A method, system, device and medium for multi-scene control of an electrochromic window based on indoor human thermal comfort

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of based on indoor human thermal comfort electrochromic window multi-scene control method, system, equipment and medium, its method includes: constructing perception dataset;Based on perception dataset, the multi-parameter coupling calculation of the deviation constraint of solar incidence azimuth and dynamic projection overlap is implemented to obtain direct radiation component, and the scattered radiation component is calculated by implementing window surface space coupling analysis and double space compensation, and individual thermal radiation influence value is fused;Based on perception dataset, determine scene category, establish thermal radiation evaluation benchmark using the way matched with scene category;If thermal radiation evaluation benchmark exceeds preset threshold, then the demand transmittance of window surface is sought by full transparent radiation distribution method, corresponding window surface is adjusted to target transmittance gradient according to demand transmittance, and the coupling control of the direction of air flow and / or power of air conditioning system is selectively triggered.The present application realizes the collaborative optimization of human thermal comfort and building energy efficiency by constructing multidimensional dynamic perception system and intelligent control framework.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of indoor radiation control technology, and in particular to a multi-scenario control method, system, device, and medium for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort. Background Technology

[0002] In modern society, the phenomenon of people spending long periods of time indoors is becoming increasingly common, highlighting the growing need for comfortable indoor environments. Since building energy consumption accounts for a significant portion of total social energy consumption, with air conditioning systems being particularly prominent, balancing human comfort and energy efficiency has become a crucial issue. Windows, as a weak link in the building envelope, exhibit high light transmittance and thermal conductivity, leading to excessive solar radiation heat gain in summer and heat loss in winter, significantly increasing air conditioning load. Although electrochromic window technology provides a feasible path for building energy conservation by dynamically controlling solar radiation through adjusting light transmittance, existing control methods still have significant limitations.

[0003] Current electrochromic window control strategies primarily focus on overall indoor temperature regulation or single environmental parameter responses. Due to a lack of refined consideration of human thermal comfort, they struggle to effectively eliminate the direct impact of solar radiation on the human body. More significantly, existing technologies lack a dynamic assessment system for the localized effects of solar radiation on the human body. When solar radiation intensity exceeds physiological tolerance thresholds or the exposure time is too long, it not only affects people's perception of thermal comfort but may also pose skin health risks. Furthermore, the coordination efficiency between electrochromic windows and air conditioning systems in traditional control modes is low. Insufficient coupling between their control objectives often leads to repeated energy consumption and equipment response lag, hindering the release of overall energy-saving potential.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new electrochromic window control method that, while ensuring human thermal comfort, accurately identifies the mechanism of solar radiation's thermal effect on the human body, and achieves synergistic optimization of transmittance regulation and air conditioning system, thereby breaking through the bottleneck of the difficulty in achieving both energy efficiency and user experience in existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-scene control method, system, device and medium for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort. It solves the technical problems of insufficient protection of human thermal comfort and low energy efficiency caused by the lack of a dynamic evaluation mechanism for the effect of solar radiation on human thermal comfort and insufficient coordination control with air conditioning system in existing electrochromic window control methods.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include: In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-scene control method for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort, including: Collect and process weather station data, window surface data, and indoor human distribution information to construct a perception dataset; Based on the sensing dataset, the direct radiation component is obtained by multi-parameter coupling calculation of solar incident azimuth deviation constraint and dynamic projection overlap. The scattered radiation component is obtained by window spatial coupling analysis and dual spatial compensation calculation based on the selected window topology sampling points and human auxiliary points. The individual thermal radiation influence value is obtained by fusing the direct and scattered radiation components. Based on the perception dataset, the scene category is determined, and a thermal radiation evaluation benchmark is established by matching the scene category with the method of direct individual value taking, screening of the most unfavorable point, and superposition of radiation field vectors under the personnel dimension and / or window dimension. If the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark exceeds the preset threshold, the required transmittance of the window surface is obtained by the full-transmittance radiation distribution method. The corresponding window surface is adjusted to the target transmission gradient according to the required transmittance. At the same time, based on the adjusted residual radiation intensity, the air conditioning system's airflow direction and / or power coupling control is selectively triggered.

[0007] Optionally, based on the sensing dataset, a multi-parameter coupled calculation of solar incidence azimuth deviation constraint and dynamic projection overlap is performed to obtain the direct radiation component, and a window surface spatial coupling analysis and dual spatial compensation calculation are performed based on selected window surface topology sampling points and human auxiliary points to obtain the scattered radiation component. The individual thermal radiation impact value is obtained by fusing the direct and scattered radiation components, including: Match the reference azimuth angle with the orientation attribute of the selected target window, calculate the incident azimuth deviation value between the solar azimuth angle and the reference azimuth angle in the perception dataset, and determine that the direct solar radiation enters the room through the target window when the incident azimuth deviation value is within the preset angle range. The distance from the center of the human torso to the target window is corrected based on the preset sitting posture orientation offset to obtain a dynamic distance correction value; Based on the acquired dynamic distance correction value, incident azimuth deviation value, and window surface data of the target window, the projection area of ​​the human shadow on the window surface reflection area is calculated. When the projection area overlaps with the window surface reflection area, the effective exposure coefficient is calculated according to the overlap ratio. The effective radiation coefficient and seated projection coefficient are obtained from a preset human thermophysiological parameter database, and coupled with the effective exposure coefficient, the current transmittance of the target window and the direct solar radiation intensity to calculate the direct solar radiation component. Select spatial sampling points on the target window surface and select auxiliary points on the human torso; Based on the window data, the vertical angles formed by the auxiliary points with the upper and lower boundaries of the target window, the horizontal angles formed with the left and right boundaries of the target window, and the vertical compensation angle formed with the outer extension of the window sill of the target window are obtained. The sky scattering visibility coefficient is obtained through spatial coupling analysis. By introducing a linear attenuation factor and a clear sky index to characterize altitude and azimuth deviations, the diffuse intensity of the acquired spatial sampling points and auxiliary points is calculated by dual spatial averaging to obtain the actual intensity of diffuse radiation. Combined with the effective radiation coefficient, sky scattering visibility coefficient and the current transmittance of the target window, the scattered radiation component is obtained. By integrating the direct radiation component and the diffuse radiation component, and after standardization and conversion, the individual thermal radiation impact value characterizing the change in thermal comfort is output.

[0008] Optionally, the dual spatial averaging calculation includes: The scattering intensity of the spatial sampling points is calculated by first-level spatial averaging, and the intensity of each spatial sampling point is dynamically corrected by introducing a linear attenuation factor. In the second-level spatial averaging operation, the obtained first-level averaging result is used to perform second-level spatial averaging calculation at the auxiliary point level, and the clear sky index is dynamically weighted and adjusted to obtain the scattered radiation component of the dual spatial average.

[0009] Optionally, based on the perception dataset, scene categories are determined, and a thermal radiation evaluation benchmark is established by matching the scene category with methods such as direct individual value taking, worst-case point screening, and radiation field vector superposition under the personnel dimension and / or window dimension. When in a single-window, single-person scenario, the individual thermal radiation impact value is directly used as the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark for the single-window, single-person scenario. When in a single-window multi-person scenario, the individual thermal radiation impact values ​​of all people are collected in a traversal manner. The most unfavorable point screening rule is used to select the highest impact value from the set of thermal radiation impact values ​​of all individuals as the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark for the single-window multi-person scenario. When a single person is in a multi-window situation, the thermal radiation impact value of the same body under each window is obtained. By accumulating the values ​​across the window dimensions, the thermal radiation impact value of a single person in a multi-window situation is obtained. When there are multiple windows and multiple people, the thermal radiation impact value of the same person under each window is obtained. By accumulating the values ​​across the window dimensions, the thermal radiation impact value of a single person across multiple windows is obtained. The thermal radiation impact values ​​of a single person across multiple windows for all people are collected in a traversal manner. Then, across the personnel dimension, the thermal radiation impact values ​​of a single person across multiple windows for all people are accumulated to generate a thermal radiation evaluation benchmark.

[0010] Optionally, if the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark exceeds a preset threshold, the required transmittance of the window surface is calculated using the full-transmittance radiation distribution method. The corresponding window surface is then adjusted to the target transmission gradient according to the required transmittance. Simultaneously, based on the adjusted residual radiation intensity, the coupled control of the air conditioning system's airflow direction and / or power is selectively triggered, including: The real-time calculated thermal radiation evaluation benchmark is compared with the preset safety threshold. When the evaluation benchmark value is detected to exceed the safety threshold range, the minimum transmittance parameter required for the window to meet the safety threshold is obtained by inverting the radiation intensity under the virtual full-transparency state, and the required transmittance of the window is generated. If there are multiple windows, the window adjustment priority is generated according to the required transmittance value of each window. Compare the required transmittance of each window surface with the physical limit transmittance of the corresponding window surface. When the required transmittance of the window surface is greater than the physical limit transmittance of the corresponding window surface, a window surface status deficiency flag is generated and together with the window surface adjustment priority, they form a flag parameter set. Based on the transmittance requirement, each window is adjusted to the target transmittance gradient in sequence according to the window adjustment priority in the marked parameter set. At the same time, combined with the residual radiation intensity after transmittance adjustment, the air direction and / or power of the air conditioning system are coupled and controlled.

[0011] Optionally, in conjunction with the residual radiation intensity after transmittance adjustment, triggering coupled control of the airflow direction and / or power of the air conditioning system includes: During window adjustment, monitor the insufficient window status indicator in real time. If there is no insufficient window status indicator, maintain the default window-operated mode of the air conditioner. If at least one window state is insufficient, an air conditioning compensation command is generated by combining the residual radiation intensity after transmittance adjustment. According to the air conditioning compensation command, the air conditioning system connected to the communication link is driven to perform air supply direction adjustment and cooling / heating power matching control.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-scene control system for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort, including: The data acquisition and processing module is used to collect and process weather station data, window surface data, and indoor human distribution information to build a perception dataset. The radiation characterization module is used to perform multi-parameter coupled calculations based on the solar incident azimuth deviation constraint and dynamic projection overlap to obtain the direct radiation component, and to perform window spatial coupling analysis and dual spatial compensation calculations based on the selected window topology sampling points and human auxiliary points to obtain the scattered radiation component. The direct and scattered radiation components are fused to obtain the individual thermal radiation impact value. The benchmark determination module is used to determine the scene category based on the perception dataset. It establishes a thermal radiation evaluation benchmark by using direct individual value taking, screening of the most unfavorable point, and matching the scene category in the superposition of radiation field vectors under the personnel dimension and / or window dimension. The adjustment and linkage module is used to calculate the required transmittance of the window surface using the full-transmittance radiation distribution method when the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark exceeds the preset threshold. The module then adjusts the corresponding window surface to the target transmission gradient according to the required transmittance. At the same time, based on the adjusted residual radiation intensity, it selectively triggers the coupling control of the air conditioning system's airflow direction and / or power.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-scene control device for an electrochromic window based on indoor human thermal comfort, comprising: An electrochromic window controller is used to execute the multi-scenario control method for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort, as described above. The data acquisition unit is connected to the electrochromic window controller. The data acquisition unit includes an outdoor meteorological data interface and an indoor sensor group. The indoor sensor group includes a human position detection radar and an indoor temperature sensor. In addition, the air conditioning controller unit is communicatively connected to the electrochromic window controller and the air conditioning system, respectively. The air conditioning controller unit is controlled by the instructions of the electrochromic window controller and coupled to control the air conditioning system.

[0014] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the multi-scene control method for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort as described above.

[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects The beneficial effects of this invention are: by constructing a multi-dimensional dynamic sensing system and an intelligent control framework, this invention achieves the synergistic optimization of human thermal comfort and building energy efficiency, specifically manifested as follows: First, by integrating meteorological station data, window parameters, and personnel distribution information to construct a real-time sensing dataset, the real-time performance and reliability of environmental parameter acquisition are significantly improved, providing a high-precision data foundation for subsequent control decisions.

[0016] Secondly, based on the dynamic projection coupling of the sun's three-dimensional trajectory and the window geometry, and by integrating the spatial analysis of scattered radiation from the topological sampling point array, a three-dimensional dynamic evaluation model of the thermal comfort of the human body by direct and scattered radiation is constructed, breaking through the bottleneck of insufficient quantification of local radiative heat effects by traditional methods.

[0017] Next, by constructing a topological relationship classification mechanism between the number of windows and the distribution of people, and adopting a scenario-based strategy (one of individual value selection, worst-case screening, and radiation field superposition) to dynamically generate thermal radiation evaluation benchmarks, seamless expansion from single scenarios to complex scenarios was achieved, significantly improving the system's adaptability to different spatial layouts.

[0018] Based on the above, the full-transmittance radiation distribution method is introduced to calculate the transmission demand. The corresponding window surface is adjusted to the target transmission gradient according to the required transmittance. Based on the residual radiation after transmittance adjustment, the air conditioning direction / power compensation is dynamically triggered, forming a closed-loop control link of "active window surface adjustment - air conditioning auxiliary compensation". This solves the problem of insufficient adjustment capability of a single device under extreme conditions, improves the rate of human thermal comfort compliance, and reduces the redundant operation time of the air conditioning system. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control process for a single window and a single person provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the specific process of step S2 in the method provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 (a) f in the calculation of direct solar radiation provided in the embodiments of the present invention bes Value and human position correction calculation diagram; Figure 4 (b) A schematic diagram of virtual human shadow calculated from direct solar radiation according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 (a) is a schematic diagram showing the virtual human body shadow completely within the reflection area; Figure 5 (b) is a schematic diagram of the shadow portion of the virtual human body within the reflection area; Figure 5 (c) is a schematic diagram showing the top of the virtual body shadow located within the reflection area; Figure 5 (d) is a schematic diagram showing the top of the virtual body's shadow extending beyond the reflection area; Figure 5 (e) is a schematic diagram showing that the top of the virtual body shadow does not reach the reflection area; Figure 5 (f) The human body facing the window is not in the reflection area and is far away from the window; Figure 6 (a) A horizontal view showing the relative relationship between the human body and the window for calculating the sky scattering visibility coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6(b) A vertical view of the relative relationship between the human body and the window for calculating the sky scattering visibility coefficient provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 (a) A schematic diagram of the first-order spatial angle for calculating the actual scattered radiation intensity provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 (b) A schematic diagram of the second-order spatial angle for calculating the actual scattered radiation intensity provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a detailed flowchart illustrating step S3 of the method provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 9 (a), (b), and (c) are schematic diagrams of single-window multi-person, multi-window single-person, and multi-window multi-person indoor configurations provided in the embodiments of the present invention, respectively. Figure 10 A control logic diagram for a single-window multi-user method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 The control logic diagram for a multi-window single-person method provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a control logic diagram for the multi-window, multi-user method provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a detailed flowchart illustrating step S4 of the method provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating step S45 of the method provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To better explain and facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a multi-scene control method for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort. This method includes: collecting and processing meteorological station data, window surface data, and indoor human distribution information to construct a perception dataset; based on the perception dataset, performing multi-parameter coupling calculations of solar incidence azimuth deviation constraints and dynamic projection overlap to obtain the direct radiation component, and performing window surface spatial coupling analysis and dual spatial compensation calculations based on selected window surface topology sampling points and human auxiliary points to obtain the scattered radiation component; fusing the direct and scattered radiation components to obtain the individual thermal radiation impact value; determining the scene category based on the perception dataset, and establishing a thermal radiation evaluation benchmark by using direct individual value taking, most unfavorable point screening, and matching the scene category in the radiation field vector superposition under the human dimension and / or window surface dimension; if the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark exceeds a preset threshold, then calculating the required transmittance of the window surface using the full-transparency radiation distribution method, adjusting the corresponding window surface to the target transmission gradient according to the required transmittance, and selectively triggering the coupling control of the air conditioning system's wind direction and / or power based on the adjusted residual radiation intensity.

[0022] This invention achieves synergistic optimization of human thermal comfort and building energy efficiency by constructing a multi-dimensional dynamic sensing system and intelligent control framework, specifically manifested as follows: First, by integrating meteorological station data, window parameters, and personnel distribution information to construct a real-time sensing dataset, the real-time performance and reliability of environmental parameter acquisition are significantly improved, providing a high-precision data foundation for subsequent control decisions.

[0023] Secondly, based on the dynamic projection coupling of the sun's three-dimensional trajectory and the window geometry, and by integrating the spatial analysis of scattered radiation from the topological sampling point array, a three-dimensional dynamic evaluation model of the thermal comfort of the human body by direct and scattered radiation is constructed, breaking through the bottleneck of insufficient quantification of local radiative heat effects by traditional methods.

[0024] Next, by constructing a topological relationship classification mechanism between the number of windows and the distribution of people, and adopting a scenario-based strategy (one of individual value selection, worst-case screening, and radiation field superposition) to dynamically generate thermal radiation evaluation benchmarks, seamless expansion from single scenarios to complex scenarios was achieved, significantly improving the system's adaptability to different spatial layouts.

[0025] Based on the above, the full-transmittance radiation distribution method is introduced to calculate the transmission demand. The corresponding window surface is adjusted to the target transmission gradient according to the required transmittance. Based on the residual radiation after transmittance adjustment, the air conditioning direction / power compensation is dynamically triggered, forming a closed-loop control link of "active window surface adjustment - air conditioning auxiliary compensation". This solves the problem of insufficient adjustment capability of a single device under extreme conditions, improves the rate of human thermal comfort compliance, and reduces the redundant operation time of the air conditioning system.

[0026] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be understood more clearly and thoroughly, and that the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0027] Specifically, embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-scene control method for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort, including: S1. Collect and process weather station data, window data, and indoor human distribution information to construct a perception dataset.

[0028] In this step, online meteorological data from the local weather station is retrieved via network connection. This data includes outdoor solar radiation intensity, solar altitude angle, solar azimuth angle, and combined outdoor temperature and humidity parameters. Simultaneously, window geometric parameter sets are extracted through a building information modeling (BIM) interface, including the outer contour dimensions, spatial azimuth angle, and installation height of each window. Furthermore, indoor human distribution information is acquired in real time based on millimeter-wave radar point cloud data streams. These three types of data streams are then spatiotemporally aligned to construct a multidimensional sensing dataset containing meteorological feature vectors, window geometric parameters, and human distribution topology.

[0029] S2. Based on the sensing dataset, the direct radiation component is obtained by multi-parameter coupling calculation of solar incident azimuth deviation constraint and dynamic projection overlap. The diffuse radiation component is obtained by window spatial coupling analysis and dual spatial compensation calculation based on the selected window topology sampling points and human auxiliary points. The individual thermal radiation influence value is obtained by fusing the direct and diffuse radiation components.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, before step S2, a human body radar detector is first used to detect whether there are people in the indoor space.

[0031] If the indoor space is unoccupied, the default setting will be configured according to the current season (Setting 0: corresponding to the heating season, which is the highest transmittance; Setting n: corresponding to the cooling season, which is the lowest transmittance).

[0032] If there are people in the indoor space, proceed with the following process for calculating individual thermal radiation impact values: Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, step S2 includes: S21. Match the reference azimuth angle with the azimuth attribute of the selected target window, and calculate the incident azimuth deviation value between the solar azimuth angle and the reference azimuth angle in the perception dataset. When the incident azimuth deviation value is within the preset angle range, it is determined that the direct solar radiation enters the room through the target window.

[0033] S22. Correct the distance from the center of the human torso to the target window based on the preset sitting posture orientation offset to obtain the dynamic distance correction value.

[0034] S23. Based on the acquired dynamic distance correction value, incident azimuth deviation value and target window surface data, calculate the projection area of ​​the human shadow on the window surface reflection area. When the projection area overlaps with the window surface reflection area, calculate the effective exposure coefficient according to the overlap ratio.

[0035] S24. Obtain the effective radiation coefficient and seated projection coefficient from the preset human thermophysiological parameter library, and couple them with the effective exposure coefficient, the current transmittance of the target window and the direct solar radiation intensity to obtain the direct solar radiation component.

[0036] In one embodiment, it should be specifically noted that the core of this embodiment lies in calculating the ΔMRT value (i.e., individual thermal radiation impact value) of solar radiation entering the room through the window on the human body. The solar radiation received by the human body passes through the effective radiation field (ERF). solar The method quantifies solar radiation by employing a human body solar radiation calculation method, providing a fast, practical, and relatively accurate approach to calculating the hourly effective radiation field. This method distinguishes between direct, scattered, and reflected solar radiation flux on the human body indoors. Based on practical engineering considerations, since reflected radiation transmitted through windows has a relatively small impact on occupants, the reflected radiation portion of solar radiation entering the room, i.e., the direct reflected radiation flux E, is ignored. refldir and scattered and reflected radiant flux E refldiff The values ​​of all values ​​are 0, and the core calculation formula is as follows: ; In the formula, E dir and E diff Direct solar radiation flux and scattered solar radiation flux, α sw It is the shortwave absorption rate, α lw It refers to long-wavelength absorption rate.

[0037] Next, calculate the ERF. solar Then, it can be converted to ΔMRT using the following formula: ; In the formula, h r The radiative heat transfer coefficient (W / m) 2 ·K), f eff The effective radiation coefficient.

[0038] Specifically, the solar direct radiation flux E dir The calculation formula is: E dir =f eff f p f bes T sol I dir , where f p f is the projection coefficient for seated posture. bes The effective exposure factor T sol I represents the current transmittance of the target window surface. dir The specific calculation process for measuring direct solar radiation intensity is as follows: First, it is necessary to determine whether direct solar radiation enters the indoor space through the window. Specifically, based on the azimuth attributes of the target window, a direction factor is determined (east n=1, south n=2, west n=3, north n=4). The incident azimuth deviation value γ is obtained by subtracting the reference azimuth represented by the direction factor from the solar azimuth angle using the formula γ=azi-90n, where azi is the real-time solar azimuth angle. When the γ value is within the preset effective incident angle range [-90°, 90°], it is determined that direct solar radiation has entered the indoor space through the target window.

[0039] refer to Figure 4 When direct solar radiation enters a room, there is a reflective area, namely the window projection on the floor. When a person is exposed to direct solar radiation, only the side of the body facing the window is exposed, while the other side is in shadow. The side of the body facing the window is closer to the window than the middle of the torso. Therefore, the effective exposure factor f is calculated using the average distance between the side of the body facing the window (the distance between the side leg and the middle of the torso) and the window. bes The distance from the middle of the human torso to the side of the body facing the window is defined as 0.1m, and the following dynamic distance correction is performed: d front =d-0.1; In the formula, d is the distance from the middle of the human torso to the window.

[0040] Next, considering that the length of a person's shadow is determined by the person's height h1 and the sun's altitude. bes Equal to the fraction of the overlap between the shadow of the virtual object and the reflected area ( Figure 4 (b) the reflective area). When the body is exposed to direct radiation (f) bes >0), the shadow and reflection areas of the human body must overlap, and the window facing the human body must be at least 0 degrees. Figure 4Between the reflective areas in (b). This situation can be represented as: d0-d front ×tan(γ)<ω / 2 Moderate, ω is the geometric width of the window, and d0 is the horizontal deviation between the human body and the center line of the window.

[0041] When the window faces the side of the body, it is located at Figure 4 When referring to the reflection areas in (b), please refer to the specific details. Figure 5 From (a) to (f), there are six different conditions under which the effective exposure factor f can be determined. bes : (1) When the window facing the human body is located in the reflection zone:

[0042] 1) When the virtual human shadow is completely within the reflection area (e.g.) Figure 5 (a)

[0043] 2) When the shadow part of the virtual human body is within the reflection area (e.g.) Figure 5 (b)

[0044] (2) When the window facing the human body is not in the reflection area but is close to the window:

[0045] 1) When the top of the virtual human shadow is in the reflection area (e.g.) Figure 5 (c)

[0046] 2) When the top of the virtual human shadow extends beyond the reflection area (e.g.) Figure 5 (d):

[0047] 3) When the top of the virtual human shadow does not reach the reflection area (e.g.) Figure 5 (e):

[0048] (3) When the window facing the human body is not in the reflection area and is far from the window (e.g.) Figure 5 (f)

[0049] In the formula, h is the height of the window surface, h0 is the height of the windowsill, h1 is the height of the person sitting, and alt is the solar altitude angle.

[0050] Next, the effective radiation coefficient f is obtained from a pre-calibrated database of human thermophysiological parameters. eff (Based on ASHRAE Standard 55–2017, the value for a seated person is 0.696) and the seated projection coefficient f p (Determined based on solar altitude angle, solar azimuth angle, and human orientation, with a value range of 0.152 to 0.332), combined with the current transmittance T of the target window surface. sol Measured direct solar radiation intensity I dir and the calculated f bes Generate the value of direct solar radiation flux.

[0051] S25. Select multiple spatial sampling points at equal intervals on the target window surface according to spatial topology, and select multiple auxiliary points on the human torso.

[0052] S26. Based on the window surface data, calculate the vertical angles formed by the auxiliary point with the upper and lower boundaries of the target window surface, the horizontal angles formed with the left and right boundaries of the target window surface, and the vertical compensation angle formed with the outer edge of the windowsill of the target window surface. The sky scattering visibility coefficient is obtained through spatial coupling analysis. The positioning of the outer edge of the windowsill is achieved by projecting a laser rangefinder from the auxiliary point to the outer edge of the lower edge of the window opening, using the point with the strongest reflected signal as the measurement reference. The spatial coordinates (x, y, z) of this point are acquired using a total station.

[0053] S27. Introducing a linear attenuation factor and a clear sky index to characterize altitude and azimuth deviations, a dual spatial averaging calculation is performed on the diffuse intensity of the acquired spatial sampling points and auxiliary points to obtain the actual intensity of diffuse radiation. Combining the effective radiation coefficient, sky scattering visibility coefficient, and the current transmittance of the target window, the scattered radiation component is obtained. The dual spatial averaging calculation includes: performing a first-level spatial averaging calculation on the scattered intensity of the spatial sampling points, with the intensity of each spatial sampling point dynamically corrected by the introduced linear attenuation factor; in the second-level spatial averaging operation, the obtained first-level averaging result is used for a second-level spatial averaging calculation at the auxiliary point level, and the clear sky index is applied to the second-level spatial averaging calculation result for dynamic weighting adjustment, finally obtaining the scattered radiation component of the dual spatial average.

[0054] S28. Linearly superimpose the direct radiation flux value with the average scattered radiation flux value of multiple sampling points to generate the effective solar radiation field intensity value, and output the individual thermal radiation impact value characterizing the change in thermal comfort after standardization conversion.

[0055] In another embodiment, the scattered radiation flux E diff The calculation formula is: In the formula, f eff For the effective radiation coefficient, f svv T is the sky scattering visibility coefficient.sol I represents the transmittance of the target window surface. diff_catual This represents the actual intensity of diffuse radiation. Next, we will discuss f in detail. svv and I diff_catual Calculation process: First, refer to Figure 7 Nine spatial sampling points were selected at equal intervals on the surface of the target window according to the spatial topology, and five auxiliary observation points were set in the human body sitting posture projection area.

[0056] Next, the sky scattering visibility coefficient f is calculated. svv The details are as follows: ; In the formula, θ v It is the vertical angle of the sky view factor (more specifically, the angle between the auxiliary point of the human body and the highest and lowest edges of the window facing it in the model); θ v_sill It is the perpendicular angle formed by the windowsill and a point on the human body (more specifically, the perpendicular angle formed by the windowsill and an auxiliary point on the human body); θ h This is the horizontal angle of the skylight view factor (more specifically, the angle between the auxiliary point of the human figure and the leftmost and rightmost points of the window surface in the model). Parameters are as follows: Figure 6 As shown in (a) and (b).

[0057] For θ v_ sill The calculation involves the following cases: (1) When the distance h between the j-th point of the human body and the ground j When the height of the windowsill is greater than or equal to the height h0, the following conditions are met: θ v_ sill =0, (i = 1~5, i is an integer); ; (2) When the distance h between the j-th point of the human body and the ground j When the height is less than the windowsill height h0, the following condition is met:

[0058] ; Next, the following section calculates θ for different scenarios regarding the relationship between the human body and the center line of the window. h : .

[0059] The actual intensity I of diffuse radiation diff_actual The process involves two steps. First, the human body solar radiation calculation method is used to calculate I. diff_actual The diffuse intensity of the sky was determined by averaging nine sampling points on the window surface. Secondly, the scheme averaged the diffuse radiation intensity falling on five auxiliary points on the human body, such as... Figure 7As shown in (a). Furthermore, it is assumed that the diffuse radiation intensity at a point in the sky varies with altitude deviation (alt-0.5θ). v -θ v_sill The non-uniform distribution of scattered radiation in the sky and the clear sky index (K) decrease linearly. (where alt is the solar altitude angle) and the azimuth deviation from the sun's position (β-γ) also decrease linearly. t This relates to the fact that on a clear day, the diffuse radiation from the sky near the sun is much stronger than that from a point further away from the sun; when the sky is completely obscured by clouds, the intensity of diffuse radiation is evenly distributed throughout the sky.

[0060] Among them, I diff_actual The calculation method is as follows: ; ; In the formula, β is the angle between the human body and the center of the window; γ is the angle between the center line of the window and the azimuth of the sun. The calculation method for β is as follows: ; θ v_ij θ is the distance from the j-th auxiliary point on the human body to the i-th sampling point on the window surface. v Value; θ v_sill_ij θ is the distance from the j-th auxiliary point on the human body to the i-th sampling point on the window surface. v_sill value, h i H represents the distance from the i-th auxiliary point on the human body to the ground. j Let θ be the distance from the j-th sampling point on the window surface to the ground. v_ij and θ v_sill_ij The calculation is as follows: When h i <H j hour: ; When h i ≥H j hour: ; Where, d Aij d is the horizontal distance between the i-th sampling point on the window and the j-th auxiliary point on the human body (i=1~9, j=1~5). Bij d is the vertical distance between the i-th sampling point on the window and the j-th auxiliary point on the human body. Cij It is the vertical distance between the i-th sampling point on the window and the 5th auxiliary point on the human body.

[0061] K t It is the global solar irradiance (G) measured on the ground and the global solar irradiance (G) measured at the top of the atmosphere. ext The ratio of K to K tThe calculation method is as follows: ; Among them, G SC It is the solar constant (W / m 2 =1361.1W / m 2 ε is the Earth orbital eccentricity factor, ranging from 0.9648 to 1.0342, which has little impact on the results and is therefore ignored in this calculation.

[0062] S3. Determine the scene category based on the topological relationship between the window data and the spatial distribution of people in the perception dataset. Establish a thermal radiation evaluation benchmark by using methods such as direct individual value taking, screening of the most unfavorable point, and matching the scene category with the radiation field vector superposition under the personnel dimension and / or window dimension.

[0063] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, step S3 includes: S31. When in a single-window, single-person scenario, the individual thermal radiation impact value shall be directly used as the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark for the single-window, single-person scenario.

[0064] S32. When in a single-window multi-person scenario, collect the individual thermal radiation impact values ​​of all personnel in a traversal manner, and select the highest impact value from the set of thermal radiation impact values ​​of all personnel as the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark for the single-window multi-person scenario using the worst-case point screening rule.

[0065] S33. When a single person is in a multi-window situation, obtain the thermal radiation impact value of the same body under each window surface, and obtain the thermal radiation impact value of the single person in a multi-window situation by accumulating the values ​​across the window surface dimensions.

[0066] S34. When there are multiple windows and multiple people, obtain the thermal radiation impact value of the same person under each window. By implementing the accumulation in the window dimension, obtain the thermal radiation impact value of a single person in multiple windows. Collect the thermal radiation impact values ​​of a single person in multiple windows for all people in a traversal manner, and accumulate the thermal radiation impact values ​​of a single person in multiple windows for all people in the personnel dimension to generate a thermal radiation evaluation benchmark.

[0067] In one embodiment, when multiple people and multiple windows are involved indoors, the specific implementation method is as follows: When a room has only one window and multiple people (such as...) Figure 9 (a) It is necessary to calculate the individual thermal radiation impact value caused by the window to people in different positions, and take the largest individual thermal radiation impact value as the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark for a single window with multiple people. The control logic diagram is as follows. Figure 10 As shown.

[0068] When the room has multiple windows and there is only one person (e.g.) Figure 9(b) It is necessary to comprehensively consider the impact of different windows on indoor occupants. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate and accumulate the individual thermal radiation impact values ​​under different windows. When the accumulated value exceeds the threshold, adjustment is required. Different windows have different impacts on occupants, so it is necessary to use the full-transparency virtual allocation method to calculate the transmittance of different window surfaces. The calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, T sol_k Let ΔMRT be the transmittance of the k-th window. threshoid The individual thermal comfort threshold is given by k, where k is the total number of windows, and ΔMRT is the maximum thermal comfort threshold. k This represents the thermal radiation effect of the k-th window on the occupants of the room. Its control logic diagram is as follows: Figure 11 As shown.

[0069] Considering that in actual engineering projects, rooms often have multiple people and multiple windows (such as...) Figure 9 (c) This situation requires comprehensive consideration of the impact of different windows on different people. The control logic in this scenario is similar to that of multi-window single-person control logic. It simply requires adding an iterative process for people in different positions until all people in the room have been calculated. At the personnel level, the thermal radiation impact values ​​of all people in multi-window single-person scenarios are summed to generate a thermal radiation evaluation benchmark. The control logic diagram is as follows: Figure 12 As shown.

[0070] S4. If the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark exceeds the preset threshold, the required transmittance of the window surface is obtained by the full-transmittance radiation distribution method. The corresponding window surface is adjusted to the target transmission gradient according to the required transmittance. At the same time, based on the adjusted residual radiation intensity, the air direction and / or power coupling control of the air conditioning system is selectively triggered.

[0071] Furthermore, such as Figure 13 As shown, step S4 includes: S41. Compare the real-time calculated thermal radiation evaluation benchmark with the preset safety threshold.

[0072] S42. When the evaluation benchmark value is detected to exceed the safety threshold range, the minimum transmittance parameter required for the window surface to meet the safety threshold is obtained by inverting the radiation intensity under the virtual full-transparency state, and the required transmittance of the window surface is generated.

[0073] S43. If there are multiple windows, generate window adjustment priorities according to the required transmittance values ​​of each window.

[0074] S44. Compare the required transmittance of each window surface with the physical limit transmittance of the corresponding window surface. When the required transmittance of the window surface is greater than the physical limit transmittance of the corresponding window surface, generate a window surface status insufficiency mark, and form a mark parameter set together with the window surface adjustment priority.

[0075] S45. Based on the transmittance requirement, adjust each window to the target transmittance gradient in sequence according to the window adjustment priority in the marked parameter set. At the same time, combined with the residual radiation intensity after transmittance adjustment, trigger the coupled control of the air conditioning system's airflow direction and / or power.

[0076] Furthermore, such as Figure 14 As shown, step S45 includes: S451. During window adjustment, monitor the insufficient window status indicator in real time. If there is no insufficient window status indicator, maintain the default window supply mode of the air conditioner. The default window supply mode of the air conditioner is defined as follows: based on the set space reference temperature as the control target, dynamically match the air supply angle (adjustable range of vertical ±15° / horizontal ±30°) and cooling / heating power (30%-100% of rated power) based on the real-time heat radiation intensity of the window.

[0077] S452. If at least one window state deficiency flag exists, an air conditioning compensation command is generated by combining the residual radiation intensity after transmittance adjustment. Specifically, the residual radiation intensity is mapped to a combination of the required airflow deflection angle and cooling / heating power increment parameters of the air conditioning system to generate the air conditioning compensation command.

[0078] S453. According to the air conditioning compensation command, drive the air conditioning system connected to the communication to perform air supply direction adjustment and cooling / heating power matching control.

[0079] Additionally, a multi-scene control system for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort includes: a data acquisition and processing module for acquiring and processing meteorological station data, window surface data, and indoor human distribution information to construct a perception dataset; a radiation characterization module for performing multi-parameter coupling calculations based on the perception dataset, including solar incidence azimuth deviation constraints and dynamic projection overlap, to obtain the direct radiation component, and performing window surface spatial coupling analysis and dual spatial compensation calculations based on selected window surface topology sampling points and human auxiliary points to obtain the scattered radiation component, and fusing the direct and scattered radiation components to obtain the individual thermal radiation impact value; a benchmark determination module for determining the scene category based on the perception dataset, and establishing a thermal radiation evaluation benchmark by using direct individual value taking, most unfavorable point screening, and matching the scene category in the radiation field vector superposition under the human dimension and / or window surface dimension; and an adjustment and linkage module for determining the required transmittance of the window surface using the full-transparency radiation distribution method if the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark exceeds a preset threshold, adjusting the corresponding window surface to the target transmission gradient according to the required transmittance, and selectively triggering the coupling control of the air conditioning system's wind direction and / or power based on the adjusted residual radiation intensity.

[0080] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-scene control device for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort, see reference. Figure 15 and Figure 16 It includes: An electrochromic window controller, configured to perform the method as described above, wherein the electrochromic window controller comprises a signal module, an information display panel, a transformer module, a window surface parameter setting module, a data processing module, a data storage module and a control module. Specifically, the signal module can be connected to a WiFi network, capable of reading real-time online meteorological information (including solar radiation intensity and the like) provided by a local weather station, and can also be connected to a mobile control terminal for unified viewing and control; the information display panel is configured to display detailed information such as the current control gear of the electrochromic window, outdoor solar radiation intensity, and indoor and outdoor temperatures; the transformer module is configured to apply different voltages to the window as required to change the transmittance of the electrochromic window; the window surface parameter setting module is configured to set and modify the size parameters of the window surface; the data processing module is configured to calculate and process the collected data using a human body solar radiation model, compare the calculated ΔMRT with a preset ΔMRT threshold, if the set threshold is exceeded, calculate the transmittance of the electrochromic window, and determine the gear in which the transmittance of the electrochromic glass is located according to the calculation result; if ΔMRT does not exceed the threshold, the gear shall be in a high transmittance state (cooling season) or a low transmittance state (heating season); the data storage module is configured to store the collected indoor and outdoor environment parameter data, calculation results and parameters of the electrochromic window; the control module is configured to control the voltage or current to change the transmittance gear of the electrochromic window according to the calculation result of the data processing module.

[0081] A data acquisition unit, connected to the electrochromic window controller, the data acquisition unit comprising an outdoor meteorological data interface and an indoor sensor group, the indoor sensor group comprising a human body position detection radar and an indoor temperature sensor. The data acquisition unit can read online meteorological data provided by a local weather station through network connection, including outdoor solar radiation intensity (direct, scattered and reflected solar radiation intensity, solar altitude angle, solar azimuth angle and the like), as well as outdoor temperature, humidity, wind speed and the like. The human body position detection radar is configured to collect the position of the human body (relative to the distance, orientation and the like of the calculated window surface), and the indoor temperature sensor is configured to collect the indoor air temperature. Then the collected data is uniformly fed back to the data processing module for calculation, and it is determined whether to transmit the data to the control module according to the calculation result. In addition, an air conditioner controller unit is communicatively connected to the electrochromic window controller and the air conditioning system respectively, the air conditioner controller unit is controlled by the instruction of the electrochromic window controller to couple and control the air conditioning system. According to the result calculated by the control algorithm, the air conditioner is linked and controlled to determine whether to turn on the air conditioner and control the direction of the air outlet of the air conditioner.

[0082] Then, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer-executable instructions are stored, and when the executable instructions are executed by a processor, the above-mentioned multi-scenario control method for electrochromic windows based on indoor human body thermal comfort is implemented.

[0083] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-scenario control method, system, device, and medium for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort. First, the collected outdoor parameters (including the sun's position, solar radiation intensity, etc.), window parameters (including the window's size and orientation, etc.) and indoor personnel parameters (including the number and location of people) are input into the human solar radiation model to calculate the ΔMRT value (individual thermal radiation impact value) caused by solar radiation falling on indoor personnel. Then, according to different scenario categories, the corresponding thermal radiation evaluation benchmark is output. Next, the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark is compared with a pre-set safety threshold. If the threshold is exceeded, the transmittance of the electrochromic window under the safety threshold is calculated using the full-transparency virtual method. The setting is selected based on the calculated transmittance, and the air conditioner is turned on, with the air vents directed towards the window to reduce the temperature rise caused by the window surface absorbing infrared radiation. This also avoids the discomfort caused by cold air blowing directly on the human body, ensuring that the solar radiation intensity falling on the people indoors does not cause harm. If the calculated transmittance is lower than the highest transmittance setting, that is, even if the window transmittance is reduced to the lowest level, it is still not enough to reduce the ΔMRT caused by solar radiation falling on the human body below the threshold. In this case, reducing the transmittance cannot completely eliminate the thermal discomfort caused by solar radiation. Therefore, the air conditioner vents are directed towards the people indoors to eliminate the portion of ΔMRT caused by solar radiation that cannot be eliminated by reducing the window transmittance. Otherwise, the default transmittance setting will be maintained (i.e., a higher transmittance during the heating season and a lower transmittance during the cooling season).

[0084] Therefore, this invention provides a smart, efficient, and personalized transmittance control solution for electrochromic windows, offering advantages such as high adaptability, real-time optimization, precise control, user customization, energy saving and emission reduction, enhanced living experience, and ease of integration. It dynamically adjusts the transmittance of the electrochromic window based on real-time changes in the indoor and outdoor environment to ensure thermal comfort for occupants and maintain indoor comfort and energy efficiency. Furthermore, by optimizing air conditioning reliance, it significantly reduces energy consumption and carbon emissions. In addition, the ease of use and flexibility of the algorithm allow users to easily customize the color-changing levels to their personal preferences, and its close integration with intelligent building systems further enhances the quality of life and work efficiency of residents.

[0085] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0086] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the claims should be interpreted to include both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0087] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, then this invention should also include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A multi-scene control method for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort, characterized in that, include: Collect and process weather station data, window surface data, and indoor human distribution information to construct a perception dataset; Based on the sensing dataset, a multi-parameter coupled calculation involving solar incident azimuth deviation constraint and dynamic projection overlap is performed to obtain the direct radiation component. Then, based on selected window topology sampling points and human auxiliary points, a window spatial coupling analysis and dual spatial compensation calculation are performed to obtain the diffuse radiation component. The direct and diffuse radiation components are fused to obtain the individual thermal radiation impact value, including: matching the selected target window's azimuth attribute with the reference azimuth angle, calculating the incident azimuth deviation between the solar azimuth angle in the sensing dataset and the reference azimuth angle, and determining that direct solar radiation passes through the target when the incident azimuth deviation value is within a preset angle range. The window enters the room; the distance from the center of the human torso to the target window is corrected according to the preset sitting posture orientation offset, resulting in a dynamic distance correction value; based on the acquired dynamic distance correction value, incident azimuth deviation value, and window surface data of the target window, the projection area of ​​the human shadow on the window's reflective area is calculated. When the projection area overlaps with the window's reflective area, the effective exposure coefficient is calculated based on the overlap ratio; the effective radiation coefficient and sitting posture projection coefficient are obtained from a preset human thermophysiological parameter database, and coupled with the effective exposure coefficient, the current transmittance of the target window, and the intensity of direct sunlight, the direct solar radiation is calculated. Components; select spatial sampling points on the target window surface and auxiliary points on the human torso; based on the window data, calculate the vertical angles formed by the auxiliary points with the upper and lower boundaries of the target window, the horizontal angles formed with the left and right boundaries of the target window, and the vertical compensation angle formed with the outer extension of the window sill of the target window. Obtain the sky scattering visibility coefficient through spatial coupling analysis; introduce the linear attenuation factor and clear sky index, which characterize height and azimuth deviations, and perform dual spatial averaging calculations on the diffuse intensity of the acquired spatial sampling points and auxiliary points to obtain the actual intensity of diffuse radiation, combined with the effective radiation coefficient, The scattered radiation component is obtained by combining the sky scattering visibility coefficient and the current transmittance of the target window surface. The direct radiation component and the scattered radiation component are fused and standardized to output the individual thermal radiation impact value characterizing the change in thermal comfort. The dual spatial averaging calculation includes: performing a first-level spatial averaging calculation on the scattering intensity of the spatial sampling points, with the intensity of each spatial sampling point dynamically corrected by introducing a linear attenuation factor; in the second-level spatial averaging operation, the obtained first-level averaging result is performed at the auxiliary point level for second-level spatial averaging calculation, and the clear sky index is dynamically weighted to adjust the second-level spatial averaging calculation result. Based on the perception dataset, scene categories are determined. A thermal radiation evaluation benchmark is established using a combination of methods: direct individual value acquisition, worst-case point filtering, and matching with scene categories through the superposition of radiation field vectors in the personnel and / or window dimensions. This includes: when in a single-window, single-person scene, the individual thermal radiation impact value is directly used as the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark; when in a single-window, multi-person scene, the individual thermal radiation impact values ​​of all personnel are collected traversally, and the highest impact value is selected from the set of all individual thermal radiation impact values ​​as the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark; when in a multi-window, single-person scene, the thermal radiation impact value of the same individual under each window is obtained, and the result is accumulated along the window dimension to obtain the multi-window, single-person thermal radiation impact value; when in a multi-window, multi-person scene, the thermal radiation impact value of the same individual under each window is obtained, and the result is accumulated along the window dimension to obtain the multi-window, single-person thermal radiation impact value; the multi-window, single-person thermal radiation impact values ​​of all personnel are collected traversally, and the multi-window, single-person thermal radiation impact values ​​of all personnel are accumulated along the personnel dimension to generate the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark. If the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark exceeds the preset threshold, the required transmittance of the window surface is obtained by the full-transmittance radiation distribution method. The corresponding window surface is adjusted to the target transmission gradient according to the required transmittance. At the same time, based on the adjusted residual radiation intensity, the air conditioning system's airflow direction and / or power coupling control is selectively triggered.

2. The multi-scene control method for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort as described in claim 1, characterized in that, If the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark exceeds the preset threshold, the required transmittance of the window surface is calculated using the full-transmittance radiation distribution method. The corresponding window surface is then adjusted to the target transmission gradient according to the required transmittance. Simultaneously, based on the adjusted residual radiation intensity, the coupled control of the air conditioning system's airflow direction and / or power is selectively triggered, including: The real-time calculated thermal radiation evaluation benchmark is compared with the preset safety threshold. When the evaluation benchmark value is detected to exceed the safety threshold range, the minimum transmittance parameter required for the window to meet the safety threshold is obtained by inverting the radiation intensity under the virtual full-transparency state, and the required transmittance of the window is generated. If there are multiple windows, the window adjustment priority is generated according to the required transmittance value of each window. Compare the required transmittance of each window surface with the physical limit transmittance of the corresponding window surface. When the required transmittance of the window surface is greater than the physical limit transmittance of the corresponding window surface, a window surface status deficiency flag is generated and together with the window surface adjustment priority, they form a flag parameter set. Based on the transmittance requirement, each window is adjusted to the target transmittance gradient in sequence according to the window adjustment priority in the marked parameter set. At the same time, combined with the residual radiation intensity after transmittance adjustment, the air direction and / or power of the air conditioning system are coupled and controlled.

3. The multi-scene control method for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The coupled control of airflow direction and / or power of the air conditioning system, triggered by the residual radiation intensity after transmittance adjustment, includes: During window adjustment, the system monitors the insufficient window status indicator in real time. If there is no insufficient window status indicator, the air conditioner maintains the default window supply mode. The default window supply mode is defined as follows: the air supply angle and cooling / heating power are dynamically matched based on the real-time heat radiation intensity of the window surface, with the set space reference temperature as the control target. The adjustable range of the air supply angle is ±15° vertically and ±30° horizontally, and the cooling / heating power is continuously adjusted within the range of 30%-100% of the rated power. If at least one window state is insufficient, an air conditioning compensation command is generated by combining the residual radiation intensity after transmittance adjustment. According to the air conditioning compensation command, the air conditioning system connected to the communication link is driven to perform air supply direction adjustment and cooling / heating power matching control.

4. A multi-scene control system for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition and processing module is used to collect and process weather station data, window surface data, and indoor human distribution information to build a perception dataset. The radiation characterization module is used to perform multi-parameter coupled calculations based on the sensing dataset, constraining the solar incidence azimuth deviation and dynamically projecting to obtain the direct radiation component. It also performs window spatial coupling analysis and dual spatial compensation calculations based on selected window topology sampling points and human auxiliary points to obtain the scattered radiation component. Finally, it fuses the direct and scattered radiation components to obtain the individual thermal radiation impact value. This includes: matching the azimuth attribute of the selected target window with the reference azimuth angle, calculating the incidence azimuth deviation between the solar azimuth angle in the sensing dataset and the reference azimuth angle, and determining the solar incidence azimuth deviation value when it is within a preset angle range. Radiation enters the room through the target window. The distance from the center of the human torso to the target window is corrected based on a preset sitting posture orientation offset, resulting in a dynamic distance correction value. Based on the acquired dynamic distance correction value, incident azimuth deviation value, and window surface data, the projection area of ​​the human shadow on the window's reflective area is calculated. When the projection area overlaps with the window's reflective area, the effective exposure coefficient is calculated based on the overlap ratio. The effective radiation coefficient and sitting posture projection coefficient are obtained from a preset human thermophysiological parameter database and coupled with the effective exposure coefficient, the current transmittance of the target window, and the direct solar radiation intensity to calculate the solar radiation coefficient. The direct radiation component is determined by selecting spatial sampling points on the target window surface and auxiliary points on the human torso. Based on the window data, the vertical angles formed by the auxiliary points with the upper and lower boundaries of the target window, the horizontal angles formed with the left and right boundaries of the target window, and the vertical compensation angle formed with the outer extension of the window sill are calculated. The sky scattering visibility coefficient is obtained through spatial coupling analysis. A linear attenuation factor and a clear sky index, representing height and azimuth deviations, are introduced to perform a dual spatial averaging calculation on the diffuse intensity of the obtained spatial sampling points and auxiliary points to obtain the actual intensity of diffuse radiation. This is then combined with the effective radiation system. The scattered radiation component is obtained by taking the number of direct radiation components, the sky scattering visibility coefficient, and the current transmittance of the target window surface. The direct radiation component and the scattered radiation component are fused and standardized to output the individual thermal radiation impact value characterizing the change in thermal comfort. The dual spatial averaging calculation includes: performing a first-level spatial averaging calculation on the scattering intensity of the spatial sampling points, with the intensity of each spatial sampling point dynamically corrected by introducing a linear attenuation factor; in the second-level spatial averaging operation, the obtained first-level averaging result is performed at the auxiliary point level for second-level spatial averaging calculation, and the clear sky index is dynamically weighted to adjust the second-level spatial averaging calculation result. The benchmark determination module is used to determine the scene category based on the perception dataset. It establishes a thermal radiation evaluation benchmark by using methods such as direct individual value taking, worst-case point selection, and matching the scene category through the superposition of radiation field vectors in the personnel dimension and / or window dimension. Specifically: when in a single-window, single-person scene, the individual thermal radiation impact value is directly used as the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark for that scene; when in a single-window, multi-person scene, the individual thermal radiation impact values ​​of all personnel are collected traversally, and the worst-case point selection rule is used to select the most unfavorable point from the set of obtained individual thermal radiation impact values. High impact value is used as the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark for single-window multi-person scenarios. When a single person is in a multi-window scenario, the thermal radiation impact value of the same person under each window is obtained. By accumulating the values ​​across the window dimensions, the thermal radiation impact value of a single person in a multi-window scenario is obtained. When multiple people are in a multi-window scenario, the thermal radiation impact value of the same person under each window is obtained. By accumulating the values ​​across the window dimensions, the thermal radiation impact value of a single person in a multi-window scenario is obtained. The thermal radiation impact values ​​of all people in a multi-window scenario are collected in a traversal manner. In the personnel dimension, the thermal radiation impact values ​​of all people in a multi-window scenario are accumulated to generate a thermal radiation evaluation benchmark. The adjustment and linkage module is used to calculate the required transmittance of the window surface using the full-transmittance radiation distribution method when the thermal radiation evaluation benchmark exceeds the preset threshold. The module then adjusts the corresponding window surface to the target transmission gradient according to the required transmittance. At the same time, based on the adjusted residual radiation intensity, it selectively triggers the coupling control of the air conditioning system's airflow direction and / or power.

5. A multi-scene control device for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort, characterized in that, include: An electrochromic window controller for executing the multi-scene control method for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort as described in any one of claims 1-3; The data acquisition unit is connected to the electrochromic window controller. The data acquisition unit includes an outdoor meteorological data interface and an indoor sensor group. The indoor sensor group includes a human position detection radar and an indoor temperature sensor. In addition, the air conditioning controller unit is communicatively connected to the electrochromic window controller and the air conditioning system, respectively. The air conditioning controller unit is controlled by the instructions of the electrochromic window controller and coupled to control the air conditioning system.

6. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, characterized in that, When the executable instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the multi-scene control method for electrochromic windows based on indoor human thermal comfort as described in any one of claims 1-3.

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