Ice-containing sea water vapor ice-melting performance test system and test method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of ship cooling system, and provides a system and method for testing ice-melting performance of ice-containing seawater steam, which comprises an ice-water supply assembly, an ice-water outlet assembly, a steam supply assembly and a data acquisition assembly, the ice-water supply assembly comprises an inlet water tank and an inlet weighing member; the ice-water outlet assembly comprises a steam ice-melting device, an ice-water pipeline, an outlet water tank and an outlet weighing member, the steam ice-melting device is arranged in the ice-water pipeline; the steam supply assembly comprises a steam boiler and a steam pipeline, one end of the steam pipeline is connected with the steam boiler, and the other end is connected with a steam cavity; the data acquisition assembly is in data connection with the ice-water supply assembly, the ice-water outlet assembly and the steam supply assembly. Through the cooperative matching of the ice-water supply assembly, the steam supply assembly and the data acquisition assembly, the present application realizes the accurate measurement of key parameters in the ice-melting process of the ice-containing seawater steam.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship cooling system technology, and in particular to a testing system and method for testing the de-icing performance of seawater containing ice. Background Technology

[0002] Polar research vessels face severe challenges to their cooling systems while navigating in ice-covered areas. The cooling seawater in the ship's central cooling system carries a large amount of ice debris, which can cause multiple problems for the cooling system as it flows with the seawater: First, ice particles continuously impact the inner walls of pipes and cooler tube bundles, leading to material wear and fatigue damage; second, ice debris tends to accumulate in the narrow flow channels of critical equipment such as pumps, valves, and heat exchangers, increasing flow resistance or even causing complete blockage; in addition, ice accumulation can significantly reduce the system's cooling efficiency, and in severe cases, may lead to a complete loss of cooling capacity, directly threatening the safe operation of the ship's propulsion system.

[0003] Steam melting technology, as an effective means to solve the above problems, relies on directly injecting high-temperature steam into ice-containing seawater, where the latent heat released by steam condensation rapidly melts the ice fragments. However, this process involves complex multiphase flow and heat transfer phenomena: transient three-phase mass and heat transfer occurs during the mixing of steam and ice-water; the phase transition processes of steam condensation and ice melting are coupled; and the flow parameters and heat transfer characteristics exhibit strong spatiotemporal inhomogeneities. These complex characteristics make it difficult for theoretical analysis and numerical simulation to accurately predict the melting performance under actual working conditions.

[0004] Currently, the industry lacks systematic testing methods and dedicated testing equipment to study key parameters of the ice-containing seawater steam melting process, including core performance indicators such as melting efficiency and steam energy utilization rate. This technological gap severely restricts the optimized design and engineering application of ice-melting devices in polar ship cooling systems, and there is an urgent need to develop specialized testing systems and methods to obtain accurate performance data, providing a scientific basis for equipment selection and system design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in related technologies. To this end, this invention proposes a steam de-icing performance testing system for ice-containing seawater, which has the advantages of systematically testing steam de-icing performance parameters, accurately obtaining de-icing efficiency and steam energy utilization rate, and providing a scientific basis for the design of polar ship cooling systems.

[0006] The present invention also proposes a testing method.

[0007] The ice-containing seawater steam de-icing performance testing system according to a first aspect of the present invention includes: An ice water supply assembly includes an inlet tank and an inlet weighing device. The inlet tank is used to store seawater, and the inlet weighing device is used to obtain the mass of the seawater in the inlet tank. The chilled water outlet assembly includes a steam de-icing device, a chilled water pipeline, an outlet water tank, and an outlet weighing device. One end of the chilled water pipeline is connected to the outlet of the inlet water tank, and the other end is connected to the outlet water tank. The steam de-icing device is located in the chilled water pipeline and has a steam chamber and a chilled water chamber. The chilled water pipeline is connected to the chilled water chamber. The outlet weighing device is used to obtain the mass of seawater in the outlet water tank. A steam supply assembly, comprising a steam boiler and a steam pipeline, wherein one end of the steam pipeline is connected to the steam boiler and the other end is connected to the steam chamber; A data acquisition component is provided, which is connected to the chilled water supply component, the chilled water outlet component, and the steam supply component.

[0008] The ice-containing seawater steam melting performance testing system according to embodiments of the present invention achieves accurate measurement of key parameters of the ice-containing seawater steam melting process through the coordinated operation of the ice-water supply component, the steam supply component, and the data acquisition component. It has the advantages of being able to systematically test steam melting performance parameters, accurately obtain melting efficiency and steam energy utilization rate, and provide scientific basis for the design of polar ship cooling systems.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the steam de-icing device includes a steam jacket and an inner tube. The steam jacket is sleeved outside the inner tube. The steam jacket is provided with the steam chamber. The inner tube is provided with the ice water chamber. The inner tube has a plurality of through holes on its wall, and the through holes connect the steam chamber and the ice water chamber.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ice water outlet assembly further includes a hanging scale and an ice water separation filter basket, the ice water separation filter basket being disposed at the outlet of the ice water pipeline to filter ice blocks discharged from the ice water pipeline to the outlet water tank.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ice-water separation filter basket includes an inner layer structure and an outer layer structure that are nested together, wherein the filtration pore size of the inner layer structure is smaller than that of the outer layer structure.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ice water supply assembly further includes a stirrer disposed in the inlet water tank, the stirrer being used to stir the seawater in the inlet water tank.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the chilled water outlet assembly further includes a chilled water delivery pump, which is disposed in the chilled water pipeline and located between the inlet water tank and the steam de-icing device.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the chilled water outlet assembly further includes a chilled water flow meter, which is disposed in the chilled water pipeline.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the steam supply assembly further includes a steam pressure reducing device disposed in the steam pipeline.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the steam supply assembly further includes a steam flow meter disposed in the steam pipeline.

[0017] The test method according to a second aspect of the present invention includes applying the above-described ice-containing seawater vapor de-icing performance test system, wherein the test method steps include: A certain mass of room temperature seawater was injected into the inlet water tank, and a certain mass of crushed ice was added. The ice-water mixture was stirred until the seawater temperature dropped to the working condition temperature designed for the experiment. Remove the ice fragments from the inlet water tank and obtain the mass m1 of the seawater in the inlet water tank; Add crushed ice of mass m2 to the inlet water tank, where m2 / (m1+m2) is the ice content α1 at the inlet. Stir the ice-water mixture again; The ice-water mixture is drawn from the inlet water tank and conveyed to the ice-water chamber of the steam de-icing device; The steam generated by the steam boiler is delivered to the steam chamber of the steam de-icing device; Filter out the ice fragments discharged from the ice water pipeline to the outlet water tank, and obtain the mass m4 of the ice fragments; The ice water discharged from the ice water chamber is transported to the outlet water tank, and the mass of seawater m3 in the outlet water tank is obtained. The ice content α2 at the outlet is m4 / (m3+m4). The following parameters are obtained: temperature tw0 of the ice-water mixture in the inlet tank, temperature ti1 of the filtered crushed ice, temperature tw1 of the seawater in the outlet tank, pressure ps1 of the supplied steam, ice-water flow rate qw of the ice-water pipeline, and steam flow rate qs of the steam pipeline. The enthalpy of the outlet ice is obtained based on the temperature ti1 of the filtered ice fragments, the enthalpy of the outlet water is obtained based on the temperature tw1 of the seawater in the outlet water tank, and the enthalpy of the steam is obtained based on the steam temperature and the supplied steam pressure ps1. The duration of the measurement process is t, the latent heat of fusion of ice is La, and the melting rate of the steam de-icing device is: α1-α2; Based on the above data, the steam energy utilization rate β of the steam de-icing device is obtained as: qw×(α1-α2)×La / (qs×(hs1-hw1)). The test method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the above-mentioned ice-containing seawater steam de-icing performance test system, and therefore possesses all the technical effects of the above-mentioned ice-containing seawater steam de-icing performance test system, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ice-containing seawater steam melting performance testing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure label: 2. Inlet water tank; 3. Inlet weighing device; 4. Agitator; 5. Chilled water transfer pump; 6. Chilled water pipeline; 7. Steam de-icing device; 8. Chilled water flow meter; 9. Hanging scale; 10. Chilled water separation filter basket; 11. Outlet water tank; 12. Outlet weighing device; 13. Data acquisition instrument; 14. Central display and control console; 15. Steam boiler; 16. Steam pipeline; 17. Steam pressure reducing device; 18. Steam flow meter. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] In embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0026] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0027] In existing technologies, when polar research vessels navigate in ice-covered areas, the cooling seawater often carries ice fragments, causing impact wear and tear on pipelines, pumps, valves, and other equipment. Long-term operation can easily lead to blockages, threatening system safety. Traditional methods lack experimental systems specifically for the vapor melting process of ice-containing seawater, making it impossible to effectively study the flow and phase change heat transfer characteristics of the vapor-liquid-solid three-phase medium, thus hindering the optimized design of polar vessel cooling systems. Existing testing methods are insufficient for accurately measuring key parameters such as melting efficiency and energy utilization, resulting in a lack of reliable data support for the design of the steam melting device 7.

[0028] Therefore, as Figure 1As shown, this application proposes a steam de-icing performance testing system for seawater containing ice, including: an ice water supply component, comprising an inlet water tank 2 and an inlet weighing device 3; an ice water outlet component, comprising a steam de-icing device 7, an ice water pipeline 6, an outlet water tank 11 and an outlet weighing device 12; a steam supply component, comprising a steam boiler 15 and a steam pipeline 16; and a data acquisition component connected to each component.

[0029] The inlet water tank 2 stores seawater and maintains the test temperature of the ice-water mixture, achieving uniform mixing via a built-in stirrer 4. The inlet weighing device 3 uses an electronic scale or weighbridge to monitor the initial seawater mass change in real time. The steam-melting device 7 consists of isolated steam and ice-water chambers. The steam chamber is connected to the steam boiler 15 via a pipeline, and the ice-water chamber is connected to the ice-water pipeline 6, forming a direct contact area between steam and ice-water. The outlet weighing device 12 is located at the bottom of the outlet water tank 11 and measures the mass of the treated seawater; combined with the inlet mass data, the melting efficiency can be calculated. The data acquisition component integrates a temperature sensor, pressure transmitter, and flow meter to simultaneously collect steam pressure, ice-water flow rate, and temperature parameters. For example, the data acquisition component includes a data acquisition instrument 13 and a centralized display and control console 14. All measurement signals are centrally acquired and processed by the data acquisition instrument 13 and transmitted to the centralized display and control console 14 for centralized storage and real-time display.

[0030] Specifically, the chilled water supply component delivers seawater containing ice to the steam-based ice-melting device 7, while the steam supply component provides a controllable steam flow. When the steam enters the steam chamber, it heats the medium within the chilled water chamber through heat conduction and convection, causing the ice to melt. The chilled water pipeline 6 delivers the treated mixed medium to the outlet tank 11. The outlet weighing device 12, in conjunction with the inlet weighing device 3, can accurately calculate the mass change. The data acquisition component records the steam pressure, chilled water flow rate, and temperature gradient in real time. Combined with the mass change data, an energy balance equation is constructed to quantitatively analyze the steam energy utilization rate. The entire process utilizes closed-loop control to achieve precise adjustment of experimental parameters, providing a reliable platform for studying the ice-melting characteristics under different operating conditions.

[0031] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves quantitative testing of the steam melting process in ice-containing seawater, enabling precise measurement of melting efficiency and energy utilization under different steam parameters. The system obtains the inlet and outlet mass difference through dual weighing components, and combined with data from temperature sensors and flow meters, a complete energy balance model can be established. This testing system provides reliable data support for optimizing the design of the steam melting device 7, effectively solving the problem of ice fragmentation in polar ship cooling systems.

[0032] This application further proposes a steam de-icing device 7 comprising a combined structure of a steam jacket and an inner tube. The steam jacket wraps around the outer side of the inner tube to form an annular steam chamber, and the interior of the inner tube forms an ice-water chamber. Multiple through holes connecting the steam chamber and the ice-water chamber are provided on the surface of the inner tube.

[0033] The nested structure of the steam jacket and inner tube refers to the annular space formed by two concentric circular tubes, and the through hole refers to a circular hole opened in the wall of the inner tube. This structure allows the steam heat to act on the ice-water mixture through both conduction through the tube wall and local steam permeation.

[0034] Specifically, as steam flows axially within the annular steam chamber, heat is continuously conducted through the inner tube wall to the low-temperature medium within the ice-water chamber. Simultaneously, some steam infiltrates into the ice-water chamber at a controlled flow rate through the perforations, directly contacting the ice-containing seawater and undergoing a condensation phase change. The spatial distribution of the perforations is optimized, for example, arranged at equal intervals axially and in a staggered pattern circumferentially, ensuring uniform steam dispersion within the ice-water chamber. This composite heat transfer mode maintains the stability of indirect heat exchange through the tube walls while enhancing ice melting efficiency through steam infiltration.

[0035] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves layered and controllable heat exchange in a steam-ice-water mixture, solving the measurement error problem caused by uneven heat distribution in traditional tests. The through-hole structure ensures effective steam permeation while avoiding phase change interface disturbances caused by excessive steam mixing, providing a stable experimental environment for accurate calculation of steam energy utilization. The sleeve-type layout allows steam heat to be released uniformly along the tube axis, effectively eliminating localized overheating or unmelted areas, ensuring the reliability and repeatability of ice-melting performance test data.

[0036] This application further proposes that the ice water outlet assembly also includes a hanging scale 9 and an ice water separation filter basket 10, which is located at the outlet of the ice water pipeline 6 to filter ice blocks discharged from the ice water pipeline 6 to the outlet water tank 11.

[0037] Among them, the hanging scale 9 refers to a measuring device used for dynamically weighing the mass of the filtered ice fragments. Specifically, it can be implemented using a suspended electronic force sensor. By measuring the change in the mass of the ice fragments in the filter basket in real time, the mass parameters of the residual ice after melting can be obtained. The ice-water separation filter basket 10 refers to a container with a multi-stage filtration structure. Specifically, it can be implemented using a double-layer stainless steel mesh basket structure. Through filter screens with different pore sizes, the ice-water mixture is separated stage by stage, intercepting incompletely melted ice fragments.

[0038] Specifically, the ice-water separation filter basket 10 is located at the connection between the end of the ice-water pipeline 6 and the outlet water tank 11. When the ice-water mixture treated by steam de-icing is discharged through the pipeline, the inner structure of the ice-water separation filter basket 10 first intercepts ice fragments, while the outer structure is a metal structure that provides strong support. The intercepted ice fragments are temporarily stored in the ice-water separation filter basket 10. The crane scale 9 monitors the overall mass change of the ice-water separation filter basket 10 in real time and calculates the mass of the residual ice fragments, providing reliable data support for accurately calculating the de-icing rate and steam energy utilization rate.

[0039] This application further proposes that the ice-water separation filter basket 10 includes an inner layer structure and an outer layer structure nested together, wherein the filtration pore size of the inner layer structure is smaller than that of the outer layer structure.

[0040] The inner structure refers to the filter layer composed of small-aperture metal mesh, specifically stainless steel woven mesh, used to block ice fragments from passing through. The outer structure refers to the support layer composed of a large-aperture metal frame, specifically perforated metal plates or metal grids, used to provide mechanical support for the inner structure.

[0041] Specifically, when the ice-water mixture passes through the ice-water separation filter basket 10, the small-pore metal mesh of the inner layer traps ice fragments inside, while liquid seawater passes through the mesh into the outer layer. The large-pore metal frame of the outer layer not only provides rigid support for the inner mesh to prevent deformation, but also allows seawater to quickly drain through its pores to the outlet tank 11. This dual-layer structure design avoids the problem of a single fine filter screen breaking due to the impact of the ice-water mixture.

[0042] This application further proposes that the ice water supply assembly also includes a stirrer 4, which is located in the inlet water tank 2 and is used to stir the seawater in the inlet water tank 2.

[0043] Among them, the agitator 4 refers to a device that promotes the uniform mixing of liquid and solid particles through mechanical movement. Specifically, it can be implemented by a paddle-type or spiral agitator 4. The vortex generated by its rotating blades can break the static stratification of seawater and ice fragments.

[0044] Specifically, the agitator 4 uses a motor-driven rotating shaft to continuously agitate the blades within the inlet water tank 2, causing the seawater and crushed ice to dynamically mix. During the agitation process, the crushed ice may float or sink due to density differences, but the forced convection generated by the agitation eliminates local concentration differences. When the uniformly mixed ice-water mixture is transported to the steam de-icing device 7 through the ice-water pipeline 6, its ice content tends to be spatially uniform, thus avoiding inlet mass measurement errors caused by local ice accumulation.

[0045] Through the above technical solution, this application can effectively maintain the uniformity of the ice-water mixture and avoid deviations in inlet ice content measurement caused by local ice accumulation or stratification. The uniformly mixed ice-water mixture provides accurate initial operating parameters for subsequent steam de-icing performance testing, ensuring the reliability of de-icing rate calculation and steam energy utilization rate assessment.

[0046] This application further proposes that the chilled water outlet assembly also includes a chilled water delivery pump 5, which is located in the chilled water pipeline 6 and between the inlet water tank 2 and the steam de-icing device 7.

[0047] The chilled water transfer pump 5 refers to the power unit used to drive the mixture of ice and seawater through the pipeline. Specifically, it can be implemented using a centrifugal pump or a screw pump, and its impeller structure can adapt to the transportation requirements of media containing both solid and liquid phases. The location between the inlet water tank 2 and the steam de-icing device 7 means that the pump body is installed in the chilled water pipeline 6 near the outlet of the inlet water tank 2, maintaining the continuity of the flow of the chilled water mixture through active pressurization.

[0048] Specifically, the chilled water transfer pump 5 applies pressure to the chilled water mixture using mechanical power, propelling it along the chilled water pipeline 6 towards the steam de-icing device 7. When the seawater containing ice flows through the pump body, the centrifugal force generated by the impeller rotation accelerates the fluid, generating sufficient kinetic energy to overcome pipeline resistance. Because the pump body is located upstream of the steam de-icing device 7, the chilled water mixture already has a stable flow velocity before entering the de-icing chamber, avoiding the accumulation of ice fragments due to gravity settling in the low-velocity area of ​​the pipeline.

[0049] This application further proposes that the chilled water outlet assembly also includes a chilled water flow meter 8, which is located in the chilled water pipeline 6.

[0050] Among them, the ice water flow meter 8 refers to a device used to measure the flow parameters of ice water mixtures. Specifically, it can be implemented using an electromagnetic flow meter or an ultrasonic flow meter, which obtains fluid volume flow rate or mass flow rate data through non-contact or contact measurement principles.

[0051] Specifically, the chilled water flow meter 8 is integrated into the chilled water pipeline 6. It collects the flow rate data of the chilled water mixture flowing through the pipeline in real time and transmits the flow signal to the data acquisition component. During the operation of the steam melting ice device 7, the chilled water flow meter 8 continuously monitors the delivery rate of the chilled water mixture. When the chilled water flow rate fluctuates, the data acquisition component synchronously records the time point of the flow rate change and the corresponding value. Combined with the steam supply parameters collected by the steam flow meter 18, a dynamic correlation between the chilled water flow rate and the steam flow rate is established.

[0052] This application further proposes that the steam supply assembly also includes a steam pressure reducing device 17, which is located in the steam pipeline 16.

[0053] The steam pressure reducing device 17 is a device installed in the steam pipeline 16 to regulate the steam pressure. Specifically, it can be implemented using a mechanical pressure reducing valve or a pilot-operated pressure reducing valve, achieving automatic pressure regulation by changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel or by utilizing pressure feedback. This device actively controls the steam pressure to prevent overpressure damage to the pipeline or the steam de-icing device 7 due to excessive pressure.

[0054] Specifically, during the process of transporting steam generated by steam boiler 15 to steam de-icing device 7, steam pressure reducing device 17 is configured at the middle or end of steam pipeline 16. When the steam pressure exceeds a set threshold, the pressure reducing valve core automatically adjusts its opening under the action of pressure difference, allowing the high-pressure steam to be reduced to the target pressure value through throttling. For example, spring-loaded pressure reducing valves dynamically adjust the valve port diameter by balancing the preset spring force with the steam pressure; pilot-operated pressure reducing valves sense changes in outlet pressure through the pilot valve and drive the main valve to achieve precise pressure stabilization. This device can stabilize the steam pressure within the design pressure range of steam de-icing device 7, and also supports manual or automatic adjustment of pressure parameters according to test requirements, such as switching between different pressure conditions in de-icing efficiency tests.

[0055] This application further proposes that the steam supply assembly also includes a steam flow meter 18, which is located in the steam pipeline 16.

[0056] The steam flow meter 18 is a device used to measure the volumetric flow rate of steam in the steam pipeline 16. It can be implemented using a turbine flow meter or an orifice plate flow meter, and its installation location is in the straight section of the steam pipeline 16 to ensure measurement accuracy. This device provides basic parameters for calculating the steam enthalpy input by acquiring steam flow data in real time.

[0057] Specifically, during the steam-based ice-melting performance test, steam generated by the steam boiler 15 is transported to the steam chamber of the steam-based ice-melting device 7 via steam pipeline 16. The steam flow meter 18 measures the volume of steam flowing through the pipeline per unit time, and, combined with data collected by the steam pressure sensor and temperature sensor, can accurately calculate the enthalpy input of the steam. For example, when the steam pressure is 0.5 MPa, the corresponding saturated steam temperature is approximately 152°C. At this time, the flow rate data measured by the steam flow meter 18, along with the temperature and pressure parameters, is input into the data acquisition system, and the steam enthalpy is calculated using thermodynamic formulas. This data, combined with the ice water flow rate and temperature change parameters, can further calculate the steam energy utilization rate, thereby quantitatively evaluating the heat transfer efficiency of the ice-melting device.

[0058] Through the above technical solution, this application can accurately obtain the flow rate data of the steam supply components, providing key parameters for calculating the steam energy utilization rate, thereby achieving quantitative analysis of the energy conversion efficiency of the steam de-icing device 7. This technical means effectively supports the data acquisition requirements of the de-icing performance testing system and provides a reliable data foundation for optimizing steam injection parameters and the structural design of the de-icing device.

[0059] This application further proposes a test method for using a steam de-icing performance testing system for seawater containing ice. The steps include: injecting a certain mass of ambient temperature seawater into the inlet water tank 2 and adding a certain mass of crushed ice; stirring the ice-water mixture until the seawater temperature drops to the operating temperature designed for the experiment; removing the crushed ice from the inlet water tank 2 and obtaining the mass m1 of the seawater; adding crushed ice of mass m2 to the inlet water tank 2 and calculating the inlet ice content α1 as m2 / (m1+m2); stirring again and then conveying the ice-water mixture to the ice-water chamber of the steam de-icing device 7; conveying the steam generated by the steam boiler 15 to the steam chamber of the steam de-icing device 7; filtering out the crushed ice discharged from the ice-water pipeline 6 to the outlet water tank 11 and obtaining its mass m4. The ice water discharged from the ice water chamber is transported to the outlet water tank 11 and the seawater mass m3 is obtained. The ice content α2 at the outlet is calculated as m4 / (m3+m4). The temperature of the ice water mixture tw0, the temperature of the broken ice ti1, the temperature of the seawater tw1, the steam pressure ps1, the ice water flow rate qw, and the steam flow rate qs are collected. Based on ti1, the enthalpy of the outlet ice hi1 is obtained, based on tw1, the enthalpy of the outlet water hw1 is obtained, and based on the steam temperature and ps1, the steam enthalpy hs1 is obtained. Combining the measurement duration t and the latent heat of melting of ice La, the melting rate of the steam melting device 7 is calculated as α1-α2, and the steam energy utilization rate β is calculated as qw×(α1-α2)×La / (qs×(hs1-hw1)).

[0060] The inlet ice content α1 refers to the proportion of crushed ice in the ice-water mixture, which can be achieved by adding crushed ice in stages and accurately weighing m1 and m2, to simulate test conditions with different ice contents in actual working conditions. The steam energy utilization rate β refers to the proportion of effective energy used for ice melting in the steam input energy, specifically calculated using ice-water flow rate, ice content difference, latent heat, and steam enthalpy difference parameters, and is used to evaluate energy conversion efficiency.

[0061] It should be noted that the current calculation of the inlet ice content α1 of the ice-containing seawater is obtained by calculating the mass of seawater m1 and the mass of broken ice m2 in the inlet water tank 2, according to m2 / (m1+m2). This calculation method is based on the premise that the distribution of the ice-water mixture is sufficiently uniform and that it enters the ice-water pipeline 6 uniformly. However, in reality, the content of broken ice entering the ice-water pipeline 6 is not uniform, and calibration is required. Here, a no-load calibration method is proposed, that is, without starting the boiler to supply steam, the ice-containing seawater is allowed to flow through the system. At this time, the ice-containing seawater is not heated, and its outlet ice content is consistent with the inlet ice content. The outlet ice content α2 measured under this no-load condition is the actual inlet ice content α1 of the ice-containing seawater, thereby achieving the calibration of the inlet ice content. In the aforementioned data processing process, the calibrated inlet ice content α1 is used as a substitute.

[0062] Specifically, during the test, two ice-adding operations and stirring control ensured that the ice-water mixture reached the predetermined operating temperature and formed a uniform mixture. Precise weighing and removal of crushed ice in the inlet water tank 2 eliminated the interference of the initial ice-water temperature on the ice content calculation. After the ice-water was delivered to the steam melting device 7, steam heated the ice-water through the cavity structure to melt the ice. Unmelted crushed ice was intercepted by the filter basket and weighed, thus directly obtaining the amount of ice melted. By simultaneously collecting ice-water temperature, steam pressure, and flow rate parameters, and combining them with the enthalpy calculation model, the heat released by the steam was correlated with the latent heat required for ice melting, and finally, the energy utilization efficiency was quantitatively evaluated using the β-value formula. The entire process, through staged parameter control and multi-dimensional data acquisition, constructed a complete evaluation system from ice melting effect to energy conversion.

[0063] Through the above technical solution, this application can accurately simulate the steam melting process under different ice content and temperature conditions. By using a multi-parameter synchronous acquisition and calculation model, it can achieve a quantitative assessment of melting efficiency and energy utilization. This method can provide key performance data for the design of the steam melting device 7 in the cooling system of polar ships, solve the problem of difficulty in optimizing melting devices due to the lack of testing methods in the prior art, and provide a standardized evaluation basis for comparative analysis of energy utilization efficiency.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention and should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for testing the de-icing performance of seawater containing ice, characterized in that, include: An ice water supply assembly includes an inlet tank and an inlet weighing device. The inlet tank is used to store seawater, and the inlet weighing device is used to obtain the mass of the seawater in the inlet tank. The chilled water outlet assembly includes a steam de-icing device, a chilled water pipeline, an outlet water tank, and an outlet weighing device. One end of the chilled water pipeline is connected to the outlet of the inlet water tank, and the other end is connected to the outlet water tank. The steam de-icing device is located in the chilled water pipeline and has a steam chamber and a chilled water chamber. The chilled water pipeline is connected to the chilled water chamber. The outlet weighing device is used to obtain the mass of seawater in the outlet water tank. A steam supply assembly, comprising a steam boiler and a steam pipeline, wherein one end of the steam pipeline is connected to the steam boiler and the other end is connected to the steam chamber; A data acquisition component is connected to the chilled water supply component, the chilled water outlet component, and the steam supply component. The steam de-icing device includes a steam jacket and an inner tube. The steam jacket is sleeved outside the inner tube. The steam jacket has a steam chamber, and the inner tube has an ice-water chamber. The inner tube has several through holes on its wall, and the through holes connect the steam chamber and the ice-water chamber. The chilled water outlet assembly also includes a crane scale and a chilled water separation filter basket, which is located at the outlet of the chilled water pipeline to filter ice blocks discharged from the chilled water pipeline to the outlet water tank. The steam supply assembly also includes a steam flow meter, which is installed in the steam pipeline.

2. The ice-containing seawater steam de-icing performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ice-water separation filter basket includes an inner layer structure and an outer layer structure nested together, wherein the filtration pore size of the inner layer structure is smaller than that of the outer layer structure.

3. The ice-containing seawater steam de-icing performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ice water supply assembly also includes a stirrer, which is located in the inlet water tank and is used to stir the seawater in the inlet water tank.

4. The ice-containing seawater steam de-icing performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chilled water outlet assembly also includes a chilled water delivery pump, which is located in the chilled water pipeline and between the inlet water tank and the steam de-icing device.

5. The ice-containing seawater steam de-icing performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chilled water outlet assembly also includes a chilled water flow meter, which is installed in the chilled water pipeline.

6. The ice-containing seawater steam de-icing performance testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam supply assembly also includes a steam pressure reducing device, which is located in the steam pipeline.

7. A testing method, employing the ice-containing seawater steam de-icing performance testing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The testing method steps include: A certain mass of room temperature seawater was injected into the inlet water tank, and a certain mass of crushed ice was added. The ice-water mixture was stirred until the seawater temperature dropped to the working condition temperature designed for the experiment. Remove the ice fragments from the inlet water tank and obtain the mass m1 of the seawater in the inlet water tank; Add crushed ice of mass m2 to the inlet water tank, where m2 / (m1+m2) is the ice content α1 at the inlet. Stir the ice-water mixture again; The ice-water mixture is drawn from the inlet water tank and conveyed to the ice-water chamber of the steam de-icing device; The steam generated by the steam boiler is delivered to the steam chamber of the steam de-icing device; Filter out the ice fragments discharged from the ice water pipeline to the outlet water tank, and obtain the mass m4 of the ice fragments; The ice water discharged from the ice water chamber is transported to the outlet water tank, and the mass of seawater m3 in the outlet water tank is obtained. The ice content α2 at the outlet is m4 / (m3+m4). The following parameters are obtained: temperature tw0 of the ice-water mixture in the inlet tank, temperature ti1 of the filtered crushed ice, temperature tw1 of the seawater in the outlet tank, pressure ps1 of the supplied steam, ice-water flow rate qw of the ice-water pipeline, and steam flow rate qs of the steam pipeline. The enthalpy of the outlet ice is obtained based on the temperature ti1 of the filtered ice fragments, the enthalpy of the outlet water is obtained based on the temperature tw1 of the seawater in the outlet water tank, and the enthalpy of the steam is obtained based on the steam temperature and the supplied steam pressure ps1. The duration of the measurement process is t, the latent heat of fusion of ice is La, and the melting rate of the steam de-icing device is: α1-α2; Based on the above data, the steam energy utilization rate β of the steam de-icing device is: qw×(α1-α2)×La / (qs×(hs1-hw1)).

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