A flow-guiding type air-permeable device

Abstract

A flow-guiding type ventilation device is disclosed, with each ventilation device component having two end outlet pipes, each guiding gas flow along its axial direction. The axial direction of the end outlet pipes is at an angle α to the axis of the main ventilation device. A rotatable airflow guiding switch baffle is provided at the junction of the main ventilation device and the end outlet pipes, with a booster fan located below the switch baffle. The plane of the airflow guiding switch baffle is perpendicular to the axis of the main ventilation device. This invention, through reasonable airflow guidance, ensures that leaked gas will not leak into the living and working areas of the ship's personnel, preventing personnel exposure to toxic areas. Leaked gas passes through a booster ring and a booster fan, increasing the airflow velocity upwards along the axis of the main ventilation device, ensuring that the leaked gas sinks away from the ship's hull.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine shipbuilding and design, and specifically relates to a flow-guiding type ventilation device. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing emphasis on environmental protection and ever-rising requirements for CO2 emissions, ammonia, as a zero-carbon fuel, is seen as a promising alternative to carbon-based fuels like LNG and methanol. However, ammonia has a fatal flaw: it is toxic. Therefore, the safety of the ventilation system in ammonia-fueled ships is extremely important.

[0003] To ensure safety, ammonia-fueled ships often have extremely high vent masts. However, ammonia vapor diffusion analysis revealed that even when the vent mast height reaches the maximum limit required by ship height restrictions, ammonia gas can still diffuse onto the deck under certain conditions (e.g., wind blowing along the ship's length). Figure 1 As shown.

[0004] Therefore, it is extremely important to design a reasonable ventilation device to ensure the safety of ammonia-fueled ships.

[0005] In addition to ammonia fuel, other green fuels such as methanol (slightly toxic), LNG, and hydrogen are also unsuitable for human inhalation and pose risks of flammability and explosiveness. Therefore, a properly designed venting system is also suitable for various gas-fueled ships. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a flow-guiding ventilation device, aiming to ensure that toxic gases do not diffuse into residential buildings, workplaces, and frequently used operating areas, while maintaining the device's height in accordance with regulations. The technical solution adopted is as follows: A flow-guiding venting device has a vertically installed main vent pipe connected to a gas fuel storage tank. The top of the main vent pipe is divided into two branch vent pipes, which are symmetrically arranged and inclined to the port and starboard sides respectively. The two branch vent pipes are connected to the interior of the main vent pipe and are integrally formed with the main vent pipe, forming a Y-shape.

[0007] The axis of the branch ventilator is at an angle α with the axis of the main ventilator, and 30°≤α≤60°. The two branch ventilators are of the same length. The relationship between the lengths of the branch ventilator and the main ventilator is: L×sinα≤D / 2, where L is the length of the branch ventilator and D is the diameter of the main ventilator.

[0008] An airflow guiding switch baffle is installed at the internal connection between the branch vent pipe and the main vent pipe. The airflow guiding switch baffle is semi-circular and its size is half the inner circle of the main vent pipe. The airflow guiding switch baffle can be flipped left and right inside the main vent pipe to block the connection between the bottom of the branch vent pipe and the main vent pipe. A booster fan is installed below the airflow guiding switch baffle.

[0009] The remote control circuit controls the start-up of the booster fan and the flipping direction of the airflow guide switch baffle.

[0010] When there is a gas leak in the gaseous fuel storage tank, the gas leak detection device detects the leaking gas and sends a leak signal to the remote control circuit, which then activates the power switch of the booster fan.

[0011] Meanwhile, the ship's wind instrument detects the relative wind direction of the external environment. When the ship's wind instrument detects that the relative wind direction of the external environment is 0-180°, that is, the wind is blowing from the starboard side to the port side, it sends the wind direction signal to the remote control circuit. The remote control circuit controls the airflow guide switch baffle to flip down to the bottom of the branch vent pipe that is tilted to the port side.

[0012] When the ship's wind instrument detects that the relative wind direction of the external environment is 180°-360°, that is, when the wind blows from the port side to the starboard side, it sends the wind direction signal to the remote control circuit. The remote control circuit controls the airflow guide switch baffle to flip down to the underside of the branch vent pipe that is tilted to the starboard side.

[0013] The gas leak detection device continuously monitors the leaking gas. Once the leaking gas disappears and the monitoring continues for 30 minutes, the remote control circuit cuts off the power switch of the booster fan.

[0014] Furthermore, in the aforementioned flow-guiding type ventilation device, the axis of the booster fan is completely aligned with the axis of the main ventilation pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, in the aforementioned air-guiding ventilation device, a sealing pressure ring is provided between the booster fan, the airflow guiding switch baffle, and the main ventilation pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, the aforementioned air-guiding ventilation device is further provided with a circuit arrangement along the axis of the main ventilation device to supply power to the booster fan and the airflow guiding switch baffle.

[0017] Furthermore, the aforementioned air-guiding and ventilating device has one or more end air outlets.

[0018] Furthermore, in the aforementioned air-guiding type ventilation device, the height difference h between the plane height H1 of the airflow guiding switch baffle and the plane height H2 of the booster fan is slightly greater than the radius d / 2 of the airflow guiding switch baffle, i.e., d / 2≤H1-H2≤d.

[0019] Furthermore, in the aforementioned air-guiding and ventilating device, when the relative wind direction detected by the ship's anemometer is 0°-10°, 170°-190°, or 350°-360°, and this needs to be maintained for more than 10 seconds, the circuit remote control will send a flip signal to the airflow guiding switch baffle.

[0020] Furthermore, the aforementioned flow-guiding ventilator further includes a gaseous fuel storage tank containing a high concentration of ammonia.

[0021] Conventional ventilation systems often increase in height to prevent ammonia vapor from spreading to living and working areas. However, ship designs have height limitations, preventing the system from being raised indefinitely. Therefore, while ensuring the ventilation system's height meets regulatory requirements, it is crucial to achieve safe emission of toxic gases. This requires proper airflow guidance to prevent leaked gases from entering the ship's living and working areas, thus avoiding personnel exposure to toxic environments.

[0022] Leaking gas is pressurized by a booster ring and a booster fan, increasing the airflow velocity upwards along the axis of the main venting device. This ensures that the leaking gas is far from the ship's hull when it sinks. The deflecting flow of the leaking gas through the end outlet pipe aligns its flow direction with the wind direction, further accelerating the gas flow while ensuring it flows along the ship's beam, preventing it from flowing towards the crew quarters at the stern or the bosun's quarters at the bow.

[0023] The leaking gas is deflected through the branch vent pipe, aligning its flow direction with the wind direction. This further accelerates the gas flow and changes its direction, transforming the airflow from a completely upward direction to an oblique upward flow, thus achieving a change in airflow velocity along the ship's width from zero to present.

[0024] Based on computational fluid dynamics, this study analyzes ammonia vapor diffusion using an ammonia-fueled ship as an example. Under otherwise identical conditions, with only a difference in wind direction, increasing wind speed helps prevent ammonia vapor from diffusing into the ship's living / operational areas. After these two guiding measures, the leaked gas can be effectively prevented from flowing into the crew quarters at the stern and the boatswain's barracks at the bow. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flow-guiding type air-permeable device; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Diagram from the perspective of AA (Anti-Aggressive) Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Diagram from the perspective of a mid-BB (Black and White) unit; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the system flow of the present invention; Among them, 1-first vent pipe, 2-second vent pipe, 3-main vent pipe, 4-airflow guide switch baffle, 5-boost fan, 7-sealing booster ring, 9-circuit circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1 The illustrated flow-guiding venting device has a vertically installed main vent pipe 3, with its bottom end located on the ship's deck and connected to the ammonia fuel storage tank via a venting pipeline. The top of the main vent pipe is divided into two branches, which are symmetrically arranged and identical in size and shape. These two branches are designated as the first branch vent pipe and the second branch vent pipe, respectively, and the airflow is guided to either the first branch vent pipe 1 or the second branch vent pipe 2.

[0028] The plane formed by the axes of the two branch vent pipes and the main vent pipe is perpendicular to the ship's length direction. The first branch vent pipe 1 is biased towards the port side, and the second branch vent pipe 2 is biased towards the starboard side. The angle between the axis of the branch vent pipe and the axis of the main vent pipe is α, and 30°≤α≤60°.

[0029] The dimensions of the main vent pipe and branch vent pipes must meet the following requirement: L×sinα≤D / 2. Where L is the length of the branch vent pipe and D is the diameter of the main vent pipe.

[0030] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, a rotatable airflow guiding switch baffle 4 is provided at the junction of the main vent pipe and the branch vent pipe. The airflow guiding switch baffle is semi-circular, half the size of the inner circle of the main vent pipe. The airflow guiding switch baffle is horizontally set, and a central shaft is set on the diameter side of the semi-circle. It is fixed inside the main vent pipe by the central shaft. When the switch is adjusted, it rotates along the central shaft. A sealing pressure boosting ring structure 7 is provided on the outer ring of the airflow guiding switch baffle.

[0031] The airflow guiding switch baffle adjusts according to environmental conditions and is controlled by an electronic control unit. When the relative wind direction of the external environment is 0-180° (i.e., the wind blows from the starboard side to the port side), the airflow guiding switch baffle is located below the second vent pipe 2, and the airflow flows out from the first vent pipe 1. Conversely, when the relative wind direction of the external environment is 180-360° (i.e., the wind blows from the port side to the starboard side), the airflow guiding switch baffle is located below the first vent pipe 1, and the airflow flows out from the second vent pipe 2.

[0032] Below the switch baffle is a booster fan 5, which is switched on or off depending on the ammonia leak situation on the ship and is controlled by an electrical control. The outer ring of the booster fan is equipped with a sealing booster ring structure.

[0033] The height difference h between the plane height H1 of the airflow guide switch baffle and the plane height H2 of the booster fan is slightly greater than the radius d / 2 of the airflow guide switch baffle, i.e., d / 2≤H1-H2≤d.

[0034] The booster fan axis is completely aligned with the main ventilation device axis to ensure the stability, strength, and boosting effect of the booster fan.

[0035] The booster fan and airflow guide switch baffle are provided with a sealing and boosting ring structure 7 in the circumferential area around the plane perpendicular to the axis of the main ventilator, which integrates multiple functions such as airflow boosting, structural reinforcement and easy installation.

[0036] A circuit arrangement 9 is provided along the axis of the main ventilator to supply power to the booster fan and the airflow guide switch baffle.

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, in the event of excessive pressure or fire in the gas fuel storage tank, the gas leak detection device will sound an alarm and issue a leak signal. Upon receiving the leak signal, the remote control circuit of the venting system component integrated into the ship's detection system will activate the power switch. On one hand, the booster fan will be powered on and operational. On the other hand, the position of the airflow guide switch baffle will be determined and operated based on the relative wind direction. When the ship's anemometer detects a relative wind direction of 0°-180° (i.e., wind blowing from starboard to port), the remote control circuit of the venting system component, upon receiving the wind direction signal, will send an electrical signal to control the airflow guide switch baffle to adjust to below the second vent pipe 2. At this time, the high-speed airflow pressurized by the booster fan will be guided from the main vent pipe to the first vent pipe 1 and out. Conversely, when the relative wind direction is 180-360° (i.e., wind blowing from port to starboard), the airflow guide switch baffle is located below the first vent pipe 1, and the airflow flows out from the second vent pipe 2.

[0038] It should be noted that, in order to prevent the airflow direction switch from being adjusted too frequently, when the relative wind direction of the external environment is 0-10°, 170-190°, or 350-360°, it is necessary to hold for more than 10 seconds before adjusting the airflow direction switch.

[0039] When the ammonia vapor diffusion is controlled and the ammonia vapor concentration is below the detection value, the gas detection system alarm is lifted. After 30 minutes of continuous safety monitoring, the remote control circuit of the ventilation system component integrated into the ship's detection system will receive a safety signal and turn off the power switch of the ventilation system component.

[0040] Conventional ventilation devices often use the method of continuously increasing the height to prevent ammonia vapor from spreading to the living and working areas of personnel, but the hull design has height restrictions and cannot raise it indefinitely.

[0041] This invention ensures that leaked gas will not leak into the living and working areas of the ship's personnel through reasonable airflow guidance, thus preventing personnel from being exposed to toxic areas.

[0042] Leaking gas is pressurized by a booster ring and a booster fan, increasing the airflow velocity upwards along the axis of the main venting device. This ensures that the leaking gas is far from the ship's hull when it sinks. The deflecting flow of the leaking gas through the end outlet pipe aligns its flow direction with the wind direction, further accelerating the gas flow while ensuring it flows along the ship's beam, preventing it from flowing towards the crew quarters at the stern or the bosun's quarters at the bow.

Claims

1. A flow-guiding type air-permeable device, characterized in that, It includes a vertically installed main vent pipe, which is connected to the gas fuel storage tank. The top of the main vent pipe is divided into two branch vent pipes, which are symmetrically arranged and inclined to the port and starboard sides respectively. The two branch vent pipes are connected to the interior of the main vent pipe and are integrated with the main vent pipe, forming a Y-shape. The axis of the branch ventilator makes an angle α with the axis of the main ventilator, and 30°≤α≤60°. The two branch ventilators have the same length. The length relationship between the branch ventilator and the main ventilator is: L×sinα≤D / 2, where L is the length of the branch ventilator and D is the diameter of the main ventilator. An airflow guiding switch baffle is installed at the internal connection between the branch vent pipe and the main vent pipe. The airflow guiding switch baffle is semi-circular and its size is half of the inner circle of the main vent pipe. The airflow guiding switch baffle can be flipped left and right inside the main vent pipe to block the connection between the bottom of the branch vent pipe and the main vent pipe. A booster fan is installed below the airflow guiding switch baffle. The remote control circuit controls the start-up of the booster fan and the flipping direction of the airflow guide switch baffle; When there is a gas leak in the gaseous fuel storage tank, the gas leak detection device detects the leaking gas and sends a leak signal to the remote control circuit, which then activates the power switch of the booster fan. At the same time, the ship's wind instrument detects the relative wind direction of the external environment. When the ship's wind instrument detects that the relative wind direction of the external environment is 0°-180°, that is, the wind is blowing from the starboard side to the port side, it sends the wind direction signal to the remote control circuit. The remote control circuit controls the airflow guide switch baffle to flip down to the bottom of the branch vent pipe that is tilted to the port side. When the ship's wind instrument detects that the relative wind direction of the external environment is 180°-360°, that is, when the wind blows from the port side to the starboard side, it sends the wind direction signal to the remote control circuit. The remote control circuit controls the airflow guide switch baffle to flip down to the side of the branch vent pipe that is tilted to the starboard side. The gas leak detection device continuously monitors the leaking gas. Once the leaking gas disappears and the monitoring continues for 30 minutes, the remote control circuit cuts off the power switch of the booster fan.

2. The air-permeable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axis of the booster fan is completely aligned with the axis of the main vent pipe.

3. The air-permeable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing pressure ring is installed between the booster fan, the airflow guide switch baffle, and the main vent pipe.

4. The air-permeable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A circuit is arranged along the axis of the main vent pipe to power the booster fan and the airflow guide switch baffle.

5. The air-permeable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height difference h between the plane height H1 of the airflow guide switch baffle and the plane height H2 of the booster fan, and the radius of the airflow guide switch baffle is d / 2, satisfying d / 2≤h≤d.

6. The air-permeable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the relative wind direction detected by the ship's wind instrument is 0°-10°, 170°-190°, or 350°-360°, it needs to remain constant for more than 10 seconds before the remote control circuit sends a flip signal to the airflow guide switch baffle.

7. The air-permeable device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gaseous fuel storage tank contains a high concentration of ammonia.

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