Methods, devices, electronic equipment and media for detecting gaps in crown bands

Abstract

This disclosure provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and medium for detecting crown strip gaps, relating to the field of tire manufacturing technology. The method is applied to a tire forming machine, where crown strips are wound on the belt drum of the tire forming machine. The method includes: acquiring sequential images obtained continuously by a line scan camera during the winding of the last turn of the crown strip; merging these sequential images to obtain a composite image; extracting a single-layer winding area from the composite image based on the acquired process parameters corresponding to the crown strip winding process; determining each individual crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area; and determining the crown strip gaps corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area based on the edges of each individual crown strip and the standard pitch corresponding to the tire forming machine. In this disclosure, crown strip gaps are detected in real time through image processing, avoiding manual measurement, reducing waste tire rates, and improving bonding quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of tire manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and medium for detecting gaps in the tire belt strip. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of tire manufacturing technology, crown strip winding is a very important part of the tire forming process. Among them, crown strip gap detection is a key process parameter to be monitored during tire bonding. In the automatic bonding process of tire forming machine, crown strip gap needs to be detected in real time.

[0003] In existing technologies, the gaps in the crown band can only be inspected manually. The main drawbacks of using manual inspection in existing technologies are as follows: Disadvantage 1: The existing method can only perform random inspections and cannot achieve full-process monitoring, which can easily lead to defective tires; Disadvantage 2: Manual measurement takes a long time, which affects tire production.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, how to achieve real-time detection of crown belt gaps and reduce tire failure rates has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This disclosure provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and medium for detecting crown belt gaps. By using image processing, it enables real-time detection of crown belt gaps, avoiding manual measurement, reducing tire scrap rate, and improving tire fit quality.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a method for detecting gaps in a crown belt strip, applied to a tire forming machine, wherein the crown belt strip is wound on a belt drum of the tire forming machine, and the method includes: The process involves acquiring sequential images of the crown band during the final wrapping process using a line scan camera, merging these images to obtain a composite image. Obtain the process parameters corresponding to the crown strip winding process; Based on the process parameters, extract the single-layer winding region from the synthesized image; Determine the individual crown strips corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area; Based on the edges of each individual crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area, and the standard pitch corresponding to the tire forming machine, determine the crown strip gaps corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the crown belt gaps corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area are determined based on the edges of each individual crown belt strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area and the standard pitch corresponding to the tire forming machine. This includes: for the edges of each individual crown belt strip in each row of the single-layer winding area, the distance between any two adjacent edges is screened according to the standard pitch to determine each crown belt gap in each row of the single-layer winding area. Here, each row of the single-layer winding area is a sampling row obtained through sampling, and the difference between the distance corresponding to each crown belt gap and the standard pitch is within a preset threshold.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the process parameters include: standard single-strip width of the coronary band strip, standard overall width of the coronary band strip, and winding method of the coronary band strip. Based on the process parameters, extracting a single-layer winding area from the composite image includes: determining a first proportional relationship between the standard single-strip width of the coronary band strip and the standard overall width of the coronary band strip; determining a virtual single-strip width corresponding to the standard single-strip width of the coronary band strip in the composite image based on the total width of the coronary band strip in the composite image and the first proportional relationship; determining a second proportional relationship between the single-layer winding area in the composite image and the composite image based on the winding method of the coronary band strip; and extracting the single-layer winding area from the composite image based on the second proportional relationship, the virtual single-strip width, and the total width of the coronary band strip in the composite image.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, determining each individual crown band corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding region includes: sampling the single-layer winding region according to a pre-set sampling method to obtain each sampling row image; performing opening operation denoising processing on each sampling row image to obtain denoised sampling row images; determining the edges of each denoised sampling row image by edge detection and sub-pixel fitting; and determining each individual crown band corresponding to each sampling row image based on the edges of each denoised sampling row image.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, acquiring sequential images obtained continuously by a line scan camera during the winding of the last loop of the crown strip, and merging these sequential images to obtain a composite image, includes: receiving a start bonding signal from a programmable logic controller (PLC), wherein the PLC controls a tire forming machine, and the tire forming machine begins winding the crown strip after receiving the start bonding signal; determining the line frequency of the line scan camera based on the winding process parameters contained in the start bonding signal and the drum rotation pulse frequency of the tire forming machine, and sending the line frequency to the line scan camera; wherein, when the line scan camera receives the line frequency, continuous acquisition is performed according to the line frequency throughout the entire winding process of the last loop of the crown strip to obtain sequential images; acquiring the sequential images acquired by the line scan camera; and stitching the sequential images together to obtain a composite image.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, after determining each coronary girdle gap corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area, the method further includes: for each determined coronary girdle gap, determining whether each coronary girdle gap exceeds a preset tolerance range; if it exceeds, sending an alarm prompt message through an alarm module.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a crown belt gap detection device, which is applied to a tire forming machine, wherein the crown belt is wound on the belt drum of the tire forming machine, and the device includes: The first acquisition module is used to acquire each sequence of images obtained by continuous acquisition through a line scan camera during the process of wrapping the last loop of the crown strip, and to merge the sequence of images to obtain a composite image. The second acquisition module is used to acquire the process parameters corresponding to the crown strip winding process; The cropping module is used to crop a single-layer winding region from the synthesized image according to process parameters; The first determining module is used to determine each individual crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area; The second determining module is used to determine the gaps of each crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area based on the edges of each individual crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area and the standard pitch corresponding to the tire forming machine.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the second determining module is specifically used to: for the edge of each single crown strip in each row of the single-layer winding area, filter the distance between any two adjacent edges according to the standard pitch, and determine each crown gap in each row of the single-layer winding area, wherein each row of the single-layer winding area is a sampling row obtained by sampling, and the difference between the distance corresponding to each crown gap and the standard pitch is within a preset threshold.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the process parameters include: standard single-strip width of the coronary band strip, standard overall width of the coronary band strip, and winding method of the coronary band strip. The cutting module is specifically used for: determining a first proportional relationship between the standard single-strip width of the coronary band strip and the standard overall width of the coronary band strip based on the standard single-strip width of the coronary band strip and the standard overall width of the coronary band strip; determining a virtual single-strip width corresponding to the standard single-strip width of the coronary band strip in the composite image based on the total width of the coronary band strip in the composite image and the first proportional relationship; determining a second proportional relationship between the single-layer winding area in the composite image and the composite image based on the winding method of the coronary band strip; and cutting out the single-layer winding area from the composite image based on the second proportional relationship, the virtual single-strip width, and the total width of the coronary band strip in the composite image.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, the first determining module is specifically used for: sampling the single-layer winding region according to a pre-set sampling method to obtain each sampling row image; performing opening operation denoising processing on each sampling row image to obtain each denoised sampling row image; determining the edge of each denoised sampling row image by edge detection and sub-pixel fitting; and determining each single crown strip corresponding to each sampling row image based on the edge of each denoised sampling row image.

[0016] In one optional embodiment, the first acquisition module is specifically configured to: receive a start bonding signal sent by a programmable logic controller (PLC), wherein the PLC controls a tire forming machine, and the tire forming machine begins to perform crown strip winding after receiving the start bonding signal; determine the line frequency of the line scan camera based on the winding process parameters contained in the start bonding signal and the drum rotation pulse frequency of the tire forming machine, and send the line frequency to the line scan camera, wherein, when the line scan camera receives the line frequency, it continuously acquires images according to the line frequency throughout the entire process of winding the last turn of the crown strip to obtain various sequence images; acquire the various sequence images acquired by the line scan camera; and stitch the various sequence images together to obtain a composite image.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the device further includes an alarm module, configured to: determine whether each coronary band gap exceeds a preset tolerance range for each identified coronary band gap; if it does, send an alarm notification message through the alarm module.

[0018] Thirdly, embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device including a processor and a memory interconnected thereto; the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor is configured to execute, when the computer program is invoked, the method provided by any possible implementation of the crown strip gap detection method.

[0019] Fourthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that is executed by a processor to implement the method provided in any possible implementation of the crown strip gap detection method described above.

[0020] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program product or computer program including computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of an electronic device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium and executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to perform the method provided in any possible implementation of the crown strip gap detection method described above.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in this disclosure are: In this embodiment, during the crown belt wrapping process using the belt drum of the tire forming machine, a line scan camera continuously captures and captures the entire process of wrapping the last turn of the crown belt, obtaining a series of images. These images are then split and merged to obtain a corresponding composite image. The process parameters corresponding to the crown belt wrapping process are obtained. Based on these parameters, a single-layer wrapping area is extracted from the composite image, and each individual crown belt strip in each row of that single-layer wrapping area is identified. Based on the edges of each individual crown belt strip in each row of the single-layer wrapping area and the standard pitch of the tire forming machine, the crown belt gaps in each row of the single-layer wrapping area are determined. Through this embodiment, on the one hand, by using image processing to detect crown belt gaps, not only is the entire crown belt wrapping process monitored, but real-time monitoring of crown belt gaps is also achieved, reducing the scrap tire rate. On the other hand, image processing not only avoids the long measurement time of manual measurement, reducing measurement time, but also avoids the problem of large errors in manual measurement, improving measurement accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this disclosure will be briefly introduced below.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a crown band gap detection system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for detecting gaps in a crown band strip provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a composite image provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a single-layer winding region provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a single crown band strip and crown band gap provided for an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crown band gap detection device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary descriptions for explaining the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure clearer, the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] First, the technical terms used in this disclosure will be introduced and explained: 1. Tire Forming Machine: A tire forming machine is a specialized piece of equipment used to assemble various semi-finished components (such as tread, ply, and steel wire rings) into a tire blank (green tire). It is one of the core pieces of equipment in the tire manufacturing process. Its technical complexity and precision directly affect the quality, uniformity, and performance of the tire.

[0027] 2. Line Scan Camera: A line scan camera's sensor has only one row of light-sensitive pixels (usually several thousand pixels), forming a "line". Unlike a regular camera, it cannot capture an entire two-dimensional image in a single exposure. Instead, it scans and exposes line by line through continuous relative movement with the subject, then stitches these "line" images together to form a complete two-dimensional image.

[0028] 3. Belt Drum: Also known as the belt layer bonding drum, it is the core component of the second stage forming machine in the two-stage tire building machine. It is a precision-engineered metal drum capable of high-speed rotation and complex radial expansion and contraction. Its main task is to combine the pre-cut steel belts and tread into a single unit with extremely high precision, and then transfer and fit it onto the first stage of the formed tire carcass.

[0029] The crown band gap detection method in this embodiment can be implemented by a crown band gap detection system. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crown band gap detection system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a belt drum 101, a line scan camera 102, and a processing device 103. Figure 1 The belt drum 101 shown is a cross-section of the belt drum, wherein: The line scan camera 102 is used to continuously acquire images of the entire process of the crown strip being wound on the belt drum 101 during the time period of the last turn of the crown strip being wound, obtain each sequence of images, and send each sequence of images to the processing device 103. The processing device 103 is used to receive each sequence image, and to split and merge each sequence image to obtain the composite image corresponding to the last loop of the crown strip. Processing equipment 103 is used to obtain the process parameters corresponding to the crown strip winding process; Processing device 103 is used to extract a single-layer winding area from the composite image according to process parameters; Processing device 103 is used to determine each individual crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area; Processing equipment 103 is used to determine the gaps of each crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area based on the edges of each individual crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area and the standard pitch corresponding to the tire forming machine.

[0030] In this embodiment of the disclosure, a system consisting of a line scan camera, a processing device, and a belt drum is used to detect the gaps in the crown belt of a tire forming machine through data interaction. This enables full-process monitoring of tire bonding quality, improves bonding quality, reduces waste tire rate, and reduces manual measurement.

[0031] The crown strip gap detection method in this embodiment can be executed by a server or a terminal device. The server can be an independent physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server or server cluster providing basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN (Content Delivery Network), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms. The aforementioned networks can include, but are not limited to, wired networks and wireless networks. Wired networks include local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). Wireless networks include Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and other networks that enable wireless communication. The terminal device can be a smartphone (such as an Android phone, iOS phone, etc.), tablet computer, laptop computer, digital broadcast receiver, MID (Mobile Internet Device), PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), desktop computer, in-vehicle terminal (e.g., in-vehicle navigation terminal), smart speaker, smartwatch, etc. The terminal device and the server can be directly or indirectly connected via wired or wireless communication, but are not limited to these methods. The specific requirements can be determined based on the actual application scenario, and are not limited here.

[0032] See Figure 2 , Figure 2 This disclosure provides a method for detecting gaps in a tire belt strip. The method is applied to a tire forming machine, where the tire belt strip is wound around the belt drum of the tire forming machine. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following steps: Step S101: Acquire the sequence images obtained by the continuous acquisition of the last loop of the crown strip through the line scan camera, merge the sequence images to obtain the composite image; Step S102: Obtain the process parameters corresponding to the crown strip winding process; Step S103: According to the process parameters, extract the single-layer winding area from the composite image; Step S104: Determine the individual crown strips corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area; Step S105: Determine the gaps of each crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area based on the edge of each individual crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area and the standard pitch corresponding to the tire forming machine.

[0033] Optionally, in this embodiment, a line scan camera is mainly used to continuously acquire images during the time period when the last turn of the crown strip begins to be wound on the belt drum, so as to obtain various sequence images. In other words, the line scan camera continuously acquires images of the entire process of the last turn of the crown strip being wound on the belt drum, so as to obtain various sequence images.

[0034] In the process of acquiring images, the line scan camera needs to ensure that there is relative motion between the belt drum and the line scan camera. In this embodiment of the disclosure, the belt drum rotates while the line scan camera remains stationary to ensure that there is relative motion between the belt drum and the line scan camera.

[0035] In addition, the line scan camera's line frequency (how many lines to acquire per second) must be precisely synchronized with the movement speed of the belt drum. An encoder can provide real-time feedback on the belt drum's speed, and the line scan camera adjusts its acquisition frequency based on this speed signal.

[0036] The following details how to obtain the corresponding synthetic image based on each image sequence.

[0037] In one optional embodiment, acquiring sequential images obtained continuously by a line scan camera during the winding of the last loop of the crown strip, and merging these sequential images to obtain a composite image, includes: receiving a start bonding signal from a programmable logic controller (PLC), wherein the PLC controls a tire forming machine, and the tire forming machine begins winding the crown strip after receiving the start bonding signal; determining the line frequency of the line scan camera based on the process parameters contained in the start bonding signal and the drum rotation pulse frequency of the tire forming machine, and sending the line frequency to the line scan camera; wherein, when the line scan camera receives the line frequency, continuous acquisition is performed according to the line frequency throughout the winding of the last loop of the crown strip to obtain sequential images; acquiring the sequential images acquired by the line scan camera; and stitching the sequential images together to obtain a composite image.

[0038] Optionally, the tire forming machine is controlled by a PLC. When the last turn of the crown strip is wound, the PLC sends a start bonding signal to the tire forming machine and simultaneously sends the start bonding signal to the processing equipment.

[0039] When the tire forming machine receives the start bonding signal, it controls the belt drum to perform the final turn of crown strip winding. The start bonding signal contains the crown strip's process parameters, including: the standard single crown strip width, the standard overall crown strip width, and the crown strip winding method (i.e., the number of layers to be wound in each winding area).

[0040] When the processing device receives the bonding start signal, it determines the line frequency of the line scan camera based on the standard single width of the crown strip, the standard overall width of the crown strip, and the winding method of the crown strip contained in the bonding start signal, combined with the drum rotation pulse frequency of the belt drum. The line frequency is then sent to the line scan camera. During the time period of winding the last turn of the crown strip on the belt drum, that is, during the entire process of winding the last turn of the crown strip, the line scan camera continuously acquires images based on the received line frequency, obtaining the aforementioned image sequences. After the image acquisition ends, the line scan camera sends the acquired image sequences to the processing device. The processing device receives the image sequences sent by the line scan camera and stitches the acquired image sequences together to obtain the aforementioned composite image. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a composite image provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, such as... Figure 3 As shown, this is the composite image corresponding to the last loop of the crown band. It can be seen that the composite image contains not only the image information of the area where the crown band is wrapped, but also the image information of the drumhead.

[0041] After obtaining the composite image using the above method, image cropping can be performed based on the acquired process parameters to extract the single-layer winding area from the composite image. For example, assuming the winding method in the process parameters is from left to right, with the left 30% being a non-single-layer winding area, the middle 40% being a single-layer winding area, and the right 30% being a non-single-layer winding area, then the cropping ratio can be calculated based on the standard single width of the crown band strip, the standard overall width of the crown band strip, and the width of the composite image in the process parameters. Based on this cropping ratio, the single-layer winding area can be extracted from the composite image. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a single-layer winding region provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the area indicated by the dashed box 40 is the single-layer winding area.

[0042] Based on the extracted single-layer winding area, edge detection processing is performed on the single-layer winding area to determine the individual crown strips corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area. Figure 5A schematic diagram of a single crown band strip and crown band gap provided in an embodiment of this disclosure, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The entire image shown is any one row of an image within a single-layer winding region, and the area shown in 50 is one of the individual crown bands in that row of images.

[0043] Then, based on the edges of each individual crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area, and the standard pitch corresponding to the tire forming machine, the gaps of each crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area are determined. For example... Figure 5 As shown, 51 is one of the coronary sutures, 52 is the left edge of the coronary suture, and 53 is the right edge of the coronary suture.

[0044] The pitch specification of the ball screw used to control precision motion in a standard pitch tire forming machine is specified. In a tire forming machine, the ball screw is responsible for converting the rotational motion of the main motor into precise linear motion, used to control: 1. Precise displacement of the feed rack: ensuring that the tread, belt layers, and other rubber materials can be accurately and aligned to adhere to the forming drum; 2. Feeding of various pressing rollers: controlling the pressure and position of the pressure rollers to eliminate air bubbles and ensure interlayer adhesion; 3. Variation in the width of the forming drum: in some types of forming machines, the screw is used to precisely control the opening and closing of the drum to accommodate tires of different sizes.

[0045] Common thread pitch values ​​(unit: millimeters, mm) include: 5mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm (very common), 12mm, 16mm, 20mm, and 25mm. Among these, 10mm and 20mm are among the most common choices for tire forming machines. This is understandable. The embodiments disclosed herein do not limit the specific value of the standard thread pitch; it can be determined according to actual circumstances.

[0046] Through the embodiments of this disclosure, on the one hand, by using image processing to detect the crown belt gap, not only is full-process monitoring of crown belt wrapping achieved, but also real-time monitoring of the crown belt gap is realized, reducing the waste tire rate; on the other hand, by using image processing, not only is the long time required for manual measurement avoided, reducing the measurement time, but also the problem of large errors in manual measurement is avoided, improving the measurement accuracy.

[0047] In one optional embodiment, the process parameters include: standard single-strip width of the coronary band strip, standard overall width of the coronary band strip, and winding method of the coronary band strip. Based on the process parameters, extracting a single-layer winding area from the composite image includes: determining a first proportional relationship between the standard single-strip width of the coronary band strip and the standard overall width of the coronary band strip; determining a virtual single-strip width corresponding to the standard single-strip width of the coronary band strip in the composite image based on the total width of the coronary band strip in the composite image and the first proportional relationship; determining a second proportional relationship between the single-layer winding area in the composite image and the composite image based on the winding method of the coronary band strip; and extracting the single-layer winding area from the composite image based on the second proportional relationship, the virtual single-strip width, and the total width of the coronary band strip in the composite image.

[0048] Optionally, the process parameters corresponding to the obtained crown band wrapping process include: standard single width of the crown band, standard overall width of the crown band, and crown band wrapping method. The crown band wrapping method is the pre-set proportion and wrapping position of the non-single-layer wrapping area and the single-layer wrapping area of ​​the crown band.

[0049] The following details how to cut out a single-layer winding area: Assume the standard single width of the crown band is K1, the overall standard width of the crown band is K2, the virtual single width of the standard single width of the crown band in the composite image is Y1, and the total width of the crown band in the composite image is Y2.

[0050] First, the primary proportional relationship between the standard single width K1 of the crown band strip and the standard overall width K2 of the crown band strip is determined; this primary proportional relationship is K1 / K2. Based on the formula K1 / K2=Y1 / Y2, the virtual single width Y1 corresponding to the standard single width of the crown band strip in the composite image can be determined.

[0051] The total width of the crown band in the synthesized image is determined based on the distance between the leftmost and rightmost edges of the synthesized image.

[0052] Then, based on the way the crown band is wrapped, a second proportional relationship between the single-layer wrapping area and the composite image is determined, such as the single-layer wrapping area being located in the region between 30% and 70% of the entire composite image.

[0053] Finally, based on the second proportional relationship, and the determined virtual single strip width and the total width of the crown strip in the composite image, a single-layer winding region is extracted from the composite image.

[0054] Through the embodiments of this disclosure, a single-layer winding region can be accurately extracted from a synthetic image through simple proportional conversion, which is convenient and improves computational efficiency.

[0055] In one optional embodiment, determining each individual crown band corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding region includes: sampling the single-layer winding region according to a pre-set sampling method to obtain each sampling row image; performing opening operation denoising processing on each sampling row image to obtain denoised sampling row images; determining the edges of each denoised sampling row image by edge detection and sub-pixel fitting; and determining each individual crown band corresponding to each sampling row image based on the edges of each denoised sampling row image.

[0056] Optionally, sampling can be performed according to actual needs. More sampling results in higher detection accuracy but slower software processing speed, while fewer sampling results in lower detection accuracy but faster software processing speed. Sampling methods can be preset according to actual needs. Based on the preset sampling method (such as sampling one row every 50 rows), the single-layer winding area is sampled to obtain images of each sampling row.

[0057] An opening operation is performed on each sampled row of the image to achieve denoising, resulting in denoised images of each sampled row. The opening operation is one of the fundamental operations in mathematical morphology, consisting of a composite operation of erosion followed by dilation.

[0058] Then, by using edge detection and subpixel fitting, the edges of each sampled row of the image after denoising can be accurately determined.

[0059] Edge detection is a fundamental problem in image processing and computer vision. Its purpose is to identify points in a digital image where brightness changes are significant. Significant changes in image attributes often reflect important events and shifts in those attributes. These include discontinuities in depth, surface orientation, material properties, and scene lighting. Common edge detection methods can be broadly categorized into two types: search-based and zero-crossing-based. Search-based edge detection methods first calculate edge strength, typically expressed as the first derivative; zero-crossing-based methods locate edges by finding the zero-crossing points of the second derivative obtained from the image. This embodiment uses the Canny edge detection operator, which achieves high-precision edge extraction through four core steps: Gaussian filtering for noise reduction, gradient calculation, non-maximum suppression, and dual-threshold detection, meeting the optimal criteria of low error rate, high localization, and minimal response. It is understood that this embodiment does not limit the specific edge detection operator; appropriate edge detection operators can be selected as needed.

[0060] Subpixel fitting involves using a mathematical model to fit a local region of an image to a surface or curve, achieving a positioning accuracy exceeding that of a single pixel. Its core principle is to analyze the grayscale or color variation patterns of multiple pixels and construct a high-order function model to estimate the subtle changes in the actual physical location.

[0061] Based on the standard single width of the coronary band strip and the edges of each sampled row image after denoising, each coronary band strip corresponding to each sampled row image can be determined. Specifically, assuming the standard single width of the coronary band strip is width 1, and the width between any two adjacent edges of each sampled row is width X, width X and width 1 can be compared. The position where the distance between width X and width 1 is less than a preset threshold is determined as a single coronary band strip.

[0062] Through the embodiments of this disclosure, each individual crown band in each sampled row image can be determined by image processing, laying the foundation for subsequent determination of the crown band gap based on each individual crown band.

[0063] In one optional embodiment, the crown belt gaps corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area are determined based on the edges of each individual crown belt strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area and the standard pitch corresponding to the tire forming machine. This includes: for the edges of each individual crown belt strip in each row of the single-layer winding area, the distance between any two adjacent edges is screened according to the standard pitch to determine each crown belt gap in each row of the single-layer winding area. Here, each row of the single-layer winding area is a sampling row obtained through sampling, and the difference between the distance corresponding to each crown belt gap and the standard pitch is within a preset threshold.

[0064] Optionally, as described above, the edges of each sampled row of images are determined through edge detection and subpixel fitting. Then, the distance between any two adjacent edges is filtered according to the standard pitch. The edges of each sampled row of images in the single-layer winding region are arranged and filtered. The filtering criterion is that the difference between the distance corresponding to each coronary band slit and the standard pitch is within a preset threshold. According to this filtering criterion, each coronary band slit in each row of the single-layer winding region can be determined. Among them, the coronary band strips are arranged in order from left to right. For any coronary band slit, the left edge of the coronary band slit is the right edge of the coronary band strip that is adjacent to it and is in the left order, and the right edge of the coronary band slit is the left edge of the coronary band strip that is adjacent to it and is in the right order.

[0065] The embodiments disclosed herein enable accurate calculation of the crown band gap, improving detection accuracy. At the same time, it avoids manual measurement and improves detection efficiency.

[0066] In one optional embodiment, after determining the crown band gap, the method further includes: determining whether the crown band gap exceeds a preset tolerance range; if it does, sending an alarm notification message through an alarm module.

[0067] Optionally, after determining the gap in the crown band strip, the processing equipment can determine whether the gap is within a preset tolerance range. If not, the processing equipment needs to send an alarm message to the alarm module. After receiving the alarm message, the alarm module will send an alarm message to the operator. The alarm message can be sent by light and / or sound, which is not limited here.

[0068] Through the embodiments of this disclosure, when the detected gap in the crown strip does not meet the requirements, an alarm message can be sent to the workers in a timely manner, reducing the scrap tire rate and improving production quality.

[0069] The following describes the crown strip gap detection method of this disclosure with reference to an embodiment. The main structure of the method consists of three parts: a line scanning camera, a processing system, and an alarm system. During the crown strip winding process in the forming machine, the main steps are as follows: Step S1: After receiving the start bonding signal for the last loop sent by the PLC, the processing system transmits the start bonding signal to the line scan camera. After receiving the start bonding signal, the line scan camera begins to acquire images. Step S2: Throughout the subsequent crown band wrapping process, the line scan camera continuously acquires images; Step S3: After the crown band is wrapped, the line scan camera completes image acquisition, and the image data (corresponding to the above sequence images) is sent to the processing system; Step S4: Decompose the image data according to the image height of one loop of the crown band strip to obtain each composite image, and stitch the images in sequence to obtain the composite image corresponding to the last loop of the crown band strip. Step S5: The processing system extracts the single-layer winding area from the composite image by inputting process parameters, including the single width of the crown band strip (i.e., the standard single width of the crown band strip), the overall width (i.e., the standard overall width of the crown band strip), and the winding method. Step S6: The single-layer winding region extracted in the height direction (i.e., Y direction) of the synthesized image is sampled at intervals, and the sampled image is denoised by opening operation. The edge of the single crown strip in the sampled image is found by Canny edge detection and sub-pixel fitting. Step S7: Each sampling row includes multiple coronary band edges. According to the standard pitch and the standard single width of the coronary band strip, the edges of each single coronary band strip are arranged. Based on the criterion that the current left edge of the coronary band and the right edge of the next coronary band are the coronary band gaps, the coronary band gaps corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area are determined. Step S8: If the gap value of the crown strip calculated in the sampling row exceeds the preset tolerance range, an alarm will be triggered through the alarm system.

[0070] Through the embodiments of this disclosure, real-time detection of the gap in the crown strip of the tire forming machine is achieved through data interaction between the line scan camera, the processing system, and the alarm system. This enables full-process monitoring of tire bonding quality, improves bonding quality, reduces waste tire rate, and reduces the workload of operators.

[0071] This disclosure provides a crown band gap detection device, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the crown band gap detection device 60 may include: a first acquisition module 601, a second acquisition module 602, a cutting module 603, a first determination module 604, and a second determination module 605, wherein: The first acquisition module 601 is used to acquire various sequence images obtained by continuous acquisition through a line scan camera during the process of wrapping the last turn of the crown strip, and to merge the various sequence images to obtain a composite image. The second acquisition module 602 is used to acquire the process parameters corresponding to the crown strip winding process; Cutting mold 603 is used to cut out single-layer winding areas from the composite image according to process parameters; The first determining module 604 is used to determine each individual crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area; The second determining module 605 is used to determine the gaps of each crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area based on the edges of each single crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area and the standard pitch corresponding to the tire forming machine.

[0072] In an optional embodiment, the second determining module 605 is specifically used to: for the edge of each single crown strip in each row of the single-layer winding area, filter the distance between any two adjacent edges according to the standard pitch, and determine each crown gap in each row of the single-layer winding area, wherein each row of the single-layer winding area is a sampling row obtained by sampling, and the difference between the distance corresponding to each crown gap and the standard pitch is within a preset threshold.

[0073] In one optional embodiment, the process parameters include: standard single width of the coronary band strip, standard overall width of the coronary band strip, and winding method of the coronary band strip. The cutting module 603 is specifically used to: determine a first proportional relationship between the standard single width of the coronary band strip and the standard overall width of the coronary band strip based on the standard single width of the coronary band strip and the standard overall width of the coronary band strip; determine a virtual single width of the standard single width of the coronary band strip in the composite image based on the total width of the coronary band strip in the composite image and the first proportional relationship; determine a second proportional relationship between the single-layer winding area in the composite image and the composite image based on the winding method of the coronary band strip; and cut out the single-layer winding area from the composite image based on the second proportional relationship, the virtual single width, and the total width of the coronary band strip in the composite image.

[0074] In one optional embodiment, the first determining module 604 is specifically used for: sampling the single-layer winding region according to a preset sampling method to obtain each sampling row image; performing opening operation denoising processing on each sampling row image to obtain each denoised sampling row image; determining the edge of each denoised sampling row image by edge detection and sub-pixel fitting; and determining each single crown strip corresponding to each sampling row image based on the edge of each denoised sampling row image.

[0075] In one optional embodiment, the first acquisition module 601 is specifically configured to: receive a start bonding signal sent by a programmable logic controller (PLC), wherein the PLC controls a tire forming machine, and the tire forming machine begins to perform crown strip winding after receiving the start bonding signal; determine the line frequency of the line scan camera based on the process parameters contained in the start bonding signal and the drum rotation pulse frequency of the tire forming machine, and send the line frequency to the line scan camera, wherein when the line scan camera receives the line frequency, it continuously acquires images according to the line frequency throughout the entire process of winding the last turn of the crown strip to obtain various sequence images; acquire the various sequence images acquired by the line scan camera; and stitch the various sequence images together to obtain a composite image.

[0076] In an optional embodiment, the device further includes an alarm module, configured to: determine whether each coronary band gap exceeds a preset tolerance range for each identified coronary band gap; if it does, send an alarm notification message through the alarm module.

[0077] Through the embodiments of this disclosure, on the one hand, by using image processing to detect the crown belt gap, not only is full-process monitoring of crown belt wrapping achieved, but also real-time monitoring of the crown belt gap is realized, reducing the waste tire rate; on the other hand, by using image processing, not only is the long time required for manual measurement avoided, reducing the measurement time, but also the problem of large errors in manual measurement is avoided, improving the measurement accuracy.

[0078] The apparatus of this disclosure embodiment can execute the method provided in this disclosure embodiment, and its implementation principle is similar, and it has corresponding technical effects. The actions performed by each module in the apparatus of each embodiment of this disclosure correspond to the steps in the method of each embodiment of this disclosure. For a detailed functional description of each module of the apparatus, please refer to the description in the corresponding method shown above, and it will not be repeated here.

[0079] This disclosure provides an electronic device (computer apparatus / device / system) including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method provided in any optional embodiment of this disclosure.

[0080] In one alternative embodiment, an electronic device is provided, such as Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The illustrated electronic device 4000 includes a processor 4001 and a memory 4003. The processor 4001 and the memory 4003 are connected, for example, via a bus 4002. Optionally, the electronic device 4000 may further include a transceiver 4004, which can be used for data interaction between the electronic device and other electronic devices, such as sending and / or receiving data. It should be noted that in practical applications, the transceiver 4004 is not limited to one type, and the structure of the electronic device 4000 does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0081] Processor 4001 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a general-purpose processor, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute the various exemplary logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in conjunction with this disclosure. Processor 4001 may also be a combination that implements computational functions, such as including one or more microprocessor combinations, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, etc.

[0082] Bus 4002 may include a pathway for transmitting information between the aforementioned components. Bus 4002 may be a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, etc. Bus 4002 can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 7 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0083] The memory 4003 may be ROM (Read Only Memory) or other types of static storage devices capable of storing static information and instructions, RAM (Random Access Memory) or other types of dynamic storage devices capable of storing information and instructions, or EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital universal optical discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media, other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing computer programs and capable of being read by a computer, without limitation herein.

[0084] The memory 4003 is used to store computer programs that execute embodiments of the present disclosure, and is controlled by the processor 4001 to execute them. The processor 4001 is used to execute the computer programs stored in the memory 4003 to implement the steps shown in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0085] This disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, can implement the steps and corresponding content of the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0086] This disclosure also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, can implement the steps and corresponding content of the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0087] It should be understood that although arrows indicate various operation steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments of this disclosure, the order in which these steps are implemented is not limited to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, in some implementation scenarios of the embodiments of this disclosure, the implementation steps in each flowchart can be executed in other orders as required. Furthermore, some or all of the steps in each flowchart may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages based on the actual implementation scenario. Some or all of these sub-steps or stages can be executed at the same time, and each sub-step or stage can also be executed at different times. In scenarios where execution times differ, the execution order of these sub-steps or stages can be flexibly configured as required, and the embodiments of this disclosure do not limit this.

[0088] The above description is only an optional implementation method for some implementation scenarios of this disclosure. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, other similar implementation methods based on the technical concept of this disclosure without departing from the technical concept of this disclosure also fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for detecting gaps in a tire belt strip, applied to a tire forming machine, wherein the tire belt strip is wound around the belt drum of the tire forming machine, characterized in that... The method includes: The process involves acquiring sequential images of the crown band during the final wrapping process using a line scan camera, merging these sequential images to obtain a composite image. Obtain the process parameters corresponding to the crown strip winding process; Based on the process parameters, a single-layer winding region is extracted from the synthesized image; Determine the individual crown strips corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding region; Based on the edge of each individual crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area and the standard pitch corresponding to the tire forming machine, determine each crown strip gap corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area; The process parameters include: standard single width of the crown band strip, standard overall width of the crown band strip, and crown band strip winding method; The step of extracting the single-layer winding region from the composite image according to the process parameters includes: determining a first proportional relationship between the standard single width of the coronary band strip and the standard overall width of the coronary band strip based on the standard single width of the coronary band strip and the standard overall width of the coronary band strip; determining a virtual single width corresponding to the standard single width of the coronary band strip in the composite image based on the total width of the coronary band strip in the composite image and the first proportional relationship; determining a second proportional relationship between the single-layer winding region in the composite image and the composite image based on the coronary band strip winding method; and extracting the single-layer winding region from the composite image based on the second proportional relationship, the virtual single width, and the total width of the coronary band strip in the composite image.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the crown belt gap corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area based on the edge of each individual crown belt strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area and the standard pitch corresponding to the tire forming machine includes: For each single crown strip edge in each row of the single-layer winding area, the distance between any two adjacent edges is filtered according to the standard pitch to determine each crown gap in each row of the single-layer winding area. Each row of the single-layer winding area is a sampling row obtained by sampling, and the difference between the distance corresponding to each crown gap and the standard pitch is within a preset threshold.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining each individual crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding region includes: The single-layer winding area is sampled according to a preset sampling method to obtain images of each sampling row; Perform an opening operation on each of the sampled row images to denoise them, and obtain the denoised sampled row images. Edges of each sampled row of the image after denoising are determined by edge detection and subpixel fitting. Based on the edges of each sampled row image after denoising, determine the individual crown bands corresponding to each sampled row image.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of acquiring sequential images obtained continuously by a line scan camera during the winding of the last loop of the crown band, and merging these sequential images to obtain a composite image, includes: The system receives a start bonding signal from a programmable logic controller (PLC), wherein the PLC controls the tire forming machine, and the tire forming machine begins to perform crown strip winding after receiving the start bonding signal. Based on the winding process parameters contained in the start bonding signal and the drum rotation pulse frequency of the tire forming machine, the line frequency of the line scan camera is determined and sent to the line scan camera. When the line scan camera receives the line frequency, continuous acquisition is performed according to the line frequency throughout the entire process of winding the last turn of the crown strip to obtain the various sequence images. Acquire the various image sequences captured by the line scan camera; The individual image sequences are stitched together to obtain the composite image.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After determining the individual coronal girdle sutures corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding region, the method further includes: For each identified coronary girdle gap, determine whether each coronary girdle gap exceeds the preset tolerance range; If the limit is exceeded, an alarm notification message will be sent through the alarm module.

6. A device for detecting gaps in crown band strips, characterized in that, The device is used in a tire forming machine, wherein the crown belt strip is wound around the belt drum of the tire forming machine, and the device includes: The processing module is used to acquire the various sequence images obtained by the continuous acquisition of the line scan camera during the process of winding the last turn of the crown strip, and to merge the various sequence images to obtain a composite image; The acquisition module is used to acquire the process parameters corresponding to the crown strip winding process; The cropping module is used to crop a single-layer winding region in the synthesized image according to the process parameters. The first determining module is used to determine each individual crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding region; The second determining module is used to determine the crown gap corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area based on the edge of each single crown strip corresponding to each row of the single-layer winding area and the standard pitch corresponding to the tire forming machine. The process parameters include: standard single width of the crown band strip, standard overall width of the crown band strip, and crown band strip winding method; The extraction module is specifically configured to: determine a first proportional relationship between the standard single width of the coronary band strip and the standard overall width of the coronary band strip based on the standard single width of the coronary band strip and the standard overall width of the coronary band strip; determine a virtual single width corresponding to the standard single width of the coronary band strip in the synthesized image based on the total width of the coronary band strip in the synthesized image and the first proportional relationship; determine a second proportional relationship between the single-layer winding area in the synthesized image and the synthesized image based on the winding method of the coronary band strip; and extract the single-layer winding area from the synthesized image based on the second proportional relationship, the virtual single width, and the total width of the coronary band strip in the synthesized image.

7. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1-5.

9. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-5.

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