A wind-resistant fall arrestor for ultra-high voltage transmission cables.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of ultra-high voltage (UHV) transmission line safety protection technology, and in particular to a wind-load-resistant UHV transmission cable installation anti-fall device. The device includes a mounting base, which is fixedly installed on the top of the transmission line tower. A supporting steel pipe is welded to the top of the mounting base. Four cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms are evenly distributed around the circumference of the supporting steel pipe. A positioning drum is installed at the outer end of each cable adaptive adjustment mechanism. Each positioning drum is vertically arranged, and its upper and lower ends are respectively inserted into the corresponding cable adaptive adjustment mechanism. This invention, through the four cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms and the dynamic adjustment of the positioning drum intervals, can achieve differentiated expansion and contraction adaptation to wind loads in different directions such as lateral and oblique. Simultaneously, the preset interval distance between the conical push ring and the wedge-shaped locking block provides an initial buffer stroke, and the elastic deformation of the pre-compressed multi-purpose spring achieves graded energy absorption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety protection technology for ultra-high voltage transmission lines, and in particular to a wind-resistant anti-fall device for ultra-high voltage transmission cables. Background Technology

[0002] The overhead cables of ultra-high voltage transmission lines need to cross complex terrains such as mountains, canyons, and coastlines, and are generally characterized by large spans (single spans often exceed 500 meters), heavy cable weight, and high operating tension.

[0003] Under severe wind conditions such as coastal typhoons and strong inland gusts, cables are susceptible to asymmetric vortex-induced oscillation and galloping due to airflow. This means that the cables will not only shift laterally in the direction perpendicular to their orientation, but will also be accompanied by local twisting. At the same time, the cable tension will change significantly with the oscillation.

[0004] Traditional UHV cable fall protection devices mostly employ rigid clamping and manually adjustable structures. For example, patent document CN202021554947.4 discloses a power transmission line fall protection device, whose main structure includes a pair of identical U-shaped support blocks. The pair of U-shaped support blocks are connected together by a limiting adjustment structure, and each pair of U-shaped support blocks is equipped with a limiting structure. The limiting structure includes: two pairs of identical J-shaped rods, three pairs of identical bearing blocks, three identical sliding wheels, and three pairs of identical compression spring columns.

[0005] It can be seen that the above structure has the following disadvantages when used in ultra-high voltage transmission cables with large spans: First, due to their large spans and heavy cable weight, ultra-high voltage transmission lines are prone to asymmetric vortex-induced swaying and local torsion under wind loads. The spacing adjustment of the aforementioned structure relies on manual tightening of nuts to extend and retract the scissor brackets, which is a static adjustment and cannot respond to changes in wind load in real time. When the cable shifts laterally or twists, the fixed-spacing J-shaped rods are prone to hard friction with the cable insulation layer, which not only scratches the insulation layer and causes safety hazards, but also causes the anti-fall device to jam due to frictional resistance, making it unable to move synchronously with the cable and losing its anti-fall protection function.

[0006] Secondly, the length of ultra-high voltage cables will deform during long-term operation under wind load. The compression spring column of the above structure is installed in the expansion groove of the U-shaped support block. Due to the limited space of the groove, the elastic stroke of the spring is only 20 or 30 mm. When the deformation changes significantly, it cannot adapt to the changes.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to design a wind-resistant anti-fall device for UHV transmission cables that can adapt to dynamic deformation of cables and has buffering capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To solve one of the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention employs the following technical solution: a wind-resistant ultra-high voltage transmission cable anti-fall device, comprising a mounting base, which is fixedly installed on the top of the transmission line tower. A supporting vertical steel pipe is welded to the top of the mounting base. Four cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms are evenly distributed around the circumference of the supporting vertical steel pipe. A positioning drum is installed at the outer end of each of the cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms. Each positioning drum is vertically arranged, and its upper and lower ends are respectively inserted into and fitted onto the corresponding cable adaptive adjustment mechanism. The four positioning drums cooperate to achieve winding and guiding of the transmission cable. The transmission cable enters through the first positioning drum and completes winding, then sequentially passes through the remaining three positioning drums and is wound several times on each positioning drum. After the transmission cable extends out through the fourth positioning drum, it remains coaxial with the transmission cable before entering the positioning drum and extends horizontally downstream.

[0009] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: a left guide is provided between two adjacent positioning drums on the left side, and a right guide is provided between two adjacent positioning drums on the right side. The left guide is used to reverse and guide the upstream power transmission cable before it enters the positioning drum, and the right guide is used to reverse and guide the downstream power transmission cable after it leaves the positioning drum. The power transmission cables after being reversed by the left guide and the right guide remain coaxial and collinear.

[0010] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made: when under wind load conditions, the four cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms cooperate to extend and retract to adjust the interval distance between the four positioning drums.

[0011] Based on any of the above technical solutions, the following further optimization is made: the cable adaptive adjustment mechanism includes two anti-retraction connectors that are spaced apart from top to bottom and fixedly installed on the side wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe, and a self-adjusting diameter unit is coaxially installed inside each of the anti-retraction connectors. The self-adjusting diameter unit can move outward along the axial direction of the anti-retraction connector and lock in the opposite direction. The inner end of the self-adjusting diameter unit passes through the through hole and extends into the internal operating cavity of the supporting vertical steel pipe. Each self-adjusting diameter unit maintains its position under the tension of the power transmission cable. When the power transmission cable operates at high temperature for a long time and undergoes slow deformation, lengthening and loosening, the constraint force of each self-adjusting diameter unit decreases and it adaptively extends outward and re-tensions the power transmission cable.

[0012] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: the anti-reverse connector includes a flange tube horizontally fixed on the side wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe, the flange tube being coaxially arranged with the through hole, and a plurality of wedge-shaped locking devices being uniformly spaced along the horizontal direction on the inner side wall of the flange tube, each of the wedge-shaped locking devices including a plurality of wedge-shaped locking blocks evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner cavity of the flange tube, each of the wedge-shaped locking blocks being fixed on the flange tube, and each of the wedge-shaped locking blocks being used in conjunction with the current self-diameter-changing unit.

[0013] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: the self-diameter-changing unit includes a push shaft that is fitted and inserted into the inner cavity of the flange pipe. A circular seat is fixed to the outer end of the push shaft. The circular seat is detachably fixed to the end of the central shaft of the positioning drum at its corresponding position. Several conical pushing rings are uniformly fixed along the axial direction on the outer end sidewall of the push shaft. The conical surface of each conical pushing ring is used to push against the inclined surface of each wedge-shaped locking block and push it outwards to complete the outward displacement of the push shaft. When the rear end face of the conical push ring abuts against the planar portion of each of the wedge-shaped locking blocks on its rear side, reverse locking is achieved. The inner end of the push shaft passes through the through hole and extends into the internal operating cavity. A stop plate is fixed to the inner end of the push shaft. A pre-compression multi-purpose spring is installed on the outer wall of the push shaft between the stop plate and the inner wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe. The two ends of the pre-compression multi-purpose spring are respectively fixed to the stop plate and the inner wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe. The initial installation state of the pre-compression multi-purpose spring is in a compressed state.

[0014] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: the outer end of the flange pipe forms a thin wall with a wall thickness less than that of its inner end, and the outer end is folded inward into its inner cavity to form an elastic folded portion. The outer side wall of each wedge-shaped locking block is fixed to the side wall of the elastic folded portion. The inner end of the elastic folded portion is freely disposed, and several partition openings are evenly provided along its circumference on the side wall of the elastic folded portion. The inner end of the elastic folded portion between two partition openings is freely disposed, and the outer end is fixedly disposed to form a cantilevered elastic deformation plate structure. When the conical pushing ring pushes each wedge-shaped locking block outward, the free end of each elastic deformation plate structure can deform radially to expand the diameter of the constraint space, ensuring that the conical pushing ring and the pushing shaft can be smoothly moved outward and can quickly reset themselves after the pushing shaft is moved.

[0015] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: a distance sensor with an independent power supply is coaxially installed on the inner end face of each of the gear shift plates, and the two distance sensors arranged opposite to each other are used in conjunction.

[0016] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made: there is a gap between the conical push ring and the adjacent wedge-shaped locking block, and the current gap can cope with the elastic buffer under wind load conditions when it is combined with the deformation change of the pre-compressed multi-purpose spring.

[0017] Based on any of the above technical solutions, the following optimization is made: a pre-compression multi-purpose spring is used to buffer deformation under wind load conditions and to provide pushing force when cables are slack and re-tensioned.

[0018] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: the left guide and the right guide adopt the same guiding component, the guiding component includes a guide wheel, and wheel plates are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the guide wheel. The inner end of each wheel plate is fixed on the outer side wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe. Both ends of the wheel axle of each guide wheel move through the shaft hole on the wheel plate. The outer side wall of the guide wheel is used to abut against the current power transmission cable and to bend and change direction for it.

[0019] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: the positioning drum includes a vertically arranged positioning drum body, the upper and lower ends of the central shaft fixed at the center of the positioning drum body are respectively fixed on the corresponding circular seats, and anti-detachment caps are respectively fixed at the ends of each central shaft.

[0020] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made by installing a cap on the top of the supporting vertical steel pipe, and fixing an anemometer on the top of the cap.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention utilizes four cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms evenly distributed around the circumference of the supporting steel pipe, combined with dynamic adjustment of the positioning drum interval, to achieve differentiated expansion and contraction adaptation for wind loads in different directions such as lateral and oblique. At the same time, the preset interval distance between the conical push ring and the wedge locking block provides an initial buffer stroke, and the elastic deformation of the pre-compressed multi-purpose spring achieves graded energy absorption. Furthermore, the natural frequency of the cable can be changed by adjusting the positioning drum interval to avoid wind load resonance, significantly improving the stability and fatigue resistance of UHV transmission cables under complex wind load conditions.

[0022] 2. This invention relies on the synergistic design of the self-adjusting diameter unit and the anti-retardation connector. When the power transmission cable undergoes slow deformation and relaxation due to long-term high-temperature operation, it can automatically respond without manual intervention. The pre-compression multi-purpose spring is initially in a compressed state. When the cable tension drops to less than the spring force, the spring thrust drives the push shaft to extend outward along the flange tube axis. During this process, the conical surface of the conical push ring opens the wedge-shaped locking block (the elastic folding part deforms synchronously to provide space). After the cable is re-tensioned, the wedge-shaped locking block can automatically lock with the conical push ring under the action of the elastic folding part's restoring force, always maintaining the cable tension within the preset range, avoiding manual periodic tensioning operations, and preventing the cable from shaking and wearing due to long-term relaxation.

[0023] 3. This invention achieves dual optimization of power transmission cable reversal through the symmetrical arrangement of the left and right guides, combined with the arc-shaped groove and rolling engagement structure of the guide wheel. The arc-shaped groove on the outer wall of the guide wheel adapts to the outer contour of the cable to form surface contact, avoiding local compression and damage to the cable insulation layer. At the same time, the guide wheel achieves free rotation through the movable engagement of the wheel axle and wheel plate, changing the cable reversal friction from sliding friction to rolling friction, reducing wear and damage to the cable insulation layer, and ensuring that the cable remains coaxial and collinear when entering and leaving the device, avoiding stress concentration in the cable due to path deviation, and ensuring the safety of ultra-high voltage power transmission.

[0024] 4. This invention enhances adaptability to harsh environments through a multi-protective structural design—the cap on top of the supporting steel pipe uses a sealing ring to fit snugly against the steel pipe, preventing sand and rainwater from entering the internal operating chamber; the drain outlet at the inner end of the flange pipe can quickly drain water accumulated in the inner chamber, avoiding the impact of water freezing on components in low-temperature environments; the elastic folding part is integrally formed with the flange pipe without splicing gaps, further isolating insects and foreign objects from entering, while the anti-corrosion coating on the surface of the wedge-shaped locking block enhances corrosion resistance, significantly improving the adaptability and service life of the device in harsh environments such as high altitude, coastal areas, and areas with sandstorms. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or components are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or components are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3This is a partial top view of the structure of the present invention after removing the cover and the anemometer (the anti-retraction connector is in cross-section).

[0029] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the power transmission cable and the winding method of four positioning drums according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A top-view structural diagram.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the supporting upright steel pipe and the guiding components thereon according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the main structure.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the anti-retraction connector and the self-adjusting diameter unit of the present invention in their installed state.

[0034] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the main structure.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the flange pipe of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flange pipe in three dimensions according to the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram, 1. Mounting base; 2. Supporting steel pipe; 3. Power transmission cable; 4. Left guide; 5. Right guide; 6. Anti-reverse connector; 7. Self-adjusting diameter unit; 8. Through hole; 9. Internal operating cavity; 10. Guide wheel; 11. Wheel plate; 12. Positioning drum; 13. Round seat; 14. Anti-detachment cap; 15. Cover; 16. Anemometer; 17. Flange pipe; 18. Wedge-shaped locking block; 19. Push shaft; 20. Conical push ring; 21. Stop plate; 22. Pre-compression multi-purpose spring; 23. Elastic folding part; 24. Isolation opening; 25. Drain outlet; 26. Distance sensor. The arrows indicate the direction of cable winding and extension. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore merely examples and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The specific structure of the present invention is as follows: Figures 1-11 As shown in the image.

[0039] Example 1: A wind-resistant UHV transmission cable 3 anti-fall device includes a mounting base 1, which is fixedly installed on the top of the transmission line tower. A supporting vertical steel pipe 2 is welded to the top of the mounting base 1. Four cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms are evenly distributed around the circumference of the supporting vertical steel pipe 2. A positioning drum 12 is installed at the outer end of each of the cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms. Each positioning drum 12 is vertically arranged and its upper and lower ends are respectively inserted into the corresponding cable adaptive adjustment mechanism. The four positioning drums 12 cooperate to wind and guide the transmission cable 3. The transmission cable 3 enters through the first positioning drum 12 and is wound. Then it passes through the remaining three positioning drums 12 in series and is wound several times in each positioning drum 12. After the transmission cable 3 extends out through the fourth positioning drum 12, it remains coaxial with the transmission cable 3 before entering the positioning drum 12 and extends horizontally downstream.

[0040] The four cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms in this invention are evenly distributed along the circumference of the supporting vertical steel pipe 2 to ensure that each mechanism is subjected to balanced force and to avoid deformation of the supporting vertical steel pipe 2 due to local force concentration. The positioning drum 12 is connected to the outer end of the cable adaptive adjustment mechanism by inserting and fitting at both ends. The vertically set structure is adapted to the vertical winding requirements of the power transmission cable 3, so that the cable can be stably attached to the surface of the positioning drum 12.

[0041] The movement path of the power transmission cable 3 follows the method of directional entry, multi-turn winding, and coaxial extension: First, it enters the first positioning drum 12 and completes the winding, using the surface friction of the positioning drum 12 to limit the lateral displacement of the cable; then, the remaining three positioning drums 12 are wound in series, and the cable posture is further stabilized by the coordination and constraint of multiple sets of positioning drums 12; finally, it extends out from the fourth positioning drum 12, and the cable after extension maintains the coaxial horizontal extension with the cable before entry, ensuring that the cable transmission direction is consistent and avoiding additional bending stress or wear caused by path deviation.

[0042] The four positioning drums 12 form a multi-node constraint. By winding the cable around each positioning drum 12 multiple times, the friction between the cable and the positioning drum 12 is greatly increased, preventing the cable from slipping or swaying under wind load. At the same time, it reduces the stress on the cable at a single point and extends its service life.

[0043] The vertically positioned positioning drum 12 and the coaxial horizontal cable path design precisely control the cable transmission direction, avoid rigid friction between the cable and the edge of the positioning drum 12, the supporting vertical steel pipe 2 and other components, reduce the probability of cable insulation layer damage, and ensure the safety of UHV power transmission.

[0044] In addition, when the cable encounters a sudden external force (such as a bird strike or a foreign object snag), the multi-turn winding structure of the four positioning drums 12 can absorb some of the impact energy through the slight relative sliding between the cable and the positioning drums 12. At the same time, the multi-node constraint restricts the instantaneous large displacement of the cable, preventing the cable from directly detaching from the device and falling, reducing the risk of accidents, and providing buffering against sudden external forces.

[0045] In icy weather, ice on the cable surface increases its weight and tension. The circumferentially distributed adjustment mechanism can evenly distribute the new load to the supporting steel pipe 2, avoiding local overload. The coaxial horizontal cable path can reduce the eccentric force on the cable caused by ice and prevent the cable from twisting or breaking due to uneven ice.

[0046] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: a left guide 4 is provided between two adjacent positioning drums 12 on the left side, and a right guide 5 is provided between two adjacent positioning drums 12 on the right side. The left guide 4 is used to reverse and guide the upstream power transmission cable 3 before it enters the positioning drum 12, and the right guide 5 is used to reverse and guide the downstream power transmission cable 3 after it leaves the positioning drum 12. The power transmission cable 3 after being reversed by the left guide 4 and the right guide 5 remains coaxial and collinear.

[0047] In the installation of anti-fall devices on wind-resistant ultra-high voltage transmission cables 3, the addition of left guide 4 and right guide 5 is not only to achieve basic reversal, but also to cooperate with positioning drum 12 and cable self-adjustment mechanism.

[0048] When the upstream cable is transmitted to the device from a distance, if there is a slight directional deviation due to factors such as tower spacing and terrain undulations (such as an angle with the entrance axis of the first positioning drum 12), the cable will first come into contact with the outer wall of the guide wheel 10 of the left guide 4. Since the guide wheel 10 is in active cooperation with the wheel plate 11 through the wheel axle, the transmission power of the cable will drive the guide wheel 10 to roll around the wheel axle. At the same time, the arc-shaped outer wall of the guide wheel 10 will generate a lateral constraint force on the cable, correcting the incoming direction of the cable to an angle coaxial with the entrance of the first positioning drum 12, ensuring that the cable is smoothly wound on the first positioning drum 12 and avoiding rigid collision between the cable and the edge of the drum.

[0049] When the cable extends from the fourth positioning drum 12, if the extension direction of the cable deviates due to the fine adjustment of the interval of the four positioning drums 12 (such as when dealing with wind load), the cable will abut against the guide wheel 10 of the right guide 5. The guide wheel 10 corrects the extension direction of the cable to the horizontal direction coaxial with the upstream line through rolling engagement and lateral constraint, so that the cable after the left and right guides 5 are reversed remains coaxial and collinear, ensuring that the axis of the cable is consistent when it enters and leaves the device, and avoiding stress concentration of the cable due to path deviation.

[0050] When wind load causes slight lateral swaying of the cable, the guide wheels 10 of the left guide 4 and right guide 5 will limit the lateral displacement of the cable by mating with the cable; at the same time, the rolling action can absorb some of the swaying energy, preventing the cable from pulling the positioning drum 12 excessively due to lateral swaying, indirectly reducing the adjustment pressure of the cable adaptive adjustment mechanism and maintaining stable cable tension.

[0051] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made: when under wind load conditions, the four cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms cooperate to extend and retract to adjust the interval distance between the four positioning drums 12.

[0052] If it is a lateral wind load (the wind load direction is perpendicular to the cable axis): the two cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms on the windward side are subjected to the lateral thrust transmitted by the cable. The push shaft 19 of its self-diameter unit 7 extends outward along the flange pipe 17 axis under the combined action of the elastic thrust of the pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 and the wind load component. The wind load causes the cable to tend to shift to the leeward side. The push shaft 19 of the windward side mechanism extends outward, driving the corresponding positioning drum 12 to move outward, expanding the interval distance of the windward side positioning drum 12. The two mechanisms on the leeward side slightly contract inward or remain in place according to the cable tension change, reducing the interval distance of the leeward side positioning drum 12. Through the cooperation of expanding the distance on the windward side and contracting the distance on the leeward side, the cable forms a gentle arc that adapts to the wind load direction, dispersing the concentrated thrust of the wind load on the cable.

[0053] If it is an oblique wind load (the wind load direction is at an angle to the cable axis): the four mechanisms extend and retract differently according to the magnitude of the wind load component in each direction: the two adjacent mechanisms with larger wind load components (such as left front and right front) extend outward, and the two mechanisms with smaller wind load components (left rear and right rear) retract slightly. The positioning drum 12 is adjusted to form a gradually changing interval layout along the wind load direction, so that the cable tension is evenly distributed along the axis and the cable overload caused by oblique wind is avoided.

[0054] When the spacing of the positioning drum 12 is adjusted to a state suitable for wind load, the cable tension and the elastic force of the pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 reach a balance. At this time, the rear end face of the conical push ring 20 of each cable adaptive adjustment mechanism abuts against the plane of the wedge-shaped locking block 18. The wedge-shaped locking block 18 clamps the conical push ring 20 through the restoring force of the elastic folding part 23 to achieve reverse locking, fix the position of the push shaft 19, and ensure that the spacing of the positioning drum 12 is stable and will not rebound due to wind load fluctuations.

[0055] Wind loads at specific frequencies can easily cause cables to resonate, leading to significant cable sway and accelerated fatigue fracture. By adjusting the spacing of the positioning drum 12, the cable's natural vibration frequency can be changed, causing the cable's natural frequency to deviate from the wind load frequency, thus fundamentally preventing resonance and extending the cable's service life.

[0056] When encountering short-term gusts of wind, the four mechanisms can form a buffer by rapidly extending and retracting in small amplitudes: when a gust of wind arrives, the mechanisms instantly extend outward to widen the gap and absorb the impact energy of the gust; when the gust of wind weakens, the mechanisms slowly retract to restore the gap, avoiding cable tension fluctuations caused by sudden changes in the gap, and providing additional buffer redundancy for extreme wind loads.

[0057] In addition, during the interval adjustment process, the left and right guides 5 work simultaneously: when the interval of the positioning drum 12 changes, the guides guide the cable to smoothly enter / leave the drum through the rolling action of the guide wheels 10, avoiding friction between the cable and the edge of the drum caused by the interval adjustment; at the same time, the guides restrict the lateral displacement of the cable, ensuring that the cable is always within the preset transmission path.

[0058] Based on any of the above technical solutions, the following optimization is made: the cable adaptive adjustment mechanism includes two anti-retraction connectors 6 arranged from top to bottom and fixedly installed on the side wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe 2, and a self-adjusting diameter unit 7 is coaxially installed inside each of the anti-retraction connectors 6. The self-adjusting diameter unit 7 can move outward along the axial direction of the anti-retraction connector 6 and lock in the opposite direction. The inner end of the self-adjusting diameter unit 7 passes through the through hole 8 and extends into the internal operating cavity 9 of the supporting vertical steel pipe 2. Each self-adjusting diameter unit 7 maintains a positioning state under the tensioning action of the power transmission cable 3. When the power transmission cable 3 operates at high temperature for a long time and undergoes slow deformation, lengthening and loosening, the constraint force of each self-adjusting diameter unit 7 decreases, and it adaptively extends outward and re-tensions the power transmission cable 3.

[0059] The anti-reverse connector 6 is a flange tube 17 spaced vertically, which is fixed to the periphery of the through hole 8 on the side wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe 2 by bolts. Its axis is coaxial with the through hole 8, forming an axial movement channel for the self-adjusting diameter unit 7. The internal cavity wall has a pre-set locking fit structure (the wedge-shaped locking block 18 mounting groove is evenly distributed around the inner side wall, which works with the elastic folding part 23 to fix the locking block), which provides a rigid constraint surface for the reverse locking of the self-adjusting diameter unit 7; the vertically spaced layout ensures that the self-adjusting diameter unit 7 always moves in a straight line along the axial direction during the extension and retraction process, avoiding skew due to unilateral force and ensuring the vertical posture of the positioning drum 12.

[0060] Under normal tension, the power transmission cable 3 applies an inward pulling force to the push shaft 19 through the positioning drum 12. This pulling force is balanced with the outward elastic force of the pre-compression spring. At this time, the rear end face of the conical push ring 20 is tightly pressed against the plane of the wedge-shaped locking block 18 in the anti-reverse connector 6. The wedge-shaped locking block 18 is radially tightened under the restoring force of the elastic folding part 23, clamping the conical push ring 20. Through the rigid locking of the plane-to-plane contact, the push shaft 19 is prevented from moving outward, ensuring the overall positioning of the self-diameter unit 7. This, in turn, keeps the positioning drum 12 at a preset interval, and the cable maintains a stable tension.

[0061] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: the left guide 4 and the right guide 5 adopt the same guiding component. The guiding component includes a guide wheel 10, and wheel plates 11 are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the guide wheel 10. The inner end of each wheel plate 11 is fixed on the outer side wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe 2. Both ends of the wheel axle of each guide wheel 10 move through the shaft hole on the wheel plate 11. The outer side wall of the guide wheel 10 is used to abut against the current power transmission cable 3 and to bend and change direction for it.

[0062] The guide wheel 10 is a cylindrical wheel body with an outer wall that is machined into an arc-shaped groove that fits the outer contour of the cable, ensuring that no point contact stress is generated when it comes into contact with the outer surface of the cable. The wheel body has a coaxial axle running through it, and the axle and the guide wheel 10 are connected by a bearing, allowing the guide wheel 10 to rotate flexibly around the axle and reducing the relative friction between the cable and the wheel body.

[0063] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: the positioning drum 12 includes a vertically arranged positioning drum body, the upper and lower ends of the central shaft fixed at the center of the positioning drum body are respectively fixed on its corresponding round seat 13, and anti-detachment caps 14 are respectively fixed at the ends of each central shaft.

[0064] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: a cover 15 is installed on the top of the supporting vertical steel pipe 2, and an anemometer 16 is fixedly installed on the top of the cover 15.

[0065] The anemometer 16 is fixed to the center of the top of the cover 15 by a bracket. The device adopts an integrated design, with built-in wind speed sensor, wind direction sensor and independent lithium battery power supply module and supports solar charging. The output signal can be transmitted to the device's remote monitoring platform wirelessly or wiredly to ensure real-time data upload.

[0066] Example 2: Compared with Example 1, this example also includes the following technical features: Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: the anti-retraction connector 6 includes a flange tube 17 horizontally fixed on the side wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe 2. The flange tube 17 is coaxially arranged with the through hole 8. A number of wedge-shaped locking devices are evenly spaced along the horizontal direction on the inner side wall of the flange tube 17. Each wedge-shaped locking device includes a number of wedge-shaped locking blocks 18 evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner cavity of the flange tube 17. Each wedge-shaped locking block 18 is fixed on the flange tube 17. Each wedge-shaped locking block 18 is used in conjunction with the current self-diameter-changing unit 7.

[0067] The flange pipe 17 is horizontally fixed to the side wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe 2, and coaxially forms an axial movement channel for the self-diameter-changing unit 7 (pushing shaft 19) with the through hole 8, ensuring that the pushing shaft 19 only extends and retracts in the horizontal direction (without radial deviation). The tension of the power transmission cable 3 is transmitted to the pushing shaft 19 through the positioning drum 12, so that the pushing shaft 19 is subjected to an inward pulling force, which is balanced with the outward elastic force of the pre-compression spring.

[0068] The rear end face (plane) of the tapered push ring 20 in the middle of the push shaft 19 is tightly pressed against the plane of the wedge-shaped locking block 18 on the inner side wall of the flange tube 17. The wedge-shaped locking blocks 18 are evenly distributed (3 or 4) along the circumference of the inner cavity of the flange tube 17, forming multi-point synchronous locking. Through the mechanical self-locking characteristics of plane-to-plane contact, the push shaft 19 is prevented from moving outward (the locking force increases with the increase of cable tension), ensuring that the positioning drum 12 is spaced stably and the cable maintains the preset tension.

[0069] When the cable lengthens and loosens due to prolonged high temperature, and the tension decreases to less than the pre-compression spring force, the spring pushes the push shaft 19 to move outward. The outward movement of the push shaft 19 causes the conical push ring 20 to move synchronously. The conical surface of the push ring contacts the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped locking block 18, generating a radial component force. This forces each wedge-shaped locking block 18 to move slightly outward along the flange pipe 17 (a small elastic deformation space is reserved between the locking block and the flange pipe 17), releasing the locking constraint on the push shaft 19. Relocking stage: The push shaft 19 moves outward until the cable is re-tensioned (the tension and spring force are balanced), the conical push ring 20 stops moving, and the wedge locking block 18 rebounds under its own elastic restoring force. Its plane is pressed against the rear end face of the push ring again to form a new multi-point locking and fix the position of the push shaft 19.

[0070] If the wind load causes a sudden increase in cable tension (the cable is being pulled): the push shaft 19 tends to move inward, and the clamping force between the rear end face of the conical push ring 20 and the plane of the wedge-shaped locking block 18 increases instantaneously. The multi-point distribution of the locking block evenly distributes the force to the flange pipe 17, avoiding local overload. The rigid locking prevents the push shaft 19 from moving inward, preventing the cable from being overstretched. If the wind load causes a sudden decrease in cable tension (temporary relaxation): the pre-compression spring pushes the push shaft 19 to move slightly outward, and the conical surface of the conical push ring 20 and the inclined surface of the locking block produce a brief sliding. The elastic deformation of the locking block absorbs part of the impact energy, achieving buffering. After the impact ends, the locking block immediately rebounds and locks, preventing the push shaft 19 from continuing to loosen.

[0071] When manual adjustment of the self-adjusting diameter unit 7 is required (such as during maintenance), maintenance personnel can push the push shaft 19 through the operating cavity of the supporting vertical steel pipe 2. The multi-point locking characteristic of the wedge-shaped locking block 18 can achieve temporary locking at any position (without the need for additional tools to fix it), which is convenient for measuring the adjustment amount or replacing parts.

[0072] The gap between the flange pipe 17 and the push shaft 19 is only 0.5 and 1 mm. With the circumferential distribution of the wedge-shaped locking block 18, it can prevent foreign objects such as dust, insects, and rainwater from entering the internal operating cavity 9 of the supporting vertical steel pipe 2, reducing the risk of corrosion of the pre-compression spring or failure of the distance sensor 26 caused by foreign objects.

[0073] The connection between the wedge-shaped locking block 18 and the flange pipe 17 is reserved with a small elastic deformation space. When the device is affected by tower vibration, the small deformation of the locking block can absorb some vibration energy, reduce the transmission of vibration to the push shaft 19 and the positioning drum 12, and reduce the risk of fatigue damage to the cable caused by high-frequency vibration.

[0074] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: the self-diameter-changing unit 7 includes a push shaft 19 that is fitted into the inner cavity of the flange tube 17. A circular seat 13 is fixed to the outer end of the push shaft 19. The circular seat 13 is detachably fixed to the end of the central shaft of the positioning drum 12 at its corresponding position. Several conical pushing rings 20 are uniformly fixed along the axial direction on the outer end sidewall of the push shaft 19. The conical surface of each conical pushing ring 20 is used to push against the inclined surface of each wedge-shaped locking block 18 and push it outwards to complete the outward displacement of the push shaft 19. When the rear end face of the conical push ring 20 abuts against the planar portion of each of the wedge-shaped locking blocks 18 on its rear side, reverse locking is achieved. The inner end of the push shaft 19 passes through the through hole 8 and extends into the internal operating cavity 9. A stop plate 21 is fixed to the inner end of the push shaft 19. A pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 is installed on the outer wall of the push shaft 19 between the stop plate 21 and the inner wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe 2. The two ends of the pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 are respectively fixed to the stop plate 21 and the inner wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe 2. The pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 is initially in a compressed state.

[0075] Under normal tension, the power transmission cable 3 transmits the inward pulling force to the round seat 13 at the outer end of the push shaft 19 through the positioning drum 12. The pulling force is then transmitted axially along the push shaft 19 to the stop plate 21 at the inner end. At this time, the pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 (which is initially compressed) sleeved on the outside of the push shaft 19 generates an outward elastic thrust, which forms a balance with the cable tension in magnitude and opposite direction, keeping the push shaft 19 stationary.

[0076] The tapered pushing ring 20 on the outer end sidewall of the push shaft 19 remains stationary with the push shaft 19, and its inward rear end face (plane) is tightly pressed against the plane of the wedge locking block 18 of the wedge locking device inside the flange tube 17; the wedge locking blocks 18 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner cavity of the flange tube 17, and form a rigid constraint through multi-point synchronous pressing, preventing the push shaft 19 from moving outward (the locking force increases with the increase of cable tension), ensuring the overall positioning of the self-variable diameter unit 7, thereby maintaining the preset interval of the positioning drum 12 and the cable tension state, and realizing reverse locking.

[0077] When a large current flows through an ultra-high voltage transmission cable for an extended period, the Joule effect generates sustained high temperatures, causing the cable material to expand and contract with temperature changes, resulting in slow deformation (increased length) and a gradual decrease in tension. When the cable tension drops below the elastic force of the pre-compression spring, the spring's thrust pushes the push shaft 19 to move outward (at this time, the inward pulling force of the cable on the push shaft 19 is insufficient to counteract the spring's thrust). When the push shaft 19 moves outward, the conical surface of the conical push ring 20 contacts the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped locking block 18, and the push locking block moves radially outward (the elastic deformation plate of the elastic folding part 23 deforms synchronously, providing movement space for the locking block), so that the push shaft 19 can smoothly extend outward along the axial direction of the anti-retraction connector 6. The outward movement of the push shaft 19 drives the positioning drum 12 to move outward, gradually tightening the slack cable until the cable tension rises back to balance with the spring force. At this time, the conical push ring 20 stops moving, and the wedge-shaped locking block 18 rebounds under the restoring force of the elastic folding part 23. Its plane is pressed against the rear end face of the conical push ring 20 again to form a new rigid lock, fixing the position of the push shaft 19 and keeping the cable in a stable state after being re-tensioned.

[0078] When wind load causes instantaneous fluctuations in cable tension: If the tension suddenly increases (the cable is pulled by the wind), the push shaft 19 tends to move inward. The clamping force between the rear end face of the conical push ring 20 and the plane of the locking block is increased, and the rigid constraint of the locking block is further stabilized, preventing the push shaft 19 from moving inward and avoiding excessive stretching of the cable. If the tension suddenly decreases (due to wind load causing the cable to slack temporarily), the pre-compression spring pushes the push shaft 19 to move slightly outward, and the conical push ring 20 contacts the inclined surface of the locking block to produce slight relative sliding. The impact energy is absorbed by the spring deformation to achieve elastic buffering. After the impact ends, the spring and cable tension are rebalanced, and the locking block resets and locks again to ensure that the mechanism will not loosen continuously due to wind load impact.

[0079] The anti-reverse connector 6 serves as both a guide channel and a locking base. The self-adjusting diameter unit 7 achieves telescopic execution and locking through a single shaft, eliminating the need for an additional independent locking mechanism or guide rail.

[0080] The elastic deformation characteristics of the pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 can absorb the small vibrations transmitted by the transmission tower (such as tower swaying caused by a light breeze), reducing the vibration transmitted to the positioning drum 12 and the cable through the push shaft 19, and avoiding fatigue damage to the cable due to high-frequency vibration; at the same time, the slight sliding cooperation between the conical push ring 20 and the wedge-shaped locking block 18 can further buffer the vibration energy and improve the overall vibration resistance of the device.

[0081] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: the outer end of the flange pipe 17 forms a thin wall with a wall thickness less than that of its inner end, and the outer end is folded inward into its inner cavity to form an elastic folded portion 23. The outer side walls of each wedge-shaped locking block 18 are fixed to the side wall of the elastic folded portion 23. The inner end of the elastic folded portion 23 is freely disposed, and several partition openings 24 are evenly opened along its circumference on the side wall of the elastic folded portion 23. The inner end of the elastic folded portion 23 between two partition openings 24 is freely disposed, and the outer end is fixedly disposed to form a cantilevered elastic deformation plate structure. When the conical pushing ring 20 pushes each wedge-shaped locking block 18 outward, the free end of each elastic deformation plate structure can deform radially to expand the diameter of the constraint space, ensuring that the conical pushing ring 20 and the pushing shaft 19 can be smoothly moved outward and can quickly reset themselves after the pushing shaft 19 is moved.

[0082] The outer end of the flange pipe 17 has a thin-walled structure, which is folded inward to form an annular elastic folded portion 23. The outer wall of the wedge-shaped locking block 18 is fixed to the inner wall of the elastic folded portion 23. At this time, the elastic folded portion 23 is in a natural state without additional deformation. The outer end of the elastic deformation plate (formed by the partition opening 24, usually 3 or 4, evenly distributed along the circumference) is fixed to the main body of the flange pipe 17, while the inner end is free, in a cantilevered posture. This causes the wedge-shaped locking block 18 to form a constraint space whose inner diameter matches the outer diameter of the conical push ring 20, preparing for subsequent locking. When the cable relaxes due to high temperature, the pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 pushes the push shaft 19 outward. The conical push ring 20 moves outward synchronously with the push shaft 19, and its conical surface contacts the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped locking block 18, generating a radial force: Deformation triggering: The radial force acts on the wedge-shaped locking block 18, causing the free end of the elastic deformation plate to bend radially outward towards the flange pipe 17 (the deformation amplitude is dynamically adjusted according to the pushing force, typically 0.5 or 2 mm); Constraint space expansion: The outward expansion of the elastic deformation plate... The moving wedge-shaped locking block 18 moves outward synchronously, expanding the inner diameter of the constraint space enclosed by the locking block, providing a smooth moving channel for the conical pushing ring 20 and the pushing shaft 19, avoiding the pushing jamming caused by the inability of the traditional rigid locking block to deform; during the deformation process of the elastic deformation plate, the elastic potential energy generated by itself increases with the increase of the deformation amplitude. When the pushing force (spring pushing force) and the elastic potential energy are balanced, the deformation stops, ensuring that the diameter expansion amplitude and the pushing demand are accurately matched, and the locking failure will not be caused by excessive deformation.

[0083] When the push shaft 19 moves outward until the cable is re-tensioned, the spring force and the cable tension are balanced, and the conical push ring 20 stops moving. The radial component of the force of the conical push ring 20 on the wedge-shaped locking block 18 disappears, the elastic potential energy stored in the elastic deformation plate is released, and the free end rebounds radially inward. The rebound of the elastic deformation plate causes the wedge-shaped locking block 18 to reset, the inner diameter of the constraint space shrinks to the initial size, and the plane of the wedge-shaped locking block 18 abuts against the rear end face of the conical push ring 20 again, forming a reverse lock. The entire reset process does not require additional power and relies entirely on the elastic characteristics of the deformation plate to ensure timely and stable locking.

[0084] The partition opening 24 divides the elastic folding part 23 into independent elastic deformation plates. Each deformation plate only bears the force of the corresponding wedge-shaped locking block 18, avoiding local excessive deformation caused by uneven force in the traditional integral elastic folding part 23. At the same time, elastic contact replaces rigid collision, reducing the wear of the wedge-shaped locking block 18 and the conical pushing ring 20.

[0085] The flexible folding part 23 is integrally formed with the flange tube 17 without splicing gaps, which can effectively block sand and rainwater from entering.

[0086] When the device encounters a sudden impact (such as a foreign object hitting the positioning drum 12), the impact force is transmitted to the conical push ring 20 through the push shaft 19, and then acts on the wedge-shaped locking block 18; the elastic deformation plate absorbs part of the impact energy through rapid deformation, avoiding the impact force from being directly transmitted to the flange pipe 17 and the supporting vertical steel pipe 2, thus reducing the risk of damage to rigid components.

[0087] When the ambient temperature changes drastically (such as the flange 17 expanding due to summer sun exposure or contracting due to winter cold), the elastic deformation plate can compensate for the radial dimension change of the flange 17 through slight deformation: during thermal expansion, the deformation plate expands slightly outward to avoid the tapered push ring 20 from getting stuck due to the shrinkage of the constraint space; during cold contraction, the deformation plate contracts slightly inward to ensure that the constraint space does not become too large due to the shrinkage of the flange 17, maintaining locking accuracy without the need for manual adjustment.

[0088] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made: on the inner end outer wall of each flange pipe 17, there are only a few drainage ports 25 that are connected to its interior.

[0089] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made as follows: a distance sensor 26 with an independent power supply is coaxially mounted on the inner end face of each of the gear shift plates 21, and the two distance sensors 26 arranged opposite to each other are used in cooperation.

[0090] Based on any of the above technical solutions, a further optimization is made: there is a gap between the conical push ring 20 and the adjacent wedge-shaped locking block 18, and the current gap can cope with the elastic buffer under wind load conditions when the deformation of the pre-compressed multi-purpose spring 22 changes.

[0091] When wind load causes instantaneous fluctuations in the tension of the power transmission cable 3 (such as a sudden increase or decrease in tension caused by gusts of wind): Sudden tension reduction (brief cable slack): The inward pulling force of the cable on the push shaft 19 decreases instantaneously. The elastic force of the pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 pushes the push shaft 19 to move slightly outward. At this time, the conical push ring 20 moves with the push shaft 19, and its front end gradually approaches the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped locking block 18, and the interval gradually decreases. Before the push ring contacts the locking block, the spring absorbs part of the impact energy through its own elongation deformation (first-level buffer). When the push ring contacts the inclined surface of the locking block, the interval disappears, and the locking block drives the elastic deformation plate to expand slightly outward, absorbing the remaining energy through elastic deformation (second-level buffer) to avoid rigid collision between the push ring and the locking block.

[0092] Sudden increase in tension (the cable is pulled instantly): The inward pulling force of the cable on the push shaft 19 increases instantaneously, and the push shaft 19 tends to move inward. The clamping force between the rear end face of the conical push ring 20 and the plane of the rear locking block increases, while the distance between the front end face and the front locking block increases. At this time, the pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 is further compressed, and the impact energy is absorbed by shortening the deformation (avoiding the tension from being directly transmitted to the locking structure). The existence of the distance provides an unobstructed initial stroke for spring compression, reducing the stress concentration caused by rigid locking.

[0093] Without a gap, wind load impact will cause the conical push ring 20 to directly and rigidly collide with the wedge-shaped locking block 18, and the conical surface of the push ring is prone to denting. After setting a gap, the impact stress is reduced and the wear rate of the locking block is reduced through the graded absorption of spring deformation (first-level buffer) and locking block elastic deformation (second-level buffer), thus extending the service life of the push ring.

[0094] Without intervals, minor tension fluctuations caused by wind loads may cause the push ring and locking block to press too tightly, resulting in overlocking. This makes it difficult for the push ring to push the locking block open during subsequent cable slack adjustment. Intervals can prevent this over-pressing and ensure that the locking force is always dynamically matched with the cable tension.

[0095] Based on any of the above technical solutions, the following further optimizations are made: the pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 is used for buffering deformation under wind load conditions and pushing force when the cable is in a slack state to be re-tensioned. It also has the function of preset initial tension force during the installation and commissioning stage, the function of locking force compensation in conjunction with the locking structure during long-term use, the function of absorbing vibration energy of the whole device, and the function of temperature deformation compensation.

[0096] Specifically: During the installation and commissioning phase, by adjusting the initial compression of the pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22, the initial tension of the power transmission cable 3 can be precisely set, so that the cable is in a preset mechanical balance state before it is put into operation, without the need for an additional independent tensioning mechanism, thus simplifying the installation process. When the transmission line tower experiences slight vibrations due to wind, ground vibrations, etc., and these vibrations are transmitted to the device, the pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 can absorb the vibration energy through elastic deformation, reducing the impact of vibration on rigid components such as the push shaft 19 and the positioning drum 12, and preventing the components from becoming loose or fatigued due to continuous vibration.

[0097] When the UHV transmission cable 3 is in operation, the temperature fluctuates due to changes in current load. Metal components such as the supporting steel pipe 2 and the push shaft 19 will expand and contract with temperature changes. The pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 can compensate for the size changes of the components through its own deformation (further compression when the temperature rises and moderate extension when the temperature drops), so as to avoid component jamming or abnormal fluctuations in cable tension caused by thermal stress.

[0098] Specific work process: Fixing the basic components: First, fix the mounting base 1 to the top of the transmission line tower with rigid connectors such as bolts to ensure that the base and the tower are in close contact without loosening; then, install the supporting steel pipe 2 and the components on it.

[0099] Stable cable transmission status: When the power transmission cable 3 is transmitting power normally, the radial constraint is achieved by the multiple turns of the four positioning drums 12 to prevent the cable from swaying laterally due to its own weight or slight airflow; the left guide 4 and the right guide 5 continuously maintain the coaxial and collinear path of the cable to prevent the cable from rubbing against the edge of the positioning drum 12 and the supporting vertical steel pipe 2, ensuring that the cable is transmitted downstream in a stable posture.

[0100] Real-time status monitoring: The anemometer 16 collects wind speed and direction data in the environment in real time, providing a basis for predicting subsequent wind load response; the distance sensor 26, which is set up relative to each other, continuously collects distance data along the axial direction of the push axis 19, and uploads the data to the terminal. By monitoring the interval distance of the positioning drum 12 and the tension of the cable through data changes, the device maintains stable operation.

[0101] Pre-compression spring for stabilization: The pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 is always in the initial compression state. Its outward elastic force is transmitted to the cable through the push shaft 19 and the positioning drum 12 to maintain the initial tension of the cable and prevent the cable from slackening slightly due to slight vibration or temperature fluctuations.

[0102] When encountering wind load conditions: Wind load sensing and preliminary response: When the anemometer 16 detects wind load (wind speed exceeds the preset threshold), the wind load acts on the power transmission cable 3, causing the cable to generate lateral thrust or axial tension fluctuation; the cable tension change is transmitted to the push shaft 19 through the positioning drum 12, causing the axial force on the push shaft 19 to change.

[0103] Adaptive adjustment mechanism operation: If the wind load increases the cable tension, the push shaft 19 tends to move inward. At this time, the rear end face of the conical push ring 20 abuts against the plane of the wedge-shaped locking block 18. The wedge-shaped locking block 18 achieves reverse locking through the rigid constraint of the elastic folding part 23, preventing the push shaft 19 from moving inward and avoiding excessive cable stretching. If the wind load reduces the cable tension (or the wind load causes the cable to sway laterally, causing the push shaft 19 to move slightly), the gap between the push shaft 19 and the conical push ring 20 provides a small space for the push shaft 19 to move. The pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 absorbs the wind load impact energy through slight deformation (stretching or further compression), achieving elastic buffering and reducing the rigid impact of the wind load on the cable and the positioning drum 12.

[0104] Positioning drum 12 interval adjustment: When the wind load intensity is large, the four cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms extend and retract in coordination: the adjustment mechanism on the side more affected by the wind force, the push shaft 19 of its self-variable diameter unit 7 moves slightly outward along the axial direction of the flange pipe 17 under the combined action of the pre-compression spring and the wind load (the conical push ring 20 opens the wedge-shaped locking block 18, and the radial deformation of the elastic deformation plate of the elastic folding part 23 provides space), driving the corresponding positioning drum 12 to move outward; the adjustment mechanism on the opposite side finely adjusts the position of the push shaft 19 according to the wind load direction, and finally adjusts the interval distance of the four positioning drums 12 so that the force direction of the cable is adapted to the wind load direction, reducing the continuous impact of the wind load on the cable.

[0105] Reset after wind load reduction: When the wind speed drops to the normal range, the force of the wind load on the cable weakens, the elastic force of the pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 pushes the push shaft 19 to reset, the conical push ring 20 moves inward with the push shaft 19, the elastic deformation plate of the elastic folding part 23 automatically resets, driving the wedge locking block 18 back to the initial position, and re-cooperating with the conical push ring 20 to achieve locking; the spacing between the four positioning drums 12 returns to the normal state, and the cable returns to the stable transmission path.

[0106] Long-term high temperature relaxation adjustment stage of cable: When the power transmission cable 3 is running at high temperature for a long time, it will slowly deform (lengthen) due to thermal expansion and contraction, resulting in a gradual decrease in cable tension. When the tension decreases to the point that the elastic force of the pre-compression multi-purpose spring 22 is greater than the cable tension, the thrust of the pre-compression spring pushes the stop plate 21 at the inner end of the push shaft 19, causing the push shaft 19 to move outward along the flange pipe 17 axially.

[0107] Locking and tensioning of the self-adjusting diameter unit 7: When the push shaft 19 moves outward, the conical push ring 20 on its side wall moves outward accordingly. The conical surface of the conical push ring 20 contacts the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped locking block 18 inside the flange tube 17, and pushes the wedge-shaped locking block 18 to move radially outward (the elastic deformation plate of the elastic folding part 23 deforms synchronously, expanding the inner cavity space of the flange tube 17), ensuring that the push shaft 19 moves outward smoothly; the push shaft 19 drives the positioning drum 12 to move outward, gradually tightening the slack cable; when the cable tension returns to the preset value, the thrust of the pre-compression spring is balanced with the cable tension, and the push shaft 19 stops moving outward. At this time, the rear end face of the conical push ring 20 abuts against the plane of the rear wedge-shaped locking block 18. Under the action of the restoring force of the elastic folding part 23, the wedge-shaped locking block 18 clamps the conical push ring 20, realizing reverse locking, keeping the position of the positioning drum 12 stable, and the cable maintains tension.

[0108] Anomaly warning: If the distance data collected by the distance sensor 26 is abnormal (such as sudden distance change or frequent fluctuation), it indicates that the corresponding push shaft 19 may be stuck, the wedge locking block 18 may fail to cooperate, or the cable tension may be abnormal. The sensor will continue to work through an independent power supply and send an alarm signal to the remote monitoring system to prompt maintenance personnel to troubleshoot the fault.

[0109] When the surface of the positioning drum 12 is worn or the guide wheel 10 is stuck, the connection between the positioning drum 12 and the round seat 13 of the push shaft 19 can be disassembled, or the engagement between the guide wheel 10 axle and the wheel plate 11 can be separated, and the faulty part can be replaced individually without disassembling the entire device, thus reducing the difficulty of outdoor operation and maintenance.

[0110] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, any alternative improvements or transformations made to the implementation of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0111] Any aspects of this invention not described in detail are well-known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A wind-load resistant anti-fall device for ultra-high voltage transmission cables, characterized in that: The system includes a mounting base, which is fixedly installed on the top of the transmission line tower. A supporting vertical steel pipe is welded to the top of the mounting base. Four cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms are evenly distributed around the circumference of the supporting vertical steel pipe. A positioning drum is installed at the outer end of each of the cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms. Each positioning drum is vertically arranged and its upper and lower ends are respectively inserted into the corresponding cable adaptive adjustment mechanism. The four positioning drums work together to wind and guide the transmission cable. The transmission cable enters through the first positioning drum and is wound. Then, it passes through the remaining three positioning drums in series and is wound several times in each positioning drum. After the transmission cable extends out through the fourth positioning drum, it remains coaxial with the transmission cable before entering the positioning drum and extends horizontally downstream. A left guide is provided between two adjacent positioning drums on the left side, and a right guide is provided between two adjacent positioning drums on the right side. The left guide is used to reverse and guide the upstream power transmission cable before it enters the positioning drum, and the right guide is used to reverse and guide the downstream power transmission cable after it leaves the positioning drum. The power transmission cable after being reversed by the left guide and the right guide remains coaxial and collinear. The cable adaptive adjustment mechanism includes two anti-retraction connectors that are spaced apart from top to bottom and fixedly installed on the side wall of the supporting steel pipe, and a self-adjusting diameter unit is coaxially installed inside each of the anti-retraction connectors. The self-adjusting diameter unit can move outward along the axial direction of the anti-retraction connector and lock in the opposite direction. The inner end of the self-adjusting diameter unit passes through the through hole and extends into the internal operating cavity of the supporting vertical steel pipe. Each self-adjusting diameter unit maintains its positioning state under the tension of the power transmission cable. When the power transmission cable operates at high temperature for a long time and undergoes slow deformation, lengthening and loosening, the constraint force of each self-adjusting diameter unit decreases and adaptively extends outward to re-tension the power transmission cable.

2. The wind load resistant UHV power transmission cable installation fall arrest device of claim 1, wherein: Under wind load conditions, the four cable adaptive adjustment mechanisms work together to adjust the spacing between the four positioning drums.

3. The wind load resistant UHV power transmission cable installation fall arrest device of claim 2, wherein: The anti-reverse connector includes a flange tube horizontally fixed to the side wall of the supporting upright steel pipe. The flange tube is coaxially arranged with the through hole. A number of wedge-shaped locking devices are evenly spaced along the horizontal direction on the inner side wall of the flange tube. Each wedge-shaped locking device includes a number of wedge-shaped locking blocks evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner cavity of the flange tube. Each wedge-shaped locking block is fixed on the flange tube and is used to cooperate with the current self-adjusting diameter unit.

4. The wind load resistant UHV power transmission cable installation fall arrest device of claim 3, wherein: The self-adjusting diameter unit includes a push shaft that is fitted into the inner cavity of the flange tube. A circular seat is fixed to the outer end of the push shaft. The circular seat is detachably fixed to the end of the central shaft of the positioning drum at a corresponding position. Several tapered pushing rings are uniformly fixed along the axial direction on the outer end sidewall of the push shaft. The tapered surface of each tapered pushing ring is used to push against the inclined surface of each wedge-shaped locking block and push it outwards to complete the outward displacement of the push shaft. When the rear end face of the tapered pushing ring is aligned with... When the planar portions of the rear wedge-shaped locking blocks are pressed together, reverse locking is achieved. The inner end of the push shaft passes through the through hole and extends into the internal operating cavity. A stop plate is fixed to the inner end of the push shaft. A pre-compression multi-purpose spring is installed on the outer wall of the push shaft between the stop plate and the inner wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe. The two ends of the pre-compression multi-purpose spring are respectively fixed to the stop plate and the inner wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe. The initial installation state of the pre-compression multi-purpose spring is in a compressed state.

5. The wind load resistant UHV power transmission cable installation fall arrest device of claim 4, wherein: There is a gap between the conical push ring and the adjacent wedge-shaped locking block, and the current gap, when combined with the deformation of the pre-compressed multi-purpose spring, can cope with the elastic buffer under wind load conditions.

6. The wind load resistant UHV power transmission cable installation fall arrest device of claim 5, wherein: The left guide and the right guide use the same guide component. The guide component includes a guide wheel, and wheel plates are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the guide wheel. The inner end of each wheel plate is fixed on the outer side wall of the supporting vertical steel pipe. Both ends of the wheel axle of each guide wheel move through the shaft hole on the wheel plate. The outer side wall of the guide wheel is used to abut against the current power transmission cable and to bend and change direction for it.

7. The wind load resistant UHV power transmission cable installation fall arrest device of claim 6, wherein: The positioning drum includes a vertically arranged positioning drum body. The upper and lower ends of the central shaft fixed at the center of the positioning drum body are respectively fixed on the corresponding circular seats. Anti-detachment caps are fixed at the ends of each central shaft.

8. The wind load resistant UHV power transmission cable installation fall arrest device of claim 7, wherein: A cap is installed on the top of the supporting vertical steel pipe, and an anemometer is fixedly installed on the top of the cap.

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