A device and method for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece.

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of grinding technology and relates to a device and method for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece. The connecting rod is used to hold the workpiece to be ground; the first and second limiting parts prevent the balance block and workpiece from sliding freely on the connecting rod. The guide wheel and support plate together provide stable support for the balance block and workpiece. Simultaneously, driven by the power component, the guide wheel drives the workpiece to rotate, facilitating grinding. The grinding unit is used for grinding the workpiece. Through relative movement with the workpiece and the grinding action, excess material on the workpiece surface is removed, enabling the workpiece to achieve the required dimensional accuracy and surface roughness, thus realizing high-precision machining of the workpiece's outer diameter. This invention can achieve machining of workpieces with small aspect ratios, avoids workpiece tipping during machining, eliminates the need for complex devices to fix the workpiece for precise alignment, simplifies the clamping process, and improves machining stability and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of grinding technology and relates to a device and method for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece. Background Technology

[0002] Centerless grinding, as a highly efficient machining method, is widely used in many workpiece external cylindrical machining scenarios. It has advantages such as high machining efficiency and good surface quality, and achieves external cylindrical grinding by rotating and feeding the workpiece between the grinding wheel and the guide wheel.

[0003] However, when machining the outer diameter of workpieces with a small length-to-diameter ratio, the workpieces themselves have poor stability due to their structural characteristics. Furthermore, the coolant used in centerless grinding, when sprayed at high speed onto the workpiece surface, generates a dynamic impact force. This impact force can easily cause the workpiece to tip over during machining, not only damaging the workpiece but also potentially causing serious safety accidents for the operators, posing a significant safety hazard.

[0004] To address this issue, the traditional approach involves using precision fixtures to position the workpiece. These precisely designed fixtures fix the workpiece in the correct position and align its outer diameter to ensure machining accuracy. Then, external grinding equipment is used, with the fixture serving as the positioning reference, for clamping and machining. However, in practice, workpieces with small length-to-diameter ratios often exhibit deviations in internal hole tolerances and positional accuracy, making it difficult to quickly and accurately align and clamp the workpiece during setup. Each setup requires significant time for repeated adjustments, severely impacting machining efficiency, increasing production costs, and placing high demands on the operator's skill level. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece, so as to solve the technical problems of easy tipping and low efficiency in the machining of the outer diameter of workpieces with small aspect ratio.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a device for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece, comprising: A connecting rod is used to pass through the workpiece to be ground, and the radius of the connecting rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the workpiece to be ground; Both the first limiting part and the second limiting part are connected to the connecting rod, and the second limiting part and the connecting rod are detachably and fixedly connected. Two balance blocks are sleeved on the connecting rod and located between the first limiting part and the second limiting part. The radial dimension of the balance block is smaller than the radial dimension of the workpiece to be ground. The support plate is located at the bottom of the connecting rod and is in contact with the balance block; The guide wheel and grinding unit are provided, with the balance block located between the guide wheel and the grinding unit and in contact with the guide wheel. The guide wheel is arranged parallel to the connecting rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the first limiting part is an annular protrusion fixed on the connecting rod; The second limiting part includes a retaining ring, a nut, and a limiting mounting shaft. The limiting mounting shaft is fixedly connected to the connecting rod and located at the end away from the first limiting part. The limiting mounting shaft is coaxially arranged with the connecting rod. The radial dimension of the limiting mounting shaft is smaller than the radial dimension of the connecting rod. The retaining ring is sleeved on the limiting mounting shaft. The nut is threadedly connected to the limiting mounting shaft. The retaining ring is located between the balance block and the nut.

[0008] Furthermore, the connecting rod is provided with loading and unloading holes.

[0009] Furthermore, the balance block is provided with a weight reduction groove; The balance block has a through hole inside, the through hole being larger than the diameter of the connecting rod, and a dry film lubricating layer is provided on the through hole, the dry film lubricating layer being located between the through hole and the connecting rod.

[0010] Furthermore, a baffle is fixedly provided on the support plate, and the baffle abuts against the second limiting part.

[0011] Furthermore, the support plate is located at the bottom of the connecting rod and on the side close to the grinding unit, and the support plate is provided with a supporting inclined surface, and the balance block is tangent to the supporting inclined surface.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a machine tool headstock, which is equipped with a first power unit. The output end of the first power unit is connected to the input end of the guide wheel through a first transmission unit, and the support plate is fixedly connected to the machine tool headstock.

[0013] Furthermore, the grinding unit includes a second power unit, the output end of which is connected to a grinding wheel via a second transmission unit, and the grinding wheel is arranged parallel to the connecting rod.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a cooling unit, which has a coolant outlet located directly above the grinding position of the grinding unit.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece, employing a device for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece, comprising the following steps: The workpiece to be ground and the two balance blocks are passed through the connecting rod, so that the workpiece is located between the two balance blocks. The second limiting part is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, so that the workpiece and the balance blocks have a set axial movement amount. The assembled workpiece and balance block are placed on the support plate, so that the workpiece and the balance block abut against the guide wheel; The guide wheel is activated, which drives the workpiece and the balance block to rotate, and the grinding unit grinds the workpiece.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The connecting rod of this invention is used to pass through the workpiece to be ground; the first limiting part and the second limiting part are used to prevent the balance block and the workpiece from sliding freely on the connecting rod. The second limiting part is detachably fixed to the connecting rod, which facilitates the installation and removal of the workpiece and the balance block. The guide wheel and the support plate together provide stable support for the balance block and the workpiece, preventing the workpiece from tipping over during processing. At the same time, driven by the power component, the guide wheel is used to drive the workpiece to rotate, which facilitates the grinding of the workpiece. The grinding unit is used for grinding the workpiece. Through the relative movement with the workpiece and the grinding action, excess material on the surface of the workpiece is removed, so that the workpiece achieves the required dimensional accuracy and surface roughness requirements, realizing high-precision machining of the outer circle of the workpiece. During workpiece grinding, the two balance blocks are used to axially limit the workpiece to prevent the workpiece from tipping over during the grinding process, ensuring the smooth progress of the processing, avoiding damage to the workpiece due to tipping over and potential safety accidents to the operators, and significantly improving the safety of the processing process. The radial dimension of the balance block is smaller than the radial dimension of the workpiece to be ground, and the radius of the connecting rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the workpiece to be ground. Therefore, after the balance block and the workpiece are placed on the support plate, both the balance block and the workpiece can contact the support plate and the guide wheel at the same time. However, the side of the workpiece away from the support plate and the guide wheel is higher than the balance block, which makes it easier for the grinding unit to grind the workpiece. At the same time, there is no need for a complicated device to fix the workpiece for accurate alignment, which simplifies the clamping process and improves the processing stability and efficiency.

[0017] This invention involves mounting the workpiece to be ground and two balance blocks on the connecting rod, positioning the workpiece between the two balance blocks to prevent it from tipping over during grinding and ensure smooth processing. The second limiting part is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, allowing the workpiece and balance blocks a predetermined axial movement, preventing jamming and facilitating adaptive adjustment of the workpiece's position under gravity. The assembled workpiece and balance blocks are placed on the support plate, which provides stable bottom support. The workpiece and balance blocks are brought into contact with the guide wheel, enabling the guide wheel to drive the workpiece and balance blocks to rotate. The guide wheel is activated, driving the workpiece and balance blocks to rotate. The rotation of the guide wheel provides the necessary rotational motion for the workpiece, allowing the grinding unit to perform comprehensive grinding of the workpiece's outer diameter. The grinding unit grinds the workpiece. By moving relative to the rotating workpiece surface, the grinding unit removes excess material from the workpiece surface, gradually achieving the required dimensional accuracy and surface roughness. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamp according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a simplified diagram illustrating the processing principle of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the balance block structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the retaining ring structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a state diagram of simultaneously clamping and grinding multiple workpieces according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] The components are as follows: 1. Connecting rod; 101. Loading / unloading hole; 102. First limiting part; 103. Second limiting part; 104. Limiting mounting shaft; 2. Balance block; 201. Weight reduction groove; 202. Through hole; Dry film lubrication layer; 3. Workpiece; 4. Retaining ring; 5. Nut; 6. Baffle; 7. Grinding wheel; 8. Guide wheel; 9. Coolant outlet; 10. Support plate; 1001. Supporting inclined surface. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example 1: See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention discloses a device for self-balancing grinding of the outer circle of a workpiece, comprising: a connecting rod 1, a first limiting part 102, a second limiting part 103, two balancing blocks 2, a support plate 10, a guide wheel 8, and a grinding unit.

[0023] See Figure 3 In this embodiment of the invention, the connecting rod 1 is used to pass through the workpiece 3 to be ground. The radius of the connecting rod 1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the workpiece 3 to be ground, which provides a stable installation position for the workpiece 3. See Figure 3 Preferably, the connecting rod 1 has loading and unloading holes 101.

[0024] See Figure 1 In this embodiment of the invention, both the first limiting part 102 and the second limiting part 103 are connected to the connecting rod 1 to prevent the balance block and the workpiece 3 from sliding freely on the connecting rod 1. The second limiting part 103 is detachably and fixedly connected to the connecting rod 1, which facilitates the installation and removal of the workpiece 3 and the balance block 2.

[0025] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 Preferably, the first limiting part 102 is an annular protrusion fixed on the connecting rod 1; See Figure 2 Preferably, the second limiting part 103 includes a retaining ring 4, a nut 5, and a limiting mounting shaft 104. The limiting mounting shaft 104 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 1 and located at the end away from the first limiting part 102. The limiting mounting shaft 104 is coaxially arranged with the connecting rod 1, and the radial dimension of the limiting mounting shaft 104 is smaller than the radial dimension of the connecting rod 1. The retaining ring 4 is sleeved on the limiting mounting shaft 104, and the nut 5 is threadedly connected to the limiting mounting shaft 104. The retaining ring 4 is located between the balance block 2 and the nut 5. See [reference needed] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the retaining ring 4.

[0026] See Figure 1 In this embodiment of the invention, two balance blocks 2 are sleeved on the connecting rod 1 and located between the first limiting part 102 and the second limiting part 103. When grinding the workpiece 3, the workpiece 3 is located between the two balance blocks 2. The two balance blocks 2 are used to axially limit the workpiece 3 to prevent it from tipping over during grinding and to ensure smooth processing. The radial dimension of the balance block 2 is smaller than the radial dimension of the workpiece 3 to be ground, and the radius of the connecting rod 1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the workpiece 3 to be ground. Therefore, after placing the balance block 2 and the workpiece 3 on the support plate 10, both the balance block 2 and the workpiece 3 can simultaneously contact the support plate 10 and the guide wheel 8. However, the side of the workpiece 3 away from the support plate 10 and the guide wheel 8 is higher than the balance block 2, which facilitates the grinding of the workpiece 3.

[0027] See Figure 1 and Figure 4 Preferably, the balance block 2 is provided with a weight reduction groove 201; The balance block 2 has a through hole 202 inside, and the through hole 202 is larger than the diameter of the connecting rod 1.

[0028] See Figure 2 In this embodiment of the invention, the support plate 10 is located at the bottom of the connecting rod 1 and in contact with the balance block 2. The support plate 10 is used to provide stable support for the balance block 2 and the workpiece 3.

[0029] See Figure 2 Preferably, a baffle 6 is fixed on the support plate 10, and the baffle 6 abuts against the second limiting part 103.

[0030] See Figure 2 Preferably, the support plate 10 is located at the bottom of the connecting rod 1 and on the side close to the grinding unit. The support plate 10 is provided with a supporting inclined surface 1001, and the balance block 2 is tangent to the supporting inclined surface 1001.

[0031] See Figure 2In this embodiment of the invention, the balance block 2 is located between the guide wheel 8 and the grinding unit and is in contact with the guide wheel 8. The guide wheel 8 is arranged parallel to the connecting rod 1. The guide wheel 8 and the support plate 10 together provide stable support for the balance block 2 and the workpiece 3. Simultaneously, driven by the power component, the guide wheel 8 drives the workpiece 3 to rotate, facilitating the grinding of the workpiece 3. The grinding unit is used for grinding the workpiece 3. Through relative motion with the workpiece and grinding action, excess material on the workpiece surface is removed, enabling the workpiece to achieve the required dimensional accuracy and surface roughness, thus realizing high-precision machining of the workpiece's outer diameter.

[0032] Preferably, the grinding unit includes a second power unit, the output end of which is connected to a grinding wheel 7 via a second transmission unit, and the grinding wheel 7 is arranged parallel to the connecting rod 1.

[0033] In this embodiment of the invention, a machine tool headstock is also included. A first power unit is provided on the machine tool headstock. The output end of the first power unit is connected to the input end of the guide wheel 8 via a first transmission unit. The support plate 10 is fixedly connected to the machine tool headstock. Both the guide wheel 8 and the support plate 10 are mounted on the machine tool headstock, and their positions remain relatively fixed, which is beneficial to the stability of the workpiece 3. When the machine tool headstock approaches the grinding wheel 7, the guide wheel 8 and the support plate 10 together drive the workpiece 3 closer to the grinding wheel 7 until it contacts the grinding wheel 7.

[0034] See Figure 2 In this embodiment of the invention, a cooling unit is also included. The cooling unit is provided with a coolant outlet 9, which is located directly above the grinding working position of the grinding unit, which is the contact position between the grinding wheel 7 and the workpiece 3 during grinding. During the grinding process of the workpiece 3, the cooling unit discharges coolant through the coolant outlet 9 to cool the grinding wheel 7 and the workpiece 3.

[0035] This invention, by setting a balance block, effectively counteracts the dynamic impact force of the coolant on workpieces with small length-to-diameter ratios, greatly enhancing the stability of the workpiece during grinding, avoiding damage to the workpiece due to tipping and potential safety accidents to operators, and significantly improving the safety of the processing. After the workpiece 3 is placed on the guide wheel 8 and the support plate 10, the side of the workpiece 3 away from the support plate 10 and the guide wheel 8 is higher than the balance block 2, which facilitates the grinding unit to perform grinding on the workpiece 3. At the same time, there is no need for complex devices to fix the workpiece 3 for precise alignment, simplifying the clamping process and improving processing stability and efficiency.

[0036] See Figure 7 Based on the above structure, the present invention also discloses a method for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece, comprising the following steps: S1, the workpiece 3 to be ground and the two balance blocks 2 are passed through the connecting rod 1, so that the workpiece 3 is positioned between the two balance blocks 2, preventing the workpiece 3 from tipping over during grinding and ensuring smooth processing. The second limiting part 103 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 1, so that the workpiece 3 and the balance blocks 2 have a set axial movement amount, avoiding jamming of the workpiece 3 and the balance blocks 2, and facilitating the adaptive adjustment of the position of the workpiece 3 under the action of gravity.

[0037] S2, the assembled workpiece 3 and balance block 2 are placed on the support plate 10, which provides stable bottom support for the workpiece and balance block. The workpiece 3 and the balance block 2 are brought into contact with the guide wheel 8, so that the guide wheel 8 can drive the workpiece and balance block to rotate.

[0038] S3, the guide wheel 8 is activated, which drives the workpiece 3 and the balance block 2 to rotate. The rotation of the guide wheel 8 provides the necessary rotational motion for the workpiece, enabling the grinding unit to perform comprehensive grinding on the outer diameter of the workpiece 3. The grinding unit grinds the workpiece 3. By moving relative to the rotating surface of the workpiece 3, the grinding unit removes excess material from the surface of the workpiece 3, gradually bringing the workpiece 3 to the required dimensional accuracy and surface roughness.

[0039] See Figure 6 The present invention can simultaneously process and grind multiple workpieces 3, and there is a certain amount of movement between each workpiece 3 and between the workpiece 3 and the balance block 2.

[0040] Example 2: The purpose of this embodiment is to solve the problem of unstable positioning when machining the outer diameter of workpieces with a length-to-diameter ratio much less than 1 using a centerless grinding method, and the problem of inconvenient clamping and machining when using an external grinder.

[0041] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention proposes a device for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece, comprising: a fixture, a grinding wheel 7, a guide wheel 8, and a support plate 10, etc. The fixture consists of a balance block 2, a nut 5, a connecting rod 1, and a retaining ring 4. The balance block 2 and the workpiece 3 are installed on the outer diameter of the connecting rod 1 through an inner hole, with a clearance fit between them. The nut 5 is fixed from one end of the connecting rod 1, ensuring that after the workpiece 3 is installed, the two balance blocks 2 and the workpiece 3 can move with a small clearance on the connecting rod 1. The diameter of the two balance blocks 2 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the workpiece 3, and the length-to-diameter ratio is large, so that they can each maintain a stable state under the impact of the cutting fluid.

[0042] The fixture is not tightly connected to the workpiece 3. It restricts the axial movement of the workpiece 3 only through its own balance and the small gap between the fixture and the workpiece 3, preventing the workpiece 3 from tipping over due to coolant impact or other factors during grinding. This ensures the workpiece 3 is in a self-balancing grinding state, maintaining its overall shape and dimensions during processing. The dry film lubrication layer 203 on the balance block 2 effectively reduces friction between the connecting rod 1 and the balance block 2, ensuring that the balance block 2 rotates at a uniform speed under the drive of the guide wheel 8. Simultaneously, this fixture can clamp multiple workpieces 3 for processing at once, improving processing efficiency. The pre-drilled hole on the fixture connecting rod 1 allows for the insertion of a straight rod to move the fixture and parts for loading and unloading, eliminating the need to hold the fixture and insert the workpiece 3 between the grinding wheel 7 and the guide wheel 8, thus avoiding personal injury. One end of the retaining ring 4 is secured by a nut 5, and the other end of the retaining ring 4 abuts against the connecting rod 1, preventing the balance block 2 and the workpiece 3 from detaching from the connecting rod 1. The baffle 6 in the fixture is fixed on the support plate 10 of the grinding machine and abuts against the end face of the fixture, preventing the fixture and the whole part from moving during the processing, so as to ensure that the part can be continuously processed.

[0043] Based on the above structure, the method of using this invention is as follows: S1. Install one balance block 2 along the threaded end of the connecting rod 1 into the bottom of the connecting rod 1. Then, install the workpiece 3 and another balance block 2 in sequence. Install the retaining ring 4 along the thread of the connecting rod 1 and abut against the end face of the connecting rod 1. Finally, screw the nut 5 into the thread of the connecting rod 1 to abut against the retaining washer. After installation, ensure that the balance block 2 and the workpiece 3 can move slightly on the connecting rod 1, with the amount of movement being δ, 0.1≤δ≤0.2.

[0044] S2, install the baffle 6 on the support plate 10 of the machine tool. The installation position should extend inward from the outer end of the guide wheel 8 by a certain distance. The extension amount should not be less than the total length of the fixture to ensure that the balance block 2 and the workpiece 3 can stably contact and operate with the support plate 10 and the guide wheel 8.

[0045] S3. Insert any straight rod into the inner hole of the connecting rod 1, lift the fixture and the part together and place them between the support plate 10 and the guide wheel 8, stopping them against the end face of the baffle 6. Due to the large length-to-diameter ratio of the fixture and the workpiece 3, the fixture and the workpiece 3 will enter a vertical state under their own weight. At the same time, the small axial clearance between the fixture and the workpiece 3 determines that the balance block 2 and the workpiece 3 are in a relatively independent state. Both the workpiece 3 and the balance block 2 are supported by the support plate 10 and the guide wheel 8. Since the diameter of the balance block 2 is slightly smaller than that of the workpiece 3, the contact points between the workpiece 3 and the support plate 10 and the guide wheel 8 will be raised relative to the balance block 2, causing the center of the workpiece 3 to rise relative to the balance block 2, resulting in a center distance e. The balance block 2 and the workpiece 3 are radially abutted against the inclined surface of the support plate 10 and the outer circle of the guide wheel 8. The guide wheel 8 generally rotates clockwise at a speed of 20-30 r / min. Due to the friction of the guide wheel 8, the workpiece 3 and the balance block 2 rotate counterclockwise at a speed of 20-30 r / min on the support plate 10. At the same time, the dry film lubrication layer 203 of the balance block 2 can ensure that the connecting rod 1 slides freely in the hole of the balance block 2.

[0046] S4. Turn on the coolant switch, allowing coolant to spray from coolant outlet 9 onto the grinding surface along the grinding wheel 7. Move the machine tool bed, and the guide wheel 8 and support plate 10 will drive the fixture and workpiece 3 to gradually approach the grinding wheel 7. As the distance decreases, the grinding wheel 7 begins to contact the workpiece 3 at a speed of 1500-1800 r / min. At this time, there is still a gap δ1 between the grinding wheel 7 and the balance block 2, ensuring that the balance block 2 does not participate in the grinding. During this process, the coolant begins to impact the workpiece 3, carrying away the grinding debris, sand particles, and a large amount of grinding heat. The workpiece 3, which is in a stable state, tends to move and tilt under the impact of the coolant. At the same time, the small gap between the fixture and the workpiece 3 allows the balance block 2 to block and straighten the workpiece 3, eliminating the tendency of the workpiece 3 to move and tilt. Furthermore, because the balance blocks 2 are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the workpiece 3, the imbalance of the coolant impact on the workpiece 3 is reduced. Under the combined action of the support plate 10, guide wheel 8, and grinding wheel 7, the workpiece 3 remains stable, ensuring that the grinding proceeds normally.

[0047] This invention can reliably process workpieces 3 with small length-to-diameter ratios. Furthermore, the self-balancing grinding fixture of this invention has a certain degree of universality. When the thickness and outer diameter of workpiece 3 are similar, the hole diameter of workpiece 3 only needs to be larger than the hole diameter of the balancing block 2 to use one set of fixtures for processing. Moreover, when processing the same workpiece 3, the outer diameter range is the same, and the length of the connecting rod 1 can be appropriately extended to install N workpieces 3 for processing at the same time, which greatly improves the processing efficiency.

[0048] Example 3: See Figure 6In this embodiment, the workpiece 3 with a small length-to-diameter ratio has an inner hole with a diameter of φ20+0.050 and an outer diameter of φ35 0 -0.01, with a length of 5 mm. The balance block 2 has an inner hole with a diameter of φ15+0.15 +0.1 and an outer diameter of φ34.5 0 -0.1, with a length of 60 mm. The connecting rod 1 has an outer diameter of φ15 0 -0.1, a loading / unloading hole 101 with a diameter of φ10, an M10 thread, and a total length of 170 mm. The retaining ring 4 has an outer diameter of φ30 and an inner hole of φ10.5. When clamping five workpieces 3 at once, the workpiece 3 is guaranteed to have an axial movement of δ, 0.1≤δ≤0.2. The balance block 2 and the workpiece 3 can move slightly between the end face of the connecting rod 1 and the retaining ring 4. The baffle 6 is fixed 170 mm inward from the end face of the guide wheel 8 and is fastened to the support plate 10. Start the machine tool and adjust the speed of the guide wheel 8 to 22 r / min, and stabilize the speed of the grinding wheel 7 at 1500 r / min. Use a straight bar inserted into the loading / unloading hole 101 of the connecting rod 1 to lift the fixture and workpiece 3 and place them between the support plate 10 and the guide wheel 8, resting against the end face of the baffle 6, so that the workpiece 3 and the balance block 2 can move stably between the support plate 10 and the guide wheel 8. At this time, the center of the workpiece 3 will be higher than the center of the balance block 2, and the distance from the left end face of the workpiece 3 to the grinding wheel 7 will be less than the distance from the left end face of the balance block 2 to the grinding wheel 7. Open the coolant outlet 9, move the machine tool bed, and the guide wheel 8 and the support plate 10 will drive the fixture and workpiece 3 to gradually approach the grinding wheel 7. Although the workpiece 3 is impacted by the coolant, it will always maintain a vertical and stable state for grinding under the support of the balance block 2. The coolant will carry away a large amount of heat and grinding debris and sand particles from the grinding part of the grinding wheel 7 and the workpiece 3. Through continuous grinding, five workpieces 3 can be processed to meet the required dimensions simultaneously, which not only ensures the dimensional and positional accuracy of the workpieces 3, but also greatly improves the processing efficiency.

[0049] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A device for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece, characterized in that, include: A connecting rod (1) is used to pass through the workpiece (3) to be ground, wherein the diameter of the connecting rod (1) is smaller than the inner diameter of the workpiece (3) to be ground; The first limiting part (102) and the second limiting part (103) are both connected to the connecting rod (1), and the second limiting part (103) and the connecting rod (1) are detachably fixedly connected; Two balance blocks (2) are sleeved on the connecting rod (1) and located between the first limiting part (102) and the second limiting part (103). The radial dimension of the balance block (2) is smaller than the radial dimension of the workpiece (3) to be ground. The support plate (10) is located at the bottom of the connecting rod (1) and is in contact with the balance block (2); The guide wheel (8) and the grinding unit, the balance block (2) is located between the guide wheel (8) and the grinding unit and is in contact with the guide wheel (8), the guide wheel (8) is arranged parallel to the connecting rod (1); The support plate (10) is located at the bottom of the connecting rod (1) and on the side close to the grinding unit. The support plate (10) is provided with a support inclined surface (1001). The balance block (2) is tangent to the support inclined surface (1001), so that the workpiece (3) and the balance block (2) have a set axial movement. The workpiece (3) and the balance block (2) are both supported by the support plate (10) and the guide wheel (8). Since the diameter of the balance block (2) is slightly smaller than that of the workpiece (3), the contact point between the workpiece (3) and the support plate (10) and the guide wheel (8) will be raised relative to the balance block (2), so that the center of the workpiece (3) is raised relative to the balance block (2).

2. The device for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first limiting part (102) is an annular protrusion fixed on the connecting rod (1); The second limiting part (103) includes a retaining ring (4), a nut (5) and a limiting mounting shaft (104). The limiting mounting shaft (104) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (1) and located at one end away from the first limiting part (102). The limiting mounting shaft (104) is coaxially arranged with the connecting rod (1). The radial dimension of the limiting mounting shaft (104) is smaller than the radial dimension of the connecting rod (1). The retaining ring (4) is sleeved on the limiting mounting shaft (104). The nut (5) is threadedly connected to the limiting mounting shaft (104). The retaining ring (4) is located between the balance block (2) and the nut (5).

3. The device for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod (1) has loading and unloading holes (101).

4. The device for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that, The balance block (2) is provided with a weight reduction groove (201); The balance block (2) has a through hole (202) inside, the through hole (202) is larger than the diameter of the connecting rod (1), and a dry film lubrication layer (203) is provided on the through hole (202), the dry film lubrication layer (203) is located between the through hole (202) and the connecting rod (1).

5. The apparatus for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that, A baffle (6) is fixed on the support plate (10), and the baffle (6) abuts against the second limiting part (103).

6. The apparatus for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a machine tool headstock, on which a first power unit is provided. The output end of the first power unit is connected to the input end of the guide wheel (8) through a first transmission unit. The support plate (10) is fixedly connected to the machine tool headstock.

7. The apparatus for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding unit includes a second power unit, and the output end of the second power unit is connected to a grinding wheel (7) through a second transmission unit. The grinding wheel (7) is arranged in parallel with the connecting rod (1).

8. The apparatus for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a cooling unit, which has a coolant outlet (9) located directly above the grinding position of the grinding unit.

9. A method for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece, employing the apparatus for self-balancing grinding of the outer diameter of a workpiece as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The workpiece (3) to be ground and the two balance blocks (2) are passed through the connecting rod (1) so that the workpiece (3) is located between the two balance blocks (2). The second limiting part (103) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (1) so that the workpiece (3) and the balance blocks (2) have a set axial movement amount. The assembled workpiece (3) and balance block (2) are placed on the support plate (10) so that the workpiece (3) and balance block (2) abut against the guide wheel (8); Start the guide wheel (8), and drive the workpiece (3) and the balance block (2) to rotate through the guide wheel (8), and grind the workpiece (3) through the grinding unit.

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