A multifunctional disassembling and assembling device and method for hollow shaft structure and shaft holding box structure

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of driving device disassembly and assembly, in particular to a multifunctional disassembly and assembly device and method for hollow shaft structure and shaft box structure, the device is used near the wheel pressure press machine, and comprises a platform, an axle fixing structure, nylon blocks for supporting one side of the axle of the shaft box structure when the axle fixing structure is in a working position, a gear box support seat for supporting the gear box of the hollow shaft structure and the shaft box structure, a hollow shaft support seat provided with two rotatable nylon wheels at the top, the nylon wheels for supporting the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft structure and rotating the hollow shaft during the assembly of the hollow shaft structure, and a single-side wheel support seat provided with a locking device and a V-shaped block, the V-shaped block for axle support, the locking device for fixing the single-side wheel support seat to the platform when the single-side wheel support seat is in a working position, effectively solving the technical defects in the existing tool operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drive device disassembly and assembly technology, specifically to a multifunctional disassembly and assembly device and method for hollow shaft structures and bearing box structures. Background Technology

[0002] Overhauling the drive system of electric locomotives involves various models, each with its own drive structure. For example, the hollow axle structure and the axle box structure, which are the most frequently encountered in electric locomotive overhauls, differ significantly. Existing tooling is mostly designed for a single function, and specialized tooling is required for different structures.

[0003] In the existing tooling operation process, due to the limited space, it is necessary to rely on overhead cranes to transport the original tooling and install the new tooling when changing tooling. This not only causes a lot of time waste and increases the labor burden of operators, but also poses safety hazards during the tooling hoisting process. At the same time, the storage and maintenance of special tooling also increases the company's operating costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multifunctional disassembly and assembly device and method for hollow shaft structures and axle box structures to solve the technical defects of the existing tooling operations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to design a multifunctional disassembly and assembly device and method for hollow shaft structures and bearing box structures, in contrast to existing technical solutions, to solve the technical defects of the above-mentioned existing tooling operations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structures and axle box structures, operating near a wheel press machine, comprising:

[0008] platform;

[0009] The axle fixing structure is slidably installed on the platform, including an upper baffle and a nylon block fixedly connected to one end of the upper baffle. The upper baffle is detachably mounted on the upright plate of the axle fixing structure. When the axle fixing structure is in the working position, the axle fixing structure is fixed to the platform by bolts. At this time, the nylon block is used to support one side of the axle of the axle box structure.

[0010] Gearbox support base, fixedly mounted on the platform, is used to support gearboxes with hollow shaft structure or bushing structure;

[0011] A hollow shaft support is fixedly mounted on a platform, with two rotatable nylon wheels on the top. The nylon wheels are used to support the hollow shaft and rotate the hollow shaft during the assembly process of the hollow shaft structure.

[0012] The single-sided wheel support is slidably mounted on the platform and is equipped with a locking device and a V-block. The V-block is used for axle support. When the single-sided wheel support is in the working position, the locking device is used to fix the single-sided wheel support to the platform.

[0013] The above technical solution produces the following technical effects:

[0014] This multi-functional disassembly and assembly device integrates the axle fixing structure, gearbox support, hollow shaft support, and single-sided wheel support onto the same platform through an integrated design, enabling one-stop disassembly and assembly of the hollow shaft structure and axle box structure.

[0015] Specifically, the axle fixing structure of this application flexibly adapts to the fixing needs of axles of different specifications through a combination of a detachable upper baffle and nylon blocks; the gearbox support firmly supports the gearbox, ensuring stability during disassembly or assembly; the rotatable nylon wheel design of the hollow shaft support not only facilitates the rotation and adjustment of the hollow shaft but also reduces frictional resistance during assembly, improving work efficiency; the single-sided wheel support uses a sliding and locking mechanism to precisely position the axle, enhancing the flexibility and accuracy of the operation. Overall, this device significantly improves the efficiency and quality of disassembly and assembly operations, reduces labor intensity and costs, and effectively solves the technical defects in existing tooling operations.

[0016] As a further improvement to the multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structure and axle box structure of this application, the platform is provided with a first slide rail, and the axle fixing structure is slidably connected to the platform through the base plate.

[0017] The base plate is fixed to the upright plate by tie rods. The axle fixing structure includes two upright plates. The two upright plates and the base plate surround an assembly cavity, which is used to assemble one side of the axle of the axle box structure.

[0018] The base plate is provided with threaded holes, which are used to fix the axle fixing structure to the platform with bolts.

[0019] As a further improvement to the multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structure and bearing box structure of this application, the platform is provided with a second slide rail, and the single-sided wheel support seat is slidably connected to the platform through the lower plate.

[0020] The V-block has belts at both ends, and the platform is used to fix the axle to the V-block.

[0021] As a further improvement to the multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structure and bearing box structure of this application, a limit baffle is provided on one side of the gearbox support to ensure the stability of the gearbox placement position.

[0022] As a further improvement to the multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structure and bearing box structure of this application, two gearbox support seats are provided, and the distance between two adjacent gearbox support seats is set according to the gearbox size.

[0023] As a further improvement to the multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structure and bearing box structure of this application, at least one lifting lug is provided around the platform.

[0024] As a further improvement to the multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structure and bearing box structure of this application, the nylon block is U-shaped.

[0025] A multifunctional disassembly and assembly method for hollow shaft structure and axle box structure, wherein the hollow shaft structure and axle box structure are disassembled and assembled by any of the above-mentioned multifunctional disassembly and assembly devices for hollow shaft structure and axle box structure, the axle is supported by a single-sided wheel support seat, and single-sided wheel pressure is applied to the axle.

[0026] During the assembly of the hollow shaft structure, the gearbox is supported by the gearbox support seat to complete the hollow shaft mounting connecting rod disc and the hollow shaft assembly to complete the axle with single-sided wheel pressure;

[0027] During the assembly of the axle box structure, the gearbox is supported by the gearbox support seat to complete the press-fitting with the axle, and one side of the axle press-fitted with the gearbox is supported by the hollow shaft support seat, and then the axle box structure is assembled.

[0028] As a multifunctional disassembly and assembly method for hollow shaft structures and axle box structures according to this application, the hollow shaft structure assembly method includes the following steps:

[0029] Step S11, Single-sided wheel press-fitting: Adjust the single-sided wheel support to the working position, and then fix the single-sided wheel support to the platform through the locking device; the V-block supports the axle, and at the same time, the axle and the prepared wheel are assembled on one side, and then the wheel is lifted onto the wheel press-fitting machine through a special lifting tool to achieve single-sided press-fitting of the wheel and the axle;

[0030] Step S12, Connecting rod plate installation: Hoist the entire gearbox with hollow shaft structure onto the gearbox support base, place the hollow shaft in the hollow shaft support base, install the connecting rod plate on the non-tooth side of the hollow shaft. During the installation process, the hollow shaft needs to be rotated to adjust the position of the three pawls on the tooth side of the hollow shaft to be aligned with the position of the three pawls in the connecting rod plate. Then install the connecting rod and transmission pin on the connecting rod plate.

[0031] Step S13, Installing the single-sided wheel: Use a special single-sided wheel lifting tool to lift the axle that has been pressed by the single-sided wheel from the single-sided wheel support seat, and adjust the single-sided wheel support seat to the waiting position; insert the axle into the gearbox from the non-tooth side of the hollow shaft, adjust the position of the drive pin on the wheel so that it is installed in the connecting rod round hole of the connecting rod disc, and finally use bolt washers to fix the wheel to the connecting rod disc;

[0032] Step S14, Toothed Wheel Installation: Adjust the axle fixing structure to the waiting position, install the guide sleeve on the toothed side of the axle, put the prepared wheel set on the toothed side of the axle, and then use an overhead crane to lift the entire drive to the wheel pressing machine for toothed wheel pressing.

[0033] The disassembly method of the hollow shaft structure is the opposite of the assembly method of the hollow shaft structure.

[0034] As a further improvement to the multifunctional disassembly and assembly method for hollow shaft structure and axle box structure of this application, the axle box structure assembly method includes the following steps:

[0035] Step S21, Axle and Gear Core Press-fit: Adjust the single-sided wheel support to the working position, and then fix the single-sided wheel support to the platform using the locking device. Place the axle on the single-sided wheel support for preparation. Use an overhead crane to lift the gearbox with the axle box structure to the gearbox support position for preparation. After preparation, install the axle press-fit fixture at the gearbox gear core mounting hole position. Use an overhead crane to lift the prepared axle and pass it through the axle press-fit fixture. Use a hollow shaft support to support the axle. Use an overhead crane to lift the gearbox and axle as a whole to the wheel press-fit machine for press-fitting.

[0036] Step S22, Axle box assembly: Move the axle fixing structure to the working position, use bolts to fix the axle fixing structure to the platform, remove the upper baffle and nylon block from the upper surface of the axle fixing structure, lift the gearbox with the pressed axle onto the gearbox support 2, and use the hollow shaft support to support the axle; install the nylon block onto the journal on the axle tooth side; install the upper baffle and fix the upper baffle to the column, remove the hollow shaft support, move the single-sided wheel support to the waiting position, and then assemble the axle box;

[0037] Step S23, Wheel Press Installation: After the axle box is assembled, the entire structure is hoisted to the motor assembly area for motor assembly. After the motor assembly is completed, the axle fixing structure is moved to the waiting position, and the entire structure is hoisted onto the multi-functional disassembly and assembly device, so that the gearbox is placed on the gearbox support seat. The overhead crane is then removed. Wheel guide sleeves are installed at both ends of the axle, and the prepared wheel sleeves are placed on the axle. Then, the wheel is hoisted to the wheel press installation machine for wheel pressing.

[0038] The disassembly method of the axle box structure is the opposite of the assembly method. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structure and bearing box structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a side view of the multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structure and bearing box structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional view at point A;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a photograph of a wheel and axle that have undergone single-sided wheel pressing.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a photograph of the hollow shaft structure.

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a hollow shaft structure;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a photograph of the actual connection between the hollow shaft and the connecting rod disc.

[0046] Figure 8 A structural diagram of a single-sided wheel for an equipment set;

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembled axle box structure.

[0048] in:

[0049] 1 - Axle fixing structure;

[0050] 11 - Upper baffle;

[0051] 12 - Nylon block;

[0052] 13 - Vertical board;

[0053] 14 - Stretching;

[0054] 15 - Base plate;

[0055] 2 - Gearbox support;

[0056] 21-Limit baffle;

[0057] 3 - Hollow shaft support;

[0058] 31-Nylon wheel;

[0059] 4 - Single-sided wheel support;

[0060] 41 - Locking device;

[0061] 411 - Locking bolt;

[0062] 412 - Locking component;

[0063] 42 - Belt;

[0064] 43-V-block;

[0065] 5 - Platform;

[0066] 51-Hanging lug;

[0067] 52 - First slide rail;

[0068] 53 - Second slide rail;

[0069] 6 - Axle;

[0070] 61 - Wheel;

[0071] 7-Gearbox

[0072] 8 - Hollow shaft;

[0073] 81-Connecting rod disc;

[0074] 811-Connecting rod disc three-jaw;

[0075] 812-Connecting rod;

[0076] 813 - Transmission pin;

[0077] 82 - Hollow shaft with three-jaw jacks on the tooth side; Detailed Implementation

[0078] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0079] The following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further detailed explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in this invention is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.

[0080] Example 1

[0081] Because drive unit maintenance involves various vehicle models with significant structural differences, different tooling is required for auxiliary assembly due to space constraints when working on drive units of different models, resulting in significant time waste and increased workload for operators. Currently, the HXD3D and HXD3B drive units commonly used in electric locomotives require different tooling for disassembly and assembly due to their structural differences.

[0082] The HXD3D features a hollow shaft structure, and its drive unit also has a hollow shaft structure. Disassembly and assembly involve processes such as single-sided wheel press-fitting, single-sided wheel assembly, and press-fitting of the toothed side wheel 61, requiring the use of single-sided wheel press-fitting fixtures and single-sided wheel assembly fixtures. The HXD3B features an axle box structure. Traditionally, due to structural differences from the HXD3D model, a dedicated axle box assembly fixture is required for disassembly and assembly. Therefore, this invention's multi-functional disassembly and assembly device integrates the operational needs of both models, eliminating the need for specialized fixtures, including the single-sided wheel press-fitting fixture, effectively avoiding the aforementioned problems and improving operational efficiency and safety.

[0083] Specifically, such as Figure 1-3 The apparatus shown in this application operates near a wheel press machine and includes:

[0084] Platform 5;

[0085] The axle fixing structure 1 is slidably mounted on the platform 5, including an upper baffle 11 and a nylon block 12 fixedly connected to one end of the upper baffle 11. The upper baffle 11 is detachably mounted on the upright plate 13 of the axle fixing structure 1. When the axle fixing structure 1 is in the working position, it is fixed to the platform 5 by bolts. At this time, the nylon block 12 is used to support one side of the axle 6 of the axle box structure. The gearbox support 2 is fixedly mounted on the platform 5 and is used to support the gearbox 7 of the hollow shaft structure or the axle box structure. The nylon block 12 is U-shaped, and its opening faces the same direction as the placement direction of the axle 6, which facilitates further... The gearbox support 2 perfectly fits the shape of the axle 6 in the axle box structure, providing stable support. When working with the hollow axle structure, the gearbox support 2 can accurately position and firmly support the gearbox 7 of the hollow axle structure, ensuring that the gearbox 7 will not shake or shift during disassembly and assembly. At the same time, when the axle fixing structure 1 is not in the working position, it can slide on the platform 5 to easily adjust its position according to different work requirements. The detachable design of the upper baffle 11 allows for flexible replacement of the appropriate size upper baffle 11 when dealing with axles of different specifications 6, further enhancing the versatility and adaptability of the device.

[0086] Hollow shaft support 3 is fixedly installed on platform 5, and two rotatable nylon wheels 31 are provided on the top. The nylon wheels 31 are used to support the hollow shaft 8 of the hollow shaft structure and rotate the hollow shaft 8 during the assembly process of the hollow shaft structure.

[0087] Four single-sided wheel supports are slidably mounted on platform 5. They are equipped with a locking device 41 and a V-block 43. The V-block 43 supports the axle 6. When the four single-sided wheel supports are in the working position, the locking device 41 secures them to platform 5. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the locking device 41 includes a locking bolt 411 and a locking member 412. In practice, the locking bolt 411 is screwed onto one or both sides of the single-sided wheel support 4 via a threaded groove. During screwing, the top of the locking bolt 411 abuts against one side of the locking member 412, while the other side of the locking member 412 abuts against the second slide rail 53, thereby achieving locking. Conversely, if the locking bolt 411 is screwed in the opposite direction, the end of the locking bolt 411 will not abut against the locking member 412, thus failing to achieve locking, and the other side of the locking member 412 will not abut against the second slide rail 53.

[0088] Furthermore, the platform 5 of this application is provided with a first slide rail 52, and the axle fixing structure 1 is slidably connected to the platform 5 through the base plate 15; the base plate 15 is fixed to the upright plate 13 through the tie rod 14, the axle fixing structure 1 includes two upright plates 13, the two upright plates 13 and the base plate 15 surround an assembly cavity, the assembly cavity is used to assemble one side of the axle box structure axle 6; the base plate 15 is provided with threaded holes, the threaded holes are used to fix the axle fixing structure 1 to the platform 5 with bolts.

[0089] In addition, the platform 5 is equipped with a second slide rail 53, and the single-sided wheel support 4 is slidably connected to the platform 5 through the lower plate; the two ends of the V-block 43 are equipped with belts 42, and the platform 5 is used to fix the axle 6 to the V-block 43.

[0090] Furthermore, a limit baffle 21 is provided on one side of the gearbox support 2 to ensure the proper placement of the gearbox 7. Two gearbox support 2s are provided, with a spacing between adjacent gearbox support 2s determined according to the dimensions of the gearbox 7.

[0091] At least one lifting lug 51 is provided around the platform 5. The lifting lug 51 is used to provide lifting points during the overall transportation of the device, ensuring the safety and stability of the transportation process. This multi-functional disassembly and assembly device achieves efficient disassembly and assembly of hollow shaft structure and axle box structure drive devices through the rational layout of various structural components. In actual operation, the operator only needs to place the drive device to be disassembled or assembled in the corresponding position, and use the coordinated action of components such as axle fixing structure 1, gearbox support seat 2, hollow shaft support seat 3, and single-sided wheel support seat 4 to complete various operations.

[0092] Example 2

[0093] Furthermore, this application designs a multifunctional disassembly and assembly method for hollow shaft structure and axle box structure using the above-mentioned device. The disassembly and assembly of hollow shaft structure and axle box structure are realized by any of the above-mentioned multifunctional disassembly and assembly devices for hollow shaft structure and axle box structure. The single-sided wheel supports four seats to support the axle 6 and completes the single-sided wheel pressure on the axle 6.

[0094] During the assembly of the hollow shaft structure, the gearbox 7 is supported by the gearbox support seat 2 to complete the installation of the hollow shaft 8, the connecting rod disc 81 and the hollow shaft 8 are assembled to complete the single-sided wheel pressure of the axle 8. Specifically, the axle 8 that completes the single-sided wheel pressure is the assembly structure of the axle 6 and the wheel 61.

[0095] During the assembly of the axle box structure, the gearbox 7 is supported by the gearbox support seat 2 to complete the press-fitting with the axle 6, and one side of the axle 6 press-fitted by the gearbox 7 is supported by the hollow shaft support seat 3. Specifically, the hollow shaft support seat 3 supports the gearbox 7 to assemble a portion of the axle 6 that extends out, and then the axle box structure is assembled.

[0096] Furthermore, the hollow shaft structure assembly method includes the following steps:

[0097] Step S11, Single-sided wheel press-fit: Adjust the single-sided wheel support 4 to the working position, and then fix the single-sided wheel support 4 to the platform 5 using the locking device 41; the V-block 43 supports the axle 6, and simultaneously unilaterally assembles the axle 6 and the prepared wheel 61, then uses a special lifting tool to lift the wheel 61 onto the wheel press-fit machine to achieve unilateral press-fitting of the wheel 61 and the axle 6; specifically, the wheel 61 is press-fitted onto the platform 5 using the wheel press-fit machine. Figure 4 One side of axle 6 is shown.

[0098] Step S12, Connecting rod disc 81 installation: Hoist the entire gearbox 7 with hollow shaft structure onto the gearbox support 2, place the hollow shaft 8 with hollow shaft structure in the hollow shaft support 3, install the connecting rod disc 81 on the non-tooth side of the hollow shaft 8. During the installation process, the hollow shaft 8 needs to be rotated to adjust the position of the three-jaw 82 on the tooth side of the hollow shaft and the three-jaw 811 on the connecting rod disc to be aligned, and then install the connecting rod 812 and the transmission pin 813 on the connecting rod disc 81.

[0099] Specifically, the structural schematic diagram of the hollow shaft 8 is as follows: Figure 5 - Figure 6 As shown, the hollow shaft 8 has three sets of hollow shaft tooth-side three-jaw jacks 82 fixedly connected to its tooth side. Each hollow shaft tooth-side three-jaw jack 82 has two round holes for fixing the connecting rod disc 81 and the transmission pin 813. According to... Figure 5The diagram shows the structure of the non-tooth side of the hollow shaft 8. Unlike the tooth side of the hollow shaft 8, which is initially fixed to one side of the gearbox 7 with a three-jaw jack 82, the non-tooth side of the hollow shaft 8 is fixed to the entire connecting rod disc 81 by a locating pin (specifically, a bolt). The connecting rod disc 81 also has three three-jaw jacks 811. During the installation of the connecting rod disc 81, the positions of the three-jaw jacks 82 on the tooth side of the hollow shaft and the three-jaw jacks 811 on the connecting rod disc need to be aligned before initially positioning the connecting rod disc 81 on the hollow shaft 8. Then, one end of the connecting rod 812 is fixed to the corresponding hole in the three-jaw jack 811 on the connecting rod disc using a locating pin, ensuring a tight fit between the connecting rod 812 and the three-jaw jack 811. This fixes the relative position of the connecting rod 812 and the hollow shaft 8, completing the installation of the connecting rod 812 and the transmission pin 813 on the connecting rod disc 81. The specific installation is as follows... Figure 7 As shown, during the installation process, it is necessary to ensure the installation accuracy of each component to avoid loosening or misalignment, and to ensure that the entire connecting rod disc 81 is installed firmly and can transmit power normally.

[0100] Step S13, Installing the Single-Sided Wheel: Using a special single-sided wheel lifting tool, lift the axle 6 from the single-sided wheel support 4 to complete the single-sided wheel pressing, and simultaneously adjust the single-sided wheel support 4 to the waiting position; insert the axle 6 into the gearbox 7 from the non-tooth side of the hollow shaft 8, adjust the position of the transmission pin 813 on the wheel 61 so that it is installed in the round hole of the connecting rod 812 on the connecting rod disc 81 (the specific installation method of the transmission pin 813 is the same as in step S13), and finally use bolt washers to fix the wheel 61 to the connecting rod disc 81; the equipment after completing the installation of the single-sided wheel is as follows. Figure 8 As shown.

[0101] Step S14, toothed wheel 61 installation: Adjust the axle fixing structure 1 to the waiting position, install the guide sleeve on the toothed side of the axle 6, put the prepared wheel 61 onto the toothed side of the axle 6, and then use an overhead crane to lift the whole drive to the wheel pressing machine for pressing the toothed wheel 61.

[0102] Specifically, the disassembly method of the hollow shaft structure is the opposite of the assembly method of the hollow shaft structure.

[0103] Other aspects that are the same as in Example 1 will not be repeated in this example.

[0104] Example 3

[0105] Unlike Example 2, the assembly method of the bearing box structure includes the following steps:

[0106] Step S21, Press-fitting of axle 6 and gear core: Adjust the single-sided wheel support 4 to the working position, and then fix the single-sided wheel support 4 to the platform 5 through the locking device 41. Place the axle 6 on the single-sided wheel support 4 for preparation. Use an overhead crane to lift the gearbox 7 with the axle box structure to the gearbox support 2 for preparation. After preparation, install the axle 6 press-fitting fixture at the gear core mounting hole of the gearbox 7. Use an overhead crane to lift the prepared axle 6 and pass it through the axle 6 press-fitting fixture. Use the hollow shaft support 3 to support the axle 6. Use an overhead crane to lift the gearbox 7 and axle 6 as a whole to the wheel press-fitting machine for press-fitting.

[0107] Step S22, Axle box assembly: Move the axle fixing structure 1 to the working position, and use bolts to fix the axle fixing structure 1 to the platform 5. Remove the upper baffle 11 and nylon block 12 from the upper surface of the axle fixing structure 1. Lift the gearbox 7 with the pressed axle 6 onto the gearbox support 2 as a whole, and use the hollow shaft support 3 to support the axle 6. Install the nylon block 12 onto the journal on the tooth side of the axle 6. Install the upper baffle 11 and fix the upper baffle 11 to the column. Remove the hollow shaft support 3, move the single-sided wheel support 4 to the waiting position, and then assemble the axle box. Specifically, the equipment after the axle box assembly is completed is as follows: Figure 9 As shown.

[0108] Step S23, Wheel 61 Press Installation: After the axle box is assembled, the whole structure is hoisted to the motor assembly area for motor assembly. After the motor assembly is completed, the axle fixing structure 1 is moved to the waiting position, and the whole structure is hoisted onto the multi-functional disassembly and assembly device so that the gearbox 7 is placed on the gearbox support seat 2. The overhead crane is then removed. Wheel 61 guide sleeves are installed at both ends of the axle 6. The prepared wheel 61 is then placed on the axle 6 and hoisted to the wheel pressing machine for wheel pressing operation.

[0109] The disassembly method of the axle box structure is the opposite of the assembly method of the hollow shaft structure.

[0110] Other aspects that are the same as in Example 2 will not be repeated in this example.

[0111] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0112] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structures and axle box structures, characterized in that, Work is carried out near the wheel press machine, including: platform; An axle fixing structure is slidably installed on the platform, including an upper baffle and a nylon block fixedly connected to one end of the upper baffle. The upper baffle is detachably mounted on the upright plate of the axle fixing structure. When the axle fixing structure is in the working position, the axle fixing structure is fixed to the platform by bolts. At this time, the nylon block is used to support one side of the axle of the axle box structure. A gearbox support base is fixedly mounted on the platform to support the gearbox of the hollow shaft structure and the axle box structure. A hollow shaft support is fixedly mounted on the platform, and two rotatable nylon wheels are provided on the top. The nylon wheels are used to support the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft structure and rotate the hollow shaft during the assembly process of the hollow shaft structure. A single-sided wheel support is slidably mounted on the platform and is equipped with a locking device and a V-block. The V-block is used for axle support. When the single-sided wheel support is in the working position, the locking device is used to fix the single-sided wheel support to the platform. The upright plate is fixed to the base plate by tie rods. The axle fixing structure includes two upright plates. The two upright plates and the base plate surround an assembly cavity, which is used to assemble the axle of the axle box structure.

2. The multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structure and bearing box structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The platform is provided with a first slide rail, and the axle fixing structure is slidably connected to the platform through a base plate; The base plate is provided with threaded holes, which are used to fix the axle fixing structure to the platform by bolts.

3. The multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structure and bearing box structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The platform is equipped with a second slide rail, and the single-sided wheel support is slidably connected to the platform via a lower plate. The V-block has belts at both ends, which are used to fix the axle to the V-block.

4. The multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structure and bearing box structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limit baffle is provided on one side of the gearbox support to ensure the proper placement of the gearbox.

5. A multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structures and axle box structures according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gearbox support is provided in two parts, and the distance between two adjacent gearbox support is set according to the size of the gearbox.

6. A multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structures and axle box structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The platform is provided with at least one lifting lug around its perimeter.

7. A multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structures and axle box structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nylon block is U-shaped.

8. A multifunctional disassembly and assembly method for hollow shaft structures and axle box structures, wherein the disassembly and assembly of the hollow shaft structure and axle box structure are achieved by means of the multifunctional disassembly and assembly device for hollow shaft structures and axle box structures as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The axle is supported by a single-sided wheel support seat, and single-sided wheel pressure is applied to the axle. During the assembly of the hollow shaft structure, the gearbox is supported by the gearbox support seat to complete the hollow shaft mounting connecting rod disc and the hollow shaft set single wheel; During the assembly of the axle box structure, the gearbox is supported by the gearbox support seat to complete the press-fitting with the axle, and one side of the press-fitted axle in the gearbox is supported by the hollow shaft support seat, and then the axle box structure is assembled.

9. A multifunctional disassembly and assembly method for hollow shaft structures and axle box structures according to claim 8, characterized in that, The hollow shaft structure assembly method includes the following steps: Step S11, Single-sided wheel press-fitting: Adjust the single-sided wheel support to the working position, and then fix the single-sided wheel support to the platform by locking device; V-block supports the axle, and at the same time, the axle and the prepared wheel are assembled on one side, and then the wheel is lifted to the wheel press-fitting machine by special lifting tool to achieve single-sided press-fitting of the wheel and the axle; Step S12, Connecting rod plate installation: Hoist the entire gearbox with the hollow shaft structure onto the gearbox support base, place the hollow shaft of the hollow shaft structure in the hollow shaft support base, install the connecting rod plate on the non-tooth side of the hollow shaft. During the installation process, the hollow shaft needs to be rotated to adjust the position of the three pawls on the tooth side of the hollow shaft to be aligned with the position of the three pawls in the connecting rod plate, and then install the connecting rod and transmission pin on the connecting rod plate; Step S13, Installing the single-sided wheel: Use a special single-sided wheel lifting tool to lift the axle that has been pressed by the single-sided wheel from the single-sided wheel support seat, and adjust the single-sided wheel support seat to the waiting position; insert the axle from the non-tooth side of the hollow shaft into the gearbox, adjust the position of the transmission pin on the wheel so that it is installed in the connecting rod hole of the connecting rod disc, and finally use bolts and washers to fix the wheel to the connecting rod disc; Step S14, Toothed wheel installation: Adjust the axle fixing structure to the waiting position, install the guide sleeve on the toothed side of the axle, put the prepared wheel set on the toothed side of the axle, and then use an overhead crane to lift the whole drive to the wheel pressing machine for toothed wheel pressing. The method for disassembling the hollow shaft structure is the opposite of the method for assembling the hollow shaft structure.

10. A multifunctional disassembly and assembly method for hollow shaft structures and axle box structures according to claim 8, characterized in that, The assembly method of the bearing box structure includes the following steps: Step S21, Axle and Gear Core Press-fitting: Adjust the single-sided wheel support to the working position, and then fix the single-sided wheel support to the platform using the locking device. Place the axle on the single-sided wheel support for preparation. Use an overhead crane to lift the gearbox of the axle box structure to the gearbox support position for preparation. After preparation, install the axle press-fitting fixture at the gearbox gear core mounting hole position. Use an overhead crane to lift the prepared axle and pass it through the axle press-fitting fixture. Use the hollow shaft support to support the axle. Use an overhead crane to lift the gearbox and axle as a whole to the wheel press-fitting machine for press-fitting. Step S22, Axle box assembly: Move the axle fixing structure to the working position, use bolts to fix the axle fixing structure to the platform, remove the upper baffle and nylon block on the upper surface of the axle fixing structure, lift the gearbox with the pressed axle onto the gearbox support seat, and use the hollow shaft support seat to support the axle; Install the nylon block onto the journal on the axle tooth side; install the upper baffle and fix the upper baffle and the column; remove the hollow shaft support; move the single-sided wheel support to the waiting position; and then assemble the axle box. Step S23, Wheel Pressing: After the axle box is assembled, the entire structure is hoisted to the motor assembly area for motor assembly. After the motor assembly is completed, the axle fixing structure is moved to the waiting position, and the entire structure is hoisted onto the multi-functional disassembly and assembly device, so that the gearbox is placed on the gearbox support seat. The overhead crane is then removed. Wheel guide sleeves are installed at both ends of the axle, and the prepared wheel sets are put onto the axle. Then, the wheels are hoisted to the wheel pressing machine for wheel pressing. The method for disassembling the axle box structure is the reverse of the method for assembling the axle box structure.

Images