A wind turbine main shaft brake locking device and method capable of automatic locking

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic locking device and method for the main shaft brake of a wind turbine. The device includes a pin hole on the main shaft of the wind turbine, with a limiting member located on the windward side of the pin hole at its lower edge along the rotation direction. The limiting member is directly fixedly connected to the main shaft. It also includes a locking pin sleeve retractably connected to a bearing housing, containing a retractable locking pin that can move in or out of the pin hole. The guiding action of the limiting member achieves automatic alignment between the locking pin and the pin hole, eliminating the need for repeated manual adjustments or waiting for the main shaft to rotate to a specific position, significantly reducing locking operation time. The dimensional fit and collinear design of the semi-cylindrical ring and the locking pin sleeve enable automatic locking between the locking pin and the pin hole, eliminating the need for repeated manual adjustments or waiting for the main shaft to rotate to a specific position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a wind turbine main shaft brake locking device and method capable of automatic locking, belonging to the field of wind turbine technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of the wind power industry and the rapid increase in installed capacity, when a wind turbine malfunctions or requires component replacement during operation, maintenance personnel or specialized technicians need to enter the top of the turbine tower, and if necessary, the hub. In such cases, the turbine's main shaft must be stopped before safe operation can proceed inside the nacelle or hub. For semi-direct-drive wind turbines, a common method currently used is to use a locking pin. Operators actively observe the alignment of the locking pin with the main shaft pin hole during rotation. When the outer ring of the locking pin is within the outer ring of the pin hole, a friction brake is applied to stop the main shaft. Then, a locking pin selection and locking device is used to engage the locking pin in the pin hole, achieving the ultimate locking and braking of the main shaft.

[0003] Currently, during operation, if the spindle pin hole rotates beyond the allowable alignment range of the locking pin, the locking pin cannot be engaged. The operator must wait for the spindle to rotate to the next pin hole position under wind load or its own inertia before continuing the operation. This method may require multiple attempts and multiple operators, wasting operation time. An improvement to this method is to replace the locking pin with a tapered one, increasing the allowable alignment range between the locking pin and the pin hole. However, this method still requires operators to constantly observe the pin hole position, and there is still a high probability of failure to align on the first attempt, wasting operation time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a wind turbine main shaft brake locking device that can automatically lock in place, so that when the main shaft rotates to the vicinity of the pin hole, there is no need to manually observe and align the locking pin and the pin hole. The locking pin and the pin hole can be automatically locked in place, and the locking pin can be engaged into the pin hole.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A wind turbine main shaft brake locking device capable of automatic locking is characterized in that: it includes a pin hole opened on the wind turbine main shaft, a limiting member is provided on the windward side of the pin hole, the limiting member is located on the lower edge of the pin hole along the rotation direction, and the limiting member is directly fixedly connected to the main shaft; it also includes a locking pin sleeve that is telescopically connected to a bearing seat, the locking pin sleeve is provided with a telescopic locking pin, and the locking pin can enter or exit the pin hole by telescopic movement.

[0006] Alternatively, the limiting member includes a semi-cylindrical ring, the axis of which is collinear with the axis of the pin hole, and the semi-cylindrical ring is located below the pin hole along the rotation direction; the inner contour radius of the inner diameter of the semi-cylindrical ring is consistent with the outer contour radius of the locking pin sleeve, and the outer circular surface of the locking pin sleeve can fit against the inner diameter of the semi-cylindrical ring.

[0007] Alternatively, the inner wall of the semi-cylindrical ring is provided with an elastic support, the elastic support is a semi-cylindrical structure, the outer wall of the elastic support fits with the inner diameter of the semi-cylindrical ring, and the inner wall of the elastic support is provided with a protective gasket.

[0008] Alternatively, the downwind end of the pin hole is a conical hole structure, and the upwind end of the locking pin is a conical surface structure, wherein the taper of the conical surface structure is consistent with the taper of the conical hole structure.

[0009] Alternatively, a friction plate is provided at the top of the windward side of the locking pin, the friction plate is fixed to the top of the locking pin by bolts, and the outer contour of the friction plate is adapted to the outer contour of the top of the locking pin; or, a friction plate is provided on the leeward side of the main shaft, the friction plate being located on the upper side of the locking pin along the rotation direction.

[0010] Alternatively, a main shaft brake is provided on the side of the bearing housing, with the braking end of the main shaft brake facing the main shaft of the wind turbine, and the braking direction of the main shaft brake being perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft of the wind turbine.

[0011] Alternatively, the locking pin sleeve and the bearing housing are connected by a first threaded pair, which is located between the outer wall of the locking pin sleeve and the inner wall of the bearing housing. The locking pin sleeve can extend and retract along the axial direction of the first threaded pair, and the axis of the locking pin sleeve is parallel to the axis of the pin hole. The locking pin and the locking pin sleeve are connected by a second threaded pair, which is located between the outer wall of the locking pin and the inner wall of the locking pin sleeve. The locking pin can extend and retract along the axial direction of the second threaded pair, and the axis of the locking pin coincides with the axis of the locking pin sleeve.

[0012] A method for automatically locking the main shaft brake of a wind turbine generator, employing the automatically locking wind turbine generator main shaft brake locking device described above, is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Extend the locking pin sleeve toward the main shaft, and simultaneously drive the locking pin to approach the pin hole; S2. As the main shaft of the wind turbine rotates, the locking pin sleeve moves toward the limiting part until the locking pin sleeve contacts the limiting part, realizing the automatic locking of the locking pin sleeve and the main shaft. At this time, the locking pin is aligned with the pin hole. S3. Activate the main shaft brake so that the braking end of the main shaft brake contacts the main shaft of the wind turbine and brakes the main shaft of the wind turbine until the main shaft of the wind turbine and the bearing housing remain relatively stationary. S4. Extend the locking pin toward the pin hole until the locking pin enters the pin hole, thus completing the brake locking of the wind turbine main shaft.

[0013] Alternatively, after the locking pin extends, the end of the locking pin first contacts the friction plate of the main shaft, or the friction plate at the end of the locking pin first contacts the main shaft and generates relative friction to achieve deceleration, and then continues to move towards the limiting member; Alternatively, in step S4, when the locking pin extends into the pin hole, the conical structure of the locking pin first guides and engages with the conical structure of the pin hole. The coaxiality deviation between the locking pin and the pin hole is corrected by the self-positioning of the conical surface. The locking pin continues to extend into the pin hole until the locking pin is fully inserted into the pin hole and the two are locked together.

[0014] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides an automatic locking device and method for the main shaft brake of a wind turbine. The size matching and collinear design of the semi-cylindrical ring and the locking pin sleeve enable automatic locking of the locking pin and the pin hole, eliminating the need for repeated manual adjustments or waiting for the main shaft to rotate to a specific position. The double threaded pair drives the precise extension and retraction of the locking pin sleeve and the locking pin respectively. Combined with the self-correction function of the conical surface and conical hole, it ensures that the locking pin can smoothly enter the locking hole to complete the locking. The entire process can be operated by a single person, which greatly shortens the operation time of main shaft brake locking, significantly improves the operation efficiency and automation level, and completely avoids the impact of human error on the locking success rate. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the wind turbine main shaft brake locking device.

[0016] Figure 2 This is an axial schematic diagram.

[0017] Figure 3-7 This is a diagram of the brake locking process.

[0018] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment with elastic support and tapered hole structure. The markings in the diagram are: 1-spindle, 2-pin hole, 3-locking pin, 4-locking pin sleeve, 5-semi-cylindrical ring, 6-elastic support, 7-protective pad, 8-friction plate, 9-spindle brake, 10-first threaded pair, 11-second threaded pair, 12-bearing seat. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0021] A wind turbine main shaft brake locking device capable of automatic locking, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, it includes a pin hole 2 opened on the main shaft 1 of the wind turbine, and a limiting member is provided on the downwind side of the pin hole 2. The limiting member is located on the lower edge of the pin hole 2 along the rotation direction and is directly fixedly connected to the main shaft 1. It also includes a locking pin 3 sleeve that is telescopically connected to the bearing seat 12. The locking pin 3 sleeve is provided with a telescopic locking pin 3, which can enter or exit the pin hole 2 by telescopic movement.

[0022] The pin hole 2 serves as the final locking point for the locking pin 3, rotating synchronously with the main shaft 1 to provide the foundation for locking. The limiting component, located on the downwind side of the pin hole 2 and along the lower edge of the rotation direction, naturally guides the locking pin 3 along its trajectory as the main shaft 1 rotates, physically constraining the position of the locking pin 3 and achieving precise alignment between the locking pin 3 and the pin hole 2. The retractable connection between the locking pin 3 and the bearing seat 12 directly drives the locking pin 3 closer to or further away from the main shaft 1, completing the locking and unlocking operations by extending or retracting into or out of the pin hole 2. This solution utilizes the guiding effect of the limiting component to achieve automatic alignment between the locking pin 3 and the pin hole 2, eliminating the need for repeated manual adjustments or waiting for the main shaft 1 to rotate to a specific position, significantly shortening the locking operation time. The retractable connection between the locking pin 3 sleeve and the bearing seat 12 allows the locking pin 3 to move closer to or further away from the main shaft 1, while the extension and retraction of the locking pin 3 itself completes the final locking or unlocking action. The rotation of spindle 1 drives the rotation of spindle 1 and the limiting component. When the locking pin 3 sleeve extends and approaches spindle 1, the limiting component naturally guides the locking pin 3 sleeve towards the pin hole 2 as spindle 1 rotates, until the locking pin 3 sleeve contacts the limiting component, achieving automatic locking. At this point, the locking pin 3 is precisely aligned with the pin hole 2, and the spindle 1 is locked by extending the locking pin 3 into the pin hole 2. The two-stage telescopic design of the locking pin 3 sleeve and the locking pin 3 allows locking and locking to be performed step by step, improving the stability and reliability of operation. Preferably, the limiting component can be integrally manufactured with spindle 1, and the two belong to the same integral structure. The force transmission path is direct and continuous, and stress concentration will not occur at the connection point, resulting in stronger overall rigidity. In addition, the limiting component can also be directly connected to spindle 1 through a connector.

[0023] In another specific implementation, the limiting component includes a semi-cylindrical ring 5, the axis of which is collinear with the axis of the pin hole 2, and the semi-cylindrical ring 5 is located below the pin hole 2 along the rotation direction. During the rotation of the main shaft 1, the locking pin 3 sleeve is naturally and gradually supported by the semi-cylindrical ring 5, achieving coaxial alignment between the locking pin 3 sleeve and the pin hole 2 through progressive contact of the arc-shaped surface. The collinear design ensures that, during final locking, the axis of the locking pin 3 sleeve strictly coincides with the axis of the pin hole 2, providing a precise positioning basis for the subsequent smooth entry of the locking pin 3 into the lock hole.

[0024] In another specific implementation, the inner contour radius of the semi-cylindrical ring 5 is consistent with the outer contour radius of the locking pin 3 sleeve, and the outer circular surface of the locking pin 3 sleeve can fit against the inner diameter of the semi-cylindrical ring 5. When the locking pin 3 sleeve moves along the inner wall of the semi-cylindrical ring 5, the gapless surface contact can prevent the locking pin 3 sleeve from radially shifting or wobbling during the guiding process, ensuring that the locking pin 3 sleeve always moves along a trajectory coaxial with the pin hole 2. Structurally, this eliminates alignment errors caused by dimensional deviations, providing a core guarantee for the subsequent precise entry of the locking pin 3 into the pin hole 2. At the same time, the complete surface fit can also disperse the pressure generated when the two are in contact, avoiding local stress concentration that could cause component wear or deformation, and extending the service life of the device.

[0025] In another specific embodiment, an elastic support 6 is provided on the inner wall of the semi-cylindrical ring 5. The elastic support 6 has a semi-cylindrical structure, and its outer wall fits against the inner diameter of the semi-cylindrical ring 5. A protective gasket 7 is provided on the inner wall of the elastic support 6. The elasticity of the elastic support 6 allows it to deform during the contact between the locking pin 3 sleeve and the semi-cylindrical ring 5. Its elasticity buffers the impact force generated during contact, preventing component deformation or surface damage caused by rigid collisions, and reducing vibration at the moment of contact, making the locking process smoother. The protective gasket 7 directly contacts the outer surface of the locking pin 3 sleeve. Its material has good wear resistance and smoothness, which reduces frictional loss between the locking pin 3 sleeve and the elastic support 6 during movement, protecting the elastic material from long-term frictional damage, and also reduces contact resistance.

[0026] As another specific implementation, the wind turbine main shaft 1 is provided with multiple pin holes 2. When the multiple pin holes 2 rotate synchronously with the main shaft 1, they can provide more frequent locking opportunities during the rotation of the main shaft 1, avoiding the situation where the pin hole 2 has to complete a full rotation due to missing a single locking point, and greatly shortening the waiting time for locking operation.

[0027] In another specific implementation, the downwind end of the pin hole 2 has a conical hole structure, and the upwind end of the locking pin 3 has a conical surface structure, with the taper of the conical surface structure matching the taper of the conical hole structure. When the locking pin 3 extends into the pin hole 2, the conical surface first contacts the inner wall of the conical hole. Utilizing the natural guiding property of the conical surface, even if there is a slight coaxiality deviation between the locking pin 3 and the locking hole, the position can be automatically corrected by the interaction force of the inclined surfaces, guiding the locking pin 3 smoothly into the locking hole. This avoids jamming or stuck due to deviation, reducing the extreme dependence on the accuracy of the initial automatic locking. Furthermore, after the locking pin 3 is fully inserted, a large area of ​​tight fit is formed, and the wedge-tightening effect of the conical surface enhances the locking firmness.

[0028] In another specific implementation, a friction plate 8 is provided at the top of the locking pin 3 on the windward side. The friction plate 8 is fixed to the top of the locking pin 3 by bolts, and the outer contour of the friction plate 8 is adapted to the outer contour of the top of the locking pin 3. Alternatively, a friction plate 8 is provided on the leeward side of the main shaft 1, and the friction plate 8 is located above the pin hole 2 along the rotation direction. When the sleeve of the locking pin 3 drives the locking pin 3 closer to the main shaft 1, the frictional resistance can gradually reduce the rotational speed of the main shaft 1 during the automatic locking stage, making the relative movement of the semi-cylindrical ring 5 guiding the sleeve of the locking pin 3 during locking smoother, reducing contact impact, and improving locking accuracy. At the same time, the reduced rotational speed in advance also reduces the braking load of the subsequent main shaft brake 9 and extends the service life of the brake.

[0029] In another specific implementation, a main shaft brake 9 is provided on the side of the bearing housing 12. The braking end of the main shaft brake 9 is positioned facing the wind turbine main shaft 1, and the braking direction of the main shaft brake 9 is perpendicular to the axis of the wind turbine main shaft 1. The pressure in the vertical direction can be converted into maximized frictional resistance, effectively hindering the rotation of the main shaft 1 and quickly braking the main shaft 1 from its low-speed state after locking to a complete stop, providing a stable stationary foundation for the subsequent entry of the locking pin 3 into the pin hole 2. The semi-cylindrical ring 5 achieves precise locking, the friction plate 8 completes pre-deceleration, and the brake undertakes the final strong braking, stabilizing the main shaft 1 in a stationary state. Finally, the locking pin 3 enters the locking hole to achieve mechanical locking.

[0030] In another specific embodiment, the locking pin 3 sleeve is connected to the bearing seat 12 via a first threaded joint 10. The first threaded joint 10 is located between the outer wall of the locking pin 3 sleeve and the inner wall of the bearing seat 12. The locking pin 3 sleeve can extend and retract along the axial direction of the first threaded joint 10, and the axis of the locking pin 3 sleeve is parallel to the axis of the pin hole 2. The locking pin 3 sleeve can move smoothly along the axial direction through rotational drive, and the extension and retraction can be precisely controlled through the helical transmission of the thread, ensuring that when the locking pin 3 sleeve extends towards the main shaft 1, it can gradually approach the target position without colliding with the main shaft 1 due to excessive speed or excessive movement. The parallel axial relationship ensures that it always moves in the direction towards the pin hole 2, and the guide trajectory of the locking pin 3 sleeve and the semi-cylindrical ring 5 will not deviate due to axial offset.

[0031] In another specific embodiment, the locking pin 3 and the locking pin 3 sleeve are connected by a second threaded joint 11. The second threaded joint 11 is located between the outer wall of the locking pin 3 and the inner wall of the locking pin 3 sleeve. The locking pin 3 can extend and retract along the axial direction of the second threaded joint 11, and the axis of the locking pin 3 coincides with the axis of the locking pin 3 sleeve. The self-locking performance of the threaded joint prevents the locking pin 3 from retracting itself after it is fully inserted into the lock hole, thus enhancing the stability of the lock. Coaxial extension and retraction ensure that the locking pin 3 can smoothly fit into the tapered hole structure of the pin hole 2, and the consistent taper design achieves a tight lock.

[0032] A method for automatically locking the main shaft 1 of a wind turbine generator, employing the automatically locking brake locking device for the main shaft 1 of the wind turbine generator as described above, such as... Figure 3-8 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1. Extend the sleeve of locking pin 3 toward the main shaft 1, and simultaneously drive locking pin 3 to approach pin hole 2; S2. As the main shaft 1 of the wind turbine rotates, the sleeve of the locking pin 3 moves toward the limiting part until the sleeve of the locking pin 3 contacts the limiting part, thereby realizing the automatic locking of the sleeve of the locking pin 3 and the main shaft 1. At this time, the locking pin 3 is aligned with the pin hole 2. S3. Activate the main shaft brake 9 to make the braking end of the main shaft brake 9 contact the wind turbine main shaft 1 and brake the wind turbine main shaft 1 until the wind turbine main shaft 1 and the bearing housing 12 remain relatively stationary. S4. Extend the locking pin 3 toward the pin hole 2 until the locking pin 3 enters the pin hole 2, thus completing the brake locking of the wind turbine main shaft 1.

[0033] S1 involves extending the sleeve of locking pin 3 to bring it closer to pin hole 2, providing an initial positional basis for subsequent locking and ensuring that locking pin 3 enters the range where it can cooperate with the limiting component. S2 utilizes the rotational power of the wind turbine main shaft 1 to allow the sleeve of locking pin 3 to move naturally along the end face of the limiting component and eventually contact it. Automatic locking is achieved through the guiding characteristics of the mechanical structure, eliminating the need for manual judgment of the alignment between locking pin 3 and the locking hole. S3 uses the main shaft brake 9 to brake the main shaft 1 to a standstill, eliminating interference from rotational state on the final locking. S4 involves locking pin 3 extending into the locking hole to complete mechanical locking, ensuring the main shaft 1 remains stable and stationary. First, S1 brings locking pin 3 close to the target; then, S2's natural guidance achieves precise alignment; subsequently, S3 eliminates movement; and finally, S4 completes the fixing, all without the need for external power or manual intervention in the alignment process. In traditional methods, operators need to continuously monitor the position of the keyhole and attempt to align it multiple times. However, this method uses the automatic locking mechanism of S2 to allow the alignment process to be completed naturally as the spindle 1 rotates, which greatly shortens the operation time, reduces the dependence on human skills, and the step-by-step operation reduces the impact of errors in a single step, thus improving the success rate of locking.

[0034] In another specific implementation, in step S1, the extension of the locking pin 3 sleeve is achieved through the first threaded pair 10. While rotating the driving component of the locking pin 3 sleeve, the extension displacement of the locking pin 3 sleeve is monitored synchronously. When the axial distance between the locking pin 3 and the pin hole 2 decreases to a preset safe range, the extension stops. The threaded engagement characteristic establishes a fixed correlation between the extension and retraction of the locking pin 3 sleeve and the rotation of the driving component. Precise control of the extension distance can be achieved through rotational drive, avoiding sudden jumps or jamming that may occur with sliding transmission, ensuring a smooth and orderly extension process. Synchronous monitoring of the extension displacement of the locking pin 3 sleeve allows for real-time monitoring of the relative positional relationship between the locking pin 3 and the pin hole 2, providing a precise basis for stopping the extension.

[0035] In another specific implementation, in step S2, when the locking pin 3 sleeve contacts the limiting member, the outer circular surface of the locking pin 3 sleeve fits against the inner wall of the semi-cylindrical ring 5 of the limiting member, restricting the circumferential displacement of the locking pin 3 sleeve and ensuring that the axis of the locking pin 3 is collinear with the axis of the pin hole 2. The contact between the outer circular surface of the locking pin 3 sleeve and the inner wall of the semi-cylindrical ring 5 is a surface contact, which provides uniform and stable radial support for the locking pin 3 sleeve, avoiding the local stress concentration problems easily caused by point contact or line contact, while reducing frictional loss during relative movement and extending the overall service life of the component. The collinearity of the axis of the locking pin 3 and the axis of the pin hole 2 ensures alignment when the locking pin 3 extends into the lock hole in subsequent step S4, eliminating the need for any manual adjustment of angle or position.

[0036] In another specific implementation, in step S2, after the locking pin 3 extends, the end of the locking pin 3 first contacts the friction plate 8 of the main shaft 1, or the friction plate 8 at the end of the locking pin 3 first contacts the main shaft 1 and generates relative friction to achieve deceleration, and then continues to move towards the limiting member. Maintaining a low rotational speed when the main shaft 1 enters the automatic locking stage makes the movement of the locking pin 3 sleeve along the end face of the limiting member smoother, reducing the impact force when the locking pin 3 sleeve contacts the limiting member under high-speed relative motion. This reduces the risk of wear or deformation of components due to collision, and avoids locking misalignment that may be caused by high-speed rotation, making the automatic locking guiding process more stable and controllable.

[0037] In another specific implementation, in step S4, when the locking pin 3 extends into the pin hole 2, the conical structure of the locking pin 3 first guides and engages with the conical hole structure of the pin hole 2. The self-positioning of the conical surface corrects the coaxiality deviation between the locking pin 3 and the pin hole 2. The locking pin 3 continues to extend into the pin hole 2 until it is fully inserted and locked in place. When the two begin to contact, the interaction force between the conical surfaces pushes the locking pin 3 or the main shaft 1 to fine-tune its position, gradually correcting the deviation and ensuring that the locking pin 3 can extend into the locking hole along the correct axis. This compensates for the minor errors that may exist in automatic locking and avoids the problems of jamming or incomplete insertion caused by minor deviations in traditional straight-hole pin fitting.

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. The invention extends to any new features or combinations disclosed in this specification, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that detailed technical features not disclosed in this embodiment, such as specific structures, are all prior art and can be obtained by those skilled in the art from the prior art. The connection method can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a fixed connection, a movable connection, or a hinged connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific manner of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to the specific circumstances, and this disclosure does not specifically limit this aspect.

Claims

1. A wind turbine main shaft brake locking device capable of automatic locking, characterized in that: It includes a pin hole (2) opened on the main shaft (1) of the wind turbine, and a limiting member is provided on the downwind side of the pin hole (2). The limiting member is located on the lower edge of the pin hole (2) along the rotation direction and is directly fixedly connected to the main shaft (1); it also includes a locking pin (3) sleeve that is telescopically connected to the bearing seat (12). The locking pin (3) sleeve is provided with a telescopic locking pin (3), and the locking pin (3) can enter or exit the pin hole (2) by telescopic movement; The limiting component includes a semi-cylindrical ring (5), the axis of which is collinear with the axis of the pin hole (2), and the semi-cylindrical ring (5) is located on the lower side of the pin hole (2) along the rotation direction; the inner contour radius of the inner diameter of the semi-cylindrical ring (5) is consistent with the outer contour radius of the locking pin (3) sleeve, and the outer circular surface of the locking pin (3) sleeve can fit against the inner diameter of the semi-cylindrical ring (5); The inner wall of the semi-cylindrical ring (5) is provided with an elastic support (6). The elastic support (6) is a semi-cylindrical structure. The outer wall of the elastic support (6) fits the inner diameter of the semi-cylindrical ring (5). The inner wall of the elastic support (6) is provided with a protective gasket (7).

2. The wind turbine main shaft brake locking device capable of automatic locking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The downwind end of the pin hole (2) is a conical hole structure, and the upwind end of the locking pin (3) is a conical surface structure, and the taper of the conical surface structure is consistent with the taper of the conical hole structure.

3. The wind turbine main shaft brake locking device capable of automatic locking according to claim 1, characterized in that: A friction plate (8) is provided at the top of the windward side of the locking pin (3). The friction plate (8) is fixed to the top of the locking pin (3) by bolts, and the outer contour of the friction plate (8) is adapted to the outer contour of the top of the locking pin (3); or, a friction plate (8) is provided on the downwind side of the main shaft (1), and the friction plate (8) is located on the upper side of the locking pin (3) along the rotation direction.

4. The wind turbine main shaft brake locking device capable of automatic locking according to claim 1, characterized in that: A main shaft brake (9) is provided on the side of the bearing housing (12). The braking end of the main shaft brake (9) is set towards the main shaft (1) of the wind turbine, and the braking direction of the main shaft brake (9) is perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft (1) of the wind turbine.

5. The wind turbine main shaft brake locking device capable of automatic locking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking pin (3) sleeve is connected to the bearing seat (12) through a first threaded pair (10). The first threaded pair (10) is located between the outer wall of the locking pin (3) sleeve and the inner wall of the bearing seat (12). The locking pin (3) sleeve can extend and retract along the axial direction of the first threaded pair (10), and the axis of the locking pin (3) sleeve is parallel to the axis of the pin hole (2). The locking pin (3) and the locking pin (3) sleeve are connected through a second threaded pair (11). The second threaded pair (11) is located between the outer wall of the locking pin (3) and the inner wall of the locking pin (3) sleeve. The locking pin (3) can extend and retract along the axial direction of the second threaded pair (11), and the axis of the locking pin (3) coincides with the axis of the locking pin (3) sleeve.

6. A method for automatically locking the main shaft brake of a wind turbine generator, characterized in that: The wind turbine main shaft brake locking device capable of automatic locking as described in any one of claims 1-5 is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Extend the sleeve of the locking pin (3) toward the main shaft (1) and simultaneously drive the locking pin (3) to approach the pin hole (2); S2. As the main shaft (1) of the wind turbine rotates, the sleeve of the locking pin (3) moves toward the limiting part until the sleeve of the locking pin (3) contacts the limiting part, thereby realizing the automatic locking of the sleeve of the locking pin (3) and the main shaft (1). At this time, the locking pin (3) is aligned with the pin hole (2). S3. Activate the main shaft brake (9) to make the braking end of the main shaft brake (9) contact the wind turbine main shaft (1) and brake the wind turbine main shaft (1) until the wind turbine main shaft (1) and the bearing housing (12) remain relatively stationary. S4. Extend the locking pin (3) toward the pin hole (2) until the locking pin (3) enters the pin hole (2) to complete the brake locking of the wind turbine main shaft (1).

7. The wind turbine main shaft brake locking method capable of automatic positioning as described in claim 6, characterized in that: In step S2, after the locking pin (3) extends, the end of the locking pin (3) first contacts the friction plate (8) of the main shaft (1), or the friction plate (8) at the end of the locking pin (3) first contacts the main shaft (1) and generates relative friction to achieve deceleration, and then continues to move towards the limiting member.

8. The wind turbine main shaft brake locking method capable of automatic positioning as described in claim 6, characterized in that: In step S4, when the locking pin (3) extends into the pin hole (2), the conical structure of the locking pin (3) first guides and cooperates with the conical hole structure of the pin hole (2). The coaxiality deviation between the locking pin (3) and the pin hole (2) is corrected by the self-positioning of the conical surface. The locking pin (3) continues to extend into the pin hole (2) until the locking pin (3) completely enters the pin hole (2) and the two fit together and lock.

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