A multi-parameter measuring device and life prediction method for diaphragm disc couplings

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of transmission component condition monitoring technology, and specifically relates to a multi-parameter measurement device and life prediction method for diaphragm couplings. The core device includes a fixed bracket (6), test rings installed at both ends of the coupling, and various sensors (magnetostrictive sensor 7, temperature sensor 8, speed / torque sensor 9, vibration sensor 10). Data is collected by the sensor group and transmitted to the processing unit (12) via a junction box (11). The axial compensation and angular compensation are calculated using a mathematical model, and parameters such as torque, vibration, and temperature are analyzed simultaneously. The remaining life is calculated based on the cumulative damage algorithm by comparing real-time data with the infinite life envelope. This achieves real-time online monitoring of the coupling's operating status and precise life management, providing fault warning and maintenance decision-making basis for high-reliability equipment such as aero engines, and significantly improving system safety and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of transmission component condition monitoring technology, and in particular relates to a multi-parameter measuring device and life prediction method for diaphragm couplings. Background Technology

[0002] Diaphragm couplings are transmission accessories that rely on extremely thin metal discs to achieve compensation and torque transmission. Widely used in the aerospace field, they offer advantages such as light weight, high efficiency, maintenance-free operation, and low vibration. The main stress sources for diaphragm couplings are torque transmission and compensation. Torque transmission generates shear stress in the diaphragm disc, while compensation conditions are divided into angular and axial compensation. During angular compensation, bending stress is generated on the diaphragm disc surface, with the stress changing periodically with each rotation, constituting a high-cycle fatigue problem and one of the main damage modes of diaphragm couplings. During axial compensation, bending stress is also generated on the diaphragm disc surface, and this stress is superimposed on the angular compensation stress, reducing the safety factor of the diaphragm coupling.

[0003] Therefore, under high-reliability operating conditions, it is necessary to monitor the power, speed, torque, compensation, and vibration of the coupling to understand its operation. For some couplings that cannot achieve an unlimited design life, life prediction management is also required.

[0004] For diaphragm coupling power measurement, speed measurement, torque measurement, vibration measurement, and temperature measurement, there are already relatively mature solutions available. Typical measurement solutions include:

[0005] Speed ​​measurement is achieved by using a speed sensor in conjunction with a gear ring structure;

[0006] Based on a high-precision speed sensor and a double-gear ring structure, the torsion angle can be calculated from the phase difference of the sensor signal after the coupling is loaded. Multiplying this angle by the torsional stiffness yields the torque, which in turn allows for the calculation of power. By further increasing the sampling frequency, torsional vibration can be calculated based on changes in the signal phase difference.

[0007] By using eddy current sensors and laser displacement sensors in conjunction with a measuring surface, the vibration of rotating parts can be measured.

[0008] Temperature at a target location can be measured using a resistance temperature detector (RTD) or a thermocouple sensor.

[0009] Currently, no publicly available literature has proposed a method or device for monitoring the compensation amount of diaphragm couplings. Existing technologies typically use a laser alignment instrument to measure the initial compensation of the coupling during shaft assembly and alignment, and then indirectly assess the working state of the coupling during operation based on the thermal deformation calculation of the rotating equipment connected to the diaphragm coupling.

[0010] Currently, there is no device capable of simultaneously measuring the power, speed, torque, torsional vibration, compensation (including axial and angular compensation), rotational vibration, and operating temperature of diaphragm couplings.

[0011] Currently, there is no method for predicting and managing the lifespan of diaphragm couplings. Summary of the Invention

[0012] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a multi-parameter measuring device for diaphragm disc couplings, comprising:

[0013] The support frame, made of non-magnetic material, is fixed to the ground or rotor support base;

[0014] The test ring is installed on the flanges at both ends of the diaphragm coupling. The test ring has a cylindrical surface coaxial with the flange of the diaphragm coupling, a circumferentially arranged toothed ring, and a magnetic ring.

[0015] Multiple magnetostrictive sensors are circumferentially distributed on the support to measure the axial distance between the sensor and the magnetic ring.

[0016] The speed sensor uses a variable magnetoresistive sensor to indirectly measure the speed of the diaphragm coupling flange by marking the toothed ring with high and low teeth or hollow teeth.

[0017] Multiple vibration sensors, employing laser displacement sensors or eddy current sensors, indirectly measure the vibration of the diaphragm coupling flange by measuring the radial distance between it and the cylindrical surface;

[0018] Several temperature sensors, including resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), are used to measure the temperature of the bracket.

[0019] Hub box / transmitter; used to receive signals from all sensors;

[0020] The data processing and display unit, connected to the hub / transmitter, is used to process and display signals from all sensors.

[0021] A method for predicting the life of diaphragm couplings, using the aforementioned multi-parameter measuring device for diaphragm couplings:

[0022] Rotational speed and torque are measured using a variable magnetoresistive sensor, and power and torsional vibration are calculated.

[0023] By measuring data from at least three magnetostrictive sensors (7) and combining it with the established mathematical model, the axial compensation (dz) and angular compensation (θx, θy) of the diaphragm coupling are calculated.

[0024] Vibration signals are measured by vibration sensor (10), and the axis motion trajectory can be synthesized;

[0025] Temperature is measured by temperature sensor (8);

[0026] All sensor signals are received through the hub / transmitter (11), and the data processing and display unit (12) filters, denoises, and compensates for temperature of the sensor signals to form a set of integrated working condition datasets that are synchronized in time.

[0027] The comprehensive operating condition dataset is used as an operating point and plotted on the infinite life envelope diagram of the diaphragm coupling;

[0028] If the operating point is within the infinite life envelope, it indicates that the stress borne by the diaphragm coupling under this operating condition is lower than the fatigue limit, and fatigue damage will not occur, nor will fatigue life be consumed.

[0029] If the operating point exceeds the infinite life envelope, it indicates that the stress borne by the diaphragm coupling under this operating condition has exceeded the fatigue limit, entered the finite life region, and will cause fatigue damage, thus beginning to consume its service life. The remaining life is calculated based on the distance exceeding the envelope, the corresponding stress level, the duration of the overload, and the number of cycles.

[0030] Preferably, the calculation methods for axial compensation and angular compensation include:

[0031] Measurement data on the spacing changes of the magnetic rings at both ends at different angular positions were obtained using a magnetostrictive sensor;

[0032] The thermal deformation Δ of the bracket is calculated using data from temperature sensors.

[0033] Temperature deformation correction is applied to the measurement data based on the thermal deformation amount Δ.

[0034] Based on the corrected measurement data, the axial distance compensation and angular compensation of the diaphragm coupling are calculated using a mathematical model.

[0035] Preferably, three magnetostrictive sensors are arranged on each of the two magnetic rings. The angular positions of the magnetostrictive sensors on the two magnetic rings are the same, the distance between the magnetostrictive sensors on the two magnetic rings is the same, and the angle between adjacent magnetostrictive sensors is between 60° and 120°.

[0036] Preferably, the distance between the flanges at the two ends at the angular position θ1 is d1=d1. a -d1 b -d1 c -Δ;

[0037] The distance between the flanges at the two ends at the angular position θ2 is d2=d2 a -d2 b -d2 c -Δ;

[0038] The distance between the flanges at the two ends at the angular position θ3 is d3 = d3 a -d3b -d3 c -Δ;

[0039] Among them, d1 a The initial position data of the two flanges at the angular position θ1, when the diaphragm coupling is not in operation, are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor; d1 b With d1 c The position data of the two flanges at both ends are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor at the angular position θ1 of the diaphragm coupling under working conditions.

[0040] d2 a The initial position data of the two flanges at the angular position θ2, when the diaphragm coupling is not in operation, are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor; d2 b With d2 c The position data of the two flanges at both ends are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor at the angular position θ2 of the diaphragm coupling under working conditions.

[0041] d3 a The initial position data of the two flanges at the angular position θ3, when the diaphragm coupling is not in operation, are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor; d3 b With d3 c The data represents the position data of the flanges at both ends measured by the magnetostrictive sensor at the 31-angle position of the diaphragm coupling during its working state.

[0042] Axial distance compensation amount d z and angular compensation (θ) x ,θ y The calculation formula is:

[0043] ;

[0044] r is the radius of the magnetic ring. The first magnetostrictive sensor's angular position. This refers to the angular position of the second magnetostrictive sensor. This refers to the angular position of the third magnetostrictive sensor.

[0045] Preferably, the method for calculating torque includes:

[0046] Acquire the two sensing signals from the speed sensors on the gear rings at both ends of the diaphragm disc coupling;

[0047] The spatial torsion angle generated by the diaphragm coupling under torque is calculated based on the phase difference between the two sensor signals.

[0048] The torque is calculated based on the spatial torsion angle and the stiffness of the diaphragm coupling.

[0049] Preferably, the power is calculated based on the torque and the rotational speed.

[0050] Preferably, the torsional vibration is calculated based on the rate of change of the phase difference value.

[0051] Preferably, it also includes a method for obtaining the axis of motion trajectory:

[0052] Two orthogonal vibration sensors (10) are arranged on the two mounting sides of the diaphragm coupling (1). The orthogonally arranged sensors simultaneously collect vibration displacement signals in the X and Y directions.

[0053] Based on the vibration displacement signals in the X and Y directions and the radius of the cylindrical surface (13), the current position of the axis is calculated, and the coordinates of the axis position of the time series are continuously plotted in the coordinate system to obtain the axis motion trajectory diagram.

[0054] Through the above steps, this invention achieves a complete technical closed loop from real-time monitoring of multiple parameters to accurate prediction of remaining lifespan, providing strong support for the health management of core equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is a left view of the monitoring device;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the AA cross-section compensation and temperature measurement structure;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the BB section torque and vibration measurement structure;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the BB integrated multifunctional test ring structure;

[0059] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement principle of a magnetostrictive sensor.

[0060] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the data processing principle.

[0061] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the sensor distribution dimensions.

[0062] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the data acquisition and processing system. Detailed Implementation

[0063] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-8 As shown, Figure 1 In a typical application scenario of a diaphragm coupling 1, a reference shaft 2 and a spacer shaft 3 are connected via the diaphragm coupling 1. During operation, the distal end of the spacer shaft (not shown) may experience axial or radial displacement, thereby causing axial or angular deformation of the diaphragm coupling 1.

[0064] The multi-parameter measuring device for the diaphragm coupling 1 described in this invention consists of a bracket 6, three magnetostrictive sensors 7, several temperature sensors (preferably resistance temperature detectors 8), a test ring 4 and a test ring 5 mounted on the flanges at both ends of the diaphragm coupling 1, four speed / torque sensors (preferably variable reluctance sensors 99), four vibration sensors 10 (which can be laser displacement sensors or eddy current sensors), a junction box / transmitter 11, and a data processing and display unit 12.

[0065] The test rings 4 and 5 are mounted on the flanges on both sides of the diaphragm coupling 1 and have the following structural features: First, a cylindrical surface 13 that cooperates with the vibration sensor 10 and has high coaxiality and roundness with the flange of the diaphragm coupling 1. Second, a toothed ring 14 with high and low teeth or hollow teeth arranged circumferentially to cooperate with the speed sensor. Third, a magnetic ring 15 that cooperates with the magnetostrictive sensor 7. It is easy to understand that the test rings do not have a unique structural form. Depending on the actual situation, the structural features required by the test rings can be concentrated or distributed in appropriate positions with the diaphragm coupling 1. The connection methods include, but are not limited to, welding, bolting, interference fit, or integral machining. This invention uses an independent multifunctional integrated test ring with a stop centering and bolt connection as an example to illustrate its structural features.

[0066] The magnetostrictive sensor 7, temperature sensor 8, variable magnetoresistive sensor 9, and vibration sensor 10 are all mounted on the bracket 6. The bracket 6 is made of non-magnetic material and is fixed to the ground or to the rotor's support foundation. During operation, the relative position of the bracket 6 and the diaphragm coupling 1 cannot have significant displacement. Simultaneously, the design of the bracket 6 ensures that the structural characteristics of the measured ring of the diaphragm coupling 1 are within the range of its corresponding sensor under any compensation condition, and that there is no interference with the sensor.

[0067] Rotational speed measurement is achieved using a variable magnetoresistive sensor 9 in conjunction with a gear ring structure 14. Since both ends of the diaphragm coupling 1 are designed with gear ring structures, the spatial torsion angle can be calculated based on the phase difference of the sensor signal after the diaphragm coupling 1 is loaded. Multiplying this angle by the torsional stiffness yields the torque, which in turn allows for the calculation of the power. By further increasing the sampling frequency, torsional vibration can be calculated based on the changes in the signal phase difference.

[0068] Using an eddy current sensor / laser displacement sensor 10 in conjunction with the measuring surface 13, the vibration of rotating components can be measured. This invention designs two orthogonally arranged vibration sensors 10 on the two mounting sides of the diaphragm coupling 1, and can also calculate the shaft center movement trajectory based on the measurement results.

[0069] The temperature at the target location can be measured using a resistance temperature detector (RTD) or a thermocouple sensor.

[0070] The above measurement principles are relatively mature and will not be elaborated further. The following section introduces the measurement scheme and data processing principle of the compensation amount of the diaphragm coupling 1.

[0071] The compensation measurement of the diaphragm coupling 1 can be achieved using a magnetostrictive sensor 7, which is a measuring device that utilizes magnetic properties and micro-elastic deformation for accurate positioning. It features absolute position measurement, non-contact measurement, high resolution, and high sampling rate. Based on existing technology, dual-point position measurement can be achieved using the same sensor.

[0072] Since the magnetic rings 15 on the measured rings 4 and 5 are made of magnetic material, the magnetostrictive sensor 7 can obtain the absolute position of the two magnetic rings. The compensation calculation requirements can be met by using three circumferentially distributed magnetostrictive sensors 7; the recommended angle distribution between the sensors is between 60° and 120°. Simultaneously, to correct for the influence of ambient temperature on the measurement accuracy of the magnetostrictive sensor 7, one or more temperature sensors 8 can be placed on the bracket 6 near the magnetostrictive sensor 7.

[0073] The compensation data processing principle of the diaphragm coupling 1 is shown in the figure below. The radius of the magnetic ring 15 is r. The distance between the magnetic rings 15 measured by the first magnetostrictive sensor 7 can be set as d1. The distance between the magnetic rings measured by the second and third magnetostrictive sensors 7 can be set as d2 and d3, respectively. d1, d2, and d3 are the data after temperature correction.

[0074] Among them, d1 a The initial position data of the two flanges at the angular position θ1, when the diaphragm coupling is not in operation, are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor; d1 b With d1 c The position data of the two flanges at both ends are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor at the angular position θ1 of the diaphragm coupling under working conditions.

[0075] d2 a The initial position data of the two flanges at the angular position θ2, when the diaphragm coupling is not in operation, are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor; d2 b With d2 c The position data of the two flanges at both ends are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor at the angular position θ2 of the diaphragm coupling under working conditions.

[0076] d3 a The initial position data of the two flanges at the angular position θ3, when the diaphragm coupling is not in operation, are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor; d3 b With d3 c The data represents the position data of the flanges at both ends measured by the magnetostrictive sensor at the 31-angle position of the diaphragm coupling during its working state.

[0077] The angles between the two flanges of the diaphragm coupling 1 are θx and θy, and the axial distance is dz.

[0078] ;

[0079] r is the radius of the magnetic ring. The first magnetostrictive sensor's angular position. This refers to the angular position of the second magnetostrictive sensor. This refers to the angular position of the third magnetostrictive sensor.

[0080] Based on this, the axial and angular compensation amounts of the diaphragm coupling 1 can be determined.

[0081] The schematic diagram of measurement data acquisition and processing is as follows:

[0082] Three parallel magnetostrictive sensors 7, several temperature sensors (preferably resistance temperature detectors 8), two speed / torque sensors 9, and four vibration sensors 10 collect data and connect it to a junction box / transmitter 11. The junction box / transmitter 11 transmits the signal to a data processing and display unit 12. The data processing and display unit 12 processes the data and displays or uploads the measurement results to a host computer.

[0083] The aforementioned device allows for accurate measurement of the combined operating conditions (power, speed, torque, compensation, and temperature) experienced by the diaphragm coupling 1 throughout its lifespan. Through simulation analysis combined with experiments, the stress state of the diaphragm coupling 1 can be precisely calculated and measured using speed, temperature, torque, torsional vibration, compensation, and vibration as boundary conditions, combined with the structure and material properties of the diaphragm coupling 1. This provides the necessary data foundation for predicting the lifespan of the diaphragm coupling 1.

[0084] By combining operating conditions such as speed, temperature, torque, torsional vibration, compensation amount, and vibration, the infinite life envelope of the diaphragm coupling 1 can be calculated. By comparing the real-time operating conditions of the diaphragm coupling 1 with the infinite life envelope, if the operating conditions are covered within the infinite life range, the life of the diaphragm coupling 1 will not be reduced. If the operating conditions exceed the infinite life envelope of the diaphragm coupling 1, the remaining life of the diaphragm coupling 1 can be calculated based on the overload conditions that have occurred and the corresponding number of cycles, using a life assessment algorithm.

[0085] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-parameter measuring device for diaphragm disc couplings, characterized in that, include: The bracket (6) is made of non-magnetic material and is fixed to the ground or rotor support base; The test ring is installed on the flanges at both ends of the diaphragm coupling (1). The test ring has a cylindrical surface (13) coaxial with the flange of the diaphragm coupling (1), a toothed ring (14) arranged in a circumferential direction, and a magnetic ring (15). Multiple magnetostrictive sensors (7) are circumferentially distributed on the support (6) to measure the axial distance between the sensor and the magnetic ring (15); The speed sensor adopts a variable magnetoresistive sensor (9), which indirectly measures the speed of the flange of the diaphragm coupling (1) by marking the toothed ring (14) with high and low teeth or hollow teeth; Multiple vibration sensors (10), using laser displacement sensors or eddy current sensors, indirectly measure the vibration of the flange of the diaphragm coupling (1) by measuring the radial distance between it and the cylindrical surface (13); Several temperature sensors (8), using resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), are used to measure the temperature of the bracket (6); Hub box / transmitter (11); used to receive signals from all sensors; The data processing and display unit (12), connected to the hub / transmitter (11), is used to process and display signals from all sensors.

2. A method for predicting the life of a diaphragm coupling, using the multi-parameter measuring device for diaphragm couplings as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Rotational speed and torque are measured by a variable reluctance sensor (9), and power and torsional vibration are calculated. The axial compensation (dz) and angular compensation (θx, θy) of the diaphragm coupling (1) are calculated by measuring data from at least three magnetostrictive sensors (7) and combining the established mathematical model. Vibration signals are measured by vibration sensor (10), and the axis motion trajectory can be synthesized; Temperature is measured by temperature sensor (8); All sensor signals are received through the hub / transmitter (11), and the data processing and display unit (12) filters, denoises, and compensates for temperature of the sensor signals to form a set of integrated working condition datasets that are synchronized in time. The comprehensive working condition dataset is used as a working condition point and plotted on the infinite life envelope diagram of the diaphragm coupling (1); If the operating point is within the infinite life envelope: it indicates that the stress borne by the diaphragm coupling (1) under this operating condition is lower than the fatigue limit, and will not cause fatigue damage or consume fatigue life. If the operating point exceeds the infinite life envelope: it indicates that the stress borne by the diaphragm coupling (1) under this operating condition has exceeded the fatigue limit and entered the finite life zone, which will cause fatigue damage and begin to consume its service life; calculate the remaining life based on the distance beyond the envelope, the corresponding stress level, the duration of overload, and the number of cycles.

3. The method for predicting the lifespan of a diaphragm disc coupling as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation methods for axial compensation and angular compensation include: Measurement data on the spacing changes of the magnetic rings (15) at different angular positions are obtained by the magnetostrictive sensor (7); The thermal deformation Δ of the bracket (6) is calculated using data from the temperature sensor (8); Temperature deformation correction is applied to the measurement data based on the thermal deformation amount Δ. Based on the corrected measurement data, the axial distance compensation and angular compensation of the diaphragm coupling (1) are calculated using a mathematical model.

4. The method for predicting the lifespan of a diaphragm disc coupling as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Three magnetostrictive sensors (7) are arranged on the magnetic rings (15) at both ends respectively. The angular positions of the magnetostrictive sensors (7) on the magnetic rings (15) at both ends are the same. The distance between the magnetostrictive sensors (7) on the magnetic rings (15) at both ends is the same. The angle between adjacent magnetostrictive sensors (7) is between 60° and 120°.

5. The method for predicting the lifespan of a diaphragm disc coupling as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The distance between the flanges at the two ends at the angular position θ1 is d1=d1 a -d1 b -d1 c -Δ; The distance between the flanges at the two ends at the angular position θ2 is d2=d2 a -d2 b -d2 c -Δ; The distance between the flanges at the two ends at the angular position θ3 is d3 = d3 a -d3 b -d3 c -Δ; Among them, d1 a The initial position data of the two flanges at the angular position θ1, when the diaphragm coupling is not in operation, are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor; d1 b With d1 c The position data of the two flanges at both ends are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor at the angular position θ1 of the diaphragm coupling under working conditions. d2 a The initial position data of the two flanges at the angular position θ2, when the diaphragm coupling is not in operation, are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor; d2 b With d2 c The position data of the two flanges at both ends are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor at the angular position θ2 of the diaphragm coupling under working conditions. d3 a The initial position data of the two flanges at the angular position θ3, when the diaphragm coupling is not in operation, are measured by the magnetostrictive sensor; d3 b With d3 c The data represents the position data of the flanges at both ends measured by the magnetostrictive sensor at the 31-angle position of the diaphragm coupling during its working state.

6. The method for predicting the lifespan of a diaphragm disc coupling as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Axial distance compensation amount d z and angular compensation (θ) x ,θ y The calculation formula is: ； r is the radius of the magnetic ring. The first magnetostrictive sensor's angular position. This refers to the angular position of the second magnetostrictive sensor. This refers to the angular position of the third magnetostrictive sensor.

7. The method for predicting the lifespan of a diaphragm disc coupling as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Methods for calculating torque include: Two sensing signals from the speed sensors on the gear rings (14) at both ends of the diaphragm coupling (1) are acquired respectively; The spatial torsion angle generated by the diaphragm coupling (1) under torque is calculated based on the phase difference between the two sensor signals. The torque is calculated based on the spatial torsion angle and the stiffness of the diaphragm coupling (1).

8. The method for predicting the lifespan of a diaphragm disc coupling as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The power is calculated based on the torque and rotational speed.

9. The method for predicting the lifespan of a diaphragm disc coupling as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The torsional vibration is calculated based on the rate of change of the phase difference.

10. The method for predicting the lifespan of a diaphragm disc coupling as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes methods for obtaining the axis of motion trajectory: Two orthogonal vibration sensors (10) are arranged on the two mounting sides of the diaphragm coupling (1). The orthogonally arranged sensors simultaneously collect vibration displacement signals in the X and Y directions. Based on the vibration displacement signals in the X and Y directions and the radius of the cylindrical surface (13), the current position of the axis is calculated, and the coordinates of the axis position of the time series are continuously plotted in the coordinate system to obtain the axis motion trajectory diagram.

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