A laser cutting device for ceramic abrasive cloth used in the manufacture of ceramic grinding discs.

Abstract

This invention discloses a laser cutting device for ceramic abrasive cloth used in the manufacture of ceramic grinding discs, relating to the field of laser cutting technology. The device includes: a base with an adsorption seat; a feeding roller assembly for feeding ceramic abrasive cloth; a three-dimensional adjustment assembly positioned above the ceramic abrasive cloth, the three-dimensional adjustment assembly having a three-dimensional adjustment end; a laser cutting assembly positioned at the three-dimensional adjustment end, the laser cutting assembly being used to cut the ceramic abrasive cloth with a circular motion trajectory to form circular ceramic abrasive cloth and waste material; and a take-up roller assembly for taking up the waste material. The laser cutting assembly is configured to: pre-process the area of ​​the ceramic abrasive cloth to be cut before the actual cutting; and receive an adjustment signal generated based on the pre-processing, and adjust the laser power for the actual cutting according to the adjustment signal. This device has a high degree of automation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and specifically to a laser cutting device for ceramic abrasive cloth used in the manufacture of ceramic grinding discs. Background Technology

[0002] Ceramic grinding discs are an important grinding tool widely used in machining, surface treatment, and other fields. A key step in their manufacturing process is to use laser cutting to cut rolled ceramic abrasive cloth into circular blanks of a specific diameter.

[0003] Currently, laser cutting equipment for ceramic abrasive cloth typically uses a constant-power laser beam for cutting, combined with a vacuum adsorption platform to fix the material and ensure flatness during the cutting process. Although this technical solution meets production needs to a certain extent, it still has some shortcomings in practical applications.

[0004] First, ceramic abrasive cloth inevitably exhibits variations depending on the batch, production process, and even different locations within the same roll. Current technology cannot detect these material property fluctuations during the cutting process; therefore, a single constant power setting cannot simultaneously meet the optimal cutting conditions for all areas. This directly leads to incomplete cuts in areas with thicker or denser materials, while in areas with thinner or less dense materials, excessive energy results in defects such as over-ablation and increased burrs.

[0005] Secondly, the local high temperature during laser cutting will cause thermal stress in the ceramic abrasive cloth, resulting in slight warping or deformation of the material. Existing technologies usually use a uniform adsorption method to fix the material, but this static adsorption force cannot actively suppress and compensate for the dynamic thermal deformation.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a laser cutting device for ceramic abrasive cloth for manufacturing ceramic grinding discs to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser cutting device for ceramic abrasive cloth used in the manufacture of ceramic grinding discs, comprising: A base, on which an adsorption seat is provided; Feed roller assembly for feeding ceramic abrasive cloth; A three-dimensional adjustment component is disposed above the ceramic abrasive cloth, and the three-dimensional adjustment component has a three-dimensional adjustment end; A laser cutting component is disposed at the three-dimensional adjustment end. The laser cutting component is used to cut the ceramic abrasive cloth with a circular motion trajectory to form a circular ceramic abrasive cloth and waste material. A take-up roller assembly for winding up the waste material; The laser cutting component is configured to: pre-process the area to be cut of the ceramic abrasive cloth before the actual cutting; and receive an adjustment signal generated based on the pre-processing, and adjust the laser power of the actual cutting according to the adjustment signal.

[0008] Furthermore, preferably, the laser cutting assembly includes: The laser cutting head has adjustable cutting power; A telescopic rod is horizontally set and connected to one side of the laser cutting head; An angle adjustment component is disposed at the output end of the telescopic rod, and the angle adjustment component has an angle adjustment end; A pre-processing component is disposed at the angle adjustment end. The pre-processing component is configured to pre-process the area to be cut of the ceramic abrasive cloth and output an adjustment signal for adjusting the power of the laser cutting head.

[0009] Furthermore, preferably, the angle adjustment component includes: Mounting base one is fixed to the output end of the telescopic rod; The swivel base, serving as the angle adjustment end of the angle adjustment component, is rotatably mounted in the first mounting base. The gear is fixed below the rotating base; A rack is slidably disposed below the mounting base one in a horizontal direction. The rack meshes with the gear to drive the rotating base to rotate.

[0010] Furthermore, preferably, the preprocessing components include a probe laser and a spectrometer; The detection laser is configured to emit a short-acting, low-energy laser pulse. The laser pulse acts on the area to be cut of the ceramic abrasive cloth, causing the material in a localized, tiny area to vaporize instantaneously, thereby generating a plasma optical signal. The spectrometer is configured to capture and analyze the plasma light signal to obtain information characterizing the material properties of the area to be cut, and to generate an adjustment signal based on the information for adjusting the power of the laser cutting head.

[0011] Furthermore, preferably, the adsorption seat includes: The seat body has multiple buffer compartments. The suction chamber is installed below the base and connected to an external negative pressure suction device; A branch pipe is connected between the buffer chamber and the suction chamber, and a solenoid valve is installed in the branch pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, preferably, the area that the laser cutting component is about to reach is predicted based on its current position and direction of movement; The solenoid valve is configured to: generate an enhanced adsorption force within the buffer chamber of the predicted region by controlling the solenoid valve corresponding to the predicted region; and generate a weakened adsorption force on the side opposite to the predicted region.

[0013] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a top plate is fixed above the seat, and a negative pressure space is formed between the top plate and the upper surface of the seat. Micropores are evenly distributed on the top plate.

[0014] Furthermore, preferably, the feed roller assembly and the take-up roller assembly have the same structure; The feed roller assembly includes: Mounting base two is disposed on the base; The rotating roller is rotatably mounted on the second mounting base and is driven by a motor; The tension roller and guide roller are rotatably mounted on the second mounting base; The ceramic abrasive cloth passes sequentially around the tension roller and the guide roller, and is laid horizontally above the adsorption seat and below the laser cutting assembly.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a laser cutting device for ceramic abrasive cloth in ceramic grinding disc manufacturing, which has the following beneficial effects: In this invention, the material properties of the area to be cut are analyzed by a pre-processing component, and the laser power is dynamically adjusted accordingly. This adaptive method can effectively address the material inconsistency of ceramic abrasive cloth caused by batches, coatings, and other factors, reducing defects such as incomplete cutting or excessive ablation, thereby ensuring the consistency of cut quality between different products.

[0016] In this invention, the adsorption seat employs zoned dynamic negative pressure control, enhancing the adsorption force in front of the cutting path to suppress material thermal deformation and creating conditions for increasing cutting speed. Simultaneously, the fully automated design from material feeding to waste material winding ensures production continuity, reduces manual intervention, and improves overall operational efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main structure of a laser cutting device for ceramic abrasive cloth used in the manufacture of ceramic grinding discs; Figure 2 A top view schematic diagram of a laser cutting device for ceramic abrasive cloth used in the manufacture of ceramic grinding discs; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a laser cutting device for ceramic abrasive cloth used in the manufacture of ceramic grinding discs; Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the feed roller assembly; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the adsorption seat. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the laser cutting component; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the laser cutting head and pretreatment components on circular trajectories of different radii; In the diagram: 1. Feeding roller assembly; 2. Receiving roller assembly; 3. Ceramic abrasive cloth; 4. Adsorption seat; 5. Base; 6. Three-dimensional adjustment assembly; 7. Laser cutting assembly; 11. Mounting seat two; 12. Rotary roller; 13. Tensioning roller; 14. Guide roller; 41. Seat body; 42. Suction chamber; 43. Branch pipe; 44. Buffer chamber; 45. Top plate; 46. Negative pressure space; 71. Laser cutting head; 72. Telescopic rod; 73. Mounting seat one; 74. Rotary seat; 75. Gear; 76. Rack; 77. Pre-treatment assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate; this is merely a way of distinguishing objects with the same attributes in the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to those processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0019] Example: In this embodiment of the invention, please refer to... Figures 1-7 A laser cutting device for ceramic abrasive cloth used in the manufacture of ceramic grinding discs is provided, comprising: Base 5, on which an adsorption seat 4 is provided; Feed roller assembly 1 is used to supply ceramic abrasive cloth 3; A three-dimensional adjustment component 6 is disposed above the ceramic abrasive cloth 3, and the three-dimensional adjustment component 6 has a three-dimensional adjustment end; A laser cutting component 7 is disposed at the three-dimensional adjustment end. The laser cutting component 7 is used to cut the ceramic abrasive cloth 3 with a circular motion trajectory to form a circular ceramic abrasive cloth and waste material. Take-up roller assembly 2 is used to take up the waste material; The laser cutting component 7 is configured to: pre-process the area to be cut of the ceramic abrasive cloth 3 before the actual cutting; and receive an adjustment signal generated based on the pre-processing, and adjust the laser power of the actual cutting according to the adjustment signal.

[0020] This equipment first continuously and stably supplies rolled ceramic abrasive cloth 3 to the area below the laser cutting component 7 via the feeding roller assembly 1. After cutting, the circular ceramic abrasive cloth is gripped and transported to the finished product station by an external robotic arm, while the waste material is wound up by the take-up roller assembly 2. This achieves full automation from material feeding to waste recycling, ensuring continuous production. It should be noted that the waste material is in a continuous state to facilitate the winding up by the take-up roller assembly 2.

[0021] The laser cutting component 7 is mounted on the adjustment end of the three-dimensional adjustment component 6, enabling precise positioning of the laser cutting component 7 in three-dimensional space. By controlling the movement of the three-dimensional adjustment component 6, the laser cutting component 7 can cut the ceramic abrasive cloth 3 according to a preset circular motion trajectory, thereby obtaining a circular ceramic abrasive cloth of the desired shape. The three-dimensional adjustment component 6 is used to achieve precise positioning of the laser cutting component 7 in three-dimensional space (e.g., X, Y, Z axes). In specific implementations, various mature technical solutions can be adopted. For example, it can be a combination of a ball screw mechanism driven by a servo motor and a linear guide, a multi-axis linkage industrial robot arm, or a module composed of multiple precision electric cylinders, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0022] It is worth mentioning that before the actual cutting begins, the laser cutting component 7 first pre-processes the area to be cut on the ceramic abrasive cloth 3. The purpose of this pre-processing is to determine the physical characteristics of the area to be cut, such as key parameters like material thickness. Based on the results of the pre-processing, an adjustment signal is generated. This signal reflects the laser power parameters required to achieve the best cutting effect. The laser cutting component 7 receives this adjustment signal and adjusts its laser power dynamically and in real time during the actual cutting. Of course, the laser power is not adjusted whenever there is a fluctuation in the physical properties of the material; rather, intervention only occurs when the fluctuation exceeds a threshold range.

[0023] It should be explained that ceramic abrasive cloth, as a composite material, may vary due to factors such as batch size and coating thickness. Traditional constant-power cutting may result in some areas not cutting through and others being over-burned, affecting product quality. This equipment, by adjusting the power, ensures optimal cut quality regardless of fluctuations in material properties, significantly improving product consistency and yield.

[0024] Furthermore, considering production efficiency, when the material properties of the ceramic abrasive cloth 3 are detected to be highly uniform, the system can automatically switch to a constant power cutting mode. In this mode, the laser cutting component 7 only needs to perform a pre-processing step at the beginning of the cutting process to calibrate the power value, and then complete the cutting of the entire circular trajectory with this constant power. This eliminates the need for frequent power adjustments during the process, effectively simplifying the control logic and improving the operating speed.

[0025] Specifically, the laser cutting assembly 7 includes: The laser cutting head 71 has adjustable cutting power; The telescopic rod 72 is horizontally set and connected to one side of the laser cutting head 71; An angle adjustment component is disposed at the output end of the telescopic rod 72, and the angle adjustment component has an angle adjustment end; A pre-processing component 77 is disposed at the angle adjustment end. The pre-processing component 77 is configured to pre-process the area to be cut of the ceramic abrasive cloth 3 and output an adjustment signal for adjusting the power of the laser cutting head 71.

[0026] The circular motion trajectory of the laser cutting component 7 is driven by the three-dimensional adjustment component 6. The three-dimensional adjustment component 6 determines the center position and radius of the cutting circle, and drives the laser cutting head 71 and the pre-processing component 77 to perform synchronous circular motion as a whole.

[0027] Because the pre-processing component 77 needs to detect the area that the laser cutting head 71 is about to reach during actual cutting, there must be an adjustable spatial relationship between the two. If the two are rigidly connected, they will be located on two concentric circles with different radii.

[0028] The angle adjustment component, together with the telescopic rod 72, can realize the position adjustment of the pretreatment component 77. The telescopic rod 72 can be any one of a servo electric push rod, a hydraulic cylinder, or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0029] Specifically, the angle adjustment component includes: Mounting base 73 is fixed to the output end of the telescopic rod 72; Rotary seat 74, serving as the angle adjustment end of the angle adjustment assembly, is rotatably mounted in mounting base 73; Gear 75 is fixed below the rotary base 74; A rack 76 is slidably disposed below the mounting base 73 in a horizontal direction. The rack 76 meshes with the gear 75 to drive the rotating base 74 to rotate.

[0030] When an external driving force causes the rack 76 to slide horizontally, its teeth will push the gear 75, which meshes with it, to rotate. Since the gear 75 is fixedly connected to the rotating base 74, the rotation of the gear directly drives the rotating base 74 to rotate angularly within the mounting base 73.

[0031] It should also be noted that the rotary base 74 has a certain physical length. When the rotary base 74 rotates around its axis of rotation, its end (i.e., the position where the pretreatment component 77 is installed) will trace an arc. This arc motion will produce a displacement component in the radial direction. By controlling the rotation angle of the rotary base 74, the radial position of its end can be controlled.

[0032] In practical operation, a coarse adjustment is first made using the telescopic rod 72 to roughly position the pretreatment component 77 at a radius similar to that of the laser cutting head 71. Then, the angle adjustment component is activated, driving the rotary table 74 to rotate at a precise angle through the transmission of gear 75 and rack 76. This rotation causes a small radial displacement at the end of the pretreatment component 77, ultimately placing it precisely on a circular trajectory with the same radius as the laser cutting head 71.

[0033] In this embodiment, the preprocessing component 77 includes a detection laser and a spectrometer; The detection laser is configured to emit a low-energy laser pulse that acts instantaneously. The laser pulse acts on the area to be cut of the ceramic abrasive cloth 3, causing the material in a localized micro-area to vaporize instantaneously, thereby generating a plasma optical signal. The spectrometer is configured to capture and analyze the plasma light signal to obtain information characterizing the material properties of the area to be cut, and to generate an adjustment signal based on the information for adjusting the power of the laser cutting head 71.

[0034] It needs to be explained that atoms and ions in plasma are in an excited state at high temperatures, and they emit light of specific wavelengths as they return to a lower energy state. A spectrometer captures these light signals through a collecting lens system and directs them to a spectroscopic element. The spectroscopic element decomposes the composite light according to wavelength, forming a spectral line containing bright lines of different colors (wavelengths), i.e., the emission spectrum. The analytical system inside the spectrometer processes the acquired emission spectrum to obtain information characterizing the material properties.

[0035] Furthermore, by analyzing the intensity of the characteristic spectral lines of each element, the relative content or concentration of each element can be inferred. For example, changes in the intensity of the carbon element spectral line may reflect fluctuations in the binder content; while the intensity ratio of certain ceramic element spectral lines may be related to the density or sintering process of the ceramic. By comparing these spectral data with a pre-established database (which stores the correspondence between different material properties and spectral signals), the specific composition, material density, and other key physical properties of the area to be cut can be accurately obtained, and the power of the laser cutting head 71 can be adjusted based on this information.

[0036] In this embodiment, the adsorption seat 4 includes: Seat 41, wherein multiple buffer chambers 44 are provided on the seat 41; The suction chamber 42 is installed below the base 41 and is connected to an external negative pressure suction device; Branch pipe 43 is connected between the buffer chamber 44 and the suction chamber 42, and a solenoid valve is installed in branch pipe 43.

[0037] Based on the current position and direction of movement of the laser cutting head 71, the area it is about to reach is predicted; The solenoid valve is configured to: control the solenoid valve corresponding to the predicted area to create an enhanced adsorption force within the buffer chamber 44 of the predicted area. This instantly increases the negative pressure within the buffer chamber 44, forming a strong adsorption anchor point. The function of this anchor point is to firmly fix the ceramic abrasive cloth 3 in the area to be cut before the laser head arrives, resisting the upcoming cutting thermal stress and preventing the material from warping or shifting due to heat; and to create a weakened adsorption force on the side opposite to the predicted area, allowing the cut and separated circular ceramic abrasive cloth portion to be slightly released, thereby avoiding excessive adsorption of waste material that could cause pulling, stress, or adhesion at the cutting end of the circular ceramic abrasive cloth.

[0038] Furthermore, a top plate 45 is fixed above the seat 41, and a negative pressure space 46 is formed between the top plate 45 and the upper surface of the seat 41. Micropores are evenly distributed on the top plate 45.

[0039] When the external negative pressure suction device is working, the air pressure within the entire negative pressure space 46 will decrease. Due to atmospheric pressure, the ceramic abrasive cloth 3 laid on the top plate 45 will be evenly pressed onto the surface of the top plate 45; it can be understood that each buffer chamber 44 is a sub-region of the negative pressure space 46. When the opening degree of the solenoid valve in a certain sub-region increases, it not only directly enhances the suction of that buffer chamber 44, but more importantly, it locally and significantly reduces the air pressure in the corresponding area of ​​the negative pressure space 46 of that buffer chamber 44.

[0040] In this embodiment, the feeding roller assembly 1 and the receiving roller assembly 2 have the same structure; The feed roller assembly 1 includes: Mounting base 2 11 is disposed on the base 5; The rotating roller 12 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 11 and is driven by a motor; The tension roller 13 and the guide roller 14 are rotatably mounted on the mounting base 11. The ceramic abrasive cloth 3 passes around the tension roller 13 and the guide roller 14 in sequence, and is laid horizontally above the adsorption seat 4 and below the laser cutting assembly 7.

[0041] In the feed roller assembly 1, the motor-driven rotary roller 12 provides active rotational force, smoothly unwinding the rolled ceramic abrasive cloth 3. The tension roller 13 ensures that the ceramic abrasive cloth 3 is always taut, and the guide roller 14 is responsible for determining the final conveying path of the ceramic abrasive cloth 3. It guides the abrasive cloth, after being taut by the tension roller 13, to below the laser cutting assembly 7. By adjusting the spatial position of the guide roller 14, it can be ensured that the ceramic abrasive cloth 3 is laid horizontally above the adsorption seat 4 and below the laser cutting assembly 7.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting device for ceramic abrasive cloth used in the manufacture of ceramic grinding discs, characterized in that, include: Base (5), on which an adsorption seat (4) is provided; Feeding roller assembly (1) is used to supply ceramic abrasive cloth (3); A three-dimensional adjustment component (6) is disposed above the ceramic abrasive cloth (3), and the three-dimensional adjustment component (6) has a three-dimensional adjustment end; A laser cutting component (7) is disposed at the three-dimensional adjustment end. The laser cutting component (7) is used to cut the ceramic abrasive cloth (3) with a circular motion trajectory to form a circular ceramic abrasive cloth and waste. The take-up roller assembly (2) is used to take up the waste material; The laser cutting component (7) is configured to: pre-process the area to be cut of the ceramic abrasive cloth (3) before formal cutting; and receive an adjustment signal generated based on the pre-processing, and adjust the laser power of the formal cutting according to the adjustment signal. The laser cutting assembly (7) includes: The laser cutting head (71) has adjustable cutting power; A telescopic rod (72) is horizontally set and connected to one side of the laser cutting head (71); An angle adjustment component is disposed at the output end of the telescopic rod (72), and the angle adjustment component has an angle adjustment end; A pre-processing component (77) is disposed at the angle adjustment end. The pre-processing component (77) is configured to pre-process the area to be cut of the ceramic abrasive cloth (3) and output an adjustment signal for adjusting the power of the laser cutting head (71). The angle adjustment component includes: Mounting base 1 (73) is fixed to the output end of the telescopic rod (72); The swivel (74), serving as the angle adjustment end of the angle adjustment assembly, is rotatably mounted in the mounting base (73); Gear (75) is fixed below the rotating base (74); A rack (76) is slidably disposed below the mounting base (73) in the horizontal direction. The rack (76) meshes with the gear (75) to drive the rotating base (74) to rotate. The adsorption seat (4) includes: The seat (41) has multiple buffer compartments (44) on it. The suction chamber (42) is installed below the base (41) and connected to an external negative pressure suction device; A branch pipe (43) is connected between the buffer chamber (44) and the suction chamber (42), and a solenoid valve is provided in the branch pipe (43); Based on the current position and direction of motion of the laser cutting component (7), predict the area it is about to reach; The solenoid valve is configured to: generate an enhanced adsorption force in the buffer chamber (44) of the predicted area by controlling the solenoid valve corresponding to the predicted area; and generate a weakened adsorption force on the side opposite to the predicted area.

2. The ceramic abrasive cloth laser cutting equipment for manufacturing ceramic grinding discs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preprocessing component (77) includes a probe laser and a spectrometer; The detection laser is configured to emit a low-energy laser pulse that acts instantaneously. The laser pulse acts on the area to be cut of the ceramic abrasive cloth (3), causing the material in a local micro-area to vaporize instantaneously, so as to generate a plasma light signal. The spectrometer is configured to capture and analyze the plasma light signal to obtain information characterizing the material properties of the area to be cut, and to generate an adjustment signal based on the information for adjusting the power of the laser cutting head (71).

3. The laser cutting equipment for ceramic abrasive cloth used in ceramic grinding disc manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A top plate (45) is fixed above the seat (41), and a negative pressure space (46) is formed between the top plate (45) and the upper surface of the seat (41). Micropores are evenly distributed on the top plate (45).

4. The laser cutting equipment for ceramic abrasive cloth used in ceramic grinding disc manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding roller assembly (1) and the receiving roller assembly (2) have the same structure; The feed roller assembly (1) includes: Mounting base 2 (11) is disposed on the base (5); The rotating roller (12) is rotatably mounted on the second mounting base (11) and driven by a motor; The tension roller (13) and guide roller (14) are rotatably mounted on the second mounting base (11); The ceramic abrasive cloth (3) passes around the tension roller (13) and the guide roller (14) in sequence, and is laid horizontally above the adsorption seat (4) and below the laser cutting assembly (7).

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