A negative ring demolition system suitable for narrow space and construction method thereof

Abstract

A negative ring dismantling system suitable for narrow space and a construction method thereof, comprising a multi-modal mobile chassis, an adjustable support arm system and a transportation system; the multi-modal mobile chassis comprises a mobile trolley and a lifting jack; the lifting jack is detachably connected to the bottom plate of the mobile trolley; the adjustable support arm system comprises a support arm, a channel, a telescopic jack and a locking device; the support arm is transversely arranged above the mobile trolley, and one end of the support arm is connected with the lifting jack; the channel is in the shape of a cylinder and is sleeved on the support arm; a plurality of groups of radial supports are arranged in the space between the channel and the support arm; the telescopic jack is arranged on the outer side of the channel along the annular direction of the channel, and the locking device is installed at the jacking end of the telescopic jack and used to be connected with an assembling head on a negative ring segment; the transportation system comprises a detachable track and an electrically driven transport vehicle. The present application solves the technical problems of poor space adaptability, low segment dismantling efficiency, high damage rate and high construction risk of the traditional negative ring dismantling method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground structural segment removal, and in particular to a negative ring removal system and its construction method suitable for confined spaces. Background Technology

[0002] The negative ring is a temporary segment structure pre-installed during the shield tunneling process to provide reaction force, and it needs to be dismantled after the shield advances. Current methods for dismantling negative rings generally rely on ground hoisting equipment and manual tools to disassemble and transport the segments. This method has the following drawbacks: limited construction space and high safety risks; especially when working in confined spaces, it often requires destructive dismantling and segmented transport, resulting in low efficiency and a high damage rate, making it difficult to meet the requirements of modern tunnel engineering for efficient, safe, and low-interference operations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a negative ring removal system and its construction method suitable for confined spaces, in order to solve the technical problems of traditional negative ring removal methods, such as poor spatial adaptability, low efficiency of segment removal, and high damage rate, which make it difficult to meet the requirements of modern tunnel engineering for efficient, safe, and low-interference operations.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0005] A negative ring removal system suitable for confined spaces is provided for removing negative rings; the negative ring is formed by splicing a set of negative ring units along the long axis of the negative ring; each negative ring unit is formed by splicing multiple negative ring segments along the circumferential direction; the negative ring removal system includes a multimodal mobile chassis, an adjustable support arm system, and a transportation system; The multimodal mobile chassis includes a mobile trolley and a lifting jack; the lifting jack is detachably connected to the base plate of the mobile trolley. The adjustable support arm system includes a support arm, a channel, telescopic jacks, and a locking device. The support arm is horizontally positioned above the moving trolley, and one end of the support arm is connected to the lifting jack. The channel is cylindrical, fitted onto the support arm, and the channel and support arm are coaxially arranged. Multiple sets of radial supports are spaced apart along the long axis of the support arm in the space between the channel and the support arm. Each set of radial supports is spaced apart circumferentially. The telescopic jacks are spaced apart circumferentially on the outside of the channel, and the number of telescopic jacks corresponds to the number of negative ring segments, with each telescopic jack corresponding to each negative ring segment. The fixed end of the telescopic jack is connected to the channel, and the telescopic jack is adjustable circumferentially. The locking device is installed at the lifting end of the telescopic jack and is used to connect with the assembly head on the negative ring segment. The transportation system includes a removable track and an electric-driven transport vehicle; the removable track is laid in the area near the negative ring; the electric-driven transport vehicle is rotatably connected to the removable track; the electric-driven transport vehicle moves along the removable track to transport the negative ring segments out.

[0006] Preferably, the mobile trolley includes a base plate, a hydraulic power station, and rollers disposed at the bottom of the base plate; the hydraulic power station is mounted on the base plate near its end; the base plate has at least a forward positioning hole and a reverse positioning hole; the forward positioning hole is located on the front side of the base plate; the reverse positioning hole is located in the middle of the base plate, near the hydraulic power station; the mobile trolley is provided with a column; a connecting plate is provided at the bottom of the column; a through hole is provided on the connecting plate on the opposite side of the column; the column is mounted at the forward positioning hole or the reverse positioning hole via a pin inserted through the through hole; and the telescopic jack is connected to the top of the column.

[0007] Preferably, the telescopic jack is located at the center of the corresponding negative ring segment, and the telescopic jack is set perpendicular to the corresponding negative ring segment.

[0008] Preferably, the locking device includes a first U-lock, a second U-lock, and a positioning pin; the first U-lock and the second U-lock are stacked vertically to form a locking ring; the positioning pin passes through the first U-lock and the second U-lock to fix them.

[0009] Preferably, a strip-shaped hole is provided on the side wall of the channel at the position corresponding to the telescopic jack; the strip-shaped hole is arranged in a circumferential direction; the telescopic jack and the channel are connected by a connecting bolt passing through the strip-shaped hole.

[0010] Preferably, the first U-lock is welded to the lifting end of the telescopic jack and is fitted onto the assembly head; the second U-lock is fitted onto the assembly head, and the U-shaped opening of the second U-lock is opposite to that of the first U-lock.

[0011] Preferably, a fixing device is provided on the outer side of the channel, located on the adjacent telescopic jack; there is a set of fixing devices arranged in a circumferential direction; each fixing device is detachably supported between adjacent telescopic jacks.

[0012] A construction method for a negative ring removal system suitable for confined spaces includes the following steps.

[0013] Step 1: Clean up the site before removing the negative ring.

[0014] Step 2: Install the negative ring removal device, position the lifting jack at the middle of the top of the base plate near the moving trolley, and move the negative ring removal device to the negative ring unit to be removed, so that the support arm, channel and telescopic jack are located inside the negative ring unit to be removed.

[0015] Step 3: Using the horizontal plane where the support arm is located as the reference plane, divide the negative ring segment into upper segment and lower segment, and divide the telescopic jack into upper jack and lower jack.

[0016] Step 4: Adjust the position of the upper jack along the channel so that the upper jack is aligned with the assembly head of the upper segment.

[0017] Step 5: Activate the lifting jack to raise the support arm until the locking device of the upper jack is close to the assembly head of the upper segment.

[0018] Step 6: Adjust the position of the upper jacks in sequence, and securely connect the locking devices on all the upper jacks to the assembly head on the negative ring unit.

[0019] Step 7: Dismantle all connections between upper segments and between upper and lower segments.

[0020] Step 8: Simultaneously lift the upper jacks to separate the upper segments from each other.

[0021] Step nine: retract both upper jacks on both sides of the topmost jack, and then temporarily reconnect the upper segments on both sides of the topmost segment with the lower segments to form a temporary stable structure.

[0022] Step 10: Disconnect the assembly head of the upper segment from the locking device on the upper jack, and place the topmost upper segment on the electric-driven transport vehicle.

[0023] Step 11: Repeat steps 8 to 10 until the last two upper segments are separated from each other. Then, disconnect the last two upper segments and the lower segments in sequence. Finally, transport the upper segments to the outside of the enclosed space using an electric-driven transport vehicle.

[0024] Step 12: Connect the lower jack to the lower segment, extend the lower jack, and then separate the lifting jack from the moving trolley.

[0025] Step 13: After separation, move the trolley back to the outside of the negative ring unit to be dismantled, while keeping the lifting jack and adjustable support arm system in their original positions.

[0026] Step fourteen: retract the lower jack to make the lifting jack detachably connected to the front end of the base plate of the moving trolley.

[0027] Step 15: Activate the lifting jack to extend the lifting end upwards, raise the support arm, and disconnect all connections between the lower segments.

[0028] Step sixteen: Simultaneously lift the lower jacks to separate the lower tunnel segments.

[0029] Step 17: Place the lower segments onto the electric-driven transport vehicle in sequence, and move the removed lower segments outside the enclosed space.

[0030] Preferably, adjacent negative ring segments are connected by tie bolts; The dismantling method in step seven is as follows: remove all the tie bolts between the upper segments and the tie bolts between the upper and lower segments; The dismantling method for step sixteen is to remove all the tie bolts between the lower segments.

[0031] Preferably, in step two, the negative ring removal device is moved to the connection point of the adjacent negative ring unit, so that the adjustable support arm system is located in the negative ring unit to be removed, and the end of the moving trolley is located in another negative ring unit; at the same time, the position of the column corresponds to the position of the forward position hole; the pin is inserted into the forward position hole to connect the column and the moving trolley. In step thirteen, after the trolley is moved back to the outside of the negative ring unit to be removed, the position of the column corresponds to the position of the retraction hole; then the pin is inserted into the retraction hole to connect the column and the trolley.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following features and beneficial effects.

[0033] 1. The negative ring removal device and its construction method of the present invention realize the removal of negative rings in narrow spaces. The negative ring removal device can work inside the negative ring. By using lifting jacks and telescopic jacks in combination, the removal of the tunnel segments with zero damage is achieved.

[0034] 2. The negative ring removal device of this invention has strong spatial adaptability, a compact overall size, and a high degree of structural integration. It is suitable for negative ring removal operations in confined spaces, including enclosed shafts, narrow tunnels, and equipment shafts, solving the problems of traditional equipment being unable to enter or having low operational efficiency. Furthermore, the negative ring removal device of this invention features high automation efficiency, adjustable jack positions, controllable lifting movements, and a highly standardized and mechanized dismantling process, significantly reducing manual labor intensity and improving dismantling efficiency and accuracy.

[0035] 3. The negative ring removal device of this invention releases bolts and assembly heads through controlled push-pull force during the removal process, avoiding destructive dismantling of the tunnel segments; the U-lock quick connection system ensures assembly accuracy and operational safety. Furthermore, this negative ring removal device can adopt different removal strategies (overall removal, partial reassembly, modular decomposition) according to the construction scenario, improving its ability to cope with complex terrain and traffic interference. The device can also be reused multiple times and is compatible with negative ring tunnel segments of different diameters and shapes; the construction organization is simple, transportation is convenient, and construction costs are significantly reduced.

[0036] 4. The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel negative ring removal device that is compact in structure, flexible in operation, and suitable for working environments in confined or enclosed spaces. With the corresponding construction methods, it can significantly improve the automation, safety, and efficiency of negative ring removal operations, avoid damage to tunnel segments, reduce operational interference, and meet the needs of negative ring removal under complex working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a state diagram of the negative ring removal system of the present invention during construction.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the telescopic jack arranged between the negative ring unit and the channel in this invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal cross-section structure of the connection between the locking device and the assembly head in this invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a front structural diagram of the connection between the locking device and the assembly head in this invention.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal cross-section structure of the connection between the first U-shaped lock and the assembly head in this invention.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric-driven transport vehicle in this invention, which is mounted on a detachable track.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection node structure between the telescopic jack and the channel in this invention.

[0045] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the first U-shaped lock and the telescopic jack in this invention.

[0046] Reference numerals: 1 - Negative ring unit, 1.1 - Negative ring segment, 2 - Moving trolley, 2.1 - Base plate, 2.2 - Hydraulic power station, 2.3 - Roller, 3 - Lifting jack, 4 - Support arm, 5 - Channel, 6 - Telescopic jack, 7 - Locking device, 7.1 - First U-lock, 7.2 - Second U-lock, 7.3 - Positioning pin, 8 - Radial support, 9 - Assembly head, 10 - Removable track, 11 - Electric drive transport vehicle, 12 - Forward position hole, 13 - Reverse position hole, 14 - Column, 15 - Connecting plate, 16 - Pin, 17 - Strip hole, 18 - Fixing plate, 19 - Pad, 20 - Fixing device, 21 - Connecting hole, 22 - Connecting bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0047] like Figure 1-8As shown, this negative ring removal system, suitable for confined spaces, is used to remove negative rings; the negative ring is formed by splicing a set of negative ring units 1 along the long axis of the negative ring; each negative ring unit 1 is formed by splicing multiple negative ring segments 1.1 along the circumferential direction; the negative ring removal system includes a multimodal mobile chassis, an adjustable support arm system, and a transportation system; The multimodal mobile chassis includes a mobile trolley 2 and a lifting jack 3; the lifting jack 3 is detachably connected to the base plate of the mobile trolley 2. The adjustable support arm system includes a support arm 4, a channel 5, telescopic jacks 6, and a locking device 7. The support arm 4 is horizontally positioned above the moving trolley 2, and one end of the support arm 4 is connected to the lifting jack 3. The channel 5 is cylindrical and sleeved on the support arm 4, and the channel 5 and the support arm 4 are coaxially arranged. In the space between the channel 5 and the support arm 4, multiple sets of radial supports 8 are spaced apart along the long axis of the support arm 4. Each set of radial supports 8 is spaced apart circumferentially. The telescopic jacks 6 are spaced apart circumferentially on the outside of the channel 5, and the number of telescopic jacks 6 is adapted to the number of negative ring segments 1.1, with each telescopic jack 6 corresponding to each negative ring segment 1.1. The fixed end of the telescopic jack 6 is connected to the channel 5, and the telescopic jack 6 is adjustable circumferentially. The locking device 7 is installed on the lifting end of the telescopic jack 6 and is used to connect with the assembly head 9 on the negative ring segment 1.1. The transportation system includes a removable track 10 and an electric-driven transport vehicle 11; the removable track 10 is laid in the area near the negative ring; the electric-driven transport vehicle 11 is rotatably connected to the removable track 10; the electric-driven transport vehicle 11 moves along the removable track 10 to transport the negative ring segment 1.1 out; there are two removable tracks 10, with a spacing of 1.5m between them.

[0048] In this embodiment, the mobile trolley 2 includes a base plate 2.1, a hydraulic power station 2.2, and rollers 2.3 disposed at the bottom of the base plate 2.1; the hydraulic power station 2.2 is mounted on the base plate 2.1 near the end of the base plate 2.1; the base plate 2.1 is provided with at least a forward positioning hole 12 and a backward positioning hole 13; the forward positioning hole 12 is disposed on the front side of the base plate 2.1; the backward positioning hole 13 is disposed in the middle of the base plate 2.1 near the hydraulic power station 2.2; the mobile trolley 2 is provided with a column 14; a connecting plate 15 is disposed at the bottom of the column 14; a through hole is provided on the connecting plate 15 on the opposite side of the column 14; the column 14 is mounted at the forward positioning hole 12 or the backward positioning hole 13 by a pin 16 inserted in the through hole; the telescopic jack 6 is connected to the top of the column 14.

[0049] In this embodiment, the telescopic jack 6 is located at the center of the plate surface of the corresponding negative ring tube 1.1, and the telescopic jack 6 is set perpendicular to the corresponding negative ring tube 1.1.

[0050] In this embodiment, the locking device 7 includes a first U-lock 7.1, a second U-lock 7.2, and a positioning pin 7.3; the first U-lock 7.1 and the second U-lock 7.2 are stacked vertically to form a locking ring; a connecting hole 21 is provided on both the first U-lock 7.1 and the second U-lock 7.2; the positioning pin 7.3 passes through the connecting hole 21 of the first U-lock 7.1 and the second U-lock 7.2 to fix them.

[0051] In this embodiment, a strip hole 17 is provided on the side wall of the channel 5 at the position corresponding to the telescopic jack 6; the strip hole 17 is arranged in a circumferential direction; the telescopic jack 6 and the channel 5 are connected by a connecting bolt 22 passing through the strip hole 17.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first U-lock 7.1 is welded to the lifting end of the telescopic jack 6, and the first U-lock 7.1 is sleeved on the assembly head 9; the second U-lock 7.2 is sleeved on the assembly head 9, and the U-shaped opening of the second U-lock 7.2 is opposite to that of the first U-lock 7.1.

[0053] In this embodiment, a fixing device 20 is provided on the outer side of the channel 5, located on the adjacent telescopic jack 6; there is a set of fixing devices 20 arranged in a circumferential direction; each fixing device 20 is detachably supported between adjacent telescopic jacks 6; specifically, the fixing device 20 can be an arc-shaped support plate, with arc-shaped grooves provided at both ends of the arc-shaped support plate; the arc-shaped grooves are engaged with the telescopic jack 6, and an anti-slip pad is provided on the contact surface between the arc-shaped grooves and the telescopic jack 6.

[0054] In this embodiment, the negative ring segment 1.1 consists of six segments, with three segments in the upper part and three segments in the lower part; three jacks are provided in the upper part and three jacks are provided in the lower part.

[0055] In this embodiment, threaded holes are provided at intervals on the inner side of the negative ring segment 1.1, and an assembly head 9 is threadedly connected in the threaded holes. The assembly head 9 is used for hoisting the segment. The assembly head 9 includes a short rod and a plug. The short rod is embedded in the negative ring segment 1.1. The plug is located at the outer end of the short rod.

[0056] In this embodiment, a connecting plate 15 is provided at the bottom of the column 14; a through hole is provided on the connecting plate 15 on the opposite side of the column 14; the pin 16 is inserted into the through hole and the forward position hole 12 or the through hole and the backward position hole 13.

[0057] Of course, in other embodiments, at least one intermediate hole may be provided on the base plate of the moving trolley, between the forward hole 12 and the backward hole 13, as needed.

[0058] In this embodiment, a fixing plate 18 is provided at the connection end between the telescopic jack 6 and the channel 5; a threaded hole is provided on the fixing plate 18 on the opposite side of the telescopic jack 6; the connecting bolt 22 passes through the threaded hole and the strip hole 17, and is adjustablely connected to the telescopic jack 6 and the channel 5; a pad 19 is provided between the fixing end of the connecting bolt 22 and the channel 5.

[0059] The construction method for this negative ring removal system, suitable for confined spaces, includes the following steps.

[0060] Step 1: Site cleanup before removing the negative ring. Before removing the negative ring segments, remove the power lines, water pipes, high-voltage cables, and walkway slabs within the negative ring area to ensure the work site is safe and controllable. At the same time, clean up the silt at the reaction frame of the starting tunnel to facilitate the removal of the negative ring.

[0061] Step 2: Install the negative ring removal device, position the lifting jack 3 at the top center of the base plate near the moving trolley 2, and move the negative ring removal device to the negative ring unit 1 to be removed, so that the support arm 4, the channel 5 and the telescopic jack 6 are located inside the negative ring unit 1 to be removed.

[0062] Step 3: Using the horizontal plane where the support arm 4 is located as the reference plane, divide the negative ring segment 1.1 into the upper segment and the lower segment, and divide the telescopic jack 6 into the upper jack and the lower jack; here, the negative ring segment with the horizontal axis above the support arm 4 is defined as the upper segment, and the negative ring segment with the horizontal axis below the support arm 4 is defined as the lower segment.

[0063] Step 4: Adjust the position of the upper jack along the channel 5 so that the upper jack is aligned with the assembly head 9 of the upper segment; in this embodiment, the upper segment is provided with an assembly hole, and the assembly head 9 is set in the assembly hole of the upper segment.

[0064] Step 5: Activate the lifting jack 3 to raise the support arm 4 until the locking device 7 of the upper jack is close to the assembly head 9 of the upper segment.

[0065] Step 6: Adjust the position of the upper jacks in sequence, and securely connect the locking devices 7 on all the upper jacks to the assembly heads 9 on the negative ring 1.

[0066] Step 7: Dismantle all connections between upper segments and between upper and lower segments.

[0067] Step 8: Simultaneously lift the upper jacks to separate the upper segments from each other.

[0068] Step nine: retract both upper jacks on both sides of the topmost upper jack, and then temporarily reconnect the upper segments on both sides of the topmost upper segment to form a temporary stable structure.

[0069] Step 10: Disconnect the assembly head of the upper segment from the locking device 7 on the upper jack, and place the topmost upper segment on the electric-driven transport vehicle 11.

[0070] Step 11: Repeat steps 8 to 10 until the last two upper segments are separated from each other. Then, disconnect the last two upper segments and the lower segments in sequence, and transport the upper segments to the outside of the enclosed space using an electric transport vehicle 11.

[0071] Step 12: Connect the lower jack to the lower segment, extend the lower jack, and then separate the lifting jack 3 from the moving trolley 2.

[0072] Step 13: After separation, move the trolley 2 back to the outside of the negative ring unit 1 to be dismantled, while keeping the lifting jack 3 and the adjustable support arm system in their original positions.

[0073] Step fourteen: retract the lower jack so that the lifting jack 3 can be detachably connected to the front end of the base plate of the moving trolley 2.

[0074] Step 15: Activate lifting jack 3, extend the lifting end upward, raise support arm 4, and disconnect all connections between lower segments.

[0075] Step sixteen: Simultaneously lift the lower jacks to separate the lower tunnel segments.

[0076] Step 17: Place the lower segments onto the electric-driven transport vehicle 11 in sequence, and move the removed lower segments outside the enclosed space.

[0077] In this embodiment, adjacent negative ring segments 1.1 are connected by tie bolts; The dismantling method in step seven is as follows: remove all the tie bolts between the upper segments and the tie bolts between the upper and lower segments; The dismantling method for step sixteen is to remove all the tie bolts between the lower segments.

[0078] In this embodiment, in step two, the negative ring removal device is moved to the connection point of the adjacent negative ring unit 1, so that the adjustable support arm system is located in the negative ring unit 1 to be removed, and the end of the moving trolley 2 is located in another negative ring unit 1; at the same time, the position of the column 14 corresponds to the position of the forward position hole 12; the pin 16 is inserted into the forward position hole 12 to connect the column 14 and the moving trolley 2. In step thirteen, after the moving trolley 2 is moved back to the outside of the negative ring unit 1 to be removed, the position of the column 14 corresponds to the position of the retraction hole 13; then the pin 16 is inserted into the retraction hole 13 to connect the column 14 to the moving trolley 2.

[0079] The above embodiments are not exhaustive examples of specific implementation methods, and other embodiments are also possible. The purpose of the above embodiments is to illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All applications derived from simple variations of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A negative ring removal system suitable for confined spaces, used for removing negative rings; the negative ring is formed by splicing a set of negative ring units (1) along the long axis of the negative ring; each negative ring unit (1) is formed by splicing multiple negative ring segments (1.1) along the circumferential direction; characterized in that: The negative ring removal system includes a multimodal mobile chassis, an adjustable support arm system, and a transportation system; The multimodal mobile chassis includes a mobile trolley (2) and a lifting jack (3); the lifting jack (3) is detachably connected to the base plate of the mobile trolley (2); The adjustable support arm system includes a support arm (4), a channel (5), a telescopic jack (6), and a locking device (7); the support arm (4) is horizontally positioned above the moving trolley (2), and one end of the support arm (4) is connected to the lifting jack (3); the channel (5) is cylindrical and sleeved on the support arm (4), and the channel (5) and the support arm (4) are coaxially arranged; multiple sets of radial supports (8) are spaced apart along the long axis of the support arm (4) in the space between the channel (5) and the support arm (4); each set of radial supports (8) The telescopic jacks (6) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the channel (5) on the outside of the channel (5), and the number of telescopic jacks (6) is adapted to the number of negative ring segments (1.1), with each telescopic jack (6) corresponding to each negative ring segment (1.1); the fixed end of the telescopic jack (6) is connected to the channel (5), and the telescopic jack (6) is adjustable along the circumferential direction; the locking device (7) is installed on the lifting end of the telescopic jack (6) to connect with the assembly head (9) on the negative ring segment (1.1); The transport system includes a removable track (10) and an electric transport vehicle (11); the removable track (10) is laid in the area near the negative ring; the electric transport vehicle (11) is tumbled to the removable track (10); the electric transport vehicle (11) moves along the removable track (10) to transport the negative ring segment (1.1) out; The mobile trolley (2) includes a base plate (2.1), a hydraulic power station (2.2), and rollers (2.3) disposed at the bottom of the base plate (2.1); the hydraulic power station (2.2) is mounted on the base plate (2.1) near the end of the base plate (2.1); the base plate (2.1) is provided with at least a forward positioning hole (12) and a backward positioning hole (13); the forward positioning hole (12) is disposed on the front side of the base plate (2.1); the backward positioning hole (13) is disposed on the back side of the base plate (2.1). The base plate (2.1) is located in the middle, near the hydraulic power station (2.2); the mobile trolley (2) is equipped with a column (14); a connecting plate (15) is provided at the bottom of the column (14); a through hole is provided on the connecting plate (15) on the opposite side of the column (14); the column (14) is installed in the forward position hole (12) or the backward position hole (13) by a pin (16) inserted in the through hole; the telescopic jack (6) is connected to the top of the column (14); The locking device (7) includes a first U-lock (7.1), a second U-lock (7.2), and a positioning pin (7.3); the first U-lock (7.1) and the second U-lock (7.2) are stacked vertically to form a locking ring; the positioning pin (7.3) passes through the first U-lock (7.1) and the second U-lock (7.2) to fix them.

2. The negative ring removal system suitable for confined spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic jack (6) is located at the center of the corresponding negative ring tube segment (1.1), and the telescopic jack (6) is set perpendicular to the corresponding negative ring tube segment (1.1).

3. The negative ring removal system suitable for confined spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: A strip hole (17) is provided on the side wall of the channel (5) at the position corresponding to the telescopic jack (6); the strip hole (17) is arranged in the circumferential direction; the telescopic jack (6) and the channel (5) are connected by a connecting bolt (22) passing through the strip hole (17).

4. The negative ring removal system suitable for confined spaces according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first U-lock (7.1) is welded to the lifting end of the telescopic jack (6), and the first U-lock (7.1) is fitted on the assembly head (9); the second U-lock (7.2) is fitted on the assembly head (9), and the U-shaped opening of the second U-lock (7.2) is opposite to that of the first U-lock (7.1).

5. The negative ring removal system suitable for confined spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing device (20) is provided on the outside of the channel (5) and on the adjacent telescopic jack (6); there is a set of fixing devices (20) arranged in a circumferential direction; each fixing device (20) is detachably supported between adjacent telescopic jacks (6).

6. A construction method for a negative ring removal system suitable for confined spaces as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The steps include the following: Step 1: Clean up the site before removing the negative ring; Step 2: Install the negative ring removal device, so that the lifting jack (3) is located at the middle position of the top of the base plate near the moving trolley (2), and move the negative ring removal device to the negative ring unit (1) to be removed, so that the support arm (4), the channel (5) and the telescopic jack (6) are located inside the negative ring unit (1) to be removed. Step 3: Using the horizontal plane where the support arm (4) is located as the reference plane, divide the negative ring segment (1.1) into upper segment and lower segment, and divide the telescopic jack (6) into upper jack and lower jack. Step 4: Adjust the position of the upper jack along the channel (5) so that the upper jack is aligned with the assembly head (9) of the upper segment. Step 5: Start the lifting jack (3) and raise the support arm (4) until the locking device (7) of the upper jack is close to the assembly head (9) of the upper segment. Step 6: Adjust the position of the upper jacks in sequence and securely connect the locking devices (7) on all the upper jacks to the assembly head (9) on the negative ring unit (1); Step 7: Dismantle all connections between upper segments and between upper and lower segments; Step 8: Simultaneously lift the upper jacks to separate the upper tunnel segments from each other; Step 9: Retract both upper jacks on both sides of the topmost upper jack, and then temporarily reconnect the upper segments on both sides of the topmost upper segment with the lower segment to form a temporary stable structure. Step 10: Disconnect the assembly head of the upper segment from the locking device (7) on the upper jack, and place the topmost upper segment on the electric drive transport vehicle (11). Step 11: Repeat steps 8 to 10 until the last two upper tube segments are separated from each other. Then, disconnect the last two upper tube segments and the lower tube segments in sequence. Finally, transport the upper tube segments to the outside of the enclosed space by an electric drive transport vehicle (11). Step 12: Connect the lower jack to the lower segment, extend the lower jack, and then separate the lifting jack (3) from the moving trolley (2); Step 13: After separation, move the trolley (2) back to the outside of the negative ring unit (1) to be dismantled, while keeping the lifting jack (3) and the adjustable support arm system in their original positions. Step 14: Retract the lower jack so that the lifting jack (3) can be detachably connected to the front end of the base plate of the moving trolley (2); Step 15: Start the lifting jack (3), extend the lifting end upward, raise the support arm (4), and remove all connections between the lower segments; Step 16: Simultaneously lift the lower jacks to separate the lower tunnel segments; Step 17: Place the lower segments onto the electric-driven transport vehicle (11) in sequence, and move the removed lower segments outside the enclosed space.

7. The construction method of the negative ring removal system suitable for confined spaces according to claim 6, characterized in that: Adjacent negative ring segments (1.1) are connected by tie bolts; The dismantling method in step seven is as follows: remove all the tie bolts between the upper segments and the tie bolts between the upper and lower segments; The dismantling method for step sixteen is to remove all the tie bolts between the lower segments.

8. The construction method of the negative ring removal system suitable for confined spaces according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step two, the negative ring removal device is moved to the connection point of the adjacent negative ring unit (1), so that the adjustable support arm system is located in the negative ring unit (1) to be removed, and the end of the moving trolley (2) is located in another negative ring unit (1); at the same time, the position of the column (14) corresponds to the position of the forward position hole (12); the pin (16) is inserted into the forward position hole (12) to connect the column (14) and the moving trolley (2); In step thirteen, after the trolley (2) is moved back to the outside of the negative ring unit (1) to be removed, the position of the column (14) corresponds to the position of the retraction hole (13); then the pin (16) is inserted into the retraction hole (13) to connect the column (14) to the trolley (2).

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