Anode drain method, device, vehicle, storage medium and program product for a stack

Abstract

The application provides an anode drainage method and device of a fuel cell stack, a vehicle, a storage medium and a program product, and comprises the following steps: obtaining a current running time of a fuel cell system and a current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference of the fuel cell stack; if the current running time is greater than or equal to a first preset time or the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference is greater than or equal to a first preset pressure difference, the anode of the fuel cell stack is controlled to perform pressure pulsation drainage, and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages and the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference after drainage are obtained; if the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is greater than or equal to a preset number or the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference after drainage is less than or equal to a second preset pressure difference, it is determined that the anode waterlogging has been drained and completed, and the step of obtaining the current running time of the fuel cell system and the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference of the fuel cell stack is re-executed. The method can judge the working state of the anode of the fuel cell, and actively controls the anode to perform pressure pulsation drainage, thereby improving the reliability of the fuel cell stack drainage system and avoiding local waterlogging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, vehicle, storage medium, and process product for anode drainage of a fuel cell stack. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are a key mode of transportation for the future. Their principle involves using the oxidation-reduction reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to directly convert the chemical energy stored in the fuel and oxidant into electrical energy. During the electrochemical reaction in a hydrogen fuel cell system, a large amount of water is produced on the air side. Due to the difference in water concentration between the air and hydrogen supply sides, water can permeate from the air side through the proton exchange membrane to the hydrogen supply side. A high water content on the hydrogen supply side can lead to localized flooding, affecting the hydrogen electrochemical reaction. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically drain the water produced by the chemical reaction to ensure the normal operation of the hydrogen fuel cell.

[0003] In related technologies, anolyte water is usually carried out by gas to the anolyte water collection box by a fixed flow rate or pressure difference, and discharged by a drain valve after a certain degree of accumulation.

[0004] However, passively draining the anode water by a fixed flow rate or pressure difference without active detection may lead to localized flooding within the fuel cell stack, which urgently needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, apparatus, vehicle, storage medium, and program product for draining the anode of a fuel cell stack. The method solves the problem of not being able to actively monitor the anode water accumulation in related technologies by judging the working state of the fuel cell anode and controlling the active pressure pulsation drainage of the stack anode, thereby improving the reliability of the fuel cell stack drainage system and avoiding the occurrence of local flooding.

[0006] In a first aspect, a method for anode drainage of a fuel cell stack is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] Obtain the current operating time of the fuel cell system and the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference of the stack;

[0008] If the current running time is greater than or equal to the first preset time, or the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure difference, then the anode of the fuel cell stack is controlled to perform pressure pulsation drainage, and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages and the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference after drainage are obtained.

[0009] If the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is greater than or equal to a preset number, or the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage is less than or equal to a second preset pressure difference, then it is determined that the anode water has been drained completely, and the step of obtaining the current running time of the fuel cell system and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet of the stack is executed again, wherein the second preset pressure difference is less than the first preset pressure difference.

[0010] The above technical solution determines the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack by judging whether the current running time has exceeded the time limit or whether the current pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is greater than the preset pressure difference. When the drainage conditions are met, the anode of the fuel cell stack is controlled to perform pressure pulsation drainage. After a certain number of drainage cycles or when the current pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is detected to be less than the preset pressure difference, the drainage is considered to have ended, historical data is cleared, and the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack is re-detected. Based on the original drainage system structure, by real-time monitoring of the working status of the fuel cell anode, the pressure pulsation drainage of the fuel cell stack anode is controlled in a timely manner, which improves the reliability of the fuel cell stack drainage system and avoids the occurrence of local flooding.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some possible implementations, after obtaining the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage, the method further includes:

[0012] If the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is less than the preset number, and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage is greater than the second preset pressure difference, then the sum of the preset number and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is taken as the preset number, and the step of controlling the anode of the fuel cell stack to perform pressure pulsation drainage is repeated.

[0013] By using the above technical solution, the efficiency of the fuel cell stack drainage system is effectively improved by detecting the number of times the anode pressure pulsation is drained and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage. When the number of drainages has not reached the preset number but the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is found to meet the conditions, the preset number of drainages is updated.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, before obtaining the current operating time of the fuel cell system and the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference of the stack, the method further includes:

[0015] Based on a preset operating time-pressure difference-voltage meter, a target voltage range that meets preset voltage conditions is determined, wherein the preset operating time-pressure difference-voltage meter is determined by the current electrical density of the fuel cell system;

[0016] Based on the preset running time-pressure difference-voltage meter, the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to the upper limit of the target voltage range is taken as the first preset pressure difference, and the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to the lower limit of the target voltage range is taken as the second preset pressure difference;

[0017] Based on the preset running time-pressure difference-voltage meter, the first running time corresponding to the upper limit of the target voltage range and the second running time corresponding to the lower limit of the target voltage range are determined, and the first preset time is obtained based on the average of the first running time and the second running time.

[0018] The above technical solution, based on the running time-pressure difference-voltmeter setting of the first preset pressure difference, the second preset pressure difference and the first preset time, and reasonably set according to experimental data, improves the system reliability and controls the fuel cell stack drainage system in a more stable way.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, before determining the target voltage range that meets the preset voltage conditions based on the preset running time-differential voltage-voltmeter, the method further includes:

[0020] Identify multiple electric densities to be calibrated;

[0021] At each calibrated electric density, the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack is adjusted to its maximum value, the nitrogen venting valve and drain valve of the fuel cell system are kept in the normally open state, and the fuel cell system is controlled to run for a second preset duration. The anode pressure of the fuel cell stack is adjusted to a preset pressure, and the nitrogen venting valve is adjusted to restore a preset operating frequency. At the same time, the drain valve is closed, and the cumulative running time from the current time to the shutdown time of the fuel cell system at each calibrated electric density is obtained.

[0022] For each electrical density to be calibrated, the cumulative running time is divided based on a preset division strategy, and a preset running time-pressure difference-voltage meter is obtained for each electrical density to be calibrated based on each divided running time, the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to each running time, and the voltage corresponding to each running time.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, the inlet and outlet pressure difference and battery voltage of a certain anode with different water content are obtained by calibration, the corresponding cumulative running time is obtained, and each running time is divided according to the preset division strategy. Based on each running time, the corresponding anode inlet and outlet pressure difference and the corresponding voltage, a running time-pressure difference-voltage table is obtained, which intuitively shows the time, inlet and outlet pressure difference and voltage when the anode is draining, and provides reliable data for the preset threshold.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, after determining that the anode water has been completely drained, the following steps are also included:

[0025] Set both the current running time and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainage cycles to 0.

[0026] The above technical solution resets the current running time and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainage cycles after determining that the anode water has been completely drained. This facilitates the next detection of the stack anode's working status, reduces the computational burden, and makes the drainage system's calculation results more reliable and intuitive.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect and the above-described implementations, in some possible implementations, controlling the anode of the fuel cell stack to perform pressure-pulsed drainage includes:

[0028] The current anode pressure is controlled to rise to a maximum pressure value, wherein the maximum pressure value is obtained based on the cathode pressure and the maximum pressure difference between the anode and cathode of the current charge density of the fuel cell system;

[0029] Based on a preset pressure reduction strategy, the current anode pressure is controlled to decrease from the maximum pressure value to a preset pressure, and the step of controlling the current anode pressure to increase to the maximum pressure value is re-executed, so as to obtain the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages based on the number of executions.

[0030] The above scheme controls the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack to first rise to its maximum value and then return to the preset pressure, causing the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack to pulsate and drain. The number of times this is performed is recorded as the number of anode pressure pulsation drainage times. Without affecting the power generation function of the fuel cell stack anode, the technology is drained, ensuring the normal operation of the vehicle and improving the user experience.

[0031] The anode drainage method for a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention determines the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack by judging whether the current operating time has exceeded the time limit or whether the current pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is greater than a preset pressure difference. When the drainage conditions are met, the anode of the fuel cell stack is controlled to perform pressure pulsation drainage. After a certain number of drainage cycles or when the current pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is detected to be less than the preset pressure difference, the drainage is considered to have ended, historical data is cleared, and the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack is re-detected. Based on the original drainage system structure, this method, by real-time monitoring of the working status of the fuel cell anode and timely control of the fuel cell stack anode to perform pressure pulsation drainage, solves the problem of not being able to actively monitor the anode water accumulation in related technologies, improves the reliability of the fuel cell stack drainage system, and avoids the occurrence of local flooding.

[0032] Secondly, an anode drainage device for a fuel cell stack is provided, the device comprising:

[0033] The acquisition module is used to acquire the current running time of the fuel cell system and the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference of the fuel cell stack;

[0034] The drainage module is used to control the anode of the fuel cell stack to perform pressure pulsation drainage when the current running time is greater than or equal to a first preset time, or when the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference is greater than or equal to a first preset pressure difference, and to obtain the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages and the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference after drainage.

[0035] The determination module is used to determine that the anode water has been completely drained when the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is greater than or equal to a preset number, or when the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage is less than or equal to a second preset pressure difference, and to re-execute the step of obtaining the current running time of the fuel cell system and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet of the stack, wherein the second preset pressure difference is less than the first preset pressure difference.

[0036] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some possible implementations, after obtaining the number of anode pressure pulsation drainage cycles and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage, the drainage module is further configured to:

[0037] If the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is less than the preset number, and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage is greater than the second preset pressure difference, then the sum of the preset number and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is taken as the preset number, and the step of controlling the anode of the fuel cell stack to perform pressure pulsation drainage is repeated.

[0038] In conjunction with the second aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementations, before obtaining the current operating time of the fuel cell system and the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference of the stack, the acquisition module is further configured to:

[0039] Based on a preset operating time-pressure difference-voltage meter, a target voltage range that meets preset voltage conditions is determined, wherein the preset operating time-pressure difference-voltage meter is determined by the current electrical density of the fuel cell system;

[0040] Based on the preset running time-pressure difference-voltage meter, the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to the upper limit of the target voltage range is taken as the first preset pressure difference, and the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to the lower limit of the target voltage range is taken as the second preset pressure difference;

[0041] Based on the preset running time-pressure difference-voltage meter, the first running time corresponding to the upper limit of the target voltage range and the second running time corresponding to the lower limit of the target voltage range are determined, and the first preset time is obtained based on the average of the first running time and the second running time.

[0042] In conjunction with the second aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, before determining the target voltage range that meets the preset voltage conditions based on the preset running time-differential voltage-voltmeter, the acquisition module is further configured to:

[0043] Identify multiple electric densities to be calibrated;

[0044] At each calibrated electric density, the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack is adjusted to its maximum value, the nitrogen venting valve and drain valve of the fuel cell system are kept in the normally open state, and the fuel cell system is controlled to run for a second preset duration. The anode pressure of the fuel cell stack is adjusted to a preset pressure, and the nitrogen venting valve is adjusted to restore a preset operating frequency. At the same time, the drain valve is closed, and the cumulative running time from the current time to the shutdown time of the fuel cell system at each calibrated electric density is obtained.

[0045] For each electrical density to be calibrated, the cumulative running time is divided based on a preset division strategy, and a preset running time-pressure difference-voltage meter is obtained for each electrical density to be calibrated based on each divided running time, the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to each running time, and the voltage corresponding to each running time.

[0046] In conjunction with the second aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementation methods, after determining that the anode water has been completely drained, the determination module further includes:

[0047] Set both the current running time and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainage cycles to 0.

[0048] In combination with the second aspect and the above implementation methods, in some possible implementations, the drainage module is specifically used for:

[0049] The current anode pressure is controlled to rise to a maximum pressure value, wherein the maximum pressure value is obtained based on the cathode pressure and the maximum pressure difference between the anode and cathode of the current charge density of the fuel cell system;

[0050] Based on a preset pressure reduction strategy, the current anode pressure is controlled to decrease from the maximum pressure value to a preset pressure, and the step of controlling the current anode pressure to increase to the maximum pressure value is re-executed, so as to obtain the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages based on the number of executions.

[0051] The anode drainage device for a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention determines the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack by judging whether the current operating time has exceeded the time limit or whether the current pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is greater than a preset pressure difference. When the drainage conditions are met, the device controls the anode of the fuel cell stack to perform pressure-pulsed drainage. After a certain number of drainage cycles or when the current pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is detected to be less than the preset pressure difference, the drainage is considered complete, historical data is cleared, and the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack is re-detected. Based on the original drainage system structure, this method, by real-time monitoring of the working status of the fuel cell anode and timely control of the anode to perform pressure-pulsed drainage, solves the problem of not being able to actively monitor anode water accumulation in related technologies, improves the reliability of the fuel cell stack drainage system, and avoids localized flooding.

[0052] Thirdly, a vehicle is provided, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the anode drainage method of the fuel cell stack described in the above embodiments.

[0053] Fourthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores computer program code, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

[0054] Fifthly, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an anode drainage method for a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of an anode drainage method for a fuel cell stack according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of an anode drainage device for a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be described clearly and in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, " / " indicates "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" refers to two or more than two.

[0061] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will understand that the traditional strategy involves using a fixed flow rate or pressure difference to carry the anode water out with the gas to the anode water collection box, where it is discharged through a drain valve after accumulating to a certain extent. However, passively discharging the anode water by using a fixed flow rate or pressure difference without active detection may result in localized flooding within the fuel cell stack, which does not meet the user's vehicle usage requirements.

[0063] Therefore, this invention proposes a method for draining the anode of a fuel cell stack. This method solves the problem of not being able to actively monitor the anode water accumulation in related technologies by judging the working state of the fuel cell anode and controlling the active pressure pulsation drainage of the anode, thereby improving the reliability of the fuel cell stack drainage system and avoiding the occurrence of local flooding.

[0064] Specifically, Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an anode drainage method for a fuel cell stack, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] In this embodiment, the fuel cell system involved in the anode drainage method of the fuel cell stack according to the present application can be as follows: Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The present invention provides a partial structural schematic diagram of a fuel cell system 10 according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. The fuel cell system 10 includes: a pressure regulating valve 11, a hydrogen circulation pump 12, an anode inlet pressure sensor 13, a fuel cell stack 14, an anode outlet pressure sensor 15, a nitrogen venting valve 16, a water collection box 17, and a drain valve 18.

[0066] The output of the pressure regulating valve 11 is connected to one of the inputs of the hydrogen circulation pump 12. The output of the hydrogen circulation pump 12 is connected to the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack 14 (an anode inlet pressure sensor 13 is provided between the hydrogen circulation pump 12 and the fuel cell stack 14). The anode outlet of the fuel cell stack 14 is connected to the input of the nitrogen venting valve 16 (an anode outlet pressure sensor 15 is provided between the anode outlet of the fuel cell stack 14 and the nitrogen venting valve 16). The output of the nitrogen venting valve 16 is connected to the input of the water collection box 17 and the other input of the hydrogen circulation pump 12. The output of the water collection box 17 is connected to the output of the drain valve 18. The output of the drain valve 18 is connected to the atmosphere.

[0067] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the anode drainage method for this fuel cell stack includes the following steps:

[0068] In step S101, the current operating time of the fuel cell system and the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference of the fuel cell stack are obtained.

[0069] Among them, the current running time is the running time of the fuel cell system from the start time to the current time; the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference is the difference between the anode inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the fuel cell stack.

[0070] Specifically, embodiments of the present invention can obtain the current operating time of the fuel cell system through the vehicle's control system; at the same time, the current anode inlet pressure and the current anode outlet pressure can be obtained by setting pressure sensors at the fuel cell inlet and outlet respectively, and the current anode inlet-outlet pressure difference can be obtained by calculating the difference between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure.

[0071] Furthermore, combined Figure 2 As shown, the present invention can detect the pressure values ​​at the inlet and outlet of the fuel cell stack by using the anode inlet pressure sensor 13 and the anode outlet pressure sensor 15, and calculate the difference between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure to obtain the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference.

[0072] It should be noted that the above-described methods of obtaining the current running time through the control system and the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference through the pressure sensor are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can use other methods to obtain the current running time and the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference according to the actual situation. To avoid redundancy, these methods will not be described in detail here.

[0073] In step S102, if the current running time is greater than or equal to the first preset time, or the current pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure difference, the anode of the fuel cell stack is controlled to perform pressure pulsation drainage, and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage are obtained.

[0074] The first preset duration and the first preset pressure difference can be obtained by calibrating the anode of the fuel cell stack under different water content conditions. The detailed calibration method will be explained in detail later.

[0075] Specifically, when the current operating time is greater than or equal to the first preset duration, or when the current pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure difference, it indicates that water has accumulated inside the fuel cell stack, and drainage is required. At this time, the anode of the fuel cell stack is controlled to perform pressure pulsation drainage, and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage are recorded simultaneously.

[0076] In some embodiments, controlling the anode of the fuel cell stack to perform pressure pulsation drainage includes: controlling the current anode pressure to rise to a maximum pressure value, wherein the maximum pressure value is obtained based on the cathode pressure and the maximum pressure difference between the anode and cathode of the current charge density of the fuel cell system; controlling the current anode pressure to decrease from the maximum pressure value to a preset pressure based on a preset pressure reduction strategy, and re-executing the step of controlling the current anode pressure to rise to the maximum pressure value, so as to obtain the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages based on the number of executions.

[0077] The preset pressure can be the pressure when the fuel cell stack is operating normally.

[0078] Specifically, in this embodiment, the anode pressure is controlled to rise to its maximum value (current cathode pressure + maximum anode-cathode pressure difference) via a pressure regulating valve and a hydrogen circulation pump, and then quickly restored to normal pressure. The accumulated water is pumped to the drain valve via the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the fuel cell stack. The drain valve remains open throughout the process to ensure normal drainage. Each instance of the anode pressure rising to its maximum value and then returning to normal pressure is recorded as one anode pressure pulsation drainage. Simultaneously with this anode pressure pulsation drainage, the embodiment can record the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages using a counter, and obtain the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference using anode inlet and outlet pressure sensors.

[0079] In step S103, if the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is greater than or equal to a preset number, or the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage is less than or equal to a second preset pressure difference, it is determined that the anode water has been drained and the step of obtaining the current running time of the fuel cell system and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet of the stack is executed again, wherein the second preset pressure difference is less than the first preset pressure difference.

[0080] The preset duration can be determined based on the number of anode pressure pulsations during the previous drainage operation, and the second preset pressure difference can be obtained by calibrating the anode of the fuel cell stack under different water content conditions. The detailed calibration method will be explained in detail later.

[0081] Specifically, when the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is greater than or equal to the preset number, or when the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is less than or equal to the second preset pressure difference after drainage, it means that the anode water has been drained. At this time, it is necessary to re-detect the current running time of the fuel cell system and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet of the stack until water is detected in the anode again, and then drain the anode water according to the anode drainage method of the stack.

[0082] Optionally, in some embodiments, after obtaining the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage, the method further includes: if the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is less than a preset number and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage is greater than a second preset pressure difference, then the sum of the preset number and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is taken as the preset number, and the step of controlling the anode of the fuel cell stack to perform pressure pulsation drainage is re-executed.

[0083] Understandably, when the number of anode pressure pulsation drainage cycles is less than the preset number, and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is still greater than the second preset pressure difference after drainage, the water accumulated in the anode has not been completely drained. Therefore, it is necessary to continue draining the inside of the fuel cell stack. At the same time, the original preset number of cycles is not reasonable and needs to be corrected.

[0084] Specifically, when the counter detects that the current anode pressure pulsation drainage count is x times, the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is greater than the second preset pressure difference, indicating that the anode water has not been drained. If the original preset count is m, then the preset count n is updated to n = m + x, and the execution returns to step S102 until the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is less than or equal to the second preset pressure difference.

[0085] Furthermore, in some embodiments, after determining that the anode water has been completely drained, the method further includes setting both the current running time and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainage cycles to 0.

[0086] Specifically, the detection-drainage operation of this invention is a cyclical operation. After determining that the anode water has been drained, it is necessary to re-detect the current running time and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainage times. In order to facilitate calculation, the detection data of the previous round can be reset to reduce the calculation pressure on the counter and control system.

[0087] For example, after determining that the anolyte water has been drained, the timer is reset to 0, and the number of anolyte pressure pulsation drainage cycles x is set to 0.

[0088] Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, by detecting the working time of the fuel cell and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet, when it is determined that there is water accumulation at the anode, the anode pressure is controlled to pulsate and drain the water, and the number of pulsations is recorded. The drainage operation is stopped when the number of pulsations reaches a preset number or the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet meets the condition, and the detection and drainage operation is returned to be executed in a loop.

[0089] Optionally, in some embodiments, before obtaining the current operating time of the fuel cell system and the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference of the stack, the method further includes: determining a target voltage range that meets a preset voltage condition based on a preset operating time-pressure difference-voltmeter, wherein the preset operating time-pressure difference-voltmeter is determined by the current charge density of the fuel cell system; based on the preset operating time-pressure difference-voltmeter, taking the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to the upper limit of the target voltage range as a first preset pressure difference, and taking the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to the lower limit of the target voltage range as a second preset pressure difference; based on the preset operating time-pressure difference-voltmeter, determining the first operating time corresponding to the upper limit of the target voltage range and the second operating time corresponding to the lower limit of the target voltage range, and obtaining a first preset duration based on the average of the first operating time and the second operating time.

[0090] The preset voltage condition can be the highest voltage.

[0091] Specifically, this embodiment of the invention uses a runtime-pressure difference-voltage meter to calibrate the inlet and outlet pressure difference and battery voltage under different anode moisture contents. All runtimes, anode inlet and outlet pressure difference ranges, and voltage ranges have a corresponding relationship at the same time, as shown in Table 1. Based on the runtime-pressure difference-voltage meter, a target voltage range that meets preset voltage conditions is selected, for example, the V2-V4 range. The corresponding anode inlet and outlet pressure difference is the σ2-σ4 range. If the upper limit of the target voltage range is V4 and the lower limit is V2, then the first preset pressure difference is σ4, the second preset pressure difference is σ2, the first runtime is T4, and the second runtime is T2. In this case, the first preset duration T is T = (T4 + T2) / 3.

[0092] Table 1

[0093]

[0094] Optionally, before determining the target voltage range that meets the preset voltage conditions based on the preset runtime-pressure difference-voltmeter, the method further includes: determining multiple charge densities to be calibrated; under each charge density to be calibrated, adjusting the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack to the maximum value, keeping the nitrogen venting valve and drain valve of the fuel cell system in the normally open state, controlling the fuel cell system to run for a second preset duration, adjusting the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack to the preset pressure, adjusting the nitrogen venting valve to restore the preset operating frequency, closing the drain valve, and obtaining the cumulative runtime from the current moment to the shutdown moment of the fuel cell system under each charge density to be calibrated; under each charge density to be calibrated, dividing the cumulative runtime based on a preset division strategy, and obtaining the preset runtime-pressure difference-voltmeter corresponding to each charge density to be calibrated based on each divided runtime, the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to each runtime, and the voltage corresponding to each runtime.

[0095] The second preset duration can be a user-defined duration, a duration obtained through a limited number of experiments, or a duration obtained through a limited number of computer simulations; no specific limitation is made here. The preset pressure and preset operating frequency are the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack and the operating frequency of the nitrogen venting valve during normal operation. The preset division strategy is a division strategy set by the user, which can be equal division or a weighted division based on the operating conditions; no specific limitation is made here.

[0096] Specifically, the calibration method for the inlet and outlet pressure difference and battery voltage under different anode moisture content states in this embodiment of the invention is as follows: The anode pressure of the fuel cell stack is controlled to its maximum value (i.e., the sum of the current cathode pressure and the maximum anode-cathode pressure difference). The nitrogen venting valve and drain valve of the fuel cell system are kept in the normally open state. At this time, the anode flow rate and metering ratio reach their maximum. Based on this, after the system runs for a second preset time, the anode pressure is controlled to return to the preset pressure during normal operation, the nitrogen venting valve is controlled to return to the preset operating frequency during normal operation, and the drain valve is closed. The cumulative running time is then calculated, and the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference and voltage at the corresponding time are detected. The timing ends when the system experiences a single low-pressure shutdown due to the inability to drain properly. At this time, the cumulative running time is divided based on a preset division strategy, for example, the cumulative running time is divided into ten equal time intervals. Based on each divided running time, the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to each running time, and the voltage corresponding to each running time, a running time-pressure difference-voltage table is obtained, as shown in Table 1 above.

[0097] To enable those skilled in the art to further understand the anode drainage method of the fuel cell stack according to the embodiments of the present invention, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0098] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of an anode drainage method for a fuel cell stack according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, including the following steps:

[0099] S301, the system starts normally and begins timing.

[0100] S302, determine whether the running time is greater than or equal to the preset time or whether the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure difference.

[0101] S303 controls the drainage of anode pressure pulsation.

[0102] S304, determine whether the anode outlet pressure difference is ≤ second preset pressure difference or anode pulsation count is ≥ preset count. If satisfied, reset the timer to 0 and reset the pulsation count, and return to step S302; if not satisfied, execute S305.

[0103] S305, change the preset number of pulses based on the current number of anode pulses, and return to step S303.

[0104] The anode drainage method for a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention determines the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack by judging whether the current operating time has exceeded the time limit or whether the current pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is greater than a preset pressure difference. When the drainage conditions are met, the anode of the fuel cell stack is controlled to perform pressure pulsation drainage. After a certain number of drainage cycles or when the current pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is detected to be less than the preset pressure difference, the drainage is considered to have ended, historical data is cleared, and the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack is re-detected. Based on the original drainage system structure, this method, by real-time monitoring of the working status of the fuel cell anode and timely control of the fuel cell stack anode to perform pressure pulsation drainage, solves the problem of not being able to actively monitor the anode water accumulation in related technologies, improves the reliability of the fuel cell stack drainage system, and avoids the occurrence of local flooding.

[0105] Next, the anode drainage device for the fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0106] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of an anode drainage device 10 for a fuel cell stack provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0107] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the anode drainage device 10 of the fuel cell stack may include: an acquisition module 100, a drainage module 200, and a determination module 300.

[0108] The acquisition module 100 is used to acquire the current running time of the fuel cell system and the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference of the fuel cell stack.

[0109] The drainage module 200 is used to control the anode of the fuel cell stack to perform pressure pulsation drainage when the current running time is greater than or equal to a first preset time, or when the current pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is greater than or equal to a first preset pressure difference, and to obtain the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage.

[0110] The determination module 300 is used to determine that the anode water has been completely drained when the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is greater than or equal to a preset number, or when the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage is less than or equal to a second preset pressure difference, and then re-execute the step of obtaining the current running time of the fuel cell system and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet of the stack, wherein the second preset pressure difference is less than the first preset pressure difference.

[0111] Optionally, in some embodiments, after obtaining the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage, the drainage module 200 is further configured to: if the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is less than a preset number and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage is greater than a second preset pressure difference, then the sum of the preset number and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is taken as the preset number, and the step of controlling the anode of the fuel cell stack to perform pressure pulsation drainage is re-executed.

[0112] Optionally, in some embodiments, before obtaining the current operating time of the fuel cell system and the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference of the stack, the acquisition module 100 is further configured to: determine a target voltage range that meets preset voltage conditions based on a preset operating time-pressure difference-voltage meter, wherein the preset operating time-pressure difference-voltage meter is determined by the current charge density of the fuel cell system; determine the target voltage range that meets preset voltage conditions based on the preset operating time-pressure difference-voltage meter; based on the preset operating time-pressure difference-voltage meter, take the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to the upper limit of the target voltage range as the first preset pressure difference, and take the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to the lower limit of the target voltage range as the second preset pressure difference; determine the first operating time corresponding to the upper limit of the target voltage range and the second operating time corresponding to the lower limit of the target voltage range based on the preset operating time-pressure difference-voltage meter, and obtain a first preset duration based on the average of the first operating time and the second operating time.

[0113] Optionally, in some embodiments, before determining the target voltage range that meets the preset voltage conditions based on the preset runtime-pressure difference-voltmeter, the acquisition module 100 is further configured to: determine multiple electric densities to be calibrated; under each electric density to be calibrated, adjust the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack to the maximum value, keep the nitrogen venting valve and drain valve of the fuel cell system in the normally open state, control the fuel cell system to run for a second preset duration, adjust the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack to the preset pressure, adjust the nitrogen venting valve to restore the preset operating frequency, and simultaneously close the drain valve, and acquire the cumulative runtime from the current moment to the shutdown moment of the fuel cell system under each electric density to be calibrated; under each electric density to be calibrated, divide the cumulative runtime based on a preset division strategy, and obtain the preset runtime-pressure difference-voltmeter corresponding to each electric density to be calibrated based on each divided runtime, the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to each runtime, and the voltage corresponding to each runtime.

[0114] Optionally, in some embodiments, in some possible implementations, after determining that the anode water has been completely drained, the determination module 300 further includes setting both the current running time and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainage times to 0.

[0115] Optionally, in some embodiments, the drainage module 200 is specifically used to: control the current anode pressure to rise to a maximum pressure value, wherein the maximum pressure value is obtained based on the cathode pressure and the maximum pressure difference between the anode and cathode of the current charge density of the fuel cell system; control the current anode pressure to decrease from the maximum pressure value to a preset pressure based on a preset pressure reduction strategy, and re-execute the step of controlling the current anode pressure to rise to the maximum pressure value, so as to obtain the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages based on the number of executions.

[0116] It should be noted that the explanation of the above-described embodiment of the anode drainage method for fuel cell stacks also applies to the anode drainage device for fuel cell stacks in this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0117] The anode drainage device for a fuel cell stack according to an embodiment of the present invention determines the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack by judging whether the current operating time has exceeded the time limit or whether the current pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is greater than a preset pressure difference. When the drainage conditions are met, the device controls the anode of the fuel cell stack to perform pressure-pulsed drainage. After a certain number of drainage cycles or when the current pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet is detected to be less than the preset pressure difference, the drainage is considered complete, historical data is cleared, and the current operating condition of the fuel cell stack is re-detected. Based on the original drainage system structure, this method, by real-time monitoring of the working status of the fuel cell anode and timely control of the anode to perform pressure-pulsed drainage, solves the problem of not being able to actively monitor anode water accumulation in related technologies, improves the reliability of the fuel cell stack drainage system, and avoids localized flooding.

[0118] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle may include:

[0119] The memory 501, the processor 502, and the computer program stored on the memory 501 and capable of running on the processor 502.

[0120] When processor 502 executes the program, it implements the anode drainage method of the fuel cell stack provided in the above embodiments.

[0121] Furthermore, the vehicle also includes:

[0122] Communication interface 503 is used for communication between memory 501 and processor 502.

[0123] The memory 501 is used to store computer programs that can run on the processor 502.

[0124] The memory 501 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0125] If the memory 501, processor 502, and communication interface 503 are implemented independently, then the communication interface 503, memory 501, and processor 502 can be interconnected via a bus to complete communication between them. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 5 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0126] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 501, processor 502, and communication interface 503 are integrated on a single chip, then the memory 501, processor 502, and communication interface 503 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0127] Processor 502 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention.

[0128] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program code. When the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer executes the above-described related method steps to implement the anode drainage method of the fuel cell stack provided in the above embodiment.

[0129] This embodiment also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, is used to implement the anode drainage method of the fuel cell stack as provided in the above embodiment.

[0130] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0131] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0132] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for anode drainage of a fuel cell stack, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the current operating time of the fuel cell system and the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference of the stack; If the current running time is greater than or equal to the first preset time, or the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure difference, then the anode of the fuel cell stack is controlled to perform pressure pulsation drainage, and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages and the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference after drainage are obtained. If the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is greater than or equal to a preset number, or the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage is less than or equal to a second preset pressure difference, then it is determined that the anode water has been drained, and the step of obtaining the current running time of the fuel cell system and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet of the stack is re-executed, wherein the second preset pressure difference is less than the first preset pressure difference; The method further includes, after obtaining the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage, the method further includes: if the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is less than the preset number and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage is greater than the second preset pressure difference, then the sum of the preset number and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is taken as the preset number, and the step of controlling the anode of the fuel cell stack to perform pressure pulsation drainage is re-executed. Before obtaining the current operating time of the fuel cell system and the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference of the stack, the method further includes: determining a target voltage range that meets a preset voltage condition based on a preset operating time-pressure difference-voltage meter, wherein the preset operating time-pressure difference-voltage meter is determined by the current charge density of the fuel cell system; based on the preset operating time-pressure difference-voltage meter, taking the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to the upper limit of the target voltage range as the first preset pressure difference, and taking the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to the lower limit of the target voltage range as the second preset pressure difference; based on the preset operating time-pressure difference-voltage meter, determining the first operating time corresponding to the upper limit of the target voltage range and the second operating time corresponding to the lower limit of the target voltage range, and obtaining the first preset duration based on the average of the first operating time and the second operating time; The anode outlet of the fuel cell stack is connected to the input terminal of the nitrogen purging valve. The output terminal of the nitrogen purging valve is connected to the input terminal of the water collection box and another input terminal of the hydrogen circulation pump. The output terminal of the water collection box is connected to the output terminal of the drain valve, and the output terminal of the drain valve is connected to the atmosphere.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining the target voltage range that meets the preset voltage conditions based on the preset operating time-differential voltage-voltmeter, the process further includes: Identify multiple electric densities to be calibrated; At each calibrated electric density, the anode pressure of the fuel cell stack is adjusted to its maximum value, the nitrogen venting valve and drain valve of the fuel cell system are kept in the normally open state, and the fuel cell system is controlled to run for a second preset duration. The anode pressure of the fuel cell stack is adjusted to a preset pressure, and the nitrogen venting valve is adjusted to restore a preset operating frequency. At the same time, the drain valve is closed, and the cumulative running time from the current time to the shutdown time of the fuel cell system at each calibrated electric density is obtained. For each electrical density to be calibrated, the cumulative running time is divided based on a preset division strategy, and a preset running time-pressure difference-voltage meter is obtained for each electrical density to be calibrated based on each divided running time, the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference corresponding to each running time, and the voltage corresponding to each running time.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After determining that the anolyte water has been completely drained, the process also includes: Set both the current running time and the number of anode pressure pulsation drainage cycles to 0.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control of pressure pulsation drainage of the anode of the fuel cell stack includes: The current anode pressure is controlled to rise to a maximum pressure value, wherein the maximum pressure value is obtained based on the cathode pressure and the maximum pressure difference between the anode and cathode of the current charge density of the fuel cell system; Based on a preset pressure reduction strategy, the current anode pressure is controlled to decrease from the maximum pressure value to a preset pressure, and the step of controlling the current anode pressure to increase to the maximum pressure value is re-executed, so as to obtain the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages based on the number of executions.

5. An anode drainage device for a fuel cell stack, characterized in that, A method for performing the anode drainage of a fuel cell stack as described in any one of claims 1-4, wherein the apparatus comprises: The acquisition module is used to acquire the current running time of the fuel cell system and the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference of the fuel cell stack; The drainage module is used to control the anode of the fuel cell stack to perform pressure pulsation drainage when the current running time is greater than or equal to a first preset time, or when the current anode inlet and outlet pressure difference is greater than or equal to a first preset pressure difference, and to obtain the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages and the anode inlet and outlet pressure difference after drainage. The determination module is used to determine that the anode water has been completely drained when the number of anode pressure pulsation drainages is greater than or equal to a preset number, or when the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet after drainage is less than or equal to a second preset pressure difference, and then re-execute the step of obtaining the current running time of the fuel cell system and the pressure difference between the anode inlet and outlet of the stack.

6. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the computer program to implement the anode drainage method of the fuel cell stack as described in any one of claims 1-4.

7. A computer storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the anode drainage method of the fuel cell stack as described in any one of claims 1-4.

8. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, is used to implement the anode drainage method of the fuel cell stack according to any one of claims 1-4.

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