A tower-type pumping unit well workover operation forward relocation auxiliary device and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tower pumping unit technology, specifically to an auxiliary device and method for moving a tower pumping unit before well workover operations. It measures fixed sway energy based on the energy characteristics exhibited by the hydraulic pump outlet pressure and a fixed sway frequency, thereby measuring the external force sway energy that characterizes the intensity of external force influence. Subsequent tower control speed calculations comprehensively consider the influence of external forces on tower sway, enabling adaptive adjustment of the tower speed based on the controlled speed and real-time tower speed. This addresses the problem in existing tower pumping unit moving devices that do not consider the influence of external forces such as wind, which can lead to tower swaying during movement and potential safety hazards, resulting in poor moving efficiency and safety for tower pumping units. This invention improves the moving efficiency and safety of tower pumping units.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tower pumping unit technology, and specifically to an auxiliary device and method for moving the tower pumping unit forward during well workover operations. Background Technology

[0002] The tower-type pumping unit adopts a guide arm design. The arm is connected to the main body of the pumping unit via a movable pin. Two rollers that work with belts (or wire ropes) are installed at the front end of the arm. The belts (or wire ropes) reciprocate on the rollers. To prevent the derrick from colliding with the guide arm during well workover operations, a baffle is installed at the end of the belt (or wire rope) near the suspension device. By jogging the tower-type pumping unit to move the suspension device upward, the baffle engages with the guide arm and drives the guide arm to rotate 90 degrees upward around the movable pin. This device can effectively free up upper space and is only suitable for simple well workover operations. In the prior art, patent application CN102838060A discloses a tower-type pumping unit moving device, which uses a lifting mechanism and a transmission mechanism in conjunction. Four moving devices are installed at the four corners of the tower machine. The lifting mechanism is rotated to lift the frame, and then the transmission mechanism is rotated to drive the wheels of the device to rotate, thereby moving the pumping unit. However, when relocating tower-type pumping units, this device does not take into account the influence of external forces such as wind, which may cause the pumping unit tower to sway during the relocation process, potentially leading to safety hazards. This results in poor relocation effectiveness and safety for tower-type pumping units. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problem that existing tower-type pumping unit relocation devices do not consider the influence of external forces such as wind, which can cause the pumping unit tower to sway during relocation, potentially leading to safety hazards and resulting in poor relocation effectiveness and safety for tower-type pumping units, this application aims to provide an auxiliary device and method for relocating tower-type pumping units before well workover operations. The specific technical solution adopted is as follows: The first aspect of this application provides a method for moving a tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations, including: During the relocation of the tower-type pumping unit, the real-time tower speed and hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector were collected at each sampling moment; The sway data spectrum corresponding to the hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector is determined based on time-frequency conversion; a sway spectrum curve is constructed based on the frequency and energy amplitude in the sway data spectrum curve; the fixed sway frequency obtained a priori from the tower-type pumping unit is combined with the Gaussian distribution of the energy amplitude in the sway spectrum curve to determine the fixed sway energy of the tower during translation; the external force sway energy is determined based on the sway spectrum curve and the fixed sway energy. Based on the real-time tower speed, tower foundation speed, and the relative magnitude between the fixed sway energy and the external force sway energy at each sampling moment, the tower control movement speed is determined at each sampling moment; the tower speed is adaptively adjusted based on the tower control movement speed and the real-time tower speed.

[0004] Furthermore, the process of acquiring the sway data spectrum includes: The hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector is used as input, and the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm is used to calculate and output the corresponding sway data spectrum. The sway data spectrum is a two-row matrix, one row of which is frequency data and the other row is energy amplitude data.

[0005] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the shaking spectrum curve includes: A frequency-energy coordinate system is constructed with frequency as the horizontal axis and energy amplitude as the vertical axis in the oscillation data spectrum diagram. Based on the energy amplitude corresponding to each frequency in the oscillation data spectrum diagram, all coordinate points in the frequency-energy coordinate system are determined. Based on all coordinate points and a curve fitting method, the oscillation spectrum curve is determined.

[0006] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the fixed swaying energy includes: With the fixed swaying frequency as the mean of the high-speed function model, the swaying spectrum curve is fitted with a univariate Gaussian function model to determine the corresponding Gaussian function; based on the cumulative value of the function values ​​of all frequencies in the swaying data spectrum in the Gaussian function, the fixed swaying energy of the tower during the translation process is determined.

[0007] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the energy from the external force shaking includes: The sum of the energy amplitudes corresponding to all frequencies in the sway data spectrum is taken as the total sway energy of the tower during the translation process. The external force sway energy of the tower during the translation process is determined based on the difference between the total sway energy and the fixed sway energy.

[0008] Furthermore, the process of obtaining the tower control speed includes: The tower foundation speed is obtained when the tower is not disturbed by external forces; the ratio between the external force swaying energy and the fixed swaying energy is taken as the degree of external force influence; the product of the real-time tower speed at each sampling moment and the degree of external force influence is taken as the external force influence speed; the difference between the tower foundation speed and the external force influence speed is taken as the tower control movement speed at each sampling moment.

[0009] Furthermore, the process of adaptively adjusting the tower speed based on the tower control movement speed and the real-time tower speed includes: The product of the tower control speed and the preset jitter coefficient is used as the jitter control speed; At each sampling moment, when the real-time tower speed is greater than the tower control speed, the real-time tower speed is adjusted downward by a preset acceleration value to obtain the real-time tower speed at the next sampling moment. When the real-time tower speed is less than or equal to the jitter control speed, the real-time tower speed is adjusted upward by a preset acceleration value to obtain the real-time tower speed at the next sampling moment. When the real-time tower speed is less than or equal to the tower control speed and greater than the jitter control speed, the tower speed is not adjusted.

[0010] Furthermore, prior to the adaptive adjustment of the tower speed, the following is also included: The relocation auxiliary device is installed at the center of gravity of the four columns of the tower pumping unit during the relocation process, and is used in conjunction with the bracket used to adjust the level of the pumping unit for relocation.

[0011] Furthermore, prior to the adaptive adjustment of the tower speed, the following is also included: During the relocation of a tower-type pumping unit, the relocation auxiliary device uses hydraulic force to lift the frame of the tower-type pumping unit, changing the surface contact of the concrete foundation of the tower-type pumping unit to point contact, and placing the metal wheel at the bottom of the relocation auxiliary device on the concrete foundation slide rail of the concrete foundation of the tower-type pumping unit.

[0012] Furthermore, prior to the adaptive adjustment of the tower speed, the following is also included: Guide ropes are hung on the front ends of the left and right bases of the tower-type pumping unit, respectively, and the guide chains are attached to the lifting rings on the concrete foundation of the tower-type pumping unit. The tower-type pumping unit is moved on the slide rail of the concrete foundation by pulling the guide chains at the real-time tower speed at each sampling moment.

[0013] Furthermore, the adaptive adjustment of the tower speed also includes: Move the tower-type pumping unit to the target position, disassemble the auxiliary devices in sequence, tighten the base bolts, open the hydraulic pressure relief switch of the auxiliary devices, and let the frame rest stably on the concrete foundation. Disassemble the auxiliary devices. According to the direction of movement of the tower-type pumping unit, tighten the fixing bolts on both sides of the base in the reverse order of disassembling the bolts.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides an auxiliary device for moving the workover unit in a tower-type pumping unit, the device comprising: The data acquisition module is used to collect the real-time tower speed and hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector at each sampling moment during the relocation of the tower-type pumping unit. The sway energy determination module is used to determine the sway data spectrum corresponding to the hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector based on time-frequency conversion; construct a sway spectrum curve based on the frequency and energy amplitude in the sway data spectrum curve; determine the fixed sway energy of the tower during the translation process based on the fixed sway frequency obtained a priori from the tower-type pumping unit and the Gaussian distribution of the energy amplitude in the sway spectrum curve; and determine the external force sway energy based on the sway spectrum curve and the fixed sway energy. The tower speed adjustment module is used to determine the tower control movement speed at each sampling moment based on the real-time tower speed, tower foundation speed, and the relative magnitude between the fixed sway energy and the external force sway energy at each sampling moment; and to adaptively adjust the tower speed based on the tower control movement speed and the real-time tower speed.

[0015] This application has the following beneficial effects: First, the tower is usually supported by a hydraulic system. When the tower sways, the pressure provided by the hydraulic system changes with the sway. Therefore, the sway of the tower can be determined by analyzing the hydraulic pump outlet pressure monitored by the hydraulic system. This allows for real-time adaptive adjustment of the tower speed based on the sway, thereby improving the safety of relocating the tower-type pumping unit and making the relocation of the tower-type pumping unit more effective and safer.

[0016] Considering that the tower itself has a fixed swaying frequency, it should sway at this fixed frequency in the absence of external forces. However, in actual tower swaying data, due to the influence of external forces and other factors, its swaying trajectory is more complex and does not strictly follow the fixed swaying frequency. Therefore, in the hydraulic monitoring vector, most of the swaying data that differs from the fixed swaying frequency are caused by external forces. Thus, this embodiment uses frequency domain analysis on the hydraulic monitoring vector to analyze the characteristics of external force factors in the swaying data. Furthermore, during the actual tower movement, the center of gravity of the tower base may fail due to structural swaying or other reasons. Therefore, the fixed swaying frequency of the tower is not stable. Consequently, the actual fixed swaying frequency domain characteristics of the tower cannot be well concentrated at the fixed swaying frequency, but fluctuates left and right at the fixed swaying frequency. Therefore, based on the fixed swaying frequency obtained a priori from the tower-type pumping unit and the Gaussian distribution of the energy amplitude in the swaying spectrum curve, the fixed swaying energy is determined, and on this basis, the external force swaying energy under the influence of external forces is determined. Furthermore, by determining the relative magnitude between the fixed sway energy and the external force sway energy, the intensity characteristics of the external force sway are determined. Based on the determined tower control moving speed, the tower speed is adaptively adjusted in conjunction with the real-time tower speed. This ensures safety by adaptively reducing the tower moving speed when the external force sway intensity is too high, and by reasonably increasing the tower moving speed when the external force sway intensity is low, thus ensuring moving efficiency. This results in better relocation performance and safety for tower-type pumping units. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for moving a tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations, provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an auxiliary device for moving a tower-type pumping unit during well workover operations, provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall scene structure during the relocation of a tower-type pumping unit, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of an auxiliary device and method for working-out operations of a tower-type pumping unit according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, and specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0021] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the specific scheme of the auxiliary device and method for moving the tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations provided by the present invention.

[0022] This application provides a method for moving a tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a flowchart of a method for moving a tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations, according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising the following steps: Step S101: During the relocation of the tower-type pumping unit, collect the real-time tower speed and hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector at each sampling moment.

[0023] In one specific implementation of this invention, hydraulic pump outlet pressure data is collected at each sampling moment via a hydraulic system. The sampling frequency is set to once every millisecond. The hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector collected at each sampling moment specifically includes: a vector of length 1000 composed of hydraulic pump pressure data from all sampling moments within one second prior to each sampling moment, arranged in chronological order, with each element representing the hydraulic pump pressure data at the corresponding sampling moment. That is, each sampling moment collects both hydraulic pump pressure data and generates a hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector. The real-time tower speed at each sampling moment is detected by a speed sensor. For the tower foundation speed in the subsequent analysis process, which is the optimal translational speed of the tower under ideal conditions (i.e., the maximum speed at which the tower moves under ideal conditions), this embodiment uses a speed of 0.05 meters per second as the tower foundation speed, which can be adjusted as needed and will not be further elaborated here. It should be noted that the fixed swaying frequency is related to the tower-type pumping unit in the specific implementation process. Specifically, it is the fixed frequency of swaying of the tower under translational conditions without the action of external environmental forces, which needs to be provided by the designer and will not be further elaborated here.

[0024] Step S102: Determine the sway data spectrum corresponding to the hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector based on time-frequency conversion; construct a sway spectrum curve based on the frequency and energy amplitude in the sway data spectrum curve; determine the fixed sway energy of the tower during translation based on the fixed sway frequency obtained a priori from the tower-type pumping unit and the Gaussian distribution of the energy amplitude in the sway spectrum curve; determine the external force sway energy based on the sway spectrum curve and the fixed sway energy.

[0025] For towers, under normal circumstances, they should sway at a fixed frequency. However, in actual tower sway data, due to the influence of external forces and other factors, the sway trajectory is more complex and does not strictly adhere to the fixed frequency. Therefore, in the hydraulic monitoring vector, most sway data that differ from the fixed frequency are caused by external forces. Thus, this embodiment employs frequency domain analysis on the hydraulic monitoring vector to analyze the characteristics of external force factors in the sway data.

[0026] Preferably, in some possible implementations of the embodiments of the present invention, the process of obtaining the shaking data spectrum includes: Using the hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector as input, a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm is employed to calculate the corresponding sway data spectrum. The sway data spectrum is a two-row matrix, with one row representing frequency data and the other representing energy amplitude data. In the sway data spectrum, the energy amplitude corresponding to a fixed sway frequency F can be considered the frequency domain energy amplitude generated by the normal swaying of the tower. The energy amplitudes at other frequencies can be considered as energy amplitudes caused by external forces. Generally, the larger the proportion of energy amplitude at other frequencies to the total energy amplitude, the greater the influence of external forces such as wind on the tower is considered, and the lower the tower should be moved.

[0027] Preferably, in some possible implementations of the embodiments of the present invention, the process of obtaining the shaking spectrum curve includes: A frequency-energy coordinate system is constructed using frequency as the horizontal axis and energy amplitude as the vertical axis in the oscillation data spectrum graph. Based on the energy amplitude corresponding to each frequency in the oscillation data spectrum graph, all coordinate points in the frequency-energy coordinate system are determined. Using all coordinate points and a curve fitting method, the oscillation spectrum curve is determined. Transforming the data into a oscillation spectrum curve provides a more intuitive representation of the energy amplitude distribution of each spectrum and facilitates subsequent Gaussian fitting analysis. It should be noted that curve fitting is a technique well-known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated further here.

[0028] Furthermore, during the actual tower movement, the center of gravity of the tower base may fail due to structural swaying or other reasons. Therefore, the fixed swaying frequency of the tower is not stable. Consequently, the actual fixed swaying frequency domain characteristics of the tower cannot be well concentrated at the fixed swaying frequency, but fluctuate left and right at the fixed swaying frequency. Therefore, in order to better show the energy distribution of each frequency, Gaussian distribution is combined for analysis, so as to more accurately determine the corresponding fixed swaying energy under structural swaying and other reasons.

[0029] Preferably, in some possible implementations of the embodiments of the present invention, the process of obtaining fixed sway energy includes: First, the tower's center of gravity fluctuations are typically random, based on the initial center of gravity position. Therefore, in the resulting spectrum, the fixed sway energy usually exhibits a Gaussian distribution around the fixed sway frequency. Further, using the fixed sway frequency as the mean of a high-speed function model, a univariate Gaussian function model is fitted to the sway spectrum curve to determine the corresponding Gaussian function. Based on the cumulative value of the Gaussian function for all frequencies in the sway data spectrum, the fixed sway energy of the tower during translation is determined. Under the fitted Gaussian function, the function value at each spectral position can be approximated as the energy amplitude of the fixed sway energy at that frequency. Therefore, by accumulating the cumulative value of the Gaussian function for all frequencies, a more accurate fixed sway energy can be obtained. Even if the sway caused by external forces is close to the fixed sway frequency, resulting in a higher energy amplitude at the fixed sway frequency and thus interfering with the extraction of the fixed sway intensity features, the sway caused by external forces typically does not exhibit a Gaussian distribution at other frequency positions. Therefore, using a fitting method for extracting the intensity features of the fixed sway can avoid this interference. It should be noted that the univariate Gaussian function model is a technique well-known to those skilled in the art, and will not be further limited or elaborated upon here.

[0030] The fixed sway energy characterizes the sway intensity of the tower due to its fixed structure at the corresponding real-time tower speed, that is, the sway intensity without external force influence. Therefore, the external force sway intensity can be further measured by combining the fixed sway energy with the total sway energy. Preferably, in some possible implementations of the embodiments of the present invention, the process of obtaining the external force sway energy includes: The cumulative energy amplitude corresponding to all frequencies in the sway data spectrum is taken as the total sway energy of the tower during the translation process. The difference between the total sway energy and the fixed sway energy is used to determine the external force sway energy of the tower during the translation process. In other words, the process of obtaining the external force sway energy can be expressed by the formula: ;in, For the first Energy of external force swaying during the translation process of the tower at each sampling time; For the first The total sway energy of the tower during the translation process at each sampling time, which is the cumulative value of the energy amplitude corresponding to all frequencies in the sway data spectrum; For the first The fixed sway energy of the tower during translation at each sampling time is the sum of the Gaussian function values ​​of all frequencies in the sway data spectrum. It should be noted that in practice, when the calculated total sway energy is less than or equal to the fixed sway energy, the tower's movement environment is considered relatively stable, and the movement speed at the corresponding sampling time can be adjusted to the tower's base speed for full-speed movement.

[0031] Step S103: Determine the tower control speed at each sampling moment based on the real-time tower speed, tower foundation speed, and the relative magnitude between the fixed sway energy and the external force sway energy at each sampling moment; and adaptively adjust the tower speed based on the tower control speed and the real-time tower speed.

[0032] In step S102, real-time analysis of the tower's sway characteristics was completed, obtaining the intensity characteristics of fixed sway and external force sway. The greater the intensity characteristic of the external force sway, the lower the tower's moving speed should be, resulting in a smaller fixed sway amplitude and preventing excessive total sway amplitude that could pose a safety hazard. Therefore, by combining the real-time tower speed, tower foundation speed, and the relative magnitude of fixed sway energy and external force sway energy at each sampling moment, the tower's control speed, i.e., the speed that should be adjusted, is determined. Preferably, in some possible implementations of this invention, the process of obtaining the tower's control speed includes: The process involves obtaining the tower foundation velocity under undisturbed conditions; defining the ratio between the external sway energy and the fixed sway energy as the degree of external force influence; multiplying the real-time tower velocity at each sampling moment by the degree of external force influence as the external force influence velocity; and using the difference between the tower foundation velocity and the external force influence velocity as the tower control movement speed at each sampling moment. The process of obtaining the tower control movement speed is expressed by the following formula: ;in, For the first Tower control speed at each sampling time; The tower foundation speed is the speed of the tower under conditions where there is no external interference. For the first Real-time tower speed at each sampling time; For the first External force shaking energy at each sampling time; For the first The fixed sway energy at each sampling moment; through the formula for obtaining the tower control movement speed, it can be seen that when there is no external force, that is, when the degree of external force influence is 0, the tower can move at the tower base speed. Therefore, the calculated tower control movement speed is the tower base speed, so that the speed can be adjusted to the tower base speed in the future. When the real-time tower speed and external sway energy at the corresponding sampling moment are larger, it means that the safety risk is higher and the influence of external force is greater, so the speed should be smaller. Conversely, when the fixed sway energy is larger, it means that the energy generated by the tower structure is more likely to be dominant, the corresponding safety risk is lower, and the speed can be larger. The obtained tower control movement speed is essentially the movement speed that should be adjusted at the corresponding sampling moment, and the adjustment process needs to be carried out step by step. Therefore, further, in some possible implementations of the embodiments of the present invention, the process of adaptively adjusting the tower speed based on the tower control movement speed and the real-time tower speed includes: The product of the tower control speed and the preset jitter coefficient is used as the jitter control speed. At each sampling moment, when the real-time tower speed is greater than the tower control speed, the real-time tower speed is adjusted downward by a preset acceleration value to obtain the real-time tower speed at the next sampling moment; when the real-time tower speed is less than or equal to the jitter control speed, the real-time tower speed is adjusted upward by a preset acceleration value to obtain the real-time tower speed at the next sampling moment; when the real-time tower speed is less than or equal to the tower control speed but greater than the jitter control speed, the tower speed is not adjusted. In a specific implementation of this invention, the preset acceleration value is set to 0.5 meters per square second, which can be adjusted automatically; the purpose of setting the jitter control speed is to establish a speed range within which the tower maintains a constant speed between acceleration and deceleration states, preventing the tower from frequently changing its acceleration and deceleration strategies. By adaptively controlling the tower speed, the rack can be moved smoothly and efficiently with maximum efficiency while minimizing safety hazards.

[0033] Firstly, the purpose of this application is to determine the tower sway by analyzing the hydraulic pump outlet pressure monitored by the hydraulic system, and then adaptively adjust the tower speed in real time based on the sway, thereby improving the safety of relocating tower-type pumping units and resulting in better relocation effectiveness and safety. Before this, the prerequisites for tower movement need to be adjusted; in some possible implementations of this invention, the following operations need to be performed sequentially before adaptive tower speed adjustment: First, press the control button inside the intelligent control box to move the suspension rope device of the tower pumping unit to the lowest point, unload the load of the tower pumping unit, separate the suspension rope device from the polished rod clamp, and remove the polished rod clamp. Then, press the control button in the intelligent control box to make the tower-type pumping unit suspension rope device run to the highest point. Utilize the belt (or wire rope) to cooperate with the guide arm by setting the support baffle at one end of the suspension rope device to drive the guide arm to rotate 90 degrees upward around the guide arm movable pin, releasing the upper space required for well workover operations. Continue pressing the control buttons inside the intelligent control box to move the counterweight device of the tower-type pumping unit to its lowest point and place it on the base of the tower-type pumping unit, effectively lowering the center of gravity of the pumping unit and ensuring operational safety. Further, following the direction of relocation of the tower-type pumping unit, starting from the forward direction, loosen the fixing bolts on both sides of the base in sequence. To ensure operational safety, loosen the bolts on both sides until they meet the requirements for relocation. Then, the relocation auxiliary device for the tower pumping unit is installed at the center of gravity of the four columns of the tower pumping unit, and is used in conjunction with the bracket used to adjust the level of the pumping unit for relocation. Then, during the relocation of the tower pumping unit, the relocation auxiliary device uses hydraulic force to lift the frame of the tower pumping unit, so that the surface contact of the concrete foundation of the tower pumping unit becomes point contact, and the metal wheel at the bottom of the relocation auxiliary device is placed on the concrete foundation slide rail of the concrete foundation of the tower pumping unit. Finally, the guide ropes are attached to the guide rope base loops at the front ends of the left and right bases of the tower-type pumping unit, respectively. These, along with the guide chain, are then attached to the guide rope base loops on the concrete foundation of the tower-type pumping unit. By pulling the guide chain along the concrete foundation rails, the tower-type pumping unit is moved at the real-time tower speed at each sampling moment; resulting in an overall appearance as... Figure 3 The image shows a moving tower-type pumping unit. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 It shows a schematic diagram of the overall scene structure during the relocation of a tower-type pumping unit according to an embodiment of the present invention: In Figure 3 In the diagram, S301 is the cement foundation, S302 is the cement foundation slide rail, S303 is the guide rope foundation hanging ring, S304 is the guide rope base hanging ring, S305 is the tower machine base, S306 is the guide rope, S307 is the guide chain, S308 is the machine relocation auxiliary device, and S309 is the tower body.

[0034] Through the above-mentioned operations, the existing method of moving the tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations has been improved. This method moves the unit frame smoothly and efficiently, greatly helping to make room for well workover operations. It changes the current method of moving the tower-type pumping unit forward and backward, which mainly uses hydraulic stations and hydraulic cylinders. Instead, it uses a new auxiliary device in conjunction with a guide chain to achieve efficient and safe relocation of the unit.

[0035] Finally, the tower pumping unit was moved by calculating the real-time tower speed at each sampling moment. After moving the tower pumping unit to the target location, the auxiliary devices were disassembled in sequence, the base bolts were tightened, and the hydraulic pressure relief switch of the auxiliary devices was opened to allow the frame to be placed stably on the concrete foundation. The auxiliary devices were then disassembled. According to the direction of movement of the tower pumping unit, the fixing bolts on both sides of the base were tightened in the reverse order of the disassembly bolts to safely fix the tower pumping unit, making the relocation process more complete and safer.

[0036] In summary, this application measures fixed sway energy based on the energy characteristics exhibited by the hydraulic pump outlet pressure and a fixed sway frequency, thereby measuring the external force sway energy that characterizes the intensity of the external force's influence. Subsequent calculations of the tower control speed can comprehensively consider the influence of external forces on tower sway, enabling adaptive adjustment of the tower speed based on the tower control speed and the real-time tower speed. This addresses the problem in existing tower-type pumping unit relocation devices that do not consider the influence of external forces such as wind, which can lead to tower swaying during relocation and potential safety hazards, resulting in poor relocation effectiveness and safety for tower-type pumping units. This application improves the relocation effectiveness and safety of tower-type pumping units.

[0037] This application also provides an auxiliary device for moving the tower-type pumping unit before well workover operations. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The diagram shows a structural diagram of an auxiliary device for moving a tower-type pumping unit during well workover operations, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes: a data acquisition module 201, a sway energy determination module 202, and a tower speed adjustment module 203.

[0038] Data acquisition module 201 is used to acquire the real-time tower speed and hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector at each sampling moment during the relocation of the tower pumping unit. The sway energy determination module 202 is used to determine the sway data spectrum corresponding to the hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector based on time-frequency conversion; construct a sway spectrum curve based on the frequency and energy amplitude in the sway data spectrum curve; determine the fixed sway energy of the tower during the translation process based on the fixed sway frequency obtained a priori from the tower-type pumping unit and the Gaussian distribution of the energy amplitude in the sway spectrum curve; and determine the external force sway energy based on the sway spectrum curve and the fixed sway energy. The tower speed adjustment module 203 is used to determine the tower control movement speed at each sampling moment based on the real-time tower speed, tower foundation speed, and the relative magnitude between the fixed sway energy and the external force sway energy at each sampling moment; and to perform adaptive adjustment of the tower speed based on the tower control movement speed and the real-time tower speed.

[0039] It should be noted that the system provided in the above embodiments is only an example of the division of the above functional modules. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the computer equipment can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the auxiliary device for moving the tower-type pumping unit well workover operation and the method embodiment for moving the tower-type pumping unit well workover operation provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0040] It should be noted that the order of the above embodiments of the present invention is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0041] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for moving the workover unit forward during well workover operations using a tower-type pumping unit, characterized in that, The method includes: During the relocation of the tower-type pumping unit, the real-time tower speed and hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector were collected at each sampling moment; The sway data spectrum corresponding to the hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector is determined based on time-frequency conversion; a sway spectrum curve is constructed based on the frequency and energy amplitude in the sway data spectrum curve; the fixed sway frequency obtained a priori from the tower-type pumping unit is combined with the Gaussian distribution of the energy amplitude in the sway spectrum curve to determine the fixed sway energy of the tower during translation; the external force sway energy is determined based on the sway spectrum curve and the fixed sway energy. Based on the real-time tower speed, tower foundation speed, and the relative magnitude between the fixed sway energy and the external force sway energy at each sampling moment, the tower control movement speed is determined at each sampling moment; the tower speed is adaptively adjusted based on the tower control movement speed and the real-time tower speed. The process of adaptively adjusting the tower speed based on the tower control moving speed and the real-time tower speed includes: The product of the tower control speed and the preset jitter coefficient is used as the jitter control speed; At each sampling moment, when the real-time tower speed is greater than the tower control speed, the real-time tower speed is adjusted downward by a preset acceleration value to obtain the real-time tower speed at the next sampling moment. When the real-time tower speed is less than or equal to the jitter control speed, the real-time tower speed is adjusted upward by a preset acceleration value to obtain the real-time tower speed at the next sampling moment. When the real-time tower speed is less than or equal to the tower control speed and greater than the jitter control speed, the tower speed is not adjusted.

2. The method for moving the tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the oscillation data spectrum includes: The hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector is used as input, and the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm is used to calculate and output the corresponding sway data spectrum. The sway data spectrum is a two-row matrix, one row of which is frequency data and the other row is energy amplitude data.

3. The method for moving the tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the shaking spectrum curve includes: A frequency-energy coordinate system is constructed with frequency as the horizontal axis and energy amplitude as the vertical axis in the oscillation data spectrum diagram. Based on the energy amplitude corresponding to each frequency in the oscillation data spectrum diagram, all coordinate points in the frequency-energy coordinate system are determined. Based on all coordinate points and a curve fitting method, the oscillation spectrum curve is determined.

4. The method for moving the tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the fixed sway energy includes: With the fixed swaying frequency as the mean of the high-speed function model, the swaying spectrum curve is fitted with a univariate Gaussian function model to determine the corresponding Gaussian function; based on the cumulative value of the function values ​​of all frequencies in the swaying data spectrum in the Gaussian function, the fixed swaying energy of the tower during the translation process is determined.

5. The method for moving the tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the energy from the external force shaking includes: The sum of the energy amplitudes corresponding to all frequencies in the sway data spectrum is taken as the total sway energy of the tower during the translation process. The external force sway energy of the tower during the translation process is determined based on the difference between the total sway energy and the fixed sway energy.

6. The method for moving the tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the tower control speed includes: The tower foundation speed is obtained when the tower is not disturbed by external forces; the ratio between the external force swaying energy and the fixed swaying energy is taken as the degree of external force influence; the product of the real-time tower speed at each sampling moment and the degree of external force influence is taken as the external force influence speed; the difference between the tower foundation speed and the external force influence speed is taken as the tower control movement speed at each sampling moment.

7. The method for moving the tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Prior to the adaptive adjustment of the tower speed, the following also applies: The relocation auxiliary device is installed at the center of gravity of the four columns of the tower pumping unit during the relocation process, and is used in conjunction with the bracket used to adjust the level of the pumping unit for relocation.

8. The method for moving the tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Prior to the adaptive adjustment of the tower speed, the following also applies: During the relocation of a tower-type pumping unit, the relocation auxiliary device uses hydraulic force to lift the frame of the tower-type pumping unit, changing the surface contact of the concrete foundation of the tower-type pumping unit to point contact, and placing the metal wheel at the bottom of the relocation auxiliary device on the concrete foundation slide rail of the concrete foundation of the tower-type pumping unit.

9. A method for moving the tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Prior to the adaptive adjustment of the tower speed, the following also applies: Guide ropes are hung on the front ends of the left and right bases of the tower-type pumping unit, respectively, and the guide chains are attached to the lifting rings on the concrete foundation of the tower-type pumping unit. The tower-type pumping unit is moved on the slide rail of the concrete foundation by pulling the guide chains at the real-time tower speed at each sampling moment.

10. A method for moving the tower-type pumping unit forward during well workover operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive adjustment of the tower speed also includes: Move the tower-type pumping unit to the target position, disassemble the auxiliary devices in sequence, tighten the base bolts, open the hydraulic pressure relief switch of the auxiliary devices, and let the frame rest stably on the concrete foundation. Disassemble the auxiliary devices. According to the direction of movement of the tower-type pumping unit, tighten the fixing bolts on both sides of the base in the reverse order of disassembling the bolts.

11. An auxiliary device for moving the workover machine of a tower-type pumping unit, characterized in that, The device includes: The data acquisition module is used to collect the real-time tower speed and hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector at each sampling moment during the relocation of the tower-type pumping unit. The sway energy determination module is used to determine the sway data spectrum corresponding to the hydraulic pump outlet pressure vector based on time-frequency conversion; construct a sway spectrum curve based on the frequency and energy amplitude in the sway data spectrum curve; determine the fixed sway energy of the tower during the translation process based on the fixed sway frequency obtained a priori from the tower-type pumping unit and the Gaussian distribution of the energy amplitude in the sway spectrum curve; and determine the external force sway energy based on the sway spectrum curve and the fixed sway energy. The tower speed adjustment module is used to determine the tower control movement speed at each sampling moment based on the real-time tower speed, tower foundation speed, and the relative magnitude between the fixed sway energy and the external force sway energy at each sampling moment; and to adaptively adjust the tower speed based on the tower control movement speed and the real-time tower speed. The process of adaptively adjusting the tower speed based on the tower control moving speed and the real-time tower speed includes: The product of the tower control speed and the preset jitter coefficient is used as the jitter control speed; At each sampling moment, when the real-time tower speed is greater than the tower control speed, the real-time tower speed is adjusted downward by a preset acceleration value to obtain the real-time tower speed at the next sampling moment. When the real-time tower speed is less than or equal to the jitter control speed, the real-time tower speed is adjusted upward by a preset acceleration value to obtain the real-time tower speed at the next sampling moment. When the real-time tower speed is less than or equal to the tower control speed and greater than the jitter control speed, the tower speed is not adjusted.

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