A method for reducing friction in rolling bearing cages based on friction torque optimization

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for reducing friction in rolling bearing cages based on friction torque optimization, belonging to the field of bearing lubrication technology. It solves the problems of cumbersome improvements to existing bearing cage structures, limited lubricant drainage effects, and inability to leverage the synergistic advantages of lubrication and friction reduction. The method includes creating end-face drainage textures on the bearing cage end face based on a texturing mechanism, texturing the inner wall of the cage pockets, creating drainage textures in the pockets, and verifying and optimizing the friction torque results of the bearing cage based on tests on a full bearing test bench. In this invention, without changing the main structure of the cage, texturing is performed on the end face and pockets of the bearing cage, respectively. By enhancing the hydrodynamic pressure effect, the lubricant on both sides of the inner track of the cage is directionally induced to migrate to the center of the lubrication track for utilization, thereby improving the lubrication state between the rolling elements and the inner and outer rings and significantly reducing the friction torque during bearing operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bearing lubrication technology, specifically relating to a method for reducing friction in rolling bearing cages based on optimized friction torque. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of high-power-density mechanical equipment such as aircraft engines, high-speed trains, and electric vehicles, rolling bearings directly affect the reliability, efficiency, and lifespan of these devices. With the development of modern industry towards higher speeds and heavier loads, the rotational speed requirements for rolling bearings are increasing. In high-speed operating environments, the dynamic behavior of the lubricant becomes a critical challenge: centrifugal force and the squeezing action of the rolling elements cause the lubricant to be pushed to both sides of the contact area, leading to excessive lubricant loss and oil shortage. This not only significantly increases the bearing's frictional torque and accelerates wear but also easily causes equipment failures such as overheating, vibration, or premature failure. Therefore, optimizing bearing lubrication and reducing frictional torque has become an urgent need to improve the performance of mechanical equipment. As a key component of the bearing, the cage plays a central role in regulating the flow and distribution of lubricant, and its design directly affects the frictional behavior between the rolling elements and the cage contact area and raceways.

[0003] Currently, research on cage friction reduction technology mainly focuses on three aspects: first, improving the low-friction cage structure by optimizing the cage geometry to promote effective lubricant entry into the contact area and reduce friction; second, improving material properties by using new materials such as self-lubricating materials and composite materials to reduce the coefficient of friction and improve material performance; and third, surface treatment, where texturing can induce directional lubricant migration, and coating modification can enhance lubricant replenishment by changing the surface wettability gradient, thereby achieving the purpose of friction reduction and improving lubrication. However, current research still has certain limitations. First, surface texture patterns are mostly simple topologies with geometric shapes, mainly achieving friction reduction by reducing the contact area, but with insufficient lubricant drainage effect. Research on complex shapes such as biomimetic cage textures and Tesla valves is still lacking. Second, existing research has not fully considered the dynamic characteristics of the cage in actual bearing operation and the specific impact mechanism on lubricant flow distribution. The explanation of how the cage improves lubrication is not yet comprehensive, and existing methods mostly focus on single friction reduction methods, without exploring the combination of end face and pocket textures, thus failing to leverage the synergistic advantages of drainage and friction reduction. Third, most current cage friction reduction methods focus on structural improvements to the cage. While these can improve bearing lubrication characteristics, the space occupied by the lubrication device makes the bearing-related assembly structure cumbersome, and very few approaches involve textural design without altering the main cage structure. These limitations restrict the applicability of bearing technology in high-speed, high-load scenarios. To address these issues, we propose a rolling bearing cage friction reduction method based on friction torque optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a rolling bearing cage friction reduction method based on friction torque optimization. This method solves the problems of cumbersome improvement of existing bearing cage structures, limited lubricant diversion effect, and inability to leverage the synergistic advantages of lubrication diversion and friction reduction.

[0005] To address the issues of cumbersome improvements to existing bearing cage structures, limited lubricant drainage effects, and inability to leverage the synergistic advantages of lubrication drainage and friction reduction, we propose a friction reduction method for rolling bearing cages based on friction torque optimization. In short, existing experiments have revealed a significant accumulation of unused lubricant on the upper edge of the cage during rolling element movement. Therefore, this method first utilizes a texturing mechanism to create end-face drainage textures on the bearing cage end faces, enabling directional lubricant migration and accelerating lubricant flow efficiency, thus reducing lubricant loss. Second, the lubrication distribution within the cage pockets directly determines the replenishment and redistribution of lubricant on the rolling element surface. Texturing the inner walls of the bearing cage pockets will significantly improve drainage, friction reduction, and oil storage. The rolling elements are installed within a bearing cage with simultaneously textured end faces and pocket inner walls. Finally, the friction torque results of the bearing cage are verified and optimized using a full bearing test bench. In this embodiment of the invention, without changing the main structure of the cage, a dual optimization friction reduction method for rolling bearing cages is provided. Texture treatment is performed on the end face and pocket of the bearing cage, respectively. First, the lubricant on the upper edge of the pocket is guided into the pocket in an orderly manner. Second, the lubricant on both sides of the track inside the cage pocket is directionally induced to migrate into the lubrication track by enhancing the hydrodynamic pressure effect, thereby improving the lubrication state between the rolling elements and the inner and outer rings and significantly reducing the friction torque during bearing operation.

[0006] This invention is implemented as follows: a method for reducing friction in rolling bearing cages based on optimized friction torque, the method comprising: S10, based on the texturing process, an end-face drainage texture is opened on the end face of the bearing cage to improve the end-face drainage effect of the non-contact part of the bearing cage and rolling elements through the end-face drainage texture; S20, the inner wall of the bearing cage pocket is textured to reduce friction, and a pocket drainage texture is opened to improve the drainage effect of the inner wall of the pocket in the non-contact part of the bearing cage and rolling elements. S30, the rolling elements are installed in the bearing cage with the end face and pocket inner wall simultaneously textured, and the lubricant is directionally induced to migrate to the rolling element-cage contact area, reducing the bearing running friction torque; S40, based on the full bearing test bench test, verifies and optimizes the friction torque results of the bearing cage.

[0007] Preferably, the end face drainage texture is an array of drainage grooves based on the surface texture of a scallop shell, and the array of drainage grooves is formed on the end face of the bearing cage.

[0008] Preferably, the end face drainage texture is a crescent-shaped auxiliary oil reservoir and a flow guide groove array. The crescent-shaped auxiliary oil reservoir is formed on the end face of the bearing cage, and the flow guide groove array is provided on the crescent-shaped auxiliary oil reservoir.

[0009] Preferably, the end face drainage texture is a gradient return array, which is disposed on the end face of the bearing cage. The end face of the bearing cage includes an inclined surface, an arc surface, a cycloid surface, and a vertical surface.

[0010] Preferably, the pocket drainage texture is a V-shaped texture, with an inclined groove inside the V-shaped texture. The convergent-divergent flow channel formed by the inclined groove is used to guide the lubricant to the lubrication contact area. The bottom of the V-shaped texture is used to store oil, thereby ensuring that the lubricant is continuously backfilled to the lubrication raceway under the squeezing action of the wall.

[0011] Preferably, the drainage pocket is a pattern, and the pattern shape is similar to that of a Monstera deliciosa leaf.

[0012] Preferably, the pocket drainage texture is a secondary induction texture, which includes an oil storage groove and a drainage groove, and the oil storage groove and the drainage groove are connected.

[0013] Preferably, the drainage pocket texture is a wedge-shaped groove array, in which the depth of the grooves varies linearly from the wide end of the wedge to the tip.

[0014] Preferably, the bearing cage is provided with 12 pockets, and three sets of rolling parts are installed inside the bearing cage. The three sets of rolling parts are circumferentially arranged, and each set of rolling parts is provided with one or two sets of rolling elements. The end face drainage texture and the pocket drainage texture are alternately arranged in the pockets of the bearing cage.

[0015] Preferably, the method for verifying and optimizing the friction torque results of the bearing cage based on a full bearing test bench includes: S401, using 3D printing technology to create resin matrix samples with end-face drainage texture or pocket texture; S402, PAO lubricating oil was dripped onto the resin matrix sample, and the migration test of oil droplets on untextured and textured surfaces was carried out on the resin matrix sample to observe the migration behavior of oil droplets on textured surfaces. S403: Under full oil supply conditions, obtain friction torque test data for untextured and textured cages, compare the friction torque test data of untextured and textured cages, and optimize geometric parameters.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this application have the following main advantages: In this embodiment of the invention, without changing the main structure of the cage, a dual optimization friction reduction method for rolling bearing cages is provided. Texture treatment is performed on the end face and pocket of the bearing cage, respectively. By enhancing the hydrodynamic pressure effect, the lubricant on both sides of the inner track of the cage is directionally induced to migrate into the lubrication track and be utilized, thereby improving the lubrication state between the rolling elements and the inner and outer rings and significantly reducing the friction torque during bearing operation.

[0017] In this embodiment of the invention, the actual operating conditions of the bearing are simulated by full bearing bench testing. The geometric parameters of the cage structure or texture are explored step by step. By observing the oil film interference image at the contact point, the magnitude of the friction torque is compared and analyzed, and the influence of the texture pattern on the lubrication state and friction force is quantitatively analyzed.

[0018] The concept of the fastest structure, biomimetic texture, and graded induction involved in this invention can be applied to any friction contact surface, and can give full play to the synergistic effect of different types of texture in terms of flow diversion and friction reduction. The principle is scientific and reliable, with a wide range of applications, and meets the needs of high-speed mechanical equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a general schematic diagram of the textured rolling bearing cage according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the array drainage channel structure provided by the present invention is shown.

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the crescent-shaped auxiliary oil storage tank and guide channel array structure provided by the present invention is shown.

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the gradient recirculation array structure provided by the present invention is shown.

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the pocket drainage texture provided by the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 6 The diagram shows different types of texture combinations in this invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the oil droplet migration in the cage end face pocket drainage texture in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the friction torque test results with and without a textured cage according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the friction torque test results with and without a textured cage according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1-rolling part, 2-end face drainage texture, 201-array drainage groove, 202-crescent-shaped auxiliary oil storage groove, 203-drainage groove array, 204-sloping surface, 205-arc surface, 206-cycloidal surface, 207-vertical surface, 3-pocket drainage texture, 301-V-shaped texture, 302-texture pattern, 303-oil storage groove, 304-drainage groove, 305-wedge-shaped groove array. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or foregoing drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order.

[0030] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0031] To address the problems of cumbersome improvements to existing bearing cage structures, limited lubricant drainage effects, and inability to leverage the synergistic advantages of drainage and friction reduction, we propose a rolling bearing cage friction reduction method based on friction torque optimization. In short, the method first involves creating an end-face drainage texture 2 on the bearing cage end face based on a texturing mechanism, then texturing the inner wall of the cage pocket for friction reduction, and finally creating a pocket drainage texture 3. The rolling elements are then installed within the bearing cage, where both the end face and the inner wall of the pocket have been simultaneously texturized. Finally, the friction torque results of the bearing cage are verified and optimized based on testing on a full bearing test bench. In this embodiment, without altering the main cage structure, a dual-optimization friction reduction method for rolling bearing cages is provided. Texturing is performed on both the bearing cage end face and the pocket, respectively. By enhancing the hydrodynamic pressure effect, the lubricant on both sides of the cage's inner track is directionally induced to migrate into the lubrication track for utilization, thereby improving the lubrication state between the rolling elements and the inner and outer rings and significantly reducing the friction torque during bearing operation.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] This invention provides a method for reducing friction in rolling bearing cages based on optimized friction torque. The method includes: S10, Based on the texturing process, an end face drainage texture 2 is opened on the end face of the bearing cage to improve the end face drainage effect of the non-contact part of the bearing cage and the rolling elements. S20, the inner wall of the bearing cage pocket is textured to reduce friction, and a pocket drainage texture 3 is opened to improve the drainage effect of the inner wall of the pocket in the contact part between the bearing cage and the rolling element. S30 involves installing the rolling elements within a bearing cage that has undergone simultaneous texturing of the end face and the inner wall of the pocket. This allows for the directional induction of lubricant migration to the rolling element-cage contact area, thereby reducing the bearing's operating friction torque.

[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, the end-face drainage texture 2 is an array of drainage channels 201, crescent-shaped auxiliary oil storage channels 202, and a flow guiding groove array 203 or a gradient return array based on the surface texture of a scallop shell, while the pocket texture 3 is a V-shaped texture 301, a texture pattern 302, a secondary induced texture, or a wedge-shaped groove array 305. Figure 1 This is a general schematic diagram of the textured rolling bearing cage according to the present invention, wherein the end face of the bearing cage is provided with an end face drainage texture 2. Figure 1 Textures A, B, C, and D together form end-face drainage texture 2. Texture A is an array of drainage channels 201, texture B is a crescent-shaped auxiliary oil storage channel 202 and a guide channel array 203, texture C is a sloped surface 204 in a gradient return array, and texture D is an arc surface 205 in a gradient return array; while Figure 1 Textures E, F, G, and H form a gradient reflow array, where texture E is a V-shaped texture 301, texture F is a texture pattern 302, texture G is a secondary induced texture, and texture H is a wedge-shaped groove array 305. S40, based on the full bearing test bench test, verifies and optimizes the friction torque results of the bearing cage.

[0035] In this embodiment of the invention, without changing the main structure of the cage, a dual optimization friction reduction method for rolling bearing cages is provided. Texture treatment is performed on the end face and pocket of the bearing cage, respectively. First, the lubricant on the upper edge of the pocket is guided into the pocket in an orderly manner. Second, the lubricant on both sides of the track inside the cage pocket is directionally induced to migrate into the lubrication track by enhancing the hydrodynamic pressure effect, thereby improving the lubrication state between the rolling elements and the inner and outer rings and significantly reducing the friction torque during bearing operation.

[0036] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2As shown, the end-face drainage texture 2 is an array of drainage channels 201 based on the surface texture of a scallop shell. The array of drainage channels 201 is formed on the end face of the bearing cage. In this embodiment, based on the research on the drag reduction mechanism of marine organisms, an array of drainage channels 201 with a surface texture similar to that of a scallop shell is formed on the end face of the bearing cage. The angle β, width H, and number N of the array of drainage channels 201 are set to guide the disordered lubricant to the rolling element-cage contact area in an orderly manner, thereby improving the lubrication state and reducing the friction torque.

[0037] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the end face drainage texture 2 consists of a crescent-shaped auxiliary oil reservoir 202 and a flow guide groove array 203. The crescent-shaped auxiliary oil reservoir 202 is formed on the end face of the bearing cage, and the flow guide groove array 203 is provided on the crescent-shaped auxiliary oil reservoir 202. The crescent-shaped auxiliary oil reservoir 202 and the flow guide groove array 203 work together to reduce the frictional resistance between the rolling elements and the cage.

[0038] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, inspired by the brachistochrone of a falling ball, the return flow structure of the end face is modified to affect the return flow effect of the lubricant. The end face flow guiding texture 2 is a gradient return flow array, which is set on the end face of the bearing cage. The end face of the bearing cage includes an inclined surface 204, an arc surface 205, a cycloid surface 206, and a vertical surface 207. The optimal end face is explored through experiments.

[0039] In this embodiment, the geometric parameters of the end-face drainage texture 2 need to be experimentally investigated to obtain the optimal values ​​for improving lubrication and reducing frictional torque. For example, the cycloidal equation for an end-face width of 3mm and a height of 2mm is:

[0040] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the pocket-shaped flow-guiding texture 3 is a V-shaped texture 301. An inclined groove is provided in the V-shaped texture 301. The convergent-divergent flow channel formed by the inclined groove is used to guide the lubricant to the lubrication contact area. The bottom of the V-shaped texture 301 is used to store oil, thereby achieving the effect of oil storage. Under the squeezing action of the wall, the lubricant is continuously backfilled into the lubrication raceway.

[0041] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the pocket drainage texture 3 is a texture pattern 302. The texture pattern 302 is shaped like a Monstera deliciosa leaf. By comparing the texture pattern 302 designed to resemble a Monstera deliciosa leaf, the texture has excellent friction reduction and wear resistance performance by comparing the rib angle, rib symmetry and the presence or absence of elliptical holes.

[0042] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the pocket drainage texture 3 is a secondary induction texture. The secondary induction texture includes an oil storage groove 303 and a drainage groove 304. The oil storage groove 303 and the drainage groove 304 are connected. The graded induction mechanism can minimize lubricant loss.

[0043] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the pocket drainage texture 3 is a wedge-shaped groove array 305. The depth of the grooves in the wedge-shaped groove array 305 changes linearly from the deepest end of the wedge to the shallowest end. The wedge-shaped groove array 305 is symmetrically distributed along the center line of the lubrication contact area. The tips of the triangular grooves point away from the central raceway. The cross-section of the grooves is V-shaped, and the depth of the grooves changes linearly from the deepest end of the wedge to the shallowest end. The gradient groove texture can significantly enhance the hydrodynamic effect, and the oil droplets are confined to the wedge-shaped area under the action of unbalanced interfacial tension. The curvature gradient of the wedge structure in the wedge-shaped groove array 305 generates a longitudinal Laplace pressure difference in the oil droplets, forming a driving force along the center of the raceway. During movement, the Laplace pressure difference and surface tension jointly counteract the hysteresis resistance, pushing the oil droplets to migrate towards the lubrication center.

[0044] In this embodiment, the bearing cage has 12 pockets, and three sets of rolling elements 1 are installed inside the bearing cage. The three sets of rolling elements 1 are circumferentially distributed, and each set of rolling elements 1 has one or two sets of rolling bodies. End face drainage texture 2 and pocket texture 3 are alternately arranged within the pockets of the bearing cage. To save materials, a single bearing cage can have four textures, where the texture can be understood as end face drainage texture 2 and pocket texture 3, arranged alternately, thereby making full use of the bearing cage space and significantly saving experimental materials and time. This is to investigate better lubrication of the rolling bearing and reduce frictional torque during operation. Figure 6 The diagrams show different types of texture combinations in this invention, wherein, Figure 6 A has a set of rolling elements in the rolling part 1. Figure 6 In section B, the rolling part 1 is provided with two sets of rolling elements. Figure 6 In A, textures C, D, and E can be different types of textures, while Figure 6 In section B, the textures of the two sets of rolling elements in rolling section 1 can be texture D and texture F. The types of textures can be arranged alternately; for example, texture C has a friction-reducing effect, and texture E has a flow-guiding effect. Different types of textures can be arranged alternately. Simultaneously, end-face flow-guiding textures and pocket textures can also be combined, for example... Figure 1 The AD and EH texture settings can be configured according to specific usage scenarios. Combining different texture types can maximize the advantages of texture flow and friction reduction.

[0045] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for verifying and optimizing the friction torque results of the bearing cage based on a full bearing test bench includes: S401, a resin matrix sample with end face drainage texture 2 or pocket texture 3 is produced using 3D printing technology; S402, PAO lubricating oil was dripped onto the resin matrix sample, and the migration test of oil droplets on untextured and textured surfaces was carried out on the resin matrix sample to observe the migration behavior of oil droplets on textured surfaces. S403: Under limited oil supply conditions, obtain friction torque test data for untextured and textured cages, compare the friction torque test data of untextured and textured cages, and optimize geometric parameters.

[0046] In this embodiment of the invention, the actual operating conditions of the bearing are simulated through full bearing bench testing. The geometric parameters of the cage structure or texture are explored step by step. By observing the oil film interference images at the contact points, the magnitude of the frictional torque is compared and analyzed. The influence of the texture pattern 302 on the lubrication state and friction is quantitatively analyzed, and finally, the design is optimized based on the actual results. Based on a thorough understanding of the contact characteristics between the bearing cage and the rolling elements, as well as the interaction between the cage and the lubricant, on the bearing lubrication state, the structure of the cage end face and pockets is improved respectively. The influence of different combinations of texture types on the test results is studied to ensure that the frictional torque can be significantly reduced and the lubrication state improved under actual bearing operating conditions.

[0047] The concept of the fastest structure, biomimetic texture, and graded induction involved in this invention can be applied to any friction contact surface, and can give full play to the synergistic effect of different types of texture in terms of flow diversion and friction reduction. The principle is scientific and reliable, with a wide range of applications, and meets the needs of high-speed mechanical equipment.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end face drainage texture 2 is an array of drainage channels 201 based on the surface texture of a scallop shell. The array of drainage channels 201, which are based on the surface texture of a scallop shell, guides the flow of lubricant in an orderly manner, thereby reducing friction of the rolling bearing cage.

[0050] Among them, the friction reduction method for the rolling bearing cage of the array drainage groove 201 with the imitation scallop shell surface texture includes: S101, a resin flat substrate measuring 60mm × 30mm × 5mm is produced using 3D printing technology, on which a scallop shell-like textured pattern 302 is applied, such as... Figure 7 As shown, there are several textured grooves on the resin plate substrate to verify the feasibility of using textured pattern 302 for oil droplet migration. S102, using PAO oil as the lubricant, migration tests were conducted on a resin plate substrate on untextured (left) and textured (right) surfaces. The right side of the substrate was given a certain height, with the same inclination as the end face, to simulate the effect of gravity. 12 μL of PAO oil was added to an appropriate location on the sample block, and observations were made after 5 seconds of stillness. Figure 7 As shown, oil droplets naturally form ellipsoids on untextured surfaces, preferentially diffusing to both sides, and slightly diffusing to the right under the influence of gravity. On textured surfaces, they initially diffuse to both sides, then migrate along the right side of the pattern after entering the textured area, with a more pronounced migration effect, while simultaneously inhibiting migration to both sides. Therefore, this textured pattern 302 has a significant effect on inducing oil droplet migration. S103, using the sample matrix to observe the test results, a textured pattern 302 is designed on the end face of the cage, specifically as follows: Figure 5 As shown on the right. The texture geometry is set to facilitate subsequent cage design optimization, as detailed below. Figure 2 An array of drainage grooves 201 is formed on the end face of the bearing cage, featuring a textured surface resembling a scallop shell. The angle β, width H, and number N of the array of drainage grooves 201 are defined. In this embodiment, β = 45°, H = 0.52 mm, and N = 9-21 grooves are selected, and the number of textured grooves is investigated. S104, the test results of the frictional torque of the full bearing with and without a textured cage under fully lubricated conditions are as follows: Figure 8 As shown, taking a bearing cage with N=13 as an example, the test results of the grooved glass disc show that the frictional torque of the textured cage is significantly lower than that of the untextured cage. Since the bearing rings used in the project are made of steel, the test was conducted using a grooved steel disc, and the test results were the same as those of the glass disc. This result not only verifies the accuracy of the test results of the grooved glass disc, but also proves that this texture has a good friction-reducing effect in actual bearings.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pocket texture 3 is a V-shaped texture 301, which realizes the drainage and friction reduction of the rolling bearing cage.

[0053] Among them, the rolling bearing cage friction reduction method based on V-texture 301 includes: S201, using 3D printing technology, V-shaped grooves are processed on the inner wall of the cage pocket. The direction of the suction speed is the direction of the included angle from the top opening of the V-shaped groove to the bottom opening. Define the geometric dimensions of the V-shaped texture 301, where the V-shaped included angle θ = 60°-150°; the quantity N = 1-7; the width of the V-shaped groove B = 0.5-1.5mm; and the depth of the V-shaped groove H = 0.2-0.6mm.

[0054] S202, a textured cage was applied to full bearing testing to collect parameters such as frictional torque, and further structural optimization was performed to explore the optimal geometric dimensions. Taking a full bearing cage with a texture of θ=90°, N=3, B=1.0mm, and H=0.2mm as an example, an experimental study of frictional torque was conducted. PAO lubricating oil was used in the experiment, with a limited oil supply of 150μL, and a single rolling element was subjected to a load of 30N.

[0055] The test results of frictional torque of S203 with and without a textured cage under 150μL conditions are as follows: Figure 9 As shown, whether under a grooved glass disc or a grooved steel disc in actual engineering, the frictional torque of the cage with V-textured 301 is significantly lower than that of the cage without texture, indicating that this texture has excellent friction-reducing effect and significantly reduces frictional loss.

[0056] In summary, this invention provides a rolling bearing cage friction reduction method based on friction torque optimization. In this embodiment, without changing the main structure of the cage, a dual optimization friction reduction method for the rolling bearing cage is provided. Texture treatment is performed on the end face and pocket of the bearing cage, respectively. First, the lubricant on the upper edge of the pocket is guided into the pocket in an orderly manner. Second, the lubricant on both sides of the track inside the cage pocket is directionally induced to migrate into the lubrication track by enhancing the hydrodynamic pressure effect, thereby improving the lubrication state between the rolling elements and the inner and outer rings and significantly reducing the friction torque during bearing operation.

[0057] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present invention.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still combine, add, delete, or otherwise adjust the features of the various embodiments of the present invention according to the circumstances without conflict or creative effort, thereby obtaining different technical solutions that do not fundamentally depart from the concept of the present invention. These technical solutions also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for reducing friction in rolling bearing cages based on optimized friction torque, characterized in that, The method includes: S10, based on the texturing process, an end-face drainage texture is opened on the end face of the bearing cage to improve the end-face drainage effect of the non-contact part of the bearing cage and rolling elements through the end-face drainage texture; S20, The inner wall of the pocket of the bearing cage is textured and a drainage texture is opened in the pocket. The drainage texture of the pocket improves the drainage effect of the inner wall of the pocket in the contact part between the bearing cage and the rolling element. S30, the rolling elements are installed in the bearing cage with the end face and pocket inner wall simultaneously textured, and the lubricant is directionally induced to migrate to the rolling element-cage contact area, reducing the bearing running friction torque; S40, based on the full bearing test bench test, verifies and optimizes the friction torque results of the bearing cage; The end-face drainage texture is an array of drainage grooves based on the surface texture of a scallop shell, and the array of drainage grooves is formed on the end face of the bearing cage. The pocket-shaped drainage texture is a V-shaped texture with an inclined groove inside. The convergent-divergent flow channel formed by the inclined groove is used to guide the lubricant to the lubrication contact area. The bottom of the V-shaped texture is used to store oil, so that the lubricant is continuously backfilled to the lubrication raceway under the squeezing action of the wall. The bearing cage has 12 pockets and three sets of rolling elements are installed inside the bearing cage. The three sets of rolling elements are circumferentially arranged, and each set of rolling elements has one or two sets of rolling bodies. The end face drainage texture and the pocket drainage texture are alternately arranged in the pockets of the bearing cage.

2. The method for reducing friction in rolling bearing cages based on optimized friction torque as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The end face drainage texture consists of a crescent-shaped auxiliary oil reservoir and a flow guide groove array. The crescent-shaped auxiliary oil reservoir is formed on the end face of the bearing cage, and the flow guide groove array is provided on the crescent-shaped auxiliary oil reservoir.

3. The method for reducing friction in rolling bearing cages based on optimized friction torque as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The end face drainage texture is a gradient return array, which is set on the end face of the bearing cage. The end face of the bearing cage includes an inclined surface, an arc surface, a cycloid surface, and a vertical surface.

4. The method for reducing friction in rolling bearing cages based on optimized friction torque as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage hole is a pattern, and the shape of the pattern is similar to that of a Monstera deliciosa leaf.

5. The method for reducing friction in rolling bearing cages based on optimized friction torque as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pocket drainage texture is a secondary induced texture, which includes an oil storage groove and a drainage groove, and the oil storage groove and the drainage groove are connected.

6. The method for reducing friction in rolling bearing cages based on optimized friction torque as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pocket drainage texture is a wedge-shaped groove array, in which the depth of the grooves varies linearly from the wide end of the wedge to the tip.

7. The method for reducing friction in rolling bearing cages based on optimized friction torque as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The method for verifying and optimizing the friction torque results of the bearing cage based on the full bearing test bench includes: S401, a resin matrix sample with end face drainage texture or pocket drainage texture is produced using 3D printing technology; S402, PAO lubricating oil was dripped onto the resin matrix sample, and the migration test of oil droplets on untextured and textured surfaces was carried out on the resin matrix sample to observe the migration behavior of oil droplets on textured surfaces. S403: Under limited oil supply conditions, obtain friction torque test data for untextured and textured cages, compare the friction torque test data of untextured and textured cages, and optimize geometric parameters.

Images