Method and device for improving artificial hatching success rate of aythya baieviana eggs

Abstract

The application discloses a method and device for improving the artificial hatching success rate of Aythya baievskii eggs. The method comprises the steps of adding an egg inspection and weighing step during the hatching of the Aythya baievskii eggs. The egg inspection step is to obtain an embryo atlas in the egg inspection mode. The weighing step is to weigh the Aythya baievskii eggs for at least two consecutive days, and to calculate the actual weight loss rate. Then, the obtained embryo atlas and actual weight loss rate are compared with a pre-constructed embryo development sequence atlas database and a theoretical weight loss rate database during the hatching of the Aythya baievskii eggs. An evaluation conclusion and a control suggestion are generated according to a preset logic matrix, so as to timely find the hatching development condition of the Aythya baievskii eggs, and to timely adjust according to the control suggestion, and finally to improve the hatching success rate. The application is based on the specific embryo development atlas and weight loss model of the Aythya baievskii, realizes the precise development control of the hatching process of the Aythya baievskii eggs, and stably improves the fertilized egg hatching rate to more than 80%, so that the technical threshold is reduced, and the practicability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Baer's Pochard hatching technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for improving the success rate of artificial hatching of Baer's Pochard eggs. Background Technology

[0002] The Baer's Pochard (Aythya baeri) belongs to the genus Aythya in the family Anatidae of the order Anseriformes. It is a Class I protected wild animal in my country and is also listed as Critically Endangered (CR) on the IUCN Red List, with fewer than 700 mature individuals remaining globally in 2019. In 2022, the Beijing Zoo established my country's first artificial breeding population of Baer's Pochards, which now exceeds 100 individuals. Improving its reproductive success rate is crucial to preventing the species' extinction. Currently, effective artificial incubation techniques are urgently needed in two scenarios: firstly, the emergency rescue of abandoned eggs in the wild (caused by parent birds abandoning their nests due to flooding, human interference, predators, etc.); and secondly, the rejuvenation and expansion of populations in zoos, wetland reserves, and artificial breeding bases to improve the hatching rate of Baer's Pochards.

[0003] While existing general incubation technologies have established standardized incubation procedures, including fixed temperature and humidity curves, egg-turning procedures, egg-drying times, and reference ranges for weight loss, these procedures are primarily based on experience with closely related species and do not consider the specific needs of endangered species. For example, current artificial incubation techniques result in a hatching rate for Baer's Pochards that is no higher than 60%. Moreover, the effectiveness of current incubation work heavily relies on the personal experience and intuition of technicians, lacking scientifically quantified and standardized operational guidance. This dependence is particularly evident when handling rescued eggs of precious species such as Baer's Pochards. For instance, egg candling assessment relies entirely on the operator's visual observation and experience, lacking a standardized embryonic development atlas specifically for Baer's Pochards as a "gold standard." This leads to an inability to accurately determine whether embryos are developing normally at different ages, making it difficult to detect developmental delays or arrests early, missing intervention opportunities, and resulting in inconsistent judgment standards among different operators and poor reproducibility of results.

[0004] Furthermore, while modern incubators possess functions such as automatic temperature and humidity control, egg turning, and environmental data recording, their control logic is based on general principles and lacks built-in biological data or models specific to particular species (such as the Baer's Pochard). Their monitoring functions are typically limited to environmental parameters (such as temperature and humidity within the incubator) and cannot provide automated, integrated assessments of the egg's physiological state (such as embryonic development and weight loss). For example, the shell structure, embryonic metabolic rate, and gas exchange efficiency of the Baer's Pochard differ significantly from those of domestic poultry. Simply applying temperature and humidity curves and weight loss standards (such as 10%-15% throughout the process) to poultry cannot meet their optimal developmental needs, which is often a major cause of abnormal embryonic development, stillbirths, and weak chicks.

[0005] Furthermore, current technologies only provide a broad range for final weightlessness, lacking a detailed weightlessness trajectory model down to the day for the entire incubation cycle. Overall, moisture management is rudimentary, and weightlessness control is delayed. Humidity control is a "post-hoc remedy," and by the time a deviation from weightlessness is detected, the embryo may already be damaged. The inability to achieve proactive and precise moisture management leads to large fluctuations in hatching and chick survival rates.

[0006] When eggs are air-dried inside an incubator, the temperature drops slowly after the heating is turned off and the door is opened, resulting in weak and uneven stimulation of the embryos (especially those in the corners). This also severely disrupts the stable incubation environment inside the incubator, leading to a long recovery period and affecting all embryos. When eggs are air-dried in a normal air environment, the temperature and humidity are uncontrollable, making the embryos highly susceptible to heat or cold stress due to excessive cold, excessive heat, excessive dryness, or drafts, causing irreversible damage.

[0007] Furthermore, weighing, candling, and environmental control are several separate operational steps, with data recorded on paper or in various spreadsheets, making real-time, interconnected, and comprehensive analysis difficult. Decision-making relies on technicians' mental integration of fragmented information. The fragmented nature of hatching data leads to inefficient and error-prone decision-making processes, and the inability to establish efficient standardized procedures results in successful hatching being highly dependent on a few experienced experts. The aforementioned complex monitoring and control processes require extensive human collaboration, making them difficult to replicate and promote at the grassroots level in zoos, nature reserves, and other similar institutions, thus hindering the overall efficiency of Baer's Pochard population conservation.

[0008] Therefore, the existing incubation methods mentioned above lack specific biological data for the Baer's Pochard and cannot meet the special incubation needs of this endangered species. This application addresses this issue by creating a method and apparatus to improve the success rate of artificial incubation of Baer's Pochard eggs. Based on Baer's Pochard embryonic development atlas and weightlessness models, it can promptly identify problems during the incubation process and provide intelligent control suggestions, significantly improving the hatching rate and reproductive success rate of Baer's Pochards. This is a target that the industry urgently needs to improve. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a method to improve the success rate of artificial incubation of Baer's Pochard eggs. Based on the Baer's Pochard embryonic development atlas and weightlessness model, this method can promptly identify problems in the incubation process and provide intelligent control suggestions, thereby greatly improving the hatching rate and reproductive success rate of Baer's Pochards and overcoming the shortcomings of existing artificial incubation methods for Baer's Pochard eggs.

[0010] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for improving the success rate of artificial hatching of Baer's Pochard eggs. The method involves adding egg inspection and weighing steps during the hatching period. The egg inspection step involves obtaining an embryo map using candling. The weighing step involves weighing the Baer's Pochard eggs for at least two consecutive days and calculating the actual weight loss rate. The obtained embryo map and actual weight loss rate are then compared with a pre-constructed database of embryonic development sequence maps and theoretical weight loss rates during the hatching period of Baer's Pochard chicks. An evaluation conclusion and control recommendations are generated according to a preset logic matrix. This allows for timely detection of the hatching and development status of the Baer's Pochard eggs, and timely adjustments are made based on the control recommendations, ultimately improving the hatching success rate.

[0011] Further improvements were made to the database of embryonic development sequence maps of Baer's Pochard chicks during incubation, which was obtained by photographing the embryos of Baer's Pochard eggs from 0 to 26 days after incubation using the egg-candling method.

[0012] The theoretical weight loss rate database for Baer's Pochard chicks during incubation was calculated using a regression model of Baer's Pochard egg weight and incubation days.

[0013] Further improvements were made, and the regression model for Baer's Pochard egg weight and incubation days was obtained from the egg weight loss curves of successfully hatched Baer's Pochard chicks during the incubation period over the years. The regression model for Baer's Pochard egg weight and incubation days is as follows:

[0014] y=-0.2527x+43.68 (R²=0.9992)

[0015] Where x is the number of incubation days and y is the egg weight.

[0016] Further improvements include the following preset logic matrices:

[0017] (a) Normal state

[0018] Developmental comparison: The embryonic developmental characteristics matched the corresponding incubation day standard atlas in the database with a similarity of ≥90%;

[0019] Weightlessness analysis: The deviation between the actual weightlessness rate and the theoretical weightlessness rate is within ±1.5%;

[0020] Assessment conclusion: Embryonic development and weight loss status are normal;

[0021] Recommendation: No adjustment is needed; continue incubation using the current parameters.

[0022] (ii) Minor abnormalities, observation is recommended.

[0023] Judgment criteria: Either condition A or condition B must be met;

[0024] Condition A: The embryonic development characteristics match the corresponding incubation day standard chart in the database by 85%-90%, but the weight loss is normal;

[0025] Condition B: The deviation between the actual weight loss rate and the theoretical weight loss rate is between ±1.5% and ±3.0%, but development is normal;

[0026] Assessment conclusion: The embryo's development is slightly delayed or the weight loss rate is slightly off.

[0027] Recommendations: Do not adjust incubation parameters for the time being. It is recommended to strengthen observation and pay close attention to the development trend during the evaluation cycle.

[0028] (iii) Proactive intervention is required

[0029] (i) Rapid weightlessness

[0030] Judgment criteria: The actual weight loss rate is greater than the theoretical weight loss rate, and the deviation is >3.0%, and the embryonic development status is normal or delayed;

[0031] Assessment conclusion: The eggs are losing weight too quickly, posing a risk of dehydration;

[0032] Control recommendations: Immediately increase the humidity of the incubation environment. Before the next egg drying, consider spraying the eggs with warm water for 1-2 seconds or transferring them to a high humidity gradient incubator for incubation.

[0033] (ii) Weightlessness is too slow

[0034] Judgment criteria: The actual weight loss rate is less than the theoretical weight loss rate, and the deviation is <3.0%, and the embryonic development status is normal or delayed;

[0035] Assessment conclusion: Insufficient egg weight loss can lead to limited space for embryonic development or later-stage asphyxia;

[0036] Control recommendations: Appropriately reduce the humidity of the incubation environment to accelerate moisture evaporation, and consider increasing the frequency of egg airing to twice a day to improve gas exchange;

[0037] (iii) Developmental delay accompanied by abnormal weight loss

[0038] Judgment criteria: The embryonic development characteristics match the corresponding incubation day standard atlas in the database by less than 85%, and are accompanied by weight loss abnormalities of type (i) or (ii) above;

[0039] Assessment conclusion: The embryo is developing slowly and is accompanied by abnormal weight loss, indicating an unsuitable incubation environment;

[0040] Control recommendations: Adjust humidity according to the control recommendations in (i) or (ii) above. At the same time, strictly check and ensure that the incubation temperature is stable at 37.5±0.1℃.

[0041] (iv) Serious anomaly / high-risk alert

[0042] Judgment criteria: It is sufficient to satisfy any one of the conditions C, D, and E;

[0043] Condition C (Developmental Arrest / Death): In two consecutive assessments, the embryonic development images show no progress or show obvious signs of death such as blood rings or shell adhesion;

[0044] Condition D (Severe Uncontrolled Weight Loss): The deviation between the actual weight loss rate and the theoretical weight loss rate is >5%, and development is severely delayed;

[0045] Condition E (Complex Severe Problem): Severe developmental delay accompanied by severe weight loss abnormalities;

[0046] Assessment conclusion: High risk of embryonic developmental arrest or severe disruption of the hatching environment;

[0047] Recommendations: Issue a high-risk alert and immediately perform artificial oocyte testing to confirm embryo viability; if viability is confirmed, implement an emergency intervention plan: thoroughly check the accuracy of the temperature and humidity sensors, adjust the humidity to the theoretical median value, and prepare a contingency plan for artificial delivery; and isolate and manage the oocyte separately.

[0048] Further improvements also include steps for developing an artificial incubation program for abandoned wild nest eggs, specifically:

[0049] (1) Obtain wild abandoned eggs of Baer's Pochard, weigh them and examine them by candling, obtain embryo map at the time of examination, compare the embryo map with the constructed embryo development sequence map database, and preliminarily determine the incubation days of the wild abandoned eggs of Baer's Pochard.

[0050] (2) Based on the preliminary judgment results, determine the initial incubation parameters and artificially incubate the abandoned wild Baer's Pochard eggs according to the initial incubation parameters;

[0051] (3) After artificial incubation, the eggs are examined and weighed during the daily drying period, and the actual weight loss rate is calculated;

[0052] (4) Based on the egg test map and the actual weight loss rate, compare the corresponding incubation day data with the constructed embryo development sequence map database and theoretical weight loss rate database to further determine whether the incubation parameters are appropriate. If they are not appropriate, adjust them in time and finally formulate an incubation plan for wild abandoned eggs.

[0053] As a further improvement of the present invention, the present invention also provides an egg inspection and drying device for improving the success rate of artificial incubation of Baer's Pochard eggs. The device includes a main body and a weighing mechanism, an egg inspection mechanism, and an egg drying mechanism disposed within its first cavity.

[0054] The weighing mechanism includes a weighing sensor and an egg tray disposed on its upper part. The egg tray is used to place the Baer's Pochard eggs to be tested, and the weighing sensor is used to collect the weight of the Baer's Pochard eggs.

[0055] The egg inspection mechanism includes an egg inspection shell, a candling lamp, and a high-definition camera mechanism. The egg inspection shell covers the egg tray, and its front side is provided with a pick-up and drop-off port for picking up and dropping Baer's Pochard eggs. The candling lamp is located on the top of the egg inspection shell directly above the egg tray. The camera of the high-definition camera mechanism is fixed on the inner side wall of the egg inspection shell and is used to take embryo images when the candling lamp illuminates the Baer's Pochard eggs.

[0056] The egg drying mechanism includes an egg drying rack, which consists of several egg drying compartments, each of which is used to place one Baer's Pochard egg.

[0057] In a further improvement, the egg-candling lamp comprises three lamps, respectively positioned on the top and side walls inside the egg-candling shell, for illuminating the Baer's Pochard eggs on the egg tray from the top and sides, and the inner wall of the egg-candling shell is lined with a black light-absorbing material; and / or,

[0058] The egg drying mechanism also includes an egg drying support set at the lower part of the egg drying rack, and the egg drying support is provided with a slide for the egg drying rack to slide horizontally.

[0059] In a further improvement, the main body of the box also includes an environmental control mechanism, which includes a turbine fan, a PTC ceramic heating element, and a temperature sensor. The turbine fan and the PTC ceramic heating element are disposed in the lower part of the second cavity of the main body of the box. The turbine fan is located in front of the PTC ceramic heating element, and an air outlet duct is provided on the rear side of the PTC ceramic heating element, leading into the space above the first cavity. A return air grille is provided on the lower part of the side wall of the second cavity corresponding to the air inlet side of the turbine fan. An air inlet grille is provided on the side wall of the main body opposite to the return air grille. Thus, the turbine fan and the PTC ceramic heating element are used to regulate the egg drying temperature inside the first cavity. The temperature sensor is disposed inside the first cavity to detect the internal temperature of the first cavity.

[0060] In a further improvement, the main body of the box also includes a main control mechanism and a human-machine interaction mechanism connected thereto. The main control mechanism is located in the third cavity of the main body of the box. The third cavity is independently set from the first cavity and the second cavity. The human-machine interaction mechanism is set on the side wall of the main body of the box corresponding to the third cavity. The main control mechanism is used to receive and analyze the data collected by the weighing sensor and the high-definition camera mechanism, and to display the analysis and judgment results through the human-machine interaction mechanism. It is also connected to the environmental control mechanism to realize the internal temperature control of the first cavity.

[0061] In a further improvement, the main control mechanism includes a data acquisition module, a data storage module, a data analysis module, and a result generation module. The data acquisition module receives and stores data collected by the weighing sensor and the high-definition camera, and transmits it to the data analysis module. The data storage module stores an embryonic development sequence map database and a theoretical weight loss rate database during the incubation period of Baer's Pochard chicks. The data analysis module compares and analyzes the data transmitted by the data acquisition module with the embryonic development sequence map database and the theoretical weight loss rate database in the data storage module. The result generation module generates evaluation conclusions and control suggestions according to a preset logic matrix based on the comparative analysis results of the data analysis module, and displays them through the human-computer interaction mechanism.

[0062] With this design, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0063] 1. Hatching rate and chick survival rate significantly improved:

[0064] By applying the specific embryonic development atlas and weightlessness model of the Baer's Pochard, this invention achieves precise developmental regulation of the Baer's Pochard egg hatching process, ensuring embryonic health, resulting in more vigorous ducklings and a significantly improved survival rate. This fundamentally solves the problems of developmental abnormalities and mortality caused by parameter mismatch. This method changes the fuzzy decision-making model that relies on visual observation and personal experience. Through the synchronous collection and fusion analysis of weightlessness and developmental data, scientific quantitative indicators and regulatory suggestions are generated, making every decision based on evidence, and ensuring traceability and repeatability of results. It can stably increase the hatching rate of fertilized eggs to over 80%, demonstrating outstanding technical effectiveness.

[0065] 2. Breakthrough in rescue incubation capabilities:

[0066] By developing an initial artificial incubation program and implementing full-process monitoring for abandoned eggs rescued in the wild, we can address complex situations with uncertain developmental status, greatly improving the success rate of rescuing these precious germplasm resources and playing a crucial role in the protection of endangered species.

[0067] 3. The device is "skill-free," greatly reducing the technical threshold:

[0068] The intelligent egg inspection and drying device simplifies the complex process of "weighing-candling-recording-analysis-decision-making" into a standardized "place-read-execute" operation, which is efficient and safe. Even inexperienced technicians can perform high-level incubation management, solving the core pain point of a shortage of professional personnel in grassroots units.

[0069] 4. Achieve human-machine division of labor, significantly saving manpower:

[0070] Automated data collection, recording, and analysis free technicians from tedious and repetitive work, allowing one person to easily complete tasks that previously required multiple people to collaborate, significantly improving work efficiency and reducing labor costs.

[0071] 5. To ensure the safety of the embryo to the greatest extent possible:

[0072] By incorporating environmental control mechanisms within the egg inspection and airing devices, a constant and optimal airing environment (25-28°C) is provided for the eggs. This realistically simulates the environmental changes experienced by eggs when experienced parent birds leave the nest, providing uniform and effective cold stimulation and ventilation for the embryos. This is especially beneficial for corner or vulnerable embryos, promoting their healthy development. It completely avoids the risks of heat and cold stress caused by environmental fluctuations in traditional air-drying of eggs, and also avoids the interference with the core incubation environment caused by traditional air-drying through the main incubator, providing a more stable developmental environment for all embryos.

[0073] 6. Practicality and scalability:

[0074] The described egg inspection and airing device can be used as a standalone unit in conjunction with any existing incubator, eliminating the need to discard old equipment and minimizing modification costs and deployment barriers. Its standardized process and low technical requirements make it easily replicable and widely adopted in various breeding facilities such as zoos, wetland reserves, and rescue centers, effectively improving breeding efficiency and quality.

[0075] 7. The industry's value is becoming increasingly apparent, driving industry development:

[0076] This invention establishes a quantitative technical standard for the artificial incubation of Baer's Pochard for the first time, and is expected to become an industry technical standard for the artificial breeding of this species. Attached Figure Description

[0077] The above is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0078] Figure 1 This is the image from day 0 to 9 in the embryonic development sequence atlas database of Baer's Pochard chicks during incubation constructed in this invention.

[0079] Figure 2 This is the image from day 10-18 in the embryonic development sequence atlas database of Baer's Pochard chicks constructed in this invention.

[0080] Figure 3 This is the image from day 19-26 in the embryonic development sequence atlas database of Baer's Pochard chicks during incubation constructed in this invention.

[0081] Figure 4This is a regression model diagram of the weight of Baer's Pochard eggs and incubation days constructed in this invention.

[0082] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the steps in the method for improving the success rate of artificial hatching of Baer's Pochard eggs in this invention.

[0083] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps involved in developing an artificial incubation plan for abandoned eggs in the wild, as part of the method for improving the success rate of artificial incubation of Baer's Pochard eggs in this invention.

[0084] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the egg inspection and drying device for improving the success rate of artificial incubation of Baer's Pochard eggs in this invention.

[0085] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the structure of the egg inspection and drying device for improving the success rate of artificial incubation of Baer's Pochard eggs in this invention.

[0086] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the main control mechanism in the egg inspection and drying device for improving the success rate of artificial incubation of Baer's Pochard eggs in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0087] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that a more thorough understanding of the invention will be achieved and that the full scope of the invention will be conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0088] I. Construction of a Hatching Database Unique to the Baer's Pochard

[0089] Between 2019 and 2025, Beijing Zoo conducted research on the artificial incubation technology of the rare and endangered Baer's Pochard. They constructed an embryonic development atlas of Baer's Pochard eggs during incubation and established an artificial incubation technology system for this species, including standard procedures for preservation and transportation, incubation temperature and humidity, egg turning, egg drying, and egg examination, as well as key parameters such as egg weight loss.

[0090] Among these achievements, by candling and photographing the normal embryonic development of Baer's Pochard chicks from 0 to 26 days of age, a novel embryonic development sequence map database of Baer's Pochard chicks during incubation was constructed for the first time, as shown in the attached figure. Figures 1 to 3 As shown. (and attached) Figures 1 to 3 Based on the daily oocyte detection charts, the embryonic development characteristics of this Baer's Pochard (0-26 days) are described as follows:

[0091] On day 0 of incubation, when examining the eggs with a strong flashlight, it can be seen that the eggs have high transparency and the color of the entire egg is bright and uniform.

[0092] On day 1 of incubation, when examining the eggs, the eggs were highly permeable and the color of the entire egg was still relatively bright. Compared with day 0, the shadow of the yolk could be faintly seen.

[0093] On the second day of incubation, when examining the eggs, the permeability of the eggs was still relatively high, with no obvious changes visible to the naked eye compared to the first day.

[0094] On the third day of incubation, the blastodisc projection is clearly visible. The blastodisc projection lies on the surface of the yolk and moves with the egg, but remains fixed on the yolk surface. The blastodisc projection is red. The yolk projection is clear. Fine blood vessels are faintly visible, and the embryo has not yet formed a distinct spiderweb pattern.

[0095] On day 4 of incubation, there are significant changes compared to day 3. During egg examination, a spiderweb-like embryo can be observed, with clearly visible blood vessels. A heartbeat can be seen upon close observation. The embryo occupies 2 / 3 of the yolk projection. At this stage, the yolk projection is clear, and the spiderweb-like embryo moves with the yolk. The boundary between the yolk and albumen is distinct.

[0096] On day 5 of incubation, the projection of the yolk is close to the acute end of the egg. The embryo is developing rapidly, and the spiderweb-like blood vessels almost completely cover the surface of the yolk projection. The blood vessels are fine yet noticeably thickened, with obvious branching. The embryo's heartbeat is still visible.

[0097] On day 6 of incubation, the projection of the yolk is approaching the acute end of the egg. At this stage, the arachnoid embryo begins to diffuse and develop, becoming richly vascularized, forming a dense network of blood vessels. The fetus appears slightly shiny around its periphery, and its movement can be observed when the egg is moved. When the egg is still, subtle fetal movements can be observed. The embryonic vascular network has not yet reached the dorsal side. From the side, the edge of the vascular network can be seen reaching approximately halfway down the egg.

[0098] On the 7th day of incubation, the yolk projection almost reaches the edge of the egg's acute end, and the vascular network almost completely covers the surface of the yolk projection. From the side of the egg, the vascular network can be observed to have reached half the length of the egg.

[0099] On the 8th day of incubation, the fetus can be seen floating and sinking in the amniotic fluid. A black eye spot is visible. On this day, the vascular region can be seen crossing the midline of the egg. On the dorsal side, the upper part of the vascular region appears to converge, developing faster than the lower part, which is a key characteristic of this day. The projection of the vascular network appears faint but is very clear. The vascular regions near the air cell are growing towards each other. The lower end is bright.

[0100] On the 9th day of incubation, the vascular network under the dorsal air cell can be observed to be closer together than yesterday, and the color of the vascular network is darker and clearer, and the blood vessels are also thicker. The frontal embryo is still sometimes sinking and sometimes floating.

[0101] On day 10 of incubation, the vascular network on the dorsal side of the egg near the air cell was still not completely closed. Today, observations of the vascular network from the dorsal and lateral sides showed a similar situation to day 9 of incubation. However, when examining the egg from the front, increased vertical movement of the embryo was observed, indicating greater embryonic activity.

[0102] On day 11 of incubation, the vascular network on the dorsal side near the ovum has closed (allantoic closure). During egg examination, the yolk shrunk noticeably and is located in the center of the egg. The yellowish shadow represents the yolk sac.

[0103] On day 12 of incubation, the blood vessels on the dorsal side of the egg darkened in color and became noticeably thicker. The vascular projections seen during egg examination were clearer. The yolk projections on both sides of the egg also darkened. The air cells could also be observed to have enlarged. Fetal movement could be observed; the movements were no longer "weak" and were more forceful, although the frequency seemed to have decreased.

[0104] On the 13th day of incubation, when viewed from the dorsal side of the egg, the shadow of the yolk can be seen converging towards the center from near the air cell and sharp end. The blood vessels on the dorsal side are thick and brightly colored. From the front of the egg, the projection of the fetus can be seen, and strong fetal movements can be observed.

[0105] On day 14 of incubation, the projections of the fetus and yolk can be seen in the center of the egg, with strong permeability at the top and bottom. The fetus's projection appears black, likely representing feathers. Fetal movements are strong.

[0106] On the 15th day of incubation, the shadow of the fetus inside the egg was larger than yesterday, occupying about half of this side.

[0107] On the 16th day of incubation, the dark shadow inside the egg almost reached the sharp end. Clear blood vessels could still be seen on the side near the air cell.

[0108] On day 17 of incubation, the shadow inside the egg completely covers the sharp end, and the shadow at the air cell end has also expanded, but blood vessels can still be seen at the air cell end. Obvious fetal movements are still visible, but due to the increased size of the fetus, the displacement caused by these movements has decreased.

[0109] On the 18th day of incubation, when examining the eggs, the air cell can be seen to be enlarged, with the sharp end completely black. About 1 cm of the part of the air cell that can be illuminated shows blood vessels, with one side being bright red and the other side slightly darker.

[0110] On day 19 of incubation, during egg examination, rotating the egg once reveals that the shadow of the fetus on one side almost reaches the lower edge of the air cell, while the other side has more space. Obvious and active fetal movements can be observed.

[0111] On day 20 of incubation, compared to day 19, the blood vessels appear to be darker and thicker.

[0112] On the 21st day of incubation, the air cells enlarged and became more sloping at the edges. The fetus almost touched the lower edge of the air cells during fetal movements, but did not break through the boundaries of the air cells.

[0113] On the 22nd day of incubation, when the fetus moved, it had already reached the boundary of the air chamber, but had not yet broken through.

[0114] On the 23rd day of incubation, the air cells tilted more. A few dark blood vessels were still visible.

[0115] On the 24th day of incubation, the air cell tilted more, and dark red blood vessels were almost invisible when examining the egg.

[0116] On the 25th day of incubation, the fetus has entered the air chamber and started breathing with lungs. If you put the egg close to your ear, you can hear the chirping of the chicks and the fetus gently pecking at the shell with its beak.

[0117] On the 26th day of incubation, the chick pecks at the end of the air cell and has already broken through the shell. It will continue to peck at the shell until it hatches.

[0118] Furthermore, through a study of the egg weight loss curves of successfully hatched Baer's Pochard chicks during the incubation period over the years, a regression model for Baer's Pochard egg weight and incubation days was successfully derived: y = -0.2527x + 43.68 (R² = 0.9992), where x is the incubation days and y is the egg weight. (See attached image) Figure 4 As shown in the figure. A regression model of Baer's Pochard egg weight and incubation days was used to derive a database of theoretical weight loss rates for Baer's Pochard chicks during incubation.

[0119] II. Based on the embryonic development atlas and weightlessness model of Baer's Pochard, a reasonable logical matrix classification system is pre-designed.

[0120] Based on research findings over the years, by combining qualitative data from embryonic development images with quantitative data on weight loss rates, a graded, operable, and reasonable logical matrix classification system has been formed, ranging from "normal monitoring" to "high-risk alert." This allows the method to go beyond simple data display and truly achieve expert-level diagnosis and intelligent control. Its core classification criteria are as follows:

[0121] 1. Normal state

[0122] Developmental comparison: The embryonic developmental characteristics match the standard atlas of the current incubation days by ≥90%.

[0123] Weightlessness analysis: The deviation between the actual weightlessness rate and the theoretical weightlessness rate is within ±1.5%.

[0124] Assessment conclusion: "Embryonic development and weight loss status are normal."

[0125] Regulation recommendation: "No adjustment is needed; continue incubation according to the current parameters."

[0126] 2. Minor abnormalities, observation is recommended.

[0127] Judgment conditions (any one of them must be met):

[0128] Condition A (mild developmental delay): Developmental compatibility is between 85% and 90%, but weight loss is normal.

[0129] Condition B (Slight Deviation in Weight Loss): The deviation in weight loss rate is between ±1.5% and ±3.0%, but development is normal.

[0130] Assessment conclusion: "Slightly delayed embryonic development" or "Slight deviation of weight loss rate from theoretical value".

[0131] Recommendation: "It is recommended to strengthen observation and focus on the development trend in the next evaluation cycle. Incubation parameters may remain unchanged for the time being."

[0132] 3. Proactive intervention is required.

[0133] Judgment criteria and recommendations:

[0134] (1) Rapid weightlessness

[0135] Judgment criteria: The actual weight loss rate is greater than the theoretical weight loss rate, and the deviation is >3.0%, and the embryonic development status is normal or delayed;

[0136] Assessment conclusion: "The eggs are losing weight too quickly, posing a risk of dehydration."

[0137] Control recommendations: "Immediately increase the humidity of the incubation environment (e.g., increase by 3%-5% RH). Before the next egg drying, consider briefly spraying the eggs with warm water (1-2 seconds) or transferring them to a high humidity gradient incubator for incubation."

[0138] (2) Weightlessness is too slow

[0139] Judgment criteria: The actual weight loss rate is less than the theoretical weight loss rate, and the deviation is <3.0%, and the embryonic development status is normal or delayed;

[0140] Assessment conclusion: "Insufficient egg weight loss may lead to limited space for embryonic development or later asphyxia."

[0141] Recommendations for control: "Appropriately reduce the humidity of the incubation environment (it is recommended to reduce it by 2%-4% RH) to accelerate moisture evaporation, and at the same time consider increasing the frequency of airing the eggs to twice a day to improve gas exchange."

[0142] (3) Developmental delay accompanied by abnormal weight loss

[0143] Judgment criteria: Developmental compatibility <85%, and accompanied by any of the above-mentioned types of weight loss abnormalities.

[0144] Assessment conclusion: "The embryo is developing slowly and is accompanied by abnormal weight loss, indicating that the incubation environment may be unsuitable."

[0145] Control recommendations: "First, adjust the humidity according to the above (1) or (2) type recommendations. At the same time, strictly check and ensure that the incubation temperature is stable at the core temperature of 37.5°C±0.1°C."

[0146] 4. Severe anomaly / high-risk alert

[0147] Judgment criteria (any one of the following conditions must be met):

[0148] Condition C (Developmental Arrest / Death): In two consecutive assessments, the embryonic development images show no progress or show obvious signs of death such as blood rings or shell adhesion.

[0149] Condition D (Severe Uncontrolled Weight Loss): Absolute deviation of weight loss rate > 5%, and severe developmental delay.

[0150] Condition E (Complex Severe Problem): Severe developmental delay (match <80%) accompanied by severe weight loss abnormalities.

[0151] Assessment conclusion: "High risk of embryonic developmental arrest" or "Severely disrupted incubation environment".

[0152] Control recommendations: "Issue a high-risk alert! It is recommended to immediately perform artificial oocyte testing to confirm embryo viability. If viability is confirmed, an emergency intervention plan must be implemented: thoroughly check the accuracy of the temperature and humidity sensors, adjust the humidity to the theoretical median value, and prepare a possible artificial delivery plan. The oocyte must be isolated and managed separately."

[0153] III. Methods to Improve the Success Rate of Artificial Hatching of Baer's Pochard Eggs

[0154] See attached document Figure 5 As shown, the method involves adding egg inspection and weighing steps during the incubation period of Baer's Pochard eggs. The egg inspection step involves obtaining an embryo map using candling, and the weighing step involves weighing the Baer's Pochard eggs for at least two consecutive days and calculating the actual weight loss rate. The obtained embryo map and actual weight loss rate are then compared with a pre-constructed database of embryonic development sequence maps and theoretical weight loss rates during the incubation period of Baer's Pochard chicks. An evaluation conclusion and control recommendations are generated according to the aforementioned preset logic matrix. This is used to promptly detect the incubation and development status of the Baer's Pochard eggs and make timely adjustments based on the control recommendations, ultimately improving the hatching success rate. A specific example is provided in Example 1 below.

[0155] IV. Methods for developing artificial incubation programs for abandoned wild nest eggs

[0156] See attached document Figure 6As shown, the method is as follows: Wild abandoned Baer's Pochard eggs are obtained, weighed, and examined by candling to obtain embryonic maps at the time of examination. These maps are compared with a constructed embryonic development sequence map database to preliminarily determine the incubation period for the wild abandoned Baer's Pochard eggs. Based on the preliminary determination, initial incubation parameters are determined, and the wild abandoned Baer's Pochard eggs are artificially incubated according to these parameters. After artificial incubation, eggs are examined and weighed daily during the daily airing period, and the actual weight loss rate is calculated. The egg examination maps and actual weight loss rate are then compared with the corresponding incubation period data in the constructed embryonic development sequence map database and the theoretical weight loss rate database to further determine whether the incubation parameters are suitable. If unsuitable, adjustments are made promptly, and a final incubation plan for the wild abandoned eggs is formulated. A specific example is provided in Example 2 below.

[0157] V. Egg inspection and airing devices to improve the success rate of artificial incubation of Baer's Pochard eggs.

[0158] See attached document Figure 7 and 8 As shown, the egg inspection and drying device includes a box body 1 and a weighing mechanism, an egg inspection mechanism and an egg drying mechanism disposed in its first cavity 11.

[0159] The weighing mechanism includes a weighing sensor 12 and an egg tray 13 disposed on top of it. The egg tray 13 is used to place the Baer's Pochard eggs to be tested. The weighing sensor 12 is a high-precision weight sensor used to accurately collect the weight of the Baer's Pochard eggs.

[0160] The egg-testing mechanism includes an egg-testing shell 14, an egg-candling lamp 15, and a high-definition camera mechanism 16. The egg-testing shell 14 covers the egg tray 13, and its front side has a retrieval opening for placing and removing Baer's Pochard eggs. The egg-candling lamp 15 is located on top of the egg-testing shell directly above the egg tray 13. The camera of the high-definition camera mechanism 16 is fixed to the rear inner wall of the egg-testing shell 14 and is used to capture embryo images when the egg-candling lamp 15 illuminates the Baer's Pochard eggs. Preferably, three egg-candling lamps 15 are respectively located on the top and side walls inside the egg-testing shell 14, used to illuminate the Baer's Pochard eggs on the egg tray 13 from the top and sides. The inner wall of the egg-testing shell 14 is lined with a black light-absorbing material to reduce the internal temperature of the egg-testing shell and to capture clearer images. The egg-candling lamp 15 uses LED beads that emit light but do not generate heat, minimizing the impact on the eggs. The high-definition camera mechanism 16 uses a self-focusing camera that can automatically and clearly capture images of the egg embryos.

[0161] The egg-drying mechanism includes an egg-drying rack 17, which is composed of several egg-drying compartments 171, each of which is used to place one Baer's Pochard egg. Based on the average minor diameter of a Baer's Pochard egg being 38.42 ± 1.12 mm, the diameter of each egg compartment is designed to be 4.5-5.0 cm. For 50 egg compartments (5 × 10), the dimensions of the egg-drying rack 17 are (22.5-25) cm × (45-50) cm. Preferably, the egg-drying mechanism further includes an egg-drying support 18 located at the lower part of the egg-drying rack 17, and the egg-drying support 18 is provided with a slide rail 181 for horizontal sliding of the egg-drying rack 17, facilitating the overall movement of the egg-drying rack and convenient egg placement and retrieval. Of course, the horizontal sliding of the egg-drying rack relative to the egg-drying support can be achieved using any existing sliding mechanism, and this invention is not limited thereto.

[0162] More preferably, the main body 1 of the enclosure also includes an environmental control mechanism. The environmental control mechanism includes a turbine fan 21 and a PTC ceramic heating element 22. The turbine fan 21 and the PTC ceramic heating element 22 are disposed in the lower part of the second cavity 19 of the main body 1. The turbine fan 21 is located in front of the PTC ceramic heating element 22, and an air outlet duct 23 is provided in the rear side of the PTC ceramic heating element 22 to enter the space above the first cavity, for inputting the air whose temperature is regulated by the PTC ceramic heating element 22 into the first cavity 11. A return air grille 24 is provided on the lower part of the side wall of the second cavity 19 corresponding to the air inlet side of the turbine fan 21. An air inlet grille 25 is provided on the side wall of the main body 1 opposite to the return air grille 24. The air inlet grille 25, the lower part of the first cavity 11, the return air grille 24, the turbine fan 21, the PTC ceramic heating element 22, the air outlet duct 23, and the upper part of the first cavity 11 form a circulation channel. The turbine fan 21 and the PTC ceramic heating element 22 can regulate the internal temperature of the first cavity 11 and provide a suitable egg drying environment for the first cavity 11.

[0163] Preferably, the first cavity 11 is further provided with at least one temperature sensor for detecting the internal temperature of the first cavity 11 and adjusting the wind speed of the turbine fan 21 or the temperature of the PTC ceramic heating element 22 in real time.

[0164] The main body 1 of the container also includes a main control mechanism 31 and a human-machine interface mechanism 41 connected thereto. The main control mechanism 31 is located in the third cavity 30 of the main body 1, which is independently set from the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 19. The human-machine interface mechanism 41 is set on the front side wall of the main body 1 corresponding to the third cavity 30, and is used to display evaluation results and adjustment strategies, as well as receive setting parameter values. The main control mechanism 31 is used to receive and analyze the data collected by the weighing sensor 12 and the high-definition camera mechanism 16, and displays the analysis and judgment results through the human-machine interface mechanism 41. The main control mechanism 31 is also connected to the turbine fan 21, PTC ceramic heating element 22 and temperature sensor of the environmental control mechanism to regulate the internal temperature of the first cavity 11, ensuring that the egg drying temperature is maintained at 25-28℃ and to achieve circulating air.

[0165] See attached document Figure 9 As shown, the main control mechanism 31 further includes a data acquisition module 311, a data storage module 312, a data analysis module 313, and a result generation module 314. The data acquisition module 311 receives and stores the data collected by the weighing sensor 12 and the high-definition camera mechanism 16, and transmits it to the data analysis module 313. The data storage module 312 stores an embryonic development sequence map database and a theoretical weight loss rate database during the incubation period of Baer's Pochard chicks. The data analysis module 313 compares and analyzes the data transmitted by the data acquisition module 311 with the embryonic development sequence map database and the theoretical weight loss rate database in the data storage module 312. The result generation module 314 generates evaluation conclusions and control suggestions according to a preset logic matrix based on the comparison analysis results of the data analysis module 313, and displays them through the human-computer interaction mechanism 41.

[0166] VI. Example 1

[0167] A zoo is conducting an artificial breeding project for Baer's Pochards and has a batch of high-quality eggs with known exact egg-laying dates. The goal is to achieve refined and data-driven management to improve the overall hatching rate and chick survival rate.

[0168] 1. Standardized incubation:

[0169] After weighing and photographing all the eggs, they were placed in an incubator one by one for incubation, numbered, and aired out at a fixed time each day.

[0170] 2. Intelligent egg drying assessment:

[0171] Routinely, the egg drying process begins at 10:00 AM daily. The operator clicks the "Start / Power On" button on the egg inspection and drying device, triggering the main control unit to activate the environmental control mechanism and adjust the internal temperature to 27°C. Subsequently, the operator places each egg from the incubator into the egg tray 13 above the weighing sensor 12 for weighing and image acquisition, then places them on the drying rack 17 for drying. Simultaneously, the operator inputs the corresponding number of each egg into the main control unit via the human-machine interface to obtain embryonic development and weight analysis data for each egg. This data is automatically stored in the main control unit.

[0172] Taking day 18, ovum Z05 and ovum Z08 as an example:

[0173] (1) For egg Z05: The weight loss rate calculated after weighing is highly consistent with the theoretical weight loss rate, and the embryo atlas is basically consistent with the standard atlas on day 18 in the database. The evaluation result displayed on the human-computer interaction interface is "embryo development and weight loss status are normal", and the control suggestion is "no adjustment is needed, continue to incubate according to the current parameters".

[0174] (2) For egg Z08: The weight loss rate calculated after weighing showed that the weight loss was too rapid. At the same time, the embryo atlas comparison showed that the embryo activity was slightly weak and the blood vessel color was darker. The assessment conclusion displayed on the human-computer interaction interface was: "The egg lost weight too rapidly and there is a risk of dehydration." This is a level that requires active intervention. The control suggestions are: "Immediately increase the humidity of the subsequent incubation environment (e.g., increase by 3-5% RH); or consider spraying the eggs with warm water (for a short time of 1-2 seconds) before the next egg drying; or change to a high humidity gradient incubator for incubation to slow down moisture loss."

[0175] 3. Results and Data Value:

[0176] The keepers immediately implemented humidification measures for Z08. In the subsequent assessment, Z08's rate of weight loss was effectively curbed. Although it did not fully return to the theoretical curve, it successfully passed the final critical period and hatched smoothly.

[0177] 4. After hatching, the system exported a complete data report of all eggs, including daily weight loss curves, images of key developmental milestones, etc.

[0178] In this embodiment, by analyzing the data from Z08, the zoo optimized its emergency response plan for similar situations, accumulating valuable standardized data for future breeding work.

[0179] VII. Example 2

[0180] An abandoned Baer's Pochard egg, possibly in the middle stage of development, was found in a wetland reserve. Staff moved it to an artificial incubator, but due to the uncertainty of the exact date of laying and early developmental conditions, hatching was highly uncertain. The specific operation according to the method of this invention is as follows:

[0181] 1. Incubation and Record Keeping:

[0182] After being cleaned and disinfected, the rescued eggs were numbered A01 and placed in an egg testing and drying device for weighing and photographing. The weight was 41.153g. Comparison of the photographic images showed that egg A01 was on day 10 of development. Incubation was then carried out under the optimal temperature and humidity conditions for 10 days of incubation.

[0183] 2. Initial intelligent egg drying assessment (estimated day 11):

[0184] The following day, the A01 egg was placed back into the egg examination and drying device for weighing and photographing. The weight was 40.80g, indicating an actual weight loss rate of 0.86%. Compared to the theoretical weight loss rate on day 11 (0.614%), the weight loss was higher than expected. Comparison of the photographed images with day 11 embryo images from the database showed that the allantoic chorionic vessel closure of the A01 egg embryo was slightly below standard. The assessment result was "mildly delayed embryonic development, and the egg weight loss rate was slightly higher than expected." The recommended management measures were: "In subsequent incubation, it is recommended to appropriately increase the incubator humidity to promote normal weight loss; and ensure that the incubation temperature remains stable at the standard value, with continuous observation."

[0185] 3. Effect Verification:

[0186] Following the control recommendations, the operator fine-tuned the incubator humidity. During the subsequent two days of egg-drying assessment, the system showed that the egg weight loss rate gradually returned to the theoretical curve, and comparison of embryonic development images revealed that signs of sluggish development had disappeared, resulting in an assessment of "normal development." Ultimately, the rescued eggs successfully hatched into healthy ducklings.

[0187] This embodiment addresses the uncertainty surrounding abandoned eggs in the wild by first conducting an objective assessment, avoiding the blind reliance on experience. Furthermore, it continuously and accurately monitors egg development and weight loss during the mid-incubation period, promptly identifying combined issues of "developmental delay" and "abnormal weight loss," and effectively correcting these problems by adjusting humidity, thus preventing later stillbirths. This method, combined with the use of this device, significantly lowers the technical barrier, enabling even rescuers with limited experience in hatching Baer's Pochards to perform professional operations based on the system's clear instructions.

[0188] This invention provides a method to improve the success rate of artificial hatching of Baer's Pochard eggs. It enables rapid, non-destructive testing of multiple eggs, significantly reducing labor costs and achieving high efficiency and batch management. Furthermore, it can accurately identify individual abnormal eggs during batch hatching and provide personalized control plans, achieving "one-on-one" care and improving the overall hatching rate.

[0189] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, or alterations made by those skilled in the art using the disclosed technical content shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the success rate of artificial hatching of Baer's Pochard eggs, characterized in that, The method involves adding egg inspection and weighing steps during the incubation of Baer's Pochard eggs. The egg inspection step involves obtaining an embryo map by candling the eggs. The weighing step involves weighing the Baer's Pochard eggs for at least two consecutive days and calculating the actual weight loss rate. Then, the obtained embryo map and actual weight loss rate are compared with a pre-constructed database of embryonic development sequence maps and theoretical weight loss rates during the incubation of Baer's Pochard chicks. An evaluation conclusion and control suggestions are generated according to a preset logic matrix. This is used to promptly detect the incubation and development status of the Baer's Pochard eggs and make timely adjustments based on the control suggestions, ultimately improving the hatching success rate. The constructed database of embryonic development sequence maps of Baer's Pochard chicks during incubation was obtained by photographing Baer's Pochard eggs from day 0 to 26 of incubation using candling. The theoretical weight loss rate database for Baer's Pochard chicks during incubation was calculated using a regression model of Baer's Pochard egg weight and incubation days. The regression model for Baer's Pochard egg weight and incubation days was obtained from the egg weight loss curves of successfully hatched Baer's Pochard chicks during the incubation period over the years. The regression model for Baer's Pochard egg weight and incubation days is as follows: y=-0.2527x+43.68 (R²=0.9992) Where x is the number of incubation days and y is the egg weight; The preset logic matrix includes: (a) Normal state Developmental comparison: The embryonic developmental characteristics matched the corresponding incubation day standard atlas in the database with a similarity of ≥90%; Weightlessness analysis: The deviation between the actual weightlessness rate and the theoretical weightlessness rate is within ±1.5%; Assessment conclusion: Embryonic development and weight loss status are normal; Recommendation: No adjustments are needed; continue incubation using the current parameters. (ii) Minor abnormalities, observation is recommended. Judgment criteria: Either condition A or condition B must be met; Condition A: The embryonic development characteristics match the corresponding incubation day standard chart in the database by 85%-90%, but the weight loss is normal; Condition B: The deviation between the actual weight loss rate and the theoretical weight loss rate is between ±1.5% and ±3.0%, but development is normal; Assessment conclusion: The embryo's development is slightly delayed or the weight loss rate is slightly off. Recommendations: Do not adjust incubation parameters for the time being. It is recommended to strengthen observation and pay close attention to the development trend during the evaluation cycle. (iii) Proactive intervention is required (i) Rapid weightlessness Judgment criteria: The actual weight loss rate is greater than the theoretical weight loss rate, and the deviation is >3.0%, and the embryonic development status is normal or delayed; Assessment conclusion: The eggs are losing weight too quickly, posing a risk of dehydration; Control recommendations: Immediately increase the humidity of the incubation environment. Before the next egg drying, consider spraying the eggs with warm water for 1-2 seconds or transferring them to a high humidity gradient incubator for incubation. (ii) Weightlessness is too slow Judgment criteria: The actual weight loss rate is less than the theoretical weight loss rate, and the deviation is <3.0%, and the embryonic development status is normal or delayed; Assessment conclusion: Insufficient egg weight loss can lead to limited space for embryonic development or later-stage asphyxia; Control recommendations: Appropriately reduce the humidity of the incubation environment to accelerate moisture evaporation, and consider increasing the frequency of egg airing to twice a day to improve gas exchange; (iii) Developmental delay accompanied by abnormal weight loss Judgment criteria: The embryonic development characteristics match the corresponding incubation day standard atlas in the database by less than 85%, and are accompanied by weight loss abnormalities of type (i) or (ii) above; Assessment conclusion: The embryo is developing slowly and is accompanied by abnormal weight loss, indicating an unsuitable incubation environment; Control recommendations: Adjust humidity according to the control recommendations in (i) or (ii) above. At the same time, strictly check and ensure that the incubation temperature is stable at 37.5±0.1℃. (iv) Serious anomaly / high-risk alert Judgment criteria: It is sufficient to satisfy any one of the conditions C, D, and E; Condition C: In two consecutive assessments, the embryonic development images show no progress or obvious signs of death such as blood rings or shell adhesion; Condition D: The deviation between the actual weight loss rate and the theoretical weight loss rate is >5%, and the development is severely delayed; Condition E: Severe developmental delay accompanied by severe weight loss abnormalities; Assessment conclusion: High risk of embryonic developmental arrest or severe disruption of the hatching environment; Recommendations: Issue a high-risk alert and immediately perform artificial oocyte testing to confirm embryo viability; if viability is confirmed, implement an emergency intervention plan: thoroughly check the accuracy of the temperature and humidity sensors, adjust the humidity to the theoretical median value, and prepare a contingency plan for artificial delivery; and isolate and manage the oocyte separately.

2. The method for improving the success rate of artificial hatching of Baer's Pochard eggs according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the steps of developing an artificial incubation program for abandoned wild eggs, the specific steps of which are: (1) Obtain wild abandoned eggs of Baer's Pochard, weigh them and examine them by candling, obtain embryo map at the time of examination, compare the embryo map with the constructed embryo development sequence map database, and preliminarily determine the incubation days of the wild abandoned eggs of Baer's Pochard. (2) Based on the preliminary judgment results, determine the initial incubation parameters and artificially incubate the abandoned wild Baer's Pochard eggs according to the initial incubation parameters; (3) After artificial incubation, the eggs are examined and weighed during the daily drying period, and the actual weight loss rate is calculated; (4) Based on the egg test map and the actual weight loss rate, compare the corresponding incubation day data with the constructed embryo development sequence map database and theoretical weight loss rate database to further determine whether the incubation parameters are appropriate. If they are not appropriate, adjust them in time and finally formulate an incubation plan for wild abandoned eggs.

3. A device for inspecting and drying eggs to improve the success rate of artificial incubation of Baer's Pochard eggs, characterized in that, It includes the main body of the box and a weighing mechanism, an egg detection mechanism, and an egg drying mechanism installed in its first cavity. The weighing mechanism includes a weighing sensor and an egg tray disposed on its upper part. The egg tray is used to place the Baer's Pochard eggs to be tested, and the weighing sensor is used to collect the weight of the Baer's Pochard eggs. The egg inspection mechanism includes an egg inspection shell, a candling lamp, and a high-definition camera mechanism. The egg inspection shell covers the egg tray, and its front side is provided with a pick-up and drop-off port for picking up and dropping Baer's Pochard eggs. The candling lamp is located on the top of the egg inspection shell directly above the egg tray. The camera of the high-definition camera mechanism is fixed on the inner side wall of the egg inspection shell and is used to take embryo images when the candling lamp illuminates the Baer's Pochard eggs. The egg drying mechanism includes an egg drying rack, which is composed of several egg drying compartments, each of which is used to place one Baer's Pochard egg; The device is used to implement the method for improving the success rate of artificial hatching of Baer's pochard eggs as described in claim 1 or 2.

4. The egg inspection and airing device for improving the success rate of artificial incubation of Baer's Pochard eggs according to claim 3, characterized in that, The egg-candling lamp comprises three lamps, respectively installed on the top and side walls inside the egg-candling shell, for illuminating the Baer's Pochard eggs on the egg tray from the top and sides, and the inner wall of the egg-candling shell is lined with a black light-absorbing material; and / or, The egg drying mechanism also includes an egg drying support set at the lower part of the egg drying rack, and the egg drying support is provided with a slide for the egg drying rack to slide horizontally.

5. The egg inspection and airing device for improving the success rate of artificial incubation of Baer's pochard eggs according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The main body of the box also includes an environmental control mechanism, which includes a turbine fan, a PTC ceramic heating element, and a temperature sensor. The turbine fan and the PTC ceramic heating element are located in the lower part of the second cavity of the main body of the box. The turbine fan is located in front of the PTC ceramic heating element. An air outlet duct is provided on the rear side of the PTC ceramic heating element, leading into the space above the first cavity. A return air grille is provided on the lower part of the side wall of the second cavity corresponding to the air inlet side of the turbine fan. An air inlet grille is provided on the side wall of the main body opposite to the return air grille. The turbine fan and the PTC ceramic heating element are used to adjust the temperature of the eggs inside the first cavity. The temperature sensor is located inside the first cavity and is used to detect the internal temperature of the first cavity.

6. The egg inspection and airing device for improving the success rate of artificial incubation of Baer's pochard eggs according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main body of the box also includes a main control mechanism and a human-machine interaction mechanism connected thereto. The main control mechanism is located in the third cavity of the main body of the box. The third cavity is independently set from the first cavity and the second cavity. The human-machine interaction mechanism is set on the side wall of the main body of the box corresponding to the third cavity. The main control mechanism is used to receive and analyze the data collected by the weighing sensor and the high-definition camera mechanism, and to display the analysis and judgment results through the human-machine interaction mechanism. It is also connected to the environmental control mechanism to realize the internal temperature control of the first cavity.

7. The egg inspection and airing device for improving the success rate of artificial hatching of Baer's Pochard eggs according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main control mechanism includes a data acquisition module, a data storage module, a data analysis module, and a result generation module. The data acquisition module is used to receive and store the data collected by the weighing sensor and the high-definition camera, and transmit it to the data analysis module; The data storage module is used to store an embryonic development sequence map database and a theoretical weight loss rate database during the incubation period of Baer's Pochard chicks; The data analysis module is used to compare and analyze the data transmitted by the data acquisition module with the embryonic development sequence atlas database and the theoretical weight loss rate database in the data storage module. The result generation module is used to generate evaluation conclusions and control suggestions according to the comparative analysis results of the data analysis module and a preset logic matrix, and display them through the human-computer interaction mechanism.

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