Fluidized bed granule heat exchanger

Abstract

The application discloses a fluidized bed particle heat exchange device, which comprises an outer protective shell and an inner heat storage shell, the heat storage shell is arranged in the protective shell, the protective shell is fixedly arranged, the heat storage shell can rotate in the protective shell, and an insulation gap is arranged between the heat storage shell and the protective shell; a plurality of horizontal transverse net-shaped partitions are arranged in the heat storage shell, the space in the heat storage shell is divided into a plurality of layers by the transverse net-shaped partitions, and solid heat storage particles are arranged on each layer of the transverse net-shaped partitions. The energy storage shell is arranged in a rotatable structure, the solid heat storage particles in the energy storage shell rotate correspondingly under the rotation, and the medium entering the energy storage shell generates turbulence and fluctuation, so that the medium and the solid heat storage particles can be in full contact, and the heat exchange efficiency and quality are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to particle energy storage and heat exchange technology in the fields of solar thermal power generation, grid energy storage, and industrial thermal storage, specifically to a fluidized bed particle heat exchange device. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, fluidized bed particle thermal energy storage is a highly efficient thermal energy storage technology. It utilizes fluidized particles as the thermal storage medium, achieving the storage and release of thermal energy through heat exchange between the particles and the fluid; specific structures include... Figure 6 As shown, stacked solid thermal storage particles are installed inside a thermal storage shell. When the feed pipe at the top enters the hot medium, the solid thermal storage particles exchange heat with the hot medium, thereby storing heat in the solid thermal storage particles. When heat needs to be released, the feed pipe enters the cold medium, where heat exchange occurs between the cold medium and the solid thermal storage particles, transferring heat to the cold medium to complete the heat exchange process. This completes the heat storage and release process, enabling the storage of heat. It can be widely used in industrial heat storage, solar thermal utilization, and thermal power generation technology, effectively saving energy and reducing production costs.

[0003] Existing fluidized bed particle heat storage equipment typically requires the use of solid heat storage particles. For example, the technical solution of "A fluidized bed heat exchanger for effective circulation of solid particles" disclosed in CN107764108B includes a system consisting of a connecting pipe, an upper branch pipe, a lower branch pipe, a downcomer, and a horizontal pipe. Three elastic baffles are installed on the upper branch pipe for an external circulation fluidized bed heat exchanger, promoting effective circulation of solid particles within the exchanger. Similarly, the technical solution of "A fluidized bed solid particle heat exchange system" disclosed in CN111457765A effectively preheats the fluidized bed heat exchanger and pre-filling material, preventing high-temperature particles from entering the heat exchanger and causing excessively rapid temperature rise, which could shorten the heat exchanger's lifespan.

[0004] The aforementioned technical solutions can all improve the heat exchange efficiency and quality of solid thermal storage particles. However, in practical applications, whether it's the recycling of solid thermal storage particles or the improvement of heat exchange efficiency through preheating, they all overlook the significant impact of the installation of solid thermal storage particles within the overall device on heat exchange efficiency. In existing technologies, solid thermal storage particles are typically fixed inside the shell, and their position is usually immobile. With this setup, regardless of whether the medium is gas or fluid, when the medium passes through the spherical solid thermal storage particles, it flows from the front side of the particles. Since solid thermal storage particles are usually spherical, a heat exchange dead zone is created at the rear of the particles. This dead zone makes it difficult for heat to be effectively transferred within the particle accumulation area, resulting in a heat exchange efficiency far below the system average. This leads to a decrease in heat storage or release rates and an increase in energy loss, which is one of the core issues restricting system performance. Similarly, it also results in uneven contact areas between each solid thermal storage particle and the medium, leading to uneven heating of each particle and varying heat exchange efficiencies, severely affecting both heat exchange efficiency and quality.

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is necessary to develop a fluidized bed particle thermal storage device that can significantly improve heat exchange efficiency and heat exchange quality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a fluidized bed particle heat exchanger; the technical solution is as follows:

[0007] A fluidized bed particle heat exchanger includes an outer protective shell and an inner heat storage shell. The heat storage shell is correspondingly disposed inside the protective shell, which is fixedly disposed. The heat storage shell can rotate within the protective shell, and a heat insulation gap is provided between the heat storage shell and the protective shell. Several layers of horizontal transverse mesh partitions are also installed inside the heat storage shell, dividing the space inside the heat storage shell into several layers. Solid heat storage particles are placed on each layer of transverse mesh partitions. A feed pipe extending out of the protective shell is installed at the upper end of the heat storage shell, and a discharge pipe extending out of the protective shell is installed at the lower end.

[0008] It also includes a rotary drive mechanism that drives the thermal storage shell to rotate within the protective shell. When the internal thermal storage shell rotates under the action of the rotary drive mechanism, the internal solid thermal storage particles rotate accordingly. At the same time, the medium entering through the upper feed pipe exchanges heat with the solid thermal storage particles, and the medium is then discharged from the lower discharge pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotary drive mechanism includes an outer gear ring disposed on the outer wall of the upper end of the heat storage shell and a rotary motor mounted on the upper end of the protective shell. The main shaft of the rotary motor extends downward into the heat insulation gap, and a drive gear is mounted on the shaft end. The position of the drive gear corresponds to the position of the outer gear ring. The drive gear meshes with the outer gear ring, thereby realizing the rotation of the internal heat storage shell through the rotary motor and the cooperation of the drive gear and the outer gear ring.

[0010] Furthermore, bearing components are installed on both the feed pipe and the discharge pipe. By installing the bearing components in relation to the upper and lower ends of the protective housing, the feed pipe and the discharge pipe can achieve feeding and discharging while rotating.

[0011] Furthermore, each layer of horizontal mesh partitions is also equipped with vertical mesh partitions. The vertical mesh partitions are configured as annular plate structures, and there are several layers of vertical mesh partitions. Adjacent vertical mesh partitions on the horizontal mesh partitions of the same layer form annular placement spaces. The solid heat storage particles are correspondingly placed in the placement spaces, and when the heat storage shell rotates, the solid heat storage shell rotates along with it in the annular placement spaces.

[0012] Furthermore, the solid heat storage particles include a spherical shell made of stainless steel, and the spherical shell is filled with binary molten salt, through which heat exchange occurs between the binary molten salt in the spherical shell and the medium.

[0013] Furthermore, each spherical shell is provided with a protruding positioning post at the top and bottom, and the transverse mesh partition is provided with a positioning groove corresponding to the position of the positioning post. When the solid heat storage particles are placed in the placement space, the positioning posts at the top and bottom of the spherical shell are correspondingly embedded into the positioning grooves of the transverse mesh partitions of the upper and lower layers, thereby fixing the solid heat storage particles in the placement space.

[0014] The positioning post is embedded in the positioning groove, which allows the solid thermal storage particles to rotate. When the thermal storage shell rotates, the solid thermal storage particles move with the thermal storage shell, but do not roll inside the thermal storage shell. The solid thermal storage particles can rotate under the constraint of the positioning post and the positioning groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the installation positions of the solid thermal storage particles in the upper and lower adjacent layers of the thermal storage shell are staggered, and the solid thermal storage particles in the upper and lower adjacent layers do not overlap in the vertical direction, but are staggered; so that the medium left from the gap between the upper solid thermal storage particles can just touch the lower solid thermal storage particles.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1) The present invention sets the internal energy storage shell into a rotatable structure. When rotating, it drives the internal solid heat storage particles to rotate accordingly, and causes the medium entering the interior to generate turbulence and fluctuations, so that there are no dead angles in the contact between the medium and the solid energy storage medium. The medium can achieve full contact with the solid heat storage particles, effectively improving heat exchange efficiency and heat exchange quality.

[0018] 2) In addition to the horizontal mesh partitions, the energy storage shell of this invention also has vertical mesh partitions and corresponding solid thermal storage particles that are fixed inside. The solid thermal storage particles are placed in the placement space, which reduces the collision between the solid thermal storage particles inside and improves the service life of the solid thermal storage particles. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the installation position of the vertical mesh partition in this invention;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 BB section view;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the structure and installation of the solid thermal storage particles in this invention;

[0024] Figure 6 Diagram of existing technology structure;

[0025] The components include: protective shell 1, heat storage shell 2, heat insulation gap 3, transverse mesh partition 4, solid heat storage particles 5, spherical shell 501, binary molten salt 502, positioning column 503, positioning groove 504, feed pipe 6, discharge pipe 7, external gear ring 8, rotary motor 9, drive gear 10, bearing component 11, and vertical mesh partition 12. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are implemented based on the technical solutions of the present invention, and it should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a fluidized bed particle heat exchanger includes an outer protective shell 1 and an inner heat storage shell 2. The heat storage shell 2 is correspondingly disposed inside the protective shell 1. The protective shell 1 is fixedly disposed, and the heat storage shell 2 can rotate correspondingly inside the protective shell 1. A heat insulation gap 3 is provided between the heat storage shell 2 and the protective shell 1. Several layers of horizontal transverse mesh partitions 4 are also installed inside the heat storage shell 2. The space inside the heat storage shell 2 is divided into several layers by the transverse mesh partitions 4. Solid heat storage particles 5 are placed on each layer of transverse mesh partitions 4. A feed pipe 6 extending out of the protective shell 1 is installed at the upper end of the heat storage shell 2, and a discharge pipe 7 extending out of the protective shell 1 is installed at the lower end.

[0028] It also includes a rotation drive mechanism that drives the heat storage shell 2 to rotate within the protective shell 1. When the heat storage shell 2 rotates under the action of the rotation drive mechanism, the solid heat storage particles 5 inside rotate as well. At the same time, the medium entering through the feed pipe 6 on the upper side exchanges heat with the solid heat storage particles 5, and the medium is then discharged from the discharge pipe 7 at the lower end.

[0029] The rotary drive mechanism includes an outer gear ring 8 disposed on the outer wall of the upper end of the heat storage shell 2 and a rotary motor 9 mounted on the upper end of the protective shell 1. The main shaft of the rotary motor 9 extends downward into the heat insulation gap 3, and a drive gear 10 is mounted on the shaft end. The position of the drive gear 10 corresponds to the position of the outer gear ring 8. The drive gear 10 meshes with the outer gear ring 8, thereby realizing the rotation of the internal heat storage shell 2 through the rotary motor 9 and the cooperation of the drive gear 10 and the outer gear ring 8.

[0030] Bearing components 11 are installed on both the feed pipe 6 and the discharge pipe 7. The bearing components 11 are installed in relation to the upper and lower ends of the protective housing 1, so that the feed pipe 6 and the discharge pipe 7 can feed and discharge materials while rotating.

[0031] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, each layer of horizontal mesh partition 4 is also equipped with a vertical mesh partition 12. The vertical mesh partition 12 is set as an annular plate structure. There are several layers of vertical mesh partition 12. An annular placement space is formed between adjacent vertical mesh partitions 12 on the horizontal mesh partition 4 of the same layer. Solid heat storage particles 5 are correspondingly placed in the placement space. When the heat storage shell 2 rotates, the solid heat storage shell 2 rotates with it in the annular placement space.

[0032] like Figure 5As shown, the solid heat storage particle 5 includes a spherical shell 501 made of stainless steel, and the spherical shell 501 is filled with a binary molten salt 502. Heat exchange is generated between the binary molten salt 502 in the spherical shell 501 and the medium. In this invention, the binary molten salt 502 has a melting point of 220°C and an operating temperature of 250-530°C. It is made of 40% KNO3 and 60% NaNO3, which is commonly known as solar salt.

[0033] Each spherical shell 501 is provided with a protruding positioning post 503 at its upper and lower ends, and the transverse mesh partition 4 is provided with a positioning groove 504 corresponding to the position of the positioning post 503. When the solid heat storage particles 5 are placed in the placement space, the positioning posts 503 at the upper and lower ends of the spherical shell 501 are correspondingly embedded into the positioning grooves 504 of the transverse mesh partition 4 of the upper and lower layers, thereby fixing the solid heat storage particles 5 in the placement space.

[0034] The positioning post 503 is embedded in the positioning groove 504, which allows the solid thermal storage particles 5 to rotate. When the thermal storage shell 2 rotates, the solid thermal storage particles 5 move with the thermal storage shell 2, but will not roll inside the thermal storage shell 2. The solid thermal storage particles 5 can rotate under the restriction of the positioning post 503 and the positioning groove 504.

[0035] The installation positions of the solid thermal storage particles 5 in the upper and lower adjacent layers inside the thermal storage shell 2 are staggered. The solid thermal storage particles 5 in the upper and lower adjacent layers do not overlap in the vertical direction, but are staggered. This ensures that the medium left from the gap between the upper solid thermal storage particles 5 comes into contact with the lower solid thermal storage particles 5.

[0036] The main working process of this invention is as follows: In the technical solution of this invention, the heat medium first enters through the feed pipe 6 and exchanges heat with each layer of solid heat storage particles 5. Then, the heat medium is discharged through the discharge pipe 7, and the heat is stored in the solid heat storage particles 5. When heat exchange is required, the cold medium enters through the feed pipe 6 and also exchanges heat with each layer of solid heat storage particles 5, transferring the heat to the cold medium to achieve the heat exchange function after heat transfer. However, in the above process, heat exchange dead zones are easily generated, and the heat exchange quality is not high. Therefore, in this invention, the internal energy storage shell is set as a rotatable structure. In this invention, the energy storage shell itself is correspondingly set inside the protective shell 1. Both the energy storage shell and the protective shell 1 can be set as cylindrical structures, and both are set at the same center. The specific driving structure is set as follows: An annular external gear ring 8 is installed at the upper end of the energy storage shell, and a rotary motor 9 is installed at the upper end of the protective shell 1. The main shaft of the rotary motor 9 enters the heat insulation gap 3 downwards, and a drive gear 10 is installed on the main shaft. After the drive gear 10 meshes with the external gear ring 8, the inner energy storage shell can be rotated. Bearing components 11 need to be installed on the feed pipe 6 at the upper end and the discharge pipe 7 at the lower end of the energy storage shell to smoothly and reasonably drive the energy storage shell to rotate. In addition, in order to ensure the smooth rotation of the inner energy storage shell, stacked support plates and other components can be installed on the energy storage shell and the fixed shell. In short, the energy storage shell can rotate inside the protective shell 1, and a heat insulation gap 3 is also provided between the energy storage shell and the protective shell 1 to reduce heat loss.

[0037] When the medium enters through the feed pipe 6, the energy storage shell is rotated by the rotary motor 9. As the medium flows downward, the solid heat storage particles rotate with the energy storage shell, and the medium also rotates accordingly. This downward flow of the medium will generate turbulence, causing changes in the flow direction and fluctuations. Similarly, the solid particles also change position with the energy storage shell. Thus, the positions of both the fluid and the solid heat storage particles change during rotation, so there are no dead zones in heat exchange. The contact area between each solid heat storage particle 5 and the medium is basically the same, allowing for full contact between the solid heat storage particles 5 and the medium, effectively improving heat exchange efficiency and quality. The structural design is very ingenious and reasonable.

[0038] However, another problem arises during the above process: the collision positions of the solid thermal storage particles 5. Since the positions of the solid thermal storage particles 5 are not fixed, when the thermal storage shell 2 rotates, the randomly arranged solid thermal storage particles 5 on each layer of the transverse mesh partition 4 will collide, severely abrading the solid thermal storage particles 5. Furthermore, when a large amount of heat energy is stored inside the solid thermal storage particles 5, violent collisions pose a safety hazard and significantly affect the service life of the solid thermal storage particles 5. Therefore, if... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the technical solution of the present invention also provides a vertical mesh partition 12 on each horizontal mesh partition 4, which separates the solid heat storage particles on each layer of horizontal mesh partition 4 into the placement space of each circumference. After setting, it can effectively reduce the corresponding collision of solid heat storage particles in each layer, reduce wear, and reduce the accident rate.

[0039] However, the above technical solution only separates the solid thermal storage particles within a circumferential placement space. Fixed energy storage particles within the same circumference will still collide. Therefore, this device further incorporates structural components that can eliminate collisions between fixed energy storage particles, such as... Figure 5 As shown, in this invention, the solid thermal storage particles are specifically configured as a spherical shell 501 made of stainless steel and an internal binary molten salt 502. The internal binary molten salt 502 absorbs and releases heat, while the external spherical shell 501 provides protection. In this invention, protruding positioning posts 503 are directly provided at the upper and lower ends of the spherical shell 501, and corresponding positioning grooves 504 are provided on the upper and lower transverse mesh partitions 4. During the actual installation of the solid thermal storage particles, the positioning posts 503 are embedded in the positioning grooves 504, thereby fixing the solid thermal storage particles inside the energy storage shell. The position of the solid thermal storage particles is fixed and cannot be moved independently. While it rolls, it can also rotate. Therefore, when the energy storage shell rotates, it can still drive the solid thermal storage particles to rotate, and the solid thermal storage particles can also rotate on their own. With this setting, it can still achieve contact with the medium without dead angles, improving heat exchange efficiency and quality. At the same time, it can completely avoid collisions between solid thermal storage particles because the position between two adjacent solid thermal storage particles is fixed. While maintaining heat exchange efficiency and quality, it can also completely avoid collisions between solid thermal storage particles without affecting heat exchange efficiency and quality. The structural design is very ingenious and reasonable.

[0040] The above-described specific embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this embodiment and are not intended to limit the implementation of this embodiment or the scope of the claims. All equivalent changes and modifications made based on the scope of patent protection of this embodiment should be included within the scope of the patent application of this embodiment.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed particle heat exchanger, characterized in that: The device includes an outer protective shell (1) and an inner heat storage shell (2). The heat storage shell (2) is correspondingly disposed inside the protective shell (1). The protective shell (1) is fixedly disposed. The heat storage shell (2) can rotate within the protective shell (1). A heat insulation gap (3) is provided between the heat storage shell (2) and the protective shell (1). Several layers of horizontal transverse mesh partitions (4) are also installed inside the heat storage shell (2). The space inside the heat storage shell (2) is divided into several layers by the transverse mesh partitions (4). Solid heat storage particles (5) are placed on each layer of transverse mesh partitions (4). A feed pipe (6) extending out of the protective shell (1) is installed at the upper end of the heat storage shell (2), and a discharge pipe (7) extending out of the protective shell (1) is installed at the lower end. It also includes a rotation drive mechanism that drives the heat storage shell (2) to rotate in the protective shell (1). When the heat storage shell (2) rotates in the action of the rotation drive mechanism, the solid heat storage particles (5) inside rotate as well. At the same time, the medium entering through the feed pipe (6) on the upper side exchanges heat with the solid heat storage particles (5), and the medium is then discharged from the discharge pipe (7) at the lower end.

2. The fluidized bed particle heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive mechanism includes an outer gear ring (8) disposed on the outer wall of the upper end of the heat storage shell (2) and a rotary motor (9) installed on the upper end of the protective shell (1). The main shaft of the rotary motor (9) extends downward into the heat insulation gap (3), and a drive gear (10) is installed at the shaft end. The position of the drive gear (10) corresponds to the position of the outer gear ring (8). The drive gear (10) meshes with the outer gear ring (8), thereby realizing the rotation of the internal heat storage shell (2) through the cooperation of the rotary motor (9), the drive gear (10), and the outer gear ring (8).

3. A fluidized bed particle heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feed pipe (6) and the discharge pipe (7) are each equipped with a bearing (11). The bearing (11) is installed in relation to the upper and lower ends of the protective housing (1), so that the feed pipe (6) and the discharge pipe (7) can be rotated to feed and discharge materials.

4. The fluidized bed particle heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each layer of horizontal mesh partition (4) is also equipped with a vertical mesh partition (12). The vertical mesh partition (12) is set as an annular plate structure. The vertical mesh partition (12) is set in several layers. The adjacent vertical mesh partitions (12) on the horizontal mesh partition (4) of the same layer form an annular placement space. The solid heat storage particles (5) are correspondingly placed in the placement space. When the heat storage shell (2) rotates, the solid heat storage particles (5) rotate with it in the annular placement space.

5. A fluidized bed particle heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The solid heat storage particles (5) include a spherical shell (501) made of stainless steel, and the spherical shell (501) is filled with binary molten salt (502). Heat exchange is generated between the binary molten salt (502) in the spherical shell (501) and the medium.

6. A fluidized bed particle heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each spherical shell (501) is provided with a protruding positioning post (503) at the upper and lower ends, and the transverse mesh partition (4) is provided with a positioning groove (504) corresponding to the position of the positioning post (503). When the solid heat storage particles (5) are placed in the placement space, the positioning posts (503) at the upper and lower ends of the spherical shell (501) are correspondingly embedded in the positioning grooves (504) of the transverse mesh partition (4) of the upper and lower layers, thereby fixing the solid heat storage particles (5) in the placement space. The positioning post (503) is embedded in the positioning groove (504) so ​​that the solid heat storage particles (5) can rotate. When the heat storage shell (2) rotates, the solid heat storage particles (5) move with the heat storage shell (2) but will not roll inside the heat storage shell (2). The solid heat storage particles (5) can rotate under the restriction of the positioning post (503) and the positioning groove (504).

7. A fluidized bed particle heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The installation positions of the solid thermal storage particles (5) in the upper and lower adjacent layers of the thermal storage shell (2) are staggered. The solid thermal storage particles (5) in the upper and lower adjacent layers do not overlap in the vertical direction, but are staggered. This makes the medium left from the gap of the upper solid thermal storage particles (5) just touch the lower solid thermal storage particles (5).

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