Preheating oil injection and ignition integrated ignition electrode

Abstract

This invention discloses a preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle, comprising a housing, a central electrode coaxially disposed inside one end of the housing, and side electrodes coaxially sleeved around the central electrode. A cable terminal connected to the central electrode is disposed at one end of the housing. A central oil pipe is disposed inside the central electrode, and an oil inlet pipe connected to the central oil pipe is disposed on the side wall of the housing. A heating electrode is sleeved outside the central oil pipe, and an oil cavity is formed between the inner surface of the heating electrode and the outer surface of the central oil pipe. A spiral flow channel is disposed inside the oil cavity. A nozzle is disposed at the end of the central oil pipe, and the nozzle includes at least one vortex-shaped rotating component rotatably disposed corresponding to the end of the central oil pipe. A nozzle orifice is disposed at the center of the vortex-shaped rotating component, and a heating element assembly with adjustable heating diameter is wound around the end of the nozzle away from the central oil pipe. This invention can fully preheat the fuel before it is sprayed out, ensuring that the fuel quickly reaches the ignition temperature, which helps the fuel to be successfully ignited by the electric spark. It also ensures uniform and sufficient diffusion of the fuel and adjusts the heating gap of the fuel according to the fuel spray flow rate, ensuring that the fuel is fully preheated while achieving sufficient and uniform diffusion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of ignition nozzles, specifically relating to a preheated fuel injection ignition integrated ignition nozzle. Background Technology

[0002] An aero-engine ignition system includes an ignition device, an ignition cable, and an ignition probe. Its function is to generate a high-voltage electrical pulse, which is transmitted through the ignition cable to the tip of the ignition probe to form an electric spark, igniting the combustible mixture in the engine's combustion chamber. Normal engine starting relies on the complete combustion of fuel and air. Besides the ignition system functioning properly, the success of ignition depends on whether the fuel mist sprayed from the fuel injectors in the combustion chamber reacts fully with the electric spark generated by the ignition probe.

[0003] In traditional engines, the ignition nozzle and fuel injector in the combustion chamber are independent and function normally. However, with the further development of the aviation industry, there are existing technologies that couple the ignition nozzle and fuel injector into a single structure. This effectively reduces the size of the entire ignition device and brings the nozzle closer to the ignition nozzle, facilitating smoother fuel ignition.

[0004] However, existing integrated ignition and fuel injection ignition nozzles still have the following problems:

[0005] 1. Difficult to adapt to low-temperature environments. In low-temperature environments, the initial temperature of the oil is much lower than the oil ignition temperature. This makes it difficult for the low-temperature oil to be ignited by the electric spark generated by the electric nozzle when it is sprayed from the nozzle, resulting in oil ignition failure and ultimately causing the engine to fail to start normally in low-temperature environments.

[0006] 2. Due to the integrated design of the oil flow channel, nozzle, and ignition electrode, the space for oil flow and spraying is narrower, which makes it difficult for the oil to form a uniform and fully diffused oil mist when it is finally sprayed from the nozzle, further making it difficult for the oil to be ignited by the electric spark.

[0007] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned problems of existing integrated fuel injection and ignition nozzles, this invention discloses a preheated integrated fuel injection and ignition nozzle. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention discloses a preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle, which can fully preheat the fuel before it is injected, and the fuel is designed to quickly reach the ignition temperature, which helps the fuel to be successfully ignited by the electric spark. At the same time, it can ensure that the fuel is evenly and fully diffused, and the heating gap of the fuel is adjusted according to the fuel injection flow rate to ensure that the fuel is fully and evenly diffused while being fully preheated.

[0009] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0010] A preheated fuel injection ignition integrated ignition nozzle includes a housing. A central electrode is coaxially disposed inside one end of the housing, and side electrodes are coaxially sleeved around the central electrode. A cable terminal connected to the central electrode is disposed at one end of the housing. A central oil pipe is disposed inside the central electrode, and an oil inlet pipe connected to the central oil pipe is disposed on the side wall of the housing. A heating electrode is sleeved outside the central oil pipe, and an oil cavity is formed between the inner side of the heating electrode and the outer side of the central oil pipe. A spiral flow channel is disposed inside the oil cavity. A nozzle is disposed at the end of the central oil pipe. The nozzle includes at least one vortex rotating component rotatably disposed corresponding to the end of the central oil pipe. A nozzle orifice is disposed at the center of the vortex rotating component, and a heating element assembly with adjustable heating diameter is wound around the end of the nozzle away from the central oil pipe.

[0011] To better realize the present invention, the nozzle further includes a nozzle collar and a vortex ring. The nozzle collar is sleeved on the end of the central oil pipe. The first end of the nozzle collar is provided with an oil passage communicating with the oil chamber. The second end of the nozzle collar is coaxially rotatably sleeved with a vortex ring. The center of the vortex ring is provided with a nozzle. The end of the vortex ring near the oil passage is provided with a plurality of spiral involute grooves around the nozzle.

[0012] To better realize the present invention, the vortex ring is further provided with an inclined surface around the nozzle at one end near the oil passage, and a spiral involute groove is provided on the inclined surface.

[0013] To better realize the present invention, the heating element assembly further includes a fixed sleeve, heating elements, and an adjusting ring. The fixed sleeve is coaxially disposed at the end of the nozzle, and the adjusting ring is coaxially movably disposed at the end of the fixed sleeve away from the nozzle. A plurality of heating elements are circumferentially hinged between the fixed sleeve and the adjusting ring. A pressure-receiving inclined surface is disposed at the end of the heating element near the adjusting ring, and a compression inclined surface that cooperates with and contacts the pressure-receiving inclined surface is disposed at the end of the adjusting ring near the heating element.

[0014] To better realize the present invention, an insulating tube is further provided on the outer side of the fixing sleeve, heating plate, adjusting ring and heating electrode.

[0015] To better realize the present invention, a conductive tube is further provided on the outside of the insulating tube, and the outer surface of the conductive tube is in contact with the central electrode.

[0016] To better realize the present invention, a limiting washer is further provided coaxially at the end of the adjusting ring away from the heating element.

[0017] To better realize the present invention, further, the side electrode has a plurality of side slots arranged circumferentially on its side wall, a connecting step is provided between the side electrode and the center electrode, a plurality of openings are evenly distributed circumferentially on the connecting step, and a plurality of center slots are provided on the side wall of the center electrode corresponding to the side slots.

[0018] To better realize the present invention, further, a plurality of flame jet ports are provided on the side wall of the side electrode.

[0019] To better realize the present invention, the end face of the connecting step is further flush with the end face of the central electrode.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) The present invention provides a heating electrode outside the central oil pipe so that when the oil flows into the oil cavity between the central oil pipe and the heating electrode, the oil flows along the spiral flow channel, and the heating electrode can fully preheat the oil, effectively increasing the initial temperature of the oil and avoiding the situation where the oil temperature is too low and the electric spark cannot ignite the oil smoothly.

[0022] (2) The present invention provides a nozzle at the end of the central oil pipe and makes the vortex ring in the nozzle rotate under the impact of the oil. The rotation of the vortex ring makes the oil spray out more evenly from the nozzle and ensures that the oil can be fully diffused to form an oil mist, which helps the subsequent electric spark to ignite the oil.

[0023] (3) The present invention provides a heating element assembly around the nozzle of the central oil pipe and adjusts the heating diameter of the heating element assembly according to the flow rate of the oil injection, so that the gap between the heating element assembly and the oil is always at a suitable distance, ensuring that the injected oil is effectively heated without hindering the oil injection and diffusion. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a preheated fuel injection ignition integrated ignition nozzle;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part A;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion slope and the compression slope;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the center electrode and the side electrode;

[0028] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a preheated fuel injection ignition integrated electric nozzle.

[0029] Wherein: 1-outer shell; 2-center electrode; 3-side electrode; 4-center oil pipe; 5-heating electrode; 6-spiral flow channel; 7-nozzle; 8-heating plate assembly; 9-insulating tube; 10-conductive tube; 21-center slot; 31-side slot; 32-opening; 33-flame jet nozzle; 71-nozzle collar; 72-vortex ring; 81-fixing sleeve; 82-heating plate; 83-adjusting ring; 84-limiting washer; 100-pressure inclined surface; 200-extrusion inclined surface. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] This embodiment features a preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a housing 1. A central electrode 2 is coaxially disposed inside one end of the housing 1. Side electrodes 3 are coaxially sleeved around the central electrode 2. A cable terminal block connected to the central electrode 2 is disposed at one end of the housing 1. A central oil pipe 4 is disposed inside the central electrode 2. An oil inlet pipe connected to the central oil pipe 4 is disposed on the side wall of the housing 1. A heating electrode 5 is sleeved outside the central oil pipe 4. An oil cavity is formed between the inner side of the heating electrode 5 and the outer side of the central oil pipe 4. A spiral flow channel 6 is disposed inside the oil cavity. A nozzle 7 is disposed at the end of the central oil pipe 4. The nozzle 7 includes at least one vortex rotating component rotatably disposed corresponding to the end of the central oil pipe 4. A nozzle is disposed at the center of the vortex rotating component. A heating element assembly 8 with an adjustable heating diameter is arranged around the end of the nozzle away from the central oil pipe 4.

[0032] The cable terminal connects to the cable, which inputs current to the central electrode through the cable terminal to create a spark between the central electrode 2 and the side electrode 3. The side electrode 3 is fixed to the outer casing 1 by circumferential welding. The oil inlet pipe connects to an external oil supply device, and the oil flows into the central oil pipe 4 through the oil inlet pipe and then into the oil chamber, where it swirls along the spiral flow channel 6 inside the oil chamber. During the swirling process, the oil is preheated by the heating electrode 5, thereby increasing the oil temperature. The swirling oil flows to the nozzle 7 and acts on the vortex rotating component. Under the impact of the oil, the vortex rotating component rotates circumferentially, and the rotation of the vortex rotating component makes the oil sprayed more evenly through the nozzle. During the oil spraying process, the heating element assembly 8 further heats the sprayed oil, bringing it to a temperature range that is easy to ignite, thus effectively avoiding ignition failure. At the same time, the heating element assembly 8 can adjust its heating diameter according to the amount of oil sprayed. A smaller heating diameter allows the heating element assembly 8 to be closer to the oil, resulting in a smaller oil flow rate; a larger heating diameter allows the heating element assembly 8 to be further away from the oil, resulting in a larger oil flow rate. By adjusting the heating diameter of the heating element assembly 8, the heating element assembly 8 can maintain a suitable distance from the sprayed oil under various oil flow rates, thereby ensuring effective heating of the sprayed oil without hindering its spraying and diffusion.

[0033] Example 2:

[0034] This embodiment discloses a preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle, which is an optimization based on Embodiment 1, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the nozzle 7 includes a nozzle collar 71 and a vortex ring 72. The nozzle collar 71 is sleeved on the end of the central oil pipe 4. The first end of the nozzle collar 71 is provided with an oil passage communicating with the oil chamber. The second end of the nozzle collar 71 is coaxially rotatably sleeved with the vortex ring 72. The center of the vortex ring 72 is provided with a nozzle opening. The end of the vortex ring 72 near the oil passage is provided with a plurality of spiral involute grooves around the nozzle opening.

[0035] The second end of the nozzle collar 71 is provided with a rotating ring groove, and one end of the vortex ring 72 is rotatably connected to the rotating ring groove, allowing the vortex ring 72 to rotate circumferentially relative to the nozzle collar 71. The nozzle collar 71 is fitted and welded to the end of the central oil pipe 4. When the oil flows from the oil passage into the interior of the vortex ring 72, part of the oil is directly ejected from the nozzle, and part of the oil impacts the spiral involute groove, thereby driving the vortex ring 72 to rotate. Through the rotation of the vortex ring 72, the oil can be ejected more fully and evenly from the nozzle, and the well-diffused oil is easier to ignite.

[0036] Furthermore, the vortex ring 72 has an inclined surface around the nozzle at one end near the oil passage, and the inclined surface has a spiral involute groove, with the inclination angle of the inclined surface preferably being 30°-45°.

[0037] The rest of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, so it will not be described again.

[0038] Example 3:

[0039] This embodiment discloses a preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle, which is an optimization based on Embodiment 1 or 2, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the heating element assembly 8 includes a fixing sleeve 81, heating elements 82, and an adjusting ring 83. The fixing sleeve 81 is coaxially disposed at the end of the nozzle 7. The adjusting ring 83 is coaxially movably disposed at the end of the fixing sleeve 81 away from the nozzle 7. A plurality of heating elements 82 are circumferentially hinged between the fixing sleeve 81 and the adjusting ring 83. A pressure-bearing inclined surface 100 is disposed at the end of the heating element 82 near the adjusting ring 83. A compression inclined surface 200 is disposed at the end of the adjusting ring 83 near the heating element 82, which is in contact with the pressure-bearing inclined surface 100.

[0040] The inner wall of the center electrode 2 is provided with an internal thread, and the outer wall of the adjusting ring 83 is provided with an external thread. Through the cooperation of the internal and external threads, the adjusting ring 83 is installed inside the center electrode 2. By transferring the adjusting ring 83, the adjusting ring 83 moves along the axial direction of the center electrode 2, thereby driving the pressing inclined surface 200 at one end of the adjusting ring 83 to press the pressing inclined surface 100 at one end of the heating element 82. Under the pressing force, the heating element 82 rotates relative to the fixed sleeve 81, thereby adjusting the heating diameter of the heating element 82.

[0041] Preferably, thermally conductive silicone grease is provided between the heating element 82 and the nozzle, and the heating element 82 is a ceramic heating element, which is covered with an aluminum alloy shell.

[0042] Furthermore, an insulating tube 9 is provided on the outer side of the fixing sleeve 81, heating plate 82, adjusting ring 83, and heating electrode 5. The insulating tube 9 is made of A-95 ceramic tube with a thickness of less than or equal to 3mm. The heating electrode 5 is welded to the inner wall of the insulating tube 9.

[0043] Furthermore, a conductive tube 10 is sleeved on the outside of the insulating tube 9, and the outer side of the conductive tube 10 is in contact with the central electrode 2. The conductive tube 10 is welded to the outer side of the insulating tube 9.

[0044] Furthermore, a limiting washer 84 is coaxially provided at the end of the adjusting ring 83 away from the heating element 82. The limiting washer 84 is threadedly installed inside the center electrode 2 and is made of insulating material. The limiting washer 84 limits the axial movement position of the adjusting ring 83.

[0045] The rest of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1 or 2, so it will not be described again.

[0046] Example 4:

[0047] This embodiment discloses a preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle, which is optimized based on any one of embodiments 1-3, such as... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the side electrode 3 has a plurality of side slots 31 arranged circumferentially on its side wall, a connecting step is provided between the side electrode 3 and the center electrode 2, and a plurality of openings 32 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the connecting step, and a plurality of center slots 21 are provided on the side wall of the center electrode 2 corresponding to the side slots 31.

[0048] By setting a central slot 21, a side slot 31, and an opening 32, some of the oil sprayed from the nozzle can be evenly diffused into the ignition gap between the central electrode 2 and the side electrode 3 through the central slot 21 and the side slot 31, ensuring that the electric spark between the central electrode 2 and the side electrode 3 can more easily ignite the oil.

[0049] Furthermore, the side electrode 3 is provided with a plurality of flame jet ports 33. By providing flame jet ports 33, the oil is ensured to burn completely, and the resulting flame distribution is also ensured to be more uniform.

[0050] Furthermore, the end face of the connecting step is flush with the end face of the central electrode 2.

[0051] The rest of this embodiment is the same as any one of embodiments 1-3, so it will not be described again.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preheated fuel injection ignition integrated ignition nozzle, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that, A central electrode (2) is coaxially arranged inside one end of the outer shell (1), and a side electrode (3) is coaxially sleeved around the central electrode (2). A cable terminal connected to the central electrode (2) is provided at one end of the outer shell (1). A central oil pipe (4) is provided inside the central electrode (2), and an oil inlet pipe connected to the central oil pipe (4) is provided on the side wall of the outer shell (1). A heating electrode (5) is sleeved outside the central oil pipe (4). An oil cavity is formed between the inner side of the heating electrode (5) and the outer side of the central oil pipe (4). A spiral flow channel (6) is provided inside the oil cavity. A nozzle (7) is provided at the end of the central oil pipe (4). The nozzle (7) includes at least one vortex rotating component rotatably arranged corresponding to the end of the central oil pipe (4). A nozzle is provided at the center of the vortex rotating component. A heating element assembly (8) with adjustable heating diameter is arranged around the end of the nozzle away from the central oil pipe (4).

2. The preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle (7) includes a nozzle collar (71) and a vortex ring (72). The nozzle collar (71) is sleeved on the end of the central oil pipe (4). The first end of the nozzle collar (71) is provided with an oil passage communicating with the oil chamber. The second end of the nozzle collar (71) is coaxially rotatably sleeved with the vortex ring (72). The center of the vortex ring (72) is provided with a nozzle. The end of the vortex ring (72) near the oil passage is provided with several spiral involute grooves around the nozzle.

3. The preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vortex ring (72) has an inclined surface around the nozzle at one end near the oil passage, and a spiral involute groove is provided on the inclined surface.

4. A preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The heating element assembly (8) includes a fixed sleeve (81), heating elements (82), and an adjusting ring (83). The fixed sleeve (81) is coaxially disposed at the end of the nozzle (7). The adjusting ring (83) is coaxially movably disposed at the end of the fixed sleeve (81) away from the nozzle (7). Several heating elements (82) are circumferentially hinged between the fixed sleeve (81) and the adjusting ring (83). A pressure inclined surface (100) is disposed at the end of the heating element (82) near the adjusting ring (83). A compression inclined surface (200) that is in contact with the pressure inclined surface (100) is disposed at the end of the adjusting ring (83) near the heating element (82).

5. The preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that, An insulating tube (9) is fitted around the outside of the fixing sleeve (81), heating plate (82), adjusting ring (83), and heating electrode (5).

6. The preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The insulating tube (9) is covered with a conductive tube (10), and the outer surface of the conductive tube (10) is in contact with the central electrode (2).

7. The preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that, A limiting washer (84) is coaxially provided at the end of the adjusting ring (83) away from the heating element (82).

8. A preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The side electrode (3) has several side slots (31) arranged circumferentially on its side wall. A connecting step is provided between the side electrode (3) and the center electrode (2). Several openings (32) are evenly distributed circumferentially on the connecting step. Several center slots (21) are provided on the side wall of the center electrode (2) corresponding to the side slots (31).

9. A preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle according to claim 8, characterized in that, The side electrode (3) has several flame jets (33) on its side wall.

10. A preheated fuel injection and ignition integrated ignition nozzle according to claim 9, characterized in that, The end face of the connecting step is flush with the end face of the center electrode (2).

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