A device and method for simulating ice block impact test of ship structure under low temperature environment

Abstract

The application provides a kind of low-temperature environment ship structure simulation ice block impact test device and method, it is related to ship performance test technology, including: support frame;Moving crossbeam;Hoisting mechanism;And trigger switch;After moving crossbeam is released, ice block impact occurs simultaneously, trigger lever first touches pointer, elastic member generates first rebound to trigger lever, before trigger lever touches pointer again, pointer touches button under the rebound effect of elastic member, makes power supply circuit conductive, two first electromagnet generates magnetic attraction, is adsorbed in support frame, so that moving crossbeam is locked in support frame.The beneficial effects of the application: avoid ice block to produce secondary impact on ship structure, through the synergistic effect of electromagnet and mechanical trigger switch, effectively inhibit the secondary impact phenomenon of test piece, guarantee experimental data reliability;Trigger switch adopts adjustable installation design, can adapt to the demand of test piece of different height, and trigger response has the characteristics of fast, accurate and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship performance testing technology, and in particular to a device and method for simulating ice impact testing of ship structures under low-temperature conditions. Background Technology

[0002] In polar navigation environments, ships are prone to collisions with floating ice, leading to structural damage and posing a serious threat to navigational safety. To ensure the structural safety of polar vessels in ice-covered waters, ice impact and shock tests must be conducted in a terrestrial environment beforehand. This not only verifies the ice impact resistance reliability of the hull structure but also provides crucial experimental data support for the optimized ice impact resistance design of polar vessel structures. However, conducting ice impact tests on hull structures in a terrestrial environment faces a core technical challenge: after a floating ice collides with the hull structure, it tends to bounce back and drift away from the hull without secondary impact. This requires the testing equipment to have anti-secondary collision capabilities in low-temperature environments to accurately simulate ice impact scenarios in real polar navigation.

[0003] In the existing technical solutions, the patent with application number CN202311105723.3 and invention title "Cylinder Anti-Secondary Impact Device" consists of a cylinder, a moving shaft, and a moving gear connected in sequence to form an anti-secondary impact mechanism. Although it can achieve anti-secondary impact test at different rebound heights, it has significant technical limitations: on the one hand, the device has a high structural complexity and cannot effectively control the magnitude of the impact load; on the other hand, in low-temperature environments, its pneumatic system is prone to problems such as compressed air condensation, embrittlement of sealing materials, and lubrication failure of the actuator, resulting in unstable working pressure and delayed response, ultimately failing to meet the normal operation requirements of the test device.

[0004] Another existing technology is a patent application with application number CN202011250505.5, entitled "A device for preventing secondary impact on a falling hammer impact testing machine and its testing method." This solution effectively avoids secondary impacts through the coordinated control of an electromagnetic capture lifting device and multiple sets of optical sensors and infrared emitters, and its working principle is relatively simple. However, this device also has technical shortcomings: firstly, its applicability is limited, and it can only be used to test small specimens; secondly, the device's counterweight adjustment capability is limited, making it difficult to simulate ice impact loads of different magnitudes; and thirdly, under low-temperature conditions, the working stability of the sensors cannot be guaranteed, which can easily lead to a decrease in testing accuracy or test interruption.

[0005] In summary, existing land-based ice impact testing devices cannot meet the testing requirements of polar ship hull structures in terms of structural adaptability, load control capability, and low-temperature environment adaptability. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a ship structure ice impact simulation testing device and supporting methods suitable for low-temperature environments to solve the above-mentioned technical bottlenecks. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, in order to accurately simulate ice collision scenarios in real polar navigation, embodiments of the present invention provide a device and method for simulating ice impact testing of ship structures in low-temperature environments.

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention provides a device for simulating ice impact testing of ship structures under low-temperature conditions, comprising: Supporting framework; A movable crossbeam is vertically slidably disposed within the support frame. Two first electromagnets are respectively provided at both ends of the movable crossbeam. A trigger rod and an ice block clamping component are also provided on the movable crossbeam. The ice block clamping component is used to clamp ice blocks. A lifting mechanism connected to the movable crossbeam for lifting and releasing the movable crossbeam; A trigger switch is provided below the moving crossbeam. The trigger switch includes a push switch, an elastic element, and a pointer. The push switch has a button on its upper part. The elastic element is located above the button. The pointer is fixedly connected to the elastic element in the middle, with one end extending above the button and the other end extending below the trigger rod. The push switch is connected to the power supply circuit of the two first electromagnets. When the moving crossbeam is released, the ice block impacts the object, and the trigger rod touches the pointer for the first time. The elastic element rebounds the trigger rod once. Before the trigger rod touches the pointer again, the pointer touches the button under the rebound of the elastic element, which turns on the power supply circuit. The two first electromagnets generate magnetic attraction and are attracted to the support frame, thereby locking the moving crossbeam to the support frame.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper part of the push switch is provided with a fixed post, the elastic element is a torsion spring, the torsion spring is sleeved on the fixed post, the middle part of the pointer is rotatably sleeved on the fixed post and fixedly connected to the torsion spring, and the pointer is located at the lower end of the trigger rod and tilted upward.

[0009] Furthermore, the trigger switch is located on the outer side of the moving crossbeam near the trigger rod, and one end of the pointer extends below the trigger rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the trigger lever is set horizontally.

[0011] Furthermore, the support frame is provided with two vertical slide rails arranged opposite to each other, and two sliders are provided at both ends of the movable crossbeam. The two sliders are slidably arranged in the two vertical slide rails, and the two first electromagnets are in sliding contact with the two vertical slide rails respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism is an electric hoist, and the electric hoist attracts the moving crossbeam through a second electromagnet.

[0013] Furthermore, the ice block clamp is located in the middle of the movable crossbeam.

[0014] Furthermore, the supporting frame is a cuboid frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the support frame is provided with multiple rollers.

[0016] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for simulating ice impact testing of ship structures under low-temperature conditions, using the aforementioned device for simulating ice impact testing of ship structures under low-temperature conditions, and including the following steps: S1. The ice block clamping component clamps ice blocks; S2. The lifting mechanism hoists the moving crossbeam and slides it upwards to the target height; S3. The lifting mechanism releases the moving crossbeam, which falls and slides vertically downwards until the ice block hits the ship structure. At the same time as the ice block hits the ship structure, the trigger rod touches the pointer for the first time. The elastic element rebounds the trigger rod, causing the moving crossbeam to move upwards and fall again. Before the trigger rod touches the pointer again, the pointer touches the button under the rebound of the elastic element, turning on the power supply circuit. The two first electromagnets generate magnetic attraction and are attracted to the support frame, thereby locking the moving crossbeam to the support frame and preventing the ice block from causing a secondary impact on the ship structure.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: This invention discloses a device and method for simulating ice impact on ship structures under low-temperature conditions. It is applicable to simulation tests of ice impact on ship structures in low-temperature environments. During the simulation test, while the ice block impacts the ship structure, a trigger rod touches a pointer. The rebound action of the elastic element causes the pointer to trigger a push-button switch, energizing the first electromagnets at both ends of the moving crossbeam to generate magnetic attraction and adhere to the support frame. This locks the moving crossbeam after the first rebound and before the second impact on the ship structure, preventing secondary impacts. The synergistic effect of the electromagnets and the mechanical trigger switch effectively suppresses secondary impacts on the test specimen, ensuring the reliability of experimental data. The trigger switch features an adjustable installation design, adaptable to test specimens of different heights, and exhibits fast, accurate, and reliable trigger response. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a ship structure ice impact simulation testing device under low temperature environment according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a ship structure simulating ice impact testing device under low temperature environment according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting outer frame; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the movable crossbeam; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the right support frame; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the trigger switch.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Lifting column; 2. Roller; 3. Trapezoidal connecting plate; 4. Horizontal beam; 5. Vertical support column; 6. Slide rail support column; 7. Ice block; 8. Ice block clamp; 9. Slider; 10. Left support frame; 11. First electromagnet; 12. Triangular fixing connector; 13. Top beam; 14. Electric hoist; 15. Hook; 16. Hanging ring; 17. Trigger rod; 18. Right support frame; 19. Second electromagnet; 20. Connector; 21. Slide rail; 22. Moving beam; 23. Second connector; 24. First connector; 25. Trigger switch; 26. Press switch; 27. Button; 28. Support; 29. ​​Fixed column; 30. Pointer; 31. Torsion spring. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description presents a preferred embodiment of the various possible embodiments of the present invention, intended to provide a basic understanding of the invention, but not intended to identify key or decisive elements of the invention or to limit the scope of protection sought.

[0021] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0022] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0023] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be discussed further in subsequent figures. Also, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the figures are not drawn to actual scale.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the circuits, electronic components and modules involved in this invention are all prior art, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need not be elaborated upon.

[0025] It should be further noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 and 2 The present invention provides a device for simulating ice impact testing of ship structures in a low-temperature environment, which mainly includes a support frame, a movable crossbeam 22, a lifting mechanism, and a trigger switch 25.

[0027] The support frame is typically installed within a cryogenic environment chamber, and its interior serves as the impact testing space. The shape of the support frame can be flexibly configured according to actual testing needs; for example, in this embodiment, the support frame is a cuboid frame. Figure 3 As exemplified, the support frame is mainly made of aluminum alloy and specifically consists of six vertical support columns 5, eight horizontal beams 4, and a top beam 13. The eight horizontal aluminum alloy profiles and the top aluminum alloy beam are connected by trapezoidal connecting plates 3 and triangular fixing connectors 12. The vertical support columns 5, horizontal beams 4, and top beam 13 are all made of aluminum alloy profiles.

[0028] In some embodiments, to facilitate the movement of the support frame to a designated location for testing, the bottom of the support frame is provided with multiple rollers 2. For example, the number of rollers 2 is set to four, and the rollers 2 are omnidirectional wheels. The four rollers 2 are respectively located at the four corners of the bottom of the support frame. Each roller 2 also has a vertically adjustable lifting column 1 on one side. When the lifting column 1 is raised and separated from the ground, the roller 2 can move freely; when the lifting column 1 is lowered and in contact with the ground, the roller 2 is restricted from moving, thus stably fixing the support frame in the designated position.

[0029] The movable crossbeam 22 is vertically slidably disposed within the support frame. Two first electromagnets 11 are respectively provided at both ends of the movable crossbeam 22. The movable crossbeam 22 is also provided with a trigger rod 17 and an ice block clamping component 8, which is used to clamp ice blocks 7.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 4As shown, the support frame has two vertical slide rails 21 arranged opposite each other, and two vertical support columns 5 arranged opposite each other in the middle of the support frame are slide rail support columns 6. The two vertical slide rails 21 are respectively arranged inside the two slide rail support columns 6. The two ends of the movable crossbeam 22 are respectively provided with two sliders 9, and the two sliders 9 are slidably arranged inside the two vertical slide rails 21. The two first electromagnets 11 are in slidable contact with the two vertical slide rails 21. The vertical slide rails 21 are generally made of magnetic material. When the two first electromagnets 11 are not energized, they do not generate magnetic attraction force and can slide along the two vertical slide rails 21 respectively; when the two first electromagnets 11 are energized, they generate magnetic attraction force and can be firmly attracted to the vertical slide rails 21.

[0031] The trigger rod 17 is disposed at one end of the movable crossbeam 22 and extends vertically along the trigger rod 17. The trigger rod 17 is generally horizontally disposed and rises and falls synchronously with the movable crossbeam 22.

[0032] In some embodiments, the left and right ends of the movable crossbeam 22 are respectively provided with a left support frame 10 and a right support frame 18, which are symmetrically arranged and sleeved and fixed onto the movable crossbeam 22. The trigger rod 17 is fixedly disposed on the front side of the right support frame 18. A first connecting member 24 is provided on the upper part of both the left support frame 10 and the right support frame 18. Figure 5 As shown, the first connector 24 is L-shaped and its bottom is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the right support frame 18. The first electromagnet 11 is fixed to the first connector 24, so that the two first electromagnets 11 are respectively fixed to the upper part of both ends of the movable crossbeam 22.

[0033] In some embodiments, the ice block clamping member 8 is disposed in the middle of the movable crossbeam 22. The ice block clamping member 8 is approximately U-shaped, which can stably clamp the ice block 7 in the ice block clamping member 8, so that the ice block 7 is located in the middle of the movable crossbeam 22, so that the movable crossbeam 22 can drive the ice block 7 to move downward, generating a uniform impact force on the ship structure.

[0034] The lifting mechanism is connected to the movable crossbeam 22 for lifting and releasing the movable crossbeam 22. Specifically, the movable crossbeam 22 is located below the top crossbeam 13, and the lifting mechanism can be selected from various existing electric lifting devices, such as... Figure 1As exemplarily shown, the lifting mechanism is an electric hoist 14. The top of the electric hoist 14 is mounted to the middle of the top crossbeam 13 via a second connector 23. The hook 15 of the electric hoist 14 hooks onto the hanging ring 16 at the top of the connector 20. The lower part of the connector 20 is connected to a second electromagnet 19, and the lower part of the second electromagnet 19 is attracted to the middle of the moving crossbeam 22. The electric hoist 14 attracts the moving crossbeam 22 via the second electromagnet 19, lifting the moving crossbeam 22 for vertical movement. When the second electromagnet 19 is de-energized, the moving crossbeam 22 can be released.

[0035] like Figure 6 As shown, the trigger switch 25 is located below the moving crossbeam 22. The trigger switch 25 includes a push switch 26, an elastic element, and a pointer 30. The push switch 26 has a button 27 on its upper part. The elastic element is located above the button 27. The pointer 30 is fixedly connected to the elastic element in the middle, with one end extending above the button 27 and the other end extending below the trigger rod 17. The push switch 26 is connected to the power supply circuit of the two first electromagnets 11.

[0036] Specifically, the upper part of the push-button switch 26 is provided with a fixing post 29, and the two ends of the fixing post 29 are fixed to the upper part of the push-button switch 26 by supports 28. The elastic element is a torsion spring 31, which is sleeved on the fixing post 29. The middle part of the pointer 30 is rotatably sleeved on the fixing post 29 and fixedly connected to the torsion spring 31. The pointer 30 is located below the trigger rod 17 and is tilted upward.

[0037] In some embodiments, the trigger switch 25 is located on the outer side of the movable crossbeam 22 near the trigger rod 17, and one end of the pointer 30 extends below the trigger rod 17. Thus, when the end of the trigger rod 17 located below the trigger rod 17 is touched and pressed downwards by the trigger rod 17, the end of the trigger rod 17 located above the button 27 first tilts upwards, and then moves downwards under the rebound action of the elastic element.

[0038] After the movable crossbeam 22 is released, the ice block 7 impacts, and at the same time, the trigger rod 17 touches the pointer 30 for the first time. The elastic element rebounds the trigger rod 17 once. Before the trigger rod 17 touches the pointer 30 again, the pointer 30 touches the button 27 under the rebound of the elastic element, which turns on the power supply circuit. The two first electromagnets 11 generate magnetic attraction and are attracted to the support frame. Here, the two first electromagnets 11 generate magnetic attraction and are attracted to the two vertical slide rails 21 respectively, thereby locking the movable crossbeam 22 on the support frame.

[0039] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for simulating ice impact testing of ship structures under low-temperature conditions, using the aforementioned device for simulating ice impact testing of ship structures under low-temperature conditions, and including the following steps: S1. The ice block clamping component 8 clamps the ice block 7. At this time, the ship structure simulation ice block impact test device under low temperature environment is placed in the low temperature environment chamber, and the ice block 7 is located directly above the ship structure to be impacted.

[0040] S2. The lifting mechanism hoists the moving crossbeam 22 and slides it upward to the target height.

[0041] The second electromagnet 19 remains energized and attracts the moving beam 22 through magnetic attraction. The electric hoist 14 lifts the moving beam 22 upward. The two ends of the moving beam 22 slide along the two vertical slide rails 21 until they reach the target height, which is generally the highest point that the moving beam 22 can move.

[0042] S3. The lifting mechanism releases the moving crossbeam 22, which falls and slides vertically downwards until the ice block 7 hits the ship structure. At the same time as the ice block 7 hits the ship structure, the trigger rod 17 touches the pointer 30 for the first time. The elastic element rebounds the trigger rod 17, causing the moving crossbeam 22 to move upwards and fall again. Before the trigger rod 17 touches the pointer 30 again, the pointer 30 touches the button 27 under the rebound of the elastic element, turning on the power supply circuit. The two first electromagnets 11 generate magnetic attraction and are attracted to the support frame, thereby locking the moving crossbeam 22 on the support frame and preventing the ice block 7 from causing a secondary impact on the ship structure.

[0043] Specifically, when the moving beam 22 is at the target height, the second electromagnet 19 is de-energized, the magnetic attraction disappears, and the moving beam 22 is released, causing it to fall downwards. Simultaneously, as the ice block 7 impacts the ship's structure, the trigger lever 17 initially touches the pointer 30. The ice block 7 rebounds approximately 2cm upon impacting the ship's structure, causing it to bounce upwards. At the same time, the trigger lever 17 initially touches the pointer 30 and presses it down. The pressed end of the pointer 30 moves downwards, while the end above the button 27 tilts upwards. The upward rebound of the ice block 7 causes the moving beam 22 to move upwards, which in turn causes the trigger lever 17 to move upwards. The pointer 30 moves upward and separates from the pointer 30. The end of the pointer 30 below the trigger rod 17 will recover and bounce upward, while the end of the pointer 30 above the button 27 will move downward, contacting and pressing the button 27. This opens and closes the button, and the power supply circuit of the two first electromagnets 11 is turned on, so that the first electromagnets 11 generate magnetic attraction and are attracted to the two vertical slide rails 21, locking the moving beam 22 to the support frame. At this time, the rebounded ice block 7 has not yet fallen and hit the ship structure again, and the trigger rod 17 has not yet touched the pointer 30 again. This can effectively prevent the ice block 7 from causing a secondary impact on the ship structure.

[0044] In this document, the directional terms such as front, back, top, and bottom are defined based on the position of the components in the accompanying drawings and their relative positions to each other, solely for the purpose of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that these are relative concepts and can vary depending on different methods of use and placement; the use of these directional terms should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0045] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features described above can be combined with each other. The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for simulating ice impact testing of ship structures under low-temperature conditions, characterized in that, include: Supporting framework; A movable crossbeam is vertically slidably disposed within the support frame. Two first electromagnets are respectively provided at both ends of the movable crossbeam. A trigger rod and an ice block clamping component are also provided on the movable crossbeam. The ice block clamping component is used to clamp ice blocks. A lifting mechanism connected to the movable crossbeam for lifting and releasing the movable crossbeam; A trigger switch is provided below the moving crossbeam. The trigger switch includes a push switch, an elastic element, and a pointer. The push switch has a button on its upper part. The elastic element is located above the button. The pointer is fixedly connected to the elastic element in the middle, with one end extending above the button and the other end extending below the trigger rod. The push switch is connected to the power supply circuit of the two first electromagnets. When the moving crossbeam is released, the ice block impacts the object, and the trigger rod touches the pointer for the first time. The elastic element rebounds the trigger rod once. Before the trigger rod touches the pointer again, the pointer touches the button under the rebound of the elastic element, which turns on the power supply circuit. The two first electromagnets generate magnetic attraction and are attracted to the support frame, thereby locking the moving crossbeam to the support frame.

2. The device for simulating ice impact on ship structures under low-temperature conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the push switch is provided with a fixed post, the elastic element is a torsion spring, the torsion spring is sleeved on the fixed post, the middle part of the pointer is rotatably sleeved on the fixed post and fixedly connected to the torsion spring, and the pointer is located at the lower end of the trigger rod and tilted upward.

3. The device for simulating ice impact on ship structures under low-temperature conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger switch is located on the outer side of the moving crossbeam near the trigger rod, and one end of the pointer extends below the trigger rod.

4. The device for simulating ice impact on ship structures under low-temperature conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger lever is set horizontally.

5. The device for simulating ice impact on ship structures under low-temperature conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame is provided with two vertical slide rails arranged opposite each other. Two sliders are provided at both ends of the movable crossbeam. The two sliders are slidably arranged in the two vertical slide rails. The two first electromagnets are in sliding contact with the two vertical slide rails respectively.

6. The device for simulating ice impact on ship structures under low-temperature conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism is an electric hoist, which attracts the moving crossbeam via a second electromagnet.

7. The device for simulating ice impact on ship structures under low-temperature conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The ice block clamp is located in the middle of the movable crossbeam.

8. The device for simulating ice impact on ship structures under low-temperature conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting frame is a cuboid frame.

9. The device for simulating ice impact on ship structures under low-temperature conditions as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the support frame is equipped with multiple rollers.

10. A method for simulating ice impact testing of ship structures under low-temperature conditions, characterized in that: The device for simulating ice impact on ship structures under low-temperature conditions, as described in any one of claims 1-9, includes the following steps: S1. The ice block clamping component clamps ice blocks; S2. The lifting mechanism hoists the moving crossbeam and slides it upwards to the target height; S3. The lifting mechanism releases the moving crossbeam, which falls and slides vertically downwards until the ice block hits the ship structure. At the same time as the ice block hits the ship structure, the trigger rod touches the pointer for the first time. The elastic element rebounds the trigger rod, causing the moving crossbeam to move upwards and fall again. Before the trigger rod touches the pointer again, the pointer touches the button under the rebound of the elastic element, turning on the power supply circuit. The two first electromagnets generate magnetic attraction and are attracted to the support frame, thereby locking the moving crossbeam to the support frame and preventing the ice block from causing a secondary impact on the ship structure.

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