A heavy metal comprehensive recovery device and method applied to waste batteries

Abstract

The application provides a heavy metal comprehensive recovery device and method applied to waste batteries, and relates to the technical field of battery recovery.The recovery device comprises a crushing assembly, a conveying assembly, a material spreading assembly, a first sorting assembly, an auxiliary sorting assembly, a second sorting assembly and a material blocking assembly.The material spreading assembly is used for spreading waste battery particles flat.The first sorting assembly is used for separating magnetic metals in the waste battery particles.The second sorting assembly uses eddy current for sorting.The application improves the recovery effect through multi-stage sorting and cooperative setting.The material spreading assembly ensures single-layer distribution of the material without overlapping and shielding.The infrared monitoring system can realize real-time sensing of the material layer height change on the conveying belt.The auxiliary roller with a non-magnetic section in the auxiliary assembly and the rotatable sleeve setting can continuously adsorb the magnetic metal particles that are not captured by the permanent magnet roller, prevent the magnetic impurities from mixing into the eddy current area, and improve the product quality of the recovery device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery recycling technology, and in particular to a comprehensive heavy metal recycling device and method for waste batteries. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of science and technology and the rapid development of society, various electronic products and power batteries have been widely used in people's lives; however, the generation of a large amount of solid waste such as waste batteries has also brought about increasingly serious environmental and resource problems; waste batteries contain high-value heavy metals such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, copper, and aluminum, but traditional recycling processes have significant defects.

[0003] Traditional recycling processes suffer from bottlenecks such as incomplete separation of magnetic metals, interference from non-metallic components, and high risks of secondary pollution. With the development of intelligent sorting and green metallurgy technologies, multi-stage sorting and refined recycling systems are gradually replacing extensive processing methods.

[0004] Based on the "crushing-sorting" cascade recycling technology, magnetic metals (such as iron and nickel) are first separated by magnetic separation, and then non-magnetic metals (such as copper and aluminum) are extracted by eddy current separation. The advantage of this technology is that it improves the purity and efficiency of metal recycling by combining multiple physical separation stages.

[0005] However, in actual operation, due to the complexity of material composition and the limitations of equipment processing precision, magnetic metal residue will occur during magnetic separation, resulting in fluctuations in separation effect and reduced recovery rate. For example, when waste battery particles are excessively concentrated, the accumulation of magnetic metal will form an "adsorption blind zone", and the magnetic separation roller cannot completely separate the magnetic metal, resulting in incomplete primary separation. The residual magnetic particles further interfere with the magnetic field uniformity of the eddy current separation zone, causing problems such as local failure of permanent magnet roller.

[0006] Given the aforementioned challenges, effectively addressing the issues of magnetic field interference and uneven feeding caused by incomplete separation of magnetic metals has become a core technological bottleneck in improving the efficiency and stability of waste battery recycling.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a comprehensive heavy metal recycling device and method for waste batteries to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a comprehensive heavy metal recycling device and method for waste batteries, aiming to solve the problems of incomplete separation of magnetic metals and interference with eddy current separation affecting efficiency.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a comprehensive heavy metal recycling device for waste batteries, comprising: The first sorting assembly includes a permanent magnet roller for adsorbing magnetic metals; An auxiliary sorting component, located downstream of the first sorting component, includes an auxiliary roller with an internal magnetic zone and a non-magnetic zone. A rotating sleeve is fitted over the auxiliary roller. The surface of the rotating sleeve adsorbs residual magnetic metal that has not been separated by the permanent magnet roller through the magnetic zone. The residual magnetic metal is transferred to the non-magnetic zone through rotational motion, and in conjunction with the magnetic adsorption of the permanent magnet roller, the residual magnetic metal is re-adsorbed to complete the secondary capture.

[0010] Preferably, the non-magnetic area of ​​the auxiliary roller corresponds to the vertical falling path of the material that is not adsorbed by the permanent magnet roller, and the area of ​​the auxiliary roller other than the non-magnetic area is a magnetic area.

[0011] Preferably, the auxiliary roller includes a magnetic component and a fixing frame for connecting the magnetic component. Multiple magnetic components are provided, all of which are located within the magnetic area of ​​the auxiliary roller.

[0012] Preferably, the first sorting component further includes a transition frame, the permanent magnet roller is rotatably disposed within the transition frame, and the bottom of the transition frame is provided with a material separating strip.

[0013] Preferably, the fixed frame of the auxiliary roller is connected to one side of the transition frame, and the other side of the transition frame is rotatably connected to the rotating sleeve. The end of the rotating sleeve connected to the transition frame is provided with a transmission wheel set.

[0014] Preferably, the heavy metal recycling device for waste batteries further includes a second sorting component located below the first sorting component. The second sorting component includes a sorting roller, the surface of which is provided with a ring array of permanent magnets with alternating magnetic poles.

[0015] Preferably, the second sorting component further includes a sorting frame, the sorting roller is rotatably connected within the sorting frame, the permanent magnet can rotate with the sorting roller, the movement of the permanent magnet forms a changing magnetic field, inducing eddy currents in the non-magnetic metal in the waste battery particles, and achieving separation from non-metallic substances under the action of Lorentz force.

[0016] Preferably, the heavy metal recycling device applied to waste batteries further includes: Crushing assembly for crushing pre-treated waste batteries; A conveying assembly, located downstream of the crushing assembly, includes a frame and a conveyor belt horizontally disposed within the frame; A spreading assembly, disposed above the conveyor belt, includes a liftable spreading frame for spreading waste battery particles. A baffle assembly is disposed outside the second sorting assembly, and includes a baffle plate with an adjustable distance from the sorting roller.

[0017] Preferably, detection seats are provided inside both sides of the frame, one set of detection seats is provided with an infrared transmitter on the outside, and the other set of detection seats is provided with an infrared receiver on the outside; the infrared receiver and the infrared transmitter are arranged symmetrically.

[0018] A method for comprehensive recycling of heavy metals from waste batteries includes the following steps: S01. Pretreatment: Eliminate residual battery charge by discharging with inert gas or resistance. S02, Crushing: The discharged waste batteries are crushed by the crushing component. S03, spreading the material: the spreading component spreads the waste battery particles falling onto the conveyor belt, and the detection seat detects the height of the waste battery particles. If the accumulation is too high, the feeding rate of the crushing component is reduced. S04, First-stage sorting: The flattened waste battery particles are conveyed to the first sorting component, where the permanent magnet roller sorts the magnetic metals. S05, First-level sorting assistance: The auxiliary sorting component sorts the waste battery particles that have been separated from magnetic metals again. The auxiliary roller and rotating sleeve adsorb the magnetic metals that have not been separated by the first sorting component and bring the magnetic metals closer to the first sorting component, so that the first sorting component can capture the magnetic metals again. S06, Secondary sorting: Waste battery particles with all magnetic metals removed are transported to the second sorting component. Eddy currents induced by changing magnetic fields deflect the non-magnetic conductive particles, thereby performing the sorting of non-magnetic metals. S07. Collection: Collect the sorted magnetic metals, non-magnetic metals, and non-metallic substances separately, and then implement targeted treatment measures according to the characteristics of each type of substance.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention utilizes an auxiliary roller with a non-magnetic section and a rotatable sleeve in an auxiliary component. The rotating sleeve continuously adsorbs magnetic metal particles that have not been captured by the permanent magnet roller. When the rotating sleeve carrying magnetic metal rotates to the non-magnetic section, the magnetic metal particles are "relay-adsorbed" under the magnetic field of the permanent magnet roller, completing secondary capture. The auxiliary component works in conjunction with the first sorting component to form a circulating replenishment channel for magnetic metals, effectively solving the problem of incomplete separation of magnetic metals and interference of residual metals with subsequent sorting processes caused by the excessive instantaneous processing volume of the first sorting component. This significantly improves the overall recovery efficiency and product purity. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the crushing component, the conveying component, and the first sorting component of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material spreading assembly of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sorting component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second sorting component of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the second sorting component and the material blocking component of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the first sorting component and the auxiliary sorting component of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary sorting component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the first sorting component and the auxiliary sorting component of the present invention.

[0030] Figure label: 1. Crushing assembly; 11. Crushing frame; 12. Fixing cover; 13. Crushing shaft; 14. Drive motor; 15. Connecting gear; 2. Conveying assembly; 21. Frame; 22. Conveyor belt; 23. Rotating roller; 24. Detector seat; 241. Infrared transmitter; 242. Infrared receiver; 25. Control box; 3. Spreading assembly; 31. Horizontal frame; 32. Adjusting rod; 33. Vertical rod; 34. Horizontal plate; 35. Spreading frame; 36. Drive component; 4. First sorting assembly; 41. Permanent magnet roller; 42. Transition frame; 421. Limiting ring; 4 3. Transition plate; 44. Material separating bar; 45. Scraper; 5. Auxiliary sorting assembly; 51. Auxiliary roller; 511. Fixing frame; 512. Magnetic component; 52. Rotating sleeve; 521. Mounting hole; 53. Transmission wheel set; 6. Second sorting assembly; 61. Sorting roller; 611. Permanent magnet; 62. Sorting frame; 63. Magnetic outer cylinder; 64. Drive roller; 65. Material conveyor belt; 66. Vertical plate; 67. Fixing plate; 7. Material blocking assembly; 71. Material blocking plate; 72. Sliding frame; 73. Guide frame; 74. Connecting seat; 75. Drive cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1 To improve the sorting efficiency and adaptability of recycling equipment, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention proposes a comprehensive heavy metal recycling device for waste batteries, including a crushing component 1, a conveying component 2, a spreading component 3, a first sorting component 4, a second sorting component 6, and a blocking component 7.

[0033] The conveying component 2 is located at the bottom of the crushing component 1 and includes a frame 21 and a conveyor belt 22. The frame 21 is connected to the crushing component 1, and the conveyor belt 22 is horizontally arranged inside the frame 21. The frame 21 is provided with a rotating roller 23 that drives the conveyor belt 22 to move. The rotating roller 23 is rotatably connected to the frame 21.

[0034] The crushing assembly 1 is used to crush pre-treated waste batteries. The crushing assembly 1 includes: a crushing frame 11, a fixing cover 12, a crushing shaft 13, a drive motor 14, and a gearbox. The crushing frame 11 is fixedly installed on the top of the frame 21. The fixing cover 12 is fixedly installed on the top of the crushing frame 11. The crushing shaft 13 is rotatably installed inside the crushing frame 11, and there are two sets of crushing shafts 13. The drive motor 14 is fixedly installed on the outside of the crushing frame 11, and the motor shaft of the drive motor 14 is fixedly connected to one set of crushing shafts 13. The gearbox is located on the side of the crushing frame 11 away from the drive motor 14, and the gearbox contains a set of meshing gears.

[0035] The spreading assembly 3, positioned above the conveyor belt 22, includes a liftable spreading frame 35 for spreading waste battery particles evenly. The spreading assembly 3 also includes a crossbeam 31, located at the top of the frame 21. The top of the crossbeam 31 has a parallel adjusting rod 32 and a vertical rod 33. The adjusting rod 32 is rotatably connected to the crossbeam 31. The top of the vertical rod 33 has a horizontal plate 34 through which the adjusting rod 32 passes. A driving component 36 is mounted on the horizontal plate 34. The output shaft of the driving component 36 is coaxially connected to the adjusting rod 32. The spreading frame 35 is slidably connected to the vertical rod 33, and the spreading frame 35 is threadedly connected to the adjusting rod 32. The driving component 36 can control the distance between the spreading frame 35 and the conveyor belt 22 via the adjusting rod 32.

[0036] It should be noted that adjusting the lead screw and vertical rod 33 can move the spreading frame 35 up and down, thereby adjusting the gap between the spreading frame 35 and the conveyor belt 22. This allows the spreading frame 35 to evenly spread the waste battery particles on the conveyor belt 22 when it is conveying the waste battery particles, avoiding particle accumulation that affects the sorting effect and further improving the sorting efficiency and effect.

[0037] The first sorting component 4 is located at the discharge end of the conveying component 2 and includes a permanent magnet roller 41 for adsorbing magnetic metals. The permanent magnet roller 41 can separate the magnetic metals in the waste battery particles. The first sorting component 4 also includes a transition frame 42, which is connected to one side of the conveying component 2. The permanent magnet roller 41 is rotatably disposed in the transition frame 42. A transition plate 43 is provided between the permanent magnet roller 41 and the conveyor belt 22. The transition plate 43 is located inside the transition frame 42 and is inclined. The top of the transition plate 43 is in contact with the outside of the conveyor belt 22, and the bottom of the transition plate 43 is in contact with the outside of the permanent magnet roller 41.

[0038] The bottom inner side of the transition frame 42 is provided with a material distribution bar 44, which can be set as an isosceles triangle; the lower side of the permanent magnet roller 41 is provided with a scraper 45, which is located inside the transition and is set at an angle, and the top of the scraper 45 is in contact with the outer side of the permanent magnet roller 41; the first sorting component 4 is set separately from the conveying component 2, which facilitates the maintenance and replacement of each component.

[0039] The second sorting component 6, located below the first sorting component 4, includes a sorting roller 61 and a magnetic outer cylinder 63. The magnetic outer cylinder 63 is coaxially sleeved around the permanent magnet 611. The surface of the sorting roller 61 is provided with a ring array of permanent magnets 611 with opposite magnetic poles and alternating N and S poles. When the sorting roller 61 rotates, the permanent magnets 611 move to form a changing magnetic field. The changing magnetic field forms a gradient magnetic field on the surface of the magnetic outer cylinder 63, which induces eddy currents in the non-magnetic metals in the waste battery particles, and achieves separation from non-metallic materials under the action of Lorentz force.

[0040] The second sorting component 6 also includes a sorting frame 62, which is connected to the bottom of the first sorting component 4. The sorting roller 61 is rotatably connected inside the sorting frame 62. The permanent magnet 611 can rotate with the sorting roller 61. The permanent magnet 611 is provided with a magnetic outer cylinder 63, which is coaxially arranged with the sorting roller 61. The sorting frame 62 is also provided with a drive roller 64 rotatably connected to it. The drive roller 64 and the magnetic outer cylinder 63 are provided with a conveyor belt 65.

[0041] The second sorting component 6 also includes a vertical plate 66 and a fixed plate 67; the vertical plate 66 is fixedly installed at the bottom of one side of the sorting frame 62; the fixed plate 67 is fixedly installed inside the other side of the sorting frame 62; the outer side of the conveyor belt 65 is attached to the outer side of the fixed plate 67.

[0042] The baffle assembly 7 is located outside the second sorting assembly 6 and includes a baffle plate 71 with an adjustable distance from the sorting roller 61. Two sliding frames 72 are provided on the side of the baffle plate 71. A guide frame 73 is provided inside the sliding frame 72 and is slidably connected to it. The guide frame 73 is connected to the second sorting assembly 6. A connecting seat 74 is provided on the side of the sliding frames 72 that is far apart from each other. A drive cylinder 75 is provided on the connecting seat 74. The telescopic rod of the drive cylinder 75 is connected to the connecting seat 74. The cylinder body of the drive cylinder 75 is fixedly connected to the second sorting assembly 6.

[0043] In the baffle assembly 7, the drive cylinder 75 can drive the baffle plate 71 to slide on the guide frame 73 through the connecting seat 74. By adjusting the extension and retraction of the drive cylinder 75, the gap between the baffle plate 71 and the conveyor belt 65 can be flexibly adjusted. This allows the recycling device to accurately control the material throughput according to the characteristics of the waste battery particles and the sorting requirements, further improving the sorting effect and the adaptability of the device.

[0044] Both sides of the frame 21 are equipped with detection seats 24. One set of detection seats 24 has an infrared transmitter 241 on its outer side, and the other set of detection seats 24 has an infrared receiver 242 on its outer side. The infrared receiver 242 and the infrared transmitter 241 are arranged symmetrically. A control box 25 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the frame 21. The control box 25 contains an information acquisition module and a control module, and the information acquisition module and the control module are electrically connected. The infrared receiver 242 is electrically connected to the information acquisition module in the control box 25. The drive motor 14 in the crushing component 1 is also electrically connected to the control module in the control box 25.

[0045] The infrared transmitters 241 and infrared receivers 242 arranged on both sides of the frame 21 form a height detection system, which can detect the height of the waste battery particles inside the frame 21 in real time. When the particle height is close to or exceeds the set value, the infrared receiver 242 will transmit the signal to the information acquisition module in the control box 25, thereby enabling the control module to control the working state of the drive motor 14, preventing the waste battery particles from overflowing the frame 21, and ensuring the safety and stability of the device operation.

[0046] In this embodiment, the arrangement of the first sorting component 4 and the second sorting component forms a two-stage sorting of waste battery particles, improving the sorting accuracy and purity, resulting in higher quality recycled metal and ensuring a higher metal recovery rate. The adjustable arrangement of the spreading frame 35 ensures that the waste battery particles on the conveyor belt 22 are evenly spread, preventing particle accumulation from affecting the sorting effect. The infrared device on the detection seat 24 can detect the height of the waste battery particles within the frame 21 in real time, ensuring the safety and stability of the device operation. The movement of the drive cylinder 75 can adjust the gap between the baffle plate 71 and the conveyor belt 65. The throughput of materials can be precisely controlled according to the characteristics of the waste battery particles and the sorting requirements, improving the sorting effect and the adaptability of the device.

[0047] Example 2 In actual use, if the first sorting component 4 separates too many waste battery particles at the same time, magnetic metal will accumulate in a certain area, causing the first sorting component 4 to be unable to completely separate the magnetic metal, which will interfere with the separation of the second sorting component 6 and reduce the separation effect of the recycling device.

[0048] To solve the above technical problems, such as Figures 1 to 10 As shown, in another embodiment of the present invention, the heavy metal recycling device applied to waste batteries further includes an auxiliary sorting component 5.

[0049] The auxiliary sorting component 5 is located downstream of the first sorting component 4. It includes an auxiliary roller 51 with a magnetic zone and a non-magnetic zone inside. A rotating sleeve 52 is provided on the outer sleeve of the auxiliary roller 51. The surface of the rotating sleeve 52 adsorbs residual magnetic metal that has not been separated by the permanent magnet roller 41 through the magnetic zone. The residual magnetic metal is transferred to the non-magnetic zone by the rotational motion, and the residual magnetic metal is then adsorbed in turn by the magnetic adsorption of the permanent magnet roller 41 to complete the secondary capture.

[0050] The non-magnetic area of ​​the auxiliary roller 51 corresponds to the vertical falling path of the material that is not adsorbed by the permanent magnet roller 41, and the area of ​​the auxiliary roller 51 other than the non-magnetic area is the magnetic area. The auxiliary roller 51 includes a magnetic element 512 and a fixing frame 511 for connecting the magnetic element 512. There are multiple magnetic elements 512, all of which are located in the magnetic area of ​​the auxiliary roller 51.

[0051] The transition frame 42 is provided with a limiting ring 421, which is rotatably connected to the rotating sleeve 52. The fixing frame 511 of the auxiliary roller 51 is connected to one side of the transition frame 42, and the other side of the transition frame 42 is rotatably connected to the rotating sleeve 52. The end of the rotating sleeve 52 connected to the transition frame 42 is provided with a transmission wheel set 53, which realizes the synchronous rotation of the permanent magnet roller 41 and the auxiliary roller 51 through the transmission wheel set 53.

[0052] The rotating sleeve 52 is provided with mounting holes 521 for placing the fixing bracket 511. The transmission wheel set 53 includes a driving wheel and a driven wheel. The driving wheel is coaxially connected to the permanent magnet roller 41, and the driven wheel is coaxially connected to the rotating sleeve 52. The transmission wheel can be a gear set, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel mesh with each other.

[0053] The fixing frame 511 of the auxiliary roller 51 is detachably connected to the transition piece, which facilitates maintenance and replacement. The fixing frame 511 is installed on the transition piece and will not rotate, ensuring that the non-magnetic position of the auxiliary roller 51 always corresponds to the permanent magnet roller 41. The rotating part is guaranteed to rotate stably by the limiting ring 421. The end of the rotating sleeve 52 near the transmission wheel set 53 can be provided with a closed end face. The transmission wheel set 53 can drive the rotating sleeve 52 through this end face. The mounting hole 521 can be set on the end face. The mounting hole 521 can provide support for the fixing frame 511 without affecting the rotation of the rotating sleeve 52 itself.

[0054] The outer surface of the rotating sleeve 52 may be provided with guide grooves. The guide grooves are arranged in a herringbone shape along the surface of the rotating sleeve 52. The guide grooves can disperse the concentrated waste battery particles to both sides, preventing the waste battery particles from accumulating when entering the second sorting component 6, and ensuring the normal operation of the second sorting component 6. The dense mixture of magnetic metal and other materials rotates with the rotating sleeve 52 in the auxiliary sorting component 5, so that the dense mixture will not enter the sorting of the second sorting component 6.

[0055] As the auxiliary roller 51 continuously attracts the residual magnetic metal in the waste battery particles, the surface of the rotating sleeve 52 continuously adsorbs tiny magnetic metal particles or magnetic metal particles mixed with other substances that were not captured by the permanent magnet roller 41. These particles adsorbed on the rotating sleeve 52 will rotate with the rotating sleeve 52. When there are still too many waste battery particles accumulated on the surface of the permanent magnet roller 41, if the magnetic metal particles on the rotating sleeve 52 are not adsorbed by the permanent magnet roller 41, the auxiliary roller 51 will adsorb them again on the rotating sleeve 52 when these magnetic metals re-enter the magnetic area of ​​the auxiliary roller 51, so that the magnetic metal particles continue to rotate with the rotating sleeve 52, and absolutely no magnetic metal will be allowed to enter the second sorting component 6.

[0056] The rotating sleeve 52 adsorbs residual magnetic metal that was not separated by the permanent magnet roller 41 on its surface, and the residual metal is transferred to the adsorption area of ​​the permanent magnet roller 41 for secondary capture through rotational motion; the auxiliary roller 51 is not equipped with a magnetic component 512 near the permanent magnet roller 41. When the magnetic metal adsorbed on the rotating sleeve 52 by the auxiliary roller 51 rotates to the position closest to the permanent magnet roller 41, the magnetic metal enters the non-magnetic area of ​​the auxiliary roller 51, making it easier for the magnetic metal to detach from the rotating sleeve 52 and be adsorbed by the permanent magnet roller 41, ensuring the smooth transfer of magnetic metal.

[0057] When the permanent magnet roller 41 of the first sorting component 4 has not completely separated the magnetic metal from the waste battery particles, the waste battery particles mixed with residual magnetic metal are conveyed from the first sorting component 4 to the second sorting component 6. The auxiliary roller 51 adsorbs the unseparated magnetic metal onto the rotating sleeve 52. These magnetic metals follow the rotation of the rotating sleeve 52, thereby bringing the magnetic metals back close to the permanent magnet roller 41. When the magnetic metals enter the influence range of the permanent magnet roller 41, they enter the non-magnetic area of ​​the auxiliary roller 51 along with the rotating sleeve 52. At this time, the magnetic metals are not adsorbed onto the rotating sleeve 52, but are attracted by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet roller 41. The auxiliary roller 51 then sends the magnetic metals that were not sorted by the first sorting component 4 back into the first sorting component 4, assisting the first sorting component 4 in completing the separation of magnetic metals and preventing the magnetic metals from entering the second sorting component 6 and affecting the separation of non-magnetic metals and non-metals.

[0058] like Figure 10 As shown, when magnetic metal enters the first sorting component 4, it accumulates. The permanent magnet roller 41 cannot adsorb all the magnetic metal. The permanent magnet roller 41 adsorbs most of the magnetic metal, and as it rotates, the metal is moved below it. The scraper plate 45 separates the magnetic metal from the permanent magnet roller 41. The remaining magnetic metal that was not adsorbed by the permanent magnet roller 41 is conveyed to the auxiliary sorting component 5 by the separating bar 44. When the remaining magnetic metal passes through the magnetic area of ​​the auxiliary roller 51, it is attracted by the magnetic field of the auxiliary roller 51. The magnetic metal is attracted by the magnetic element 512, adsorbed onto the rotating sleeve 52, and rotates with the rotating sleeve 52 until the remaining magnetic metal approaches the permanent magnet roller 41 again and passes through the non-magnetic area of ​​the auxiliary roller 51. The remaining magnetic metal is then adsorbed by the permanent magnet roller 41 again. If it is not adsorbed by the permanent magnet roller 41 again, the remaining magnetic metal will be adsorbed by the auxiliary roller 51 again onto the rotating sleeve 52 and rotate with it, bringing the magnetic metal closer to the permanent magnet roller 41 again, until all the magnetic metal is adsorbed and separated by the permanent magnet roller 41, thus completing the complete separation of the magnetic metal.

[0059] In this embodiment, by using an auxiliary roller 51 with a non-magnetic section and a rotatable sleeve in the auxiliary component, the surface of the rotating sleeve 52 continuously adsorbs magnetic metal particles that are not captured by the permanent magnet roller 41. When the rotating sleeve 52 carrying magnetic metal moves to a position close to the permanent magnet roller 41, it enters the non-magnetic area of ​​the auxiliary roller 51. The magnetic metal particles lose their binding and complete the relay adsorption under the action of the strong magnetic field of the permanent magnet roller 41, forming a circulating replenishment channel for magnetic metal. This compensates for the omissions of the first-stage magnetic separation of the first sorting component 4 and eliminates the possibility of magnetic impurities mixing into the eddy current region. It also improves the sorting efficiency of the second sorting component 6 and improves the product quality of the recycling device.

[0060] Example 3 Based on the above embodiments, a method for comprehensive heavy metal recycling of waste batteries using a recycling device includes the following steps: S01. Pretreatment: Eliminate residual battery charge through inert gas or resistor discharge to prevent short circuit and fire during subsequent processing.

[0061] S02, Crushing: The discharged waste batteries are crushed by crushing component 1.

[0062] S03, spreading: The crushed waste battery particles fall onto the conveyor belt 22, and the spreading component 3 spreads the waste battery particles evenly. The detection seat 24 detects the height of the waste battery particles in the frame 21. When the waste battery particles are piled up too high, the feeding rate of the crushing component 1 is reduced.

[0063] S04, Primary sorting: The flattened waste battery particles are conveyed to the first sorting component 4, where the permanent magnet roller 41 sorts the magnetic metals.

[0064] S05, Primary sorting assistance: After the magnetic metal is separated, the remaining waste battery particles are sorted again by the auxiliary sorting component 5. The auxiliary roller 51 and the rotating sleeve 52 adsorb the magnetic metal that was not separated by the first sorting component 4 and drive it to approach the first sorting component 4 again to complete the re-capture of the magnetic metal and make the magnetic metal completely separated.

[0065] S06, Secondary sorting: Waste battery particles with completely removed magnetic metals are transported to the second sorting component 6. By inducing eddy currents through a changing magnetic field, non-magnetic conductive particles are deflected, thereby performing the sorting operation for non-magnetic metals.

[0066] S07. Collection: Collect the sorted magnetic metals, non-magnetic metals, and non-metallic substances separately, and then implement targeted treatment measures according to the characteristics of each type of substance.

[0067] In step S02, the discharged waste batteries are placed into the fixed cover 12 during crushing; then the drive motor 14 is started, and the drive motor 14 drives the two sets of crushing shafts 13 to rotate in opposite directions through the connecting gear 15. The two sets of crushing shafts 13 crush the waste batteries into granules.

[0068] In step S03, the rotating roller 23 drives the conveyor belt 22 to run, and the driving component 36 causes the adjusting rod 32 to rotate, so that the spreading frame 35 rises and falls vertically along the vertical rod 33, adjusting the gap between the bottom of the spreading frame 35 and the conveyor belt 22; the spreading frame 35, in conjunction with the movement of the conveyor belt 22, realizes the longitudinal spreading and lateral dispersion of the waste battery particles at the top of the conveyor belt 22, ensuring the uniformity of the material layer thickness; the infrared transmitter 241 and infrared receiver 242 on the detection seat 24 can detect the height of the waste battery particles in the frame 21 in real time; when the particle height is close to or exceeds the set value, the infrared receiver 242 will transmit the signal to the information acquisition module in the control box 25, thereby triggering the control module to reduce the feeding rate of the crushing component 1.

[0069] In step S04, waste battery particles fall onto the surface of permanent magnet roller 41 through transition plate 43; magnetic metal particles are adsorbed onto the surface of permanent magnet roller 41 under the action of magnetic field force, and magnetic metal particles are peeled off when they rotate to the scraper plate 45 position as permanent magnet roller 41 rotates and fall into the designated position; non-magnetic particles slide down the isosceles triangular inclined plane of the dividing bar 44 into the area of ​​auxiliary sorting component 5.

[0070] In step S05, when the waste battery particles enter the magnetic area of ​​the auxiliary roller 51, the auxiliary roller 51 adsorbs the magnetic metal that has not been separated from the permanent magnet roller 41 onto the rotating sleeve 52. The transmission wheel set 53 provides power through the permanent magnet roller 41, driving the rotating sleeve 52 to rotate. The rotating sleeve 52 drives the magnetic metal on its surface to rotate until the magnetic metal enters the non-magnetic area of ​​the auxiliary roller 51 and is affected by the magnetic field of the permanent magnet roller 41, moves towards the permanent magnet roller 41 and attaches to the permanent magnet roller 41, and is peeled off to the designated position by the scraper plate 45 in step S04; thus achieving complete separation of the magnetic metal in the waste battery particles.

[0071] In step S06, the waste battery particles after the magnetic metal has been removed fall onto the conveyor belt 65, and the drive roller 64 drives the conveyor belt 65 to move; the conveyor belt 65 moves the waste battery particles; the sorting roller 61 drives the permanent magnets 611 with their magnetic poles facing each other to rotate, forming an alternating magnetic field region; the magnetic outer cylinder 63 conducts the magnetic field to the surface of the conveyor belt 65, and the non-magnetic metal particles generate eddy currents in the alternating magnetic field, and are deflected by the Lorentz force opposite to the direction of movement, so that the non-magnetic metal jumps over the baffle plate 71 and falls into the designated position; while the non-metallic particles fall into the other side of the baffle plate 71; the drive cylinder 75 drives the sliding frame 72 to move horizontally along the guide frame 73 through the connecting seat 74, and drives the baffle plate 71 to adjust the gap with the conveyor belt 65 to prevent the non-magnetic particles from rebounding and overflowing.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive heavy metal recycling device for waste batteries, characterized in that, include: The first sorting component (4) includes a permanent magnet roller (41) for adsorbing magnetic metals. The auxiliary sorting component (5) is located downstream of the first sorting component (4). It includes an auxiliary roller (51) with a magnetic zone and a non-magnetic zone inside. The auxiliary roller (51) is covered with a rotating sleeve (52). The surface of the rotating sleeve (52) adsorbs residual magnetic metal that has not been separated by the permanent magnet roller (41) through the magnetic zone. The residual magnetic metal is transferred to the non-magnetic zone by the rotational motion. It also works with the magnetic adsorption of the permanent magnet roller (41) to perform relay adsorption of the residual magnetic metal and complete the secondary capture.

2. The heavy metal comprehensive recycling device for waste batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-magnetic area of ​​the auxiliary roller (51) corresponds to the vertical falling path of the material that is not adsorbed by the permanent magnet roller (41), and the area of ​​the auxiliary roller (51) other than the non-magnetic area is a magnetic area.

3. The heavy metal comprehensive recycling device for waste batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary roller (51) includes a magnetic element (512) and a fixing frame (511) for connecting the magnetic element (512). There are multiple magnetic elements (512), all of which are located in the magnetic area of ​​the auxiliary roller (51).

4. The heavy metal comprehensive recycling device for waste batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first sorting component (4) also includes a transition frame (42), the permanent magnet roller (41) is rotatably disposed in the transition frame (42), and the bottom of the transition frame (42) is provided with a material separating strip (44).

5. The heavy metal comprehensive recycling device for waste batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixed frame (511) of the auxiliary roller (51) is connected to one side of the transition frame (42), and the other side of the transition frame (42) is rotatably connected to the rotating sleeve (52). The end of the rotating sleeve (52) connected to the transition frame (42) is provided with a transmission wheel set (53).

6. The heavy metal comprehensive recycling device for waste batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second sorting component (6) located below the first sorting component (4), the second sorting component (6) including a sorting roller (61), the surface of the sorting roller (61) being provided with a ring array of permanent magnets (611) with alternating magnetic poles.

7. The heavy metal comprehensive recycling device for waste batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second sorting component (6) also includes a sorting frame (62), the sorting roller (61) is rotatably connected in the sorting frame (62), the permanent magnet (611) can rotate with the sorting roller (61), the movement of the permanent magnet (611) forms a changing magnetic field, which induces eddy currents in the non-magnetic metal in the waste battery particles, and achieves separation from non-metallic substances under the action of Lorentz force.

8. The heavy metal comprehensive recycling device for waste batteries according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: Crushing component (1) is used to crush pre-treated waste batteries; The conveying component (2), located downstream of the crushing component (1), includes a frame (21) and a conveyor belt (22) horizontally disposed within the frame (21). A spreading assembly (3) is disposed above the conveyor belt (22) and includes a liftable spreading frame (35) for spreading waste battery particles. A baffle assembly (7) is disposed outside the second sorting assembly (6), and includes a baffle plate (71) with an adjustable distance from the sorting roller (61).

9. The heavy metal comprehensive recycling device for waste batteries according to claim 8, characterized in that, The frame (21) has a detection seat (24) inside both sides. One set of the detection seats (24) has an infrared transmitter (241) on the outside and another set of the detection seats (24) has an infrared receiver (242) on the outside. The infrared receiver (242) and the infrared transmitter (241) are arranged symmetrically.

10. A method for comprehensive heavy metal recycling of waste batteries based on the recycling device described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S01. Pretreatment: Eliminate residual battery charge by discharging with inert gas or resistance. S02, Crushing: The discharged waste batteries are crushed by the crushing component (1); S03, spreading material, the spreading component (3) spreads the waste battery particles falling onto the conveyor belt (22) flat, the detection seat (24) detects the height of the waste battery particles, and when the accumulation is too high, the feeding rate of the crushing component (1) is reduced; S04, First-level sorting: The flattened waste battery particles are transported to the first sorting component (4), where the permanent magnet roller (41) sorts the magnetic metals. S05, First-level sorting assistance, the auxiliary sorting component (5) sorts the waste battery particles that have separated magnetic metals again, the auxiliary roller (51) and the rotating sleeve (52) adsorb the magnetic metals that have not been separated by the first sorting component (4) and bring the magnetic metals close to the first sorting component (4), so that the first sorting component (4) captures the magnetic metals again. S06, Secondary sorting: Waste battery particles with completely removed magnetic metals are transported to the second sorting component (6), where eddy currents are induced by changing magnetic fields to deflect non-magnetic conductive particles, thereby performing non-magnetic metal sorting. S07. Collection: Collect the sorted magnetic metals, non-magnetic metals, and non-metallic substances separately, and then implement targeted treatment measures according to the characteristics of each type of substance.

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