Anchoring chain system and method for adjusting a floating offshore wind foundation

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of offshore wind power, and discloses an anchor chain winding and unwinding system for a floating offshore wind power foundation and an adjusting method. The anchor chain winding and unwinding system comprises a foundation state monitoring system, an anchor chain winding and unwinding device, an anchor chain monitoring device and a control system. The foundation state monitoring system monitors the foundation inclination angle in real time, the anchor chain winding and unwinding device is used for winding and unwinding anchor chain pieces, the anchor chain monitoring device monitors the anchor chain tension, and the control system receives the monitoring signals. When the inclination angle is greater than or equal to a set threshold and the wind turbine generates power, the control system calculates the target tension value required for each anchor chain piece to restore balance, controls the anchor chain winding and unwinding device to perform tightening or loosening operation, and locks and fixes when the real-time tension reaches the target value. The present application realizes automatic leveling of the foundation posture by actively controlling the anchor chain tension, replaces the traditional ballast water tank system, has the advantages of simple maintenance, low cost, fast response, accurate adjustment and the like, and can effectively improve the stability and power generation efficiency of the floating wind turbine in complex sea conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore wind power technology, specifically to an anchor chain deployment and retrieval system and adjustment method for floating offshore wind power foundations. Background Technology

[0002] Floating offshore wind power is a key technology for developing deep-sea wind energy resources. Unlike fixed foundations, floating foundations will generate six degrees of freedom of motion under the complex environmental loads of wind, waves, and currents. Among them, the tilt of the foundation has a particularly significant impact on the operation of the wind turbine. An excessive tilt angle will increase the stress at the base of the tower, affect the life of the transmission system, and reduce the wind turbine's alignment accuracy, thereby leading to a decrease in power generation efficiency.

[0003] Currently, the traditional solution to the tilting problem of floating wind turbine foundations is to install a ballast water tank system inside the foundation. This system adjusts the foundation's center of gravity and buoyancy by pumping ballast water to achieve attitude balance. However, this system has significant drawbacks: the mechanical equipment (such as pumps, valves, and pipelines) is exposed to the corrosive marine environment for extended periods, resulting in a high failure rate; maintenance and repair require specialized personnel and vessels, leading to very high maintenance costs; the ballast water adjustment process has a relatively slow response time, making it difficult to quickly adapt to dynamically changing environmental loads, especially under high sea states, where the adjustment effect is limited; and this type of ballast system itself increases the weight and structural complexity of the foundation.

[0004] Besides the ballast system, the mooring system is the core of maintaining the position of a floating foundation. However, the main function of traditional mooring systems is mooring and positioning. Their anchor chains or cables are tensioned and fixed after initial installation, and the tension cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the foundation's attitude, thus lacking the ability to actively resist foundation tilting.

[0005] Therefore, designing a technical device that can overcome the tilting state of floating wind turbines in a long-term, effective, and automatic manner, while also being easy to maintain, cost-effective, and responsive, has become a pressing technical challenge in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides an anchor chain deployment and retrieval system and adjustment method for floating offshore wind power foundations to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an anchor chain deployment and retrieval system for a floating offshore wind turbine foundation, the floating offshore wind turbine foundation comprising a wind turbine column and multiple auxiliary columns fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the wind turbine column, each of the auxiliary columns being connected to an anchor foundation via multiple anchor chains, the anchor chain deployment and retrieval system comprising: A foundation condition monitoring system is fixedly installed on the floating offshore wind turbine foundation to monitor the tilt angle of the foundation in real time. An anchor chain retraction device is correspondingly installed on each of the sub-posts, and the anchor chain retraction device is connected to the anchor chain component in a transmission manner; An anchor chain monitoring device is installed on the anchor chain take-up and take-down device to monitor the tension of the corresponding anchor chain component in real time; The control system is communicatively connected to the foundation status monitoring system, the anchor chain take-up and release device, and the anchor chain monitoring device, respectively. The control system is configured as follows: Receive the tilt angle signal and the wind turbine operating status signal output by the basic condition monitoring system; When the tilt angle is greater than or equal to a set threshold and the wind turbine is in power generation mode, the target tension value required to restore the balance of each anchor chain is calculated based on the current tilt angle and the real-time tension of each anchor chain component. The anchor chain retraction device is controlled to tighten or loosen the corresponding anchor chain components, and the real-time tension fed back by the anchor chain monitoring device is compared with the target tension value in real time. When the real-time tension reaches the target tension value, the anchor chain retraction device is controlled to lock and fix the anchor chain component.

[0008] Beneficial Effects: This application enables automatic adjustment of the foundation attitude. Specifically, the foundation status monitoring system monitors the tilt angle in real time. The control system calculates the target tension value based on the monitoring data and anchor chain tension, and controls the anchor chain retrieval device to tighten or loosen accordingly, ensuring that the auxiliary column and turbine column are in the desired horizontal state. This allows for automatic adjustment of the tilt state of the floating offshore wind turbine foundation without manual intervention, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of adjustment. Adjustment is only performed when the tilt angle is greater than or equal to a set threshold and the turbine is generating power, effectively avoiding reduced wind turbine alignment accuracy due to foundation tilt, thus minimizing the decrease in power generation efficiency and contributing to improved overall power generation performance of floating offshore wind power. Compared with traditional ballast tank systems, the anchor chain retrieval system can quickly follow dynamically changing environmental loads and adjust anchor chain tension in a timely manner. Even in high sea states, it can better maintain the foundation's balance, enhancing the adaptability and stability of the floating offshore wind turbine foundation in complex marine environments. Furthermore, it reduces the configuration of mechanical equipment in traditional ballast systems, avoiding the high failure rate and high maintenance costs caused by these devices being exposed to the corrosive marine environment for a long time. It also reduces the additional costs associated with the professional personnel and vessels required for equipment maintenance. The elimination of the need for an additional ballast tank system reduces the weight of the floating foundation, simplifies the foundation structure, and helps to reduce the construction cost and difficulty of the foundation, thereby improving the economy and reliability of the offshore wind power system.

[0009] In some embodiments, the secondary column, the anchor foundation, and the anchor chain take-up and release device are centrally symmetrically distributed on the outer periphery of the wind turbine column; Each of the sub-posts is provided with at least two anchor chain members, and any two anchor chain members are arranged at a first included angle; the anchor chain retraction device is installed on the sub-post, the mounting end of the anchor chain member is fixedly connected to the anchor chain retraction device, and the connecting end of the anchor chain member is fixedly connected to the anchor foundation.

[0010] Beneficial effects: The sub-pillars, anchor foundations, and anchor chain deployment / retraction devices are centrally symmetrically distributed on the outer periphery of the wind turbine pillars. This symmetrical layout makes the entire floating offshore wind turbine foundation structure more balanced and stable, which is conducive to uniform load distribution and improves the foundation's load-bearing capacity and anti-overturning ability. At least two anchor chain members are installed on each sub-pillar, with the anchor chains forming a first angle between them. Through the synergistic tension of multiple anchor chains and the angled arrangement, the foundation can be tensioned from multiple directions, increasing the dimensionality and flexibility of adjustment. This allows for more precise control of the foundation's attitude, enabling it to maintain better balance in complex and changing marine environments.

[0011] In some embodiments, the anchor chain take-up and drop device includes: A winch is installed on the secondary column and is connected to the mounting end of the anchor chain. The winch is used to raise and lower the anchor chain. A guide member is installed on the sub-column. The guide member is configured as a rigid component, and the anchor chain is slidably disposed within the guide member. A clamping assembly is installed on the secondary column. The clamping assembly is disposed between the winch and the guide member. The anchor chain is movably disposed within the clamping assembly. The guide member is arranged collinearly with the direction of extension of the clamping assembly and the direction of movement of the anchor chain within the clamping assembly. The clamping assembly is used to lock or unlock the anchor chain after it reaches the target tension.

[0012] Beneficial effects: The winch adjusts the anchor chain by extending and retracting it, allowing for changes in chain length and tension, thus regulating the foundation's attitude. The guide mechanism provides a stable sliding channel for the anchor chain, ensuring alignment and smooth movement during extension and retraction, preventing entanglement or jamming. The locking assembly secures the anchor chain once it reaches the target tension, guaranteeing stability and reliability after adjustment and preventing loosening due to external factors that could affect foundation balance. Through the combined operation of the winch, guide mechanism, and locking assembly, the anchor chain extension, retraction, and fixing are automated and precise, reducing uncertainty and error from manual operation, improving the reliability and safety of the entire system, and ensuring stable operation of floating offshore wind power foundations under various conditions.

[0013] In some embodiments, the anchor chain monitoring device includes a first tension sensor and a second tension sensor. The first tension sensor is disposed on the winch and is adapted to monitor the tension value of the anchor chain component during the working phase of the winch. The second tension sensor is disposed on the clamping assembly and is adapted to monitor the tension value of the anchor chain component when it is locked and fixed by the clamping assembly.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The first tension sensor, mounted on the winch, monitors the tension of the anchor chain in real time during winch operation, providing accurate tension data to the control system. This allows the control system to precisely control the winch's winding and unwinding operations based on the difference between the real-time tension and the target tension. The second tension sensor, mounted on the clamping assembly, monitors the tension of the anchor chain when it is locked in place, ensuring the anchor chain maintains a stable target tension under the clamped state, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of anchor chain tension monitoring. Through the coordinated operation of the two tension sensors, continuous monitoring of the anchor chain tension is achieved, enabling the control system to more accurately grasp changes in anchor chain tension. This allows for more rational control of the anchor chain winding and unwinding device, avoiding over- or under-adjustment due to inaccurate tension monitoring, optimizing the entire adjustment process, and ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of the system's basic attitude adjustment.

[0015] In some embodiments, the clamping assembly includes a housing, a clamping drive, and a chain stop block. The housing has a movable channel for the anchor chain to slide. The clamping drive is mounted on the housing. The chain stop block is connected to the drive end of the clamping drive. The chain stop block is adapted to enter the movable channel under the driving action of the clamping drive to engage with the chain link of the anchor chain or to exit the movable channel.

[0016] Beneficial effects: By driving the chain stop block into the movable channel through the clamping drive, it engages with the chain link of the anchor chain, reliably locking and fixing the anchor chain and preventing it from loosening or slipping in the locked state. This ensures the stability of the anchor chain after adjustment, thereby guaranteeing the long-term maintenance of the floating offshore wind power foundation's balanced state after adjustment. When readjustment of the anchor chain is required, the clamping drive can drive the chain stop block out of the movable channel, thereby unlocking and releasing the anchor chain, allowing it to re-enter the retraction and adjustment state. This achieves flexible locking and unlocking of the anchor chain, ensuring the system's flexibility and operability.

[0017] In some embodiments, all winches of all the anchor chain take-up and take-down devices are disposed on the upper end face of the sub-post, all the winches are disposed on the side of the upper end face of the sub-post away from the wind turbine post, and all the winches are offset from the central axis of the sub-post.

[0018] Beneficial effects: By placing all winches on the upper surface of the sub-post, away from the wind turbine post and offset from its central axis, this layout allows multiple anchor chains and chain retrieval devices connected to the same sub-post to finely adjust the sub-post's posture. It also facilitates full utilization of the sub-post's space, prevents interference between the winches and the wind turbine post or other components, and is easier to install, maintain, and operate, thus improving the overall system's space utilization and operational convenience. With all winches positioned on the upper surface of the sub-post, the control system can more centrally and quickly control and adjust each winch when adjusting the chain retrieval device, avoiding control delays and operational complexity caused by dispersed winch positions, thereby improving the overall adjustment efficiency of the chain retrieval system.

[0019] In some embodiments, the number of auxiliary columns is three; the basic condition monitoring system is provided with three monitoring points, which are located at the center line connecting the wind turbine column and the auxiliary columns; Each of the sub-columns is connected to three anchor chains, one of which is located on the vertical extension plane where the center line of the wind turbine column and the sub-column is located, and the other two anchor chains are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical extension plane.

[0020] Beneficial Effects: With three auxiliary columns and three monitoring points in the foundation condition monitoring system, located at the center line connecting the wind turbine column and the auxiliary columns, this setup allows for more comprehensive and accurate monitoring of the floating offshore wind turbine foundation's tilt state. Obtaining foundation attitude data from multiple monitoring points, along with redundant design, allows for comparison of tilt data from the three monitoring points, eliminating random errors and ensuring data reliability. This provides more reliable information support for the control system's adjustment decisions, thus more effectively controlling the foundation's balance and enhancing the overall stability of the foundation structure. The layout design of the anchor chains allows for tension adjustment of the foundation from multiple directions, increasing the dimensionality and flexibility of the adjustment. This enables the control system to more accurately calculate a more reasonable target tension value based on the foundation's tilt state and the tension of each anchor chain component, and then precisely adjust it through the anchor chain deployment and retraction device, effectively improving the accuracy of attitude adjustment for the floating offshore wind turbine foundation.

[0021] In some embodiments, the set threshold is 1°.

[0022] Beneficial effects: Setting the threshold to 1° provides a reference standard for the control system to trigger adjustment operations, enabling the system to start the adjustment program in a timely manner when the foundation tilt angle reaches the set threshold. This avoids the waste of resources caused by frequent adjustment operations due to the tilt angle being too small, and also ensures that the foundation can be effectively adjusted when the tilt angle is large, thus guaranteeing the normal operation of floating offshore wind power foundations.

[0023] In some embodiments, the upper end of the sub-post is provided with a storage area, which is suitable for storing anchor chain components.

[0024] Beneficial effects: By storing anchor chain components in the storage area, it is convenient to store and organize the anchor chain components properly during the anchor chain deployment and retrieval process. This avoids problems such as damage, loss, or interference with other components that may be caused by the anchor chain components being scattered when not in use. It improves the service life of the anchor chain components and the overall safety of the system. At the same time, it also facilitates centralized maintenance and inspection of the anchor chain components.

[0025] Secondly, the present invention also provides an adjustment method for floating offshore wind power foundations, employing the aforementioned anchor chain deployment and retrieval system, comprising the following steps: The tilt angle of the floating offshore wind power foundation is monitored in real time through a basic condition monitoring system. When the tilt angle is greater than or equal to the set threshold and the wind turbine generates electricity, the control system is triggered. The control system calculates the target tension of each anchor chain component based on the tilt angle data and the tension data monitored by the anchor chain monitoring device. The control system controls the anchor chain take-up and release device to take up and release the anchor chain components in sequence, so that the real-time tension fed back by the anchor chain monitoring device reaches the target tension; Once the target tension is reached, control the anchor chain retraction device to lock the anchor chain components; Repeat the above steps until the floating offshore wind turbine foundation is restored to equilibrium.

[0026] Beneficial Effects: This adjustment method monitors the tilt angle in real time through a foundation condition monitoring system. When the tilt angle is greater than or equal to a set threshold and the wind turbine generates electricity, the control system is triggered. Based on the tilt angle data and the tension data monitored by the anchor chain monitoring device, the control system calculates the target tension for each anchor chain component and controls the anchor chain retraction and extension device to sequentially retract and extend the anchor chains, ensuring the real-time tension fed back by the anchor chain monitoring device reaches the target tension. Finally, the anchor chains are locked, and the above steps are repeated until the floating offshore wind turbine foundation is restored to balance. The entire process is automated, requiring no manual intervention, improving the efficiency and accuracy of adjustment. It can promptly and effectively correct the tilt state of the floating offshore wind turbine foundation, ensuring the normal operation and power generation efficiency of the wind turbine. This automatic adjustment method allows the system to dynamically adjust the anchor chain tension based on real-time monitoring data, quickly responding to changes in environmental loads. It can maintain the balance of the floating offshore wind turbine foundation even in complex marine environments, enhancing the system's adaptability and reliability to different operating conditions, reducing the risk of equipment failure due to foundation tilt, and improving the stability and safety of the entire floating offshore wind power system.

[0027] In some embodiments, the anchor chain monitoring device is configured to output an average tension value in the dynamic time domain, which is calculated by removing instantaneous interference peaks within a preset time window.

[0028] Beneficial effects: This monitoring method can effectively filter out instantaneous fluctuations in anchor chain tension caused by instantaneous interference factors in the marine environment, such as wave impact and sudden water flow, thereby obtaining a more accurate and stable average tension value, providing a more reliable basis for the adjustment decision of the control system, and improving the accuracy and reliability of anchor chain tension monitoring.

[0029] In some embodiments, the control system is configured to, after a regulation operation is completed, if the foundation status monitoring system reports that the floating offshore wind power foundation has not regained its balance, formulate and execute the next regulation strategy based on new attitude data, and perform iterative regulation until the floating offshore wind power foundation regains its balance.

[0030] Beneficial effects: This iterative adjustment method can dynamically adjust the adjustment strategy according to the actual attitude changes of the foundation, ensuring that the system can continuously and effectively adjust the foundation until it reaches an equilibrium state. This enhances the system's adaptability to complex marine environments and different working conditions, and improves the stability and reliability of the adjustment.

[0031] In some embodiments, when the control system controls the adjustment of multiple anchor chain components, it determines the adjustment order based on the difference between the real-time tension of each anchor chain component and the target tension, wherein the anchor chain with the larger difference is adjusted first.

[0032] Beneficial effects: This optimization of the adjustment sequence enables the system to adjust the anchor chain tension more efficiently, quickly reduce the tilt angle of the foundation, improve adjustment efficiency, and ensure foundation stability.

[0033] In some embodiments, during the adjustment process, if the real-time tension of any of the anchor chain components reaches 90% of its design tension, the anchor chain retraction device is controlled to relax the anchor chain component.

[0034] Beneficial effects: This design prevents the anchor chain from being damaged due to excessive tension, ensures the safe operation of the anchor chain, and improves the safety of the entire adjustment process. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anchor chain deployment and retrieval system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the anchor chain retrieval device in the anchor chain retrieval system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the clamping component in the anchor chain take-up and release system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tension data output by the anchor chain monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Fan column; 2. Secondary column; 201. Storage area; 3. Anchor chain components; 4. Anchor foundation; 5. Foundation condition monitoring system; 6. Anchor chain take-up and release device; 61. Winch; 62. Guide component; 63. Clamping assembly; 631. Housing; 632. Chain stop block; 71. First tension sensor; 72. Second tension sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The following is combined Figures 1 to 4 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] According to embodiments of the present invention, in one aspect, an anchor chain deployment and retrieval system for floating offshore wind power foundations is provided. This system is used for long-term dynamic adjustment of the tilt state of wind turbine generators, maintaining the wind turbine generators in a stable posture to quickly respond to external disturbances and improve power generation efficiency. Figure 1 As shown, the floating offshore wind power foundation includes a wind turbine column 1 and multiple auxiliary columns 2 fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the wind turbine column 1. Each auxiliary column 2 is connected to the anchor foundation 4 through multiple anchor chains 3. Each auxiliary column 2 can be connected to the wind turbine column 1 through a fixed bracket.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the anchor chain deployment and retrieval system includes a foundation condition monitoring system 5, anchor chain deployment and retrieval devices 6, anchor chain monitoring devices, and a control system. The foundation condition monitoring system 5 is fixedly installed on the floating offshore wind turbine foundation and is used to monitor the foundation's tilt angle in real time. Multiple anchor chain deployment and retrieval devices 6 are provided, corresponding to each sub-pillar 2, and are connected to the anchor chain components 3 via a transmission mechanism. The anchor chain monitoring device is installed on the anchor chain deployment and retrieval device 6 and is used to monitor the tension of the corresponding anchor chain component 3 in real time. The control system is used for data processing and sending control commands, and it is communicatively connected to the foundation condition monitoring system 5, the anchor chain deployment and retrieval devices 6, and the anchor chain monitoring devices.

[0042] In an exemplary implementation, such as Figure 1As shown, there are three auxiliary columns 2; the foundation condition monitoring system 5 has three monitoring points located at the center line connecting the wind turbine column 1 and the auxiliary columns 2; each auxiliary column 2 is connected to three anchor chains 3, one of which is located on the vertical extension plane where the center line of the wind turbine column 1 and the auxiliary column 2 is located, and the other two anchor chains 3 are symmetrically located on both sides of the vertical extension plane. The design of having three auxiliary columns 2 and three monitoring points in the foundation condition monitoring system 5, located at the center line connecting the wind turbine column 1 and the auxiliary columns 2, allows for more comprehensive and accurate monitoring of the tilt state of the floating offshore wind turbine foundation. It acquires foundation attitude data from multiple monitoring points, providing more reliable information support for the control system's adjustment decisions, thus more effectively controlling the foundation's balance and enhancing the stability of the entire foundation structure. The layout design of the anchor chain component 3 allows for tension adjustment of the foundation from multiple directions, increasing the adjustment dimensions and flexibility. This enables the control system to more accurately calculate a more reasonable target tension value based on the foundation's tilt state and the tension of each anchor chain component 3, and then make precise adjustments through the anchor chain retraction device 6, effectively improving the accuracy of attitude adjustment for floating offshore wind power foundations.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the foundation condition monitoring system 5 employs a high-precision inertial measurement unit and three monitoring points set at the centerline of the foundation, with redundant design. This allows for comparison of the tilt data from the three monitoring points, eliminating random errors and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the tilt angle signal.

[0044] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, the upper end of the secondary column 2 is provided with a storage area 201, which is suitable for storing the anchor chain component 3. By storing the anchor chain component 3 in the storage area 201, it is convenient to store the anchor chain component 3 properly during the anchor chain deployment and retrieval process. This avoids the possible damage, loss, or interference with other components that may be caused by the anchor chain component 3 being scattered when not in operation, thereby improving the service life of the anchor chain component 3 and the overall safety of the system. It also facilitates centralized maintenance and inspection of the anchor chain component 3.

[0045] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 1 As shown, the auxiliary column 2, anchor foundation 4, and anchor chain deployment and retrieval device 6 are centrally symmetrically distributed on the outer periphery of the wind turbine column 1. This symmetrical layout makes the structure of the entire floating offshore wind power foundation more balanced and stable, which is conducive to the uniform distribution of load and improves the foundation's bearing capacity and anti-overturning ability.

[0046] Each sub-post 2 is equipped with two or more anchor chain members 3, with any two anchor chain members 3 arranged at a first included angle, forming a fan-shaped connection area. This provides tension adjustment from multiple directions, enhancing the system's ability to resist overturning moments in different directions. An anchor chain retrieval device 6 is installed on the sub-post 2, with the mounting end of the anchor chain member 3 fixedly connected to the device 6, and the connecting end of the anchor chain member 3 fixedly connected to the anchor foundation 4. By providing at least two anchor chain members 3 on each sub-post 2, and with the anchor chain members 3 arranged at a first included angle, the synergistic tension of the multiple anchor chain members 3 and the angle arrangement allow for tension adjustment of the foundation from multiple directions, increasing the dimensionality and flexibility of adjustment. This enables more precise control of the foundation's attitude, allowing it to better maintain balance in complex and changing marine environments. The first included angle is set to 30°-60°, preferably 45°.

[0047] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 2 As shown, the anchor chain retraction device 6 includes a winch 61, a guide member 62, and a clamping assembly 63 mounted on the secondary column 2. The winch 61 is connected to the mounting end of the anchor chain 3 and is used to retract and adjust the anchor chain 3. The anchor chain 3 is retracted and adjusted via the winch 61; the rotation of the winch 61 changes the length of the anchor chain, thereby adjusting the tension of the anchor chain 3 and achieving the purpose of adjusting the foundation posture. The guide member 62 is a rigid component, and the anchor chain 3 is slidably disposed within the guide member 62. The guide member 62 guides the anchor chain 3 to a smooth transition, avoiding jamming and abnormal wear, and ensuring consistent force transmission direction. The clamping assembly 63 is disposed between the winch 61 and the guide member 62, and the anchor chain 3 is movably disposed within the clamping assembly 63. The clamping assembly 63 is used to lock or unlock the anchor chain 3 after it reaches the target tension. The guide member 62 is aligned with the extension direction of the clamping assembly 63 and the movement direction of the anchor chain 3 within the clamping assembly 63. The guide member 62 provides a stable sliding channel for the anchor chain 3, ensuring it is aligned with the desired direction and allowing for smooth movement during deployment and retrieval, preventing entanglement or jamming. The clamping assembly 63 locks the anchor chain in place once it reaches the target tension, ensuring its stability and reliability after adjustment and preventing loosening due to external factors that could affect the foundation's balance. This solution, through the combined operation of the winch 61, guide member 62, and clamping assembly 63, automates and precisely controls the deployment and retrieval of the anchor chain, reducing the uncertainty and error of manual operation, improving the reliability and safety of the entire anchor chain deployment system, and ensuring stable operation of the floating offshore wind power foundation under various working conditions.

[0048] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the anchor chain monitoring device includes a first tension sensor 71 and a second tension sensor 72. The first tension sensor 71 is installed on the winch 61 and is suitable for monitoring the tension value of the anchor chain 3 during the working stage of the winch 61. The second tension sensor 72 is installed on the clamping assembly 63 and is suitable for monitoring the tension value of the anchor chain 3 when it is locked and fixed by the clamping assembly 63.

[0049] The first tension sensor 71 is installed on the winch 61 and can monitor the tension value of the anchor chain 3 in real time during the working stage of the winch 61, providing accurate tension data for the control system. This allows the control system to precisely control the winch 61's winding and unwinding operations based on the difference between the real-time tension and the target tension. When the monitored value of the first tension sensor 71 approaches or reaches the target tension, the control system commands the winch 61 to decelerate or stop, preparing for subsequent locking. The second tension sensor 72 is installed on the clamping assembly 63 and is used to monitor the tension value of the anchor chain 3 when it is locked and fixed by the clamping assembly 63. This ensures that the anchor chain maintains a stable target tension in the locked state, improving the accuracy and reliability of anchor chain tension monitoring. Through the coordinated work of the two tension sensors, full-process monitoring of the anchor chain tension is achieved, enabling the control system to more accurately grasp the changes in anchor chain tension. This allows for more reasonable control of the anchor chain winding and unwinding device 6, avoiding over- or under-adjustment due to inaccurate tension monitoring, optimizing the entire adjustment process, and ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of the system's basic attitude adjustment.

[0050] In this embodiment, the control system is configured to: receive the tilt angle signal and the wind turbine operating status signal output by the foundation status monitoring system 5; when the tilt angle is greater than or equal to a set threshold and the wind turbine is in power generation state, calculate the target tension value required for each anchor chain 3 to restore the balance of the floating offshore wind power foundation based on the current tilt angle and the real-time tension of each anchor chain 3; control the anchor chain retraction device 6 to tighten or loosen the corresponding anchor chain 3, and compare the real-time tension fed back by the anchor chain monitoring device with the target tension value in real time; when the real-time tension reaches the target tension value, control the anchor chain retraction device 6 to lock and fix the anchor chain 3.

[0051] This application enables automatic adjustment of the foundation's attitude. Specifically, the foundation status monitoring system 5 monitors the tilt angle in real time. The control system calculates the target tension value based on the monitoring data and anchor chain tension, and controls the anchor chain retrieval device 6 to perform corresponding tightening or loosening operations, ensuring that the auxiliary column 2 and the turbine column 1 are in the desired horizontal state. This allows for automatic adjustment of the tilt state of the floating offshore wind turbine foundation without manual intervention, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of adjustment. Adjustment is only performed when the tilt angle is greater than or equal to a set threshold and the turbine is generating electricity, effectively avoiding reduced wind turbine alignment accuracy due to foundation tilt, thus minimizing the decrease in power generation efficiency and contributing to improved overall power generation performance of the floating offshore wind turbine. Compared to traditional ballast tank systems, the anchor chain retrieval system can quickly follow dynamically changing environmental loads and adjust anchor chain tension in a timely manner, better maintaining foundation balance even in high sea states, enhancing the adaptability and stability of the floating offshore wind turbine foundation in complex marine environments. Furthermore, it reduces the configuration of mechanical equipment in traditional ballast systems, avoiding the high failure rate and high maintenance costs caused by these devices being exposed to the corrosive marine environment for a long time. It also reduces the additional costs associated with the professional personnel and vessels required for equipment maintenance. The elimination of the need for an additional ballast tank system reduces the weight of the floating foundation, simplifies the foundation structure, and helps to reduce the construction cost and difficulty of the foundation, thereby improving the economy and reliability of the offshore wind power system.

[0052] The threshold is set at 1°. This setting provides a reference standard for the control system to trigger adjustment operations, enabling the system to start the adjustment program in a timely manner when the foundation tilt angle reaches the set threshold. This avoids the waste of resources caused by frequent adjustment operations due to the tilt angle being too small, and also ensures that the foundation can be effectively adjusted when the tilt angle is large, thus guaranteeing the normal operation of the floating offshore wind power foundation.

[0053] In an exemplary implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the clamping assembly 63 includes a housing 631, a clamping drive (not shown), and a chain stop block 632. The housing 631 has a sliding channel for the anchor chain 3. The clamping drive is mounted on the housing 631. The chain stop block 632 is connected to the drive end of the clamping drive. The chain stop block 632 is adapted to enter the sliding channel under the driving action of the clamping drive to engage with the chain link of the anchor chain 3, or to exit the sliding channel. The clamping drive can be configured as a telescopic drive.

[0054] This solution uses a locking drive to drive the chain stop block 632 into the movable channel, where it engages with the link of the anchor chain 3. This reliably locks and secures the anchor chain 3, preventing it from loosening or slipping while locked, thus ensuring its stability after adjustment. This guarantees the long-term maintenance of the floating offshore wind turbine foundation's balanced state after adjustment. When readjustment is needed, the locking drive can drive the chain stop block 632 out of the movable channel, unlocking and releasing the anchor chain 3, allowing it to re-enter the retraction and adjustment state. This achieves flexible locking and unlocking of the anchor chain, ensuring the system's flexibility and operability.

[0055] In specific implementation methods, such as Figure 2 As shown, all the winches 61 of all the anchor chain take-up and take-down devices 6 are located on the upper end face of the secondary column 2. All the winches 61 are located on the side of the upper end face of the secondary column 2 away from the wind turbine column 1, and all the winches 61 are offset from the central axis of the secondary column 2.

[0056] All winches 61 are positioned on the upper surface of the secondary column 2, away from the wind turbine column 1, and offset from the central axis of the secondary column 2. This layout allows multiple anchor chain components 3 and the anchor chain retraction device 6 connected to the same secondary column 2 to finely adjust the posture of the secondary column 2. It also facilitates full utilization of the space within the secondary column 2, avoids interference between the winches 61 and the wind turbine column 1 or other components, and is convenient for the installation, maintenance, and operation of the winches 61, thus improving the space utilization and operational convenience of the entire system. With all winches 61 positioned on the upper surface of the secondary column 2, the control system can more centrally and quickly control and adjust each winch 61 when controlling the anchor chain retraction device 6, avoiding control delays and operational complexity caused by the dispersed positions of the winches 61. This improves the adjustment efficiency of the entire anchor chain retraction system.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present invention, another aspect provides a method for adjusting a floating offshore wind power foundation, employing the aforementioned anchor chain deployment and retrieval system. The method includes the following steps: The tilt angle of the floating offshore wind power foundation is monitored in real time through the basic condition monitoring system 5. When the tilt angle is greater than or equal to the set threshold and the wind turbine generates electricity, the control system is triggered. The control system calculates the target tension of each anchor chain component 3 based on the tilt angle data and the tension data monitored by the anchor chain monitoring device. The control system controls the anchor chain take-up and release device 6 to take up and release the anchor chain pieces 3 in sequence, so that the real-time tension fed back by the anchor chain monitoring device reaches the target tension; Once the target tension is reached, the anchor chain retraction device 6 is controlled to lock the anchor chain component 3. Repeat the above steps until the floating offshore wind turbine foundation is restored to equilibrium.

[0058] This adjustment method uses a foundation condition monitoring system 5 to monitor the tilt angle in real time. When the tilt angle is greater than or equal to a set threshold and the wind turbine generates electricity, the control system is triggered. The control system calculates the target tension for each anchor chain component 3 based on the tilt angle data and the tension data monitored by the anchor chain monitoring device. It then controls the anchor chain retraction device 6 to sequentially retract and extend the anchor chain components 3, ensuring the real-time tension fed back by the anchor chain monitoring device reaches the target tension. Finally, the anchor chain components 3 are locked, and the above steps are repeated until the floating offshore wind turbine foundation is restored to balance. The entire process is automated, requiring no manual intervention, improving the efficiency and accuracy of the adjustment. It can promptly and effectively correct the tilt state of the floating offshore wind turbine foundation, ensuring the normal operation and power generation efficiency of the wind turbine. This automatic adjustment method allows the system to dynamically adjust the anchor chain tension based on real-time monitoring data, quickly responding to changes in environmental loads. It can maintain the balance of the floating offshore wind turbine foundation even in complex marine environments, enhancing the system's adaptability and reliability to different operating conditions, reducing the risk of equipment failure due to foundation tilt, and improving the stability and safety of the entire floating offshore wind power system.

[0059] The core steps of this adjustment method are as follows: First, regarding the initial equilibrium state settings; After the floating wind turbine is positioned in the target sea area and all anchor chains and anchors are installed, the system first enters the initial state setting phase. During this phase, the locking components 63 of all anchor chain members 3 are released. The control system gradually and subtly adjusts the length of each anchor chain member 3 according to the current external environmental conditions such as wind, waves, and currents, ensuring the floating foundation maintains stable balance under various environmental loads. After the foundation has maintained balance for a period of time, the locking components 63 are locked to secure all anchor chain members 3. The system defines this state as the initial equilibrium state and records the tension and length data of each anchor chain at this time, serving as benchmark reference data for formulating adjustment strategies during subsequent actual operation.

[0060] Secondly, regarding monitoring and adjustment triggers; The foundation condition monitoring system 5 continuously monitors the attitude of the floating wind turbine foundation in real time, specifically the tilt angle data. The adjustment trigger scheme is as follows: when the foundation tilt angle is less than 1° or the wind turbine is not generating electricity, the system determines that the tilt has no impact on the safety and power generation efficiency of the wind turbine. Therefore, the foundation condition monitoring system 5 only records data and does not transmit trigger signals to the control system; this avoids unnecessary adjustments to the platform due to minor swaying or non-power generation, reduces the frequency of system actions, and helps extend the service life of related equipment such as the anchor chain deployment and retraction device 6.

[0061] The foundation condition monitoring system 5 issues an alarm and transmits a start signal to the control system only when both the tilt angle is greater than or equal to 1° and the wind turbine is in power generation mode, and the tilt state lasts for a period of time.

[0062] Following that, regarding system self-checking and strategy formulation; After receiving the start signal, the control system first initiates a self-test program to ensure that all subsystems, including the foundation status monitoring system 5, the anchor chain monitoring device, and the anchor chain deployment / retraction device 6, are functioning correctly. Once the self-test is successful, the control system begins operation. Based on real-time acquired foundation attitude data and the real-time tension values ​​of each anchor chain, it performs comprehensive data analysis to formulate a control strategy. This control strategy calculates the target tension value that each anchor chain component 3 needs to achieve to restore foundation balance. Furthermore, this target tension value must be less than the design tension limit of that anchor chain.

[0063] Next, regarding data preprocessing and adjustment execution; Before implementing adjustments, the system preprocesses key data. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the raw tension data output by the anchor chain monitoring device needs to be filtered. It is configured to output the average tension value within the dynamic time domain. The average tension value is calculated by removing instantaneous interference peaks within a preset time window. Specifically, the system removes short-term abnormal peak interference caused by gusts, broken waves, etc., and takes the average value of the remaining effective values. This average value serves as reference data reflecting the true stress state of the anchor chain for subsequent comparison and control. This monitoring method can effectively filter out instantaneous fluctuations in anchor chain tension caused by instantaneous interference factors in the marine environment, such as wave impacts and sudden currents, thereby obtaining a more accurate and stable average tension value. This provides a more reliable basis for the control system's adjustment decisions, improving the accuracy and reliability of anchor chain tension monitoring.

[0064] After the adjustment command is issued, all anchor chain retraction and extension devices 6 operate sequentially. The adjustment sequence follows the difference-first principle, that is, anchor chains are sorted according to the difference between their real-time tension and the target tension, with the anchor chains having the larger difference being adjusted first. This achieves rapid reduction of the overall unbalanced torque and improves adjustment efficiency. This optimization of the adjustment sequence allows the system to adjust the anchor chain tension more efficiently, quickly reduce the foundation's tilt angle, improve adjustment efficiency, and ensure foundation stability.

[0065] The specific retraction and adjustment process will be explained using one of the anchor chain components 3 as an example: When tightening is required: If the target tension given by the system is 100KN, and the real-time monitored tension is 80KN, the control system commands the clamping assembly 63 of the anchor chain component 3 to open, and the winch 61 starts to tighten the anchor chain. When the first tension sensor 71 installed on the winch 61 detects that the real-time tension reaches 100KN, the control system immediately commands the clamping assembly 63 to activate and lock the anchor chain in place, thus completing the anchor chain adjustment.

[0066] When relaxation is required: If the target tension is 80 kN and the real-time tension is 100 kN, the locking assembly 63 opens, and the winch 61 loosens the anchor chain. Similarly, when the first tension sensor 71 on the winch 61 shows that the tension has dropped to 80 kN, the locking assembly 63 locks the anchor chain.

[0067] The adjustment of the remaining anchor chains follows the same procedure.

[0068] Finally, regarding iterative adjustment and security protection; Once the tension of all anchor chains reaches the target value after a single adjustment, the foundation status monitoring system 5 will again provide feedback on the overall attitude of the platform. If the foundation has regained balance at this point, the entire adjustment operation is complete; if balance has not been fully restored, the control system will formulate and execute the 2nd, 3rd, 4th...Nth adjustment strategy based on the latest attitude data. This iterative approximation method ensures the thoroughness and accuracy of the adjustment until the foundation returns to its optimal balance state. This iterative adjustment method can dynamically adjust the adjustment strategy according to the actual attitude changes of the foundation, ensuring that the system can continuously and effectively adjust the foundation until a balance state is reached. This enhances the system's adaptability to complex marine environments and different operating conditions, and improves the stability and reliability of the adjustment.

[0069] Throughout the adjustment process, the real-time tension value of all anchor chains must not exceed their design tension value under any circumstances. Furthermore, an emergency defense is established: when the real-time tension of any anchor chain is detected to reach 90% of its design tension, the system will immediately trigger a high-level alarm and forcibly initiate an emergency procedure; the clamping component 63 will open, and the anchor chain retraction device 6 will urgently release the anchor chain, thereby actively releasing excessive tension and fundamentally preventing anchor chain damage due to overload, ensuring the safety of the entire adjustment process.

[0070] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An anchor chain deployment and retrieval system for a floating offshore wind turbine foundation, the floating offshore wind turbine foundation comprising a wind turbine column (1) and multiple auxiliary columns (2) fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the wind turbine column (1), each of the auxiliary columns (2) being connected to an anchor foundation (4) via multiple anchor chain members (3), characterized in that, The anchor chain deployment and retrieval system includes: The foundation condition monitoring system (5) is fixedly installed on the floating offshore wind power foundation and is used to monitor the tilt angle of the foundation in real time. An anchor chain retraction device (6) is correspondingly installed on each of the secondary columns (2), and the anchor chain retraction device (6) and the anchor chain component (3) are connected in a transmission manner; An anchor chain monitoring device is installed on the anchor chain take-up and take-down device (6) and is used to monitor the tension of the corresponding anchor chain component (3) in real time. The control system is communicatively connected to the basic condition monitoring system (5), the anchor chain take-up and release device (6), and the anchor chain monitoring device, respectively. The control system is configured as follows: Receive the tilt angle signal and the wind turbine operating status signal output by the basic condition monitoring system (5); When the tilt angle is greater than or equal to a set threshold and the wind turbine is in power generation state, the target tension value required to restore the balance of each anchor chain (3) is calculated based on the current tilt angle and the real-time tension of each anchor chain (3). The anchor chain retraction device (6) is controlled to tighten or loosen the corresponding anchor chain component (3), and the real-time tension fed back by the anchor chain monitoring device is compared with the target tension value in real time. When the real-time tension reaches the target tension value, the anchor chain take-up and release device (6) is controlled to lock and fix the anchor chain component (3); The anchor chain take-up and take-down device (6) includes: A winch (61) is installed on the secondary column (2). The winch (61) is connected to the mounting end of the anchor chain (3). The winch (61) is used to raise and lower the anchor chain (3). A guide member (62) is installed on the sub-column (2). The guide member (62) is set as a rigid member, and the anchor chain member (3) is slidably disposed in the guide member (62). A clamping assembly (63) is installed on the secondary column (2). The clamping assembly (63) is disposed between the winch (61) and the guide member (62). The anchor chain (3) is movably disposed within the clamping assembly (63). The guide member (62) is collinear with the direction of extension of the clamping assembly (63) and the direction of movement of the anchor chain (3) within the clamping assembly (63). The clamping assembly (63) is used to lock or unlock the anchor chain (3) after it reaches the target tension. The anchor chain monitoring device includes a first tension sensor (71) and a second tension sensor (72). The first tension sensor (71) is disposed on the winch (61) and is adapted to monitor the tension value of the anchor chain component (3) during the working stage of the winch (61). The second tension sensor (72) is disposed on the clamping assembly (63) and is adapted to monitor the tension value of the anchor chain component (3) when it is locked and fixed by the clamping assembly (63).

2. The anchor chain deployment and deployment system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary column (2), the anchor foundation (4) and the anchor chain take-up and release device (6) are centrally symmetrically distributed on the outer periphery of the wind turbine column (1); Each of the sub-posts (2) is provided with at least two anchor chain members (3), and any two anchor chain members (3) are arranged at a first included angle; the anchor chain take-up and release device (6) is installed on the sub-posts (2), the installation end of the anchor chain member (3) is fixedly connected to the anchor chain take-up and release device (6), and the connection end of the anchor chain member (3) is fixedly connected to the anchor foundation (4).

3. The anchor chain deployment and retrieval system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (63) includes a housing (631), a clamping drive, and a chain stop block (632). The housing (631) has a movable channel for the anchor chain (3) to slide. The clamping drive is mounted on the housing (631). The chain stop block (632) is connected to the drive end of the clamping drive. The chain stop block (632) is adapted to enter the movable channel under the driving action of the clamping drive to engage with the chain link of the anchor chain (3) or exit the movable channel.

4. The anchor chain deployment and retrieval system according to claim 1, characterized in that, All the winches (61) of all the anchor chain take-up and take-down devices (6) are located on the upper end face of the sub-column (2), and all the winches (61) are located on the side of the upper end face of the sub-column (2) away from the fan column (1), and all the winches (61) are offset from the central axis of the sub-column (2).

5. The anchor chain deployment and retrieval system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the auxiliary columns (2) is three; the basic status monitoring system (5) is equipped with three monitoring points, which are located at the center line connecting the fan column (1) and the auxiliary columns (2); Each of the sub-columns (2) is connected to three anchor chains (3), one of which is located on the vertical extension plane where the center line of the wind turbine column (1) and the sub-column (2) is located, and the other two anchor chains (3) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical extension plane.

6. The anchor chain deployment and retraction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The set threshold is 1°; and / or; The upper end of the sub-column (2) is provided with a storage area (201), which is suitable for storing anchor chain parts (3).

7. A method for adjusting a floating offshore wind turbine foundation, employing an anchor chain deployment and retrieval system as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The tilt angle of the floating offshore wind power foundation is monitored in real time by the basic condition monitoring system (5); When the tilt angle is greater than or equal to the set threshold and the wind turbine generates electricity, the control system is triggered. The control system calculates the target tension of each anchor chain component (3) based on the tilt angle data and the tension data monitored by the anchor chain monitoring device; The control system controls the anchor chain take-up and release device (6) to take up and release the anchor chain pieces (3) in sequence, so that the real-time tension fed back by the anchor chain monitoring device reaches the target tension; After the target tension is reached, the anchor chain retraction device (6) is controlled to lock the anchor chain component (3); Repeat the above steps until the floating offshore wind turbine foundation is restored to equilibrium.

8. The adjustment method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The anchor chain monitoring device is configured to output the average tension value in the dynamic time domain, which is calculated by removing instantaneous interference peaks within a preset time window. and / or; The control system is configured to, after a single adjustment operation is completed, if the foundation status monitoring system (5) reports that the floating offshore wind power foundation has not recovered its balance, formulate and execute the next adjustment strategy based on the new attitude data, and perform iterative adjustments until the floating offshore wind power foundation recovers its balance; and / or; When the control system adjusts multiple anchor chain components (3), it determines the adjustment order based on the difference between the real-time tension and the target tension of each anchor chain component (3), wherein the anchor chain with the larger difference is adjusted first; and / or; During the adjustment process, if the real-time tension of any of the anchor chain components (3) reaches 90% of its design tension, the anchor chain release device (6) is controlled to relax the anchor chain component (3).

Images