A water sampling device suitable for steep slope far shore rapids

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, in particular to a water sampling device suitable for steep slope far shore torrent, comprising a counterweight platform, the end of the support rod of the counterweight platform is suspended and provided with a box, a chain wheel disc is installed in the box through a first rotating shaft, a chain is provided around the chain wheel disc, the chain is extended and penetrates through the bottom plate of the box from the chain wheel disc, and the end of the chain is fixedly connected with a water sampling cylinder; a main chain wheel is engaged at the corner of the chain, the main chain wheel is installed on the box through a second rotating shaft, and the ends of the two rotating shafts are both installed with a motor; two limiting chain wheels are engaged on the chain located in the downward section of the main chain wheel; the switching assembly touches the adjacent clamping assembly to change the connection mode between the adjacent chain plates, so that the chain joint in the direction of the chain wheel disc can freely move to facilitate winding, the chain joint lowered to the outside of the box is clamped and fixed to form a support rod, and the water sampling cylinder can accurately reach the water sampling place of the target depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring technology, specifically to a water sampling device suitable for steep slopes and rapid currents on distant banks. Background Technology

[0002] Environmental monitoring water sampling is an important technical means for environmental protection and water quality management. By collecting representative water samples at specific locations and depths in water bodies such as rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, the samples are used to analyze the physical, chemical, and biological indicators of the water, assess the water environment quality and pollution levels, and provide a scientific basis for environmental governance and ecological protection. In actual sampling operations, water sampling on steep slopes and in fast-flowing currents is one of the most challenging conditions. These water bodies are typically located in complex terrain areas such as mountain rivers, canyon streams, or the tail end of reservoirs.

[0003] Chinese patent document (publication number: CN120445750B) discloses an environmental monitoring water sampling device, including: a frame; and a winding mechanism, which is mounted on the frame and used for winding and unwinding. The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: by setting up a winding mechanism, a distance fixing mechanism, and a sampling mechanism, the sampling mechanism can be placed into the water body as needed during water sampling. When the sampling mechanism is placed in the water, the depth of the sampling mechanism entering the water body can be proportionally set by the distance fixing mechanism. After the sampling mechanism is moved to the bottom of the water, the distance fixing mechanism can adaptively adjust the water samples at different depths based on the different depths of the sampling mechanism sinking to the bottom. This reduces the workload of the staff and shortens the working time. Thus, water samples at different depths can be sampled in a single placement of the sampling mechanism into the water body.

[0004] Existing water quality sampling devices generally face the following technical challenges in complex aquatic environments: traditional traction ropes are prone to bending and drifting due to the impact of water flow, resulting in inaccurate sampling depth and inability to maintain stability in fast-flowing or multi-density water; the overall structure of the device is fixed and bulky, making it difficult to transport in complex terrains such as steep slopes and distant shores, and it is impossible to flexibly adjust the operating range and counterweight according to different aquatic environments, which seriously restricts the convenience and adaptability of field operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a water sampling device suitable for steep slopes, distant banks, and rapid currents. The support frame achieves rapid storage and adjustment of the operating range through folding and telescopic rods. The counterweight system uses a locally sourced water counterweight cylinder and quick-release counterweight blocks to achieve dynamic counterweighting. A dual-motor driven worm gear mechanism inside the housing, combined with an angle sensor, enables dual control of the chain's attitude. The chain drive system can automatically switch between a rigid rod-like state and a flexible state to achieve precise lowering and retrieval of the water sampling cylinder. The locking assembly achieves stable locking and automatic reset during the transition between rigid and flexible states through a multi-stage linkage structure of arc-shaped guide grooves, expansion grooves, and buffer grooves. The overall solution effectively solves the technical challenges of precise control of sampling depth, current resistance stability, portability and flexibility, and operational reliability in complex aquatic environments.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A water sampling device suitable for steep slopes and rapid currents on distant banks includes a counterweight platform. A support rod is installed on the counterweight platform, and a box is suspended at the end of the support rod. A sprocket is installed inside the box via a first rotating shaft. A chain is wound around the sprocket, extending vertically from the sprocket and penetrating the bottom plate of the box. The end of the chain is fixedly connected to a water sampling cylinder. A main sprocket is engaged at the corner of the chain, and the main sprocket is mounted on the box via a second rotating shaft. Motors are installed at the ends of both rotating shafts. Two limiting sprockets are engaged on the chain located on the downward section of the main sprocket. Engaging components are provided on the outer chain plates of each link of the chain. A switching component is provided on the chain between the limiting sprockets and the main sprocket. The switching component activates the adjacent engaging component to change the connection mode between adjacent chain plates, allowing the chain joints retracted towards the sprocket to move freely for easy winding. The chain joints lowered to the outside of the box are engaged and fixed to form a support rod, facilitating the accurate reaching of the water sampling cylinder to the target depth.

[0007] Preferably, the counterweight platform includes a base, with several support rods rotatably arranged on the outer periphery of the base. The ends of the support rods are screwed to a base support. A counterweight is fixed to the bottom of the base, and a guide hole is opened on the base. A turntable is rotatably installed in the guide hole. A main motor is arranged on the outer periphery of the turntable. The output end of the main motor is driven by a worm gear through a coupling. The worm gear meshes with the outer periphery of the worm wheel rim. A support rod is arranged on the top of the turntable. The circumferential direction of the support rod is changed by adjusting the circumferential motion of the turntable through the main motor.

[0008] Preferably, the support rod includes a first support rod, a second support rod, and a third support rod that are slidably connected in sequence. The bottom end of the first support rod is mounted on the top of the turntable via a hinged seat. A strut is mounted on the turntable in a hinged manner, and a bolt hole is provided at the top of the strut. A buckle plate is provided at the bottom of the first strut, and buckle holes are provided at intervals on the buckle plate. The bolt holes of the strut are connected to the different buckle holes of the buckle plate by bolts to adjust the lifting height of the support rod. In use, the second support rod slides out of the first support rod and is fixedly connected by bolts, and the third support rod slides out of the second support rod and is fixedly connected by bolts.

[0009] Preferably, the end of the third support rod has a longitudinal groove along its length and a shaft hole along its width. A balance shaft is rotatably mounted in the shaft hole via a bearing. A first worm gear is fixedly mounted on the balance shaft, and the first worm gear is located in the longitudinal groove. A first motor is fixed on one side of the longitudinal groove. The output end of the first motor is connected to a first worm via a coupling. The first worm meshes with the first worm gear. Both ends of the balance shaft extend outward and have through holes at their ends. A fixed bracket is provided on the top of the housing. The fixed bracket includes connecting plates symmetrically arranged on both sides. The bottom ends of the two connecting plates are fixedly connected to a support plate. The top ends of the two connecting plates are inclined towards the center and each end has a U-shaped opening. The U-shaped opening is fixedly connected to the through holes at both ends of the balance shaft by bolts. The support plate is rotatably connected to the top plate of the housing via a rotating assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a second worm gear, a worm gear shaft, and a second motor fixed to the top of the support plate. Through holes are respectively formed on the support plate and the top plate. The worm gear shaft is installed through the through holes in both the support plate and the top plate, and is rotatably connected to the support plate via a thrust ball bearing. A second worm gear is installed at the top of the worm gear shaft and is located on the support plate. The output end of the second motor is connected to a second worm via a coupling, and the second worm meshes with the second worm gear. The bottom end of the worm gear shaft extends to the bottom of the top plate and is fixedly connected to a flange. The radial direction of the flange is fixedly connected to the worm gear shaft via a screw, and the axial direction of the flange is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the top plate via a screw. The second motor controls the operation of the worm gear structure, driving the worm gear shaft and the housing to rotate together, thereby adjusting the circumferential angle of the housing.

[0011] Preferably, a buffer assembly is provided at the chain passage at the bottom of the box. The buffer assembly includes an inverted L-shaped plate, a return spring, and a lightweight guide cylinder. The inverted L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the bottom corner of the box. The horizontal plate of the inverted L-shaped plate and the bottom plate of the box are coaxially and have openings of the same size at the top and bottom, respectively. The guide cylinder is placed in the opening. A gap is maintained between the outer wall of the guide cylinder and the inner wall of the opening, and several return springs are placed within the gap. The two ends of the return springs are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide cylinder and the inner wall of the opening, respectively, to form a stable support for the guide cylinder. An angle sensor is fixedly installed at the top of the guide cylinder, and a through groove is opened in the axial direction of the guide cylinder, through which the chain slides.

[0012] Preferably, the chain includes several alternately connected inner chain plate units and outer chain plate units. The inner chain plate unit includes an upper inner chain plate and a lower inner chain plate arranged at intervals. The two inner chain plates are connected by two sets of sleeves with interference fit, and a roller is fitted around the outer periphery of the sleeve. The outer chain plate unit includes an upper outer chain plate and a lower outer chain plate arranged at intervals. The two outer chain plates are connected by two sets of pins with interference fit. The two pins are respectively inserted into the sleeves of two adjacent sets of inner chain plate units. The outer chain plates are located on the outside of the inner chain plates and are in sliding contact. Engaging components are fixed at both ends of the outer chain plates. A locking hole is opened on the upper inner chain plate corresponding to the engagement component. When the engagement component engages with the locking hole, the adjacent outer chain plate unit and inner chain plate unit are fixedly connected to form a support rod.

[0013] Preferably, the engaging assembly includes a locking rod, a guide plate, a rotating rod, and an inverted U-shaped frame fixed to the top of the outer chain plate. Two guide holes are coaxially formed on the horizontal plate and the upper outer chain plate of the inverted U-shaped frame, respectively. The guide holes on the outer chain plate are coaxial with and the same size as the locking holes. Guide grooves are formed on the inner walls of both sides of the inverted U-shaped frame. The locking rod slides through the guide holes on the horizontal plate and the upper outer chain plate of the inverted U-shaped frame. The guide plate is located inside the inverted U-shaped frame and fixedly sleeved on the locking rod. A certain distance is maintained between the guide plate and both ends of the locking rod. A second return spring is fixed between the inner top wall of the horizontal plate of the inverted U-shaped frame and the top of the guide plate. The second return spring is sleeved on the locking rod. On the rod; two sets of arc-shaped guide grooves are arrayed on the locking rod located above the crossbar of the inverted U-shaped frame. A traction ring is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the locking rod with the arc-shaped guide groove. Two guide posts are fixedly inserted on both sides of the traction ring, and the two guide posts extend into the corresponding arc-shaped guide grooves. A rotating rod is fixed on one side of the traction ring. A limiting plate is slidably sleeved on the top of the traction ring. The limiting plate has a semi-sleeve structure. The bottom end of the semi-sleeve is fixedly connected to the top of the crossbar of the inverted U-shaped frame by welding. The top of the semi-sleeve extends towards the center to form an inner edge. The inner edge is slidably limited at the top of the traction ring. The rotating rod is located on the opening side of the semi-sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, the switching components are in two sets and symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the housing. Each switching component includes a support and a lever. One end of the support is fixed to the side wall of the housing, and the other end of the support is integrally formed with a limiting sleeve. One end of the lever is provided with a hinge seat, and the hinge seat of the lever is connected to the limiting sleeve by a pin for rotation. The rotation direction of the lever is consistent with the direction of chain movement. A limiting baffle is integrally formed at the end of the support and on one side of the limiting sleeve. The limiting baffle is connected to the lever by a tension spring.

[0015] Preferably, each end of the arc-shaped guide groove is provided with an expansion groove, the expansion groove facing away from the guide plate, and a buffer groove is opened in the expansion groove in the direction away from the main body of the arc-shaped guide groove and radially. The top of the buffer groove is lower than the expansion groove, and the connection between the grooves adopts a smooth arc-shaped surface transition.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, the traction rope of the water sampling cylinder is designed as a deformable chain structure. It can automatically lock into a rigid rod-like support during lowering, ensuring the water sampling cylinder remains vertical and accurately reaches the predetermined depth in complex water conditions. During retrieval, it can automatically unlock and switch to a flexible state for free winding, avoiding the sampling depth deviation problems caused by bending and drifting of traditional traction ropes. Simultaneously, the rod-like structure has good flow resistance, effectively resisting water flow impact and lateral thrust, ensuring stable water sampling even in extreme environments such as water of varying densities or steep slopes and rapid currents. More importantly, the natural link openings of the chain form a unique flow channel in the water flow, significantly reducing water resistance and vibration interference. This not only improves the accuracy of sampling depth and the stability of device operation but also significantly extends the equipment's service life. Furthermore, the intelligent switching between flexibility and rigidity minimizes the space occupied by the chain during storage, greatly facilitating the transportation and storage of the device. Specifically, when the chain moves from the sprocket and changes direction to a vertical state via the main sprocket, the rotating rod on the outer chain plate unit touches the lever. The rotating rod rotates, causing the traction ring and guide post to rotate together. The locking rod is pushed down by the guide post and enters the locking hole, fixing the upper outer chain plate and the upper inner chain plate together to form a rod-shaped chain. The arc-shaped guide groove has expansion grooves at both ends. Under the action of the second return spring, the guide post abuts against the inner top wall in the expansion groove to maintain stability. When the chain is retracted, the rod-shaped chain passes through the switching assembly. The rotating rod touches another set of levers and rotates in the opposite direction, causing the traction ring and guide post to rotate in the opposite direction. The locking rod is pushed up by the guide post and disengages from the locking hole, releasing the fixed connection between the upper outer chain plate and the upper inner chain plate. The chain changes from a rod-shaped state to a free and flexible state. Since the two sets of switching assemblies are symmetrically arranged, when the guide post passes the next lever, the lever will be pushed open to automatically form a clearance space, ensuring that the chain passes smoothly and is wound onto the sprocket.

[0017] 2. The locking assembly in this invention achieves a unified system of locking stability, smooth switching, and automatic reset function through multi-stage linkage between the expansion slot, buffer slot, and guide post. Specifically, the expansion slots at both ends of the arc-shaped guide slot of the locking assembly, in conjunction with the pushing action of the second reset spring, allow the guide post to abut against the inner top wall within the expansion slot, forming a stable locking state. The connection between adjacent slots adopts a smooth arc-shaped transition design, ensuring that the guide post can smoothly transition from the expansion slot to the main slot when the traction ring rotates, achieving seamless switching. At the same time, the buffer slot opened radially within the expansion slot creatively solves the problem of excessive travel caused by the rotating rod being pushed by the lever. When the guide post enters the buffer slot, since the top of the buffer slot is lower than the bottom of the expansion slot, the reset and unfolding force of the second reset spring automatically drives the guide post back into the expansion slot, realizing the self-correction of over-operation and the self-reset function of the state.

[0018] 3. In this invention, the coordinated operation of the worm gear mechanism driven by the first motor and the worm gear mechanism driven by the second motor, combined with the real-time monitoring feedback from the buffer component and the tilt sensor, enables precise detection and dynamic adjustment of the box's tilt angle. This dual adjustment mechanism can control the overall posture adjustment of the box via the first motor, ensuring the rod-shaped chain remains precisely vertical, guaranteeing the accuracy of the sampling depth and the stability of the device. Simultaneously, the second motor can quickly adjust the opening orientation of the chain, allowing it to actively align with or avoid the water flow direction, effectively reducing the lateral thrust and vibration interference generated by the water flow on the chain. Furthermore, the real-time monitoring by the tilt sensor, combined with the self-locking characteristics of the worm gear mechanism, can continuously maintain the stable posture of the box under water flow impact. Even in complex water environments such as steep slopes, distant banks, and rapid currents, fine-tuning compensation can be achieved, preventing chain tilting due to water flow disturbance. More importantly, the buffer component effectively absorbs the impact and vibration during the adjustment process, making the posture adjustment process smoother and more precise.

[0019] 4. From the perspective of detachable and installable overall structure, this invention achieves a synergistic effect of portability, adaptability, and rapid deployment capability. The foldable design of the support rods allows for rapid storage and deployment of the support frame, significantly reducing the device's volume during transport and facilitating its transfer in rugged terrain. It also allows for rapid on-site deployment to form a stable three-dimensional support structure. Furthermore, the telescopic adjustment function of the first and second telescopic rods enables the device to flexibly adjust its operating range according to different bank slopes and water widths, achieving precise positioning and sampling whether on steep, distant banks or in shallow, near-shore areas. More importantly, the on-site water intake design of the counterweight cylinder cleverly utilizes the weight of the water itself as a dynamic counterweight. Operators can adjust the counterweight on-site by adding or draining water as needed, eliminating the need to carry a large number of fixed counterweight blocks. This not only reduces the overall weight of the device and the burden of transportation but also achieves stepless adjustment and rapid response of the counterweight. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall installation structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the balance shaft fitting of the device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the rotating component mounting structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the rotating component of the device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing of the device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the installation structure of the buffer assembly of the device of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the switching component and the engaging component of the device of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the switching component and the engaging component of the device of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the switching component of the device of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a partial installation of the chain in the device of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the chain splitting structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the engaging component of the device of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the arc-shaped guide groove structure of the device of the present invention; In the diagram: Base-11; Support rod-12; Counterweight-13; First support rod-14; Third support rod-15; Balance shaft-16; Connecting plate-17; Box body-18; Water collection cylinder-19; Base support-20; Chain-21; Support rod-22; Worm gear-23; First motor-24; First worm gear-25; First worm wheel-26; U-shaped opening-27; Longitudinal groove-28; Shaft hole-29; Support plate-30; Second motor-31; Second worm gear-32; Second worm wheel-33; Through hole-34; Top plate-35; First electromagnetic brake motor-36; Second electromagnetic brake motor-37; Worm wheel shaft-38; Flange-39; Sprocket disc-40; Main sprocket-41; Connecting block-42; Support-43; Limiting sprocket-44; Inverted L-shaped plate-45; Guide. Cylinder-46; Tilt sensor-47; Return spring-48; Through groove-49; Opening-50; Engaging assembly-51; Limiting baffle-52; Limiting sleeve-53; Lever-54; Tension spring-55; Lower inner chain plate-56; Sleeve-57; Roller-58; Lower outer chain plate-59; Pin-60; Upper outer chain plate-61; Upper inner chain plate-62; Locking hole-63; Inverted U-shaped frame-64; Locking rod-65; Guide plate-66; Arc-shaped guide groove-67; Second return spring-68; Traction ring-69; Guide column-70; Rotating rod-71; Limiting plate-72. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

[0022] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] Figures 1-14 As shown, a water sampling device suitable for steep slopes and rapid currents on distant banks includes a counterweight platform. A support rod is mounted on the counterweight platform, and a housing 18 is suspended from the end of the support rod. A sprocket disc 40 is mounted inside the housing 18 via a first rotating shaft. A chain 21 is wound around the sprocket disc 40, extending vertically from the sprocket disc 40 and penetrating the bottom plate of the housing 18. The end of the chain 21 is fixedly connected to a water sampling cylinder 19. A main sprocket 41 meshes at the corner of the chain 21, and the main sprocket 41 is mounted on the housing 18 via a second rotating shaft. Both rotating shafts have their ends... Install a motor; two limiting sprockets 44 are engaged on the chain 21 located on the downward section of the main sprocket 41; a locking component 51 is provided on each outer chain plate of the chain 21; a switching component is provided on the chain 21 between the limiting sprockets 44 and the main sprocket 41; the switching component touches the adjacent locking component 51 to change the connection method between the adjacent chain plates, so that the chain joints retracted to the direction of the sprocket disc 40 can move freely to facilitate winding, and the chain joints lowered to the outside of the housing 18 are locked and fixed to form a support rod, which facilitates the water sampling tube 19 to reach the water sampling point at the target depth; Each shaft has a motor mounted at its end. The motor is an electromagnetic brake motor, which integrates an electromagnetic braking device into the tail of a regular motor. It consists of a motor body, a brake disc, and an electromagnetic coil. Its core principle is to use the counterforce between springs and electromagnetic forces to switch between two states: when the brake coil is de-energized, the internal spring automatically presses the brake disc, and the motor shaft is mechanically locked. Even if it is pulled by external force, it will not move and can reliably maintain its position. When the brake coil is energized, the magnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil overcomes the spring pressure, the brake disc separates, and the motor shaft can be easily driven to rotate by external force, just like a free bearing. The first electromagnetic brake motor 36 is installed on the first shaft, and the second electromagnetic brake motor 37 is installed on the second shaft. When one motor is running, the other motor is adjusted to a free-running state; when the chain 21 does not need to be driven, both motors are adjusted to the braking state. It should be noted that the two limiting sprockets 44 are located on both sides of the chain 21, so that the chain 21 between the limiting sprockets and the main sprocket 41 remains in a straight line, which is conducive to the change of shape by the contact of the switching components. A counterweight is provided at the bottom of the water sampling tube 19; a water sampling component is provided inside the water sampling tube 19. The water sampling component is existing technology. For reference, see the structure of the sampling tube in the patent document (publication number: CN120445750B) of an environmental monitoring water sampling device. It can take water samples from different depths of water multiple times, and the water samples do not affect each other. The sprocket disc 40 includes two baffles fixed on the first rotating shaft, and a sprocket is disposed between the two baffles. The sprocket is fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft and is used to wind up the chain. The baffles on both sides limit the winding of the chain.

[0024] In this invention, the traction rope of the water sampling cylinder 19 is designed as a deformable chain 21 structure. This structure can automatically lock into a rigid rod-like support during lowering, ensuring the water sampling cylinder 19 remains vertical and accurately reaches the predetermined depth in complex water conditions. During retrieval, it can automatically unlock and switch to a flexible state for free winding, avoiding the sampling depth deviation problems caused by bending and drifting of traditional traction ropes. Simultaneously, the rod-like structure has good flow resistance, effectively resisting water flow impact and lateral thrust, enabling stable water sampling even in extreme environments such as water of varying densities or steep slopes and rapid currents. More importantly, the natural link openings of the chain 21 form a unique flow channel in the water flow, significantly reducing water resistance and vibration interference. This not only improves the accuracy of sampling depth and the stability of device operation but also significantly extends the equipment's service life. Furthermore, the intelligent switching between flexibility and rigidity minimizes the space occupied by the chain 21 during storage, greatly facilitating the transportation and storage of the device.

[0025] Furthermore, the counterweight platform includes a base 11, with several support rods 12 rotatably arranged on the outer periphery of the base 11. The ends of the support rods 12 are connected to a base support 20 by screws. A counterweight 13 is fixed to the bottom of the base 11. A guide hole is opened on the base 11, and a turntable is rotatably installed in the guide hole. A main motor is arranged on the outer periphery of the turntable. The output end of the main motor is driven by a worm gear 23 through a coupling. The worm gear 23 meshes with the outer periphery of the worm wheel rim. A support rod is arranged on the top of the turntable. The circumferential direction of the support rod is changed by adjusting the circumferential motion of the turntable through the main motor. The counterweight 13 can be a counterweight block or a counterweight water tank. When in use, the water tank is filled with water, which is convenient for transportation and can be made from local materials, making it easy to operate. A counterweight water tank is preferred. Four support rods 12 are rotatably installed at the four corners of the base 11. When in use, place the base 11 at the target location, unfold the four support rods 12, connect the base 20 to the corresponding support rods 12 by screwing, and adjust the level of the base 11.

[0026] Furthermore, the support rod includes a first support rod 14, a second support rod, and a third support rod 15 that are slidably connected in sequence. The bottom end of the first support rod 14 is mounted on the top of the turntable via a hinged seat. A support rod 22 is hingedly mounted on the turntable, and a bolt hole is provided at the top of the support rod 22. A buckle plate is provided at the bottom of the first support rod 14, and a buckle hole is provided at intervals on the buckle plate. The bolt holes of the support rod are connected to the different buckle holes of the buckle plate by bolts to adjust the lifting height of the support rod. In use, the second support rod slides out of the first support rod 14 and is fixedly connected by bolts, and the third support rod 15 slides out of the second support rod and is fixedly connected by bolts.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the overall disassembly structure of the device. The telescopic and detachable connection method of the device facilitates quick entry into the operating area after disassembly, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0028] Furthermore, the third support rod 15 has a longitudinal groove 28 along its length and a shaft hole 29 along its width. A balance shaft 16 is rotatably mounted in the shaft hole 29 via a bearing. A first worm gear 26 is fixedly mounted on the balance shaft 16, which is located in the longitudinal groove 28. A first motor 24 is fixedly mounted on one side of the longitudinal groove 28. The output end of the first motor 24 is connected to a first worm 25 via a coupling. The first worm 25 meshes with the first worm gear 26. Both ends of the balance shaft 16 extend outward and have through holes at their ends. A fixed bracket is provided above the housing 18. The fixed bracket includes connecting plates 17 symmetrically arranged on both sides. The bottom ends of the two connecting plates 17 are fixedly connected to a support plate 30. The top ends of the two connecting plates 17 are inclined towards the center and each end has a U-shaped opening 27. The U-shaped opening 27 is fixedly connected to the through holes at both ends of the balance shaft 16 via bolts. The support plate 30 is rotatably connected to the top plate 35 of the housing 18 via a rotating assembly. The operation of the worm gear structure is controlled by the first motor 24, thereby adjusting the rotation of the balance shaft 16, realizing the angle adjustment of the connecting plate 17 and the support plate 30, and ultimately playing the role of adjusting the balance of the housing 18.

[0029] Furthermore, the rotating assembly includes a second worm gear 33, a worm gear shaft 38, and a second motor 31 fixed to the top of the support plate 30. Through holes 34 are respectively formed on the support plate 30 and the top plate 35. The worm gear shaft 38 is installed through the through holes in the support plate 30 and the top plate 35. The worm gear shaft 38 is rotatably connected to the support plate 30 via a thrust ball bearing. The second worm gear 33 is mounted on the top of the worm gear shaft 38 and is located on the support plate 30. The output end of the second motor 31 is connected to... The second worm gear 32 is connected via a coupling, and the second worm gear 32 meshes with the second worm wheel 33. The bottom end of the worm wheel shaft 38 extends to the bottom of the top plate 35 and is fixedly connected to the flange 39. The radial direction of the flange 39 is fixedly connected to the worm wheel shaft 38 via a screw, and the axial direction of the flange 39 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the top plate 35 via a screw. The operation of the worm wheel structure is controlled by the second motor 31, which drives the worm wheel shaft 38 and the housing 18 to rotate together, thereby adjusting the circumferential angle of the housing. It should be noted that by operating the second motor 31 to control the rotation of the rotating component, the chain 21 is rotated, so that the chain opening of the chain 21 faces the direction of water flow, thereby reducing the resistance or vibration of the water flow on the chain 21.

[0030] Furthermore, a buffer assembly is provided at the passage of the chain 21 at the bottom of the housing 18. The buffer assembly includes an inverted L-shaped plate 45, a return spring 48, and a lightweight guide cylinder 46. The inverted L-shaped plate 45 is fixedly connected to the bottom corner of the housing 18. The horizontal plate of the inverted L-shaped plate 45 and the bottom plate of the housing 18 are coaxially and have openings 50 corresponding to each other at the top and bottom. The guide cylinder 46 is installed in the opening 50. A gap is maintained between the outer wall of the guide cylinder 46 and the inner wall of the opening 50, and several return springs 48 are installed within the gap. The two ends of the return springs 48 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide cylinder 46 and the inner wall of the opening 50, respectively, to provide stable support for the guide cylinder 46. An angle sensor 47 is fixedly installed at the top of the guide cylinder 46, and a through groove 49 is opened in the axial direction of the guide cylinder 46, through which the chain 21 slides. The tilt sensor 47 is used to monitor the balance of the box. When the traveling chain 21 tilts, it causes the guide cylinder 46 and the tilt sensor 47 to tilt. The tilt sensor 47 is connected to the control system on the ground via electrical connection or Internet of Things. The tilt sensor 47 has its own power supply battery. The tilt sensor is commercially available and belongs to the prior art, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0031] Furthermore, the chain 21 includes several alternately connected inner chain plate units and outer chain plate units. The inner chain plate unit includes an upper inner chain plate 62 and a lower inner chain plate 56 spaced apart vertically. The two inner chain plates are connected by two sets of sleeves 57 with an interference fit. A roller 58 is fitted around the outer periphery of the sleeves 57. The outer chain plate unit includes an upper outer chain plate 61 and a lower outer chain plate 59 spaced apart vertically. The two outer chain plates are connected by two sets of pins 60 with an interference fit. The two pins 60 are respectively inserted into the sleeves 57 of two adjacent sets of inner chain plate units. The outer chain plates are located on the outside of the inner chain plates and are in sliding contact. Engaging components 51 are fixed at both ends of the outer chain plate 61. A locking hole 63 is opened on the upper inner chain plate 62 corresponding to the engaging component 51. When the engaging component 51 engages with the locking hole 63, the adjacent outer chain plate unit and inner chain plate unit are fixedly connected to form a support rod. The outer chain plates are located outside the inner chain plates and are in sliding contact. Specifically, the upper outer chain plate 61 is in sliding contact with the top of the upper inner chain plate 62, and the lower outer chain plate 59 is in sliding contact with the bottom of the lower inner chain plate 56. When the engaging assembly 51 and the locking hole 63 are in a non-engaged state, the outer chain plates and the inner chain plates are rotatably connected.

[0032] Furthermore, the engaging assembly 51 includes a locking rod 65, a guide plate 66, a rotating rod 71, and an inverted U-shaped frame 64 fixed to the top of the outer link plate 61. Two guide holes are coaxially formed on the horizontal plate of the inverted U-shaped frame 64 and the upper outer link plate 61, respectively. The guide holes of the outer link plate 61 are coaxially aligned with the locking holes 63. Guide grooves are formed on the inner walls of both sides of the inverted U-shaped frame 64. The locking rod 65 slides through the guide holes of the horizontal plate of the inverted U-shaped frame 64 and the upper outer link plate 61. The guide plate 66 is located inside the inverted U-shaped frame 64 and fixedly sleeved on the locking rod 65. A certain distance is maintained between the guide plate 66 and both ends of the locking rod 65. A second return spring 68 is fixed between the inner top wall of the horizontal plate of the inverted U-shaped frame 64 and the top of the guide plate 66. The locking rod 65 is fitted with two sets of arc-shaped guide grooves 67 arranged on the locking rod 65 located above the crossbar of the inverted U-shaped frame 64. A traction ring 69 is slidably fitted on the outer periphery of the locking rod 65 with the arc-shaped guide grooves 67. Two guide posts 70 are fixedly inserted on both sides of the traction ring 69 and extend into the corresponding arc-shaped guide grooves 67. A rotating rod 71 is fixed on one side of the traction ring 69. A limiting plate 72 is slidably fitted on the top of the traction ring 69. The limiting plate 72 has a half-sleeve structure. The bottom end of the half-sleeve is fixedly connected to the top of the crossbar of the inverted U-shaped frame 64 by welding. The top of the half-sleeve extends towards the center to form an inner edge. The inner edge is slidably limited to the top of the traction ring 69. The rotating rod 71 is located on the opening side of the half-sleeve. The guide post 70 and the traction ring 69 can be connected by a thread.

[0033] Furthermore, the switching components are in two sets and symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the housing 18. The switching components include a support 43 and a lever 54. One end of the support 43 is fixed to the side wall of the housing 18, and the other end of the support 43 is integrally formed with a limiting sleeve 53. One end of the lever 54 is provided with a hinge seat. The hinge seat of the lever 54 is connected to the limiting sleeve 53 by a pin and rotates. The rotation direction of the lever 54 is consistent with the running direction of the chain 21. A limiting baffle 52 is integrally formed at the end of the support 43 and on one side of the limiting sleeve 53. The limiting baffle 52 is connected to the lever 54 by a tension spring 55. Due to distance, one end of the support 43 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the box 18 via the connecting block 42; Under normal circumstances, the lever 54, which is not subject to external force, will intersect with the rotating lever 71, resulting in an avoidance or movement action; During the operation of the chain 21, the rotating rod 71 of the engaging component 51 will abut against the lever 54. When the lever 54 is limited by the limiting baffle 52, the rotating rod 71 is pushed to rotate, realizing the switching of the engaging component 51. When the lever 54 is in the free rotation position, the rotating rod 71 will remain in its original state and push away the free lever 54.

[0034] Furthermore, each end of the arc-shaped guide groove 67 is provided with an expansion groove, the expansion groove facing away from the guide plate 66, and a buffer groove is opened in the expansion groove in the direction away from the main body of the arc-shaped guide groove 67 and radially. The top of the buffer groove is lower than the expansion groove, and the connection between the grooves adopts a smooth arc-shaped surface transition.

[0035] See Figure 14 Since the arc-shaped guide groove 67 has expansion grooves at both ends, with the expansion grooves facing away from the guide plate 66, the second return spring 68 pushes the locking rod 65 towards the upper outer chain plate 61 under the action of the return spring 68, so that the guide post 70 abuts against the inner top wall in the expansion grooves at both ends to form a stable state; since the connection between adjacent grooves adopts a smooth arc-shaped surface transition, when the traction ring 69 is rotated, the guide post 70 will smoothly transition from the expansion groove to the main groove; a buffer groove is opened in the expansion groove in the direction away from the main body of the arc-shaped guide groove 67 and radially. When the rotating rod 71 is abutted and rotated by the lever 54, an excessive stroke will be generated. The buffer groove is used to bear the excessive stroke; since the top of the buffer groove is lower than the expansion groove, after the guide post 70 enters the buffer groove, under the action of the second return spring 68, the guide post 70 will re-enter the expansion groove, preparing for the next switching contact.

[0036] In this invention: During installation, first place the base 11 in the target position, unfold the four support rods 12, connect the base 20 to the corresponding support rod 12 with screws, and adjust the level of the base 11. Fill the water tank (which serves as the counterweight 13) with sufficient water. If necessary, add weights to the support rods 12 to meet the counterweight requirements. Then extend the support rods to the predetermined length and fix adjacent support rods together with bolts. Next, place the sprocket disc 40, pre-installed with the chain 21, into the housing 18. Lead the chain 21 out, passing through the main sprocket 41 and the limiting sprocket 44, and then through the guide cylinder 46 from the housing 18. The bottom of the water sampler 19 is led out and fixedly connected to the outside. A counterweight is set at the bottom of the water sampler 19, and the electromagnetic brake motor is controlled to lock the chain 21. Then, the support rod and the box 18 are lifted together to the predetermined height, and the support rod 22 is lifted into the buckle plate at the bottom of the first support rod 14. The bolt holes of the support rod 22 are connected and fixed with the corresponding buckle holes of the buckle plate by bolts to complete the height positioning of the support rod. Finally, the main motor is controlled to drive the turntable to rotate through the worm gear 23 and the worm wheel mechanism, which drives the support rod and the box 18 to rotate together, so that the water sampler 19 is accurately moved to the predetermined sampling position. During device adjustment, based on the tilt sensor 47, the first motor 24 is operated to control the worm gear mechanism containing the first worm 25 to rotate, driving the balance shaft 16, connecting plate 17, support plate 30, and housing 18 to rotate together, so that the housing 18 is in a horizontal state; then the electromagnetic brake motor is started, the first electromagnetic brake motor 36 is controlled to be in an idle state, and the second electromagnetic brake motor 37 is started to drive the main sprocket 41 to rotate. The main sprocket 41 slowly moves the chain 21 out of the housing 18. When the water sampling tube 19 and part of the chain 21 fall into the water, the movement of the chain 21 stops, and the direction of the water flow pushing the chain is observed; the rotation of the rotating component is controlled by operating the second motor 31. The chain 21 is rotated so that its opening faces the water flow direction, reducing resistance or vibration. After adjustment, the electromagnetic brake motor is started to send the chain 21 and the water sampling cylinder 19 into the water to the target depth and keep them in a stopped state. During this time, the tilt sensor 47 is continuously observed. If an angle deviation is found, the first motor 24 is operated to adjust the worm gear mechanism where the first worm 25 is located, which in turn drives the housing 18 to rotate, keeping the rod-shaped chain 21 vertical. This ensures the accuracy of the target sampling depth and reduces the vibration and thrust of the water flow on the chain 21, ensuring stable operation of the device. When chain 21 moves out of sprocket 40 and changes direction after passing main sprocket 41 to a vertical position (see...) Figure 8The initial state of the rotating rod 71 of the engaging assembly 51 on the outer chain plate unit is that it faces the lever 54 of the switching assembly. The bottom of the adjacent lever 54 is limited by the limiting baffle 52 and cannot rotate. When the rotating rod 71 touches the adjacent lever 54, the lever 54 will be pushed in the opposite direction by the fixed lever 54, causing the rotating rod 71 to rotate. This will drive the traction ring 69 and the guide post 70 to rotate together. Since the axial movement of the traction ring 69 is restricted by the sliding of the limiting plate 72, the locking rod 65 will be guided and pushed downward by the guide post 70, so that the bottom end of the locking rod 65 enters the locking mechanism. The upper outer chain plate 61 and the upper inner chain plate 62 are fixedly connected in the positioning hole 63. By touching the switching component, the locking rod 65 on the locking component 51 is triggered to enter the positioning hole 63 to fix the upper outer chain plate 61 and the upper inner chain plate 62, thereby forming a fixedly connected rod-shaped chain for the downward chain 21, preventing it from bending in the water and making it difficult to accurately reach the specified depth. Since the two sets of switching components are symmetrically arranged, when the guide post 70 contacts the next lever 54, the lever 54 will be pushed away to avoid the guide post 70. The water sampling component of the water sampling tube 19 in this invention is existing technology. It can adopt an environmental monitoring water sampling device disclosed in the patent document (publication number: CN120445750B). It adopts the sampling tube structure in the patent document and can take water samples multiple times for water bodies at different depths, and the water samples do not affect each other. After water collection is completed, when retrieving chain 21 and water collection cylinder 19, the electromagnetic brake motor is activated, the second electromagnetic brake motor 37 is kept idle, and the first electromagnetic brake motor 36 is activated to drive the sprocket disc 40 to rotate, slowly winding chain 21 onto the sprocket disc 40. During this process, when the rod-shaped chain 21 passes the switching component, the rotating rod 71 of the engaging component 51 on the upper outer chain plate 61 touches the switching component, triggering the locking rod 65 on the engaging component 51 to disengage from the locking hole 63, thereby releasing the fixed connection between the upper outer chain plate 61 and the upper inner chain plate 62, restoring the free rotation function of the outer chain plate unit and the inner chain plate unit, so that chain 21 can be smoothly wound onto the sprocket disc 40 after the main sprocket 41 changes direction, lifting the water collection cylinder 19 out of the water. After the water collection cylinder 19 is adjusted to land, the installation steps of the device are reversed to disassemble the device for subsequent use.

[0037] The present invention has been illustrated through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that all related improvements to the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water sampling device suitable for steep slopes and rapid currents on distant banks, comprising a counterweight platform, characterized in that, A support rod is provided on the counterweight platform, and a box (18) is suspended at the end of the support rod. A sprocket disc (40) is installed inside the box (18) through a first rotating shaft. A chain (21) is arranged around the sprocket disc (40). The chain (21) extends vertically from the sprocket disc (40) and passes through the bottom plate of the box (18). The end of the chain (21) is fixedly connected to the water collection cylinder (19). A main sprocket (41) is engaged at the corner of the chain (21). The main sprocket (41) is installed on the box (18) through a second rotating shaft. A motor is installed at the end of both rotating shafts. 1) Two limiting sprockets (44) are meshed on the chain (21) of the downlink section. Engaging components (51) are provided on the outer chain plates of each link of the chain (21). A switching component is provided on the chain (21) between the limiting sprocket (44) and the main sprocket (41). The switching component touches the adjacent engaging component (51) to change the connection method between the adjacent chain plates, so that the chain joints that are retracted to the sprocket disc (40) can move freely to facilitate winding. The chain joints that are lowered to the outside of the box (18) are engaged and fixed to form a support rod, which is conducive to the water sampling tube (19) accurately reaching the water sampling point at the target depth. The counterweight platform includes a base (11), with several support rods (12) rotatably arranged on the outer periphery of the base (11). The ends of the support rods (12) are connected to a base support (20) by screws. A counterweight (13) is fixed at the bottom of the base (11). A guide hole is opened on the base (11), and a turntable is rotatably installed in the guide hole. A main motor is arranged on the outer periphery of the turntable. The output end of the main motor is driven by a worm gear (23) through a coupling. The worm gear (23) meshes with the outer periphery of the worm wheel rim. A support rod is arranged on the top of the turntable. The circumferential motion of the turntable is adjusted by the main motor, thereby changing the circumferential direction of the support rod. The support rod includes a first support rod (14), a second support rod, and a third support rod (15) that are slidably connected in sequence. The bottom end of the first support rod (14) is mounted on the top of the turntable via a hinge seat. A support rod (22) is mounted on the turntable in a hinged manner, and a bolt hole is provided at the top of the support rod (22). A buckle plate is provided at the bottom of the first support rod (14), and buckle holes are provided at intervals on the buckle plate. The bolt holes of the support rod are connected to the different buckle holes of the buckle plate by bolts to adjust the lifting height of the support rod. In use, the second support rod slides out of the first support rod (14) and is fixedly connected by bolts, and the third support rod (15) slides out of the second support rod and is fixedly connected by bolts. The third support rod (15) has a longitudinal groove (28) along its length and a shaft hole (29) along its width. A balance shaft (16) is rotatably mounted in the shaft hole (29) via a bearing. A first worm gear (26) is fixedly mounted on the balance shaft (16) and is located in the longitudinal groove (28). A first motor (24) is fixedly mounted on one side of the longitudinal groove (28). The output end of the first motor (24) is connected to a first worm (25) via a coupling. The first worm (25) meshes with the first worm gear (26). The balance shaft (16) Both ends extend outward and have through holes at the ends; a fixed bracket is provided on the top of the box (18), the fixed bracket includes connecting plates (17) symmetrically arranged on both sides, the bottom ends of the two connecting plates (17) are fixedly connected to the support plate (30), the top ends of the two connecting plates (17) are inclined towards the center and each end is provided with a U-shaped opening (27), the U-shaped opening (27) is fixedly connected to the through holes at both ends of the balance shaft (16) by bolts; the support plate (30) and the top plate (35) of the box (18) are rotatably connected by a rotating assembly; A buffer assembly is provided at the passage of the chain (21) at the bottom of the box (18). The buffer assembly includes an inverted L-shaped plate (45), a return spring (48), and a lightweight guide cylinder (46). The inverted L-shaped plate (45) is fixedly connected to the bottom corner of the box (18). The horizontal plate of the inverted L-shaped plate (45) and the bottom plate of the box (18) are coaxially and have openings (50) of the same size at the top and bottom respectively. The guide cylinder (46) is provided in the opening (50); the guide cylinder (46) is provided in the opening (50). 6) The outer wall of the guide cylinder (46) and the inner wall of the opening (50) are kept at a distance and several return springs (48) are provided in the distance. The two ends of the return springs (48) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide cylinder (46) and the inner wall of the opening (50) respectively, forming a stable support for the guide cylinder (46). An inclination sensor (47) is fixedly installed on the top of the guide cylinder (46), and a through groove (49) is opened in the axial direction of the guide cylinder (46). The chain (21) slides through the through groove (49).

2. The water sampling device suitable for steep slopes and rapid currents on distant banks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating assembly includes a second worm gear (33), a worm gear shaft (38), and a second motor (31) fixed to the top of the support plate (30). Through holes (34) are respectively opened on the support plate (30) and the top plate (35). The worm gear shaft (38) is installed through the through holes of the support plate (30) and the top plate (35). The worm gear shaft (38) is rotatably connected to the support plate (30) via a thrust ball bearing. The second worm gear (33) is installed at the top of the worm gear shaft (38). The second worm gear (33) is located on the support plate (30). The output end of the second motor (31)... The second worm (32) is connected by a coupling, and the second worm (32) meshes with the second worm wheel (33). The bottom end of the worm wheel shaft (38) extends to the bottom of the top plate (35) and is fixedly connected to the flange (39). The radial direction of the flange (39) is fixedly connected to the worm wheel shaft (38) by a screw, and the axial direction of the flange (39) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the top plate (35) by a screw. The operation of the worm wheel structure is controlled by the second motor (31), which drives the worm wheel shaft (38) and the housing (18) to rotate together, thereby adjusting the circumferential angle of the housing.

3. The water sampling device suitable for steep slopes and rapid currents on distant banks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chain (21) includes several alternating inner chain plate units and outer chain plate units. The inner chain plate unit includes an upper inner chain plate (62) and a lower inner chain plate (56) spaced apart vertically. The two inner chain plates are connected by two sets of sleeves (57) with an interference fit. A roller (58) is fitted around the outer circumference of the sleeve (57). The outer chain plate unit includes an upper outer chain plate (61) and a lower outer chain plate (59) spaced apart vertically. The two outer chain plates are connected by two sets of pins (60) with an interference fit. The two pins (60) are respectively inserted into the sleeves (57) of two adjacent inner chain plate units, and the outer chain plates are located on the outside of the inner chain plates and slide in contact. The two ends of the outer chain plate (61) are respectively fixed with locking components (51), and the upper inner chain plate (62) is opened with locking holes (63) corresponding to the locking components (51). When the locking components (51) are engaged with the locking holes (63), the adjacent outer chain plate units and inner chain plate units are fixedly connected to form a support rod.

4. The water sampling device suitable for steep slopes and rapid currents on distant banks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The locking assembly (51) includes a locking rod (65), a guide plate (66), a rotating rod (71), and an inverted U-shaped frame (64) fixed to the top of the outer chain plate (61). Two guide holes are coaxially opened on the horizontal plate and the upper outer chain plate (61) of the inverted U-shaped frame (64). The guide holes of the outer chain plate (61) are coaxially and the same size as the locking holes (63). Guide grooves are opened on the inner walls of both sides of the inverted U-shaped frame (64). The locking rod (65) slides through the guide holes of the horizontal plate and the upper outer chain plate (61) of the inverted U-shaped frame (64). The guide plate (66) is located inside the inverted U-shaped frame (64) and fixedly sleeved on the locking rod (65). The guide plate (66) and the two ends of the locking rod (65) maintain a certain distance. A second return spring (68) is fixed between the inner top wall of the horizontal plate of the inverted U-shaped frame (64) and the top of the guide plate (66). 8) Sleeve on the locking rod (65); Two sets of arc-shaped guide grooves (67) are arrayed on the locking rod (65) located above the crossbar of the inverted U-shaped frame (64). A traction ring (69) is slidably sleeved on the outer periphery of the locking rod (65) with the arc-shaped guide groove (67). Two guide posts (70) are fixedly inserted on both sides of the traction ring (69). The two guide posts (70) extend into the corresponding arc-shaped guide groove (67). A rotating rod (71) is fixed on one side of the traction ring (69). A limiting plate (72) is slidably sleeved on the top of the traction ring (69). The limiting plate (72) has a half-sleeve structure. The bottom end of the half-sleeve is fixedly connected to the top of the crossbar of the inverted U-shaped frame (64) by welding. The top of the half-sleeve extends towards the center to form an inner edge. The inner edge is slidably limited to the top of the traction ring (69). The rotating rod (71) is located on the opening side of the half-sleeve.

5. The water sampling device suitable for steep slopes and rapid currents on distant banks according to claim 4, characterized in that, The switching components are in two sets and are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the housing (18). The switching components include a support (43) and a lever (54). One end of the support (43) is fixed to the side wall of the housing (18), and the other end of the support (43) is integrally formed with a limiting sleeve (53). One end of the lever (54) is provided with a hinge seat. One end of the hinge seat of the lever (54) is connected to the limiting sleeve (53) by a pin and rotates. The rotation direction of the lever (54) is consistent with the running direction of the chain (21). A limiting baffle (52) is integrally formed at the end of the support (43) and on one side of the limiting sleeve (53). The limiting baffle (52) and the lever (54) are connected by a tension spring (55).

6. The water sampling device suitable for steep slopes and rapid currents on distant banks according to claim 4, characterized in that, The arc-shaped guide groove (67) has expansion grooves at both ends. The expansion grooves face away from the guide plate (66). In the expansion grooves, buffer grooves are opened radially away from the main body of the arc-shaped guide groove (67). The top of the buffer groove is lower than the expansion groove. The connection between the grooves is made of a smooth arc surface transition.

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