A guide bearing self-lubricating device
By redistributing the lubricating oil through the flow guiding and return components, and optimizing the oil supply through the intelligent adjustment module, the problem of insufficient lubrication and oil loss caused by uneven distribution of lubricating oil in synchronous vertical motors is solved, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JIAMUSI ELECTRIC MACHINE
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
When a synchronous vertical motor is running, the centrifugal force causes uneven oil level distribution in the lubricating oil tank (low in the middle and high around the circumference), which leads to insufficient lubrication of the guide bearing in the middle of the lubricating oil tank, oil loss due to oil splashing, and oil mist contamination.
It employs a flow guiding component and a return component, including an oil guide plate, an oil collection tank, a return main pipe, and a multi-channel oil distributor. Combined with an intelligent sensing and adaptive adjustment module, the flow guiding component collects and guides the lubricating oil back to the oil collection tank, and then delivers it to the lubrication area above the guide bearing through the return component. The intelligent adjustment module dynamically optimizes the oil supply based on real-time operating conditions.
It effectively solves the problem of insufficient lubrication of the guide bearing caused by a significant reduction in oil supply in the middle area of the lubrication tank, avoids abnormal temperature rise and dry friction bearing failure accidents, reduces maintenance costs and electrical component pollution, and improves the safety and reliability of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN121273771B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of generator technology, and more specifically, to a self-lubricating device for a guide bearing. Background Technology
[0002] In modern industry, synchronous vertical motors are widely used in critical applications such as hydropower generation and large pumping stations due to their high efficiency and stable power output characteristics. Their operational reliability directly affects the safety and efficiency of the entire system. As one of the core components of a synchronous vertical motor, the guide bearing plays a crucial role in supporting the main shaft and ensuring stable rotor rotation. The quality of its lubrication has a decisive impact on the motor's performance and lifespan.
[0003] In related technologies, when a synchronous vertical motor is running, the oil level in the oil tank is usually controlled at the middle or two-thirds position of the guide bearing. However, during actual operation, the main shaft rotates at high speed relative to the oil tank. Under the action of centrifugal force, the lubricating oil in the oil tank will exhibit an uneven distribution, with a low oil level in the middle and a high oil level in the circumferential direction. This uneven distribution leads to a significant reduction in oil supply in the middle area of the oil tank, causing insufficient lubrication of the guide bearing. This, in turn, causes an abnormal increase in the temperature of the guide bearing, accelerates its wear, and significantly shortens its service life. In severe cases, it can even lead to a serious accident of dry friction bearing failure, posing a great safety hazard to equipment operation. At the same time, the lubricating oil on both sides of the oil tank is lost in large quantities due to the strong oil slinging effect. This not only requires frequent oil replenishment, increasing maintenance costs and workload, but also the lost lubricating oil forms oil mist that escapes into the unit, contaminating the electrical components of the motor and further affecting the normal operation and reliability of the equipment. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The problem solved by this invention is: how to solve the problem of uneven oil level distribution (low in the middle and high at the circumference) in the lubricating oil tank caused by centrifugal force during the operation of synchronous vertical motor, which leads to insufficient lubrication of the guide bearing in the middle of the lubricating oil tank, oil loss due to oil splashing, and oil mist pollution.
[0005] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a self-lubricating device for a guide bearing, comprising a flow guiding component, a flow return component, and an intelligent sensing and adaptive adjustment module; The flow guiding assembly includes an oil guide plate and an oil collection tank. The oil collection tank is disposed on the inner wall of the lubricating oil tank of the guide bearing, and an oil collection port is opened on the side of the oil collection tank facing the inside of the lubricating oil tank. The oil guide plate is disposed inside the lubricating oil tank and forms an oil guide groove. The first end of the oil guide groove is connected to the oil collection port. The oil guide groove extends downward at an angle from the first end to the second end towards the bottom wall of the lubricating oil tank, and the extension direction of the oil guide groove from the first end to the second end is opposite to the rotation direction of the spindle, so as to guide the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank from the second end of the oil guide groove through the first end to the oil collection tank. The reflux assembly includes a reflux main pipe and a multi-channel oil separator; one end of the reflux main pipe is connected to the oil collection tank, and the other end is connected to the multi-channel oil separator. The multi-channel oil distributor extends radially along the lubricating oil tank to the lubrication area above the guide bearing, and the multi-channel oil distributor is provided with at least three independent oil outlets, corresponding to the inner ring raceway, outer ring raceway and cage of the guide bearing respectively; each independent oil outlet is provided with an independent micro flow valve, and the end of the oil outlet is provided with a fan-shaped oil nozzle, the oil spraying direction of the fan-shaped oil nozzle is consistent with the rolling element movement direction of the guide bearing; The intelligent sensing and adaptive adjustment module includes a temperature sensor, a speed sensor, a controller, and an electric regulating valve. The temperature sensor is embedded in the outer ring sidewall of the guide bearing and is used to detect the real-time temperature of the guide bearing. The speed sensor is located at the end of the spindle and is used to detect the real-time speed of the spindle. The electric regulating valve is installed on the return main pipe. The controller is electrically connected to the micro flow valve, the temperature sensor, the speed sensor, and the electric regulating valve.
[0006] Optionally, the side of the oil guide plate is connected to the inner wall of the lubricating oil tank.
[0007] Optionally, the width of the first end of the oil guide groove is smaller than the width of the second end of the oil guide groove, and the width of the oil guide groove gradually increases from the first end to the second end.
[0008] Optionally, a one-way valve is provided on the return pipe.
[0009] Optionally, it also includes a mounting plate, which is connected to the outer wall of the return pipe and to the bottom wall of the lubricating oil tank.
[0010] Optionally, the mounting plate is provided with a plurality of anti-surge holes extending through its thickness direction.
[0011] Optionally, the guide bearing self-lubricating device further includes a lubricating oil circulation and purification unit, which includes a circulation pump, a working condition adaptation module, and an upgraded impurity removal component; the circulation pump is connected in series with the return main pipe and located between the oil collection tank and the electric regulating valve; the working condition adaptation module includes a heating element and a cooling coil, the heating element being wound around the outer wall of the return main pipe, and the cooling coil being sleeved on the outside of the return main pipe and connected to an external cooling system, both of which are electrically connected to the controller; the upgraded impurity removal component further includes a first impurity collection box and a second impurity collection box, both of which are connected to the same side of the mounting plate; the first impurity collection box and the second impurity collection box are both ... A first impurity collection box is located near the anti-surge hole of the guide bearing. The first impurity collection box has a first impurity collection cavity, which is connected to the corresponding anti-surge hole, and the extension direction of the first impurity collection cavity is consistent with the flow direction of the lubricating oil. A permanent magnet impurity removal module is provided in the first impurity collection cavity for adsorbing metallic impurities in the lubricating oil. A second impurity collection box is located away from the anti-surge hole of the guide bearing. The second impurity collection box has a second impurity collection cavity, which is connected to the corresponding anti-surge hole, and the extension direction of the second impurity collection cavity is consistent with the flow direction of the lubricating oil. A filter module is provided on the second impurity collection box for filtering non-metallic impurities in the lubricating oil.
[0012] Optionally, the permanent magnet impurity removal module includes multiple permanent magnet blocks of different thicknesses, which are arranged in a stepped manner along the axial direction of the lubricating oil tank in the first impurity collection cavity.
[0013] Optionally, a gravity sensor is installed at the bottom of the permanent magnet impurity removal module. The gravity sensor is used to detect the mass of the metal impurities collected by the permanent magnet impurity removal module and is configured to send the detected mass signal to an external device.
[0014] Optionally, the filter module includes an inner filter and an outer filter. The inner filter is disposed on the side wall of the second impurity collection chamber, and the outer filter is disposed outside the inner filter. The pore size of the inner filter is larger than that of the outer filter.
[0015] Optionally, the second impurity collection box is provided with an impurity collection trough, which is located at the bottom of the second impurity collection chamber and below the filter module, for collecting non-metallic impurities filtered out by the filter module.
[0016] The beneficial effects of the self-lubricating device for guide bearings of the present invention are as follows: The flow guiding component collects the unevenly distributed lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank caused by centrifugal force and guides it back to the collection tank. Then, the return flow component delivers the lubricating oil to the lubrication area above the guide bearing. This effectively solves the problem of insufficient lubrication of the guide bearing caused by a significant reduction in oil supply in the middle area of the lubricating oil tank, avoiding abnormal temperature rise, accelerated wear, and serious accidents such as dry friction bearing failure, thus improving the safety and reliability of equipment operation. By changing the distribution and flow path of the lubricating oil, the lubricating oil loss caused by the strong oil slinging effect on both sides of the lubricating oil tank is reduced, decreasing the need for frequent oil replenishment, thereby reducing maintenance costs and workload. Furthermore, the independent oil supply structure of the multi-channel oil distributor ensures sufficient lubrication for all critical parts of the bearing, avoiding localized dry friction. The intelligent adjustment system dynamically optimizes the oil supply according to real-time operating conditions, reducing energy consumption while maintaining lubrication effectiveness. The directional spray design improves lubricant utilization and extends bearing maintenance cycles. In addition, due to reduced lubricant consumption, the amount of oil mist escaping into the unit is also reduced, thereby reducing contamination of motors and electrical components, and further ensuring the normal operation and reliability of the equipment. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Flow guiding assembly; 11. Oil guide plate; 111. Oil guide groove; 112. First end; 113. Second end; 12. Oil collection tank; 121. Oil collection port; 2. Return assembly; 21. Return pipe; 211. Oil outlet; 22. Mounting plate; 221. Anti-surge hole; 3. First impurity collection box; 31. First impurity collection cavity; 32. Permanent magnet impurity removal module; 321. Permanent magnet block; 322. Gravity sensor; 4. Second impurity collection box; 41. Second impurity collection cavity; 42. Filter module; 43. Impurity collection groove; 5. Lubricating oil tank; 6. Guide bearing; 7. Main shaft. Detailed Implementation
[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein are open-ended, meaning "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "at least partially based on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; and the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". Definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first," "second," etc., mentioned in this invention are used only to distinguish different devices, modules, or units, and are not intended to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules, or units or their interdependencies.
[0021] It should be noted that the terms "a" and "a plurality of" used in this invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".
[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a self-lubricating device for a guide bearing, comprising a flow guiding component 1, a return flow component 2, and an intelligent sensing and adaptive adjustment module; The flow guiding assembly 1 includes an oil guide plate 11 and an oil collection tank 12. The oil collection tank 12 is disposed on the inner wall of the lubricating oil tank of the guide bearing, and an oil collection port 121 is opened on the side of the oil collection tank facing the inside of the lubricating oil tank. The oil guide plate 11 is disposed inside the lubricating oil tank and forms an oil guide groove 111. The first end 112 of the oil guide groove 111 is connected to the oil collection port 121. The oil guide groove 111 extends downward at an incline from the first end 112 to the second end 113 towards the bottom wall of the lubricating oil tank, and the extension direction of the oil guide groove 111 from the first end 112 to the second end 113 is opposite to the rotation direction of the spindle, so as to guide the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank from the second end 113 of the oil guide groove 111 through the first end 112 to the oil collection tank 12. The return assembly 2 includes a return main pipe 21 and a multi-channel oil separator; one end of the return main pipe 21 is connected to the oil collection tank 12, and the other end is connected to the multi-channel oil separator; The multi-channel oil distributor extends radially along the lubricating oil tank to the lubrication area above the guide bearing 6, and the multi-channel oil distributor is provided with at least three independent oil outlets, corresponding to the inner ring raceway, outer ring raceway and cage of the guide bearing 6 respectively; each oil outlet is provided with an independent micro flow valve, which is electrically connected to the controller, and the end of the oil outlet is provided with a fan-shaped oil nozzle, the spray direction of the fan-shaped oil nozzle is consistent with the movement direction of the rolling elements of the guide bearing 6; The intelligent sensing and adaptive adjustment module includes a temperature sensor, a speed sensor, a controller, and an electric regulating valve. The temperature sensor is embedded in the outer ring sidewall of the guide bearing 6 to detect the real-time temperature of the guide bearing. The speed sensor is set at the end of the spindle 7 to detect the real-time speed of the spindle. The electric regulating valve is installed on the return main pipe 21. The controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, the speed sensor, and the electric regulating valve, and is configured to adjust the opening of the electric regulating valve according to the real-time temperature and speed to control the return flow.
[0023] In related technologies, the lubricating oil tank 5 is cylindrical, the main shaft 7 passes through the bottom wall of the lubricating oil tank 5 along the central axis of the lubricating oil tank 5, and the guide bearing 6 is located inside the lubricating oil tank 5 and is arranged around the main shaft 7.
[0024] Specifically, the oil collection tank 12 is fixedly installed at a high position on the inner side wall of the lubricating oil tank 5 of the guide bearing 6, and an oil collection port 121 is specially opened on the side facing the inside of the lubricating oil tank 5. The oil guide plate 11 is set inside the lubricating oil tank 5 and is located below the oil collection tank 12. The oil guide plate 11 forms an oil guide groove 111. The first end 112 of the oil guide groove 111 is in close communication with the oil collection port 121 of the oil collection tank 12. The second end 113 of the oil guide groove 111 extends downward from the first end 112 towards the bottom wall of the lubricating oil tank 5 and is opposite to the rotation direction of the main shaft 7. When the main shaft 7 rotates, it generates a reverse flow guiding effect. The oil guide groove 111 can effectively capture and guide the lubricating oil that is thrown in the circumferential direction by centrifugal force, so that the lubricating oil can be gathered upward along the oil guide groove 111 through the oil collection port 121 into the oil collection tank 12. The tilt angle of the oil guide plate 11 is designed according to the size of the lubricating oil tank 5 and the oil level distribution, generally between 30° and 60°, to ensure that the lubricating oil can flow smoothly into the oil collection tank 12 along the oil guide plate 11. The surface of the oil guide plate 11 is smoothed to reduce the flow resistance of the lubricating oil. The return pipe 21 of the return assembly 2 is connected to the bottom of the oil collection tank 12, and three threaded interfaces are provided at the bottom of the oil collection tank 12, which are connected to the return pipe 21, to ensure that the lubricating oil collected in the oil collection tank 12 can be transported to the lubrication area above the guide bearing 6 through the return pipe 21, realizing the active recovery and re-injection of lubricating oil. The guide bearing 6 is installed in the middle position of the lubricating oil tank 5 and is in frictional engagement with the spindle 7. The top of the guide bearing 6 can be opened with an oil guide groove, which is aligned with the oil outlet 211 of the return pipe 21, to guide the returned lubricating oil along the guide groove to the friction surface between the guide bearing 6 and the spindle 7, to carry away the frictional heat and reduce the temperature of the guide bearing 6. As the spindle rotates, the oil guide groove, with its structure facing the opposite direction of rotation, effectively collects the lubricating oil ejected by centrifugal force. The inclined groove guides the oil flow to the oil collection tank, forming an oil reserve. The return main pipe delivers the lubricating oil from the collection tank to the multi-channel oil distributor, with three independent oil outlets targeting the inner raceway, outer raceway, and cage area of the bearing, respectively. The fan-shaped nozzles adjust the spray angle according to the rolling element's direction of motion, ensuring precise coverage of the moving contact surfaces with lubricating oil for multi-point oil supply. A temperature sensor monitors the bearing outer race temperature in real time, and a speed sensor collects spindle speed data. The controller uses a PID algorithm to calculate the optimal return flow rate and drives the electric regulating valve to change its opening. For example, when the detected temperature or speed exceeds a threshold, the system automatically increases the valve opening to increase the cooling oil volume; when it falls below the threshold, it decreases the opening to avoid over-supplying oil, actively adjusting the oil volume and achieving real-time matching between oil supply and operating status.
[0025] For example, the intelligent sensing and adaptive adjustment module has the following specific structure: Temperature sensor: A platinum resistance sensor is embedded in the outer ring sidewall of the guide bearing (2-3mm deep), connected to the controller via wires, to detect the outer ring temperature of the guide bearing in real time (a key indicator reflecting the lubrication status). Speed sensor: A Hall effect sensor is fixedly mounted on a bracket at the end of the spindle, cooperating with a sensing gear ring (60-120 teeth) on the spindle end face, to obtain the spindle speed in real time (speed changes directly affect centrifugal force and lubricating oil demand). Electric regulating valve: Installed on the return main pipe, located between the circulating pump and the multi-channel oil distributor, using electromagnetic drive, it can precisely control the lubricating oil flow rate in the return main pipe. Controller: A PLC controller (model S7-200SMART optional) is used, which is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, speed sensor, electric regulating valve, and micro flow valve. The controller's control logic is as follows: When the real-time temperature of the guide bearing is higher than the preset threshold T1 (usually 65℃, which can be adjusted according to the guide bearing material), the opening of the electric regulating valve is increased by 10%-20%, and at the same time, the opening of the micro flow valve at the inner raceway oil outlet is increased by 15%, prioritizing lubrication of high-friction areas; when the real-time spindle speed is higher than the preset threshold N1 (usually 1500r), the controller is activated. When the speed is pm (corresponding to the generator's rated speed), increase the opening of the electric regulating valve by 5%-15% because the lubricating oil slinging effect is enhanced at high speeds, requiring increased oil supply to compensate. When the guide bearing temperature is below the threshold T2 (usually 40℃) or the speed is below the threshold N2 (usually 800rpm), decrease the opening of the electric regulating valve by 5%-10% to avoid excessive lubricating oil causing stirring losses and temperature rise. The controller can also store temperature, speed, and flow data for 30 days and upload them to the remote monitoring terminal via the wireless communication module, facilitating maintenance personnel to trace the lubrication status.
[0026] In this embodiment, the unevenly distributed lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank 5 due to centrifugal force is collected again by the flow guiding component 1 and guided to the oil collection tank 12. Then, the lubricating oil is delivered to the lubrication area above the guide bearing 6 via the return component 2. This effectively solves the problem of insufficient lubrication of the guide bearing 6 caused by a significant reduction in oil supply in the middle area of the lubricating oil tank 5, avoiding abnormal temperature rise, accelerated wear, and serious accidents such as dry friction bearing failure in the guide bearing 6, thus improving the safety and reliability of equipment operation. By changing the distribution and flow path of the lubricating oil, the lubricating oil loss caused by the strong oil slinging effect on both sides of the lubricating oil tank 5 is reduced, and the need for frequent oil replenishment is reduced, thereby reducing maintenance costs and workload. Furthermore, the independent oil supply structure of the multi-channel oil distributor ensures that all key parts of the bearing receive sufficient lubrication, avoiding local dry friction. The intelligent adjustment system dynamically optimizes the oil supply according to real-time operating conditions, reducing energy consumption while maintaining lubrication effect. The directional spray design improves lubricant utilization and extends bearing maintenance cycles. In addition, due to reduced lubricant consumption, the amount of oil mist escaping into the unit is also reduced, thereby reducing contamination of motors and electrical components, and further ensuring the normal operation and reliability of the equipment.
[0027] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the side of the oil guide plate 11 is connected to the inner wall of the lubricating oil tank 5.
[0028] Specifically, the oil guide plate 11 is used to form an oil guide groove 111, with one side connected to the inner wall of the lubricating oil tank 5. This allows the oil guide plate 11 to maintain a relatively fixed position within the lubricating oil tank 5, and ensures that the oil guide groove 111 is as close as possible to the inner wall of the lubricating oil tank 5. When the motor spindle 7 rotates at high speed, and the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank 5 exhibits an uneven distribution with a low oil level in the middle and a high oil level in the circumferential direction, the lubricating oil with a higher oil level in the circumferential direction flows upward along the oil guide groove 111 to the oil collection tank 12 under the action of centrifugal force, thus achieving the recovery of the lubricating oil. Since the side of the oil guide plate 11 is connected to the inner wall of the lubricating oil tank 5, it provides a stable support and guiding environment for the flow of lubricating oil in the oil guide groove 111, ensuring that the lubricating oil can flow stably from the second end 113 to the first end 112 along the oil guide groove 111, without affecting the guiding effect of the lubricating oil due to shaking or displacement of the oil guide plate 11.
[0029] In this optional embodiment, the side of the oil guide plate 11 is connected to the inner wall of the lubricating oil tank 5, so that the oil guide plate 11 is firmly fixed in the lubricating oil tank 5, effectively resisting the vibration generated by the high-speed rotation of the spindle 7 and the impact force brought by the flow of lubricating oil, avoiding the oil guide plate 11 from shaking, shifting or deforming, and ensuring that the oil guide groove 111 is always in the correct position and angle, maintaining a stable guiding effect. The stable structure provides a guarantee for the oil guide plate 11 to accurately guide the lubricating oil. During long-term operation, no matter how the distribution of lubricating oil changes, the oil guide plate 11 can guide the lubricating oil from the second end 113 through the first end 112 to the oil collection tank 12 according to the design requirements, ensuring the continuity and reliability of the guiding process, thereby ensuring that the guide bearing 6 can continuously receive a sufficient supply of lubricating oil.
[0030] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the width of the first end 112 of the oil guide groove 111 is smaller than the width of the second end 113 of the oil guide groove 111, and the groove width of the oil guide groove 111 gradually increases from the first end 112 to the second end 113.
[0031] Specifically, the width of the first end 112 of the oil guide groove 111 is smaller than the width of the second end 113, and the groove width gradually increases from the first end 112 to the second end 113. This is based on the flow characteristics of lubricating oil within the oil guide groove 111. When lubricating oil begins to enter the second end 113 of the oil guide groove 111 from the lubricating oil tank 5 due to centrifugal force, the larger groove width at the second end 113 allows for a wider collection of lubricating oil from the surrounding area, acting like a large "entrance" that can accommodate more lubricating oil from different locations flowing into the oil guide groove 111. As the lubricating oil flows within the oil guide groove 111 from the second end 113 towards the first end 112, the groove width of the oil guide groove 111 gradually decreases. According to fluid mechanics principles, under a constant flow rate, the fluid velocity is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the flow path. Therefore, as the lubricating oil flows within the gradually narrowing oil guide groove 111, its velocity gradually increases. This change in flow rate helps to enhance the flow dynamics of lubricating oil within the oil guide groove 111, enabling the lubricating oil to flow more smoothly and quickly to the oil collection tank 12, improving the flow efficiency, and ensuring that the oil collection tank 12 can collect a sufficient amount of lubricating oil to provide a guarantee for subsequent delivery to the lubrication area above the guide bearing 6 via the return assembly 2.
[0032] In this optional embodiment, the wider second end 113 of the oil guide groove 111 expands the range for collecting lubricating oil, enabling more effective collection of lubricating oil from different locations within the lubricating oil tank 5, especially lubricating oil dispersed over a larger area due to centrifugal force. This reduces lubricating oil residue in the tank and improves lubricating oil utilization. The gradually decreasing width of the oil guide groove 111 increases the lubricating oil flow rate, enhancing the flow dynamics within the groove. This helps overcome resistance that the lubricating oil may encounter during flow, such as the viscous resistance of the lubricating oil itself and local resistance caused by factors such as the tank structure. This ensures that the lubricating oil can flow stably and continuously towards the oil collection tank 12, preventing stagnation or poor flow of lubricating oil within the oil guide groove 111. By setting the width of the oil guide groove 111, the organic combination of extensive collection and rapid flow of lubricating oil is achieved. This allows the oil guide groove 111 to better adapt to the distribution and flow requirements of the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank 5 throughout the flow process, optimizing the flow effect and providing a more stable and sufficient supply of lubricating oil for the guide bearing 6. This, in turn, ensures the normal operation of the guide bearing 6 and the reliability of the entire synchronous vertical motor.
[0033] Optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, a one-way valve is provided on the return pipe 21.
[0034] Specifically, a one-way valve is installed in the middle of the return pipe 21. When the pressure in the oil collection tank 12 is greater than the pressure in the lubrication area above the guide bearing 6, the lubricating oil will flow from the oil collection tank 12 through the return pipe 21 to the area above the guide bearing 6 under the action of the pressure difference. At this time, the one-way valve on the return pipe 21 is in the open state, allowing the lubricating oil to pass smoothly in the direction of the pressure difference (i.e., from the oil collection tank 12 to the area above the guide bearing 6), like a "one-way channel," ensuring that the lubricating oil can flow to the parts that need lubrication according to the predetermined path, providing continuous lubrication for the guide bearing 6. However, when an unexpected situation occurs, such as a sudden increase in pressure in the lubrication area above the guide bearing 6 (which may be due to external interference or system failure), causing the lubricating oil to have a tendency to flow in the reverse direction (from the area above the guide bearing 6 to the oil collection tank 12), the one-way valve will quickly close to prevent the lubricating oil from flowing in the reverse direction, preventing the lubricating oil in the oil collection tank 12 from being sucked back, and ensuring that the oil collection tank 12 can continuously provide a stable supply of lubricating oil to the guide bearing 6.
[0035] In this optional embodiment, the one-way valve ensures that the lubricating oil can only flow from the oil collection tank 12 to the top of the guide bearing 6, avoiding backflow of the lubricating oil in the system. This helps maintain stable pressure and flow in the lubrication system, ensuring that the guide bearing 6 always receives a sufficient and stable supply of lubricating oil, thereby improving the lubrication effect of the guide bearing 6, reducing wear and failures caused by insufficient lubrication, and extending the service life of the guide bearing 6.
[0036] Optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a mounting plate 22, which is connected to the outer wall of the return pipe 21 and to the bottom wall of the lubricating oil tank 5.
[0037] Specifically, the mounting plate 22 is connected to the outer wall of the return pipe 21 and also to the bottom wall of the lubricating oil tank 5, thus firmly positioning the return pipe 21 on the bottom of the lubricating oil tank 5 via the mounting plate 22. During the operation of the motor, the lubricating oil tank 5 will vibrate or undergo a certain displacement along with the motor. Since the return pipe 21 forms a relatively fixed connection structure with the bottom wall of the lubricating oil tank 5 through the mounting plate 22, the return pipe 21 can move synchronously with the lubricating oil tank 5, avoiding collisions or pulling between the return pipe 21 and the lubricating oil tank 5 or other components due to asynchronous movement. This ensures the smooth flow of lubricating oil in the return pipe 21, thereby maintaining the normal operation of the entire self-lubricating device.
[0038] In this optional embodiment, the mounting plate 22 connects the return pipe 21 to the bottom wall of the lubricating oil tank 5, providing a stable support point for the return pipe 21. This allows the return pipe 21 to maintain a relatively fixed position during motor operation, reducing problems such as deformation and displacement of the return pipe 21 caused by vibration, shaking, etc., improving the structural stability of the entire lubrication system, and ensuring that the lubricating oil can be accurately and stably delivered to the top of the guide bearing 6 along a predetermined path.
[0039] Optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the mounting plate 22 is provided with multiple anti-surge holes 221 that extend through its thickness direction.
[0040] Specifically, multiple anti-wave holes 221 penetrating the thickness direction are provided on the mounting plate 22. When the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank 5 generates waves due to vibration, some of the lubricating oil will pass through these anti-wave holes 221. The presence of the anti-wave holes 221 changes the flow path and flow state of the lubricating oil in the oil tank, so that the energy of the waves is dispersed and consumed in the process of passing through the anti-wave holes 221, increasing the fluidity of the lubricating oil, reducing the noise and centrifugal force impact generated by the flow of lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank 5, and increasing the stability of the oil level.
[0041] In this optional embodiment, the waves generated by the vibration of the motor in the lubricating oil tank 5 are effectively reduced, the impact of the waves on the return pipe 21 and the entire lubrication system is reduced, the vibration and shaking of the return pipe 21 caused by excessive impact are reduced, the return pipe 21 is prevented from colliding with surrounding components, the stability and reliability of the lubrication system are improved, and the service life of the return pipe 21 and other related components is extended.
[0042] Optionally, such as Figure 3As shown, the self-lubricating device for the guide bearing also includes a lubricating oil circulation and purification unit, which includes a circulation pump, a working condition adaptation module, and an upgraded impurity removal component. The circulation pump is connected in series on the return main pipe 21 and is located between the oil collection tank 12 and the electric regulating valve. The working condition adaptation module includes a heating element and a cooling coil. The heating element is wound around the outer wall of the return main pipe 21, and the cooling coil is sleeved on the outside of the return main pipe 21 and connected to the external cooling system, and both are electrically connected to the controller. The upgraded impurity removal component also includes a first impurity collection box 3 and a second impurity collection box 4, both of which are connected to the same side of the mounting plate 22. The first impurity collection box 3 is located near the guide bearing. At the anti-surge hole 221 of the guide bearing 6, the first impurity collection box 3 is provided with a first impurity collection cavity 31, which is connected to the corresponding anti-surge hole 221, and the extension direction of the first impurity collection cavity 31 is consistent with the flow direction of the lubricating oil; a permanent magnet impurity removal module 32 is provided in the first impurity collection cavity 31 for adsorbing metallic impurities in the lubricating oil; the second impurity collection box 4 is located at the anti-surge hole 221 away from the guide bearing 6, and the second impurity collection box 4 is provided with a second impurity collection cavity 41, which is connected to the corresponding anti-surge hole 221, and the extension direction of the second impurity collection cavity 41 is consistent with the flow direction of the lubricating oil; a filter module 42 is provided on the second impurity collection box 4 for filtering non-metallic impurities in the lubricating oil.
[0043] Specifically, the circulating pump refers to the device that provides the power for oil circulation, which can be implemented using a centrifugal hydraulic pump. The pump body impeller rotation generates a pressure difference, driving the lubricating oil to continuously flow in the return main pipe. The operating condition adaptation module refers to the device that regulates the oil temperature, which can be implemented using a combination of a resistance heating element and a spiral coil cooler. The heating element generates Joule heat through current to raise the pipe wall temperature, while the cooling coil absorbs heat from the oil through a circulating cooling medium. The upgraded impurity removal component refers to the device that classifies and processes impurities, which can be implemented using a split-type box structure. When the oil flows through the mounting plate, part of the oil flows through anti-surge holes into the first impurity collection box 3 and the second impurity collection box 4. The first impurity collection box 3 is installed at the anti-surge hole 221 near the guide bearing 6 to collect metallic impurities; the second impurity collection box 4 is installed at the anti-surge hole 221 away from the guide bearing 6 to collect non-metallic impurities. Furthermore, as the circulating pump drives the lubricating oil from the collection box to the lubrication area through the return main pipe, the operating condition adaptation module selectively activates the heating or cooling function according to the oil temperature requirements. When the oil temperature is below the set threshold, the heating element is energized to heat the pipe wall, improving oil flow. When the oil temperature is too high, the cooling coil is connected to an external cooling water circulation system for cooling. Thus, the dynamic temperature control system can automatically adjust the oil temperature according to the actual operating conditions of the bearing, preventing lubrication failure caused by excessively high or low oil temperatures. In the self-lubricating device of the synchronous vertical motor guide bearing 6, the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank 5 will generate waves due to vibration during motor operation, and some lubricating oil will pass through the anti-wave holes 221 on the mounting plate 22. Since a first collection box 3 and a second collection box 4 are provided, both located on the same side of the mounting plate 22, when the lubricating oil flows out from the anti-wave hole 221 near the guide bearing 6, it will enter the first collection chamber 31 of the first collection box 3. The extension direction of the first collection chamber 31 is consistent with the lubricating oil flow direction, allowing the lubricating oil to flow smoothly. At this time, the permanent magnet impurity removal module 32 in the first impurity collection box 3 generates a magnetic field. Under the action of the magnetic field, the metallic impurities in the lubricating oil are adsorbed onto the permanent magnet impurity removal module 32, thus collecting the metallic impurities. Meanwhile, the lubricating oil flowing out from the anti-surge hole 221 on the side away from the guide bearing 6 will enter the second impurity collection chamber 41 of the second impurity collection box 4. Similarly, because the extension direction of the second impurity collection chamber 41 is consistent with the flow direction of the lubricating oil, after the lubricating oil flows in smoothly, the filter module 42 on the second impurity collection box 4 will filter the lubricating oil, intercepting non-metallic impurities in the lubricating oil in the second impurity collection box 4, making the filtered lubricating oil cleaner.
[0044] In this optional embodiment, the lubricating oil circulation purification unit and dynamic temperature control system can automatically adjust the oil temperature according to the actual working conditions of the bearing, avoiding lubrication failure caused by excessively high or low oil temperature. Furthermore, by setting up a first impurity collection box 3 and a second impurity collection box 4, metal and non-metal impurities in the lubricating oil are collected and filtered respectively, achieving comprehensive removal of different types of impurities in the lubricating oil, effectively improving the cleanliness of the lubricating oil, providing better lubrication for the guide bearing 6, reducing wear of the guide bearing 6 caused by impurities, and extending the service life of the guide bearing 6.
[0045] Optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, the permanent magnet impurity removal module 32 includes multiple permanent magnet blocks 321 of different thicknesses, which are arranged in a stepped manner along the axial direction in the first impurity collection cavity 31.
[0046] Specifically, the magnetic field strength generated by permanent magnet blocks 321 of different thicknesses varies, with thicker blocks producing a stronger magnetic field and thinner blocks producing a weaker one. When lubricating oil flows through this gradient magnetic field region, metallic impurities in the oil are subjected to magnetic forces of varying strengths. These forces cause the impurities to move towards areas with stronger magnetic fields and are eventually adsorbed onto the surface of the corresponding permanent magnet blocks 321. Furthermore, the stepped arrangement makes the magnetic field distribution more complex and diverse, increasing the contact opportunities and adsorption paths between metallic impurities and the permanent magnet blocks 321, thereby improving the ability to capture metallic impurities of different sizes and magnetic properties.
[0047] In this optional embodiment, permanent magnet blocks 321 of different thicknesses are arranged in a stepped manner, forming a multi-layered magnetic field area, which can more comprehensively capture metallic impurities of different particle sizes and magnetic properties in the lubricating oil. Compared with the arrangement of permanent magnet blocks 321 of a single thickness, magnetic field blind zones can be avoided, greatly improving the adsorption rate of metallic impurities, thereby more effectively purifying the lubricating oil, providing a cleaner lubrication environment for the guide bearing 6, reducing failures of the guide bearing 6 caused by wear due to metallic impurities, and extending its service life.
[0048] Optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, a gravity sensor 322 is installed at the bottom of the permanent magnet impurity removal module 32. The gravity sensor 322 is used to detect the mass of metal impurities collected by the permanent magnet impurity removal module 32 and is configured to send the detected mass signal to an external device.
[0049] Specifically, the permanent magnet impurity removal module 32 uses its internal structure (such as multiple permanent magnet blocks 321 of different thicknesses arranged in a stepped manner) to adsorb and collect metallic impurities in the lubricating oil. As the device continues to operate, the adsorbed metallic impurities accumulate on the permanent magnet impurity removal module 32. The gravity sensor 322 installed at the bottom of the permanent magnet impurity removal module 32 senses the weight change caused by the accumulation of metallic impurities in real time. The gravity sensor 322 contains a sensitive element that converts weight changes into electrical signals. When the mass of metallic impurities increases, the sensitive element undergoes corresponding deformation or changes in physical properties, thereby generating an electrical signal proportional to the mass of metallic impurities. This electrical signal is amplified and filtered by the signal processing circuit inside the sensor, and then converted into a transmittable mass signal. Finally, the gravity sensor 322 transmits this mass signal to external devices, such as the processor of the control system or a monitoring terminal, via wired or wireless means. The gravity sensor 322 has a built-in high-capacity battery, eliminating the need for an external power supply and reducing wiring and piping. It transmits mass signals to the outside in real time via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. When the detected weight exceeds a certain value, it can quickly sound an alarm, making it convenient for operators to clean the permanent magnet cleaning module 32.
[0050] In this optional embodiment, the gravity sensor 322 monitors the quality of metal impurities collected by the permanent magnet impurity removal module 32 in real time. Operators or the control system can promptly understand the working status of the impurity removal module and the content of metal impurities in the lubricating oil. Based on this real-time data, the operating parameters of the device can be precisely adjusted, such as adjusting the flow rate and velocity of the lubricating oil, or controlling the cleaning cycle of the permanent magnet impurity removal module 32, ensuring that the device always operates under optimal conditions and improving the stability and reliability of the entire system.
[0051] Optionally, the filter module 42 includes an inner filter and an outer filter. The inner filter is disposed on the side wall of the second impurity collection chamber 41, and the outer filter is disposed on the outside of the inner filter. The pore size of the inner filter is larger than that of the outer filter.
[0052] Specifically, when the lubricating oil flows through the filter module 42, it first comes into contact with the inner filter screen, which is located on the side wall of the second impurity collection chamber 41. The inner filter screen has a relatively large pore size, and some larger impurities are intercepted and remain on the inner side (closer to the inside of the second impurity collection chamber 41). After initial filtration by the inner filter screen, the lubricating oil continues to flow outwards to the outer filter screen. The outer filter screen is located outside the inner filter screen, and its pore size is smaller. At this point, smaller impurities in the lubricating oil are further intercepted by the outer filter screen, adhering to the inner side (closer to the inner filter screen). Through the dual filtration of the inner and outer filters, and by utilizing the difference in pore size between them, multi-stage filtration of impurities of different particle sizes in the lubricating oil is achieved.
[0053] In this optional embodiment, an inner and outer double-layer filter screen with different pore sizes is used to perform graded filtration of impurities in the lubricating oil. The inner filter screen first intercepts larger-diameter impurities, reducing the burden on the outer filter screen, allowing it to more effectively intercept smaller-diameter impurities. Compared to a single-layer filter screen, the multi-stage filtration method significantly improves the overall filtration accuracy, removing impurities of more different particle sizes from the lubricating oil, providing cleaner lubricating oil for subsequent lubrication components, and reducing wear and malfunctions caused by impurities.
[0054] Optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second collection box 4 is provided with a collection trough 43, which is located at the bottom of the second collection cavity 41 and below the filter module 42, and is used to collect non-metallic impurities filtered out by the filter module 42.
[0055] Specifically, when the lubricating oil passes through the filter module 42, the filter module 42 filters impurities in stages according to the different pore sizes of its inner and outer filter layers, and non-metallic impurities are intercepted on the filter module 42. As time goes by and the lubricating oil continues to flow, the non-metallic impurities intercepted by the filter module 42 gradually fall down under the action of gravity. Since the impurity collection tank 43 is located at the bottom of the second impurity collection chamber 41 and directly below the filter module 42, these falling non-metallic impurities will fall precisely into the impurity collection tank 43, thereby achieving centralized collection of non-metallic impurities.
[0056] In this optional embodiment, the impurity collection trough 43 is located below the filter module 42, providing a clear collection location for non-metallic impurities. Compared to the case without the impurity collection trough 43, non-metallic impurities will not scatter randomly at the bottom of the second impurity collection chamber 41, but will instead be concentrated in the impurity collection trough 43, making the collection of impurities more efficient and orderly, and facilitating subsequent processing and cleaning of the impurities.
[0057] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A self-lubricating device for a guide bearing, characterized in that, It includes a flow guiding component (1), a return flow component (2), and an intelligent sensing and adaptive adjustment module; The flow guiding assembly (1) includes an oil guide plate (11) and an oil collection tank (12); the oil collection tank (12) is disposed on the inner wall of the lubricating oil tank of the guide bearing, and the oil collection tank (12) has an oil collection port (121) on the side facing the inside of the lubricating oil tank; the oil guide plate (11) is disposed inside the lubricating oil tank, and the oil guide plate (11) forms an oil guide groove (111), the first end (112) of the oil guide groove (111) and the oil collection tank are connected. The opening (121) is connected, and the oil guide groove (111) extends downward at an incline from the first end (112) to the second end (113) toward the bottom wall of the lubricating oil tank. The extension direction of the oil guide groove (111) from the first end (112) to the second end (113) is opposite to the rotation direction of the main shaft, so as to guide the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil tank from the second end (113) of the oil guide groove (111) through the first end (112) to the oil collection tank (12). The reflux assembly (2) includes a reflux main pipe (21) and a multi-channel oil separator; one end of the reflux main pipe (21) is connected to the oil collection tank (12), and the other end is connected to the multi-channel oil separator; The multi-channel oil distributor extends radially along the lubricating oil tank to the lubrication area above the guide bearing (6), and the multi-channel oil distributor is provided with at least three independent oil outlets, corresponding to the inner ring raceway, outer ring raceway and cage of the guide bearing (6) respectively; each independent oil outlet is provided with an independent micro flow valve, and the end of the oil outlet is provided with a fan-shaped oil nozzle, the oil spraying direction of the fan-shaped oil nozzle is consistent with the rolling movement direction of the guide bearing (6); The intelligent sensing and adaptive adjustment module includes a temperature sensor, a speed sensor, a controller, and an electric regulating valve; the temperature sensor is embedded in the outer ring sidewall of the guide bearing (6) and is used to detect the real-time temperature of the guide bearing; the speed sensor is set at the end of the spindle (7) and is used to detect the real-time speed of the spindle; the electric regulating valve is installed on the return main pipe (21); the controller is electrically connected to the micro flow valve, the temperature sensor, the speed sensor, and the electric regulating valve respectively.
2. The self-lubricating device for guide bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side of the oil guide plate (11) is connected to the inner wall of the lubricating oil tank.
3. The self-lubricating device for guide bearings according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The width of the first end (112) of the oil guide groove (111) is smaller than the width of the second end (113) of the oil guide groove (111), and the width of the oil guide groove (111) gradually increases from the first end (112) to the second end (113).
4. The self-lubricating device for guide bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a mounting plate (22), which is connected to the outer wall of the return main pipe (21) and to the bottom wall of the lubricating oil tank.
5. The self-lubricating device for guide bearings according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting plate (22) is provided with a plurality of anti-surge holes (221) that extend through its thickness direction.
6. The self-lubricating device for guide bearings according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a lubricating oil circulation and purification unit, which includes a circulation pump, a working condition adaptation module, and an upgraded impurity removal component; the circulation pump is connected in series on the return main pipe (21) and located between the oil collection tank (12) and the electric regulating valve; the working condition adaptation module includes a heating element and a cooling coil, the heating element is wrapped around the outer wall of the return main pipe (21), and the cooling coil is sleeved on the outside of the return main pipe (21) and connected to the external cooling system, and both are electrically connected to the controller; the upgraded impurity removal component... The miscellaneous component includes a first miscellaneous collection box (3) and a second miscellaneous collection box (4), both of which are connected to the same side of the mounting plate (22). The first miscellaneous collection box (3) is located near the anti-surge hole (221) of the guide bearing. The first miscellaneous collection box (3) has a first miscellaneous collection cavity (31), which communicates with the corresponding anti-surge hole (221). The extension direction of the first miscellaneous collection cavity (31) is consistent with the flow direction of the lubricating oil. The first impurity collection chamber (31) is equipped with a permanent magnet impurity removal module (32) for adsorbing metallic impurities in the lubricating oil; the second impurity collection box (4) is located away from the anti-surge hole (221) of the guide bearing, and the second impurity collection box (4) is equipped with a second impurity collection chamber (41), which is connected to the corresponding anti-surge hole (221), and the extension direction of the second impurity collection chamber (41) is consistent with the flow direction of the lubricating oil; the second impurity collection box (4) is equipped with a filter module (42) for filtering non-metallic impurities in the lubricating oil.
7. The self-lubricating device for guide bearings according to claim 6, characterized in that, The permanent magnet impurity removal module (32) includes multiple permanent magnet blocks (321) of different thicknesses, which are arranged in a stepped manner along the axial direction of the lubricating oil tank in the first impurity collection cavity (31).
8. The self-lubricating device for guide bearings according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom of the permanent magnet impurity removal module (32) is equipped with a gravity sensor (322), which is used to detect the mass of metal impurities collected by the permanent magnet impurity removal module (32) and is configured to send the detected mass signal to an external device.
9. The self-lubricating device for guide bearings according to claim 6, characterized in that, The filter module (42) includes an inner filter and an outer filter. The inner filter is disposed on the side wall of the second impurity collection chamber (41), and the outer filter is disposed on the outside of the inner filter. The pore size of the inner filter is larger than that of the outer filter.
10. The self-lubricating device for guide bearings according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second collection box (4) is provided with a collection trough (43), which is located at the bottom of the second collection cavity (41) and below the filter module (42), and is used to collect non-metallic impurities filtered out by the filter module (42).