Multifunctional fixture for friction welding of a drive shaft
By designing a multifunctional fixture, the problems of insufficient fixture adaptability and detection in friction welding of drive shafts were solved, achieving precise clamping and stable welding of drive shafts and ensuring welding quality.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HANGZHOU TENGLI TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing friction welding fixtures for drive shafts cannot adapt to drive shafts of different diameters, lack torque and axial pressure detection, and lack emergency protection devices, resulting in unstable welding quality.
A multifunctional clamp was designed, comprising a rotating wheel section and a clamping section. It clamps drive shafts of different diameters through a screw and a tensioning ring, and is equipped with a torque test structure and an axial pressure test structure. Automatic detection and emergency protection are achieved by using a pressure sensor and a lifting column.
It achieves precise clamping and stable welding of the drive shaft, and can automatically detect friction and axial pressure to avoid displacement and vibration during the welding process, thus ensuring welding quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN121267339B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of drive shaft welding technology, specifically a multifunctional fixture for friction welding of drive shafts. Background Technology
[0002] With the continuous development of industrial technology, increasingly higher requirements are being placed on the manufacturing precision and production efficiency of drive shafts. Welding, as a crucial connection process in drive shaft production, requires paramount quality control. Traditional welding methods often face numerous challenges when welding drive shafts. Friction welding technology, as an advanced solid-state welding method, is gradually gaining widespread application in drive shaft production. Compared with traditional welding processes, friction welding offers many significant advantages. During friction welding, heat is generated through friction between the workpieces, bringing the metal at the welding point to a plastic state, and then welding is achieved under upsetting pressure. This welding method effectively avoids welding defects such as porosity and cracks, resulting in high-quality, high-strength weld joints that well meet the requirements of drive shafts under complex operating conditions.
[0003] However, to fully leverage the advantages of friction welding technology in drive shaft production, specialized welding fixtures are indispensable. During friction welding, it is crucial to precisely control parameters such as the relative position, coaxiality, and stability of the welding components on the drive shaft. Without suitable welding fixtures, the drive shaft is prone to displacement, offset, or vibration during welding, leading to unstable welding quality and failing to guarantee the dimensional accuracy and geometric tolerances required for the drive shaft.
[0004] Patent publication number CN1872481A discloses a friction welding device, which consists of a bed, spindle box, welding bracket, main motor, main oil cylinder, rotary clamp, etc. The rotary clamp is connected to the front end of the spindle and is a self-centering three-jaw wedge type, which can clamp workpieces of different diameters by changing the jaw blocks.
[0005] Analysis of existing technologies reveals the following deficiencies in welding fixtures: 1. Rotary fixtures cannot accommodate drive shafts of different diameters; 2. There is a lack of detection of the torque on the drive shaft during friction welding, which can determine the magnitude of the friction force on the friction surface; 3. There is a lack of detection of the axial pressure on the drive shaft during friction welding, which can determine the magnitude of the pressure on the friction surface; 4. There is no emergency protection device when the friction force or axial pressure is too high. Summary of the Invention
[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multifunctional fixture for friction welding of drive shafts, which has the advantages of automatically detecting friction force and friction surface pressure, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background technology.
[0007] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A multifunctional clamp for friction welding of a drive shaft includes a rotating wheel, a tensioning ring, and a clamping part. The clamping part has multiple clamping blocks, and each clamping block has a corresponding screw inside. One end of the screw has a thread that meshes with the inside of the clamping block, and the other end has a bevel gear. The screw meshes with the tensioning ring via helical gears, wherein the axis of rotation of the tensioning ring is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of each bevel gear. The end of the rotating wheel is fitted inside the clamping part. The tensioning ring rotates between the end of the rotating wheel and the inside of the clamping part. Rotating any screw causes the tensioning ring to rotate, thereby causing all screws to rotate synchronously. Each clamping block slides uniformly inward or outward, thus clamping or releasing the drive shaft. The rotating wheel and the clamping part are connected by a torque testing structure, which includes: The inner protrusion is fixed at one end to the inside of the clamping part and the other end passes through the side opening on the side of the rotating part to connect to the inside of the rotating part. The torque meter is circumferentially arranged inside the rotating wheel section. Each torque meter is equipped with a push rod, and the other end of the push rod is slidably connected to an inner protrusion. When the rotating wheel section and the clamping section move relative to each other, the inner protrusion squeezes the pressure sensor inside the torque meter through the push rod.
[0008] Preferably, an axial pressure testing structure is also provided, the axial pressure testing structure including: The lifting column is provided with multiple lifting columns in the middle circumference of the tension ring and the rotating wheel. One end of each lifting column is slidably connected in the annular groove at the end of the rotating wheel, and the other end rests on the corresponding lifting groove on the tension ring. Each lifting groove is an arc-shaped groove concentric with the tension ring, and the bottom of the lifting groove is an inclined surface. When the tension ring rotates from the deep end of the lifting groove to the shallow end, the clamping block slides outward to release the drive shaft. The elastic column is located inside the clamping part, with one end pressing against the end of the rotating wheel and the other end connected to the clamping part by a spring. During friction welding, when the axial pressure on the drive shaft is too high, the clamping part moves towards the rotating wheel part to squeeze, reducing the gap between the rotating wheel part and the tension ring. The bottom of the lifting column squeezes the inclined surface in the lifting groove, causing the tension ring to rotate in the direction that loosens the clamping block, thereby automatically releasing the drive shaft when the axial pressure is too high.
[0009] Preferably, the rotation direction of the friction welding of the rotating wheel is consistent with the rotation direction of the tension ring when the clamping block slides outward. Thus, when the torque is too large, the rotating wheel will rotate relative to the clamping part in the direction of welding the drive shaft. When the rotating wheel rotates relative to the clamping part, it drives the tension ring to rotate through the lifting column, thereby causing the clamping block to loosen the drive shaft.
[0010] Preferably, the lifting column includes a rod seat and a slide rod. The rod seat slides within the annular groove. One end of the slide rod is slidably connected to the rod seat, and the other end rests against the lifting groove. A protrusion is provided at one end of the slide rod located on the rod seat. Multiple slots are provided around the circumference of the annular groove. Before friction welding, the axial pressure between the clamping part and the rotating wheel part is small, allowing the protrusion to be hidden within the rod seat. The rod seat can slide freely within the annular groove. When the clamping part drives the drive shaft to perform friction welding, the axial pressure between the clamping part and the rotating wheel part increases. The slide rod slides into the rod seat, and the protrusion is pushed outward and locked in the slot within the annular groove. This fixes the lifting column in a fixed position within the annular groove during welding. At this time, when the rotating wheel part moves relative to the clamping part, it drives the tension ring to rotate.
[0011] Preferably, the portion of the slide bar that is engaged within the rod seat is provided with a spring.
[0012] Preferably, the slot is interference-fitted with the protrusion, and the edges of the slot and the protrusion are chamfered.
[0013] Preferably, the height of the side opening exceeds the height of the inner protrusion, so that the rotating wheel and the clamping part will not be stuck by the inner protrusion when they slide relative to each other; the width of the side opening exceeds the width of the inner protrusion, so that the inner protrusion can also slide within the side opening when the rotating wheel and the clamping part rotate relative to each other.
[0014] Preferably, the inner protrusion is provided with a sliding groove, through which the push rod passes. The length of the sliding groove is greater than the diameter of the push rod, so that the push rod can slide horizontally in the sliding groove when the rotating wheel and the clamping part rotate relative to each other. The height of the sliding groove is greater than the diameter of the push rod, so that the push rod can also slide up and down in the sliding groove when the rotating wheel and the clamping part slide relative to each other.
[0015] Preferably, a limiting sleeve is provided on the top rod. The limiting sleeve is fixed on the top rod and fits against the side of the inner protrusion. When the clamping part drives the inner protrusion to rotate relative to the rotating wheel part, the inner protrusion presses against the limiting sleeve.
[0016] Preferably, the rotating wheel is fixed on a turntable, and the turntable is provided with gear teeth that mesh with the gear fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor. The drive motor drives the turntable to rotate, thereby driving the rotating wheel to rotate. Alternatively, the drive motor drives the rotating wheel to rotate through a belt and pulley.
[0017] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a multifunctional fixture for friction welding of drive shafts, which has the following advantages: 1. This multi-functional clamp for friction welding of drive shafts has multiple clamping blocks on the clamping part. The clamping blocks are connected to the screw by threads. The screw is equipped with a bevel gear that meshes with the tensioning ring. Rotating any screw can drive all the clamping blocks to slide inward or outward synchronously, thereby achieving the purpose of clamping drive shafts of different sizes.
[0018] 2. This multi-functional fixture for friction welding of drive shafts is divided into two parts: a rotating wheel part and a clamping part. The rotating wheel part is driven to rotate by a motor, and the clamping part is used to clamp the drive shaft. A torque testing structure is set between the rotating wheel part and the clamping part to detect the relative rotation between them. Under the action of friction force on the friction surface of the drive shaft, the clamping part will generate a force opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating wheel part, thereby causing the clamping part to deflect relative to the rotating wheel part. The inner protrusion is fixed on the inner side of the clamping part. When the clamping part deflects, the inner protrusion presses the top rod. The pressure sensor in the torque meter detects the relative torque between the rotating wheel part and the clamping part, thereby determining the magnitude of the friction force on the friction surface of the drive shaft.
[0019] 3. The multi-functional fixture for friction welding of the drive shaft has an axial pressure testing structure. Multiple lifting columns are set in the middle circumference between the tension ring and the rotating wheel. One end of each lifting column is slidably connected in the annular groove at the end of the rotating wheel, and the other end rests on the corresponding lifting groove on the tension ring. The bottom of the lifting groove is inclined. During friction welding, when the axial pressure on the drive shaft is too large, the clamping part moves towards the rotating wheel to squeeze, reducing the gap between the rotating wheel and the tension ring. The bottom of the lifting column squeezes the inclined surface in the lifting groove, causing the tension ring to rotate in the direction that loosens the clamping block, thereby automatically releasing the drive shaft when the axial pressure is too large.
[0020] 4. This multi-functional fixture for friction welding of the drive shaft divides the lifting column into a rod seat and a sliding rod. Before friction welding, the axial pressure between the clamping part and the rotating wheel part is small, allowing the protrusion to be hidden inside the rod seat. The rod seat can slide freely in the annular groove. When the clamping part drives the drive shaft for friction welding, the axial pressure between the clamping part and the rotating wheel part increases. The sliding rod slides into the rod seat, and the protrusion pushes outward and is stuck in the slot in the annular groove. This fixes the lifting column in a fixed position in the annular groove during welding. When the rotating wheel part moves relative to the clamping part, it drives the tension ring to rotate relative to the clamping part through the lifting column, causing the clamping block to slide outward and release the drive shaft. This achieves automatic release of the drive shaft when the torque between the rotating wheel part and the clamping part is too large. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping part of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tension ring and screw gripping transmission structure of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the back of the elastic ring of the present invention.
[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the torque meter testing connection structure of the present invention.
[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the rotating part of the present invention.
[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rotating part of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 9 This is an enlarged view of the torque meter inside the rotor section of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting column of the present invention.
[0031] Figure 11 This is an enlarged view of the structure inside the annular groove of the present invention.
[0032] In the diagram: 1. Rotating wheel; 2. Tensioning ring; 3. Clamping part; 11. Ring groove; 12. Side opening; 13. Torque meter; 14. Top rod; 141. Limiting sleeve; 21. Lifting groove; 22. Lifting column; 31. Clamping block; 32. Screw; 33. Elastic column; 34. Inner protrusion; 321. Bevel gear; 341. Slide groove; 111. Slot; 221. Rod seat; 222. Slide rod; 223. Protrusion. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.
[0035] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0036] Example 1: This embodiment provides a multifunctional fixture for friction welding of drive shafts, which has the following technical features.
[0037] Please see Figure 1-11 A multifunctional clamp for friction welding of a drive shaft includes a rotating wheel part 1, a tension ring 2, and a clamping part 3. The clamping part 3 is provided with multiple clamping blocks 31, and each clamping block 31 has a corresponding screw 32 inside it. One end of the screw 32 is provided with a thread that meshes with the clamping block 31, and the other end is provided with a bevel gear 321. The screw 32 meshes with the tension ring 2 via helical gears, wherein the axis of rotation of the tension ring 2 is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of each bevel gear 321. The end of the rotating wheel part 1 is sleeved inside the clamping part 3. The tension ring 2 is positioned between the end of the rotating wheel part 1 and the inside of the clamping part 3 and rotates. Rotating any screw 32 drives the tension ring 2 to rotate, thereby causing all screws 32 to rotate synchronously. Each clamping block 31 slides uniformly inward or outward to clamp or release the drive shaft. The rotating wheel part 1 and the clamping part 3 are connected together by a torque testing structure, which includes: The inner protrusion 34 has one end fixed to the inside of the clamping part 3 and the other end passing through the side opening 12 on the side of the rotating part 1 to connect to the inside of the rotating part 1. The torque meter 13 is circumferentially arranged inside the rotating wheel part 1. Each torque meter 13 is provided with a push rod 14. The other end of the push rod 14 is slidably connected to the inner protrusion 34. When the rotating wheel part 1 and the clamping part 3 move relative to each other, the inner protrusion 34 squeezes the pressure sensor inside the torque meter 13 through the push rod 14.
[0038] In an optional embodiment, an axial pressure testing structure is further provided, the axial pressure testing structure including: The lifting column 22 is provided with multiple lifting columns 22 on the circumference between the tension ring 2 and the rotating wheel 1. One end of each lifting column 22 is slidably connected in the annular groove 11 at the end of the rotating wheel 1, and the other end is pushed against the corresponding lifting groove 21 on the tension ring 2. Each lifting groove 21 is an arc-shaped groove concentric with the tension ring 2, and the bottom of the lifting groove 21 is an inclined surface. When the tension ring 2 rotates from the deep end of the lifting groove 21 to the shallow end, the clamping block 31 slides outward to release the transmission shaft. The elastic column 33 is set inside the clamping part 3, with one end pressing against the end of the rotating wheel part 1 and the other end connected to the clamping part 3 by a spring. During friction welding, when the axial pressure on the drive shaft is too high, the clamping part 3 moves towards the rotating wheel part 1 to squeeze, reducing the gap between the rotating wheel part 1 and the tension ring 2. The bottom of the lifting column 22 squeezes the inclined surface in the lifting groove 21, causing the tension ring 2 to rotate in the direction that loosens the clamping block 31, thereby automatically releasing the drive shaft when the axial pressure is too high.
[0039] In an optional embodiment, the rotation direction of the friction welding of the rotating wheel 1 is consistent with the rotation direction of the tension ring 2 when the clamping block 31 slides outward. Thus, when the torque is too large, the rotating wheel 1 will rotate relative to the clamping part 3 in the direction of welding the drive shaft. When the rotating wheel 1 rotates relative to the clamping part 3, it drives the tension ring 2 to rotate through the lifting column 22, thereby causing the clamping block 31 to loosen the drive shaft.
[0040] In an optional embodiment, the lifting column 22 includes a rod seat 221 and a slide rod 222. The rod seat 221 slides within the annular groove 11. One end of the slide rod 222 is slidably connected within the rod seat 221, and the other end rests against the lifting groove 21. A protrusion 223 is provided at one end of the slide rod 222 located within the rod seat 221. Multiple slots 111 are provided circumferentially within the annular groove 11. Before friction welding, the axial pressure between the clamping part 3 and the rotating wheel part 1 decreases. The protrusion 223 is hidden inside the rod seat 221, and the rod seat 221 can slide freely in the annular groove 11. When the clamping part 3 drives the transmission shaft to perform friction welding, the axial pressure between the clamping part 3 and the rotating wheel part 1 increases, the slide rod 222 slides into the rod seat 221, and the protrusion 223 pushes outward into the slot 111 in the annular groove 11, so that the lifting column 22 is fixed in a fixed position in the annular groove 11 during welding. At this time, when the rotating wheel part 1 moves relative to the clamping part 3, it will drive the tension ring 2 to rotate.
[0041] In an optional embodiment, the portion of the slide bar 222 that is engaged within the rod seat 221 is provided with a spring.
[0042] In an optional embodiment, the slot 111 interferes with the protrusion 223, and the edges of the slot 111 and the protrusion 223 are chamfered.
[0043] In an optional embodiment, the height of the side opening 12 exceeds the height of the inner protrusion 34, so that the rotating wheel 1 and the clamping part 3 will not be stuck by the inner protrusion 34 when they slide relative to each other; the width of the side opening 12 exceeds the width of the inner protrusion 34, so that the inner protrusion 34 can also slide within the side opening 12 when the rotating wheel 1 and the clamping part 3 rotate relative to each other.
[0044] In an optional embodiment, the inner protrusion 34 is provided with a sliding groove 341, through which the push rod 14 passes. The length of the sliding groove 341 is greater than the diameter of the push rod 14, so that the push rod 14 can slide horizontally within the sliding groove 341 when the rotating wheel part 1 and the clamping part 3 rotate relative to each other. The height of the sliding groove 341 is greater than the diameter of the push rod 14, so that the push rod 14 can also slide up and down within the sliding groove 341 when the rotating wheel part 1 and the clamping part 3 slide relative to each other.
[0045] In an optional embodiment, a limiting sleeve 141 is provided on the top rod 14. The limiting sleeve 141 is fixed on the top rod 14 and fits against the side of the inner protrusion 34. When the clamping part 3 drives the inner protrusion 34 to rotate relative to the rotating wheel part 1, the inner protrusion 34 presses against the limiting sleeve 141.
[0046] In an optional embodiment, the rotating wheel 1 is fixed on a turntable, and the turntable is provided with gear teeth that mesh with the gear fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor. The drive motor drives the turntable to rotate, thereby driving the rotating wheel 1 to rotate. Alternatively, the drive motor drives the rotating wheel 1 to rotate via a belt and pulley.
[0047] In summary, this multi-functional fixture for friction welding of drive shafts, by setting multiple clamping blocks 31 on the clamping part 3, the clamping blocks 31 are connected to the screw 32 by threads, and the screw 32 is provided with a bevel gear 321 that meshes with the tensioning ring 2. Rotating any screw 32 can drive all the clamping blocks 31 to slide inward or outward synchronously, thereby achieving the purpose of clamping drive shafts of different sizes.
[0048] This multi-functional fixture for friction welding of drive shafts is divided into two parts: a rotating wheel part 1 and a clamping part 3. The rotating wheel part 1 is driven to rotate by a motor, and the clamping part 3 is used to clamp the drive shaft. A torque testing structure is set between the rotating wheel part 1 and the clamping part 3 to detect the relative rotation between them. Under the action of friction force on the friction surface of the drive shaft, the clamping part 3 will generate a force opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating wheel part 1, thereby causing the clamping part 3 to deflect relative to the rotating wheel part 1. The inner protrusion 34 is fixed inside the clamping part 3. When the clamping part 3 deflects, the inner protrusion 34 presses the push rod 14. The pressure sensor in the torque meter 13 detects the relative torque between the rotating wheel part 1 and the clamping part 3, thereby determining the magnitude of the friction force on the friction surface of the drive shaft.
[0049] This multi-functional fixture for friction welding of drive shafts features an axial pressure testing structure. Multiple lifting columns 22 are arranged around the circumference between the tension ring 2 and the rotating wheel 1. One end of each lifting column 22 is slidably connected to the annular groove 11 at the end of the rotating wheel 1, and the other end rests against the corresponding lifting groove 21 on the tension ring 2. The bottom of the lifting groove 21 is inclined. During friction welding, when the axial pressure on the drive shaft is too high, the clamping part 3 moves towards the rotating wheel 1, squeezing and reducing the gap between the rotating wheel 1 and the tension ring 2. The bottom of the lifting column 22 presses against the inclined surface in the lifting groove 21, causing the tension ring 2 to rotate in the direction that loosens the clamping block 31, thus automatically releasing the drive shaft when the axial pressure is too high.
[0050] This multi-functional fixture for friction welding of the drive shaft divides the lifting column 22 into a rod seat 221 and a sliding rod 222. Before friction welding, the axial pressure between the clamping part 3 and the rotating wheel part 1 is small, so that the protrusion 223 is hidden in the rod seat 221 and the rod seat 221 can slide freely in the annular groove 11. When the clamping part 3 drives the drive shaft to perform friction welding, the axial pressure between the clamping part 3 and the rotating wheel part 1 increases, the sliding rod 222 slides into the rod seat 221, and the protrusion 223 pushes outward and is stuck in the slot 111 in the annular groove 11, so that the lifting column 22 is fixed in a fixed position in the annular groove 11 during welding. At this time, when the rotating wheel part 1 moves relative to the clamping part 3, it will drive the tension ring 2 to rotate relative to the clamping part 3 through the lifting column 22, so that the clamping block 31 slides outward to release the drive shaft, realizing automatic release of the drive shaft when the torque between the rotating wheel part 1 and the clamping part 3 is too large.
[0051] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
[0052] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A multifunctional fixture for friction welding of drive shafts, comprising a rotating wheel (1), a tensioning ring (2), and a clamping part (3), characterized in that: The clamping part (3) is provided with a plurality of clamping blocks (31), and a corresponding screw (32) is provided inside each clamping block (31). One end of the screw (32) is provided with a thread that meshes with the clamping block (31), and the other end is provided with a bevel gear (321). The screw (32) meshes with the tension ring (2) through the bevel gear (321). The end of the rotating wheel part (1) is sleeved inside the clamping part (3), and the tension ring (2) is positioned between the end of the rotating wheel part (1) and the inside of the clamping part (3) and rotates. The rotating wheel (1) and the clamping part (3) are connected together by a torque testing structure, which includes: The inner protrusion (34) is fixed at one end to the inside of the clamping part (3) and the other end passes through the side opening (12) on the side of the rotating part (1) and connects to the inside of the rotating part (1); A torque meter (13) is circumferentially arranged inside the rotating wheel part (1). Each torque meter (13) is equipped with a push rod (14). The other end of the push rod (14) is slidably connected to the inner protrusion (34). When the rotating wheel part (1) and the clamping part (3) move relative to each other, the inner protrusion (34) squeezes the pressure sensor inside the torque meter (13) through the push rod (14). An axial pressure testing structure is also provided, which includes: Lifting column (22), multiple lifting columns (22) are provided on the circumference between the tension ring (2) and the rotating wheel (1). One end of each lifting column (22) is slidably connected in the annular groove (11) at the end of the rotating wheel (1), and the other end is pushed against the corresponding lifting groove (21) on the tension ring (2). Each lifting groove (21) is an arc-shaped groove concentric with the tension ring (2), and the bottom of the lifting groove (21) is an inclined surface. When the tension ring (2) rotates from the deep end of the lifting groove (21) to the shallow end, the clamping block (31) slides outward to release the transmission shaft. The elastic column (33) is set inside the clamping part (3), with one end pressing against the end of the rotating wheel part (1) and the other end connected to the clamping part (3) by a spring; During friction welding, when the axial pressure on the drive shaft is too high, the clamping part (3) moves and squeezes towards the rotating wheel part (1), reducing the gap between the rotating wheel part (1) and the tension ring (2). The bottom of the lifting column (22) squeezes the inclined surface in the lifting groove (21), causing the tension ring (2) to rotate in the direction that loosens the clamping block (31), thereby automatically releasing the drive shaft when the axial pressure is too high.
2. The multifunctional fixture for friction welding of drive shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotation direction of the friction welding of the rotating wheel part (1) is consistent with the rotation direction of the tension ring (2) when the clamping block (31) slides outward. Therefore, when the torque is too large, the rotating wheel part (1) will rotate relative to the clamping part (3) in the direction of welding the transmission shaft. When the rotating wheel part (1) rotates relative to the clamping part (3), it drives the tension ring (2) to rotate through the lifting column (22), thereby causing the clamping block (31) to loosen the transmission shaft.
3. The multifunctional fixture for friction welding of drive shafts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting column (22) includes a rod seat (221) and a slide rod (222). The rod seat (221) slides in the annular groove (11). One end of the slide rod (222) is slidably connected in the rod seat (221) and the other end is pushed against the lifting groove (21). A protrusion (223) is provided at one end of the slide rod (222) located in the rod seat (221). Multiple slots (111) are provided around the inner circumference of the annular groove (11). Before friction welding, the axial pressure between the clamping part (3) and the rotating wheel part (1) is small, so that the protrusion (223) is hidden in the rod seat (221) and the rod seat (221) can slide freely in the annular groove (11). When the clamping part (3) drives the transmission shaft to perform friction welding, the axial pressure between the clamping part (3) and the rotating wheel part (1) increases, the slide rod (222) slides into the rod seat (221), and the protrusion (223) pushes outward into the slot (111) in the annular groove (11), so that the lifting column (22) is fixed in the fixed position in the annular groove (11) during welding. At this time, when the rotating wheel part (1) moves relative to the clamping part (3), it will drive the tension ring (2) to rotate.
4. A multifunctional fixture for friction welding of a transmission shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that, The portion of the slide bar (222) that is engaged within the rod seat (221) is equipped with a spring.
5. A multifunctional fixture for friction welding of a drive shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slot (111) is interference-fitted to the protrusion (223), and the edges of the slot (111) and the protrusion (223) are chamfered.
6. A multifunctional fixture for friction welding of a transmission shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that, The height of the side opening (12) exceeds the height of the inner protrusion (34), so that the wheel part (1) and the clamping part (3) will not be stuck by the inner protrusion (34) when they slide relative to each other; The width of the side opening (12) exceeds the width of the inner protrusion (34), so that the inner protrusion (34) can also slide within the side opening (12) when the rotating part (1) and the clamping part (3) rotate relative to each other.
7. A multifunctional fixture for friction welding of a drive shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner protrusion (34) is provided with a sliding groove (341), the push rod (14) passes through the sliding groove (341), the length of the sliding groove (341) is greater than the diameter of the push rod (14), so that the push rod (14) can slide horizontally in the sliding groove (341) when the rotating wheel part (1) and the clamping part (3) rotate relative to each other; The height of the groove (341) is greater than the diameter of the push rod (14), so that when the rotating wheel part (1) and the clamping part (3) slide relative to each other, the push rod (14) can also slide up and down in the groove (341).
8. A multifunctional fixture for friction welding of a drive shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that, A limiting sleeve (141) is provided on the top rod (14). The limiting sleeve (141) is fixed on the top rod (14) and fits against the side of the inner protrusion (34). When the clamping part (3) drives the inner protrusion (34) to rotate relative to the rotating wheel part (1), the inner protrusion (34) presses against the limiting sleeve (141).
9. A multifunctional fixture for friction welding of a transmission shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotating wheel (1) is fixed on the turntable, which is provided with gear teeth that mesh with the gear fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor. The drive motor drives the turntable to rotate, thereby driving the rotating wheel (1) to rotate. Alternatively, the drive motor drives the rotating wheel (1) to rotate through the belt and pulley.