Liquid helium storage and filling device and filling pressure regulation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a liquid helium storage and transportation refueling device and a refueling pressure control method. By setting up a pressurization component and a depressurization component on the storage tank body, the refueling liquid in the containment cavity is vaporized or liquefied through heating and condensation. Only the heating element needs to be activated to raise the temperature in the containment cavity, causing the refueling liquid to vaporize, thereby increasing the pressure in the cavity and increasing the refueling rate. During the depressurization process, there is no need to discharge the vaporized refueling liquid. The cooling element in the depressurization component is used to lower the temperature of the vaporized liquid and promote its reliquefaction, effectively reducing the pressure in the containment cavity. This allows for dynamic adjustment of the pressure in the containment cavity, thereby precisely controlling the refueling rate according to actual needs. This refueling device achieves precise control of the refueling process, improves refueling efficiency, reduces resource waste through internal recycling, and enhances the environmental performance of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of liquid helium loading technology, specifically relating to a liquid helium storage and transportation filling device and a filling pressure control method. Background Technology

[0002] Helium has a wide range of applications in many industrial fields, including aerospace, defense, cryogenic physics, gas phase analysis, welding, leak detection, chemical vapor deposition, crystal growth, plasma etching, particle accelerators, cryogenic superconductivity and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Many of these applications involve the storage and transportation of liquid helium.

[0003] Helium has an extremely low liquefaction point and is very prone to vaporization, which means that liquid helium easily vaporizes during loading and transportation in liquid helium tank trucks. To maintain the cryogenic environment and prevent liquid helium vaporization, liquid nitrogen needs to be injected into the insulation layer of the tank truck. In existing technology, liquid nitrogen is added to the tank truck through a liquid nitrogen storage tank. During the filling process, the pressure inside the storage tank is adjusted by the cooperation of a pressure boosting valve and an exhaust valve to regulate the filling rate. However, because liquid nitrogen also easily vaporizes, when the pressure inside the storage tank increases, the vaporized liquid nitrogen can only be discharged through the exhaust valve, resulting in a significant waste of liquid nitrogen.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a filling device and system that can adjust the filling pressure at any time without wasting liquid nitrogen is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a liquid helium storage and transportation refueling device and a refueling pressure control method to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A liquid helium storage and transportation refueling device includes a storage tank body, a refueling assembly, a pressurization assembly, a depressurization assembly, and a control valve; The storage tank body is provided with a sealed cavity for storing the added liquid; The filling assembly is disposed on the tank body and includes at least one fluid channel. One end of the fluid channel is connected to the receiving cavity, and the other end is used to connect to the filling interface of the device to be filled. The pressurizing component is disposed on the tank body and is used to pressurize the filling liquid inside the tank body; the depressurizing component is disposed on the tank body and is used to reduce the pressure of the filling liquid inside the tank body. The regulating valve is installed on the tank body and is connected to the pressurizing component and the depressurizing component. It is used to control the pressurizing component and the depressurizing component to adjust the pressure in the containment cavity.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a shell, a heat insulation component, and a pressure sensor; a first heat insulation cavity is provided between the shell and the tank body, and the heating element is a heating coil disposed in the heat insulation cavity; the heat insulation component is disposed in the heat insulation cavity and is alternately disposed with the heating element; the pressure sensor is disposed in the receiving cavity for monitoring the pressure of the receiving cavity.

[0008] Preferably, a second heat insulation cavity and a third heat insulation cavity are sequentially arranged between the first heat insulation cavity and the shell, wherein the second heat insulation cavity is a vacuum cavity and the third heat insulation cavity is filled with heat insulation material.

[0009] Preferably, the pressurization assembly includes a heating element for heating the filling liquid inside the storage tank; the depressurization assembly includes a cooling element for reducing the temperature of the filling liquid.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure-reducing assembly further includes an air chamber with a sealed accommodating space located at the top of the accommodating cavity. A cooling element is disposed in the air chamber. The air chamber has an air inlet and a liquid outlet communicating with the accommodating cavity. The air inlet is provided with a first regulating valve, and the liquid outlet is provided with a second regulating valve.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a movable component disposed at the bottom of the tank body.

[0012] Preferably, the filling assembly further includes a filling hose disposed at one end of the fluid channel for docking with the device to be filled, and the inner wall of the filling hose is provided with a phase change coating.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes an exhaust port, which is disposed on the tank body, and the exhaust port is provided with a third regulating valve.

[0014] A method for regulating the filling pressure of a liquid helium storage and transportation filling device includes the following steps: real-time acquisition of the pressure of the filling liquid in the receiving cavity of the storage tank body; when the pressure of the filling liquid in the receiving cavity of the storage tank body is lower than a set threshold, pressurizing the receiving cavity of the storage tank body through a pressurizing component until the set value is reached; when the pressure of the filling liquid in the receiving cavity of the storage tank body is higher than the set threshold, pressurizing the receiving cavity of the storage tank body through a pressurizing component until the set value is reached.

[0015] Preferably, the pressurization component uses a heating element and the depressurization component uses a cooling element. The liquid being added in the containment cavity is vaporized or liquefied by heating and condensation to dynamically regulate the pressure inside the cavity.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: This invention provides a liquid helium storage and transportation refueling device, including a storage tank body, a refueling assembly, a pressurizing assembly, a depressurizing assembly, and a control valve. By installing the pressurizing and depressurizing assemblies on the storage tank body, the pressurizing assembly increases the pressure within the containment cavity when pressurization is required, thereby increasing the refueling rate. During depressurization, there is no need to discharge the vaporized refueling liquid; the depressurizing assembly simply reduces the pressure within the storage tank body, effectively decreasing the pressure within the containment cavity. This refueling device achieves precise control of the refueling process, improves refueling efficiency, reduces resource waste through internal recycling, and enhances the system's environmental performance. Specifically, heating and condensation are used to vaporize or liquefy the liquid being added in the containment chamber. Simply activate the heating element to raise the temperature inside the containment chamber, causing the liquid to vaporize and thus increasing the pressure inside the chamber, thereby increasing the filling rate. During the depressurization process, there is no need to discharge the vaporized liquid. Instead, the cooling element in the depressurization component lowers the temperature of the vaporized liquid, causing it to liquefy again, effectively reducing the pressure inside the containment chamber. This allows for dynamic adjustment of the pressure inside the containment chamber, thereby precisely controlling the filling rate according to actual needs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dispensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Tank body; 111. Receiving cavity; 2. Liquid filling; 3. Filling assembly; 4. Heating element; 5. Cooling element; 6. Control valve; 7. Outer shell; 71. First insulation cavity; 72. Second insulation cavity; 73. Third insulation cavity; 8. Insulation assembly; 9. Air chamber; 91. Receiving space; 92. Air inlet; 921. First control valve; 93. Drain outlet; 931. Second control valve; 10. Moving assembly; 101. Chassis; 102. Casters; 11. Exhaust port; 112. Third control valve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a liquid helium storage and transportation refueling device, comprising: a storage tank body 1 having a sealed receiving cavity 111 for storing refueling liquid 2; a refueling assembly 3 disposed on the storage tank body 1 and including at least one fluid channel, one end of the fluid channel communicating with the receiving cavity 111 and the other end for docking with the refueling interface of the device to be refueled; a pressurizing assembly disposed on the storage tank body 1, the pressurizing assembly including a heating element 4 for heating the refueling liquid 2 in the storage tank body 1; a depressurizing assembly disposed on the storage tank body 1, the depressurizing assembly including a cooling element 5 for reducing the temperature of the refueling liquid 2, causing it to change from a gaseous state to a liquid state; and a regulating valve 6 disposed on the storage tank body 1 and connected to the pressurizing assembly and the depressurizing assembly for controlling the pressurizing assembly and the depressurizing assembly to regulate the pressure in the receiving cavity 111.

[0022] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the storage tank body 1 can be a vertical storage tank, a horizontal storage tank, a spherical storage tank, or an arched storage tank; no specific limitation is made on the type of storage tank. The receiving cavity 111 of the storage tank body 1 can be of any shape, such as a cylindrical cavity, a spherical cavity, etc., and the size of the storage tank body 1 can be set according to actual needs. The filling assembly 3 is used to transfer the filling liquid 2 from the storage tank body 1 to the filling device, which can be a mobile tank truck or other equipment. The filling assembly 3 includes a filling pipe, one end of which extends into the receiving cavity 111 of the storage tank body 1, and the other end connects to the filling port of the filling device. The connection of the filling pipe is made by a quick connector, flange, or other connecting parts.

[0023] In specific embodiments of this application, the added liquid 2 includes, but is not limited to, liquid nitrogen.

[0024] In a specific embodiment of this application, the pressurizing assembly is used to increase the pressure within the receiving cavity 111. It includes a heating element 4, which can be disposed on the bottom, side wall, or top of the receiving cavity 111 of the tank body 1. The heating element 4 can directly contact the injected liquid 2 for heating, or it can be disposed on the side of the receiving cavity 111 wall away from the injected liquid 2, heating the injected liquid 2 through the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 111. Specifically, the heating element 4 is an electric heating tube, which is made by winding resistance wire around a ceramic or metal tube and wrapping it with insulating material. When energized, the resistance wire heats up, converting electrical energy into heat energy and transferring it to the injected liquid. The heating element 4 uses a spiral pipe made of corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel or copper, with a heating coil containing flowing hot water or steam.

[0025] In a specific embodiment of this application, a pressure-reducing component is used to reduce the pressure in the receiving cavity 111. This component includes a cooling element 5, which cools the vaporized refrigerant 2 and can be mounted on the tank body 1 on the side of the receiving cavity 111 near its top. The cooling element 5 specifically includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator. The compressor has two ports: a suction port and a discharge port. Its suction port is directly connected to the evaporator outlet via a refrigeration pipeline to draw in the refrigerant discharged from the evaporator. The discharge port is directly connected to the condenser inlet via a refrigeration pipeline to deliver the compressed refrigerant to the condenser. The condenser inlet is connected to the compressor discharge port via a refrigeration pipeline to receive refrigerant from the compressor. The condenser outlet is directly connected to the expansion valve inlet via a refrigeration pipeline to deliver the condensed refrigerant to the expansion valve. In some refrigeration systems, a dryer filter is connected in series between the condenser outlet and the expansion valve inlet to filter impurities and absorb moisture in the refrigerant. However, the dryer filter is not a core connecting component and does not change the direct connection logic between the condenser and the expansion valve. The expansion valve inlet is connected to the condenser outlet or dryer filter outlet via refrigeration piping to receive refrigerant from the condenser. The expansion valve outlet is directly connected to the evaporator inlet via refrigeration piping, delivering the throttled and depressurized refrigerant to the evaporator. The evaporator inlet is connected to the expansion valve outlet via refrigeration piping to receive the refrigerant delivered by the expansion valve. The evaporator outlet is directly connected to the compressor suction port via refrigeration piping, returning the heat-absorbing refrigerant to the compressor, forming a complete loop where the refrigerant circulates between these components. The refrigerant absorbs heat and vaporizes in the evaporator, then is compressed into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by the compressor. It releases heat and condenses back into a liquid state in the condenser, finally being throttled and cooled by the expansion valve before re-entering the evaporator to absorb heat. Alternatively, the cooling element 5 can be a semiconductor thermoelectric cooler; when current passes through the thermoelectric stack, one side heats up while the other absorbs heat, thus achieving the cooling function. Alternatively, the cooling element 5 can be a cooling coil, which uses cooling water to contact the vaporized charged liquid 2 in the storage tank via pipes, liquefying it.

[0026] In this specific embodiment, the control valve 6 is signal-connected to the pressurizing and depressurizing components, specifically via wired or wireless signal connection. The control valve 6 controls the opening and closing of the pressurizing and depressurizing components. When the filling rate needs to be increased, the pressurizing component can be activated via the control valve 6, causing the heating element 4 to operate. When the filling rate needs to be decreased, the pressurizing component can be closed via the control valve 6, causing the heating element 4 to stop operating and the cooling element 5 to be activated to cool the vaporized filling liquid 2. The control valve 6 can control the pressurizing and depressurizing components to start or stop simultaneously, or it can control the pressurizing and depressurizing components to start or stop individually.

[0027] This application provides a liquid helium storage and transportation refueling device. By installing a pressurization component and a depressurization component on the storage tank body 1, the pressurization component uses a heating element 4, and the depressurization component uses a cooling element 5. Heating and condensation are used to vaporize or liquefy the refueling liquid 2 within the containment chamber 111, dynamically adjusting the pressure within the chamber to precisely control the refueling rate according to actual needs. Specifically, when pressurization is required, only the heating element 4 needs to be activated to raise the temperature within the containment chamber 111, causing the refueling liquid 2 to vaporize, thereby increasing the pressure within the chamber and increasing the refueling rate. During depressurization, there is no need to discharge the vaporized refueling liquid 2; only the cooling element 5 in the depressurization component needs to be activated to lower the temperature of the vaporized liquid, causing it to reliquefy, effectively reducing the pressure within the containment chamber 111. This refueling device achieves precise control of the refueling process, improves refueling efficiency, reduces resource waste through internal recycling, and enhances the system's environmental performance.

[0028] In a specific embodiment of this application, the device further includes an outer shell 7, a first heat insulation cavity 71 between the outer shell 7 and the storage tank body 1, a heating element 4 being a heating coil disposed in the heat insulation cavity, a heat insulation component 8 disposed in the heat insulation cavity and interleaved with the heating element 4, and a pressure sensor disposed in the receiving cavity 111 for monitoring the pressure of the receiving cavity 111.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, a first heat insulation cavity 71 is provided between the outer shell 7 and the storage tank body 1. The first heat insulation cavity 71 is a closed space with a heating coil inside. The size of the first heat insulation cavity 71 can be set according to the size of the heating coil. A certain distance can be maintained between the heating coil and the wall of the first heat insulation cavity 71 to form an air gap, which can be filled with heat insulation material, such as fiberglass. This arrangement can concentrate heat more in the interior of the heating coil, reduce heat loss to the external environment, and improve heating efficiency, that is, increase the vaporization rate of the added liquid 2 and accelerate the rate of pressure increase in the containment cavity 111. In addition, the heating coil can be in contact with the wall of the first heat insulation cavity 71, so that the cavity wall of the first heat insulation cavity 71 provides certain support for the heating coil and stabilizes it. This arrangement can also allow the heat from the heating coil to be transferred to the added liquid 2 in the storage tank body 1 more quickly and directly. The insulation component 8 can also be a spiral coil structure, with a flowing cooling medium inside. It can be installed inside the first insulation chamber 71 and maintains a rated preset temperature, such as for cooling the injected liquid 2. The insulation component 8 can be arranged alternately with the heating coil to prevent local overcooling or overheating. Due to the alternating arrangement, the insulation component 8 and the heating coil can be in contact or have a preset distance between them. When the pressurization component receives a command from the control valve 6 to increase pressure, the heating coil opens and can directly act on the insulation component 8, allowing for efficient heat transfer between them and reducing local temperature differences. This helps maintain temperature uniformity throughout the insulation chamber and avoids local overcooling or overheating. When the pressurization component receives a command from the control valve 6 to decrease pressure, the heating element 4 stops closing, and the insulation component 8 can directly act on the heating element 4, effectively preventing the remaining heat of the heating element 4 from dissipating outward, maintaining a certain temperature gradient, and contributing to a smooth cooling process. A pressure sensor can be installed inside the receiving cavity 111 to monitor pressure changes within the cavity 111. To ensure measurement accuracy, pressure sensors can be installed at different locations within the receiving cavity 111, and the average value of multiple pressure sensors can be taken as the final pressure value within the receiving cavity 111.

[0030] In a specific embodiment of this application, the pressure reduction component further includes: an air chamber 9 having a sealed accommodating space 91 located at the top of the accommodating cavity 111, a cooling element 5 disposed in the air chamber 9, the air chamber 9 having an air inlet 92 and a drain outlet 93 communicating with the accommodating cavity 111, and the air inlet 92 being provided with a first regulating valve 921, and the drain outlet 93 being provided with a second regulating valve 931.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the gas chamber 9 is located at the top of the receiving cavity 111, and its size can be set according to the size of the receiving cavity 111. The gas chamber 9 has a sealed receiving space 91. Cooling elements 5 can be installed in the gas chamber 9. The cavity wall of the gas chamber 9 can be made of heat-insulating material. The gas chamber 9 provides a separate condensation space for the filling device. The cooling elements 5 can be installed at the top of the gas chamber 9 away from the filling liquid 2, or they can be installed on each cavity wall of the gas chamber 9. In addition, in order to accelerate the condensation rate, multiple cooling elements 5 can be installed, with adjacent cooling elements 5 spaced apart, to increase the contact area between the vaporized filling liquid 2 and the cooling elements 5. The gas chamber 9 has an air inlet 92 and a liquid outlet 93 communicating with the receiving cavity 111. The number of air inlets 92 can be one or more. The air inlet 92 is equipped with a first regulating valve 921, which is signal-connected to the control valve 6. When the control valve 6 issues a command to reduce or increase pressure, the first regulating valve 921 can adjust its opening size based on the command, thereby regulating the gas flow rate. The number of drain ports 93 can be one or more. To facilitate the outflow of the liquefied liquid 2 in the gas chamber 9, the drain ports 93 can be located at the bottom of the gas chamber 9. The drain ports 93 are equipped with a second regulating valve 931, which is connected to the control valve 6. When the control valve 6 issues a pressure reduction command, the second regulating valve 931 can open based on the command, allowing the liquefied liquid 2 in the gas chamber 9 to flow out in a timely manner.

[0032] In a specific embodiment of this application, it further includes: a movable component 10, disposed at the bottom of the tank body 1.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, to facilitate the movement of the filling device according to the position of the device to be filled, and to avoid the use of long pipelines and long pre-cooling time, which would result in waste of the filling liquid 2, a moving assembly 10 can be installed at the bottom of the storage tank body 1. The moving assembly 10 may include a chassis 101 for supporting the storage tank body 1, and the bottom of the chassis 101 is provided with casters 102, which can be directional casters or omnidirectional casters. In addition, a lifting rod can also be installed at the lower part of the chassis 101. The lifting rod can be a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, which can raise and lower the chassis 101 according to the position of the filling port of the device to be filled, thereby adjusting the height of the storage tank body 1 for easy filling.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of this application, the filling component 3 further includes a filling hose disposed at one end of the fluid channel for docking with the device to be filled, and the inner wall of the filling hose is provided with a phase change coating.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, a phase change coating can be applied inside the filling hose. The phase change material can store heat at low temperatures and release heat at high temperatures, thereby reducing heat loss caused by the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the hose. The phase change coating not only provides heat insulation but also protects the hose from extreme temperatures, reduces the risk of aging and damage, and extends its service life.

[0036] In a specific embodiment of this application, it further includes: an exhaust port 11, which is disposed on the tank body 1, and the exhaust port 11 is provided with a third regulating valve 112.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, to prevent the cooling element 5 of the pressure-reducing assembly from malfunctioning and thus failing to condense the vaporized filling liquid 2, the tank body 1 is provided with an exhaust port 11. There may be one or more exhaust ports 11, and the exhaust ports 11 may be located at the top of the tank body 1. The exhaust port 11 is equipped with a third regulating valve 112, the opening of which can be manually controlled.

[0038] In a specific embodiment of this application, a second heat insulation cavity 72 and a third heat insulation cavity 73 are sequentially provided between the first heat insulation cavity 71 and the shell, wherein the second heat insulation cavity 72 is a vacuum cavity and the third heat insulation cavity 73 is filled with heat insulation material.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second insulation chamber 72 is in a vacuum state, with air and other gases removed through a vacuuming process, creating an environment free from heat conduction and convection. To maintain the shape of the second insulation chamber 72 and prevent it from deforming or rupturing under the pressure difference between the inside and outside, a small support structure, such as a fiberglass support, can be installed inside the vacuum chamber. Insulation materials, such as fiberglass or polyurethane foam, can be installed inside the third insulation chamber 73. By sequentially arranging the first insulation chamber 71, the second insulation chamber 72, and the third insulation chamber 73 between the outer shell 7 and the tank body 1, the insulation performance of the filling device can be improved.

[0040] In a specific embodiment of this application, a liquid nitrogen filling system is also provided, specifically including multiple filling devices and a control component. The control component is connected to a regulating valve 6, a first regulating valve 921, a second regulating valve 931, a third regulating valve 112, and a pressure sensor. Multiple filling devices can simultaneously fill one device to be filled, or they can individually fill multiple devices to be filled. The control component is used to send control commands to or receive commands from the regulating valves 6, 921, 931, 112, and pressure sensor of each filling device. Additionally, each filling device may also be equipped with a flow meter and a temperature monitor. For example, the control component may be a control panel integrating automated management, real-time monitoring, precise adjustment, safety protection, and remote monitoring and operation functions, capable of real-time monitoring of the working status of the pressure sensor, flow meter, thermometer, pressurization component, and depressurization component.

[0041] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for regulating the refueling pressure based on the liquid helium storage and refueling device is provided, comprising the following steps: The pressure of the liquid being injected into the storage tank cavity is acquired in real time. When the pressure of the liquid being injected into the storage tank cavity is lower than a set threshold, the pressure is increased in the storage tank cavity by the pressurization component until the set value is reached. When the pressure of the liquid being injected into the storage tank cavity is higher than the set threshold, the pressure is increased in the storage tank cavity by the pressurization component until the set value is reached.

[0042] Specifically, the pressurization component uses a heating element, and the depressurization component uses a cooling element. The liquid being added into the containment chamber is vaporized or liquefied by heating and condensation to dynamically regulate the pressure inside the chamber.

[0043] The control component can automatically control the start-up or shutdown of the pressurization and depressurization components according to preset programs or user commands. It can also control the heating rate of the heating unit in the pressurization component and the cooling rate of the cooling unit in the depressurization component to regulate the filling rate. Pressure sensors can acquire pressure data within the receiving cavity 111 to ensure the internal pressure remains within a safe range. A temperature monitor can also monitor the temperature changes of the filling liquid 2 in real time to prevent safety hazards or equipment damage caused by temperature fluctuations.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid helium storage, transportation, and refueling device, characterized in that, Tank body (1), filling assembly (3), pressurization assembly, depressurization assembly and control valve (6); The tank body (1) is provided with a sealed receiving cavity (111) for storing the filling liquid (2). The filling component (3) is disposed on the tank body (1) and includes at least one fluid channel. One end of the fluid channel is connected to the receiving cavity (111), and the other end is used to connect to the filling interface of the device to be filled. The pressurization component is disposed on the tank body (1) and is used to pressurize the filling liquid (2) inside the tank body (1); The pressure reducing component is disposed on the tank body (1) and is used to reduce the pressure of the liquid (2) added inside the tank body (1); The regulating valve (6) is installed on the tank body (1). The regulating valve (6) is connected to the pressurizing component and the depressurizing component and is used to control the pressurizing component and the depressurizing component to adjust the pressure in the receiving cavity (111). It also includes a shell (7), a heat insulation component (8) and a pressure sensor. The pressurization assembly includes a heating element (4) for heating the filling liquid (2) inside the storage tank body (1); the depressurization assembly includes a cooling element (5) for reducing the temperature of the filling liquid (2), and the depressurization assembly also includes a gas chamber (9), which has a sealed receiving space (91) located at the top of the receiving cavity (111), the cooling element (5) is disposed in the gas chamber (9), and the gas chamber (9) has an air inlet communicating with the receiving cavity (111). (92) and drain port (93), and the air inlet (92) is provided with a first regulating valve (921), and the drain port (93) is provided with a second regulating valve (931); when the regulating valve (6) issues a command to reduce or increase pressure, the first regulating valve (921) can adjust its opening size based on the command to regulate the air flow rate; when the regulating valve (6) issues a command to reduce pressure, the second regulating valve (931) can open based on the command to allow the liquefied filling liquid (2) in the air chamber (9) to flow out in time; A first heat insulation cavity (71) is provided between the outer shell (7) and the storage tank body (1). The heating element (4) is a heating coil and is located in the first heat insulation cavity. The heat insulation component (8) is located in the heat insulation cavity and is staggered with the heating element (4). The pressure sensor is located in the receiving cavity (111) to monitor the pressure of the receiving cavity (111). The filling component (3) also includes a filling hose, which is located at one end of the fluid channel for docking with the device to be filled. The inner wall of the filling hose is provided with a phase change coating.

2. The liquid helium storage, transportation, and refueling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second heat insulation cavity (72) and a third heat insulation cavity (73) are sequentially arranged between the first heat insulation cavity (71) and the shell, wherein the second heat insulation cavity (72) is a vacuum cavity and the third heat insulation cavity (73) is filled with heat insulation material.

3. The liquid helium storage, transportation, and refueling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a movable component (10) disposed at the bottom of the tank body (1).

4. The liquid helium storage, transportation, and refueling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an exhaust port (11) located on the tank body (1), and the exhaust port (11) is provided with a third regulating valve (112).

5. A method for regulating the refueling pressure of a liquid helium storage and refueling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The pressure of the liquid being injected into the storage tank cavity is acquired in real time. When the pressure of the liquid being injected into the storage tank cavity is lower than a set threshold, the pressure is increased in the storage tank cavity by the pressurization component until the set value is reached. When the pressure of the liquid being injected into the storage tank cavity is higher than the set threshold, the pressure is reduced in the storage tank cavity by the depressurization component until the set value is reached.

6. The method for regulating the filling pressure of the liquid helium storage and transportation filling device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pressurization component uses a heating element, and the depressurization component uses a cooling element. The liquid being added into the containment chamber is vaporized or liquefied by heating or condensation in order to dynamically regulate the pressure inside the chamber.

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