A rotary spring cutter for removing tea cane branches

Abstract

The application discloses a rotary spring cutter head for removing tea culm bamboo branches, and belongs to the technical field of bamboo processing. The rotary spring cutter head comprises a rack, a control mechanism, a transmission mechanism, an integral support mechanism and a spring cutter head mechanism which are installed on the rack. The transmission mechanism drives a hollow shaft to rotate in the integral support mechanism. The spring cutter head mechanism is coaxially fixed with the hollow shaft. Two radial square grooves are symmetrically arranged on a rotary disc of the spring cutter head mechanism. A set of spring cutter holders is arranged in each square groove. The spring cutter holder comprises a connecting rod, a mounting seat and a base. A spring is sleeved on the connecting rod. The base is radially pressed against a bamboo surface. A blade is arranged on the base. When the rotary disc rotates, the spring cutter holder is adapted to the diameter change of the bamboo pole under the action of the spring, the cutting of the branches is completed, the branches of the irregular bamboo pole are efficiently, high-quality and zero-damage removed, the independent spring cutter holder is adapted to the different side profiles of the bamboo pole, the fitting capacity of the oval cross section of the curved bamboo pole is extremely high, and the simple mechanical principle is used to solve the complex engineering problem.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bamboo processing technology, and more specifically, to a rotating spring cutter disc for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches. Background Technology

[0002] Tea stalk bamboo, as a rapidly growing and sustainably utilized biomass material, has wide applications in construction, furniture, papermaking, and daily necessities. In the initial processing of bamboo, removing lateral branches from the bamboo culms is a crucial and labor-intensive step. Currently, this process mainly relies on manual hand-held tools, which has inherent drawbacks such as high labor intensity, low production efficiency, poor operational safety, and difficulty in ensuring consistent quality. Manual operation is prone to uneven control of force and angle, leading to bamboo bud damage, scratches, residual branches, or over-cutting, severely impairing the integrity and strength of the bamboo and restricting its application in high-value-added fields.

[0003] To improve the mechanization of the debranching process, existing technologies have developed mechanical debranching equipment using fixed or ordinary rotary cutter heads. However, due to the significant geometric variations in natural bamboo, including axial taper changes, irregular radial bending, surface nodule protrusions, and random distribution of branch growth angles and hardness, fixed cutter heads struggle to follow the changes in the curvature of the bamboo surface. This can easily lead to fluctuations in cutting force, causing "skipping" or "bamboo-biting" phenomena, resulting in damage to the bamboo surface or incomplete debranching. Secondly, ordinary rotary cutter heads lack a real-time radial adjustment mechanism and cannot adapt to the decreasing diameter from the bamboo root to the tip, often resulting in overcutting at the large end and undercutting at the small end. When faced with uneven branch distribution and large hardness differences on the bamboo surface, they cannot achieve instantaneous adaptive cutting depth, affecting debranching efficiency and exacerbating tool wear. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a rotary spring cutter head for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches that can intelligently adapt to geometric variations in bamboo and protect the bamboo surface during high-speed cutting, in order to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rotating spring blade for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches, thereby solving the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A rotary spring cutter disc for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches includes a frame, a spring cutter disc mechanism, an integral support mechanism, a transmission mechanism, and a control mechanism. The spring-loaded cutter head mechanism includes a rotating disk and two spring-loaded cutter holders. The rotating disk has a central through hole and two square slots symmetrically arranged in the radial direction of the central through hole. The central through hole communicates with the square slots. The spring-loaded cutter holders include a connecting rod, a mounting base, and a base. One end of the connecting rod is fixed to the rotating disk away from the central through hole by a connecting block, and the connecting rod is coaxial with the square slots. The other end of the connecting rod is fitted with the slidably disposed mounting base. A fixing block is provided on the side of the connecting rod near the central through hole to limit the sliding distance of the mounting base. A spring is fitted on the connecting rod between the connecting block and the mounting base. One end of the spring abuts against the connecting block, and the other end is fixed to the mounting base. The mounting base is connected to the base near the central through hole. A blade is provided on the side of the base near the central through hole, and the plane of the blade is perpendicular to the axis of the connecting rod. The transmission mechanism is fixedly installed on the frame, and a hollow shaft is connected to the output end. The output end of the hollow shaft is coaxially fixed to the spring blade mechanism. The central through hole of the rotating disk is aligned with the through hole of the hollow shaft to form a channel for bamboo to pass through. The hollow shaft is supported in the integral support mechanism by a pair of angular contact ball bearings. The integral support mechanism is fixed on the frame. The transmission mechanism drives the hollow shaft to rotate relative to the integral support mechanism, thereby causing the rotating disk to revolve around the center line of the horizontally passing bamboo. The control mechanism is mounted on the frame and is used to control the automated operation of the entire rotating spring cutter head.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, it also includes a pre-opening mechanism, which includes a hollow frustum and a cylinder. The inner periphery of the hollow frustum is sleeved on the outer periphery of the hollow shaft. A connecting plate is sleeved on the outer periphery of the hollow frustum, and one end of the hollow frustum near the spring cutter disc mechanism protrudes from the plane of the connecting plate. Both ends of the connecting plate are connected to the output end of the cylinder. The cylinder is fixed on the frame by a support rod. The mounting base includes a body and a wing protruding from the body. The body is slidably sleeved on the connecting rod. One end of the wing is fixed to the body, and the other end extends outward toward the pre-opening mechanism. The wing has an inclined surface for cooperating with the hollow truncated cone to complete the pre-opening action. During operation, the cylinder pushes the hollow truncated cone toward the spring cutter disc mechanism. The end of the hollow truncated cone slides along the inclined surface of the wing, moving the two symmetrically arranged mounting bases away from each other along the axis of the connecting rod, thus widening the distance between the two mounting bases.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes a motor, a small pulley, a synchronous belt, and a large pulley. The output end of the motor is connected to a reducer. The reducer is fixed on the frame by a reducer bracket. The small pulley is mounted on the output shaft of the reducer. The large pulley is connected to the small pulley by the synchronous belt. The output end of the large pulley is fixed to the hollow shaft.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the mounting base is provided with a pair of first rollers located on the front side of the rotating disk and a pair of second rollers located on the rear side of the rotating disk. The first rollers and the second rollers both roll along the axial direction of the connecting rod and are in close contact with the rotating disk.

[0009] Furthermore, the first roller is a rubber roller, and the second roller is a bearing roller.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the base is also provided with a universal ball on the side near the central through hole. The outer edge of the universal ball protrudes from the cutting edge of the blade in the radial direction of the rotating disk, so that the universal ball contacts the bamboo surface before the blade during radial feeding. The cutting edge of the blade is set in a direction parallel to the axis of the bamboo.

[0011] Furthermore, the universal ball is mounted on the mounting base via a mounting bracket, and an adjusting shim is provided between the mounting bracket and the mounting base to adjust the relative distance between the outer edge of the universal ball and the cutting edge of the blade, i.e., the cutting depth.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the blade is an indexable blade made of disposable cemented carbide, and the blade is fastened to the base by screws.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, it further includes a first position sensor and a second position sensor electrically connected to the control mechanism; The first position sensor is mounted on the frame and located in front of the feed side of the spring cutter head mechanism. The first position sensor is used to detect the arrival signal of the bamboo root of the tea stalk. When the control mechanism receives the bamboo arrival signal from the first position sensor, it activates the cylinder of the pre-opening mechanism, which drives the end of the hollow truncated cone to slide along the inclined surface of the wing end of the mounting base, thus opening the two spring cutter heads. The second position sensor is mounted on the frame and located at the central through-hole entrance of the spring cutter head mechanism. It is used to detect whether the bamboo root of the tea stalk has completely entered the central through-hole. After the first position sensor is triggered, the control mechanism controls the cylinder of the pre-opening mechanism to return to its original position only when a confirmation signal from the second position sensor is received, and the cutting operation begins.

[0014] In summary, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The rotating spring-loaded blade disc of this invention for removing bamboo stalks and branches adapts to the contours of different sides of the bamboo stalk through two independent spring-loaded blade holders. It has an extremely strong ability to fit the elliptical cross-section of curved bamboo stalks. It solves a complex engineering problem with the simplest mechanical principle, achieving efficient, high-quality, and zero-damage branch removal of irregular bamboo stalks. Its core lies in the synergistic effect of a passive, compliant contour-following mechanism composed of symmetrical spring-loaded blades and a universal ball-guided depth-limiting mechanism. The physical properties of the springs allow the two blade holders to respond instantaneously and independently to the undulations of the bamboo surface contour, compliantly yielding at the bamboo nodes and promptly following at the concave areas, achieving fully automatic contour-following tracking of the curvature and elliptical cross-section of the bamboo stalk. The universal ball protruding from the blades serves as a freely rolling dynamic reference point, contacting the bamboo surface before the blades. This converts sliding friction into rolling friction to protect the bamboo green and fundamentally sets an absolutely safe and constant cutting depth in the mechanical structure. The depth can be precisely fine-tuned by adjusting the shims, ensuring that the blades only remove protruding branches and never damage the bamboo stalk itself. In addition, the pre-support mechanism enables guided, impact-free feeding, the roller guide system ensures the precision and smoothness of the tool holder movement, and the hollow shaft and angular contact ball bearings provide stable rotational support. The entire system does not require complex pneumatic circuits and electronic feedback control, and achieves the ultimate goal of adaptive constant pressure cutting with a simple and reliable mechanical structure. Ultimately, it obtains high-quality cuts that are flat, smooth, free of gnaw marks, and free of missed cuts on the surface of various bamboo poles, which greatly improves the processing efficiency, consistency, and commercial value of bamboo after branch removal. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the rotating spring cutter disc for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the spring cutter head mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the spring cutter head mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the pre-opening mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall support mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the hollow shaft of the present invention; Among them, 1-spring cutter head mechanism, 11-rotating disc, 111-central through hole, 112-square groove, 12-spring cutter holder, 121-connecting rod, 122-mounting base, 1221-body, 1222-wing end, 1223-first roller, 1224-second roller, 123-base, 124-connecting block, 125-fixing block, 126-spring, 127-blade, 128-universal ball, 129-adjusting shim, 2-integral support mechanism, 21-angular contact ball bearing, 3-transmission mechanism, 31-motor, 32-small pulley, 33-synchronous belt, 34-large pulley, 35-reducer, 36-reducer bracket, 4-hollow shaft, 5-pre-opening mechanism, 51-hollow frustum, 52-cylinder, 53-connecting plate, 54-support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments given herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a rotating spring cutter disc for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches includes a frame, a spring cutter disc mechanism 1, an overall support mechanism 2, a transmission mechanism 3, and a control mechanism. The spring cutter head mechanism 1 includes a rotating disk 11 and two spring cutter holders 12. The rotating disk 11 has a central through hole 111 and two square slots 112 symmetrically arranged in the radial direction of the central through hole 111. The central through hole 111 communicates with the square slots 112. The spring cutter holder 12 includes a connecting rod 121, a mounting base 122, and a base 123. One end of the connecting rod 121 is fixed to the rotating disk 11 away from the central through hole 111 by a connecting block 124, and the connecting rod 121 is coaxially arranged with the square slots 112. The other end of the connecting rod 121 is fitted with a sliding sleeve. The mounting base 122 is dynamically set. A fixing block 125 is provided on the side of the connecting rod 121 near the central through hole 111 to limit the sliding distance of the mounting base 122. A spring 126 is provided between the connecting block 124 and the mounting base 122 and is sleeved on the connecting rod 121. One end of the spring 126 abuts against the connecting block 124 and the other end is fixedly connected to the mounting base 122. A base 123 is connected to the side of the mounting base 122 near the central through hole 111. A blade 127 is provided on the side of the base 123 near the central through hole 111. The plane of the blade 127 is perpendicular to the axis of the connecting rod 121. The transmission mechanism 3 is fixedly installed on the frame, and the output end is connected to the hollow shaft 4. The output end of the hollow shaft 4 is coaxially fixed to the spring cutter disc mechanism 1. The central through hole 111 of the rotating disc 11 is aligned with the through hole of the hollow shaft 4 to form a channel for the bamboo to pass through. The hollow shaft 4 is supported in the overall support mechanism 2 by a pair of angular contact ball bearings 21. The overall support mechanism 2 is fixed on the frame. The transmission mechanism 3 drives the hollow shaft 4 to rotate relative to the overall support mechanism 2, thereby driving the rotating disc 11 to revolve around the center line of the horizontally passing bamboo. The control mechanism is mounted on the frame and is used to control the automated operation of the entire rotating spring cutter head.

[0018] The rotary spring cutter disc for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches of the present invention adopts a symmetrically arranged spring cutter holder 12 structure. The spring cutter holder 12 drives the base 123 and the blade 127 to always radially press against the surface of the bamboo stalk through the spring preload. It can automatically adapt to the diameter change of the bamboo stalk from the root to the tip and the protrusion of the bamboo nodes on the surface, realizing full-process adaptive tracking cutting. It solves the problem of incomplete branch removal or bamboo surface damage caused by the irregular shape of the bamboo in the traditional fixed cutter disc. The rotating disc 11 is driven by the hollow shaft 4 to achieve high-speed revolution, which, together with the linear feed of the bamboo stalk, forms a rotary cutting motion, resulting in high branch removal efficiency and smooth cut. The entire rotary spring cutter disc is stably supported by a pair of angular contact ball bearings 21, ensuring the smooth operation and cutting accuracy under high-speed rotation. At the same time, the integrated control mechanism provides the basis for the fully automated operation of the equipment, significantly reducing labor intensity and improving processing consistency and safety.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes a pre-opening mechanism 5, which includes a hollow frustum 51 and a cylinder 52. The inner periphery of the hollow frustum 51 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the hollow shaft 4, and a connecting plate 53 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the hollow frustum 51. The end of the hollow frustum 51 near the spring cutter disc mechanism 1 protrudes from the plane of the connecting plate 53. Both ends of the connecting plate 53 are connected to the output end of the cylinder 52. The cylinder 52 is fixed on the frame by a support rod 54. Mounting base 122 includes a body 1221 and a wing end 1222 protruding from the body 1221. The body 1221 is slidably sleeved on the connecting rod 121. One end of the wing end 1222 is fixed on the body 1221, and the other end extends outward toward the pre-opening mechanism 5. The wing end 1222 is provided with an inclined surface for cooperating with the hollow truncated cone 51 to complete the pre-opening action. During operation, the cylinder 52 pushes the hollow truncated cone 51 toward the spring cutter disc mechanism 1. The end of the hollow truncated cone 51 slides along the inclined surface of the wing end 1222, moving the two symmetrically arranged mounting bases 122 away from each other along the axis of the connecting rod 121, thus widening the distance between the two mounting bases 122.

[0020] Before the bamboo enters the cutting area, the hollow truncated cone 51 is actively driven forward by the cylinder 52. The two spring cutter holders 12, which are in a retracted state, are pre-opened by the inclined plane. The bamboo is smoothly, unobstructed and zero-collisionly introduced into the central channel of the cutter head, realizing guided feeding. This completely eliminates feeding impact, protects the cutting edge of the blade 127 and the root of the bamboo, avoids hard scraping and impact between the cutting edge of the blade 127 and the root of the bamboo, and reduces the chipping and wear of the blade 127. At the same time, the smooth feeding also reduces the impact load on moving parts such as the connecting rod 121 and the mounting base 122, improving the durability and reliability of the entire spring cutter head mechanism 1. During operation, the bamboo root is delivered to a predetermined position. The control mechanism sends an action command to the cylinder 52, and the piston rod of the cylinder 52 extends, pushing the connecting plate 53 and the hollow truncated cone 51 fixed thereon to move along the hollow shaft 4 axially and toward the spring cutter disc mechanism 1. The protrusion at the front end of the hollow truncated cone 51 gradually contacts the inclined surface of the wing end 1222 of the two spring cutter holder 12 mounting seats 122. As the hollow truncated cone 51 continues to move forward, it slides relative to the inclined surface of the wing end 1222. The inclined surface decomposes the axial thrust of the hollow truncated cone 51 into a normal force perpendicular to the inclined surface and a radial component force parallel to the axis of the connecting rod 121. This radial component force overcomes the preload of the spring 126 and pushes the two mounting seats 122 to slide along their respective connecting rods 121 away from the central through hole 111. When the two spring cutter holders 12 are spread to a sufficient width, the bamboo is fed into the rotating disc 11.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transmission mechanism 3 includes a motor 31, a small pulley 32, a synchronous belt 33, and a large pulley 34. The output end of the motor 31 is connected to a reducer 35. The reducer 35 is fixed on the frame through a reducer bracket 36. The small pulley 32 is mounted on the output shaft of the reducer 35. The large pulley 34 is connected to the small pulley 32 through the synchronous belt 33. The output end of the large pulley 34 is fixed to the hollow shaft 4.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mounting base 122 is provided with a pair of first rollers 1223 located on the front side of the rotating disk 11 and a pair of second rollers 1224 located on the rear side of the rotating disk 11. The first rollers 1223 and the second rollers 1224 roll along the axial direction of the connecting rod 121 and are in close contact with the rotating disk 11.

[0023] When only the connecting rod 121 provides simple sliding guidance, the mounting base 122 is prone to slight deflection or twisting under combined loads such as cutting reaction force and feed pull, resulting in changes in the cutting angle of the blade 127. Furthermore, frictional resistance exists between the mounting base 122 and the rotating disk 11, as well as between the mounting base 122 and the connecting rod 121, causing partial dissipation of the spring 126 force. This slows down the contact response of the spring tool holder 12 with the bamboo surface, leading to unstable pressure. After long-term operation, severe wear occurs, creating gaps and causing the spring tool holder 12 to wobble, reducing cutting accuracy, and disrupting smooth movement, thus affecting the smoothness of pre-opening and adaptive rebound actions. This invention addresses this by providing rollers on both the front and rear sides of the rotating disk 11, clamping the mounting base 122 onto the plane of the rotating disk 11 from two directions. This ensures that the mounting base 122 can only move linearly along the axis of the connecting rod 121, completely eliminating any possibility of lateral swaying or twisting. This makes the movement trajectory of the blade 127 highly accurate and predictable, providing a fundamental guarantee for a constant cutting depth. The first roller 1223 mainly bears the axial tension generated when the bamboo is fed. When the bamboo is pulled forward, the spring blade holder 12 tends to tilt forward. The first roller 1223 is in close contact with the front surface of the rotating disk 11, effectively resisting this axial force and ensuring that the working plane of the spring blade holder 12 is always parallel to the rotating disk 11. This ensures that the blade 127 is always perpendicular to the bamboo axis for cutting, avoiding uneven cuts or damage to the bamboo green caused by "oblique cutting". The second roller 1224 mainly cooperates with the pre-support start-up. The hollow frustum 51 of structure 5 works and bears the main radial motion guiding task during the adaptive process. During pre-opening, the hollow frustum 51 pushes the second roller 1224, making the opening action more effortless and smooth. During cutting, the second roller 1224 guides the radial following motion and responds sensitively. The first roller 1223 and the second roller 1224 are fixed on the mounting base 122 by a stepped shaft and are axially positioned by a snap ring to prevent the rollers from falling off. The stepped shaft ensures the positional accuracy of the rollers.

[0024] Furthermore, the first roller 1223 is a rubber roller, and the second roller 1224 is a bearing roller.

[0025] The first roller 1223 is designed to resist axial tension and ensure that the working plane of the spring knife holder 12 is parallel to the rotating disk 11. It is made of rubber, which has moderate elasticity, high coefficient of friction and excellent damping characteristics. It can grip the front surface of the rotating disk 11 more effectively, provide reliable anti-slip capability, and absorb the small impacts and vibrations that may be generated when the bamboo pole is fed, preventing noise or damage from rigid collisions and ensuring a smooth cutting process. The second roller 1224 is designed to provide radial guidance with extremely low resistance and to work in conjunction with the pre-opening mechanism 5. It is made of bearing rollers, and the rolling friction coefficient of the bearing rollers is much lower than that of any sliding or rubber rolling contact, resulting in almost zero resistance. This allows the radial movement of the spring knife holder 12 to be smooth and fast, and to track subtle changes in the bamboo surface contour in real time.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base 123 is also provided with a universal ball 128 on the side near the central through hole 111. The outer edge of the universal ball 128 protrudes from the cutting edge of the blade 127 in the radial direction of the rotating disk 11, so that the universal ball 128 contacts the bamboo surface before the blade 127 during radial feeding. The cutting edge of the blade 127 is set in a direction parallel to the axis of the bamboo.

[0027] A freely rolling universal ball 128 is installed in front of the blade 127 and is set to protrude radially from the cutting edge of the blade 127, making it the first contact point between the blade 127 assembly and the bamboo surface. No matter how the spring blade holder 12 moves, the sharp blade will not physically touch the bamboo pole body 1221. The reliability is far higher than that of electronic solutions that rely on sensors or human precision. When the bamboo pole moves linearly relative to the rotating disk 11, the universal ball 128 rolls smoothly on its surface, eliminating frictional damage to the bamboo green and maintaining the natural smoothness of the bamboo surface. At the same time, it greatly reduces the feed resistance, making the equipment run more smoothly and consume less energy.

[0028] Furthermore, the universal ball 128 is mounted on the mounting base 122 via a mounting bracket. An adjusting shim 129 is provided between the mounting bracket and the mounting base 122 to adjust the relative distance between the outer edge of the universal ball 128 and the cutting edge of the blade 127, i.e., the cutting depth.

[0029] The function of the omnidirectional ball 128 is to provide rolling support and define a "reference surface". The amount by which the cutting edge of the blade 127 protrudes relative to this reference surface is the actual cutting depth. The cutting depth can be set by changing the adjusting shims 129 of different thicknesses.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the blade 127 is an indexable blade 127, made of disposable cemented carbide, and the blade 127 is fastened to the base 123 by screws.

[0031] The blade 127 is an indexable blade. When one of the cutting edges wears out, there is no need to replace the entire blade 127. Simply switch the blade 127 to a new, unused cutting edge and then tighten it again. This extends the life of a single blade 127 several times and effectively reduces the consumption cost of the blade 127. In addition, the cemented carbide has extremely high hardness, wear resistance and red hardness, which makes the blade 127 wear-resistant when cutting bamboo and can maintain its sharpness for a long time. This ensures a smooth and clean cutting surface and avoids burrs or tears caused by the wear of the blade 127.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a first position sensor and a second position sensor electrically connected to the control mechanism; The first position sensor is mounted on the frame and located in front of the feed side of the spring cutter head mechanism 1. The first position sensor is used to detect the arrival signal of the bamboo root of the tea stalk. When the control mechanism receives the bamboo arrival signal from the first position sensor, it activates the cylinder 52 of the pre-opening mechanism 5, which drives the end of the hollow truncated cone 51 to slide along the inclined surface of the wing end 1222 of the mounting base 122, thus opening the two spring cutter holders 12. The second position sensor is mounted on the frame and located at the entrance of the central through hole 111 of the spring cutter head mechanism 1. It is used to detect whether the bamboo root of the tea stalk has completely entered the central through hole 111. After the first position sensor is triggered, the control mechanism controls the cylinder 52 of the pre-opening mechanism 5 to return to its original position only when a confirmation signal from the second position sensor is received, and the cutting operation begins.

[0033] The first sensor is installed in front of the feed side. When the bamboo root is about to contact but has not yet contacted the center of the spring cutter head mechanism 1, the pre-opening action is initiated, realizing early clearance. This ensures that the bamboo is in a widened channel from beginning to end, eliminating friction and collision during the feeding stage. The second sensor is installed at the entrance of the central through hole 111. Once the confirmation signal from the second position sensor is received, the cylinder 52 immediately returns, avoiding the problem of the cylinder 52 retracting before the bamboo has fully entered, wasting operation time, and the spring cutter head 12 being in a non-working state for a long time.

[0034] Working principle: Phase 1: Standby Status The rotating spring cutter disc for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches of the present invention is installed on the production line. The spring cutter disc mechanism 1 is in the retracted state. The two symmetrical spring cutter holders 12 move towards the central through hole 111 of the rotating disc 11 under the action of the spring 126, so that the diameter of the central channel is minimized. At this time, the transmission mechanism 3 is not started, the rotating disc 11 is stationary, the cylinder 52 of the pre-opening mechanism 5 is in the contracted state, and the hollow truncated cone 51 moves away from the rotating disc 11.

[0035] Phase Two: Pre-opening and Guided Feeding When the large end (branchless section) of the root of the tea stalk bamboo is pushed towards the spring cutter disc mechanism 1 by the feeding mechanism and detected by the first sensor, the control mechanism issues a command to drive the two cylinders 52 to synchronously push the connecting plate 53 and the hollow truncated cone 51 fixed thereon, moving along the hollow shaft 4 towards the rotating disc 11. At this time, the front end of the hollow truncated cone 51 contacts the inclined surface of the wing end 1222 on the mounting seat 122 of the spring cutter holder 12. As the hollow truncated cone 51 continues to move forward, it pushes the two symmetrical mounting seats 122 axially along their respective connecting rods 121, overcoming the preload of the spring 126 on the connecting rod 121. At the same time, the first roller 1223 and the second roller 1224 on the mounting seat 122 roll close to the front and rear surfaces of the rotating disc 11, respectively, to ensure that the mounting seat 122 remains stable during radial movement and does not wobble or jam.

[0036] Phase 3: Adaptive Fitting and Cutting Initiation When the base of the bamboo pole is fully inserted into the central through hole 111, the second sensor sends a confirmation signal to the control mechanism. At this time, the control mechanism drives the cylinder 52 of the pre-opening mechanism 5 to return, causing the hollow truncated cone 51 to retract and release the thrust on the inclined surface of the mounting base 122. Under the action of the restoring force of the spring 126, the two spring blade holders 12 move towards each other, causing the base 123 and its universal ball 128 and blade 127 to tighten radially inward. Since the outer edge of the universal ball 128 protrudes from the cutting edge of the blade 127, when the spring blade holder 12 tightens, the universal ball 128 first contacts the surface of the bamboo pole. The universal ball 128 can roll freely, changing sliding friction into rolling friction. The spring force makes the universal ball 128 always stick to the bamboo surface with constant and gentle pressure. No matter how the diameter of the bamboo pole changes, the extension and retraction of the spring 126 can make the universal ball 128 track the contour of the bamboo surface in real time. While the universal ball 128 is sticking to the bamboo surface, the cutting edge of the blade 127 is a fixed depth away from the bamboo surface, i.e., the cutting depth. At this time, the control mechanism starts the motor 31, and the power is transmitted through the reducer 35 and the synchronous belt 33 to drive the hollow shaft 4 and the rotating disk 11 fixed thereto to rotate at high speed. The entire spring blade mechanism 1 begins to revolve around the center line of the horizontally passing bamboo pole.

[0037] Phase 4: Dynamic Rotary Cutting The bamboo pole is fed continuously at a constant speed, and the spring cutter head mechanism 1 rotates at high speed. When the rotating spring cutter head 12 encounters a branch on the side of the bamboo pole, the high-speed rotating blade 127 cuts it off from the base of the branch. During the cutting process, the diameter of the bamboo pole continues to decrease, and the spring 126 pushes the spring cutter head 12 to slowly retract towards the center. At the same time, the universal ball 128 always rolls and fits, and the cutting depth of the blade 127 remains constant. When it encounters a bamboo node, the universal ball 128 rolls over the protrusion, the spring cutter head 12 is slightly opened and then quickly springs back, and the blade 127 rises and falls accordingly to avoid damaging the bamboo node. The radial force generated by cutting is borne by the spring 126, while the axial force generated by the bamboo pole feeding is mainly borne by the first roller 1223 that is close to the front surface of the rotating disc 11. The first roller 1223 is made of rubber, which provides buffering and friction. The entire rotating spring cutter head is supported by a pair of angular contact ball bearings 21 in the overall support mechanism 2, which can withstand the combined radial and axial loads to ensure smooth operation without shaking.

[0038] Phase 5: Completion of processing and resetting After the bamboo pole tip passes through the rotating disc 11, the control mechanism stops the motor 31, and the spring blade disc mechanism 1 decelerates and stops rotating, returning to the standby state of the first stage, waiting for the next work cycle.

[0039] It should be understood that the above embodiments are one or more embodiments of the present invention. There are many other embodiments and variations based on the present invention. Any variations and modifications made by those skilled in the art without making pioneering innovations are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotating spring-loaded blade for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches, characterized in that: It includes the frame, spring cutter head mechanism, overall support mechanism, transmission mechanism, and control mechanism; The spring-loaded cutter head mechanism includes a rotating disk and two spring-loaded cutter holders. The rotating disk has a central through hole and two square slots symmetrically arranged in the radial direction of the central through hole. The central through hole communicates with the square slots. The spring-loaded cutter holders include a connecting rod, a mounting base, and a base. One end of the connecting rod is fixed to the rotating disk away from the central through hole by a connecting block, and the connecting rod is coaxial with the square slots. The other end of the connecting rod is fitted with the slidably disposed mounting base. A fixing block is provided on the side of the connecting rod near the central through hole to limit the sliding distance of the mounting base. A spring is fitted on the connecting rod between the connecting block and the mounting base. One end of the spring abuts against the connecting block, and the other end is fixed to the mounting base. The mounting base is connected to the base near the central through hole. A blade is provided on the side of the base near the central through hole, and the plane of the blade is perpendicular to the axis of the connecting rod. The base is also provided with a universal ball on the side near the central through hole. The outer edge of the universal ball protrudes from the cutting edge of the blade in the radial direction of the rotating disk, so that the universal ball contacts the bamboo surface before the blade during radial feeding. The cutting edge of the blade is set in a direction parallel to the axis of the bamboo. The transmission mechanism is fixedly installed on the frame, and a hollow shaft is connected to the output end. The output end of the hollow shaft is coaxially fixed to the spring blade mechanism. The central through hole of the rotating disk is aligned with the through hole of the hollow shaft to form a channel for bamboo to pass through. The hollow shaft is supported in the integral support mechanism by a pair of angular contact ball bearings. The integral support mechanism is fixed on the frame. The transmission mechanism drives the hollow shaft to rotate relative to the integral support mechanism, thereby causing the rotating disk to revolve around the center line of the horizontally passing bamboo. The control mechanism is mounted on the frame and is used to control the automated operation of the entire rotating spring cutter head; It also includes a pre-opening mechanism, which includes a hollow frustum and a cylinder. The inner periphery of the hollow frustum is sleeved on the outer periphery of the hollow shaft. A connecting plate is sleeved on the outer periphery of the hollow frustum, and one end of the hollow frustum near the spring cutter disc mechanism protrudes from the plane of the connecting plate. Both ends of the connecting plate are connected to the output end of the cylinder. The cylinder is fixed on the frame by a support rod. The mounting base includes a body and a wing protruding from the body. The body is slidably sleeved on the connecting rod. One end of the wing is fixed to the body, and the other end extends outward toward the pre-opening mechanism. The wing has an inclined surface for cooperating with the hollow truncated cone to complete the pre-opening action. During operation, the cylinder pushes the hollow truncated cone toward the spring cutter disc mechanism. The end of the hollow truncated cone slides along the inclined surface of the wing, moving the two symmetrically arranged mounting bases away from each other along the axis of the connecting rod, thus widening the distance between the two mounting bases.

2. The rotating spring-loaded blade for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a motor, a small pulley, a synchronous belt, and a large pulley. The output end of the motor is connected to a speed reducer. The speed reducer is fixed on the frame by a speed reducer bracket. The small pulley is mounted on the output shaft of the speed reducer. The large pulley is connected to the small pulley by the synchronous belt. The output end of the large pulley is fixed to the hollow shaft.

3. The rotating spring-loaded blade for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base is provided with a pair of first rollers located on the front side of the rotating disk and a pair of second rollers located on the rear side of the rotating disk. Both the first rollers and the second rollers roll along the axial direction of the connecting rod and are in close contact with the rotating disk.

4. The rotating spring-loaded blade for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first roller is a rubber roller, and the second roller is a bearing roller.

5. The rotating spring-loaded blade for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The universal ball is mounted on the mounting base via a mounting bracket. An adjusting shim is provided between the mounting bracket and the mounting base to adjust the relative distance between the outer edge of the universal ball and the cutting edge of the blade, i.e., the cutting depth.

6. The rotating spring-loaded blade for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade is an indexable blade made of disposable carbide, and the blade is fastened to the base with screws.

7. The rotating spring-loaded blade for removing tea stalks and bamboo branches according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first position sensor and a second position sensor electrically connected to the control mechanism; The first position sensor is mounted on the frame and located in front of the feed side of the spring cutter head mechanism. The first position sensor is used to detect the arrival signal of the bamboo root of the tea stalk. When the control mechanism receives the bamboo arrival signal from the first position sensor, it activates the cylinder of the pre-opening mechanism, which drives the end of the hollow truncated cone to slide along the inclined surface of the wing end of the mounting base, thus opening the two spring cutter heads. The second position sensor is mounted on the frame and located at the central through-hole entrance of the spring cutter head mechanism. It is used to detect whether the bamboo root of the tea stalk has completely entered the central through-hole. After the first position sensor is triggered, the control mechanism controls the cylinder of the pre-opening mechanism to return to its original position only when a confirmation signal from the second position sensor is received, and the cutting operation begins.

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