Broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna and wireless communication device

Abstract

The present application relates to broadband low profile multi-band patch antenna and wireless communication device, including first dielectric plate and second dielectric plate of parallel layering arrangement, the upper surface of first dielectric plate is provided with radiation patch, the lower surface of second dielectric plate is provided with metal ground plate;Radiation patch includes rectangular patch, U-shaped groove is etched in the center of rectangular patch, and U-shaped groove is based on the center symmetry of rectangular patch;Two adjacent corner points of rectangular patch are connected with short-circuit combination branch respectively, and short-circuit combination branch is based on the center symmetry of rectangular patch;Each short-circuit combination branch contains two L-shaped sub-branches;Coaxial cable is vertically arranged in the center corresponding position of first dielectric plate and second dielectric plate, the outer conductor of coaxial cable is connected with metal ground plate, and the inner conductor of coaxial cable is connected with rectangular patch.The antenna structure of the present application is simple, has low profile characteristics, and can improve bandwidth performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna design technology, and in particular to a broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna and wireless communication device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, wireless spectrum resources are becoming increasingly scarce. Multi-band patch antennas, which are characterized by simple structure, high working efficiency and high spectrum resource utilization, have become a core component in fifth-generation wireless communication systems because they can effectively improve channel capacity and integration level. They have shown extremely high technical value and application potential in modern wireless communication equipment, and their performance optimization is of great significance to promoting the overall performance improvement of wireless communication systems.

[0003] To achieve multi-band bandwidth coverage, existing technologies generally rely on complex feeding structures or multi-module radiators, which not only leads to redundancy and increased size of the overall antenna structure, but also requires coordination of parameter matching between multiple components, increasing the design difficulty and debugging cost of the antenna, which is not conducive to its application in miniaturized, highly integrated wireless communication devices.

[0004] Furthermore, while existing multi-band patch antennas can cover multiple frequency bands, their single-band bandwidth is relatively narrow and they are prone to problems such as pattern distortion and gain fluctuations, which cannot meet the requirements of wireless communication for stable signal transmission. In addition, in order to achieve multiple resonant points, existing solutions often extend the frequency band by increasing the number of antenna layers or setting up protruding structures, which causes the antenna profile height to exceed the design requirements of ultra-thin devices, thus limiting its applicable scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna and wireless communication device that has a simple structure, high bandwidth performance, and reduced profile height to address the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] A broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate stacked in parallel, a radiating patch being disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate, and a metal ground plane being disposed on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate.

[0007] The radiating patch includes a rectangular patch with a U-shaped groove etched in the center of the rectangular patch, the U-shaped groove being symmetrical about the center of the rectangular patch; short-circuit combination branches are connected near two adjacent corner points of the rectangular patch, the short-circuit combination branches being symmetrical about the center of the rectangular patch; each short-circuit combination branch contains two L-shaped sub-branches.

[0008] A coaxial cable is vertically positioned at the center of the first dielectric plate and the second dielectric plate, with the outer conductor of the coaxial cable connected to the metal ground plane and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable connected to the rectangular patch.

[0009] In one embodiment, both the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are square, and the side length of the first dielectric substrate is smaller than the side length of the second dielectric substrate.

[0010] In one embodiment, the short-circuit combination stub includes a first L-shaped stub and a second L-shaped stub; the first L-shaped stub includes a first horizontal sub-stub and a first vertical sub-stub, and the second L-shaped stub includes a second horizontal sub-stub and a second vertical sub-stub; after the first vertical sub-stub and the second horizontal sub-stub are connected, the connection point is connected to the vicinity of the corner of the rectangular patch.

[0011] In one embodiment, the U-shaped groove includes two parallel long sides and a short side connecting the two long sides; the short side is located near the side of the first transverse sub-branch and is parallel to the first transverse sub-branch.

[0012] In one embodiment, in the first L-shaped branch, the width of the first horizontal sub-branch is smaller than the width of the first vertical sub-branch; the length of the first horizontal sub-branch is greater than the length of the first vertical sub-branch.

[0013] In one embodiment, in the second L-shaped branch, the width of the second horizontal sub-branch is less than the width of the second vertical sub-branch; the length of the second horizontal sub-branch is less than the length of the second vertical sub-branch.

[0014] In one embodiment, the outline dimensions of the metal floor are consistent with the outline dimensions of the second medium plate, and the metal floor is disposed on the lower surface of the second medium plate by a printing process.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first L-shaped branch and the second L-shaped branch are integrally formed in the short-circuit combination branch.

[0016] In one embodiment, the overall height of the antenna is less than or equal to 4 mm.

[0017] A wireless communication device, wherein the wireless communication device employs a broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna and wireless communication device provided by this invention have the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The radiating patch adopts a rectangular patch to integrate a U-shaped slot and a short-circuit combination stub, eliminating the need to separate independent radiating modules and reducing the number of components; the power supply is through a coaxial cable perpendicular to the center of the two dielectric substrates, eliminating the need to match the phase and impedance of multiple power supply links; the overall design uses a double-layer parallel dielectric substrate, achieving a low profile design and greatly expanding the applicable scenarios of the antenna.

[0020] 2. By setting radiating patches and metal ground planes on a double-layer dielectric substrate, the structure is compact, which greatly reduces the difficulty of component coordination and debugging costs during the design process. It achieves structural simplification, improved integration, and adaptability to miniaturized and highly integrated wireless communication devices.

[0021] 3. The U-shaped slot can excite two single resonant points, and the symmetrical short-circuit combination stubs can excite the low-frequency resonant point and the high-frequency resonant point respectively, achieving multi-band coverage through synergy. At the same time, the U-shaped slot and short-circuit combination stubs are set symmetrically based on the center of the rectangular patch, which can balance the current distribution on the radiating patch, avoid the radiation pattern distortion caused by asymmetrical current, and also reduce gain fluctuations, meeting the requirements of stable signal transmission in wireless communication. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other related drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top surface structure diagram of the first dielectric substrate of the broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first dielectric substrate dimensions of a broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate of the broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second dielectric substrate dimensions of a broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 Impedance characteristic curve of a broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7Gain curve of a broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 The radiation pattern of the broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention; wherein, Figure 8 (a) is the horizontal radiation pattern at 2.40 GHz. Figure 8 (b) shows the horizontal radiation pattern at 3.50 GHz. Figure 8 (c) shows the horizontal radiation pattern at 4.46 GHz. Figure 8 (d) shows the vertical radiation pattern at 2.40 GHz. Figure 8 (e) shows the vertical radiation pattern at 3.50 GHz. Figure 8 (f) is the vertical radiation pattern at 4.46 GHz.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] First dielectric substrate 1, rectangular patch 11, U-shaped groove 107, power supply point 108, first L-shaped branch 12, first horizontal sub-branch 104, first vertical sub-branch 103, second L-shaped branch 13, second horizontal sub-branch 105, second vertical sub-branch 106, second dielectric 2, metal ground plate 202, coaxial cable 3, outer conductor 203.

[0033] The objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0036] Furthermore, in this invention, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a physical connection, or a wireless communication connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] It is understood that the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna provided in this embodiment includes a first dielectric substrate 1 and a second dielectric substrate 2 stacked together. A radiating patch is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 1, and a metal ground plane 202 is disposed on the lower surface of the second dielectric substrate 2.

[0042] The radiating patch includes a rectangular patch 11, with a U-shaped groove 107 etched in the center of the rectangular patch 11, and the U-shaped groove 107 is symmetrical about the center of the rectangular patch 11; short-circuit combination branches are connected near two adjacent corner points of the rectangular patch 11, and the short-circuit combination branches are symmetrical about the center of the rectangular patch 11; each short-circuit combination branch contains two L-shaped sub-branches.

[0043] The coaxial cable 3 is vertically positioned at the center of the first dielectric plate 1 and the second dielectric plate 2. The outer conductor 203 of the coaxial cable 3 is connected to the metal ground plane 202, and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the feed point 108 of the rectangular patch 11.

[0044] Specifically, the first dielectric plate 1 and the second dielectric plate 2 are parallel in the horizontal direction and are stacked and coaxial in the vertical direction; wherein, the first dielectric plate 1 is disposed on the upper part and the second dielectric plate 2 is disposed on the lower part, and the two plates are fixed together by adhesive bonding.

[0045] Both the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 are square, and the side length of the first dielectric substrate 1 is smaller than the side length of the second dielectric substrate 2. The side length S1 of the first dielectric substrate 1 is 40mm~60mm, preferably S1=50mm; the thickness is 0.6mm. The side length S2 of the second dielectric substrate 2 is 50mm~70mm, preferably S2=60mm; the thickness is 1.6mm.

[0046] The radiating patch includes a rectangular patch 11 and short-circuit combination branches disposed near the corners of the rectangular patch 11. The rectangular patch 11 and the short-circuit combination branches are disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 1 by printing. The rectangular patch 11 is made of metal, preferably plating copper. The length L1 of the rectangular patch 11 is 38mm~38.6mm, preferably L1=38.3mm; the width W1 is 31mm~31.6mm, preferably W1=31.3mm; and the thickness is 0.05mm.

[0047] A U-shaped groove 107 is formed at the center of the rectangular patch 11 using photolithography to create two single resonant points, enabling the antenna to operate in a single frequency band. The U-shaped groove 107 includes two parallel long sides and a short side connecting the two long sides; the short side is located near the side of the first transverse sub-stub 104 (i.e., near the lower side) and is parallel to the first transverse sub-stub 104; the groove opening faces the upper side of the rectangular patch 11, and the longitudinal centerline of the U-shaped groove 107 completely coincides with the longitudinal centerline of the rectangular patch 11. Further, the long side D1 of the U-shaped groove 107 is 17mm~18.2mm, preferably D1=17.6mm, the short side length D2 is 11.5mm~11.9mm, preferably D2=11.7mm, and the width D3 is 1.8mm~2.2mm, preferably D3=2.0mm.

[0048] Each short-circuit stub includes a first L-shaped stub 12 and a second L-shaped stub 13, made of metal, preferably plating copper; the first L-shaped stub 12, the second L-shaped stub 13 and the rectangular patch 11 are integrally formed. The first L-shaped stub 12 includes a first horizontal sub-stub 104 and a first vertical sub-stub 103, and the second L-shaped stub 13 includes a second horizontal sub-stub 105 and a second vertical sub-stub 106.

[0049] The lengths and widths of the first horizontal sub-stub 104, the first vertical sub-stub 103, the second horizontal sub-stub 105, and the second vertical sub-stub 106 are determined according to the frequency points to be designed. Specifically, in the first L-shaped stub 12, the width of the first horizontal sub-stub 104 is less than the width of the first vertical sub-stub 103; the length of the first horizontal sub-stub is greater than the length of the first vertical sub-stub. In the second L-shaped stub 13, the width of the second horizontal sub-stub 105 is less than the width of the second vertical sub-stub 106; the length of the second horizontal sub-stub 105 is less than the length of the second vertical sub-stub 106. By loading the first horizontal sub-stub 104 and the first vertical sub-stub 103, a low-frequency resonant point is obtained, and the antenna operates in a dual-band configuration; by loading the second horizontal sub-stub 105 and the second vertical sub-stub 106, a high-frequency resonant point is obtained, and the antenna operates in a tri-band configuration. Combined with the U-shaped slot 107, multi-band coverage is achieved.

[0050] In this embodiment, the length L3 of the first horizontal sub-branch 104 is 16.7mm~17.1mm, preferably L3=16.9mm; the width W3 is 0.7mm~1.1mm, preferably W3=0.9mm. The length L2 of the first vertical sub-branch 103 is 4.4mm~4.8mm, preferably L2=4.6mm; the width W2 is 0.8mm~1.2mm, preferably W2=1.0mm.

[0051] The length L4 of the second horizontal sub-branch 105 is 5.0mm~5.4mm, preferably L4=5.2mm; the width W4 is mm~mm, preferably W4=0.6mm. The length L5 of the second vertical sub-branch 106 is 6.8mm~7.2mm, preferably L5=7.0mm; the width W5 is 0.9mm~1.3mm, preferably W5=1.1mm.

[0052] During assembly, the upper end of the first vertical sub-stub 103 is perpendicularly connected to the right end of the second horizontal sub-stub 105, and this connection is then connected near the corner of the rectangular patch, allowing the antenna to operate in multiple frequency bands, thereby expanding the impedance bandwidth. Additionally, the lower end of the first vertical sub-stub 103 is perpendicularly connected to the left end of the first horizontal sub-stub 104, with the right end of the first horizontal sub-stub 104 being a free end extending to the right. The left end of the second horizontal sub-stub 105 is perpendicularly connected to the lower end of the second vertical sub-stub 106, with the upper end of the second vertical sub-stub 106 being a free end extending upwards. This forms a step-like short-circuit combination of the first L-shaped stub 12 and the second L-shaped stub 13, distributing them on both sides and the bottom of the rectangular patch 11, preventing surface current from accumulating at the bottom of the patch. Then, near another corner point adjacent to the rectangular patch 11 on the same side, another short-circuit combination stub that is completely mirror-symmetrical to the above structure is set. It is worth noting that "near the corner point" includes the corner point location.

[0053] The radiating patch designed in this invention provides a rectangular patch that generates one operating bandwidth, and each pair of symmetrical L-shaped stubs that generate their own operating bandwidth. By combining these components, the antenna can operate in multiple frequency bands without altering its individual radiation performance, resulting in a stable radiation pattern. Furthermore, by designing the length and width of the stubs, the operating frequency band of the antenna can be independently controlled.

[0054] The metal floor 202 is made of metal, preferably plated copper. Its outline dimensions are consistent with those of the second dielectric plate 2. During assembly, the metal floor 202 is printed onto the lower surface of the second dielectric plate 2, and the edges of the metal floor 202 are perfectly aligned with the edges of the second dielectric plate 2. It can be understood that the side length of the first dielectric plate 1 is smaller than that of the second dielectric plate 2, allowing the metal floor 202 to completely cover the projection area of ​​the first dielectric plate 1, effectively preventing radiation signal leakage from the edges.

[0055] The inner conductor of the coaxial cable 3 is connected to the feed point 108 of the rectangular patch 11, with the feed point 108 located at the center of the rectangular patch 11. The outer conductor 203 of the coaxial cable 3 is connected to the metal ground plane. Specifically, through holes are made at corresponding positions at the centers of the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2. The coaxial cable 3 passes vertically through the through holes, and then the outer conductor 203 is fixed to the metal ground plane 202. The inner conductor extends to the upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 1 and is fixed to the feed point 108.

[0056] Furthermore, the air layer height H of the antenna, i.e. the distance between the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2, is less than or equal to 4mm, which meets the requirements of low profile design and is suitable for ultra-thin wireless communication devices.

[0057] In one embodiment, the superiority of the antenna proposed in this invention is verified, such as... Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 The figures shown are the impedance characteristic curve, gain curve, and radiation pattern of the broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna of this embodiment. It can be seen that the relative impedance bandwidth of this antenna is 20.56%, and the operating frequency bands are 2.33 GHz-2.42 GHz, 3.22 GHz-3.70 GHz, and 4.40 GHz-4.53 GHz. The highest gain can be achieved in the three frequency bands of 6.43 dBi, 6.98 dBi, and 5.81 dBi, respectively. This antenna has good radiation characteristics, and the radiation pattern has stable unidirectional radiation characteristics.

[0058] The antenna proposed in this invention can operate in three frequency bands, extending the impedance bandwidth and providing an extremely wide operating frequency band, without changing the antenna's single-phase radiation performance and maintaining a stable radiation pattern.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] Based on the broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna in Embodiment 1, this embodiment discloses a wireless communication device that uses the broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna disclosed in Embodiment 1 for wireless communication.

[0061] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0062] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna, comprising a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate stacked together, characterized in that, A radiation patch is disposed on the upper surface of the first dielectric plate, and a metal floor is disposed on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate; The radiating patch includes a rectangular patch with a U-shaped groove etched in the center of the rectangular patch, the U-shaped groove being symmetrical about the center of the rectangular patch; short-circuit combination branches are connected near two adjacent corner points of the rectangular patch, the short-circuit combination branches being symmetrical about the center of the rectangular patch; each short-circuit combination branch contains two L-shaped sub-branches. A coaxial cable is vertically positioned at the center of the first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate, with the outer conductor of the coaxial cable connected to the metal ground plane and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable connected to the rectangular patch. The short-circuit combined branch includes a first L-shaped branch and a second L-shaped branch; The first L-shaped branch includes a first horizontal sub-branch and a first vertical sub-branch, and the second L-shaped branch includes a second horizontal sub-branch and a second vertical sub-branch; After the first vertical sub-branch is connected to the second horizontal sub-branch, the connection point is connected to the vicinity of the corner of the rectangular patch. A low-frequency resonant point is obtained by loading a first horizontal sub-segment and a first vertical sub-segment; a high-frequency resonant point is obtained by loading a second horizontal sub-segment and a second vertical sub-segment.

2. The broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second dielectric substrates are square, and the side length of the first dielectric substrate is less than the side length of the second dielectric substrate.

3. The broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The U-shaped groove includes two parallel long sides and a short side connecting the two long sides; The short side is located on the side closest to the first transverse sub-node and is set parallel to the first transverse sub-node.

4. The broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, In the first L-shaped branch, the width of the first horizontal sub-branch is smaller than the width of the first vertical sub-branch; the length of the first horizontal sub-branch is greater than the length of the first vertical sub-branch.

5. The broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, In the second L-shaped branch, the width of the second horizontal sub-branch is less than the width of the second vertical sub-branch; the length of the second horizontal sub-branch is less than the length of the second vertical sub-branch.

6. The broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The outline dimensions of the metal floor are consistent with the outline dimensions of the second medium plate, and the metal floor is set on the lower surface of the second medium plate by a printing process.

7. The broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, In the short-circuit combined branch, the first L-shaped branch and the second L-shaped branch are integrally formed.

8. The broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The air layer height of the antenna is less than or equal to 4 mm.

9. A wireless communication device, characterized in that, The wireless communication device employs the broadband low-profile multi-band patch antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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