased coolant injection rate, the pushing force exerted by the sealing plate 48 and L-shaped plate 49 on the T-shaped rod 45 and locking rod 53 increases, thereby increasing the clamping and positioning force of the T-shaped rod 45 and locking rod 53 on the threaded rod 5, ensuring the stability of the end mill 4 during operation.

[0035] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-axis machining center for metal parts, comprising a machining housing, a rotary axis, and a mounting slot, wherein the rotary axis is disposed within the machining housing, a mounting slot is formed on the rotary axis, a milling cutter is disposed within the mounting slot, a slot is formed at the middle position of the milling cutter, a threaded rod is disposed within the slot, and the threaded rod and the mounting slot are threadedly connected for installation, characterized in that, It also includes an anti-deviation unit, which includes a positioning round rod. The milling cutter has multiple through slots evenly opened along the outer wall trajectory of the slot. A positioning round rod is slidably installed in each of the through slots. A groove is opened on the mounting slot. Each positioning round rod is inserted into its corresponding groove. The threaded rod and each positioning round rod are abutted against each other. Each of the positioning rods and its corresponding slot is connected by a first elastic element, and each of the first elastic elements is sleeved on the outer wall of its corresponding positioning rod. The top of the processing box is provided with a first reciprocating motion mechanism, and the output end of the first reciprocating motion mechanism is provided with a second reciprocating motion mechanism. The first reciprocating motion mechanism and the second reciprocating motion mechanism are arranged to cross each other. The output end of the second reciprocating motion mechanism is provided with a first driving member, the output end of the first driving member is connected to a motor base and a second driving member, and the output end of the second driving member is connected to a rotating shaft; A hollow groove is provided on the rotating shaft, and an L-shaped plate is slidably installed in the hollow groove. The L-shaped plate and the inner wall of the hollow groove are connected by a plurality of uniformly arranged second elastic elements. The L-shaped plate and the threaded rod are mutually abutted. A water conveying channel is provided on the rotating shaft, and a spherical nozzle is movably sealed at the end of the water conveying channel. The spherical nozzle and the L-shaped plate are connected by a universal joint.

2. The multi-axis machining center for metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two third driving components are symmetrically installed on the bottom side wall of the processing box. The output ends of the two third driving components are connected to a U-shaped plate. A fourth driving component is provided on the U-shaped plate, and the output end of the fourth driving component is connected to a driven disk.

3. The multi-axis machining center for metal parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driven disc has multiple straight grooves evenly distributed along its circumference. A driven plate is slidably installed in each of the straight grooves. A triangular disc is provided on each of the driven plates. Three synchronous pulleys are rotatably installed on each of the triangular discs. The three synchronous pulleys on each triangular disc are connected to each other by a synchronous belt.

4. The multi-axis machining center for metal parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The driven disk is provided with a fifth driving component, the output end of which is connected to a driving disk. The driving disk is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped power grooves evenly distributed along its circumferential direction. Each driven plate is connected to a transmission plate, and each transmission plate is provided with a sliding rod. Each sliding rod is slidably installed in its corresponding arc-shaped power groove.

5. A multi-axis machining center for metal parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the triangular disks is rotatably mounted with a driving rod, and one end of each driving rod is connected to a driving gear inside the triangular disk.

6. A multi-axis machining center for metal parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, A driven gear is provided on one of the synchronous pulleys in each of the triangular discs, and the driven gear and the driving gear are meshed with each other.

7. A multi-axis machining center for metal parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the rotating shaft is provided with a notch, and the notch and the driving round rod are interlocked.

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