Welding fixture and process for open thin-walled components

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of welding positioning device and process method of open thin-walled component, the device includes flexible dot matrix support rod base, clamping plate fixed support and pre-welding clamping structure, wherein: dot matrix support rod base includes industrial computer and flexible base;Industrial computer is used to carry out model structural feature acquisition and configuration identification;Array support rod, T joint pad and T joint clamping plate are provided on flexible base;Clamping plate fixed support is installed on the two sides of flexible base, and is used to support and fix the two ends of T joint clamping plate;Pre-welding clamping structure includes butt welding support block, butt welding pad plate, butt welding pressing plate and butt welding pressing beam;Butt welding support block is detachably arranged on flexible base, butt welding pad plate is arranged in pairs on butt welding support block, and is used to conformal support to the T joint skin to be welded;Butt welding pressing beam lower part is compressed air bag, key drive butt welding pressing plate is compressed tightly on T joint skin by compressed air bag.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of materials processing technology, and relates to welding positioning devices, specifically to a welding positioning device and process method for open thin-walled components. Background Technology

[0002] Driven by the concepts of lightweight and low-cost manufacturing, welding technology, as an effective low-cost manufacturing method, has achieved low-cost, high-quality manufacturing of large and complex structural components by employing a method of assembling small parts into larger ones and simple parts into complex ones. This has played a crucial role in the industrial manufacturing field. During the welding process, in order to improve the accuracy of component forming, welding positioning devices are inevitably used, mainly serving the functions of pre-welding fitting and positioning, and preventing deformation during the welding process.

[0003] For a long time, welding positioning devices for components have been a dedicated set for each welded part, and in some welding processes, even a single weld pass requires a separate set of dedicated devices. Furthermore, to improve the stability of the surface during welding, most of these devices are solid surfaces or large frame structures, becoming a major cost contributor in the component welding manufacturing process and a bottleneck for further cost reduction. At the same time, the storage and maintenance of a large number of positioning devices also increases their own costs. Therefore, how to reduce the manufacturing cost of welding positioning devices is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a welding positioning device and process for open thin-walled components, so as to overcome the problem that the high manufacturing and operating costs of existing welding positioning devices have become a bottleneck for cost reduction.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: A welding positioning device for an open thin-walled component includes a flexible lattice strut base, a clamping plate fixing support, and a pre-welding clamping structure, wherein: The dot matrix strut base includes an industrial control computer and a flexible base. The industrial control computer is used to collect structural features and identify the configuration of the model. The flexible base is equipped with array support rods, T-joint pads, and T-joint clamps. The height of the array support rods is adjustable to match the profile of the T-joint skin or open thin-walled component. The T-joint pads and T-joint clamps work together to press the reinforcing ribs onto the T-joint skin for fixation before welding. The clamp plate fixing support is installed on both sides of the flexible base, and a fixing platform is set on its upper end to support and fix the two ends of the T-type connector clamp plate. The pre-welding clamping structure includes a butt welding support block, a butt welding pad, a butt welding pressure plate, and a butt welding pressure beam. The butt welding support block is detachably mounted on a flexible base, and the butt welding pads are arranged in pairs on the butt welding support block to provide conformal support for the T-joint skin to be welded. The butt welding pressure beam is mounted above the flexible base, and its lower part is driven by a compressed air bag and a pressure key to press the butt welding pressure plate onto the T-joint skin.

[0006] Furthermore, the open thin-walled component is formed by welding multiple T-shaped joint skins with built-in reinforcing structures together; the reinforcing structure is a reinforcing rib welded onto the T-shaped joint skin.

[0007] Furthermore, during the forming of the T-joint skin, an allowance area is added around it, and the allowance area is kept horizontal. According to the fixed position of the T-joint skin on the flexible base, the corresponding array rod in the array support rod is selected as the skin positioning rod. The corresponding positioning hole is machined on the allowance area at the position of the second-level countersunk hole on the selected skin positioning rod, and the T-joint skin is positioned on the flexible base by passing the positioning pin through the positioning hole and the second-level countersunk hole. After the T-joint skin is welded to obtain an open thin-walled component, the allowance area is removed during the subsequent laser cutting process.

[0008] Furthermore, the surface of the flexible base is provided with a rectangular array of holes; the outermost and second outermost rings of the rectangular array holes are mounting and fixing holes, and the rest are elliptical holes; each hole in the rectangular array is equipped with a limiter, which can realize upward limit and downward limit, and is used to adjust the height of each array rod in the array support rod, so that the top of the array rod forms a shape consistent with the open thin-walled component or the skin surface of the T-joint. The array support rod is composed of array rods and is assembled into the elliptical holes of the rectangular array holes. Two-stage stepped countersunk holes are made at the top of the array rods. The first-stage countersunk hole is used for the error-proof installation of the T-type joint pad. The second-stage countersunk hole is used to mate with the positioning hole of the T-type joint skin through the positioning pin.

[0009] Furthermore, the T-joint pad includes a pad panel and a pad positioning rod at its bottom; multiple T-joint pads are installed on the top of the array rod in the design sequence, and the upper surfaces of the pad panels of all T-joint pads combine to form a combined profile that matches the outer surface profile of the skin corresponding to the intended placement position of the reinforcing rib on the T-joint skin, which is used to cooperate with the T-joint clamping plate to clamp and fix the reinforcing rib to the T-joint skin; a clamping cylinder is provided on the upper part of the T-joint clamping plate, which pneumatically clamps the reinforcing rib to fit against the inner surface of the T-joint skin; both ends of the T-joint clamping plate are fixed to the fixing platform of the clamping plate fixing support by clamping plate fixing bolts.

[0010] Furthermore, the plate fixing support includes a support positioning rod and a fixing platform set at its top; the plate fixing support is installed into the mounting fixing hole on the flexible base through the support positioning rod; the fixing platform has threaded holes for installing T-type connector plates.

[0011] Furthermore, a U-shaped venting groove is provided on the butt welding support block, and a venting pipe is installed in the U-shaped venting groove for injecting inert protective gas through the venting pipe into the U-shaped venting groove during welding; support block positioning rods are provided at the bottom of both ends of the butt welding support block, which are used to cooperate with the mounting and fixing holes on the flexible base; positioning threaded holes are also provided on the butt welding support block for fixing the butt welding pad and the butt welding pressure beam. The lower surface of the butt welding pad is flush, and the upper surface is divided into a platform area and a conformal area. The platform area is located at both ends, and the conformal area is in the middle. The shape of the conformal area matches the shape of the corresponding position of the T-joint skin and is lower than the platform area to form a depression. The structure of the butt welding pressure plate is basically the same as that of the butt welding pad, except that the upper surface of the butt welding pressure plate is flush, while the conformal area and platform area are located on the lower surface, which is the opposite of the butt welding pad.

[0012] Furthermore, the butt welding pressure beam has an overall "door" shaped structure, arranged in pairs above the flexible base. It has pressure beam fixing holes on both sides and is connected to the butt welding support block by bolts. The lower part of the butt welding pressure beam is equipped with a compressed air bag, and the lower part of the compressed air bag is equipped with multiple pressure keys, forming a piano key-type pneumatic pressing structure. By filling the compressed air bag with compressed air, downward pressure is provided to the pressure keys, causing the pressure keys to press down on the butt welding pressure plate, thereby achieving pre-welding pressing of the T-joint skin.

[0013] A welding positioning process for a T-joint skin includes: Step 1-1: Input the model of the T-type joint skin into the industrial control computer. After the industrial control computer performs configuration recognition, it uses a limiter to control the array rods in the array support rods to adjust the height so that the top of the array rods is combined to form a preliminary profile that is consistent with the non-welded surface of the T-type joint skin. Based on the preliminary profile, select the skin positioning rod in the array rods. Steps 1-2: Based on the position of the skin positioning rod, design the allowance area on the model, and determine the position of the positioning hole on the allowance area according to the position of the second-level countersunk hole on the skin positioning rod; and form the T-joint skin based on the model. Steps 1-3: Adjust the array rods corresponding to the positions of the reinforcing ribs to be welded on the T-joint skin. Adjust the array rods of this part downwards to a distance equal to the thickness of the T-joint pad. Then, arrange and install the T-joint pads on the top of this part of the array rods using the pad positioning rod and the first-level countersunk hole to form the final shape of the array rods before welding. Finally, install the T-joint skin to be welded onto the final shape using the positioning pin and the second-level countersunk hole on the skin positioning rod. Steps 1-4: Install the clamping plate fixing support onto the flexible base of the outermost ring of the flexible base using the support positioning rod; fix the reinforcing ribs onto the T-joint clamping plate; then fix the T-joint clamping plate to the fixing platform of the clamping plate fixing support using the clamping plate fixing bolts at both ends; and press the reinforcing ribs downward using the clamping cylinder on the upper part of the T-joint clamping plate; then weld the reinforcing ribs onto the T-joint skin.

[0014] A welding positioning process for an open thin-walled component, comprising: Step 2-1: The open thin-walled component to be welded is composed of two T-joint skins welded together. The model of the open thin-walled component to be welded is imported into the industrial control computer. After the industrial control computer performs configuration recognition, it uses a limiter to adjust the position of the array rods in the middle area of ​​the flexible base so that the butt welded combination surface formed by the top of all array rods is consistent with the surface of the open thin-walled component. Step 2-2: Install the butt welding support block onto the upper surface of the middle area of ​​the flexible base by matching the support block positioning rod with the mounting fixing hole, and connect the butt welding pad to the positioning threaded hole on the butt welding support block by countersunk bolts. Steps 2-3: The two T-joint skins to be welded are fitted onto the butt welding assembly surface using locating pins. Steps 2-4: Connect the butt welding pressure beam with compressed air bag and pressure key to the positioning threaded hole on the butt welding support block using the pressure beam fixing hole and bolts; place the butt welding pressure plate under the pressure key and press it on the top of the two T-joint skins to be welded respectively; then fill the compressed air bag with compressed air to press the T-joint skin tightly, and the welding operation can begin.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical features: 1. By adopting a flexible dot matrix support base with variable surface and using an industrial control computer, the base surface can be changed arbitrarily and precisely, replacing the traditional single-piece manufacturing fixtures, improving the versatility of the base and reducing the manufacturing cost of the fixtures. 2. The base is equipped with irregularly shaped array holes, with one hole corresponding to one support rod. This improves the error prevention during the use of the positioning device, enhances the efficiency of the positioning device's assembly, reduces labor intensity, and increases the uniqueness of the positioning device compared to different components to be welded. 3. A method for fabricating positioning holes during the forming of the skin to be welded based on flexible tooling is proposed. The horizontal allowance area helps to improve the positioning accuracy before welding, suppresses the risk of skin position changes during welding, and improves the manufacturing accuracy of the component. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a T-joint skin model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the T-type joint flexible base array rod 8-type surface; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the positioning holes in the T-joint skin allowance area; Figure 4 Schematic diagram for the installation and positioning of the T-joint skin; Figure 5 Schematic diagram for the installation and positioning of the reinforcing ribs of the T-joint; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the 8-section of the flexible base array rod for the docking joint; Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the installation and positioning of the mating joint skin; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of clamping and fixing the mating joint.

[0017] In the diagram, 1. Model of T-joint skin; 2. Flexible base; 3. Array support rod; 4. Initial profile; 5. Skin positioning rod; 6. Allowance area; 7. Positioning hole; 8. Array rod; 9. T-joint pad; 10. Final profile; 11. T-joint skin; 12. Positioning pin; 13. Clamping plate fixing support; 14. Mounting fixing hole; 15. Reinforcing rib; 16. T-joint clamping plate; 17. Clamping plate fixing bolt; 18. Fixing platform; 19. Clamping cylinder; 20. Central area; 21. Butt weld assembly profile; 22. Butt weld support block; 23. Butt weld pad; 24. Countersunk bolt; 25. Open thin-walled component; 26. Compressed air bag; 27. Pressure key; 28. Butt weld pressure beam; 29. ​​Pressure beam fixing hole; 30. Positioning threaded hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] This invention provides a welding positioning device and process for open thin-walled components. It employs a universal flexible skin support base, along with a T-shaped joint clamping plate and a butt joint pressure plate that match the base. The adaptability of the flexible base to the shape of open components to be welded is improved by adjusting its profile. A dedicated irregularly shaped T-shaped joint clamping plate is used to fix the support, further enhancing the adaptability of the flexible base to the T-shaped joint clamping plate. Dedicated butt joint pressure plates and liners are used to ensure the butt welding positioning device adapts to the butt welding surface. Based on the characteristics of the welding positioning device, the surface state of the component to be welded during forming is designed to improve the accuracy and convenience of positioning the component on the flexible base. Ultimately, this replaces the traditional solid base for welding positioning, reducing the manufacturing cost of the positioning device.

[0019] This invention first provides a welding positioning device for open thin-walled components, including a flexible lattice strut base, a clamping plate fixing support, and a pre-welding clamping structure, wherein: 1. Open thin-walled components.

[0020] The open thin-walled component 25 targeted by the present invention is formed by welding together multiple T-shaped joint skins 11 with built-in reinforcing structures; the reinforcing structure is a reinforcing rib 15 set on the skin to support the skin; the T-shaped joint skin 11 is a skin with a right-angle bending structure, which plays the role of joint in the whole component.

[0021] The position and form of the positioning hole when the T-joint skin 11 to be welded is to add an allowance area 6 around it when the T-joint skin 11 is formed, and the allowance area 6 is kept horizontal. According to the subsequent fixed position of the T-joint skin 11 on the flexible base 2, the array rod 8 at a suitable position in the array support rod 3 is selected as the skin positioning rod 5. The corresponding positioning hole 7 is machined on the allowance area 6 at the position of the second-level countersunk hole on the selected skin positioning rod 5, and the T-joint skin 11 is positioned on the flexible base 2 by the positioning pin 12 passing through the positioning hole 7 and the second-level countersunk hole. After the T-joint skin 11 is welded to obtain the open thin-walled component 25, the allowance area 6 is removed when the subsequent laser cutting of the shape is performed.

[0022] 2. Flexible dot matrix strut base.

[0023] The dot matrix strut base is a flexible and movable structure, including an industrial computer and a flexible base 2; the industrial computer is used to input and identify the model 1 of the T-joint skin 11 or the open thin-walled component 25; the flexible base 2 is equipped with array support rods 3, T-joint pads 9 and T-joint clamping plates 16.

[0024] (1) Industrial control computer and flexible base.

[0025] The industrial control computer is used to collect the structural features of the model 1 of the T-type joint skin 11 and perform configuration recognition. According to the recognized configuration features, it controls the array rods 8 in the array support rods 3 to adjust their height so that they match the T-type joint skin 11.

[0026] The flexible base 2 has rectangular array holes on its surface; the outermost and second outermost rings of the rectangular array holes are irregularly shaped mounting and fixing holes 14, and the rest are elliptical holes; the irregular shape of the mounting and fixing holes 14 means that the hole shapes and sizes are all different, which is used to meet the installation and fixing of the support positioning rod of the plate fixing support 13 with different cross sections and the support block positioning rod of the bottom of the butt welding support block 22 in the pre-welding clamping structure.

[0027] Each hole in the rectangular array is equipped with a limiter, which can realize upward limit and downward limit. It is used to adjust the height of each array rod 8 in the array support rod 3 so that the top of the array rod 8 forms a shape consistent with the surface of the open thin-walled component or the T-shaped joint skin 11. It can also adjust the height of the clamping plate fixing support 13 of the T-shaped joint clamping plate 16 to ensure the spatial relative position of the T-shaped joint clamping plate 16 and the flexible base 2.

[0028] (2) Array support rod.

[0029] The array support rod 3 is composed of array rods 8 and is assembled into the elliptical hole of the rectangular array hole. Its cross-section matches the cross-sectional shape of the elliptical hole, which ensures the smooth vertical adjustment of the array support rod 3 and prevents the array rod 8 from twisting. Two-stage stepped countersunk holes are made at the top of the array rod 8. The first-stage countersunk hole is an irregularly shaped light hole, that is, the size and shape of the irregularly shaped light hole on different array rods 8 are different, which is used to prevent the T-type joint pad 9 from being installed incorrectly. The second-stage countersunk hole is a circular light hole, which is used to determine and fix the position of the T-type joint skin 11 on the array support rod 3 by cooperating with the positioning hole 7 of the T-type joint skin 11 through the positioning pin 12.

[0030] (3) T-type joint pad.

[0031] The T-joint pad 9 includes a pad panel and a pad positioning rod, both made of copper. The pad positioning rod is connected to the bottom of the pad panel via a thread at its end. Multiple T-joint pads 9 are arranged and installed on the top of the array rod 8 according to the design sequence, using the pad positioning rod and the first-stage countersunk hole on the array rod 8. The upper surfaces of the pad panels of all T-joint pads 9 are combined to form a combined surface that matches the outer surface of the skin corresponding to the intended placement position of the reinforcing rib 15 on the T-joint skin 11. This combined surface is used to cooperate with the T-joint clamping plate 16 to clamp and fix the reinforcing rib 15 to the T-joint skin 11. By adjusting the height of the T-joint clamping plate 16, the reinforcing rib 15 is pressed downwards onto the inner surface of the T-joint skin 11, while the T-joint pads 9 are supported upwards on the outer surface of the T-joint skin 11 corresponding to the reinforcing rib 15 by the support of the array support rod 3.

[0032] (4) T-type connector plate.

[0033] The T-joint clamping plate 16 is used to position the reinforcing rib 15 before welding it to the inside of the T-joint skin 11, ensuring the relative spatial position of the reinforcing rib 15 and the T-joint skin 11. The T-joint clamping plate 16 adopts a pneumatic clamping and side bolt clamping structure. A clamping cylinder 19 is set on the upper part of the T-joint clamping plate 16. The reinforcing rib 15 is pressed against the inner surface of the T-joint skin 11 by pneumatic clamping, ensuring that the fitting gap is not greater than 0.1 mm. The two ends of the T-joint clamping plate 16 are provided with clamping plate fixing bolts 17, which are used to fix the T-joint clamping plate 16 to the fixing platform 18 of the clamping plate fixing support 13.

[0034] 3. Plate fixing support.

[0035] The lower end of the clamp plate fixing support 13 is assembled in the mounting fixing hole 14. The clamp plate fixing support 13 includes a support positioning rod and a fixing platform 18 set at its top. To improve structural stability, the two are manufactured as a single unit. The clamp plate fixing support 13 is installed into the mounting fixing hole 14 through the support positioning rod. To prevent rotation, both the mounting fixing hole 14 and the support positioning rod are non-rotating bodies. The fixing platform 18 has threaded holes for fixing to the fixing holes at both ends of the T-type connector clamp plate 16 through clamp plate fixing bolts 17. The fixing platform 18 is an irregular platform. The purpose of using an irregular platform is to compensate for the relative position difference between the T-type connector clamp plate 16 and the mounting fixing hole 14 after the position is determined, and to improve the versatility of the dot matrix strut base.

[0036] 4. Pre-welding clamping structure.

[0037] The pre-welding clamping structure includes a butt welding support block 22, a butt welding pad 23, a butt welding pressure plate, and a butt welding pressure beam 28.

[0038] (1) Butt welding support block.

[0039] A U-shaped ventilation groove is provided on the butt welding support block 22. The upper surface of the U-shaped ventilation groove is 3-5 mm higher than the upper surface of the butt welding support block 22, presenting a "convex" shape as a whole; A ventilation pipe is installed in the U-shaped ventilation groove, which is used to inject inert protective gas into the U-shaped ventilation groove through the ventilation pipe during welding, playing an anti-oxidation protection role for the back weld bead; Support block positioning rods are provided at the bottoms of both ends of the butt welding support block 22, and the support block positioning rods are used to cooperate with the mounting fixing holes 14 of the rectangular array holes on the flexible base 2; A positioning threaded hole 30 is also provided on the butt welding support block 22, which is used for the fixed installation of the butt welding backing plate 23 and the butt welding pressure beam 28.

[0040] (2) Butt welding backing plate.

[0041] The butt welding backing plate 23 is composed of two copper strip-shaped structures. The two ends are made with countersunk head type clearance holes. The minimum thickness is not less than 7 mm and the maximum thickness is not more than 10 mm; The lower surface of the butt welding backing plate 23 is a flush surface, and the upper surface is divided into a platform area and a conforming area. The platform area is located at both ends, and the conforming area is in the middle; The shape of the conforming area is adapted to the shape at the corresponding position of the T-joint skin 11, and is lower than the platform area to form a depression, and the depression depth is not more than 1 / 2 of the sheet thickness of the T-joint skin 11 to be welded, which is used for the positioning of the T-joint clamping plate 16; During installation, the lower surfaces of the two butt welding backing plates 23 are respectively placed on the upper part of the U-shaped ventilation groove on the butt welding support block 22, and the two butt welding backing plates 23 are arranged in parallel; And the countersunk head type clearance holes of the butt welding backing plate 23 are connected to the positioning threaded holes 30 on the butt welding support block 22 with countersunk bolts 24.

[0042] (3) Butt welding pressure plate.

[0043] The structure of the butt welding pressure plate is basically the same as that of the butt welding backing plate 23, except that the upper surface of the butt welding pressure plate is a flush surface, while the conforming area and the platform area are located on the lower surface, which is opposite to the butt welding backing plate 23; And no countersunk head type clearance holes are provided on the butt welding pressure plate; The thickness of the butt welding pressure plate is 5-10 mm, and it is installed above the T-joint skin 11 during installation.

[0044] (4) Butt welding pressure beam.

[0045] The butt welding pressure beam 28 has an overall "door" shaped structure and is arranged in pairs above the flexible base 2. It has pressure beam fixing holes 29 on both sides and is connected to the positioning threaded holes 30 on the butt welding support block 22 by bolts. The lower part of the butt welding pressure beam 28 is provided with a compressed air bag 26, and the lower part of the compressed air bag 26 is provided with multiple pressure keys 27, forming a piano key-type pneumatic pressing structure. By filling the compressed air bag 26 with compressed air, downward pressure is provided to the pressure keys 27, so that the pressure keys 27 press down on the butt welding pressure plate, thereby achieving pre-welding pressing of the T-joint skin 11.

[0046] Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention further provides a welding positioning process method for open thin-walled components, comprising: 1. Welding positioning of T-joint skin 11.

[0047] Step 1-1: Input the model 1 of the T-type joint skin 11 into the industrial control computer. After the industrial control computer performs configuration recognition, it uses the limiter to control the array rod 8 in the array support rod 3 to adjust the height so that the top of the array rod 8 is combined to form a preliminary selection surface 4 that is consistent with the non-welded surface of the T-type joint skin 11. Based on the preliminary selection surface 4, select the skin positioning rod 5 in the array rod 8.

[0048] Steps 1-2: Based on the position of the skin positioning rod 5, design the allowance area 6 on the model 1, and determine the position of the positioning hole 7 on the allowance area 6 according to the position of the second-level countersunk hole on the skin positioning rod 5; form the T-joint skin 11 based on the model 1; make the allowance area 6 horizontal during forming.

[0049] Steps 1-3: Adjust the array rods 8 corresponding to the positions of the reinforcing ribs 15 to be welded on the T-joint skin 11. Adjust the array rods 8 of this part downwards to a distance equal to the thickness of the T-joint pad 9. Then, arrange and install the T-joint pad 9 on the top of this part of the array rods 8 using the pad positioning rod and the first-stage countersunk hole to form the final profile 10 of the array rods 5 before welding. Then, install the T-joint skin 11 to be welded onto the final profile 10 by using the positioning pin 12 and the second-stage countersunk hole on the skin positioning rod 5.

[0050] Steps 1-4: Install the clamping plate fixing support 13 onto the flexible base 2 on the outermost ring of the flexible base 2 via the support positioning rod; fix the reinforcing rib 15 onto the T-joint clamping plate 16; then fix the T-joint clamping plate 16 onto the fixing platform 18 of the clamping plate fixing support 13 using the clamping plate fixing bolts 17 at both ends; and press the reinforcing rib 15 downwards using the clamping cylinder 19 on the upper part of the T-joint clamping plate 16; then weld the reinforcing rib 15 onto the T-joint skin 11.

[0051] II. Welding positioning of open thin-walled component 25.

[0052] Step 2-1: The open thin-walled component 25 to be welded is composed of two T-joint skins 11 welded together. The model of the open thin-walled component 25 to be welded is imported into the industrial control computer. After the industrial control computer performs configuration recognition, it uses a limiter to adjust the position of the array rods 8 in the middle region 20 of the flexible base 2, so that the butt welded combination surface 21 formed at the top of all array rods 8 is consistent with the surface of the open thin-walled component 25.

[0053] Step 2-2: Install the butt welding support block 22 onto the upper surface of the middle region 20 of the flexible base 2 through the cooperation of the support block positioning rod and the mounting fixing hole 14, and connect the butt welding pad 23 to the positioning threaded hole 30 on the butt welding support block 22 through the countersunk bolt 24.

[0054] Steps 2-3: The two T-shaped joint skins 11 to be welded are fitted onto the butt welding assembly surface 21 using positioning pins 12.

[0055] Steps 2-4: Connect the butt welding pressure beam 28, which includes the compressed air bag 26 and the pressure key 27, to the positioning threaded hole 30 on the butt welding support block 22 using the pressure beam fixing hole 29 and bolts; place the butt welding pressure plate under the pressure key 27 and press it on the two T-joint skins 11 to be welded respectively; then fill the compressed air bag 2 with compressed air to press the T-joint skin 11 tightly, and the welding operation can begin.

[0056] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A welding positioning device for an open thin-walled component, characterized in that, This includes a flexible lattice strut base, a clamping plate fixing support, and a pre-welding clamping structure, wherein: The dot matrix strut base includes an industrial control computer and a flexible base (2); the industrial control computer is used to collect structural features and identify the configuration of the model (1); the flexible base (2) is equipped with array support rods (3), T-type joint pads (9) and T-type joint clamps (16); the height of the array support rods (3) is adjustable to match the profile of the T-type joint skin (11) or the open thin-walled component (25); the T-type joint pads (9) and T-type joint clamps (16) cooperate to press the reinforcing ribs (15) onto the T-type joint skin (11) for fixing before welding; The card plate fixing support is installed on both sides of the flexible base (2), and a fixing platform (18) is set on its upper end to support and fix the two ends of the T-type connector card plate (16); The pre-welding clamping structure includes a butt welding support block (22), a butt welding pad (23), a butt welding pressure plate, and a butt welding pressure beam (28). The butt welding support block (22) is detachably mounted on the flexible base (2), and the butt welding pads (23) are arranged in pairs on the butt welding support block (22) for conformal support of the T-joint skin (11) to be welded. The butt welding pressure beam (28) is mounted above the flexible base (2), and its lower part is driven by a compressed air bag (26) and a pressure key (27) to press the butt welding pressure plate onto the T-joint skin (11). The open thin-walled component (25) is formed by welding multiple T-shaped joint skins (11) with built-in stiffening structures together; the stiffening structure is a reinforcing rib (15) welded onto the T-shaped joint skin (11); When the T-joint skin (11) is formed, an allowance area (6) is added around it, and the allowance area (6) is kept horizontal. According to the fixed position of the T-joint skin (11) on the flexible base (2), the array rod (8) of the array support rod (3) is selected as the skin positioning rod (5). The corresponding positioning hole (7) is machined on the allowance area (6) according to the position of the second-level countersunk hole on the selected skin positioning rod (5). The T-joint skin (11) is positioned on the flexible base (2) by passing the positioning pin (12) through the positioning hole (7) and the second-level countersunk hole. After the T-joint skin (11) is welded to obtain the open thin-walled component (25), the allowance area (6) is removed when the subsequent laser cutting of the shape is carried out. The flexible base (2) has rectangular array holes on its surface; the outermost and second outermost rings of the rectangular array holes are mounting and fixing holes (14), and the rest are elliptical holes; each hole in the rectangular array holes is equipped with a limiter, which can realize upward limit and downward limit, and is used to adjust the height of each array rod (8) in the array support rod (3), so that the top of the array rod (8) forms a shape consistent with the profile of the open thin-walled component (25) or the T-type joint skin (11); The array support rod (3) is composed of array rods (8) and is assembled in the elliptical hole of the rectangular array hole; a two-stage stepped countersunk hole is made at the top of the array rod (8). The first stage countersunk hole is used for the error prevention installation of the T-type joint pad (9); the second stage countersunk hole is used to cooperate with the positioning hole (7) of the T-type joint skin (11) through the positioning pin (12). The T-type connector pad (9) includes a pad panel and a pad positioning rod at its bottom, and the whole is made of copper. Multiple T-type connector pads (9) are installed on the top of the array rod (8) in the design sequence. The upper surface of the pad panel of all T-type connector pads (9) is combined to form a combined surface that is consistent with the outer surface of the skin corresponding to the position of the reinforcing rib (15) of the T-type connector skin (11). It is used to cooperate with the T-type connector clamping plate (16) to clamp and fix the reinforcing rib (15) and the T-type connector skin (11). A clamping cylinder (19) is set on the upper part of the T-type connector clamping plate (16). The reinforcing rib (15) is pressed into the inner surface of the T-type connector skin (11) by pneumatic clamping. The two ends of the T-type connector clamping plate (16) are fixed to the fixing platform (18) of the clamping plate fixing support (13) by clamping plate fixing bolts (17).

2. The welding positioning device for open thin-walled components according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plate fixing support (13) includes a support positioning rod and a fixing platform (18) set at its top; the plate fixing support (13) is installed into the mounting fixing hole (14) on the flexible base through the support positioning rod; the fixing platform (18) has a threaded hole for installing the T-type connector plate (16).

3. The welding positioning device for open thin-walled components according to claim 2, characterized in that, A U-shaped ventilation groove is provided on the butt welding support block (22), and a ventilation pipe is installed in the U-shaped ventilation groove for injecting inert protective gas through the ventilation pipe and the U-shaped ventilation groove during welding; a support block positioning rod is provided at the bottom of both ends of the butt welding support block (22), and the support block positioning rod is used to cooperate with the mounting fixing hole (14) on the flexible base (2); a positioning threaded hole (30) is also provided on the butt welding support block (22) for fixing the butt welding pad (23) and the butt welding pressure beam (28); The lower surface of the butt welding pad (23) is a flat surface, and the upper surface is divided into a platform area and a conformal area. The platform area is located at both ends, and the conformal area is in the middle. The shape of the conformal area matches the shape of the corresponding position of the T-joint skin (11) and is lower than the platform area to form a depression. The structure of the butt welding pressure plate is basically the same as that of the butt welding pad (23). The difference is that the upper surface of the butt welding pressure plate is a flat surface, while the conformal area and platform area are located on the lower surface, which is the opposite of the butt welding pad (23).

4. The welding positioning device for open thin-walled components according to claim 3, characterized in that, The butt welding pressure beam (28) has an overall "door" shaped structure and is arranged in pairs above the flexible base (2). It has pressure beam fixing holes (29) on both sides and is connected to the butt welding support block (22) by bolts. The lower part of the butt welding pressure beam (28) is provided with a compressed air bag (26), and the lower part of the compressed air bag (26) is provided with multiple pressure keys (27), forming a piano key-type pneumatic pressing structure. By filling the compressed air bag (26) with compressed air, the pressure key (27) is provided with downward pressure, so that the pressure key (27) presses down on the butt welding pressure plate, thereby achieving pre-welding pressing of the T-joint skin (11).

5. A welding positioning process for a T-joint skin, characterized in that, The welding positioning device for the open thin-walled component according to claim 4; the method includes: Step 1-1: Input the model (1) of the T-type joint skin into the industrial control computer. After the industrial control computer performs configuration recognition, it uses the limiter to control the array rod (8) in the array support rod (3) to adjust the height so that the top of the array rod (8) forms a preliminary selection surface (4) that is consistent with the non-welded surface of the T-type joint skin (11). Based on the preliminary selection surface (4), select the skin positioning rod (5) in the array rod (8). Steps 1-2: Based on the position of the skin positioning rod (5), design the allowance area (6) on the model (1), and determine the position of the positioning hole (7) on the allowance area (6) according to the position of the second-level countersunk hole on the skin positioning rod (5); and form the T-joint skin (11) based on the model (1). Steps 1-3: Adjust the array rod (8) corresponding to the position of the reinforcing rib (15) to be welded on the T-joint skin (11). Adjust the array rod (8) of this part downwards to a distance equal to the thickness of the T-joint pad (9). Then, arrange and install the T-joint pad (9) on the top of the array rod (8) of this part using the pad positioning rod and the first-level countersunk hole to form the final profile (10) of the array rod (8) before welding. Then, install the T-joint skin (11) to be welded on the final profile (10) by using the positioning pin (12) and the second-level countersunk hole on the skin positioning rod (5). Steps 1-4: Install the plate fixing support (13) onto the mounting fixing hole (14) of the secondary outer ring through the support positioning rod, fix the reinforcing rib (15) onto the T-joint plate (16), and then fix the T-joint plate (16) onto the fixing platform (18) of the plate fixing support (13) using the plate fixing bolts (17) at both ends. The pressing cylinder (19) at the top of the T-joint plate (16) presses the reinforcing rib (15) downward; then weld the reinforcing rib (15) onto the T-joint skin (11).

6. A welding positioning process for an open thin-walled component, characterized in that, The welding positioning device for the open thin-walled component according to claim 4; the method includes: Step 2-1: The open thin-walled component (25) to be welded is formed by welding two T-joint skins (11) together; the model of the open thin-walled component (25) to be welded is imported into the industrial control computer. After the industrial control computer performs configuration recognition, it uses a limiter to adjust the position of the array rods (8) in the middle area (20) of the flexible base (2) so that the butt welded combination surface (21) formed by the top of all array rods (8) is consistent with the surface of the open thin-walled component (25); Step 2-2: Install the butt welding support block (22) onto the upper surface of the middle area (20) of the flexible base (2) through the cooperation of the support block positioning rod and the mounting fixing hole (14), and connect the butt welding pad (23) to the positioning threaded hole (30) on the butt welding support block (22) through the countersunk bolt (24); Steps 2-3: The two T-joint skins (11) to be welded are installed onto the butt welding assembly surface (21) by means of positioning pins (12); Steps 2-4: Connect the butt welding pressure beam (28) with the compressed air bag (26) and pressure key (27) to the positioning threaded hole (30) on the butt welding support block (22) using the pressure beam fixing hole (29) and bolts; place the butt welding pressure plate under the pressure key (27) and press it on the two T-joint skins (11) to be welded respectively; then fill the compressed air bag (26) with compressed air to press the T-joint skin (11) tightly, and the welding operation can begin.

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