A high-yield cultivation method for improving effective tillering rate of japonica rice

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-yield cultivation method for improving the effective tillering rate of japonica rice, relating to the field of japonica rice cultivation technology. The method includes: determining the tillering capacity level and cultivation method of the japonica rice variety; consulting a baseline basic seedling comparison table; and calculating the final basic seedling number based on the seedling age adjustment coefficient. Before sowing, seeds are soaked in Bacillus megaterium solution; after transplanting, water management is implemented in stages, along with fertilization management, mid-term field drying, and pest and disease control. The tillering capacity level classification and baseline basic seedling determination are based on experimental data, the seedling age adjustment coefficient is dynamically calculated, and all measures are synergistically adapted. This method can accurately stimulate the effective tillering potential of japonica rice, improve the universality and stability of the technology, and significantly increase the effective tillering rate and yield of japonica rice. It is suitable for the promotion and cultivation of japonica rice in different regions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of japonica rice cultivation technology, specifically to a high-yield cultivation method for improving the effective tillering rate of japonica rice. Background Technology

[0002] Rice is one of the most important food crops. Japonica rice, as a significant type of rice, is widely cultivated in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The effective tillering rate is a key factor affecting the yield of japonica rice, directly determining the number of effective panicles per unit area, and thus influencing the final yield. In recent years, with the development of agricultural production towards simplification and mechanization, and the continuous improvement of market demands for rice quality, the breeding and promotion of high-quality japonica rice varieties with strong tillering ability, along with corresponding high-yield cultivation techniques, has become an important issue in rice production.

[0003] Several existing patents relate to high-yield rice cultivation methods. For example, existing technologies increase yield by adjusting the basic seedling number and fertilization plan, while others promote rice growth using microbial agents. While these technologies can improve rice yield to some extent, they still have significant limitations: they fail to fully consider the differences in tillering ability among different varieties, and the methods for determining the basic seedling number are relatively crude; some existing technologies, although using microbial agents, fail to systematically integrate them with precise water management and other measures. A common flaw in these existing technologies is the failure to establish a systematic relationship between variety characteristics, cultivation measures, and environmental conditions, resulting in insufficient universality and stability.

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the core problem this invention aims to solve is how to maximize and stabilize the effective tillering potential of japonica rice varieties with strong tillering ability through a highly precise and dynamically adjustable cultivation method. Specifically, it needs to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, such as the extensive methods for determining basic seedlings, the simplistic tillering promotion measures, and the poor coordination among various cultivation stages. The goal is to establish a systematic cultivation scheme that can be dynamically adjusted based on the tillering characteristics of the variety, the cultivation method, and the quality of the seedlings.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies still have systemic shortcomings in high-yield rice cultivation, particularly lacking precise and dynamic cultivation schemes for japonica rice varieties with strong tillering ability. This invention aims to solve these problems in existing technologies through innovative technical means, providing a high-yield cultivation method that can significantly improve the effective tillering rate of japonica rice. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a high-yield cultivation method for improving the effective tillering rate of japonica rice. By determining the tillering capacity level of japonica rice varieties and cultivation methods, referring to the baseline basic seedling comparison table and combining it with the seedling age adjustment coefficient to calculate the final basic seedling number, and combining it with Bacillus megaterium inoculum solution soaking, precise water management and fertilization after transplanting, and pest and disease control measures, the cultivation process can be precisely controlled, the effective tillering potential of japonica rice can be fully stimulated, the shortcomings of existing technologies can be overcome, and the effective tillering rate and yield of japonica rice can be improved.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-yield cultivation method for improving the effective tillering rate of japonica rice, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Determine the tillering capacity level of the japonica rice variety to be planted. The tillering capacity level is divided into multiple levels based on the tillering ability of the variety under standard test conditions. Step 2: Determine the cultivation method. Choose from the group consisting of machine-inserted seedlings, manual transplanting, and direct seeding. Step 3: Based on the tillering ability level and cultivation method, query the predefined baseline basic seedling comparison table to obtain the baseline basic seedling value. The baseline basic seedling comparison table stores the baseline basic seedling values ​​corresponding to different tillering ability levels and different cultivation methods. Step 4: Determine the seedling age adjustment coefficient based on the seedling age. The seedling age adjustment coefficient is determined based on the leaf age or number of days of growth of the seedlings. Step 5: Multiply the baseline basic seedling count by the seedling age adjustment coefficient to calculate the final basic seedling count; Step 6: Before sowing, treat the seeds with Bacillus megaterium solution. The treatment involves soaking the seeds in Bacillus megaterium solution for a certain period of time. Step 7: After transplanting, water management includes maintaining a water layer of about one inch at the time of transplanting and a thin water layer in the early stage of tillering. Step 8: Implement supporting cultivation management, including fertilization management, mid-term field drying, and pest and disease control; Among them, the division of tillering ability is based on the number of tillers per unit area of ​​the variety under standard test conditions. The baseline basic seedling control table is established through multi-year, multi-location test data. The determination of the seedling age adjustment coefficient takes into account the matching between the physiological state of the seedlings and the cultivation method. In the seed soaking treatment, the concentration of Bacillus megaterium solution and the soaking time are adjusted according to the tillering characteristics of the variety. In water management, the depth of the inch-water layer and the thin water layer are dynamically controlled according to field conditions. The supporting cultivation management and core steps work together to stabilize the effective tillering potential.

[0008] Furthermore, determining the tillering capacity level of the planted japonica rice variety in step one includes: The number of tillers per unit area of ​​the variety under standard cultivation conditions was obtained through variety trial data. Based on the numerical range of the number of tillers per unit area, the tillering ability was divided into five levels, including strong, relatively strong, medium, relatively weak and weak. Standard cultivation conditions include fixed fertilization levels, irrigation regimes, and planting density; The number of tillers per unit area was obtained by planting the variety in a standard experimental field and counting the number of effective tillers; The tillering capacity classification is based on statistical results of multi-year, multi-location test data to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the classification. The numerical range of tillering ability grades was determined through statistical analysis. The strong grade corresponds to the 20% range with the highest number of tillers per unit area, the strong grade corresponds to the 20% range with the second highest number of tillers per unit area, the medium grade corresponds to the 20% range with the middle number of tillers per unit area, the weak grade corresponds to the 20% range with the second lowest number of tillers per unit area, and the weak grade corresponds to the 20% range with the lowest number of tillers per unit area. This step also includes regularly updating the tillering capacity grading standards to reflect the impact of variety improvement and environmental changes.

[0009] Furthermore, the querying of the predefined baseline seedling comparison table in step three includes: The baseline seedling comparison table is a two-dimensional matrix structure, with rows representing tillering ability levels and columns representing cultivation methods. Each cell stores the corresponding baseline seedling value. The baseline seedling values ​​were obtained through field trials and data analysis. Multiple rounds of trials were conducted for each tillering capacity level and cultivation method combination to determine the optimal range of basic seedlings. The baseline seedling control table is updated based on the introduction of new varieties and advancements in cultivation techniques; The query process includes inputting tillering ability level and cultivation method parameters, and outputting baseline seedling values; The unit for the baseline seedling count is 10,000 seedlings per mu (approximately 667 square meters). This step also includes verifying the adaptability of baseline seedling values ​​to local soil and climate conditions, and making regional adjustments if necessary. The maintenance of the baseline seedling control table includes data backup and version control to ensure the accuracy and consistency of query results.

[0010] Furthermore, the step four of determining the seedling age adjustment coefficient based on the seedling age includes: The seedling age adjustment coefficient is calculated using a functional relationship, the formula is as follows: ,in Indicates the seedling age adjustment coefficient. Indicates the leaf age of the seedlings. Indicates the number of days the seedlings have grown; Functional Relationship Based on seedling physiological experiments and regression analysis, the specific form is as follows: ,in Leaf age is the weighting coefficient. This is the weighting coefficient for the number of growth days; Leaf age weighting coefficient The weighting coefficient of growth days reflects the degree to which leaf age affects tillering potential. Reflects the degree to which the number of growing days affects tillering potential; The weighting coefficients were determined by fitting historical data using the least squares method; The application of the seedling age adjustment coefficient includes dynamic calculation based on real-time seedling measurement values, and multiplication with the baseline basic seedling value to obtain the final basic seedling number; This step also includes calibrating the functional relationships to suit different varieties and cultivation environments.

[0011] Furthermore, the soaking treatment using Bacillus megaterium solution in step six includes: The preparation of Bacillus megaterium culture is accomplished through a fermentation process, with the concentration of the culture controlled within a specific range; The seed soaking treatment was carried out under temperature control, and the soaking time was optimized according to the seed variety and bacterial solution concentration. During the seed soaking process, monitor seed germination rate and root development indicators; After soaking, the seeds are germinated. Germination conditions include temperature, humidity, and ventilation control. The application of Bacillus megaterium solution in conjunction with water management, and the use of a water layer of 1 inch during transplanting after soaking the seeds to promote early root growth; This step also includes cleaning and maintaining the soaking equipment to prevent contamination; The effectiveness of seed soaking was assessed through seedling vigor testing.

[0012] Furthermore, the water management in step seven includes: A water layer is applied during transplanting, with the water depth controlled within a certain range to ensure seedling survival and reduce mechanical damage; A thin water layer is applied in the early stage of tillering, with the water depth controlled within a certain range to increase soil temperature and oxygen content; Water management is implemented through field water level sensors and automatic irrigation systems; The duration of the thin water layer is adjusted according to the tillering progress; The synergistic effect of water management and seed soaking treatment, with a thin water layer, promotes root expansion and tillering of Bacillus megaterium after seed soaking; This step also includes coordinating water and fertilizer management, avoiding deep water layers in the early stages of tillering to facilitate nutrient absorption; Monitoring of water management includes regularly measuring water depth and soil moisture.

[0013] Furthermore, the fertilization management in step eight includes: The application of base fertilizer combines organic and inorganic fertilizers, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio in the base fertilizer is adjusted according to the soil test results; Topdressing should be applied in two stages during the tillering and panicle differentiation stages, with a higher proportion of nitrogen fertilizer in the topdressing than in the basal fertilizer. The panicle fertilizer is applied twice, once during the mid-panicle incubation period and once during the heading period. The first panicle fertilizer focuses on increasing the number of spikelets, and the second panicle fertilizer focuses on increasing the seed setting rate and the thousand-grain weight. The amount of fertilizer applied should be matched with the final basic number of seedlings. The amount of fertilizer applied is calculated using a formula, which is: ,in Indicates the amount of fertilizer applied. This indicates the final basic number of seedlings. Indicates the fertilization coefficient; Fertilization coefficient Determined through soil nutrient analysis and crop requirement models; Fertilizer and water management should be coordinated to prevent fertilizer and water loss during periods of thin water layers. This step also includes post-fertilization field monitoring to assess fertilizer effectiveness.

[0014] Furthermore, the pest and disease control in step eight includes: Adjust the amount of chemical pesticides based on the resistance performance of varieties, and reduce the number of pesticide applications or give priority to the use of biological pesticides for diseases with strong resistance. Pest and disease monitoring is achieved through field inspections and sensor networks; Prevention and control measures should be matched with cultivation methods, and early prevention should be emphasized in machine transplanting cultivation; Pest and disease control should be coordinated with water management to avoid high humidity environments that can induce diseases during periods of thin water layers. This step also includes recording and analyzing pest and disease data to optimize control strategies; The effectiveness of prevention and control measures was assessed using disease incidence and insect population density indicators.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, this high-yield cultivation method for improving the effective tillering rate of japonica rice has the following beneficial effects: I. This invention first determines the tillering capacity level of japonica rice varieties and selects the cultivation method. Then, based on the two, it consults a baseline basic seedling comparison table and calculates the final basic seedling number in combination with the seedling age adjustment coefficient. At the same time, it is equipped with synergistic measures such as Bacillus megaterium inoculum soaking, precise water management and fertilization after transplanting, and pest and disease control. This constructs a highly precise and dynamically controllable systematic cultivation program, which can maximize and stabilize the effective tillering potential of japonica rice varieties with strong tillering capacity, and provide reliable technical support for improving the effective tillering rate of japonica rice.

[0016] Second, this invention classifies tillering ability based on multi-year, multi-location experimental data and updates it regularly. The baseline seedling control table is verified and dynamically maintained in conjunction with regional soil and climate. The seedling age adjustment coefficient is calibrated through physiological experiments and regression analysis. At the same time, water management, seed soaking, and fertilization measures are coordinated and adapted to flexibly adapt to the characteristics of different japonica rice varieties and the differences in cultivation environments in various regions, thereby improving the adaptability and practicality of the technology in different regions and different varieties.

[0017] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be learned from the practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the cultivation steps of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0021] Example 1: As Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment targets common japonica rice varieties in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. By determining the tillering capacity level of the variety and matching the cultivation method to query the baseline basic seedlings, and dynamically adjusting the final basic seedling quantity based on the seedling age, combined with Bacillus megaterium inoculum soaking, precise water management, and supporting cultivation measures, a systematic cultivation plan is constructed to achieve a stable increase in the effective tillering rate of japonica rice. This provides an operable technical path for high-yield cultivation of japonica rice and solves the problems of extensive determination of basic seedlings and poor synergy of tillering promotion measures in existing technologies.

[0022] This embodiment uses the cultivation of single-season japonica rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as the application scenario. A widely planted japonica rice variety with moderate tillering potential is selected as the cultivation object. The cultivation operation is carried out according to the method described in this invention. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Determine the tillering capacity level of the japonica rice variety to be planted. First, variety trial data for this japonica rice variety were obtained. The experiment was conducted in a standard experimental field, with standard cultivation conditions set as follows: fixed fertilization level, fixed irrigation system, and fixed planting density. Under these standard cultivation conditions, the effective tillers in the experimental field were counted at the maturity stage of the japonica rice, and the number of tillers per unit area was statistically obtained.

[0023] Based on statistical results from multi-year, multi-location experimental data, the numerical range of tillering capacity grades was determined through statistical analysis. Specifically, the strong grade corresponds to the top 20% of tillers per unit area, the strong grade to the second-highest 20%, the medium grade to the middle 20%, the weak grade to the second-lowest 20%, and the weak grade to the lowest 20%. By comparing the tillering capacity per unit area of ​​this japonica rice variety obtained in this statistical analysis with the above numerical ranges, the tillering capacity grade of this variety was determined to be medium.

[0024] Meanwhile, considering the potential impact of variety improvement and environmental changes on tillering capacity, the planting year of the variety, the climate conditions of the experimental area, and the soil conditions were recorded simultaneously during this implementation process to provide data support for the subsequent regular updates of the tillering capacity classification standards.

[0025] Step 2: Determine the cultivation method Based on the local level of agricultural mechanization, labor availability, and planting habits, machine transplanting of seedlings was selected from three cultivation methods—machine transplanting of seedlings, manual transplanting, and direct seeding—for this cultivation project. This method improves planting efficiency, reduces labor costs, and facilitates the standardized implementation of subsequent field management measures, meeting the needs of large-scale japonica rice production in the local area.

[0026] Step 3: Query the predefined baseline seedling comparison table based on tillering ability level and cultivation method. The predefined baseline seedling comparison table is a two-dimensional matrix structure. The rows of the matrix correspond to the tillering ability level, and the columns correspond to the cultivation method. Each cell formed by the intersection of rows and columns stores the corresponding baseline seedling value, with the unit of value being 10,000 seedlings per acre.

[0027] The baseline basic seedling value was obtained through multi-year, multi-location field trials and data analysis. For each combination of tillering capacity and cultivation method, multiple rounds of cultivation trials were conducted in experimental fields in different regions. The effective tillering rate and yield of japonica rice under different basic seedling numbers were recorded. Comparative analysis determined the optimal range of basic seedlings that could achieve a high effective tillering rate, and the median value of this range was stored as the baseline basic seedling value in a reference table. Furthermore, with the introduction of new varieties and advancements in cultivation techniques, this reference table will be updated regularly to ensure the applicability of the values.

[0028] In this implementation, the established tillering capacity level and cultivation method were input, and the corresponding baseline basic seedling value was retrieved from the baseline basic seedling comparison table. After the query, the adaptability of the baseline basic seedling value was verified in conjunction with the local soil type and climate characteristics: by comparing it with the basic seedling usage of the same variety of japonica rice in the past under similar soil and climate conditions, it was confirmed that the baseline basic seedling value meets the actual local production needs and no regional adjustment is required. In addition, the baseline basic seedling comparison table used in this query has been backed up and managed using version control to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the query results.

[0029] Step 4: Determine the seedling age adjustment coefficient based on the seedling age. The seedling age adjustment coefficient was calculated using a functional relationship established based on seedling physiological experiments and regression analysis. In the seedling physiological experiments, seedlings of the same variety were selected, and their leaf age and growth days were measured at different growth stages. Simultaneously, the tillering potential of the seedlings was observed, resulting in a large amount of experimental data. This data was then processed through regression analysis to establish a functional relationship between the seedling age adjustment coefficient and leaf age and growth days, specifically in the form of… ,in This is the seedling age adjustment coefficient. Indicates the leaf age of the seedlings. Indicates the number of days the seedlings have grown; Leaf age is the weighting coefficient. This is the weighting coefficient for the number of growth days.

[0030] Leaf age weighting coefficient This reflects the degree to which leaf age affects the tillering potential of seedlings. The older the leaf age, the higher the physiological maturity of the seedlings and the more stable their tillering potential. The value of was determined by fitting historical experimental data using the least squares method; the weighting coefficient for the number of growth days. This reflects the impact of the number of growing days on the tillering potential of rice seedlings. The longer the growing days, the more nutrients the seedlings accumulate, and the stronger their ability to support tillering. Similarly, it is determined by fitting historical data using the least squares method.

[0031] In this implementation, the leaf age and growth days of the seedlings were measured before transplanting. These measurements were then substituted into the aforementioned functional formula to dynamically calculate the seedling age adjustment coefficient for this cultivation. Simultaneously, considering the potential impact of different varieties and cultivation environments on the seedling age adjustment coefficient, the functional formula was calibrated after calculation, referencing past applications of the same variety under similar cultivation conditions in the local area. This ensured that the calculated seedling age adjustment coefficient accurately reflected the actual tillering potential of the seedlings in this cultivation.

[0032] Step 5: Calculate the final basic number of seedlings. Multiply the baseline basic seedling count obtained in step three by the seedling age adjustment coefficient calculated in step four to obtain the final basic seedling count for this japonica rice cultivation. This calculation process fully considers the tillering characteristics of the variety, the cultivation method, and the actual growth status of the seedlings, ensuring that the final basic seedling count provides a reasonable basis for the formation of effective tillers. It avoids both poor ventilation and light penetration in the field and intense competition for tillers due to too many basic seedlings, and insufficient effective panicles due to too few basic seedlings.

[0033] Step 6: Soak the seed in Bacillus megaterium solution. Bacillus megaterium culture solution is prepared through a fermentation process. During fermentation, culture conditions are controlled to ensure that the activity and concentration of Bacillus megaterium in the culture solution meet the requirements for seed soaking. Seed soaking is carried out in a temperature-controlled environment. Japonica rice seeds are immersed in the prepared Bacillus megaterium culture solution. The soaking time is optimized based on the water absorption characteristics of the seed variety and the concentration of the culture solution to ensure that the seeds can fully absorb the beneficial components in the culture solution while avoiding excessive soaking time that could lead to seed rot.

[0034] During the soaking process, the germination rate and root development indicators of the seeds were observed and monitored regularly: a portion of the seeds were randomly selected to observe their germination and to calculate the germination rate; the length, thickness, and number of root hairs of the seed roots were observed under a microscope to assess the root development. After soaking, the seeds were subjected to germination-promoting treatment. During the germination-promoting process, the ambient temperature, humidity, and ventilation were controlled to provide a suitable environment for seed germination and promote rapid and uniform germination.

[0035] The application of Bacillus megaterium inoculum solution, combined with subsequent water management, provides a moist environment for early root growth during transplanting, promoting root absorption of soil nutrients and enhancing seedling tillering ability. Furthermore, the seed soaking equipment is cleaned and maintained before and after soaking to remove residual impurities and inoculum solution, preventing equipment contamination that could affect the soaking effect. The effectiveness of the soaking is assessed through seedling vigor testing. After seedlings reach a certain stage of growth, their height, fresh weight, and chlorophyll content are measured to evaluate their growth vigor and verify the effectiveness of the soaking treatment.

[0036] Step 7: Water Management After Transplanting Water management is divided into two key stages: a shallow water layer at transplanting and a thin water layer in the early tillering stage. At transplanting, a shallow water layer should be maintained in the field, deep enough to cover the roots of the seedlings, providing a stable growth environment, ensuring seedling survival, reducing damage to the seedling roots caused by mechanical handling during transplanting, and promoting rapid greening of the seedlings.

[0037] After entering the early tillering stage, the water layer in the field is adjusted to a thin layer. This thin layer increases soil temperature and oxygen content, providing sufficient oxygen for seedling root respiration and tiller bud germination, thus promoting tillering. Water management is implemented through field water level sensors and an automatic irrigation system: the sensors monitor field water level changes in real time; when the water level falls below a set range, the automatic irrigation system activates to replenish the field; when the water level reaches the set range, the automatic irrigation system stops to prevent excessive watering.

[0038] The duration of the thin water layer is adjusted according to the tillering progress: The number and growth status of the seedlings' tillers are observed regularly. When the number of tillers reaches the expected target, the field water volume is gradually reduced to prepare for subsequent mid-term field drying. Water management and seed soaking work synergistically. The thin water layer environment promotes root expansion in seedlings soaked in Bacillus megaterium, increasing the root absorption area and further enhancing the tillering ability. Simultaneously, water management is coordinated with fertilization management to avoid deep water layers in the early tillering stage, preventing fertilizer loss and ensuring seedlings can fully absorb nutrients, providing support for tillering growth. During water management, field water depth and soil moisture are measured regularly, and the data is recorded. Water management strategies are adjusted promptly based on data changes to ensure that water supply always meets the needs of seedling growth and tillering.

[0039] Step 8: Implement supporting cultivation management The supporting cultivation management includes three aspects: fertilization management, mid-term field drying, and pest and disease control. Each measure works synergistically with the aforementioned core steps to stably stimulate the effective tillering potential of japonica rice.

[0040] In terms of fertilization management, a combination of basal fertilizer, topdressing, and panicle fertilizer is adopted. Basal fertilizer is a mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Organic fertilizer improves soil structure and increases soil organic matter content, while inorganic fertilizer provides nutrients quickly. The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratio in the basal fertilizer is adjusted based on pre-sowing soil testing results to ensure nutrient supply matches soil fertility. Topdressing is applied twice during the tillering and panicle differentiation stages. Topdressing during the tillering stage provides nutrients for seedling tillering growth, while topdressing during panicle differentiation provides support for young panicle development. The proportion of nitrogen fertilizer in topdressing is higher than that in basal fertilizer to meet the nitrogen requirements of japonica rice tillering and panicle development. Panicle fertilizer is applied twice during the mid-booting and heading stages. The first panicle fertilizer focuses on providing nutrients for spikelet differentiation and increasing the number of spikelets; the second panicle fertilizer focuses on promoting grain filling and improving the seed setting rate and thousand-grain weight. The fertilizer application rate matches the final basic seedling number calculated in step five, using a formula... Calculation determined, where Indicates the amount of fertilizer applied. This indicates the final basic number of seedlings. This represents the fertilization coefficient. Soil nutrient analysis and crop requirement models were used to determine the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in the soil. Soil nutrient analysis yielded the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, while the crop requirement model, based on the nutrient requirements of japonica rice at different growth stages, comprehensively determined the fertilization coefficient to meet seedling growth needs while avoiding nutrient overload. Fertilization management was coordinated with water management, with fertilization occurring during periods of low water levels to reduce fertilizer and water loss and improve fertilizer utilization. Regular field monitoring was conducted after fertilization, observing seedling leaf color, growth rate, and tiller quantity to assess fertilizer effectiveness. If poor fertilizer effectiveness was detected, subsequent fertilization plans were adjusted promptly.

[0041] Mid-term field drying is carried out during the peak tillering period. When the number of tillers in the field reaches the expected number of effective tillers, irrigation is stopped, and the field is allowed to dry naturally for drying. Field drying can control the growth of ineffective tillers, reduce nutrient consumption, increase soil aeration, promote deep root development, and enhance the lodging resistance of seedlings. The duration and extent of field drying are determined based on soil texture and seedling growth, ensuring the effectiveness of field drying while avoiding adverse effects on seedling growth.

[0042] In terms of pest and disease control, control measures were adjusted based on the resistance performance of this japonica rice variety: for diseases with strong resistance, the frequency of chemical pesticide use was reduced, and biological pesticides were prioritized for control to minimize the impact of pesticides on the environment and rice quality; for pests and diseases with weak resistance, highly effective, low-toxicity, and low-residue chemical pesticides were rationally selected, and the dosage and frequency of application were controlled. Pest and disease monitoring was conducted through a combination of field inspections and sensor networks. Field inspections were carried out regularly to observe whether the leaves, stems, and ears of rice showed symptoms of pests and diseases; the sensor network monitored environmental conditions such as field temperature, humidity, and light in real time, and predicted the risk of pest and disease occurrence based on changes in environmental conditions. Control measures were matched with cultivation methods. Under the blanket seedling machine transplanting cultivation method, the early growth of seedlings after transplanting was relatively concentrated, making them susceptible to pests and diseases. Therefore, control measures were strengthened in the early post-transplanting period to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases. Pest and disease control was coordinated with water management. Field humidity was controlled during the period of thin water layer to avoid high humidity environment inducing diseases. During the prevention and control process, the occurrence time, type, degree of damage, and control measures of pests and diseases are recorded in detail. The recorded data are analyzed to summarize the occurrence patterns of pests and diseases and optimize subsequent control strategies. The control effect is assessed by the disease incidence rate and insect population density. The disease incidence rate is calculated as the proportion of diseased plants to the total number of plants, and the insect population density is calculated as the number of pests per unit area. The effectiveness of the control measures is judged based on the assessment results, providing a reference for subsequent cultivation.

[0043] In summary, this embodiment, through a systematic cultivation process, from identifying the tillering ability characteristics of varieties and accurately determining the basic seedlings, to the coordinated implementation of seed soaking treatment, water management, and supporting cultivation measures, constructs a high-yield cultivation scheme adapted to the growth patterns of japonica rice. In this embodiment, the determination of tillering ability level is based on standardized experimental data, ensuring the accuracy of variety characteristic identification; the combination of benchmark basic seedlings and seedling age adjustment coefficients achieves dynamic and precise control of the number of basic seedlings; the synergy of Bacillus megaterium seed soaking and water management enhances seedling root vitality and tillering ability; and the implementation of supporting cultivation management measures provides comprehensive support for the stable formation of effective tillers. The cultivation method of this embodiment effectively solves the problems of extensive basic seedling determination, single tillering promotion measures, and poor coordination among various links in existing technologies, significantly improving the effective tillering rate of japonica rice and providing a reliable technical guarantee for high-yield japonica rice.

[0044] Example 2: Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment targets the single-season japonica rice cultivation scenario in the Sanjiang Plain of Northeast China. It selects locally grown japonica rice varieties with weak tillering ability, determines the tillering ability level of the varieties through standardized experiments, selects the manual transplanting cultivation method based on regional farming habits, and dynamically adjusts the final number of basic seedlings according to the seedling age under low temperature conditions after checking the baseline basic seedlings. Combined with Bacillus megaterium inoculum solution soaking, water management adapted to low temperature environment, and supporting cultivation measures, a cultivation plan adapted to the low temperature black soil conditions of Northeast China is formed, achieving a stable increase in the effective tillering rate of japonica rice.

[0045] This embodiment uses the cultivation of single-season japonica rice in the Sanjiang Plain of Northeast China as the application scenario. A locally prevalent japonica rice variety with weak tillering ability is selected as the cultivation object. This variety exhibits good resistance to low temperatures in the local environment, meeting the needs of regional grain production. The cultivation operation is carried out according to the method described in this invention, with the specific steps as follows: Step 1: Determine the tillering capacity level of the japonica rice variety to be planted. First, variety trial data for this japonica rice variety were obtained. The experiment was conducted in a standard experimental field in the Sanjiang Plain of Northeast China, with standard cultivation conditions set as follows: fixed fertilization level, fixed irrigation system, and fixed planting density. Under these standard cultivation conditions, the effective tillers in the experimental field were counted at the maturity stage of the japonica rice, and the number of tillers per unit area was statistically obtained.

[0046] Based on statistical results of multi-year, multi-location experimental data in the Sanjiang Plain of Northeast China, the applicable tillering capacity levels for this region were determined through statistical analysis. Specifically, the strong level corresponds to the top 20% of tillers per unit area, the strong level to the second-highest 20%, the medium level to the middle 20%, the weak level to the second-lowest 20%, and the weak level to the lowest 20%. By comparing the tillering capacity per unit area of ​​this japonica rice variety obtained in this statistical analysis with the above ranges, the tillering capacity level of this variety was determined to be weak.

[0047] Meanwhile, considering the significant annual temperature differences and slight variations in soil fertility in the Sanjiang Plain of Northeast China, which may affect tillering capacity, data such as the planting year of the variety, accumulated temperature, precipitation, and organic matter content of the black soil in the experimental area were recorded simultaneously during this implementation process. This data will provide support for the subsequent regular updates to the tillering capacity classification standards in this region.

[0048] Step 2: Determine the cultivation method Based on the farming habits, the heavy clay characteristics of the black soil, and the availability of labor in some areas of the Sanjiang Plain in Northeast China, manual transplanting was selected as the cultivation method for this project from three options: machine transplanting with blanket seedlings, manual transplanting, and direct seeding. This method allows for flexible adjustment of the transplanting depth according to the thickness of the topsoil layer, reduces damage to the black soil structure caused by mechanical operations, and facilitates the replenishment of seedlings manually during periods of low temperatures to ensure a basic number of seedlings, thus meeting the dual needs of local black soil protection and stable grain production.

[0049] Step 3: Query the predefined baseline seedling comparison table based on tillering ability level and cultivation method. The predefined baseline seedling comparison table is a two-dimensional matrix structure. The rows of the matrix correspond to the tillering ability level, and the columns correspond to the cultivation method. Each cell formed by the intersection of rows and columns stores the corresponding baseline seedling value, with the unit of value being 10,000 seedlings per acre.

[0050] The baseline basic seedling value was obtained through multi-year, multi-location field trials and data analysis in the Sanjiang Plain of Northeast China. For each combination of tillering capacity and cultivation method, multiple rounds of cultivation trials were conducted in experimental fields in different cities and counties within the region. The effective tillering rate and yield of japonica rice under different basic seedling numbers were recorded, with a focus on performance data from low-temperature years. Comparative analysis determined the optimal range of basic seedlings capable of achieving a high effective tillering rate under low-temperature black soil conditions, and the median value of this range was stored as the baseline basic seedling value in the reference table. Furthermore, with the introduction of new japonica rice varieties and improvements in cultivation techniques in the region, this reference table will be updated every three years to ensure the regional adaptability of the values.

[0051] In this implementation, the established tillering capacity level and cultivation method were input, and the corresponding baseline seedling value was retrieved from the baseline seedling comparison table. After the query, the adaptability of the baseline seedling value was verified by considering the black soil organic matter content and previous crop planting conditions of the cultivation plot: by comparing it with the baseline seedling usage of the same variety of japonica rice under similar black soil type and previous crop conditions in the local area, it was confirmed that the baseline seedling value is suitable for the high fertility level of the black soil and does not require regional adjustment. In addition, the baseline seedling comparison table used in this query has been stored in the regional agricultural technology extension platform and managed using version control to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the query results.

[0052] Step 4: Determine the seedling age adjustment coefficient based on the seedling age. The seedling age adjustment coefficient was calculated using a functional relationship established based on seedling physiological experiments and regression analysis conducted in the low-temperature environment of the Sanjiang Plain in Northeast China. In the seedling physiological experiments, seedlings of the same variety as those used in this cultivation were selected, and their leaf age and growth days were measured at different growth stages. Simultaneously, the tillering potential of the seedlings was observed, resulting in a large amount of experimental data. This data was processed through regression analysis to establish a functional relationship between the seedling age adjustment coefficient and leaf age and growth days, specifically in the form of… ,in This is the seedling age adjustment coefficient. Indicates the leaf age of the seedlings. Indicates the number of days the seedlings have grown; Leaf age is the weighting coefficient. This is the weighting coefficient for the number of growth days.

[0053] Leaf age weighting coefficient This reflects the impact of leaf age on seedling tillering potential under low-temperature conditions. Larger leaf ages indicate stronger resistance to low temperatures and more stable tillering potential in seedlings. The value of was determined by fitting nearly 5 years of experimental data from the Sanjiang Plain in Northeast China using the least squares method; the weighting coefficient for the number of growing days. This reflects the impact of the number of growing days on the tillering potential of rice seedlings under low-temperature conditions. The longer the growing days, the more cold-resistant substances the seedlings accumulate, and the stronger their ability to support tillering. Similarly, it is determined by fitting historical data using the least squares method.

[0054] In this implementation, the leaf age and growth days of the seedlings were measured 7 days before transplanting. These measurements were then substituted into the aforementioned functional relationship to dynamically calculate the seedling age adjustment coefficient for this cultivation. Simultaneously, considering the potential impact of the prolonged low temperatures in the spring of this cultivation year on the seedling age adjustment coefficient, the functional relationship was calibrated after calculation, referencing past applications of the same variety under similar low-temperature duration conditions in the local area. This ensured that the calculated seedling age adjustment coefficient accurately reflected the actual tillering potential of the seedlings cultivated under low-temperature conditions.

[0055] Step 5: Calculate the final basic number of seedlings. Multiply the baseline seedling count obtained in step three by the seedling age adjustment coefficient calculated in step four to obtain the final number of basic seedlings for this japonica rice cultivation. This calculation process fully considers the relatively weak tillering ability of the variety, the manual transplanting method, and the slow seedling growth under the low temperature conditions in Northeast China. It ensures that the final number of basic seedlings can avoid insufficient effective panicles during the low temperature period due to too few basic seedlings, while also preventing intense nutrient competition and poor ventilation and light penetration in the black soil due to too many basic seedlings, thus providing a reasonable basis for the formation of effective tillers.

[0056] Step 6: Soak the seed in Bacillus megaterium solution. Bacillus megaterium culture solution is prepared using a fermentation process suitable for low-temperature environments. During fermentation, culture conditions are controlled to ensure that the activity and concentration of Bacillus megaterium in the culture solution meet the seed soaking requirements of the low-temperature environment in Northeast China. Seed soaking is carried out in a temperature-controlled environment. Japonica rice seeds are immersed in the prepared Bacillus megaterium culture solution. The soaking time is optimized based on the water absorption characteristics of this variety of seed under low-temperature conditions and the concentration of the culture solution to ensure that the seeds can fully absorb the beneficial components in the culture solution, while avoiding excessive soaking time that could cause the seeds to rot at low temperatures.

[0057] During the soaking process, the germination rate and root development indicators of the seeds were observed and monitored regularly: Germination was observed in three groups of 50 seeds each to calculate the germination rate, with particular attention paid to the uniformity of germination under low-temperature conditions; the length, thickness, and number of root hairs of the seed roots were observed under a microscope to assess root development and ensure rapid root establishment in the low-temperature black soil. After soaking, the seeds underwent germination treatment. During germination, the ambient temperature, humidity, and ventilation were controlled, with a focus on maintaining a stable germination temperature to promote rapid and uniform germination and prevent germination stagnation due to low temperatures.

[0058] The application of Bacillus megaterium inoculum solution, combined with subsequent water management, was used in conjunction with field water layer management during transplanting. This water layer not only provided a moist environment for early root growth but also acted as insulation, reducing the damage of low temperatures to the roots, promoting root absorption of nutrients from the black soil, and thus enhancing the tillering ability of the seedlings. Furthermore, the seed soaking equipment was cleaned and maintained before and after soaking to remove residual impurities and inoculum solution, preventing equipment contamination that could affect the soaking effect. The effectiveness of the soaking was assessed through seedling vigor testing. After the seedlings reached the 3-leaf stage, their height, fresh weight, and chlorophyll content were measured, focusing on evaluating the seedlings' resistance to low temperatures and their growth vigor, thus verifying the effectiveness of the soaking treatment.

[0059] Step 7: Water Management After Transplanting Water management is divided into two key stages: a shallow water layer during transplanting and a thin water layer during the early tillering stage. During transplanting, a shallow water layer is maintained in the field, deep enough to cover the roots of the seedlings, providing a stable growing environment and insulation to ensure their survival in low temperatures. This also reduces damage to the seedling roots during manual transplanting and promotes rapid greening of the seedlings.

[0060] After entering the early tillering stage, the field water layer is adjusted to a thin layer. This thin layer increases soil temperature, mitigating the inhibitory effect of low temperatures on tiller bud germination, while also increasing soil oxygen content. This provides sufficient oxygen for seedling root respiration and tiller bud germination, promoting tillering. Water management is implemented through field water level sensors and an automatic irrigation system: the sensors monitor field water level changes in real time; when the water level falls below a set range, the automatic irrigation system activates to replenish the field; when the water level reaches the set range, the automatic irrigation system stops to prevent excessive moisture from causing a drop in soil temperature.

[0061] The duration of the thin water layer was adjusted based on the tillering progress under the low-temperature environment of Northeast China: the number and growth status of seedlings were observed every 3 days. Due to the slower tillering rate under low-temperature conditions, the duration of the thin water layer was appropriately extended compared to Example 1. When the number of tillers reached the expected target, the field water volume was gradually reduced to prepare for subsequent mid-term field drying. The synergistic effect of water management and seed soaking treatment allowed the thin water layer environment to promote root expansion in seedlings soaked in Bacillus megaterium, increasing the root absorption area and further enhancing the tillering ability of seedlings under low temperatures. Simultaneously, water management was coordinated with fertilization management to avoid deep water layers in the field during the early tillering stage, preventing fertilizer loss and ensuring that seedlings could fully absorb nutrients, providing support for tillering growth. During water management, field water depth and soil moisture were measured daily, and the data were recorded. Water management strategies were adjusted promptly based on data changes to ensure that the water supply always met the needs of seedling growth and tillering under low-temperature conditions.

[0062] Step 8: Implement supporting cultivation management The supporting cultivation management includes three aspects: fertilization management, mid-term field drying, and pest and disease control. Each measure works synergistically with the aforementioned core steps to adapt to the low-temperature black soil conditions in Northeast China and stably stimulate the effective tillering potential of japonica rice.

[0063] In terms of fertilization management, a combination of basal fertilizer, topdressing, and panicle fertilizer is adopted. Basal fertilizer is a mixture of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Considering the high organic matter content of the black soil in Northeast China, the proportion of organic fertilizer in the basal fertilizer is appropriately reduced, while the proportion of inorganic fertilizer is adjusted according to the nutrient status of the black soil to ensure that nutrient supply matches the soil fertility and avoid excessive nutrient intake leading to excessive vegetative growth. Topdressing is applied in two stages during the tillering and panicle differentiation stages. Due to the late start of tillering in the low-temperature environment of Northeast China, the topdressing time during the tillering stage is appropriately delayed compared to Example 1, providing precise nutrient support for tillering growth. Topdressing during panicle differentiation provides support for young panicle development, and the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer in topdressing is higher than that in basal fertilizer to meet the nitrogen requirements of japonica rice tillering and panicle development. Panicle fertilizer is applied twice, once during the mid-booting and once during the heading stage. The first panicle fertilizer focuses on providing nutrients for spikelet differentiation and increasing the number of spikelets; the second panicle fertilizer focuses on promoting grain filling, increasing the grain filling rate and thousand-grain weight, and addressing the impact of rapid temperature drops in Northeast China on grain filling in the later stages. The amount of fertilizer applied should be matched with the final basic seedling number calculated in step five, using the formula. Calculation determined, where Indicates the amount of fertilizer applied. This indicates the final basic number of seedlings. This represents the fertilization coefficient. Nutrient analysis of black soil and crop demand modeling were used to determine the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content and organic matter levels in the soil. The crop demand model, based on the nutrient requirements of Northeast japonica rice at different growth stages, comprehensively determined the fertilization coefficient to meet seedling growth needs while avoiding nutrient overload. Fertilizer management was coordinated with water management, with fertilization occurring during periods of thin water layers to reduce fertilizer and water loss and improve fertilizer utilization. Field monitoring was conducted every 5 days after fertilization, observing seedling leaf color, growth rate, and tiller quantity to assess fertilizer effectiveness. If poor fertilizer effectiveness was detected, subsequent fertilization plans were adjusted promptly.

[0064] Mid-term field drying is carried out during the peak tillering period. When the number of tillers in the field reaches the expected number of effective tillers, irrigation is stopped, and the field is allowed to dry naturally for drying. Considering the strong water retention of Northeast China's black soil, the drying time is appropriately extended compared to Example 1 to ensure the drying effect. Drying can control the growth of ineffective tillers, reduce nutrient consumption, increase soil permeability, promote deep root development, and enhance the seedlings' resistance to lodging in the black soil. The degree of drying is determined according to the soil texture and seedling growth to avoid excessive drying leading to water shortage in the seedlings.

[0065] Regarding pest and disease control, control measures were adjusted based on the resistance performance of this japonica rice variety in the Sanjiang Plain of Northeast China: For pests and diseases prevalent in this region, such as rice blast and rice stem borer, if the variety has strong resistance to rice blast, biological pesticides were prioritized for control to reduce the impact of pesticides on the black soil ecological environment and rice quality; if the variety has weak resistance to rice stem borer, highly effective, low-toxicity, and low-residue chemical pesticides were rationally selected, and the dosage and frequency of application were controlled to avoid pesticide residues. Pest and disease monitoring was conducted through a combination of field inspections and sensor networks. Field inspections were carried out every 7 days to observe whether the seedlings, leaves, stems, and ears showed symptoms of pests and diseases; the sensor network monitored environmental conditions such as field temperature, humidity, and light in real time, focusing on changes in high humidity environments, and predicting the risk of pest and disease occurrence based on changes in environmental conditions. Control measures were matched with cultivation methods. Under manual transplanting, seedlings were more evenly distributed, and the spread of pests and diseases was relatively slow, thus allowing for a reduction in the frequency of control measures. Simultaneously, control measures were strengthened in the early post-transplanting period to prevent outbreaks of pests and diseases during the low-temperature, weak seedling stage. Pest and disease control was coordinated with water management; field humidity was controlled during periods of thin water layers to avoid high humidity inducing diseases. During the control process, the occurrence time, type, severity, and control measures of pests and diseases were recorded in detail. The recorded data were analyzed to summarize the occurrence patterns of pests and diseases under the low-temperature conditions of Northeast China, optimizing subsequent control strategies. The effectiveness of control measures was assessed through disease incidence and insect population density. Disease incidence was calculated as the proportion of diseased plants to the total number of plants, and insect population density was calculated as the number of pests per unit area. The effectiveness of control measures was judged based on the assessment results, providing a reference for subsequent cultivation.

[0066] In summary, this embodiment, through a systematic cultivation approach adapted to the low-temperature black soil conditions of the Sanjiang Plain in Northeast China, constructs a high-yield cultivation scheme suitable for the growth environment of Japonica rice in Northeast China. This scheme encompasses everything from identifying the tillering ability of varieties and accurately determining the basic seedling count, to the coordinated implementation of Bacillus megaterium inoculum soaking, water management, and supporting cultivation measures. In this embodiment, the determination of tillering ability levels is based on standardized experimental data from the Northeast region, ensuring the regional adaptability of variety characteristic identification. The combination of the baseline basic seedling count and the seedling age adjustment coefficient enables dynamic and precise control of the number of basic seedlings under low-temperature conditions. The synergy between Bacillus megaterium soaking and water management enhances the root vitality and tillering ability of seedlings in the low-temperature black soil. The implementation of supporting cultivation management measures provides comprehensive support for the stable formation of effective tillers. The cultivation method described in this embodiment effectively solves the problems of basic seedling regulation not adapting to low temperatures and poor synergy between tillering measures and black soil characteristics in existing technologies in the Sanjiang Plain of Northeast China. It significantly improves the effective tillering rate of japonica rice varieties with weak tillering ability, providing a reliable technical guarantee for high yield of japonica rice in this region.

[0067] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-yield cultivation method for improving effective tillering rate of japonica rice, characterized by, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the tillering capacity level of the japonica rice variety to be planted. The tillering capacity level is divided into multiple levels based on the tillering ability of the variety under standard test conditions. Step 2: Determine the cultivation method. Choose from the group consisting of machine-inserted seedlings, manual transplanting, and direct seeding. Step 3: Based on the tillering ability level and cultivation method, query the predefined baseline basic seedling comparison table to obtain the baseline basic seedling value. The baseline basic seedling comparison table stores the baseline basic seedling values ​​corresponding to different tillering ability levels and different cultivation methods. Step 4: Determine the seedling age adjustment coefficient based on the seedling age. The seedling age adjustment coefficient is determined based on the leaf age and growth days of the seedlings. Step 5: Multiply the baseline basic seedling count by the seedling age adjustment coefficient to calculate the final basic seedling count; Step 6: Before sowing, treat the seeds with Bacillus megaterium solution for soaking. Step 7: After transplanting, water management includes maintaining a water layer of about one inch at the time of transplanting and a thin water layer in the early stage of tillering. Step 8: Implement supporting cultivation management, including fertilization management, mid-term field drying, and pest and disease control; The step four, determining the seedling age adjustment coefficient based on the seedling age, includes: The seedling age adjustment coefficient is calculated through a functional relationship formula, and the formula is wherein represents the seedling age adjustment coefficient, represents the leaf age of the seedling, represents the growth days of the seedling; Function relationship Based on the seedling physiology experiment and regression analysis, the specific form is Wherein is the leaf age weight coefficient, is the growth day weight coefficient; leaf age weight coefficient reflects the degree of influence of leaf age on tillering potential, growth day weight coefficient reflects the degree of influence of growth days on tillering potential; The weighting coefficients were determined by fitting historical data using the least squares method; The water management in step seven includes: Water management is implemented through field water level sensors and automatic irrigation systems; The duration of the thin water layer is adjusted according to the tillering progress; The synergistic effect of water management and seed soaking treatment, with a thin water layer, promotes root expansion and tillering of Bacillus megaterium after seed soaking; Step seven also includes the coordination of water management and fertilization management, which is used in the early stage of tillering to avoid deep water layers in order to facilitate nutrient absorption; Water management monitoring includes regularly measuring water depth and soil moisture; The query of the predefined baseline seedling comparison table in step three includes: The baseline seedling comparison table is a two-dimensional matrix structure, with rows representing tillering ability levels and columns representing cultivation methods. Each cell stores the corresponding baseline seedling value. The baseline seedling count was obtained through field trials and data analysis.

2. The high-yield cultivation method for improving the effective tillering rate of japonica rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the tillering capacity level of the planted japonica rice variety in step one includes: The number of tillers per unit area of ​​the variety under standard cultivation conditions was obtained through variety trial data. Based on the numerical range of the number of tillers per unit area, the tillering ability was divided into five levels, including strong, relatively strong, medium, relatively weak and weak. Standard cultivation conditions include fixed fertilization levels, irrigation regimes, and planting density; The number of tillers per unit area was obtained by planting the variety in a standard experimental field and counting the number of effective tillers; The classification of tillering capacity is based on the statistical results of experimental data from multiple years and locations; The numerical range of tillering ability grades was determined through statistical analysis. The strong grade corresponds to the 20% range with the highest number of tillers per unit area, the strong grade corresponds to the 20% range with the second highest number of tillers per unit area, the medium grade corresponds to the 20% range with the middle number of tillers per unit area, the weak grade corresponds to the 20% range with the second lowest number of tillers per unit area, and the weak grade corresponds to the 20% range with the lowest number of tillers per unit area. This step also includes regularly updating the tillering capacity grading standards to reflect the impact of variety improvement and environmental changes.

3. The high-yield cultivation method for improving the effective tillering rate of japonica rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baseline seedling control table is updated based on the introduction of new varieties and advancements in cultivation techniques; The query process includes inputting tillering ability level and cultivation method parameters, and outputting baseline seedling values; The unit for the baseline seedling count is 10,000 seedlings per mu (approximately 667 square meters). This step also includes verifying the adaptability of baseline seedling values ​​to local soil and climate conditions; The maintenance of the baseline seedling control table includes data backup and version control.

4. The high-yield cultivation method for improving the effective tillering rate of japonica rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step six, the inoculum treatment using Bacillus megater solution, includes: The preparation of Bacillus megaterium culture is accomplished through a fermentation process; The seed soaking treatment was carried out under temperature control, and the soaking time was optimized according to the seed variety and bacterial solution concentration. During the seed soaking process, monitor seed germination rate and root development indicators; After soaking, the seeds are germinated. Germination conditions include temperature, humidity, and ventilation control. The application of Bacillus megaterium solution in conjunction with water management, and the use of a water layer of 1 inch during transplanting after soaking the seeds to promote early root growth; This step also includes cleaning and maintaining the soaking equipment; The effectiveness of seed soaking was assessed through seedling vigor testing.

5. A high-yield cultivation method for improving the effective tillering rate of japonica rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilization management in step eight includes: The application of base fertilizer combines organic and inorganic fertilizers, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio in the base fertilizer is adjusted according to the soil test results; Topdressing should be applied in two stages during the tillering and panicle differentiation stages, with a higher proportion of nitrogen fertilizer in the topdressing than in the basal fertilizer. The panicle fertilizer is applied twice, once during the mid-panicle incubation period and once during the heading period. The first panicle fertilizer focuses on increasing the number of spikelets, and the second panicle fertilizer focuses on increasing the seed setting rate and the thousand-grain weight. The amount of fertilizer applied should be matched with the final basic number of seedlings. The amount of fertilizer applied is calculated using a formula, which is: ,in Indicates the amount of fertilizer applied. This indicates the final basic number of seedlings. Indicates the fertilization coefficient; Fertilization coefficient Determined through soil nutrient analysis and crop requirement models; Fertilizer and water management should be coordinated to prevent fertilizer and water loss during periods of thin water layers. This step also includes post-fertilization field monitoring to assess fertilizer effectiveness.

6. A high-yield cultivation method for improving the effective tillering rate of japonica rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pest and disease control in step eight includes: Adjust the amount of chemical pesticides based on the resistance performance of varieties. If the variety is highly resistant to diseases, reduce the number of times chemical pesticides are applied and give priority to biological pesticides for control. Pest and disease monitoring is achieved through field inspections and sensor networks; Prevention and control measures should be matched with cultivation methods, and early prevention should be emphasized in machine transplanting cultivation; The combined use of pest and disease control and water management helps to prevent diseases induced by high humidity during periods of thin water layers. This step also includes recording and analyzing pest and disease data to optimize control strategies; The effectiveness of prevention and control measures was assessed using disease incidence and insect population density indicators.

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