Motor cooling structure, motor and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a motor cooling structure, a motor and a vehicle. The motor cooling structure comprises a rotor shaft, the rotor shaft having a rotor oil cavity; an oil guide pipe, a first end of the oil guide pipe being communicated with an oil pump, a second end of the oil guide pipe extending into the rotor oil cavity, the second end of the oil guide pipe forming an oil injection port; a bearing chamber, the bearing chamber being communicated with the rotor oil cavity and an oil pan; wherein a tangent direction of a contact point between oil liquid sprayed through the oil guide pipe and an inner wall of the rotor shaft is a first direction, the second end of the oil guide pipe has a bending structure, so that an included angle between an oil liquid spraying direction of the oil guide pipe and the first direction is an acute angle. The application solves the problem of high oil stirring loss in the rotor shaft cavity in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of motor cooling structure design technology, and more specifically, to a motor cooling structure, a motor, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, motor rotor cooling often focuses only on surface cooling, neglecting internal rotor heat management. The accumulation of heat inside the rotor not only reduces the overall heat dissipation performance of the motor but also damages the permanent magnets, affecting the motor's efficiency and lifespan. Furthermore, the motor's bearing lubrication and cooling systems are usually designed independently, lacking an effective oil return mechanism. This increases system design complexity, may lead to oil waste, and reduces the overall efficiency of the cooling system. Motor rotor cooling mainly includes two methods: active air cooling and liquid cooling. Liquid cooling, such as internal shaft cooling, offers higher cooling efficiency. However, existing liquid cooling systems suffer from high oil churning losses within the rotor shaft cavity during operation, resulting in energy loss.

[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the aforementioned problems in the existing technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a motor cooling structure, a motor, and a vehicle to solve the problem of high oil loss in the rotor shaft cavity caused by liquid cooling in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a motor cooling structure is provided, comprising: a rotor shaft having a rotor oil chamber; an oil guide pipe having a first end connected to an oil pump and a second end extending into the rotor oil chamber, the second end of the oil guide pipe forming an oil spray nozzle; and a bearing chamber connected to the rotor oil chamber and an oil pan; wherein the tangential direction of the contact point between the oil sprayed through the oil guide pipe and the inner wall of the rotor shaft is a first direction, and the second end of the oil guide pipe has a bending structure such that the angle formed between the oil spraying direction of the oil guide pipe and the first direction is an acute angle.

[0006] Furthermore, the oil guide pipe includes: a first pipe section, which is a straight pipe section, and the first end of the first pipe section is connected to the oil pump; and a second pipe section, which is connected to the second end of the first pipe section, forming a bent structure and forming an oil injection port.

[0007] Furthermore, the second pipe segment includes: a first sub-pipe, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the first pipe segment, and the axis of the first sub-pipe is perpendicular to the axis of the first pipe segment; and a second sub-pipe, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the first sub-pipe, and the axis of the second sub-pipe is perpendicular to both the axis of the first pipe segment and the axis of the first sub-pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the connection between the first sub-pipe and the first pipe segment is connected by an arc-shaped curvature pipe, and the connection between the first sub-pipe and the second sub-pipe is connected by an arc-shaped curvature pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the central axis of the first pipe section is set with an eccentricity between it and the central axis of the rotor shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the motor cooling structure also includes a connecting pipe, part of which is located inside the resolver cover, part of which is located inside the housing, and part of which is located inside the rear end cover. The first end of the first pipe section is connected to the connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is connected to the oil pump.

[0011] Furthermore, multiple oil-throwing holes are provided on both ends of the rotor oil chamber along the axial direction. One end of the oil-throwing hole is connected to the rotor oil chamber, and the other end of the oil-throwing hole is connected to the bearing chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the motor cooling structure also includes: a stator assembly located inside the housing, with a slotted straight-through flow channel inside the stator assembly; oil baffles, with two oil baffles respectively disposed on both sides of the stator assembly along the axial direction, one oil baffle forming an end oil immersion cavity between itself and the housing, and the other oil baffle forming an end oil immersion cavity between itself and the rear end cover, the two winding ends of the stator assembly extending into the corresponding end oil immersion cavities, the two end oil immersion cavities being connected through the slotted straight-through flow channel; one of the two end oil immersion cavities being connected to the oil pump, and the other end oil immersion cavity being connected to the oil pan.

[0013] Furthermore, the axis of the first pipe section is set at an angle with the axis of the rotor shaft, the angle being A, wherein 30°≥A>0°.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, an electric motor is provided, including an electric motor cooling structure, wherein the electric motor cooling structure is the electric motor cooling structure described above.

[0015] According to one aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, including an electric motor, wherein the electric motor is the one described above.

[0016] By applying the technical solution of this invention, the oil circuit coordination of the rotor shaft, oil guide pipe, and bearing chamber effectively achieves cooling and lubrication of the rotor oil chamber and bearing chamber. Because the second end of the oil guide pipe has a bent structure, the angle formed between the oil spray direction and the first direction is acute. The oil spray direction is consistent with the rotor shaft rotation direction. Due to the oil's initial acceleration, it is sprayed directly perpendicular to the chamber wall, effectively reducing oil churning losses within the rotor shaft cavity and minimizing energy loss. The technical solution of this application effectively solves the problem of high oil churning losses within the rotor shaft cavity in existing liquid cooling technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the motor cooling structure according to the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the motor cooling structure according to the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first embodiment of the oil guide tube according to the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the oil guide tube according to the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the rotor shaft according to the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the oil guide tube according to the present invention is shown.

[0024] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0025] 1. Rotor shaft;

[0026] 2. Oil guide pipe;

[0027] 3. Bearing housing;

[0028] 4. Oil pan;

[0029] 5. Bending structure;

[0030] 6. Connecting pipelines;

[0031] 7. Resolver cover plate;

[0032] 8. Shell;

[0033] 10. Rotor oil chamber;

[0034] 11. Oil ejector hole;

[0035] 21. First pipe section;

[0036] 22. First sub-tube;

[0037] 23. Second sub-tube;

[0038] 24. Curved tube;

[0039] 30. Stator assembly;

[0040] 40. Oil baffle;

[0041] 50. End oil immersion cavity;

[0042] 60. Winding end;

[0043] 70. Rear end cover. Detailed Implementation

[0044] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0045] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0047] Exemplary embodiments according to this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application is thorough and complete, and that the concept of these exemplary embodiments is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, for clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to denote the same devices, and therefore their description will be omitted.

[0048] Combination Figures 1 to 6As shown, according to a specific embodiment of this application, a motor cooling structure is provided.

[0049] The motor cooling structure includes a rotor shaft 1, an oil guide pipe 2, and a bearing chamber 3. The rotor shaft 1 has a rotor oil cavity 10; the first end of the oil guide pipe 2 is connected to an oil pump, and the second end of the oil guide pipe 2 extends into the rotor oil cavity 10, forming an oil spray nozzle; the bearing chamber 3 is connected to the rotor oil cavity 10 and to the oil pan 4; wherein, the tangential direction of the contact point between the oil sprayed through the oil guide pipe 2 and the inner wall of the rotor shaft 1 is the first direction, and the second end of the oil guide pipe 2 has a bending structure 5 so that the angle formed between the oil spraying direction of the oil guide pipe 2 and the first direction is an acute angle.

[0050] By applying the technical solution of this invention, the oil circuit coordination of the rotor shaft 1, oil guide pipe 2, and bearing chamber 3 effectively achieves cooling and lubrication of the rotor oil chamber 10 and bearing chamber 3. Because the second end of the oil guide pipe 2 has a bent structure 5, the angle formed between the oil spray direction of the oil guide pipe 2 and the first direction is an acute angle. The oil spray direction of the oil guide pipe is consistent with the rotation direction of the rotor shaft. Due to the oil's initial acceleration, it is sprayed directly relative to the vertical cavity wall, effectively reducing the oil churning loss within the rotor shaft cavity and minimizing energy loss. The technical solution of this application effectively solves the problem of high oil churning loss within the rotor shaft cavity in existing liquid cooling technologies.

[0051] Optionally, the oil can be sprayed out tangentially along the shaft wall to minimize energy loss.

[0052] The technical solution of this application utilizes the synergistic effect of the momentum of the oil and the rotation direction of the rotor shaft to reduce the stirring loss of the oil in the rotor oil chamber, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving cooling efficiency. The implementation effect is reflected in the fact that the cooling oil can form a smoother flow path in the rotor oil chamber, reducing energy loss caused by turbulence, while ensuring sufficient lubrication and cooling of the bearing chamber. The process is as follows: when the motor is running, the oil pump delivers the cooling oil into the oil guide pipe 2. The spray angle is adjusted by the bending structure 5, causing the oil to be sprayed along the rotation direction of the rotor shaft 1. The oil then flows into the rotor oil chamber 10 and the bearing chamber 3, completing cooling and lubrication. Afterward, the oil flows back to the oil pan 4, forming a closed cooling cycle.

[0053] The technical solution of this application provides two main aspects. First, a high-efficiency rotor shaft oil inlet scheme is designed. A spiral oil spraying is achieved using a special-shaped oil guide structure (bent structure 5), reducing oil churning losses. Second, a novel bearing oil cavity inlet and outlet scheme is provided, offering an oil outlet path for the rotor oil cavity and enabling oil return.

[0054] Furthermore, the oil guide pipe 2 includes: a first pipe section 21, which is a straight pipe section, and the first end of the first pipe section 21 is connected to the oil pump; and a second pipe section, which is connected to the second end of the first pipe section 21, and forms a bent structure and an oil injection port.

[0055] The principle behind this segmented design is to achieve efficient delivery and directional injection of oil from the oil pump to the rotor oil chamber through a combination of straight and bent pipe sections. The effect is improved oil delivery smoothness and injection precision, ensuring the efficient operation of the cooling and lubrication systems. In operation, the oil first travels in a straight line along the first pipe section 21, then changes direction upon reaching the bent structure, and is precisely injected into the rotor oil chamber 10 to achieve cooling and lubrication.

[0056] Optionally, the axial direction of the first pipe section 21 is parallel to the axial direction of the rotor shaft 1.

[0057] Furthermore, the second pipe segment includes: a first sub-pipe 22, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the first pipe segment 21, and the axis of the first sub-pipe 22 is perpendicular to the axis of the first pipe segment 21; and a second sub-pipe 23, the first end of which is connected to the second end of the first sub-pipe 22, and the axis of the second sub-pipe 23 is perpendicular to both the axis of the first pipe segment 21 and the axis of the first sub-pipe 22.

[0058] This design allows for a more uniform distribution of oil within the rotor shaft cavity, significantly improving cooling efficiency and optimizing lubrication of the bearing housing. The process involves the oil sequentially passing through the first sub-pipe 22 and the second sub-pipe 23, ultimately being sprayed into the rotor shaft cavity at an optimized angle, achieving efficient cooling and lubrication.

[0059] This structural design, in which the second pipe section is composed of the first sub-pipe 22 and the second sub-pipe 23, with both axes perpendicular to the axis of the first pipe section 21, and the fuel injector formed by the bending structure 5, has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0060] The second end of the oil guide pipe 2 is designed as a bent structure 5, so that the oil injection direction is along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the rotor shaft. This effectively reduces the stirring loss caused by the oil directly impacting the inner wall. The oil is sprayed out at an acute angle, which can flow more smoothly along the inner wall of the rotor shaft, reducing the mechanical energy loss of the oil and improving the cooling efficiency.

[0061] Through the two vertical turns of the first sub-tube 22 and the second sub-tube 23, the oil forms a spiral path when it is sprayed out, which helps to promote the formation of vortex in the oil in the rotor oil chamber, enhances the circulation effect of the oil, and allows the cooling oil to be more evenly distributed and cover the surface of the rotor shaft cavity, thus improving the cooling efficiency.

[0062] The design of the first sub-tube 22 and the second sub-tube 23 avoids direct interference with other components of the motor (such as the stator assembly, windings, etc.), allowing the cooling structure to be arranged more compactly inside the motor, reducing the complexity of design and manufacturing.

[0063] The rotor shaft cavity is directly connected to the bearing chamber in the design. Oil is guided to the bearing chamber through the oil slinger hole 11 to provide active lubrication for the bearing. This is more effective than passive lubrication (such as oil bath lubrication), reducing bearing wear and increasing its service life.

[0064] Optionally, the second end of the oil guide tube 2 can have a more advanced bending structure. For example, a third sub-tube can be designed with its axis at a certain angle to the axis of the second sub-tube 23, making the oil spray path more complex, forming a more optimized spiral flow, further reducing stirring loss and enhancing the oil circulation effect.

[0065] Preferably, the oil guide pipe 2 is equipped with an adjustable mechanism at the oil injection port, such as a micro-motion nozzle or a baffle, which can automatically adjust the angle and opening of the oil injection port according to the operating status of the motor (such as speed and load) to optimize the oil injection effect and adapt to the cooling and lubrication needs under different working conditions.

[0066] In one specific embodiment, a temperature sensor and a flow rate sensor are integrated at key locations in the oil guide pipe 2 to monitor the state of the oil in real time. The output flow and pressure of the oil pump are intelligently adjusted by the control system to ensure the cooling and lubrication effect of the oil while reducing energy consumption.

[0067] Furthermore, the connection between the first sub-pipe 22 and the first pipe segment 21 is connected by an arc-shaped curvature pipe 24, and the connection between the first sub-pipe 22 and the second sub-pipe 23 is connected by an arc-shaped curvature pipe 24.

[0068] The design principle of the arc-shaped curvature tube utilizes fluid mechanics principles to reduce resistance and eddies in oil flow through an arc transition, thereby improving the smoothness and efficiency of oil flow. The oil flows more smoothly inside the guide tube 2, reducing pressure loss and enhancing the overall performance of the cooling system. Under the action of the arc-shaped curvature tube 24, the oil smoothly transitions to the next tube section, forming a continuous and efficient cooling oil flow.

[0069] Furthermore, the central axis of the first pipe section 21 is set with an eccentricity between it and the central axis of the rotor shaft 1.

[0070] By offsetting the oil guide pipe, the oil outlet at the end is brought close to the inner wall of the rotor shaft, resulting in sufficient turbulent flow and increasing the oil flow rate within the rotor shaft cavity, thus enhancing the cooling effect. Utilizing the centrifugal force of the oil, it flows even closer to the inner wall of the rotor shaft, increasing the contact area between the oil and the inner wall, thereby improving the cooling effect. The heat exchange efficiency within the rotor shaft cavity is significantly improved, contributing to the stable operation of the motor under high loads. During motor operation, the oil, guided by the eccentrically positioned first pipe section 21, forms a spiral flow, tightly adhering to the inner wall of the rotor shaft, achieving efficient heat exchange.

[0071] Furthermore, the motor cooling structure also includes a connecting pipe 6, part of which is located inside the resolver cover 7, part of which is located inside the housing, and part of which is located inside the rear end cover 70. The first end of the first pipe section 21 is connected to the connecting pipe 6, and the connecting pipe 6 is connected to the oil pump.

[0072] This configuration establishes a complete oil circulation path, ensuring that the cooling oil can start from the oil pump, pass through the rotor shaft and bearing housing, and finally return to the oil pan, forming a closed-loop cooling system. This improves the integration and reliability of the cooling system and reduces maintenance costs. The cooling oil starts from the oil pump and is distributed to the entire cooling system, including key components such as the rotor shaft and bearing housing, through the connecting pipe 6. After completing cooling and lubrication, it returns to the oil pan 4, forming a stable oil circulation.

[0073] Furthermore, multiple oil-throwing holes 11 are provided on both ends of the rotor oil chamber 10 along the axial direction. One end of the oil-throwing hole 11 is connected to the rotor oil chamber 10, and the other end of the oil-throwing hole 11 is connected to the bearing chamber 3.

[0074] The design principle of the oil slinger hole is to utilize the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotor shaft to force the oil to flow from the rotor oil chamber to the bearing chamber, providing sufficient lubrication and cooling for the bearing. The lubrication and cooling effect of the bearing chamber is significantly improved, extending the service life of the bearing and improving the reliability and efficiency of the motor. During operation, the oil is evenly distributed to the bearing chamber 3 through the oil slinger hole 11 under the drive of the rotor shaft rotation, achieving comprehensive lubrication and cooling of the bearing.

[0075] Through the set oil-throwing hole, the oil in the rotor shaft cavity is thrown out to the bearing oil cavity to actively lubricate the bearing. The height of the bearing oil cavity return port ensures that the bearing is fully lubricated while avoiding oil churning in the bearing.

[0076] Furthermore, the motor cooling structure also includes: a stator assembly 30, which is located inside the housing and has a slotted straight-through flow channel; two oil baffles 40, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the stator assembly 30 along the axial direction, one oil baffle 40 forming an end oil immersion cavity 50 between itself and the housing 8, and the other oil baffle 40 forming an end oil immersion cavity 50 between itself and the rear end cover 70; the two winding ends 60 of the stator assembly 30 extend into the corresponding end oil immersion cavities 50, and the two end oil immersion cavities 50 are connected through the slotted straight-through flow channel; one end oil immersion cavity 50 is connected to the oil pump, and the other end oil immersion cavity 50 is connected to the oil pan 4.

[0077] The combination of a straight-through flow channel within the slot and an end-immersion oil chamber enables active cooling of the stator windings. Simultaneously, an oil baffle prevents oil leakage and maintains the airtightness of the cooling system. The temperature of the stator windings is effectively controlled, significantly improving the overall thermal management performance of the motor. In operation, cooling oil originates from the oil pump, flows through the straight-through flow channel within the slot and the end-immersion oil chamber 50, directly cooling the ends 60 of the stator windings, thus improving the motor's thermal stability and efficiency.

[0078] Furthermore, the axis of the first pipe section 21 is set at an angle with the axis of the rotor shaft 1, the angle being A, wherein 30°≥A>0°.

[0079] The principle behind this inclined design is to utilize the coordinated effect of the oil's momentum and the rotor shaft's rotation direction to reduce oil turbulence within the rotor shaft and improve cooling efficiency. The oil flow within the rotor shaft cavity is smoother, reducing energy loss caused by turbulence while ensuring adequate lubrication of the bearing housing. The oil is sprayed into the rotor shaft cavity through the inclined first pipe section 21, forming a flow pattern that matches the rotor shaft's rotation direction, achieving efficient cooling and lubrication.

[0080] In the technical solution of this application, the working circulation path of the oil is oil pump - rotor oil guide pipe - rotor oil chamber - bearing lubrication chamber - oil pan.

[0081] In one optional embodiment, the motor employs two cooling branches. Branch one: cooling oil enters the end immersion chamber from the inlet via an oil pump and radiator, then flows through the conductor cooling oil channel to the other end immersion chamber, and finally returns to the oil pan via a return pipe. Branch two: cooling oil enters the rotor shaft from the inlet via an oil pump and radiator, then flows through the rotor guide pipe and into the middle of the rotor oil chamber. Oil is then thrown through the rotor oil chamber and flows through the rotor oil chamber outlet into the bearing lubrication chamber. The bearing oil chamber has a return port to return oil to the oil pan. This significantly improves cooling efficiency.

[0082] In the motor cooling structure of this application, the oil circulation path is carefully designed to ensure efficient cooling and lubrication during motor operation. The following is the working circulation path of the oil in the system:

[0083] Oil pump to rotor oil guide pipe: Cooling oil is first pumped out from the oil pump, passing through connecting pipe 6, which is partially located inside the resolver cover plate 7 and partially inside the housing. The cooling oil then enters the first section 21 of the oil guide pipe 2. During this process, the oil is pressurized by the oil pump to circulate in the cooling system.

[0084] Rotor oil chamber: The second end of the oil guide pipe 2 extends into the rotor oil chamber 10 of the motor rotor shaft 1 through the bending structure 5, forming an oil spray port. The oil is sprayed onto the inner wall of the rotor shaft in a specific direction, and the tangent direction of the contact point with the inner wall forms an acute angle. This can reduce the agitation loss of the oil in the chamber and improve the cooling efficiency.

[0085] Bearing lubrication chamber: The oil injected into the rotor oil chamber 10 flows and rotates along the rotor shaft wall, and then enters the bearing chamber 3 through multiple oil throwing holes 11 on the side walls at both ends of the rotor oil chamber in the axial direction, thereby lubricating the bearing. This part of the oil then continues its circulation path.

[0086] Oil return from the oil pan: The oil in bearing chamber 3 will eventually flow back to the oil pan 4. The oil pan 4 serves as a storage and collection container for the oil, collecting the oil flowing out of the bearing lubrication chamber and preparing for the system's recirculation.

[0087] Stator cooling: The motor cooling structure also includes a stator assembly 30, which has a slotted straight-through flow channel. Two oil baffles 40 are respectively located on both sides of the stator assembly along the axial direction, forming end oil immersion chambers 50 between the baffles and the housing. After the cooling oil comes out of the oil pump, a portion of it directly enters the end oil immersion chambers 50 to cool the stator winding ends 60. The two end oil immersion chambers 50 are interconnected through the slotted straight-through flow channel, allowing the oil to flow between the two chambers and achieving effective cooling of the stator. The cooled oil returns to the oil pan 4 from the end oil immersion chambers 50 connected to the oil pan 4.

[0088] Oil return to oil pump: The oil collected from the oil pan 4 returns to the oil pump through the return oil pipeline, forming a closed-loop oil circulation system. The oil pump repressurizes the oil, causing it to circulate back to the rotor oil guide pipe and stator cooling system, maintaining continuous cooling and lubrication of the motor.

[0089] Through the carefully designed oil circulation path described above, the motor cooling structure of this application can effectively reduce oil churning losses in the rotor shaft cavity, provide efficient cooling and lubrication, and ensure smooth oil circulation, thereby reducing energy waste and improving the overall operating efficiency and lifespan of the motor.

[0090] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The overall layout of the motor cooling structure is shown, with the rotor shaft at the center and an oil chamber inside. The first end of the oil guide pipe connects to the oil pump, while the second end extends into the rotor oil chamber, forming an oil spray nozzle. The bearing housing communicates with the rotor oil chamber and is also connected to the oil pan. Notably, the second end of the oil guide pipe features a bend, ensuring that the oil spray direction forms an acute angle with the tangent at the contact point with the inner wall of the rotor shaft. This optimizes the oil flow path, reduces churning losses, and improves cooling efficiency.

[0091] Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 6 The structure of the oil guide pipe is described in more detail. It can be seen that the oil guide pipe mainly consists of two parts: a first section and a second section. The first section is a straight section, with its first end connected to the oil pump. The second section is connected to the second end of the first section via a connection point, forming a bent structure that ultimately forms an oil injection port at the second end. The second section is further subdivided into a first sub-pipe and a second sub-pipe. The first end of the first sub-pipe is connected to the second end of the first section, and the axis of the first sub-pipe is perpendicular to the axis of the first section. The first end of the second sub-pipe is connected to the second end of the first sub-pipe, and the axis of the second sub-pipe is perpendicular to both the axes of the first section and the first sub-pipe. This structural design ensures that the oil undergoes a two-directional change in its flow path within the second section, thus being sprayed into the rotor oil chamber at an acute angle, consistent with the rotation direction of the rotor shaft. This reduces friction between the oil and the rotor shaft, lowering energy loss.

[0092] Figure 5 The eccentric arrangement between the first pipe section and the rotor shaft is revealed. The eccentricity D between the central axis of the first pipe section and the central axis of the rotor shaft helps to achieve uniform oil distribution in the rotor oil chamber, enhancing the cooling effect. The motor cooling structure also includes a connecting pipe, part of which is located inside the resolver cover plate, and the other part is located inside the housing. The connecting pipe is connected to the first end of the first pipe section, thereby establishing a connection with the oil pump and ensuring a stable oil supply.

[0093] The figure shows oil slinger holes installed on the side walls at both ends of the rotor shaft. As can be seen, one end of the oil slinger hole is connected to the rotor oil chamber, and the other end is connected to the bearing chamber. This design allows the cooling oil to flow effectively from the rotor oil chamber to the bearing chamber, cooling and lubricating the bearing and ensuring the stable operation of the motor.

[0094] In one specific embodiment, the motor cooling structure includes a rotor shaft, an oil guide pipe, a bearing chamber, an oil pan, a stator assembly, an oil baffle plate, an end oil immersion chamber, and winding ends. The rotor shaft has a rotor oil chamber; the first end of the oil guide pipe is connected to an oil pump, and the second end extends into the rotor oil chamber to form an oil spray nozzle, having a bent structure to make the oil spray direction form an acute angle with the tangent of the shaft wall; the bearing chamber communicates with the rotor oil chamber and the oil pan; the stator assembly cooperates with the oil baffle plate and the end oil immersion chamber to form an oil circulation system.

[0095] Oil guide pipe structure: Divided into a first pipe section and a second pipe section. The second pipe section is further divided into a first sub-pipe and a second sub-pipe, connected by an arc-shaped curved pipe. The axis of the first pipe section has a certain angle with the rotor shaft axis. Oil circulation path: oil pump → connecting pipe → oil guide pipe → rotor oil chamber → bearing oil chamber → oil pan, and oil pump → end immersion chamber → stator assembly → end immersion chamber → oil pan. By adjusting the oil injection angle of the oil guide pipe to be consistent with the rotor shaft rotation direction, the agitation of the oil in the rotor shaft cavity is reduced, thus reducing energy loss. The unique oil circulation design ensures effective cooling of the rotor shaft cavity, bearing chamber, and stator assembly, improving the overall heat dissipation performance of the motor. The height design of the bearing oil chamber return port ensures bearing lubrication while reducing oil waste, integrating the bearing lubrication system and cooling system, and reducing design complexity.

[0096] Rotor shaft: Equipped with a rotor oil chamber for oil injection into the oil guide pipe.

[0097] Oil guide tube: Its bent structure ensures that the direction of oil injection forms an acute angle with the tangent direction of the inner wall of the rotor shaft, which is the key to reducing oil churning loss.

[0098] Bearing chamber: It is connected to the rotor oil chamber and oil pan, providing a path for oil return and active lubrication of the bearing.

[0099] Oil pan: As the collection and redistribution point for oil, it is crucial for oil circulation.

[0100] Stator assembly and oil baffle: Together with the end oil immersion chamber, they form the cooling path of the stator, ensuring efficient cooling of the stator windings.

[0101] Curved conduit: At the connection of the oil guide pipe, it ensures smooth oil flow and reduces resistance and loss.

[0102] Connecting pipelines: These connect the oil pump and the oil guide pipe, as well as the oil pump and the end immersion chamber, and are important channels for oil circulation.

[0103] Oil slinger holes: Designed on the side walls at both ends of the rotor oil chamber, these holes allow oil to flow from the rotor oil chamber to the bearing chamber, achieving effective oil distribution.

[0104] Oil pump: As the power source for oil circulation, it is indispensable.

[0105] In summary, the technical solution of this application aims to solve the problem of high oil loss due to churning in the rotor shaft cavity during liquid cooling in the prior art by optimizing the structure of the oil guide pipe and the oil circulation path, thereby improving the overall cooling and lubrication efficiency of the motor, thus improving the operating efficiency and life of the motor, while simplifying system design and reducing resource waste.

[0106] According to one aspect of the present invention, an electric motor is provided, including an electric motor cooling structure, wherein the electric motor cooling structure is the electric motor cooling structure described above.

[0107] According to one aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, including an electric motor, wherein the electric motor is the one described above.

[0108] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0109] In addition to the above, it should be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "another embodiment," and "embodiment" used in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment, which are included in at least one embodiment described in the general description of this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, the intention is to suggest that implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of this invention.

[0110] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0111] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor cooling structure, characterized in that, include: Rotor shaft (1), said rotor shaft (1) having rotor oil chamber (10); Oil guide pipe (2), the first end of the oil guide pipe (2) is connected to the oil pump, the second end of the oil guide pipe (2) extends into the rotor oil chamber (10), and the second end of the oil guide pipe (2) forms an oil injection port; Bearing chamber (3), the bearing chamber (3) is connected to the rotor oil chamber (10), and the bearing chamber (3) is connected to the oil pan (4); The first direction is the tangential direction of the contact point between the oil sprayed through the oil guide pipe (2) and the inner wall of the rotor shaft (1). The second end of the oil guide pipe (2) has a bending structure (5) so that the angle formed between the oil spraying direction of the oil guide pipe (2) and the first direction is an acute angle.

2. The motor cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil guide pipe (2) includes: The first pipe section (21) is a straight pipe section, and the first end of the first pipe section (21) is connected to the oil pump. The second pipe section is connected to the second end of the first pipe section (21), the second pipe section forms the bending structure, and the second pipe section forms the oil injection port.

3. The motor cooling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second pipe section includes: The first sub-pipe (22) has a first end connected to the second end of the first pipe segment (21), and the axis of the first sub-pipe (22) is perpendicular to the axis of the first pipe segment (21). The second sub-tube (23) has its first end connected to the second end of the first sub-tube (22), and the axis of the second sub-tube (23) is perpendicular to the axis of the first pipe segment (21) and the axis of the first sub-tube (22).

4. The motor cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connection between the first sub-pipe (22) and the first pipe segment (21) is connected by an arc-shaped curvature pipe (24), and the connection between the first sub-pipe (22) and the second sub-pipe (23) is connected by an arc-shaped curvature pipe (24).

5. The motor cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The central axis of the first pipe section (21) is set with an eccentric distance from the central axis of the rotor shaft (1).

6. The motor cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The motor cooling structure also includes a connecting pipe (6), part of which is located inside the resolver cover plate (7), part of which is located inside the housing (8), and part of which is located inside the rear end cover (70). The first end of the first pipe section (21) is connected to the connecting pipe (6), and the connecting pipe (6) is connected to the oil pump.

7. The motor cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple oil-throwing holes (11) are provided on both ends of the rotor oil chamber (10) in the axial direction. One end of the oil-throwing hole (11) is connected to the rotor oil chamber (10), and the other end of the oil-throwing hole (11) is connected to the bearing chamber (3).

8. The motor cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motor cooling structure also includes: Stator assembly (30), the stator assembly (30) is located inside the housing (8), and the stator assembly (30) is provided with a groove straight flow channel; Oil baffles (40), two oil baffles (40) are respectively disposed on both sides of the stator assembly (30) in the axial direction. One oil baffle (40) and the housing (8) form an end oil immersion cavity (50), and the other oil baffle (40) and the rear end cover (70) form an end oil immersion cavity (50). The two winding ends (60) of the stator assembly (30) extend into the corresponding end oil immersion cavities (50) respectively. The two end oil immersion cavities (50) are connected through the straight flow channel in the groove. One of the two end oil immersion chambers (50) is connected to the oil pump, and the other end oil immersion chamber (50) is connected to the oil pan (4).

9. The motor cooling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The axis of the first pipe section (21) is set at an angle to the axis of the rotor shaft (1), wherein the angle is A, and 30°≥A>0°.

10. An electric motor, comprising a motor cooling structure, characterized in that, The motor cooling structure is the motor cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A vehicle, comprising an electric motor, characterized in that, The motor is the motor described in claim 10.

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