High temperature dynamic seal test simulation system and method of testing

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of high-temperature dynamic sealing technology, and discloses a high-temperature dynamic sealing test simulation system and testing method. The system includes a test apparatus comprising a test chamber, an oil / gas inlet and an oil / gas outlet connected to the test chamber; a heating device corresponding to the test chamber; an air supply device and an oil supply device, respectively connected to the oil / gas inlet via a first valve and a second valve; and a testing device connected to the oil / gas outlet, the first valve, and the second valve via signal connections. The testing device detects the oil / gas concentration at the oil / gas outlet per unit time and adjusts the opening of the first and second valves based on the oil / gas ratio and particle size distribution at the outlet per unit time. This invention solves the problem that existing simulation systems struggle to stably and reliably simulate the oil / gas environment during actual high-temperature dynamic sealing tests of aero-engine bearing cavities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-temperature dynamic sealing technology, specifically to a high-temperature dynamic sealing test simulation system and test method. Background Technology

[0002] The dynamic sealing system of bearing cavities in aero-engines, especially graphite-based dynamic seals, is affected by thermo-mechanical-fluid-structure interaction during service. Its sealing performance and frictional wear behavior are closely related to factors such as oil-gas type, ratio, temperature, and particle size. However, existing testing systems struggle to construct and maintain measurably, controllably, and repeatedly under high-temperature conditions to accurately measure and control the oil-gas ratio and particle size. This results in insufficient representativeness of test data compared to actual operating conditions, hindering the selection of dynamic sealing materials and structural optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a high-temperature dynamic seal test simulation system and test method to solve the problem that existing simulation systems are unable to stably and reliably simulate the oil and gas environment during the actual high-temperature dynamic seal test of the bearing cavity of an aero-engine.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-temperature dynamic seal test simulation device, comprising: The test apparatus includes a test chamber, an oil and gas inlet and an oil and gas outlet connected to the test chamber; Heating devices are installed corresponding to the test chamber; The gas supply device and the oil supply device are connected to the oil and gas inlet through the first valve and the second valve, respectively. The testing device is connected to the oil and gas outlet, the first valve, and the second valve. The testing device detects the oil and gas at the oil and gas outlet per unit time and adjusts the opening of the first valve and the second valve according to the oil and gas ratio and particle size distribution at the oil and gas outlet per unit time.

[0005] Beneficial effects: The testing device monitors the oil and gas at the outlet in real time per unit time, and adjusts the opening of the first and second valves according to the oil and gas ratio and particle size distribution at the outlet per unit time, thereby forming a closed-loop control to achieve a balanced oil and gas ratio and stable particle size distribution in the test chamber. This realizes intelligent adjustment of the oil and gas ratio, which can simulate the lubrication state and tribological properties of graphite dynamic sealing materials in the oil and gas environment of aero-engine bearing cavity, and support the selection and optimization design of friction pairs under the working conditions of graphite dynamic seals in aero-engines.

[0006] In one alternative embodiment, a third valve is provided between the first valve, the second valve, and the oil / gas inlet.

[0007] The first and second valves are used to control the gas supply of the gas supply device and the oil supply of the oil supply device respectively, with the oil-gas ratio adjustment error not exceeding 1%. The third valve is used to adjust the total amount of oil and gas. The three valves work together for greater precision.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the testing apparatus includes a laser, a receiver, and a computer connected in sequence. The laser is adapted to emit laser light into the oil and gas outlet, the receiver is adapted to receive the laser light reflected from the oil and gas and transmit it to the computer, and the computer is adapted to calculate the proportion of oil and gas at the outlet per unit time based on the received laser signal.

[0009] A particle size analyzer is constructed by combining a laser and a receiver. The emitted laser is used to detect the oil and gas at the oil and gas outlet per unit time. The full-range Mie scattering theory is used to analyze the oil and gas distribution per unit time and space using a computer, and the oil and gas ratio at the outlet per unit time is calculated. This method can quickly and effectively obtain the oil and gas ratio in the test chamber per unit time, making it more efficient and accurate.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the test device is further provided with a sample assembly structure, which includes a groove disposed in the test chamber and an opening disposed on the test device. The opening is disposed corresponding to the groove, the opening is suitable for placing a first sample, and the groove is suitable for placing a second sample. During the test, the first sample and the second sample are in contact.

[0011] The opening and the design of the groove facilitate the installation of the first and second specimens in the test device, while also taking into account the relative sealing of the test chamber, which can more realistically simulate various performances under high temperature dynamic sealing environment.

[0012] In one alternative implementation, the heating device is provided correspondingly to the tank.

[0013] The above settings ensure the effectiveness and reliability of heating, making the environment in the test chamber closer to the real environment.

[0014] In one alternative embodiment, the heating device is arranged around the opening of the tank.

[0015] The heating device directly heats the groove opening, which is the contact surface between the first and second samples, making it more efficient.

[0016] In one alternative implementation, the oil and gas inlet and the oil and gas outlet are positioned opposite each other on both sides of the test chamber.

[0017] The oil and gas inlet and outlet are set opposite each other, which allows the oil and gas to fill the entire test chamber as much as possible, making it closer to the real high-temperature dynamic sealing environment.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for testing using a high-temperature dynamic seal test simulation system, comprising the following steps: Set the target oil and gas ratio and target particle size; The first and second specimens are placed in the predetermined positions of the test chamber, and the first and second specimens are moved relative to each other. Lubricating oil and air are introduced into the test chamber, while the friction surfaces of the first and second samples are heated simultaneously. The oil and gas at the outlet of the test chamber are detected according to the predetermined sampling cycle. Based on the deviation between the oil and gas ratio and particle size distribution at the outlet per unit time and the target oil and gas ratio and target particle size, the ratio of lubricating oil and air and the particle size distribution are adjusted until the target oil and gas ratio and target particle size are achieved.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The testing device monitors the oil and gas at the outlet in real time per unit time, and adjusts the opening of the first and second valves according to the oil and gas ratio and particle size distribution at the outlet per unit time, thereby forming a closed-loop control to achieve a balanced oil and gas ratio and stable particle size distribution in the test chamber. This realizes intelligent adjustment of the oil and gas ratio, which can simulate the lubrication state and tribological properties of graphite dynamic sealing materials in the oil and gas environment of aero-engine bearing cavity, and support the selection and optimization design of friction pairs under the working conditions of graphite dynamic seals in aero-engines.

[0020] In one alternative implementation, the predetermined cycle is 1 second / cycle.

[0021] In one alternative implementation, an adaptive weighting is applied to the oil-gas ratio and particle size distribution deviation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the high-temperature dynamic seal testing simulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Test apparatus; 101. Test chamber; 102. Oil and gas inlet; 103. Oil and gas outlet; 104. Sample assembly structure; 1041. Tank; 1042. Opening; 2. Heating device; 3. Gas supply device; 4. Oil supply device; 5. First valve; 6. Second valve; 7. Testing device; 701. Laser; 702. Receiver; 703. Computer; 8. Third valve. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The following is combined Figures 1 to 2 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] In a first aspect, according to embodiments of the present invention, a high-temperature dynamic seal test simulation device is provided, comprising: The test apparatus 1 includes a test chamber 101, an oil and gas inlet 102 and an oil and gas outlet 103 connected to the test chamber 101; Heating device 2 is provided corresponding to test chamber 101; Gas supply device 3 and oil supply device 4 are respectively connected to oil and gas inlet 102 through first valve 5 and second valve 6; The testing device 7 is connected to the oil and gas outlet 103, the first valve 5, and the second valve 6. The testing device 7 detects the oil and gas in the oil and gas outlet 103 per unit time and adjusts the opening of the first valve 5 and the second valve 6 according to the oil and gas ratio and particle size distribution of the oil and gas outlet 103 per unit time.

[0028] The test apparatus 1 is made of metal composite material and includes a box and a cover that are interlocked. The box and cover can be cuboids, cubes, etc., preferably cuboids, but no specific limitation is made. The box and cover are connected by screws. The heating device 2 can be located inside or outside the test chamber 101, preferably inside, for more thorough and effective heating and reduced heat loss. The gas supply device 3 is an air tank, and the oil supply device 4 is a lubricating oil tank. The air tank and lubricating oil tank are connected to the gas / oil inlet 102 via gas pipelines and lubricating oil pipelines, respectively. A first valve 5 and a second valve 6 are respectively installed on the gas pipeline and lubricating oil pipeline. The first valve 5 and the second valve 6 can be solenoid valves. A temperature sensor and a heating controller can be installed on the outer wall of the test chamber 101 to achieve automatic constant temperature control; simultaneously, a built-in pressure sensor is used to monitor pressure fluctuations within the chamber.

[0029] Beneficial effects: The testing device 7 detects the oil and gas at the oil and gas outlet 103 in real time per unit time, and adjusts the opening of the first valve 5 and the second valve 6 according to the oil and gas ratio and particle size distribution at the oil and gas outlet 103 per unit time, thereby forming a closed-loop control to ensure that the oil and gas ratio in the test chamber 101 reaches a balance and the particle size distribution is stable, realizing intelligent adjustment of the oil and gas ratio. This can simulate the lubrication state and tribological properties of graphite dynamic sealing materials in the oil and gas environment of aero-engine bearing cavity, supporting the selection and optimization design of friction pairs under the working conditions of graphite dynamic seals in aero-engines.

[0030] In one embodiment, a third valve 8 is provided between the first valve 5, the second valve 6, and the oil and gas inlet 102.

[0031] After the first valve 5 and the second valve 6 are set in parallel, they are set in series with the third valve 8. In this way, the first valve 5 and the second valve 6 are used to control the gas supply of the gas supply device 3 and the oil supply of the oil supply device 4 respectively, and the oil-gas ratio adjustment error does not exceed 1%. The third valve 8 is used to adjust the total amount of oil and gas. The three work together to make it more precise.

[0032] In one embodiment, the testing device 7 includes a laser 701, a receiver 702, and a computer 703 connected in sequence. The laser 701 is adapted to emit laser light into the oil and gas output from the oil and gas outlet 103. The receiver 702 is adapted to receive the laser light reflected from the oil and gas and transmit it to the computer. The computer is adapted to calculate the oil and gas ratio of the oil and gas outlet 103 per unit time based on the received laser signal.

[0033] The laser emission port of the laser 701 is set to correspond to the oil and gas outlet 103 of the test device 1, so as to facilitate the direct emission of laser from the oil and gas output from the oil and gas outlet 103. Similarly, the laser receiving port of the receiver 702 is also set to correspond to the oil and gas outlet 103 of the test device 1, so as to receive the laser emitted by the oil and gas in time. The laser 701 and the receiver 702 are connected by signal, and the computer 703 is connected by signal to the receiver 702.

[0034] A particle size analyzer is formed by combining a laser 701 and a receiver 702. The emitted laser is used to detect the oil and gas at the oil and gas outlet 103 per unit time. The full-range Mie scattering theory is used, and the computer 703 is used to analyze the oil and gas distribution per unit time and per unit space, and calculate the oil and gas ratio at the oil and gas outlet 103 per unit time. The oil and gas ratio in the test chamber 101 per unit time is obtained quickly and effectively, which is more efficient and accurate.

[0035] In one embodiment, the test device 1 is further provided with a sample assembly structure 104. The sample assembly structure 104 includes a groove 1041 disposed in the test chamber 101 and an opening 1042 disposed on the test device 1. The opening 1042 is disposed corresponding to the groove 1041. The opening 1042 is suitable for placing a first sample, and the groove 1041 is suitable for placing a second sample. During the test, the first sample and the second sample are in contact.

[0036] The shape and size of the opening 1042 and the groove 1041 are consistent with the shape and size of the first sample and the second test, and can be square, rectangular, or circular, etc. If it is square, the size can be 1cm × 1cm, and if it is circular, the diameter is 1cm. No specific restrictions are made here. The opening 1042 is set on the cover and extends through the cover to facilitate holding the first test and moving it up and down in the opening 1042 to apply friction to the second test.

[0037] The opening 1042 and the groove 1041 facilitate the installation of the first and second samples in the test device 1, while also taking into account the relative sealing of the test chamber 101, which can more realistically simulate various performances under high temperature dynamic sealing environment.

[0038] In one embodiment, the heating device 2 is provided correspondingly to the tank 1041.

[0039] The above settings ensure the effectiveness and reliability of heating, making the environment in the test chamber 101 closer to the real environment.

[0040] In one embodiment, the heating device 2 is arranged in a ring around the opening of the tank 1041.

[0041] The heating device 2 can be a ring-shaped electromagnetic heating coil, directly surrounding the slot opening. Of course, the heating device 2 can also be placed on one side of the slot opening; there are no specific restrictions here.

[0042] Heating device 2 directly heats the groove opening, i.e. the contact surface between the first and second samples, which is more efficient.

[0043] In one embodiment, the oil and gas inlet 102 and the oil and gas outlet 103 are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the test chamber 101.

[0044] When the test chamber 101 is a cuboid, the oil and gas inlet 102 and the oil and gas outlet 103 are respectively located on the two wide sides and are arranged symmetrically to satisfy the requirements of uniform flow field and installation constraints. Of course, the oil and gas inlet 102 and the oil and gas outlet 103 can also be located on the same side, and no specific restrictions are imposed here.

[0045] The oil and gas inlet 102 and the oil and gas outlet 103 are set opposite to each other, which allows the oil and gas to fill the entire test chamber 101 as much as possible, making it closer to the real high-temperature dynamic sealing environment.

[0046] Secondly, according to embodiments of the present invention, a method for conducting tests using a high-temperature dynamic seal test simulation system is also provided, comprising the following steps: The target oil and gas ratio and target particle size will be set. The first and second samples are placed in the predetermined positions of the test chamber 101, and the first and second samples are moved relative to each other. Lubricating oil and air are introduced into the test chamber 101, while the friction surfaces of the first and second samples are heated simultaneously. The oil and gas at the oil and gas outlet 103 of the test chamber 101 are detected according to the predetermined sampling cycle. Based on the deviation between the oil and gas ratio and particle size distribution at the oil and gas outlet 103 per unit time and the target oil and gas ratio and target particle size, the ratio of lubricating oil and air and the particle size distribution are adjusted until the target oil and gas ratio and target particle size are achieved.

[0047] The control system sets the target oil-gas ratio R0 (0.1%~30%) and target particle size D0 (10~100 μm). The heating temperature is 200℃-400℃. Closed-loop regulation is performed using proportional-integral-derivative (PID) or model predictive control (MPC) algorithms, completing sampling and calculation at a cycle of 1 second or less. Adaptive weighting is applied to the deviations in oil-gas ratio and particle size to achieve rapid convergence and suppress oscillations. By changing or fine-tuning the flow cross-section, atomization angle, and supply pressure of the lubricating oil nozzle, combined with closed-loop control, the oil-gas particle distribution is set and maintained within the range of 10μm to 100μm. When the detected oil-gas ratio is higher than the set value, the opening of the second valve 6 is automatically reduced or the opening of the first valve 5 is increased, and vice versa. The system's predetermined sampling cycle is 1 second, the closed-loop adjustment cycle does not exceed 2 seconds, and the response time is faster than 3 seconds. The system converges after 2-3 sampling cycles (approximately 3-5 seconds), maintaining an oil-gas ratio error of ≤±1% and a particle size distribution deviation of ≤±5μm within the test chamber 101. The computer 703 automatically records data such as oil-gas ratio, temperature, pressure, flow rate, particle distribution, and friction coefficient, generating an oil-gas environment-friction response dataset to provide a basis for evaluating the performance of dynamic sealing materials.

[0048] Beneficial Effects: By real-time monitoring of the oil and gas at the oil and gas outlet 103 per unit time, and adjusting the oil and air intake ratio based on the oil and gas ratio and particle size distribution at the outlet 103 per unit time, a closed-loop control is formed. This ensures that the oil and gas ratio within the test chamber 101 is balanced and the particle size distribution is stable, achieving intelligent adjustment of the oil and gas ratio. Specifically, it can accurately provide an oil and gas ratio within the range of 0.1% to 30% (volume fraction) with a control precision of ±1% (relative error). Simultaneously, through coupling control of the lubricating oil nozzle size and operating parameters, adjustable and stable maintenance of oil and gas particles from 10μm to 100μm is achieved. This allows for the reproduction of the actual oil and gas environment of the dynamic seal in the bearing cavity under high-temperature conditions, significantly improving the representativeness, repeatability, and traceability of graphite-based dynamic seal friction and wear test data, meeting the testing and design optimization requirements of engine dynamic sealing systems.

[0049] In one embodiment, the predetermined cycle is 1 second / cycle.

[0050] In one embodiment, an adaptive weighting is applied to the oil-gas ratio and particle size distribution deviation.

[0051] This invention regulates the oil-gas ratio inside the test chamber 101 by controlling the flow rate of air and lubricating oil through a combination of valves, so that the oil-gas ratio inside the test chamber 101 is kept in a stable state and the error of the adjusted oil-gas ratio does not exceed 1%. Specifically, the size of the oil-gas particles can be controlled by adjusting the size of the lubricating oil nozzle, so that the oil-gas particles can be controlled within the range of 10μm to 100μm.

[0052] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high temperature dynamic seal test simulation system, characterized by, include: The test apparatus (1) includes a test chamber (101), an oil and gas inlet (102) and an oil and gas outlet (103) connected to the test chamber (101). A heating device (2) is provided corresponding to the test chamber (101); The gas supply device (3) and the oil supply device (4) are respectively connected to the oil and gas inlet (102) through the first valve (5) and the second valve (6); The testing device (7) is connected to the oil and gas outlet (103), the first valve (5) and the second valve (6) by signal. The testing device (7) detects the oil and gas in the oil and gas outlet (103) per unit time, and adjusts the opening of the first valve (5) and the second valve (6) according to the oil and gas ratio and particle size distribution of the oil and gas outlet (103) per unit time.

2. The high-temperature dynamic seal test simulation system of claim 1, wherein, A third valve (8) is also provided between the first valve (5), the second valve (6) and the oil and gas inlet (102).

3. The high-temperature dynamic seal test simulation system of claim 1, wherein, The testing device (7) includes a laser (701), a receiver (702), and a computer (703) connected in sequence. The laser (701) is adapted to emit laser light into the oil and gas output from the oil and gas outlet (103). The receiver (702) is adapted to receive the laser light reflected from the oil and gas and transmit it to the computer (703). The computer (703) is adapted to calculate the oil and gas ratio of the oil and gas outlet (103) per unit time based on the received laser signal.

4. The high-temperature dynamic seal test simulation system of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The test device (1) is also provided with a sample assembly structure (104). The sample assembly structure (104) includes a groove (1041) disposed in the test chamber (101) and an opening (1042) disposed on the test device (1). The opening (1042) is disposed corresponding to the groove (1041). The opening (1042) is suitable for placing a first sample, and the groove (1041) is suitable for placing a second sample. During the test, the first sample and the second sample are in contact.

5. The high-temperature dynamic seal test simulation system of claim 4, wherein, The heating device (2) is provided in correspondence with the tank (1041).

6. The high-temperature dynamic seal test simulation system of claim 5, wherein, The heating device (2) is arranged around the opening of the groove of the tank (1041).

7. The high-temperature dynamic seal test simulation system of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The oil and gas inlet (102) and the oil and gas outlet (103) are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the test chamber (101).

8. A method of testing using the high temperature dynamic seal test simulation system of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Set the target oil and gas ratio and target particle size; The first and second specimens are placed in the predetermined positions of the test chamber (101), and the first and second specimens are moved relative to each other. Lubricating oil and air are introduced into the test chamber (101), while the friction surfaces of the first and second samples are heated simultaneously. The oil and gas at the oil and gas outlet (103) of the test chamber (101) are detected according to the predetermined sampling cycle. Based on the deviation between the oil and gas ratio and particle size distribution at the oil and gas outlet (103) per unit time and the target oil and gas ratio and target particle size, the ratio of lubricating oil and air and the particle size distribution are adjusted until the target oil and gas ratio and target particle size are achieved.

9. The testing method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The predetermined sampling period is 1 second per sampling.

10. The method of testing of claim 9, wherein, An adaptive weighting method is used to assign weights to the deviations in oil-gas ratio and particle size distribution.

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