A multi-stage distillation column for the separation of tricresyl phosphite and its application method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of distillation column technology, and in particular to a multi-stage distillation column for the separation of tricresol phosphite and its usage method. The column includes a support frame and a distillation column. A flow guiding drive assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom of the distillation column. A movable component is embedded inside the flow guiding drive assembly. A receiving assembly is sleeved on the outside of the flow guiding drive assembly. A withdrawal switch assembly is fixedly connected inside the receiving assembly. The flow guiding drive assembly includes an extension cylinder. First lugs are fixedly connected to both ends of the extension cylinder. A servo cylinder is fixedly connected to the inside of the first lug at the front end. A second lug is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the servo cylinder. The movable component includes a movable cylinder shell. An outer shell is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable cylinder shell. In this invention, the device can control the side-stream discharge position, effectively avoiding the problem of light boiling impurities such as cresol being carried upside down from the discharge port, and heavy component impurities and polymerization products being mixed into the bottom of the column from the bottom down, significantly improving the purity and quality of the extracted product.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of distillation column technology, specifically to a multi-stage distillation column for the separation of tristylenol phosphite and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] The multi-stage distillation column for separating tricresyl phosphite is a specialized distillation device adapted to the production and purification needs of tricresyl phosphite. It achieves precise separation of components by utilizing the differences in volatility through multi-stage column bodies connected in series or multi-stage mass transfer structures within the column. It is often operated under reduced pressure. This equipment is usually equipped with multi-stage condensation devices and vacuum systems. Multi-stage mass transfer zones can be formed within the column by setting packing or trays, allowing the crude material containing tricresyl phosphite to undergo multiple partial vaporization and partial condensation processes within the column. This allows the rising vapor and descending liquid to come into countercurrent contact to complete heat and mass transfer. At the same time, by controlling parameters such as temperature and vacuum in each column section, impurities and byproducts such as cresol and hydrogen chloride remaining in the reaction are gradually separated.

[0003] Tristylacetyl phosphite is an organophosphorus compound obtained by the esterification reaction of tricresyl and phosphorus trichloride. It is mostly a pale yellow to reddish-brown transparent oily liquid. It has plasticizing, antioxidant, and stabilizing properties, but also has certain toxicity and corrosiveness. It is often used as a plasticizer, rubber antioxidant, and stabilizer to improve the processing performance and aging resistance of products. It is also an important intermediate in the synthesis of organophosphorus products such as tricresyl phosphate. It is widely used in plastics, rubber processing, and chemical synthesis. During production and use, temperature, ventilation, and other conditions must be strictly controlled to avoid high-temperature decomposition that produces toxic byproducts or causes harm to human contact.

[0004] Tristylenol phosphite, as a heavy component, will be enriched in a specific rectification section in the lower part of the column and extracted to obtain the finished product through the side stream outlet. Meanwhile, the heavy component impurities that are difficult to volatilize and a small amount of polymerization products will be deposited at the bottom of the column and discharged from the bottom of the column periodically, thereby completing the complete separation of tristylenol phosphite from impurities.

[0005] Tricresol phosphite is a heat-sensitive material. In the process of extracting the finished product through a side stream and discharging impurities from the bottom of a multi-stage distillation column, the position of the side stream outlet has a critical impact on the purity of the finished product. If the outlet is positioned too high, it is easy to carry in light-boiling impurities such as cresol that have not been completely separated at the top of the column, resulting in a pungent odor in the finished product. If the outlet is positioned too low, it will mix in heavy component impurities and polymerization products enriched at the bottom of the column, which will also affect the quality of the finished product. Therefore, in order to address the above problems, a multi-stage distillation column for the separation of tricresol phosphite and its usage method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage distillation column for the separation of tricresyl phosphite and its usage method, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A multi-stage distillation column for separating tricresol phosphite includes a support frame and a distillation column. A flow guiding drive assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom of the distillation column. A movable component is embedded inside the flow guiding drive assembly. A receiving assembly is sleeved on the outside of the flow guiding drive assembly. A pull-out switch assembly is fixedly connected inside the receiving assembly. The flow guiding drive assembly includes an extension cylinder. First lugs are fixedly connected to both ends of the extension cylinder. A servo electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the inside of the first lug at the front end. A second lug is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the servo electric cylinder. The movable component includes a movable shell. An outer shell is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable shell. A first fluororubber ring is fixedly connected to the upper part of the movable shell. A second fluororubber ring is fixedly connected to the lower part of the movable shell. A flow guiding channel is formed inside the movable shell.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, a distillation column is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support frame, the bottom end of the distillation column is fixedly connected to the top end of the extension cylinder, and the inner side of the distillation column is connected to the inner side of the extension cylinder.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, a telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first ear seat at the rear end, the piston rod end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the second ear seat at the rear end, and both the front end and the rear end of the second ear seat are fixedly connected to the outer side of the outer shell.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, wherein: an extension shell is fixedly connected to the right side of the outer shell, a first through hole is provided on the outer shell near the extension shell, the inner side of the outer shell communicates with the inner side of the extension shell through the first through hole, a water ring vacuum pump is fixedly connected to the right side of the extension shell, a hose is fixedly connected to the right side of the water ring vacuum pump, and the inner side of the outer shell communicates with the guide channel.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, the upper end of the movable shell extends to the inner side of the extension tube, the outer side of the first fluororubber ring is in contact with the inner side of the extension tube, and the inner side of the movable shell is in communication with the inner side of the extension tube.

[0013] The receiving assembly includes a receiving shell with a receiving groove on its inner side and a second through hole near its lower end. A valve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the receiving shell, and the second through hole of the receiving shell is aligned vertically with the valve port of the valve. A foot is fixedly connected to the bottom of the receiving shell.

[0014] As a further optimization of the present invention, a movable shell is embedded in the inner side of the receiving groove, the outer side of the second fluororubber ring is in contact with the inner side of the receiving groove, and a gap is left between the top of the receiving shell and the bottom of the extension cylinder.

[0015] As a further optimization of the present invention, the extraction switch assembly includes an outer shell, an insert post fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer shell, a third fluororubber ring fixedly connected to the outer side of the insert post, a flow port being provided at one end of the outer shell near the flow port, the outer shell being fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable shell, and the inner side of the outer shell communicating with the guide channel.

[0016] As a further optimization of the present invention, an inner shell is embedded in the inner side of the outer shell, an inner channel is opened on the inner side of the inner shell, a fourth fluororubber ring is fixedly connected to the end of the inner shell away from the insertion post, a spring is fixedly connected to one side of the inner shell, and the outer side of the fourth fluororubber ring is in contact with the inner side of the outer shell.

[0017] A method for using a multi-stage distillation column for the separation of tricresyl phosphite;

[0018] Step 1: During installation, the support frame is fixed on the base plate, and the distillation column is placed inside the support frame by a tower crane. The height between the distillation column and the base plate is determined. The support frame is fixed to the distillation column. The extension tube is welded to the bottom of the distillation column. The movable shell is inserted into the extension tube from bottom to top. The outer shell is aligned with the two second lugs. The outer shell and the second lugs are fixed with bolts. The receiving groove of the receiving shell is fitted on the outside of the movable shell. The inside of the receiving groove is fitted with the outside of the second fluororubber ring. The upper end of the foot is fixed to the receiving shell with bolts. The foot is fixed to the base plate. The right side of the hose is connected to the collection tank.

[0019] Step 2: During use, the distillation column distills tricresol phosphite, and the extract and impurities enter the interior of the receiving tank. Using existing professional software, process simulation and positioning are carried out to control the servo cylinder. The servo cylinder drives the second lug to move. The front second lug drives the entire movable component to move. The rear second lug drives the telescopic rod to extend and retract. The movable shell slides inside the extension cylinder and the receiving tank. The movement of the movable shell drives the extraction switch assembly to move up and down inside the receiving tank. The outer shell drives the extension shell and the water ring vacuum pump to move.

[0020] Step 3: When extracting the finished product, start the water ring vacuum pump. When the water ring vacuum pump is pumping, a negative pressure is generated inside the outer shell. The negative pressure opens the extraction switch assembly. The extractor housing inside the receiving tank enters the guide channel, outer shell and extension shell through the extraction switch assembly, and flows into the collection tank through the hose.

[0021] Step 4: The spring force keeps the inner shell and the insertion post moving. The third fluororubber ring fits against the inner side of the inner channel, sealing the inner shell and the outer shell. The fourth fluororubber ring seals the inner shell and the outer shell. During the extraction process, following the same principle, under the action of negative pressure, the inner shell moves away from the insertion post, and the inner channel separates from the third fluororubber ring. The inside of the receiving groove can be connected to the inner channel through the flow port. The inner channel enters the inside of the outer shell and flows out through the guide channel. The extraction switch assembly is arranged in a circumferential array inside the receiving shell.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. In this invention, the device can control the side discharge position by setting the flow guiding drive component and the moving component. Combined with the adjustable discharge structure and negative pressure suction extraction design, it can effectively avoid the problem of light boiling impurities such as cresol being carried in the upper part of the discharge port, and heavy component impurities and polymerization products being mixed in the lower part of the tower bottom, thus significantly improving the purity and quality of the extracted product.

[0024] 2. In this invention, the precise setting of the side outlet of the device and the synergistic effect of the sealing structure, through the set extraction switch assembly, effectively avoid the mixing of light or heavy impurities in the finished product, significantly improving the purity and quality stability of tricresol phosphite. At the same time, the sealing mechanism prevents the leakage and volatilization of the extract before extraction, reduces material waste and the risk of toxic gas emission, enhances operational safety, ensures the cleanliness of the production environment and the health of personnel, and takes into account both economic and environmental benefits.

[0025] 3. In this invention, the device significantly improves the extraction speed and uniformity through the designed guide channel and extraction switch assembly, effectively avoiding the mixing of impurities caused by excessively fast local flow rates, ensuring higher purity and more stable quality of the finished extract, while reducing material loss and operational risks, and achieving efficient, safe and high-purity extraction of tricresol phosphite. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall exploded structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the flow guiding and driving component of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the active component structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the active component of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the extractor switch assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the extractor switch assembly of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. Distillation column;

[0035] 3. Flow guide drive assembly; 31. Extension tube; 32. First ear seat; 33. Servo electric cylinder; 34. Second ear seat; 35. Telescopic rod;

[0036] 4. Moving components; 41. Moving shell; 42. Outer shell; 43. Extension shell; 44. Water ring vacuum pump; 45. Hoses; 46. First fluororubber ring; 47. Second fluororubber ring; 48. Flow channel;

[0037] 5. Receiving component; 51. Receiving shell; 52. Receiving groove; 53. Valve; 54. Foot;

[0038] 6. Removable switch assembly; 61. Outer housing; 62. Insert post; 63. Third fluororubber ring; 64. Flow port; 65. Inner housing; 66. Inner channel; 67. Fourth fluororubber ring; 68. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0041] Please see Figures 1-8 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0042] A multi-stage distillation column for separating tricresol phosphite and its usage method are disclosed. The column includes a support frame 1 and a distillation column 2. A flow guiding drive assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the distillation column 2. A movable assembly 4 is embedded inside the flow guiding drive assembly 3. A receiving assembly 5 is sleeved on the outside of the flow guiding drive assembly 3. A pull-out switch assembly 6 is fixedly connected inside the receiving assembly 5. The flow guiding drive assembly 3 includes an extension cylinder 31. A first lug 32 is fixedly connected to both the front and rear ends of the extension cylinder 31. A servo electric cylinder 33 is fixedly connected to the inside of the front first lug 32. A second lug 34 is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the servo electric cylinder 33. The movable assembly 4 includes a movable shell 41. An outer shell 42 is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable shell 41. A first fluororubber ring 46 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the movable shell 41. A second fluororubber ring 47 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the movable shell 41. A flow guiding channel 48 is opened inside the movable shell 41.

[0043] As a further implementation of this solution, a distillation column 2 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support frame 1. The bottom end of the distillation column 2 is fixedly connected to the top end of the extension cylinder 31, and the inner side of the distillation column 2 is connected to the inner side of the extension cylinder 31. Through the above settings, the support frame 1 provides a stable installation foundation for the distillation column 2 as a support structure, ensuring that the core component of distillation, the distillation column 2, remains structurally stable during vacuum distillation, avoiding vibration from affecting mass and heat transfer efficiency. The connection design between the distillation column 2 and the extension cylinder 31 ensures that the distilled material can smoothly enter the subsequent separation system.

[0044] As a further implementation of this solution, a telescopic rod 35 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first ear seat 32 at the rear end. The piston rod end of the telescopic rod 35 is fixedly connected to the second ear seat 34 at the rear end. Both the front and rear second ear seats 34 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the outer shell 42. Through the above settings, the telescopic rod 35 and the front and rear second ear seats 34 work together to provide bidirectional stable support when the servo electric cylinder 33 drives the second ear seat 34 to move. This avoids the movable component 4 from shifting or shaking during the adjustment of the movable shell 41. This symmetrical transmission structure ensures the accuracy of the up and down movement of the extraction switch component 6, and provides mechanical protection for positioning the discharge port in the area with the highest concentration of tricresol phosphite, effectively avoiding the problem of decreased purity of the finished product due to positioning deviation.

[0045] As a further implementation of this solution, an extension shell 43 is fixedly connected to the right side of the outer shell 42. A first through hole is opened on the outer shell 42 near the extension shell 43. The inner side of the outer shell 42 is connected to the inner side of the extension shell 43 through the first through hole. A water ring vacuum pump 44 is fixedly connected to the right side of the extension shell 43. A hose 45 is fixedly connected to the right side of the water ring vacuum pump 44. The inner side of the outer shell 42 is connected to the guide channel 48. Through the above settings, the first through hole realizes efficient communication between the outer shell 42 and the extension shell 43, providing a smooth path for material transmission. The water ring vacuum pump 44, as a negative pressure suction component, can quickly form a stable negative pressure environment in the system in conjunction with the cavity structure of the extension shell 43 and the outer shell 42. This negative pressure suction design not only speeds up the extraction of finished products, but also avoids material overflow that may occur during positive pressure extraction. At the same time, the flexible hose 45 ensures the sealing of material transmission without affecting the movement of components, reducing the loss of toxic materials and environmental risks.

[0046] As a further implementation of this solution, the upper end of the movable shell 41 extends to the inner side of the extension cylinder 31, the outer side of the first fluororubber ring 46 is fitted with the inner side of the extension cylinder 31, and the inner side of the movable shell 41 is connected to the inner side of the extension cylinder 31. Through the above arrangement, the nested structure of the movable shell 41 and the extension cylinder 31 provides a stable sliding basis for subsequent adjustment of the outlet height. The fitting design of the first fluororubber ring 46 realizes the sealing of the connection between the two, effectively preventing the negative pressure environment inside the column from being destroyed during the distillation process, ensuring the stable operation of the vacuum distillation process. At the same time, the sealing structure avoids the material from being retained and deteriorated in the gap between the movable shell 41 and the extension cylinder 31, reducing the generation of impurities and indirectly improving the quality of the finished product. Furthermore, the connection design between the movable shell 41 and the extension cylinder 31 ensures the continuity of material transmission.

[0047] As a further implementation of this solution, the receiving component 5 includes a receiving shell 51, with a receiving groove 52 opened on the inner side of the receiving shell 51. A second through hole is opened near the lower end of the receiving shell 51, and a valve 53 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the receiving shell 51. The second through hole of the receiving shell 51 is aligned vertically with the valve port of the valve 53. A foot 54 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the receiving shell 51. Through the above configuration, the receiving groove 52 serves as a material concentration cavity, providing space for the temporary storage of extracts and impurities after distillation, which facilitates subsequent precise separation. The alignment design of the second through hole with the valve port of the valve 53 allows heavy component impurities deposited at the bottom of the column to be quickly discharged through the valve 53, avoiding the accumulation of impurities in the cavity and contaminating the finished product. The fixing effect of the foot 54 on the receiving shell 51 improves the overall structural stability, prevents component displacement caused by the gravity of the material, and ensures the accuracy of subsequent outlet adjustment.

[0048] As a further implementation of this solution, a movable shell 41 is embedded inside the receiving tank 52, and the outer side of the second fluororubber ring 47 is fitted with the inner side of the receiving tank 52. A gap is left between the top of the receiving shell 51 and the bottom of the extension cylinder 31. Through the above arrangement, the fitting design of the second fluororubber ring 47 achieves a reliable seal between the movable shell 41 and the receiving tank 52, preventing material leakage from the gap during the adjustment process and reducing the risk of toxic material release. The gap between the receiving shell 51 and the extension cylinder 31 provides sufficient space for the up and down movement of the movable shell 41, avoiding motion interference between components and ensuring the smooth operation of the discharge port height adjustment mechanism. At the same time, this gap design also facilitates the installation and subsequent maintenance of the equipment, improving the ease of operation.

[0049] As a further implementation of this solution, the extraction switch assembly 6 includes an outer shell 61, with a post 62 fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer shell 61 and a third fluororubber ring 63 fixedly connected to the outer side of the post 62. The outer shell 61 has a flow port 64 at one end near the flow port 64. The outer shell 61 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable shell 41, and the inner side of the outer shell 61 is connected to the guide channel 48. Through the above arrangement, the fixed connection between the outer shell 61 and the movable shell 41 allows the extraction switch assembly 6 to move synchronously and accurately with the movable shell 41, ensuring that the discharge port is always aligned with the tricresol phosphite enrichment area. The basic sealing structure formed by the post 62 and the third fluororubber ring 63 can effectively block the material flow in the non-extraction state, preventing the extract from volatilizing or overflowing. The flow port 64 serves as a material flow channel, and its opening position and connection with the guide channel 48 ensure the high efficiency of finished product extraction. At the same time, the integrated structure reduces the material transmission resistance and improves the extraction efficiency.

[0050] As a further implementation of this solution, an inner shell 65 is embedded inside the outer shell 61. An inner channel 66 is formed inside the inner shell 65. A fourth fluororubber ring 67 is fixedly connected to the end of the inner shell 65 away from the insertion post 62. A spring 68 is fixedly connected to one side of the inner shell 65. The outer side of the fourth fluororubber ring 67 fits against the inner side of the outer shell 61. Through the above arrangement, the elastic force of the spring 68 ensures that the third fluororubber ring 63 and the inner channel 66 are tightly fitted in the non-extraction state. Combined with the double sealing design of the fourth fluororubber ring 67, a large... The sealing performance of the extraction switch assembly 6 has been significantly improved, effectively preventing material leakage and the escape of toxic gases. During extraction, the negative pressure can easily drive the inner shell 65 to move and open the channel. This negative pressure control opening and closing method is responsive and precise, avoiding the delay and error of manual operation. The fit design between the fourth fluororubber ring 67 and the outer shell 61 ensures sealing while reducing the frictional resistance when the inner shell 65 moves, extending the service life of the components. The circumferential array of extraction switch assemblies 6 can also improve the uniformity of suction and prevent impurities from mixing in.

[0051] Workflow: During installation, first, fix the support frame 1 onto the base plate. Place the distillation column 2 inside the support frame 1 using a tower crane. Determine the height between the distillation column 2 and the base plate. Fix the support frame 1 and the distillation column 2 by welding. Weld the extension tube 31 to the bottom of the distillation column 2. Insert the movable shell 41 into the extension tube 31 from bottom to top until the outer shell 42 is aligned with the two second lugs 34. Then, fix the outer shell 42 and the second lugs 34 with bolts. Next, fit the receiving groove 52 of the receiving shell 51 onto the outside of the movable shell 41. At this time, the inside of the receiving groove 52 is in contact with the outside of the second fluororubber ring 47. Fix the upper end of the foot 54 to the receiving shell 51 with bolts. Then fix the foot 54 onto the base plate. Connect the right side of the hose 45 to the collection tank to complete the installation.

[0052] In operation, tricresol phosphite is distilled through distillation column 2. The resulting extract and impurities are collected inside the containment tank 52. During extract collection, process simulation is performed using specialized software, such as AspenPlus process simulation software commonly used in industry. First, basic data such as the component content of the crude tricresol phosphite, the reduced pressure parameters set in the distillation system, and the number of trays or packing height are entered. A standard distillation process is simulated to obtain the component distribution data for each tray or packing layer within the column. Since the optimal outlet needs to be located in the area with the highest tricresol phosphite concentration, the simulation results can accurately pinpoint the tray or packing height corresponding to that area. Then, the servo cylinder 33 is controlled, which moves the second lug 34. The ear seat 34 drives the movable component 4 to move as a whole. At this time, the second ear seat 34 at the rear end drives the telescopic rod 35 to extend and retract. The telescopic rod 35 can improve the stability of the movable component 4 when it moves. The movable shell 41 slides inside the extension cylinder 31 and the receiving shell 51. The first fluororubber ring 46 plays a role in sealing the movable shell 41 and the extension cylinder 31. The second fluororubber ring 47 plays a role in sealing the movable shell 41 and the receiving shell 51. The outer shell 42 can prevent the movable shell 41 from moving excessively. The movement of the movable shell 41 drives the extraction switch component 6 to move up and down inside the receiving groove 52. At the same time, the outer shell 42 drives the extension shell 43 and the water ring vacuum pump 44 to move. The material of the hose 45 is relatively soft and does not affect normal movement. Thus, the extraction switch component 6 is controlled to be located on the horizontal plane inside the receiving groove 52.

[0053] When extracting the finished product, the water ring vacuum pump 44 is started. When the water ring vacuum pump 44 is pumped, a negative pressure is generated inside the outer shell 42. Under the action of the negative pressure, the extraction switch assembly 6 is opened. At this time, the extractor shell inside the receiving tank 52 enters the guide channel 48, the outer shell 42 and the extension shell 43 through the extraction switch assembly 6, and flows into the collection tank through the hose 45. This method of extracting the finished product can prevent light boiling impurities such as cresol that are not completely separated, as well as heavy component impurities and polymerization products enriched at the bottom of the tower, from being extracted at the same time, which significantly improves the purity of the extracted finished product and improves the quality of the finished product.

[0054] When the extracted product is not being extracted and to prevent the extract from moving outwards, the spring force of spring 68 keeps the inner shell 65 moving towards the insertion post 62. This causes the third fluororubber ring 63 to fit against the inner side of the inner channel 66, sealing the inner shell 65 and outer shell 61. The fourth fluororubber ring 67 also seals the inner shell 65 and outer shell 61, preventing flow inside the extraction switch assembly 6. Simultaneously, the sealing also prevents the extract from overflowing from the movable shell 41 and the receiving groove 52, improving safety and reducing waste. During extraction, the same principle applies under negative pressure. Under the action of the internal shell 65, the internal channel 66 moves away from the insertion post 62 until the internal channel 66 disengages from the third fluororubber ring 63. At this time, the inside of the receiving groove 52 can be connected to the internal channel 66 through the flow port 64, enter the inside of the outer shell 61 through the internal channel 66, and then flow out through the guide channel 48. At the same time, the extraction switch assembly 6 is arranged in a circumferential array inside the receiving shell 51. This arrangement can not only improve the speed and uniformity of extract extraction, but also significantly reduce the mixing of impurities with the finished extract near the middle position due to the excessively fast local flow rate of the extract, which would lead to a decrease in purity.

[0055] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage distillation column for separating tricresyl phosphite, comprising a support frame (1) and a distillation column (2), characterized in that: The distillation column (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of a flow guiding drive assembly (3), and a movable assembly (4) is embedded inside the flow guiding drive assembly (3). A receiving assembly (5) is sleeved on the outside of the flow guiding drive assembly (3), and a pull-out switch assembly (6) is fixedly connected inside the receiving assembly (5). The flow guide drive assembly (3) includes an extension tube (31), with a first ear seat (32) fixedly connected to both the front and rear ends of the extension tube (31). A servo electric cylinder (33) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first ear seat (32) at the front end, and a second ear seat (34) is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the servo electric cylinder (33). The movable component (4) includes a movable shell (41), an outer shell (42) is fixedly connected to the outside of the movable shell (41), a first fluororubber ring (46) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the movable shell (41), a second fluororubber ring (47) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the movable shell (41), a guide channel (48) is provided on the inner side of the movable shell (41), a telescopic rod (35) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first ear seat (32) at the rear end, the piston rod end of the telescopic rod (35) is fixedly connected to the second ear seat (34) at the rear end, and both the front end and the rear end of the second ear seat (34) are connected to... The outer shell (42) is fixedly connected to the outside, and an extension shell (43) is fixedly connected to the right side of the outer shell (42). A first through hole is opened on the outer shell (42) near the extension shell (43). The inner side of the outer shell (42) communicates with the inner side of the extension shell (43) through the first through hole. A water ring vacuum pump (44) is fixedly connected to the right side of the extension shell (43). A hose (45) is fixedly connected to the right side of the water ring vacuum pump (44). The inner side of the outer shell (42) communicates with the guide channel (48). The upper end of the movable shell (41) extends to the inner side of the extension cylinder (31). The first fluororubber ring... (46) The outer side is fitted to the inner side of the extension tube (31), and the inner side of the movable shell (41) is connected to the inner side of the extension tube (31). The receiving assembly (5) includes a receiving shell (51), and a receiving groove (52) is provided on the inner side of the receiving shell (51). A second through hole is provided near the lower end of the receiving shell (51). A valve (53) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the receiving shell (51). The second through hole of the receiving shell (51) is aligned vertically with the valve port of the valve (53). A foot (54) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the receiving shell (51). The movable shell (41) is embedded in the inner side of the receiving groove (52). The outer side of the second fluororubber ring (47) is fitted with the inner side of the receiving groove (52). There is a gap between the top of the receiving shell (51) and the bottom of the extension tube (31). The extraction switch assembly (6) includes an outer shell (61). A plug (62) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer shell (61). A third fluororubber ring (63) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the plug (62). A flow port (64) is opened at one end of the outer shell (61) near the flow port (64). The outer shell (61) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the movable shell (41). The inner side of the outer shell (61) is connected to the guide channel (48).

2. The multi-stage distillation column for separating tricresyl phosphite according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (1) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the distillation column (2), the bottom end of the distillation column (2) is fixedly connected to the top end of the extension cylinder (31), and the inner side of the distillation column (2) is connected to the inner side of the extension cylinder (31).

3. The multi-stage distillation column for separating tricresyl phosphite according to claim 2, characterized in that: An inner shell (65) is embedded in the inner side of the outer shell (61). An inner channel (66) is opened on the inner side of the inner shell (65). A fourth fluororubber ring (67) is fixedly connected to one end of the inner shell (65) away from the insertion post (62). A spring (68) is fixedly connected to one side of the inner shell (65). The outer side of the fourth fluororubber ring (67) is in contact with the inner side of the outer shell (61).

4. A method of using a multi-stage distillation column for separating tricresyl phosphite as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Step 1: During installation, the support frame (1) is fixed on the base plate, the distillation column (2) is placed inside the support frame (1) by the tower crane, the height between the distillation column (2) and the base plate is determined, the support frame (1) and the distillation column (2) are fixed together, the extension tube (31) is welded to the bottom of the distillation column (2), the movable shell (41) is inserted into the inside of the extension tube (31) from bottom to top, the outer shell (42) is aligned with the two second ear seats (34), the outer shell (42) and the second ear seats (34) are fixed together by bolts, the receiving groove (52) opened in the receiving shell (51) is fitted on the outside of the movable shell (41), the inside of the receiving groove (52) is attached to the outside of the second fluororubber ring (47), the upper end of the foot seat (54) is fixed to the receiving shell (51) by bolts, the foot seat (54) is fixed on the base plate, and the right side of the hose (45) is connected to the collection tank; Step 2: During use, the distillation column (2) distills tricresol phosphite, and the extract and impurities enter the interior of the container tank (52). The process simulation positioning is carried out with the help of existing professional software, and the servo cylinder (33) is controlled. The servo cylinder (33) drives the second ear seat (34) to move. The front second ear seat (34) drives the moving component (4) to move as a whole. The rear second ear seat (34) drives the telescopic rod (35) to extend and retract. The moving shell (41) slides on the inside of the extension cylinder (31) and the container shell (51). The movement of the moving shell (41) drives the extraction switch component (6) to move up and down inside the container tank (52). The outer shell (42) drives the extension shell (43) and the water ring vacuum pump (44) to move. Step 3: When extracting the finished product, start the water ring vacuum pump (44). When the water ring vacuum pump (44) is pumping, a negative pressure is generated inside the outer shell (42). The negative pressure opens the extraction switch assembly (6), and the extract inside the receiving tank (52) can enter the guide channel (48), outer shell (42) and extension shell (43) through the extraction switch assembly (6), and flow into the collection tank through the hose (45); Step 4: The elastic force of the spring (68) keeps the inner shell (65) and the plug (62) moving. The third fluororubber ring (63) fits against the inner side of the inner channel (66). The third fluororubber ring (63) seals the inner shell (65) and the outer shell (61). The fourth fluororubber ring (67) seals the inner shell (65) and the outer shell (61). During the extraction process, according to the above principle, under the action of negative pressure, the inner shell (65) moves away from the plug (62). The inner channel (66) separates from the third fluororubber ring (63). The inside of the receiving groove (52) can be connected to the inner channel (66) through the flow port (64). The inner channel (66) enters the inside of the outer shell (61) and flows out through the guide channel (48). The extraction switch assembly (6) is arranged in a circumferential array inside the receiving shell (51).

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