Process and equipment for preparing bio-organic fertilizer through co-fermentation of breeding waste and cultivation waste

Abstract

The application discloses a process and equipment for preparing bio-organic fertilizer through co-fermentation of breeding waste, and the process comprises the following steps: S1, breeding waste pretreatment: inputting the breeding waste into a solid-liquid separation equipment, and separating the breeding waste into solid waste and liquid waste through a physical separation method, wherein the physical separation method is mechanical extrusion or filtration; the equipment comprises a support seat and a horizontal fermentation tank rotatably installed on the support seat around a fixed axis, a stirring structure capable of reciprocating along the axial direction of the fermentation tank is arranged in the fermentation tank, and the stirring structure comprises two groups of stirring parts. The process is characterized in that: the first inoculation focuses on rapid temperature rise to start fermentation, the second inoculation strengthens humus depth, effectively reduces the residual undecomposed organic matter, and avoids burning the root system; the fermentation equipment is characterized in that: the two groups of stirring parts are synchronously and reversely rotated, the internal circulation stirring of the material along the length direction of the tank body is realized, and the disadvantage of the traditional horizontal tank that "only can be turned over, and cannot be axially mixed" is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of organic fertilizer preparation technology, and in particular to the process and equipment for preparing bio-organic fertilizer by co-fermentation of crop and livestock waste. Background Technology

[0002] Driven by the need for circular agricultural development, the resource utilization of crop and livestock waste such as straw and manure is becoming increasingly important. Bio-organic fertilizer is the mainstream form of its transformation, relying on microbial fermentation to achieve harmlessness and humification.

[0003] The current mainstream method is a single-stage aerobic fermentation process, which involves raw material pretreatment, mixed inoculation, single fermentation, and post-treatment to produce fertilizer. However, this process has significant bottlenecks: First, insufficient decomposition makes it difficult for microorganisms to simultaneously achieve rapid temperature rise and deep humification, easily leaving undecomposed organic matter, which can burn roots when applied to the soil; second, severe nutrient loss, with nitrogen volatilization or loss resulting in only 4%-6% of total nutrients, and difficulty in cultivating functional microbial communities; third, it is sensitive to fluctuations in raw material levels, easily causing fermentation to stall, and the addition of conditioning agents further dilutes nutrients.

[0004] The industry has optimized inoculants and equipment, but has not solved the problem of matching microbial communities with fermentation stages.

[0005] Currently, common fermenters (fermentation equipment) are of two types: tower type and horizontal type. Horizontal fermenters are more conducive to the mixing of fermenting materials and the subsequent addition of fermentation agents compared to tower fermentation equipment. However, horizontal fermenters also have corresponding drawbacks. Because the fermenters rotate along the same axis, the fermenting materials inside can only be tumbled along the length of the fermenter, but it cannot be ensured that the fermenting materials are mixed along the length of the fermenter, thus affecting the fermentation effect. Some horizontal fermenters are equipped with a stirring structure that can move axially, but the mixing effect is not good, and when the stirring rod on the stirring structure encounters high resistance during stirring, it cannot protect itself, resulting in overload of the power equipment or damage and breakage of the stirring rod.

[0006] Some methods involve transporting the mixed fermentation material into a fermentation tank for fermentation. This setup requires the investment of mixing equipment, which increases the cost and workload of fermentation.

[0007] Therefore, this application proposes a process and equipment for the co-fermentation of agricultural and livestock waste to prepare bio-organic fertilizer. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems by proposing a process and equipment for the co-fermentation of planting and breeding waste to prepare bio-organic fertilizer.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The process for preparing bio-organic fertilizer through co-fermentation of agricultural and livestock waste includes the following steps: S1, Pre-treatment of livestock waste: The livestock waste is fed into a solid-liquid separation device, and separated into solid waste and liquid waste by physical separation methods, such as mechanical extrusion or filtration. S2, Pre-treatment of planting waste: The straw is screened to remove stones, soil clods and other impurities, and then the screened straw is crushed to a length of 1-5 cm. S3, Mixing and Initial Inoculation: Mix the crushed straw and solid waste in a ratio of 3:7-7:3 (by weight) into the fermentation equipment. Add 0.1%-0.5% (by weight) of aerobic fermentation agent and stir thoroughly. Simultaneously, add liquid waste diluted 1:1-3 to the fermentation equipment to adjust the moisture content of the mixed material to 50%-60%. S4, Secondary Inoculation and Fermentation: Add 0.1%-0.3% (by weight) of aerobic fermentation agent and 10%-20% (by weight) of conditioner to the above material and proceed with fermentation. The fermentation process takes 7-10 days. S5, post-fermentation treatment: The material fermented in step S4 is crushed to a particle size of 0.5-2 mm. Microbial agents with specific functions are added and mixed evenly. The mixture is granulated using a disc granulator or extrusion granulator, with 2%-5% binder (starch or bentonite) added, controlling the particle size to 3-5 mm. The resulting granules are then dried in a dryer at 60-80℃ for 1-2 hours until the moisture content drops below 10%. After drying, the granules are sieved and packaged according to the specified weight.

[0010] Preferably, the aerobic fermentation agents in steps S3 and S4 both contain Bacillus and Actinomycetes.

[0011] Preferably, the conditioning agent in step S4 is sawdust or rice husk.

[0012] Preferably, the microbial agent with a specific function in step S5 is one or more of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a fermentation device for co-fermentation of planting and breeding waste to prepare bio-organic fertilizer. The fermentation device includes a support base and a horizontal fermentation tank that is rotatably mounted on the support base around a fixed axis. The fermenter is equipped with a stirring structure that can reciprocate along its axis. The stirring structure includes two sets of stirring parts. When the stirring structure moves along the axis, the two sets of stirring parts rotate synchronously in opposite directions to stir the fermented material along the length of the fermenter. The stirring part includes a rotating part and a telescopic stirring part movably mounted on the rotating part. The telescopic stirring part is provided with a preset resistance threshold. When the resistance encountered by the telescopic stirring part when stirring the fermented material is greater than a preset resistance threshold, the telescopic stirring part rotates relative to the rotating part and contracts along its length; when the resistance encountered by the telescopic stirring part is less than the preset resistance threshold, the telescopic stirring part returns to its initial state.

[0014] Preferably, the fermenter has rotating plates coaxially arranged at the middle of both ends, one of which is equipped with a motor, and the motor and the rotating plate are equipped with a conveying part that drives the stirring structure.

[0015] Preferably, the conveying unit includes a reciprocating lead screw rotatably mounted on two rotating plates. The reciprocating lead screw is connected to the output end of a motor. The outer wall of the reciprocating lead screw is provided with a guide groove arranged along the axis of the reciprocating lead screw. Guide rods are fixedly mounted on the two rotating plates.

[0016] Preferably, the stirring structure further includes a transmission part, which includes a sliding sleeve that slides on the guide rod. A transmission box is fixed at the bottom of the sliding sleeve. A connecting sleeve for use with a reciprocating screw is provided on the transmission box. The transmission box is provided with a first bevel gear and two second bevel gears for transmission engagement. The first bevel gear is rotatably mounted on the connecting sleeve and can rotate with the reciprocating screw.

[0017] Preferably, the rotating part includes a rotating shaft fixed coaxially with the second bevel gear, the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of annular grooves, and a winding wheel is provided coaxially in the annular grooves.

[0018] Preferably, the telescopic agitator includes a rotating cover that rotates within an annular groove and is used to accommodate a take-up reel. A torsion spring is installed between the rotating cover and the rotating shaft. A stirring tube is provided on the rotating cover. A repositionable stirring telescopic rod is slidably connected inside the stirring tube. A pull rope is provided on the stirring telescopic rod and is wound around the take-up reel.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. The phased introduction of microbial communities during the initial inoculation (0.1%-0.5% aerobic bacterial agent) and the second inoculation (0.1%-0.3% aerobic bacterial agent) in S4 adapts to the needs of different fermentation stages: the initial inoculation focuses on rapid temperature rise to start fermentation, while the second inoculation strengthens deep humification, effectively reducing the residue of undecomposed organic matter and avoiding root burn.

[0020] 2. The liquid waste is diluted and used to adjust the moisture content, replacing the traditional external water source and realizing the recycling of nutrients; combined with conditioners such as sawdust and rice husks, the aeration is optimized and nitrogen volatilization is reduced, and the total nutrient and organic matter content of the finished product is significantly increased (the organic matter content in the example is 42.3%-51.2%, far exceeding the national standard requirement of ≥40%).

[0021] 3. The horizontal fermenter itself can rotate and turn the material through a drive structure (gear ring, transmission gear), while the internal stirring structure moves back and forth along the axis, and the two sets of stirring parts rotate synchronously in opposite directions, realizing internal circulation stirring of the material along the length of the tank, solving the drawback of traditional horizontal tanks that "can only turn but cannot mix axially". The fermentation material is directly mixed, inoculated and fermented inside the tank, without the need for additional mixing equipment, reducing equipment investment and operation steps.

[0022] 4. The telescopic agitator of the mixing unit is equipped with a preset resistance threshold: when the resistance exceeds the threshold, the rotating cover rotates relative to the rotating shaft, and the telescopic agitator retracts to reduce the contact area with the material and thus reduce resistance; it automatically resets after the resistance is reduced. This structure avoids breakage of the mixing components or motor overload due to excessive resistance, and the multiple telescopic agitators work independently, reducing the risk of material jamming and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0023] 5. During the normal rotation of the telescopic stirring part, the torsion spring can gradually reset the telescopic stirring part, and the telescopic stirring rod will also gradually reset. When the above-mentioned resistance is high, it will be retracted again. In other words, the telescopic stirring rod can adaptively mix and stir during the rotation and stirring process, ensuring the mixing quality while also protecting itself.

[0024] 6. Multiple telescopic stirring parts are set independently, meaning they can rotate and extend independently. This effectively prevents the fermented material from getting stuck between two telescopic stirring parts, thereby reducing the resistance to the rotation of the telescopic stirring parts.

[0025] In summary, the process of this invention focuses on rapid temperature rise to start fermentation during the first inoculation and strengthens deep humification during the second inoculation, effectively reducing the residue of undecomposed organic matter and avoiding root burn. The fermentation equipment achieves internal circulation mixing of materials along the length of the tank by synchronously rotating two sets of stirring parts in opposite directions, solving the drawback of traditional horizontal tanks that "can only turn over and cannot mix axially". Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fermentation equipment for preparing bio-organic fertilizer from co-fermentation of agricultural and livestock waste proposed in this invention. Figure 2 Rear view of the fermentation equipment for preparing bio-organic fertilizer by co-fermentation of agricultural and livestock waste according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of the fermentation equipment for preparing bio-organic fertilizer from the co-fermentation of crop and livestock waste, as proposed in this invention. Figure 4 A perspective view of the fermentation equipment for preparing bio-organic fertilizer by co-fermentation of crop and livestock waste, as proposed in this invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the support base and drive structure in the fermentation equipment for preparing bio-organic fertilizer by co-fermentation of planting and breeding waste proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the stirring structure and transmission unit in the fermentation equipment for preparing bio-organic fertilizer from co-fermentation of agricultural and livestock waste proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the stirring structure in the fermentation equipment for preparing bio-organic fertilizer from co-fermentation of agricultural and livestock waste proposed in this invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal transmission part of the fermentation equipment for preparing bio-organic fertilizer by co-fermentation of agricultural and livestock waste proposed in this invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating part in the fermentation equipment for preparing bio-organic fertilizer from co-fermentation of agricultural and livestock waste proposed in this invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic stirring part in the fermentation equipment for preparing bio-organic fertilizer from co-fermentation of agricultural and livestock waste proposed in this invention. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled stirring tube in the fermentation equipment for preparing bio-organic fertilizer from co-fermentation of planting and breeding waste proposed in this invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 100 Support base, 110 First support, 120 Second support, 200 Horizontal fermenter, 210 Motor, 220 Rotary plate, 230 Conveying unit, 231 Guide rod, 232 Reciprocating screw, 2321 Guide groove, 240 Stirring structure, 250 Conveying pipe, 241 Telescopic stirring unit, 2411 Stirring telescopic rod, 2412 Stirring pipe, 2413 Rotating cover, 2414 Torsion spring, 2415 Fixing ring, 2 416 Spring, 2417 Pull rope, 242 Transmission part, 2421 Sliding sleeve, 2422 Transmission box, 2423 First bevel gear, 2424 Guide block, 2425 Second bevel gear, 2426 Connecting sleeve, 243 Rotating part, 2431 Rotating shaft, 2432 Annular groove, 2433 Rewinding wheel, 300 Drive structure, 310 Annular rail, 330 Transmission gear, 340 Support wheel, 350 Reducer, 360 Gear ring. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0029] The specific implementation example of the process for preparing bio-organic fertilizer through co-fermentation of agricultural and livestock waste is as follows: Example 1 S1, Pre-treatment of livestock waste: Pig manure livestock waste is fed into a solid-liquid separation device, and a physical separation method of mechanical extrusion is used to separate solid pig manure and liquid pig manure.

[0030] S2, Pre-treatment of planting waste: Select wheat straw, screen it to remove stones, soil clods and other impurities, and then crush it to a length of about 3 cm.

[0031] S3, Mixing and Initial Inoculation: Mix crushed wheat straw and solid pig manure in a 5:5 ratio by weight in a fermentation tank until homogeneous. Add 0.3% (by weight of the mixture) of aerobic fermentation inoculant containing Bacillus and Actinomycetes, and stir well. Add liquid pig manure diluted 1:2 to adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 55%.

[0032] S4, Secondary inoculation and fermentation: Add 0.2% by weight of aerobic fermentation agent containing Bacillus and Actinomycetes and 15% sawdust to the above materials for fermentation treatment. The fermentation cycle is 8 days.

[0033] S5, Post-fermentation treatment: The fermented material is crushed to a particle size of 1 mm, and a mixed inoculant of nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is added and mixed evenly. Granulation is performed using a disc granulator, with 3% starch added as a binder to control the particle size at 4 mm. The granules are then fed into a dryer and dried at 70℃ for 1.5 hours to reduce the moisture content to 8%. After drying, the granules are sieved and packaged in 25 kg bags.

[0034] Example 2 S1, Pre-treatment of livestock waste: The livestock waste of cattle manure is fed into a solid-liquid separation device, and a physical separation method of filtration is used to separate solid cattle manure and liquid cattle manure.

[0035] S2, Pre-treatment of planting waste: Select corn stalks, screen them to remove stones, soil clods and other impurities, and then crush them to a length of about 2 cm.

[0036] S3, Mixing and Initial Inoculation: Mix crushed corn stalks and solid cow manure in a 3:7 mass ratio in a fermentation tank until homogeneous. Add 0.1% (by weight of the mixture) of aerobic fermentation inoculant containing Bacillus and Actinomycetes, and stir well. Add liquid cow manure diluted 1:1 to adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 50%.

[0037] S4, Secondary inoculation and fermentation: Add 0.1% by weight of aerobic fermentation agent containing Bacillus and Actinomycetes and 10% rice husks to the above materials for fermentation treatment. The fermentation cycle is 7 days.

[0038] S5, Post-fermentation treatment: Crush the fermented material to a particle size of 0.5 mm, add potassium-solubilizing bacteria agent and mix evenly. Granulate using an extrusion granulator, adding 2% bentonite as a binder during granulation, controlling the particle size to 3 mm. Send the granules to a dryer and dry at 60℃ for 2 hours to reduce the moisture content to 9%. After drying, sieve and package in 50 kg bags.

[0039] Example 3 S1, Pre-treatment of livestock waste: Chicken manure livestock waste is fed into a solid-liquid separation device, and a physical separation method of mechanical extrusion is used to separate solid chicken manure and liquid chicken manure.

[0040] S2, Pre-treatment of planting waste: Select rice straw, screen it to remove stones, soil clods and other impurities, and then crush it to a length of about 5 cm.

[0041] S3, Mixing and Initial Inoculation: Mix crushed rice straw and solid chicken manure in a 7:3 mass ratio in a fermentation tank until homogeneous. Add 0.5% (by weight of the mixture) of aerobic fermentation inoculant containing Bacillus and Actinomycetes, and stir well. Add liquid chicken manure diluted 1:3 to adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 60%.

[0042] S4, Secondary inoculation and fermentation: Add 0.3% by weight of aerobic fermentation agent containing Bacillus and Actinomycetes and 20% sawdust to the above materials for fermentation treatment. The fermentation cycle is 10 days.

[0043] S5, Post-fermentation treatment: The fermented material is pulverized to a particle size of 2 mm. A mixed inoculant of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria is added and mixed thoroughly. Granulation is performed using a disc granulator, with 5% starch added as a binder to control the particle size at 5 mm. The granules are then fed into a dryer and dried at 80℃ for 1 hour to reduce the moisture content to 7%. After drying, the granules are sieved and packaged in 10 kg bags.

[0044] The table below shows the quality test data for the finished bio-organic fertilizer:

[0045] like Figures 1-11 As shown, the present invention also discloses a fermentation device for co-fermentation of planting and breeding waste to prepare bio-organic fertilizer. The fermentation device includes a support base 100 and a horizontal fermentation tank 200 rotatably mounted on the support base 100 about a fixed axis. The fermentation tank 200 is equipped with a stirring structure 240 that can reciprocate along its axis. The stirring structure 240 includes two sets of stirring parts. When the stirring structure 240 moves along the axis, the two sets of stirring parts rotate synchronously in opposite directions to stir the fermented material along the length of the fermentation tank 200. The stirring part includes a rotating part 243 and a telescopic stirring part 241 movably mounted on the rotating part 243. The telescopic stirring part 241 is provided with a preset resistance threshold. When the resistance encountered by the telescopic stirring part 241 when stirring the fermentation material is greater than the preset resistance threshold, the telescopic stirring part 241 rotates relative to the rotating part 243 and contracts along its length; when the resistance encountered by the telescopic stirring part 241 is less than the preset resistance threshold, the telescopic stirring part 241 returns to its initial state.

[0046] The horizontal fermenter 200 rotates via a drive structure 300 mounted on a support base 100, such as... Figures 1-5 As shown, the drive structure 300 includes multiple sets of support wheels 340 and transmission gears 330 mounted on the support base 100. An annular rail 310 and a toothed ring 360 are fixed to the outside of the fermentation tank 200. The support wheels 340 abut against the annular rail 310 to support the fermentation tank 200. The transmission gears 330 mesh with the toothed ring 360. The rotation of the transmission gears 330 can drive the toothed ring 360 and the fermentation tank 200 to rotate.

[0047] The annular rail 310 and the toothed ring 360 are provided with protruding limiting rings on both sides, which are used to limit the support wheel 340 and the transmission gear 330 to ensure stable transmission and support.

[0048] The support base 100 is equipped with a speed reducer 350. The output end of the speed reducer 350 and one of the transmission gears 330 are equipped with transmission wheels. The two transmission wheels are driven by a transmission belt. In this way, the speed reducer 350 can transmit power to the transmission gear 330 through the transmission.

[0049] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, a rotating plate 220 is coaxially mounted at the middle of both ends of the fermentation tank 200, that is, a through groove is provided through the middle of the fermentation tank 200, and the rotating plate 220 rotates in a sealed manner within the through groove; a motor 210 is mounted on one of the rotating plates 220, and a first bracket 110 and a second bracket 120 are mounted on the support base 100. The motor 210 is mounted on the upper end of the second bracket 120. The rotating plate 220 is fixed to the first bracket 110 and the second bracket 120 by a tie rod, which can position the rotating plate 220; a conveying part 230 that drives the stirring structure 240 to move is mounted on the motor 210 and the rotating plate 220.

[0050] In addition, glass windows, air supply pipes, pressure relief valves, etc. can be installed on the rotating plate 220.

[0051] A conveying pipe 250 is installed on the fermenter 200 near the first support 110. The conveying pipe 250 is equipped with a flange, which can be connected to an external auger to convey fermented materials or add fermentation agents, etc.

[0052] A door can be installed on the outer wall or one end of the fermentation tank 200 to allow access to the fermentation tank 200 for internal cleaning or maintenance of the internal structure.

[0053] like Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the conveying unit 230 includes a reciprocating screw 232 rotatably mounted on two rotating plates 220. The reciprocating screw 232 is connected to the output end of the motor 210, and the reciprocating screw 232 is connected to the output end of the motor 210 through a coupling. The outer wall of the reciprocating screw 232 is provided with a guide groove 2321 arranged along the axial direction of the reciprocating screw 232. Guide rods 231 are fixedly mounted on the two rotating plates 220. The guide rods 231 are located above the reciprocating screw 232 and are used to guide the stirring structure 240.

[0054] like Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the stirring structure 240 also includes a transmission part 242. The transmission part 242 includes a sliding sleeve 2421 that slides on the guide rod 231. A transmission box 2422 is fixed to the bottom of the sliding sleeve 2421. A connecting sleeve 2426 that works with the reciprocating screw 232 is provided on the transmission box 2422. The connecting sleeve 2426 passes through the transmission box 2422 and is fixedly connected to it. The transmission box 2422 is provided with a first bevel gear 2423 and two second bevel gears 2425 that mesh with the first bevel gear 2423. The two second bevel gears 2425 are meshed with the first bevel gear 2423 and are arranged opposite to each other. A sleeve is coaxially fixed on the second bevel gear 2425. The sleeve is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the transmission box 2422 through a bearing. The first bevel gear 2423 is rotatably mounted on the connecting sleeve 2426 and can rotate with the reciprocating screw 232. The first bevel gear 2423 has a through hole in its middle, which is fitted around the outside of the reciprocating screw 232 and slides against it. A guide block 2424 is fixed to the inner wall of the through hole and is slidably connected in the guide groove 2321. Thus, when the reciprocating screw 232 rotates, it can drive the guide block 2424 and the first bevel gear 2423 to rotate. In order to reduce friction, a PTFE film can be provided in the guide block 2424, the inside of the through hole, and the inner wall of the guide groove 2321 to reduce friction.

[0055] like Figure 9 As shown, the rotating part 243 includes a rotating shaft 2431 coaxially fixed with the second bevel gear 2425. The rotating shaft 2431 passes through the sleeve and is sealed and fixed thereto. The rotating shaft 2431 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 2432, which are linearly arrayed along the axis of the rotating shaft 2431. A winding wheel 2433 is coaxially arranged in the annular groove 2432, and a groove for storing the pull rope 2417 is provided on the outside of the winding wheel 2433.

[0056] like Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the telescopic stirring part 241 includes a rotating cover 2413 that rotates within an annular groove 2432 and is used to accommodate a winding wheel 2433, the winding wheel 2433 being located within the rotating cover 2413; a torsion spring 2414 is installed between the rotating cover 2413 and the rotating shaft 2431, the torsion spring 2414 being used to reset the rotating cover 2413; a stirring tube 2412 is provided on the rotating cover 2413, wherein a mounting hole is passed through the rotating cover 2413, and the stirring tube 2412 is welded and fixed to the rotating cover 2413; A repositionable stirring telescopic rod 2411 is slidably connected inside the stirring tube 2412. The length of the stirring telescopic rod 2411 gradually increases from the outside to the inside, thereby allowing for better stirring of the fermentation material. A sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the stirring tube 2412, and the stirring telescopic rod 2411 is slidably connected inside the sealing ring to prevent the fermentation liquid from entering the interior of the stirring tube 2412. A fixing ring 2415 is fixed on the inner wall of the stirring tube 2412, and a spring 2416 is fixed on the fixing ring 2415. The other end of the spring 2416 is connected to the telescopic stirring rod 2411.

[0057] The stirring telescopic rod 2411 is equipped with a pull rope 2417, which is wound around the winding wheel 2433 and passes through the fixing ring 2415. The pull rope 2417 can be a nylon rope or a steel wire rope, etc.

[0058] The specific fermentation and mixing process is as follows: The fermentation material (farming and breeding waste) is transported to the fermentation tank 200 through the conveying pipe 250. Then, when the drive structure 300, i.e. the reducer 350, is started, it drives the transmission wheel, transmission belt and transmission gear 330 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission gear 330 drives the gear ring 360 to rotate, which in turn drives the fermentation tank 220 to rotate. The rotation of the fermentation tank 220 causes the fermented material inside to turn over, achieving preliminary mixing.

[0059] Then start the motor 210. When the motor 210 is working, its output end drives the reciprocating screw 232 to rotate. Since the sliding sleeve 2421 cannot rotate under the guidance of the guide rod 231, the transmission box 2422 also cannot rotate. Therefore, when the reciprocating screw 232 rotates, the connecting sleeve 2426 fixed on the transmission box 2422 moves back and forth linearly on the reciprocating screw 232. At the same time, when the reciprocating screw 232 rotates, it drives the guide block 2424 and the first bevel gear 2423 to rotate. When the first bevel gear 2423 rotates, it drives the two second bevel gears 2425 to rotate, and the two second bevel gears 2425 rotate in opposite directions. The rotation of the second bevel gears 2425 drives the sleeve and the rotating shaft 2431 to rotate, which in turn drives the multiple telescopic stirring parts 241 to rotate.

[0060] like Figure 6 As shown, since the two telescopic stirring parts 241 rotate in opposite directions and move with the transmission box 2422, the fermentation material can be stirred and transported in both directions during the reciprocating movement. This allows the fermentation material to achieve internal circulation in the length direction within the fermentation tank 200. This eliminates the drawback of transporting the mixed fermentation material into the fermentation tank 200 for fermentation as in the prior art, and also solves the problem of poor mixing effect during horizontal fermentation in the prior art.

[0061] The present invention can effectively ensure the fermentation effect. As the fermentation tank 200 rotates, the fermentation material is turned over. At the same time, the telescopic stirring part 241 can move and stir along the length of the fermentation tank 200, thereby ensuring the mixing effect.

[0062] The rotation of the telescopic stirring part 241 is specifically as follows: the rotating shaft 2431 drives the rotating cover 2413 to rotate, which in turn drives the stirring tube 2412 and the stirring telescopic rod 2411 to rotate. It should be noted that the torsion spring 2414 provided here can be selected with a suitable torque. Rotation will only occur when the stirring tube 2412 and the stirring telescopic rod 2411 come into contact with the fermented material during rotation, or move in the fermented material, or detach from the fermented material and drive part of the fermented material to move upward. The torque of the torsion spring 2414 must be greater than the threshold value of the torsion spring 2414. Further explanation: When the stirring tube 2412 and the telescopic stirring rod 2411 experience significant resistance during agitation, exceeding the threshold of the torsion spring 2414, the rotating shaft 2431 and the rotating cover 2413 rotate relative to each other. The rotation of the rotating shaft 2413 drives the winding wheel 2433 to rotate, which in turn winds up the pull rope 2417, causing the telescopic stirring rod 2411 to retract into the stirring tube 2412. This reduces the contact area between the telescopic stirring part 241 and the fermented material, thereby reducing the resistance and ensuring that the telescopic stirring part 241 can rotate. This prevents the resistance from becoming too high and being unable to be relieved, which could lead to the breakage of the telescopic stirring part or overload damage to the motor 210.

[0063] During the normal rotation of the telescopic stirring part 241, the torsion spring 2414 enables the telescopic stirring part 241 to gradually return to its original position, and the telescopic stirring rod 2411 will also gradually return to its original position. When the resistance is high, it will retract again. In other words, the telescopic stirring rod 2411 can adaptively mix and stir during the rotation and stirring process, ensuring the quality of mixing and stirring while also protecting itself.

[0064] In addition, the multiple telescopic stirring parts 241 are set separately, that is, they can rotate and extend independently. This effectively avoids the fermentation material from getting stuck between two telescopic stirring parts 241, thereby reducing the resistance to the rotation of the telescopic stirring parts 241.

[0065] After fermentation is complete, the fermented material can be discharged through the conveying pipe 250.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fermentation device for co-fermenting agricultural and livestock waste to prepare bio-organic fertilizer, characterized in that, The fermentation equipment includes a support base (100) and a horizontal fermenter (200) rotatably mounted on the support base (100) about a fixed axis. The fermentation tank (200) is equipped with a stirring structure (240) that can reciprocate along its axis. The stirring structure (240) includes two sets of stirring parts. When the stirring structure (240) moves along the axis, the two sets of stirring parts rotate synchronously in opposite directions to stir the fermented material along the length of the fermentation tank (200). The stirring part includes a rotating part (243) and a telescopic stirring part (241) movably mounted on the rotating part (243). The telescopic stirring part (241) is provided with a preset resistance threshold. When the resistance encountered by the telescopic stirring part (241) when stirring the fermented material is greater than a preset resistance threshold, the telescopic stirring part (241) rotates relative to the rotating part (243) and contracts along its length; when the resistance encountered by the telescopic stirring part (241) is less than the preset resistance threshold, the telescopic stirring part (241) returns to its initial state. The telescopic stirring part (241) includes a rotating cover (2413) that rotates in an annular groove (2432) and is used to accommodate a take-up reel (2433). A torsion spring (2414) is installed between the rotating cover (2413) and the rotating shaft (2431). A stirring tube (2412) is provided on the rotating cover (2413). A resetting stirring telescopic rod (2411) is slidably connected inside the stirring tube (2412). A pull rope (2417) is provided on the stirring telescopic rod (2411). The pull rope (2417) is wound around the take-up reel (2433).

2. The fermentation equipment for co-fermenting crop and livestock waste to prepare bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fermenter (200) has a rotating plate (220) coaxially arranged at the middle of both ends. A motor (210) is installed on one of the rotating plates (220). A conveying part (230) that drives the stirring structure (240) to move is installed on the motor (210) and the rotating plate (220).

3. The fermentation equipment for co-fermenting agricultural and livestock waste to prepare bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conveying unit (230) includes a reciprocating screw (232) rotatably mounted on two rotating plates (220). The reciprocating screw (232) is connected to the output end of a motor (210). The outer wall of the reciprocating screw (232) is provided with a guide groove (2321) arranged along the axial direction of the reciprocating screw (232). Guide rods (231) are fixedly mounted on the two rotating plates (220).

4. The fermentation equipment for co-fermentation of agricultural and livestock waste to prepare bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stirring structure (240) further includes a transmission part (242), which includes a sliding sleeve (2421) that slides on the guide rod (231). A transmission box (2422) is fixed at the bottom of the sliding sleeve (2421). A connecting sleeve (2426) for use with the reciprocating screw (232) is provided on the transmission box (2422). The transmission box (2422) is provided with a first bevel gear (2423) and two second bevel gears (2425) for transmission engagement. The first bevel gear (2423) is rotatably mounted on the connecting sleeve (2426) and can rotate with the reciprocating screw (232).

5. The fermentation equipment for co-fermenting agricultural and livestock waste to prepare bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating part (243) includes a rotating shaft (2431) coaxially fixed with the second bevel gear (2425). The rotating shaft (2431) is provided with a plurality of annular grooves (2432), and a winding wheel (2433) coaxially arranged in the annular grooves (2432).

Images