A household garbage reduction production line

Abstract

The application discloses a household garbage reduction production line and relates to the technical field of garbage recycling.The household garbage reduction production line comprises a pre-crushing treatment part, a sorting part and a 3D material treatment part.The pre-crushing treatment part is used for pre-crushing treatment of large-size garbage and is composed of a first conveying belt, a second conveying belt and a double-shaft pre-crusher.The double-shaft pre-crusher is composed of a crushing assembly and an abnormality treatment assembly.The crushing assembly is used for crushing treatment of garbage, and the abnormality treatment assembly is used for timely loosening of large block materials when the double-shaft pre-crusher is stuck.The sorting part is used for primary screening of the pre-crushed garbage materials.The 3D material treatment part can finely screen and effectively classify the garbage, and the classified garbage can be directly packed, so that the reduction production efficiency is effectively improved.In addition, when the garbage is crushed, the abnormality treatment when the materials are stuck is more efficient and smooth, and the machine does not need to be stopped for treatment, so that the overall efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste recycling technology, and in particular to a production line for reducing the volume of municipal solid waste. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of residents' living standards, the annual output of domestic waste in my country continues to grow. The reduction and treatment of domestic waste has become a core link in alleviating the pressure on landfill capacity, reducing transportation costs, and promoting resource utilization.

[0003] Chinese invention patent publication number CN110899308A discloses a resource utilization system for municipal solid waste, including a closed chain plate feeder, a high-pressure feed plate hammer crusher, and a first roller screen connected in sequence by conveying equipment; the first roller screen is returned to the high-pressure feed plate hammer crusher and conveyed to a first magnetic vortex separator and a negative pressure vibration separator by three conveying devices respectively; the negative pressure vibration separator is connected to a light material processing line and a heavy material processing line respectively; this invention is particularly suitable for the sorting and resource utilization of municipal solid waste, and the resource utilization production line for municipal solid waste can achieve volume reduction, resource recovery and harmless treatment of municipal solid waste in urban landfills, reducing pressure.

[0004] While the aforementioned resource utilization system for municipal solid waste provides methods for sorting and utilizing municipal solid waste, it still has the following shortcomings: The sorting and processing of waste of different particle sizes is not precise enough, the waste classification effect is not ideal, and the processed waste is not packaged, which increases transportation costs. In addition, when crushing waste, if the waste contains high-hardness metals such as steel bars, the blades may become stuck and the blade shaft may be obstructed. In this case, the crusher needs to be reversed to remove the material. However, since the blade spacing of the crusher is constant, if the material is stuck between adjacent blades, it is difficult to remove the material when reversing. In this case, the machine needs to be stopped and the high-hardness material needs to be sorted out manually. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a municipal solid waste reduction production line, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A municipal solid waste reduction production line includes a pre-crushing treatment unit for pre-crushing large-sized waste. The pre-crushing treatment unit consists of a first conveyor belt, a second conveyor belt, and a twin-shaft pre-crusher. The twin-shaft pre-crusher consists of a crushing component and an anomaly handling component. The crushing component is used to crush the waste, and the anomaly handling component is used to release large pieces of material in time when the twin-shaft pre-crusher gets stuck. A sorting unit is used for initial screening of the pre-crushed waste material. A 3D material processing unit, located at the discharge end of the sorting unit, is used for further screening and packaging the screened 3D material. A 2D material processing unit, located at the discharge end of the 3D material processing unit, is used for further screening and packaging the screened 2D material.

[0007] Furthermore, the dual-shaft pre-crusher has a pre-crusher outlet fixedly installed at the bottom, a pre-crusher inlet opened on the dual-shaft pre-crusher, and an exhaust pipe fixedly installed at the top of the dual-shaft pre-crusher.

[0008] Furthermore, the crushing assembly consists of two motors, two drive shafts, two mounting shafts, and multiple blades. The two motors are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the pre-crusher outlet. The two drive shafts are rotatably installed on the pre-crusher outlet, and the two drive shafts are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding motor output ends. The two mounting shafts are respectively fixedly installed on the corresponding drive shafts, and multiple blades are fixedly installed on each mounting shaft. The multiple blades on the two mounting shafts are staggered.

[0009] Furthermore, the mounting shaft has multiple movable slots, and a movable plate is slidably installed in each movable slot. A spring is installed between each end of the movable plate and the corresponding movable slot. A fixing ring that is sealed and slidably fitted with the mounting shaft is fixedly installed on each movable plate, and each fixing ring is fixedly connected to the corresponding blade. The height of the fixing ring is greater than the width of the movable slot.

[0010] Furthermore, the abnormal handling component consists of a top ring, a fixed block, a lead screw, a damping bearing, a fixed gear ring, and a drive gear ring. The drive gear ring is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft, the lead screw is rotatably mounted inside the pre-crusher outlet, the fixed gear ring is mounted on the lead screw via the damping bearing, the fixed block is threadedly connected to the lead screw, and the top ring is fixedly mounted on the fixed block, with the top ring and the mounting shaft in a sealed sliding connection.

[0011] Furthermore, the mounting shaft has multiple spray holes on its side wall, and the spray holes are perpendicular to the moving groove. The mounting shaft has two air chambers, and the two air chambers are connected by two air channels, which are respectively connected to the corresponding multiple spray holes.

[0012] Furthermore, an annular cavity is provided inside the outlet of the pre-crusher, and a piston ring is slidably installed in the annular cavity. Two push rods are fixedly installed between the piston ring and the top ring, and both push rods are slidably engaged with the outlet of the pre-crusher. A transfer ring is fixedly installed inside the outlet of the pre-crusher, and the transfer ring is rotatably connected to the drive shaft. A one-way air supply pipe is fixedly connected between the transfer ring and the annular cavity, and an air intake assembly is installed between the transfer ring and the air chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, the air intake assembly consists of an annular groove, a connecting ring, and multiple connecting pipes. The annular groove is formed on the transfer ring, the connecting ring is rotatably and sealingly mounted on the annular groove, and the multiple connecting pipes are all connected between the air chamber and the connecting ring.

[0014] Furthermore, a one-way air inlet is provided on the side wall of the pre-crusher outlet, which communicates with the annular cavity.

[0015] The beneficial effects are as follows: 1. By coordinating the sorting section and the 3D material processing section, impurities and magnetic substances in the waste can be separated first, and then the waste can be sorted into 3D materials and 2D materials. This facilitates better processing of different materials in the future, effectively improves the accuracy of waste sorting, and makes it easier to classify and process waste.

[0016] 2: By coordinating the 3D material processing department and the 2D material processing department, the processed 3D materials and 2D materials can be packaged separately, which not only ensures the classification effect of waste, but also eliminates the need for additional waste transfer and processing, thereby improving the overall reduction production efficiency.

[0017] 3: The combination of the fixed ring, the moving plate and the moving groove allows for a certain amount of movement space between adjacent blades. Therefore, when material gets stuck, the gap between the blades can be changed to make it easier for the material to be pushed out or fall between the blades, thus improving the abnormal handling efficiency of the twin-shaft pre-crusher.

[0018] 4. Through the design of the abnormal handling component, when the twin-shaft pre-crusher reverses due to material jamming, the restriction on the blade position can be automatically released, allowing the blade to move adaptively on the mounting shaft according to the material extrusion effect, making it easier to remove the material without stopping the machine, thus effectively improving the overall efficiency.

[0019] 5: Through the cooperation of the nozzle and the fixed ring, when the material is reversed and ejected, the operation of the abnormal treatment component can automatically spray high-pressure gas outward from the point where the blade is squeezed and moved. This airflow can be used to clean the cutter shaft and blades, reducing the possibility of impurities adhering to them and ensuring the subsequent crushing effect to a certain extent. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a municipal solid waste reduction production line proposed in this invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of the medium-duty twin-shaft pre-crusher; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at the outlet of the intermediate pre-crusher; Figure 4 for Figure 3 The front view; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of surface AA; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of part a; Figure 7 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle BB surface; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram of part b in the middle; Figure 9 for Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at one of the drive shafts; Figure 10 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of multiple blades; Figure 11 for Figure 10 An enlarged structural diagram of one of the blades; Figure 12 for Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram of the middle drive shaft structure; Figure 13 for Figure 12 Exploded view of the structure at the top ring; Figure 14 for Figure 12 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at the transfer ring.

[0021] In the diagram: 1 First conveyor belt, 2 Twin-shaft pre-crusher, 3 Second conveyor belt, 4 Drum sorting screen, 5 Third conveyor belt, 6 Fourth conveyor belt, 7 Collection box, 8 Magnetic separation conveyor belt, 9 Cross-span magnetic separator, 10 3D material sorter, 11 Fifth conveyor belt, 12 Sixth conveyor belt, 13 Vibration treatment device, 14 First kitchen waste separator, 15 Seventh conveyor belt, 16 Eighth conveyor belt, 17 Separation sedimentation tank, 18 First material buffer bin, 19 Second material buffer bin, 20 Ninth conveyor belt, 21 Tenth conveyor belt, 22 Eleventh conveyor belt, 23 Twelfth conveyor belt, 24 First material baler, 25 Thirteenth conveyor belt, 26 Second kitchen waste separator, 27 Fourteenth conveyor belt, 28 Second material baler; 201 Pre-crusher inlet, 202 Pre-crusher outlet, 203 Exhaust pipe, 204 Drive shaft, 205 Mounting shaft, 206 Blade, 207 Fixing ring, 208 Moving groove, 209 Moving plate, 210 Spring, 211 Mounting groove, 212 Top ring, 213 Fixing block, 214 Lead screw, 215 Damping bearing, 216 Fixing gear ring, 217 Drive gear ring, 218 Spray hole, 219 Air chamber, 220 Air passage, 221 Annular cavity, 222 Push rod, 223 Piston ring, 224 Transfer ring, 225 One-way air supply pipe, 226 Annular groove, 227 Connecting ring, 228 Connecting pipe, 229 One-way air inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Reference Figure 1 A municipal solid waste reduction production line includes a pre-crushing treatment unit for pre-crushing large-sized waste. The pre-crushing treatment unit consists of a first conveyor belt 1, a second conveyor belt 3, and a twin-shaft pre-crusher 2. The discharge end of the first conveyor belt 1 is connected to the feed end of the twin-shaft pre-crusher 2, and the second conveyor belt 3 is connected to the discharge end of the twin-shaft pre-crusher 2. The municipal solid waste is fed into the twin-shaft pre-crusher 2 through the first conveyor belt 1. The twin-shaft pre-crusher 2 pre-crushes the municipal solid waste to form loose material of 80-120mm to facilitate subsequent processing. The crushed material falls onto the second conveyor belt 3 and is transported to the next process.

[0023] The sorting section is used to perform initial screening of pre-crushed waste materials. The sorting section consists of a drum sorting screen 4, a third conveyor belt 5, a fourth conveyor belt 6, a collection box 7, a magnetic separation conveyor belt 8, and a cross-magnetic separator 9. The feed end of the drum separator 4 is connected to the discharge end of the second conveyor belt 3. The third conveyor belt 5 is located at the bottom of the drum separator 4, the fourth conveyor belt 6 is located at the discharge end of the third conveyor belt 5, the collection box 7 is located at the discharge end of the fourth conveyor belt 6, and the magnetic separation conveyor belt 8 is located at the discharge end of the drum separator 4. The cross-magnetic separator 9 is connected to the magnetic separation conveyor belt 8. The material falling on the second conveyor belt 3 enters the drum separator 4. The impurities in the material fall onto the third conveyor belt 5 below after being screened by the drum separator 4. The material after being screened by the drum separator 4 falls onto the magnetic separation conveyor belt 8. When this part of the material is conveyed by the magnetic separation conveyor belt 8 and passes through the cross-magnetic separator 9, the magnetic substances in it are adsorbed by the cross-magnetic separator 9. After screening for a period of time, the third conveyor belt 5 and the fourth conveyor belt 6 are started to transport the impurities to the collection box 7 for storage.

[0024] The 3D material processing unit, located at the discharge end of the sorting unit, is used to further screen and package the screened 3D materials. The 3D material processing unit consists of a 3D material sorter 10, a fifth conveyor belt 11, a sixth conveyor belt 12, a vibration treatment device 13, and a pneumatic conveying assembly. The 3D material sorter 10 is located at the discharge end of the magnetic separation conveyor belt 8, the fifth conveyor belt 11 is located at the upper discharge end of the 3D material sorter 10, the sixth conveyor belt 12 is located at the lower discharge end of the 3D material sorter 10, and the vibration treatment device 13 is located at the discharge end of the fifth conveyor belt 11. After screening and magnetic attraction, the material flows along the magnetic separation conveyor belt 8... The material is moved into the 3D material sorter 10. The 3D material falls from the discharge end of the 3D material sorter 10 onto the fifth conveyor belt 11, and then is conveyed by the fifth conveyor belt 11 to the vibration processing device 13. The vibration processing device 13 consists of a vibrating conveyor and an AI intelligent sorter. The vibrating conveyor is located at the discharge end of the fifth conveyor belt 11 and is used to evenly spread the 3D material after being sorted by the 3D material sorter 10 and convey it to the AI ​​intelligent sorter. The AI ​​intelligent sorter is located at the discharge end of the vibrating conveyor and is used to separate the material evenly spread by the vibrating conveyor from high-value materials and other materials.

[0025] One end of the third conveyor belt 5 extends to the lower end of the 3D material sorter 10. When the 3D material sorter 10 screens 3D and 2D materials, the impurities also fall onto the third conveyor belt 5. When the third conveyor belt 5 starts, these impurities can be sent to the collection box 7 for storage.

[0026] The pneumatic conveying assembly consists of a first high-pressure blower, a second high-pressure blower, a first pneumatic conveying hopper, and a second pneumatic conveying hopper. Both the first and second high-pressure blowers are located at the bottom of the vibration treatment device 13. The first high-pressure blower is located at the bottom of the AI ​​intelligent sorting machine and is used to provide airflow to blow the materials sorted by the AI ​​intelligent sorting machine. The first pneumatic conveying hopper is connected to the air outlet of the first high-pressure blower and is used to receive the materials sorted by the AI ​​intelligent sorting machine and convey the materials through the air duct. The second high-pressure blower is located at the bottom of the AI ​​intelligent sorting machine and is used to provide air force to blow the materials sorted by the AI ​​intelligent sorting machine. The second air conveying hopper is connected to the air outlet of the second high-pressure blower and is used to receive the materials sorted by the AI ​​intelligent sorting machine and transport the materials through the air duct. The air duct is not shown in the figure. It is an existing product, and its working principle and specific structure will not be described here.

[0027] The 2D material processing unit is located at the discharge end of the 3D material processing unit and is used to further screen and package the screened 2D materials. The 2D material processing unit consists of a first processing unit and a second processing unit. The first processing unit consists of a first kitchen waste separator 14, a seventh conveyor belt 15, an eighth conveyor belt 16, a separation sedimentation tank 17, a first material buffer bin 18, a second material buffer bin 19, a ninth conveyor belt 20, a tenth conveyor belt 21, an eleventh conveyor belt 22, a twelfth conveyor belt 23, and a first material baler 24. The first food waste separator 14 is located at the discharge end of the sixth conveyor belt 12, the seventh conveyor belt 15 is located at the discharge end of the first food waste separator 14, the eighth conveyor belt 16 is located at the discharge end of the seventh conveyor belt 15, and the separation sedimentation tank 17 is located at the discharge end of the eighth conveyor belt 16. The 2D material after being sorted by the 3D material sorter 10 enters the first food waste separator 14 through the sixth conveyor belt 12 to further remove mud and sand impurities from the surface of the material sorted by the 3D material sorter 10. The processed material enters the separation sedimentation tank 17 through the seventh conveyor belt 15 and the eighth conveyor belt 16 to clean the 2D material processed by the first food waste separator 14 and separate and precipitate residual impurities.

[0028] The first material buffer bin 18 is connected to the first pneumatic collection hopper, and the second material buffer bin 19 is connected to the second pneumatic collection hopper. The ninth conveyor belt 20 is located at the discharge end of the first material buffer bin 18, the tenth conveyor belt 21 is located at the discharge end of the second material buffer bin 19, the eleventh conveyor belt 22 cooperates with the ninth conveyor belt 20 and the tenth conveyor belt 21, the twelfth conveyor belt 23 is located at the discharge end of the eleventh conveyor belt 22, and the first material baler 24 is located at the discharge end of the twelfth conveyor belt 23. After being sorted by the AI ​​intelligent sorting machine, the 3D materials are divided into high-value materials and other materials. The high-value materials are sent to the first material buffer bin 18 for storage through the air duct of the first pneumatic collection hopper, while the other materials are sent to the second pneumatic collection hopper through the air duct. The high-value materials are sent to the second material buffer bin 19 for storage. When the high-value materials in the first material buffer bin 18 reach a certain quantity, the discharge end of the first material buffer bin 18 and the ninth conveyor belt 20, eleventh conveyor belt 22 and twelfth conveyor belt 23 are opened to send the high-value materials to the first material baler 24 for baling. When the other materials in the second material buffer bin 19 reach a certain quantity, the discharge end of the second material buffer bin 19 and the tenth conveyor belt 21, eleventh conveyor belt 22 and twelfth conveyor belt 23 are opened to send the other materials to the first material baler 24 for baling. During the baling process, the ninth conveyor belt 20 and the tenth conveyor belt 21 cannot run at the same time to avoid confusion between high-value materials and other materials.

[0029] The second processing unit consists of a thirteenth conveyor belt 25, a second food waste separator 26, a fourteenth conveyor belt 27, and a second material baler 28. The thirteenth conveyor belt 25 is located at the bottom discharge end of the separation sedimentation tank 17, the second food waste separator 26 is located at the discharge end of the thirteenth conveyor belt 25, the fourteenth conveyor belt 27 is located at the discharge end of the second food waste separator 26, and the second material baler 28 is located at the discharge end of the fourteenth conveyor belt 27. The material processed by the separation sedimentation tank 17 falls onto the thirteenth conveyor belt 25 from the discharge end, and then enters the second food waste separator 26 to further remove impurities. The processed material then enters the second material baler 28 through the fourteenth conveyor belt 27 for baling.

[0030] The aforementioned 3D materials refer to waste with a clear three-dimensional structure, a large volume ratio, and relatively high compressive strength, such as plastic bottles, clumps of kitchen waste, small discarded household appliance shells, paper packaging boxes, and aluminum cans; 2D materials refer to waste that is flat, flexible, and has a small volume ratio, such as plastic bags, waste paper, clothing fragments, plastic film, and woven bags.

[0031] The first conveyor belt 1, the second conveyor belt 3, the drum sorting screen 4, the third conveyor belt 5, the fourth conveyor belt 6, the magnetic separation conveyor belt 8, the transverse magnetic separator 9, the 3D material sorting machine 10, the fifth conveyor belt 11, the sixth conveyor belt 12, the vibrating conveyor, the AI ​​intelligent sorting machine, the first kitchen waste separator 14, the seventh conveyor belt 15, the eighth conveyor belt 16, the separation sedimentation tank 17, the first high-pressure blower, the second high-pressure blower, the first pneumatic collection hopper, the second pneumatic collection hopper, the ninth conveyor belt 20, the tenth conveyor belt 21, the eleventh conveyor belt 22, the twelfth conveyor belt 23, the first material baler 24, the thirteenth conveyor belt 25, the second kitchen waste separator 26, the fourteenth conveyor belt 27, and the second material baler 28 mentioned above are all existing products, and their working principles and specific structures will not be described here.

[0032] Reference Figures 1-14 A municipal solid waste reduction production line includes a dual-shaft pre-crusher 2, which consists of a crushing component and an abnormal handling component. The crushing component is used to crush the waste. The dual-shaft pre-crusher 2 has a pre-crusher outlet 202 fixedly installed at the bottom and a pre-crusher inlet 201 opened on the dual-shaft pre-crusher 2. The pre-crusher inlet 201 is matched with the first conveyor belt 1, and the pre-crusher outlet 202 is matched with the second conveyor belt 3.

[0033] The crushing assembly consists of two motors, two drive shafts 204, two mounting shafts 205, and multiple blades 206. The two motors are fixedly mounted at both ends of the pre-crusher outlet 202. Both drive shafts 204 are rotatably mounted on the pre-crusher outlet 202 and are fixedly connected to the output ends of their respective motors. The two mounting shafts 205 are fixedly mounted on their corresponding drive shafts 204, and multiple blades 206 are fixedly mounted on each mounting shaft 204. The blades 206 on the two mounting shafts 204 are staggered. The two motors... The rotation in opposite directions causes the two drive shafts 204 to drive the corresponding mounting shafts 205 to rotate in opposite directions, thereby causing the multiple blades 206 to rotate in opposite directions. When the multiple blades 206 rotate from top to bottom relative to the center position, they pull the material from the top to the middle, thereby achieving the shearing process of the material. When the material is stuck, the two motors cause the multiple blades 206 to rotate from bottom to top relative to the center position, thus pushing the material between them outward. The motor can be a servo motor of model 130ST-M05025LFB.

[0034] The mounting shaft 205 has multiple movable slots 208, and each movable slot 208 has a movable plate 209 slidably installed in it. Each movable plate 209 has a spring 210 installed between its two ends and the corresponding movable slot 208. Each movable plate 209 has a fixed ring 207 that is in a sealing sliding fit with the mounting shaft 205, and each fixed ring 207 is fixedly connected to the corresponding blade 206. The height of the fixed ring 207 is greater than the width of the movable slot 208. The advantage of this size design is that it can always ensure the shielding effect of the fixed ring 207 on the movable slot 208, preventing the possibility of garbage entering the movable slot 208.

[0035] The retaining ring 207 provides an installation position for the blade 206. Specifically, the connection with the blade 206 can be fixed with bolts. The cooperation between the moving plate 209 and the moving groove 208 allows the retaining ring 207 to slide on the mounting shaft 205, thereby providing a certain amount of movement space between adjacent blades 206. Therefore, when the material is stuck, the gap between the blades 206 can be changed to make the material easier to push out. The elastic force of the spring 210 can maintain the stability of the blade 206 spacing when the extrusion force exerted by the material on the blades 206 is small.

[0036] The fault handling component is used to promptly release large pieces of material when the twin-shaft pre-crusher 2 is jammed. The component consists of a top ring 212, a fixing block 213, a lead screw 214, a damping bearing 215, a fixing gear ring 216, and a drive gear ring 217. The drive gear ring 217 is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 204. The lead screw 214 is rotatably mounted inside the pre-crusher outlet 202. The fixing gear ring 216 is mounted on the lead screw 214 via the damping bearing 215. The fixing block 213 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 214. The top ring 212 is fixedly mounted on the fixing block 213, and the top ring 212 is in a sealed sliding connection with the mounting shaft 205. When material jams and the motor rotates in the reverse direction, the drive gear ring 217 on the drive shaft 204 rotates simultaneously, carrying... The moving fixed gear ring 216 rotates synchronously. At this time, the cooperation between the screw 214 and the fixed block 213 causes the top ring 212 to move away from the fixed ring 207. At this time, the multiple fixed rings 207 are in a loose state on the mounting shaft 205. At this time, the multiple blades 206 can be moved adaptively on the mounting shaft 205 according to the squeezing effect of the material on the blades 206, so that the stuck material is easier to push out. At the same time, if the spacing between adjacent blades 206 increases, the stuck material can fall more easily from between the blades 206. Especially for high hardness metal materials, repeated forward and reverse rotations sometimes cannot effectively break them. Therefore, increasing the spacing between blades 206 allows them to fall naturally and then be sorted out by the transverse magnetic separator 9. When the motor rotates in the forward direction, causing the blades 206 to continue shearing and crushing the material, the cooperation between the lead screw 214 and the fixed block 213 keeps the top ring 212 and the fixed ring 207 in contact and fixed on the mounting shaft 205. This ensures the fixation of multiple blades 206 on the mounting shaft 205 during the crushing process. The design of the damping bearing 215 ensures that after the top ring 212 moves into place, the lead screw 214 does not rotate with the rotation of the fixed gear ring 216, but still ensures the positioning effect of the top ring 212 on the fixed ring 207.

[0037] The top of the dual-shaft pre-crusher 2 is equipped with an exhaust pipe 203 for discharging gas from the waste. The pre-crusher outlet 202 has an installation groove 211 corresponding to the position of the fixed gear ring 216.

[0038] To reduce the impact of axial force on the damping bearing 215 and improve its service life, a damping bearing with "radial + axial composite load" (such as a combined damping bearing with a thrust ball bearing) should be selected first. Its built-in thrust structure can directly bear the axial force, avoiding the damping elements (such as rubber and oil film) from bearing additional axial load. At the same time, an axial elastic buffer (such as a disc spring or polyurethane gasket) can be installed between the lead screw 214 and the damping bearing 215 to absorb instantaneous axial force (such as the impact axial force when foreign objects are stuck) by elastic deformation, and avoid the force being directly transmitted to the damping bearing.

[0039] Multiple nozzles 218 are provided on the side wall of the mounting shaft 205, and the nozzles 218 are perpendicular to the moving groove 208. Two air chambers 219 are provided inside the mounting shaft 205, and two air passages 220 are connected between the two air chambers 219. The two air passages 220 are respectively connected to the corresponding multiple nozzles 218. When the multiple blades 206 are locked, the multiple fixing rings 207 fit tightly together, which can effectively shield the multiple nozzles 218, thereby preventing impurities from entering the nozzles 218 during the crushing of waste.

[0040] An annular cavity 221 is provided inside the pre-crusher outlet 202, and a piston ring 223 is slidably installed in the annular cavity 221. Two push rods 222 are fixedly installed between the piston ring 223 and the top ring 212, and both push rods 222 are slidably engaged with the pre-crusher outlet 202. A transfer ring 224 is fixedly installed inside the pre-crusher outlet 202, and the transfer ring 224 is rotatably connected to the drive shaft 204. A one-way air supply pipe 225 is fixedly connected between the transfer ring 224 and the annular cavity 221. An air inlet assembly is installed between the transfer ring 224 and the air chamber 219. When the top ring 212 moves away from the blade 206 (i.e., during reverse material retraction), the push rods 222 on the top ring 212 drive the piston ring 223 to move away from the annular cavity 221. As the blade 206 moves away from the direction of the blade, the pressure inside the annular cavity 221 increases. Gas enters the transfer ring 224 through the one-way gas delivery pipe 225, and then enters the gas chamber 219 through the air intake assembly, which increases the pressure inside the air passage 220. Since the positions of multiple blades 206 can be moved, when the material compresses the blade 206 and causes it to move, the corresponding fixing ring 207 moves away from the front end of the corresponding nozzle 218. At this time, high-pressure gas can be ejected through the corresponding nozzle 218 to spray gas at the blockage location, which helps to blow away some of the impurities attached to the fixing ring 207 or the blade 206, improves the cleanliness of the blade 206 and the fixing ring 207, and to a certain extent ensures the subsequent crushing effect. Furthermore, by adjusting the number and angle of the nozzles 218, the jetting effect can be controlled. For example, multiple nozzles 218 can be set at the fixing ring 207 and distributed in a spiral direction on the mounting shaft 205. The size of the piston ring 223 and the annular cavity 221 can be enlarged. When the piston ring 223 moves in the annular cavity 221, the pressure change inside the air passage 220 increases. When the fixing ring 207 moves and the corresponding nozzle 218 is opened, the pressure of the gas ejected from it increases. Therefore, a greater blowing force can be applied to the garbage located in the corresponding position, thereby effectively improving the jetting cleaning effect.

[0041] A one-way air inlet 229 communicating with the annular cavity 221 is provided on the side wall of the pre-crusher outlet 202. After the material is unloaded, the forward rotation of the drive shaft 204 causes the top ring 212 to move closer to the blade 206. At this time, the piston ring 223 moves closer to the blade 206 in the annular cavity 221. Then, the external gas can enter the annular cavity 221 through the one-way air inlet 229 to compensate for the constant internal air pressure. The one-way air inlet 229 and the one-way air supply pipe 225 are both equipped with a "one-way valve" structure to control the airflow direction. The "one-way valve" structure is existing technology, and its working principle and specific structure will not be described here.

[0042] The intake assembly consists of an annular groove 226, a connecting ring 227, and multiple connecting pipes 228. The annular groove 226 is formed on the transfer ring 224, and the connecting ring 227 is rotatably and sealingly mounted on the annular groove 226. The multiple connecting pipes 228 are all connected between the air chamber 219 and the connecting ring 227. The design of the connecting ring 227 and the annular groove 226 is to ensure that the mounting shaft 205 can rotate normally while ensuring the connection effect between the connecting pipes 228 and the transfer ring 224.

[0043] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A production line for reducing the volume of municipal solid waste, characterized in that, include: The pre-crushing processing unit is used to pre-crush large-sized waste. The pre-crushing processing unit consists of a first conveyor belt (1), a second conveyor belt (3), and a twin-shaft pre-crusher (2). The twin-shaft pre-crusher (2) consists of a crushing component and an abnormal handling component. The crushing component is used to crush the waste, and the abnormal handling component is used to release large pieces of material in time when the twin-shaft pre-crusher (2) gets stuck. The sorting unit is used to perform initial screening of the pre-crushed waste material. The 3D material processing unit is located at the discharge end of the sorting unit and is used to further screen and package the screened 3D material. The 2D material processing unit is located at the discharge end of the 3D material processing unit and is used to further screen and package the screened 2D material. The dual-shaft pre-crusher (2) has a pre-crusher outlet (202) fixedly installed at the bottom, a pre-crusher inlet (201) opened on the dual-shaft pre-crusher (2), and an exhaust pipe (203) fixedly installed on the top of the dual-shaft pre-crusher (2). The crushing component consists of two motors, two drive shafts (204), two mounting shafts (205), and multiple blades (206). The two drive shafts (204) are fixedly connected to the output ends of the corresponding motors, and the two mounting shafts (205) are fixedly installed on the corresponding drive shafts (204). Multiple blades (206) are fixedly installed on each mounting shaft (205), and the multiple blades (206) on the two mounting shafts (205) are staggered. The mounting shaft (205) is provided with multiple moving slots (208), and a moving plate (209) is slidably installed in each moving slot (208). A spring (210) is installed between each end of the moving plate (209) and the corresponding moving slot (208). A fixing ring (207) is fixedly installed on each moving plate (209) and is in a sealing sliding fit with the mounting shaft (205). Each fixing ring (207) is fixedly connected to the corresponding blade (206). The height of the fixing ring (207) is greater than the width of the moving slot (208). The abnormal handling component consists of a top ring (212), a fixing block (213), a lead screw (214), a damping bearing (215), a fixed gear ring (216), and a drive gear ring (217). The drive gear ring (217) is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft (204). The lead screw (214) is rotatably mounted inside the pre-crusher outlet (202). The fixed gear ring (216) is mounted on the lead screw (214) through the damping bearing (215). The fixing block (213) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (214). The top ring (212) is fixedly mounted on the fixing block (213), and the top ring (212) is in a sealed sliding connection with the mounting shaft (205). When the material gets stuck and the motor rotates in the opposite direction, the drive gear ring (217) on the drive shaft (204) rotates with the drive shaft (204) and drives the fixed gear ring (216) to rotate synchronously. The lead screw (214) cooperates with the fixed block (213) to make the top ring (212) move away from the fixed ring (207), so that the multiple fixed rings (207) are in a loose state on the mounting shaft (205), so that the multiple blades (206) can move adaptively on the mounting shaft (205) according to the extrusion of the material and change the distance between adjacent blades (206). When the motor rotates in the forward direction, the lead screw (214) cooperates with the fixed block (213) to make the top ring (212) and the fixed ring (207) stick together, so as to keep the fixed ring (207) and the corresponding blade (206) fixed on the mounting shaft (205); The mounting shaft (205) has multiple spray holes (218) on its side wall, and the spray holes (218) are perpendicular to the moving groove (208). The mounting shaft (205) has two air chambers (219) inside, and the two air chambers (219) are connected by two air passages (220), and the two air passages (220) are respectively connected to the corresponding multiple spray holes (218). When the positions of the multiple blades (206) are locked, the multiple retaining rings (207) are attached to each other and cover the corresponding nozzles (218); when the material is squeezed and the blades (206) and the corresponding retaining rings (207) move, the retaining rings (207) are moved away from the front end of the corresponding nozzles (218) to expose the corresponding nozzles (218). An annular cavity (221) is provided in the outlet (202) of the pre-crusher, and a piston ring (223) is slidably installed in the annular cavity (221). Two push rods (222) are fixedly installed between the piston ring (223) and the top ring (212), and both push rods (222) are slidably engaged with the outlet (202) of the pre-crusher. A transfer ring (224) is fixedly installed in the outlet (202) of the pre-crusher, and the transfer ring (224) is rotatably connected to the drive shaft (204). A one-way gas supply pipe (225) is fixedly connected between the transfer ring (224) and the annular cavity (221). An air intake assembly is installed between the transfer ring (224) and the air chamber (219). When the top ring (212) moves away from the fixed ring (207) during reverse material retraction, the top ring (212) drives the piston ring (223) to move in the annular cavity (221) through the push rod (222) and compress the gas in the annular cavity (221). The gas enters the transfer ring (224) through the one-way gas supply pipe (225), and enters the gas chamber (219) and gas passage (220) through the air intake assembly, and is ejected from the corresponding nozzle (218) exposed due to the movement of the fixed ring (207).

2. The municipal solid waste reduction production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two motors are fixedly installed at both ends of the pre-crusher outlet (202), and the two drive shafts (204) are rotatably installed on the pre-crusher outlet (202).

3. The municipal solid waste reduction production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air intake assembly consists of an annular groove (226), a connecting ring (227), and multiple connecting pipes (228). The annular groove (226) is formed on the transfer ring (224), and the connecting ring (227) is rotatably and sealed on the annular groove (226). The multiple connecting pipes (228) are connected between the air chamber (219) and the connecting ring (227).

4. The municipal solid waste reduction production line according to claim 1, characterized in that, A one-way air inlet (229) communicating with the annular cavity (221) is provided on the side wall of the pre-crusher outlet (202). When the drive shaft (204) rotates forward, causing the top ring (212) to move closer to the blade (206), the piston ring (223) moves closer to the blade (206) in the annular cavity (221), and external gas enters the annular cavity (221) through the one-way air inlet (229).

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