Fixture for carrying rack of electronic equipment

Abstract

A clamp is configured to be connected to a material handling vehicle and lift and carry a rack containing electronic equipment. The clamp includes a frame connected to a vertically movable column of the material handling vehicle, and a pair of opposing arms connected to the frame. Each arm is horizontally movable relative to the frame such that the arms can move inwardly toward each other and outwardly away from each other. Each arm comprises a lifting pad on or near the bottom of the arm, and the lifting pad is configured to be matched below the rack on one side of the rack; an inwardly facing surface configured to closely contact one side of the chassis when the arm is in the closed position; and, optionally, a load stop along an edge of the arm remote from the frame, the load stop configured to prevent the rack from tilting away from the frame.

Description

[0001] Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 672,992, filed July 18, 2024, entitled “Clamp for Server Handling.” The entire disclosure of the aforementioned priority application is incorporated herein by reference. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present application relates generally to material handling equipment. More specifically, the present application relates to equipment for moving electronic equipment racks, such as computer server racks. BACKGROUND

[0004] Referring to FIG. 1, server racks 5 containing computer equipment 10 can need to be moved around a data center 15. For example, a server rack 5 containing new computer equipment 10 can be shipped to a data center 15 and needs to be moved to an operational location within the data center 15. Also, a server rack 5 containing old computer equipment 10 can need to be moved from its operational location within the data center 15 to a loading dock, truck, or other suitable area for transport to a facility where the computer equipment can be recycled or upgraded.

[0005] With further reference to FIG. 1, a prior art technique for moving server racks 5 is described. The server racks 5 contain wheels that allow the server racks to be manually pushed across the floor of the data center 15. When one or more server racks 5 need to be moved, the server racks 5 are manually pushed into place on a trolley 20, which contains a lifting mechanism operated by a controller 25. Once the server racks 5 are manually pushed into place on the trolley 20, the server racks 5 are lifted off the floor by operating the lifting mechanism with the controller 25. Hooks 30 are used to connect the trolley 20 to a towing vehicle, such as an automated towing vehicle 35. The towing vehicle is used to move the trolley 20 carrying the server racks 5 within the data center 15 to be near a desired location, such as a location for installation of new computer equipment or a loading dock where old computer equipment is replaced or recycled.

[0006] Once the server racks are near the desired location, the wheels of the server racks are lowered to the floor of the data center 15 by operating the lifting mechanism with the controller 25. The server racks 5 are then manually pushed off the trolley 20 and into the desired location. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0007] FIG. 1 illustrates a prior art technique for moving server racks using a trolley and a towing vehicle.

[0008] Figure 2 is a side view of a first example clamp and a first example vehicle for moving server racks according to one embodiment.

[0009] Figure 3 is a side view of a first example clamp and a second example vehicle for moving server racks according to another embodiment.

[0010] Figure 4 is a perspective view of an example clamp and carrier for moving server racks according to an embodiment.

[0011] Figure 5 is a perspective view of another example clamp and carrier for moving server racks according to another embodiment.

[0012] Figure 6 is a side view of an example column, carrier, and clamp combination for moving server racks according to an embodiment.

[0013] Figure 7 is a side view of another example column, carrier, and clamp combination for moving server racks according to an embodiment.

[0014] Figure 8 is a top view of an example carrier for a clamp for moving server racks according to an embodiment.

[0015] Figure 9A and 9B is a schematic top view of a vehicle and clamp combination approaching a server rack for pickup, showing an example of a server rack in an aligned position and a server rack in a misaligned position according to an embodiment.

[0016] Figure 10 is a perspective view of a first example clamp for moving server racks according to an embodiment.

[0017] Figure 11 is a perspective view of a server rack on a pallet, computer equipment not shown for clarity.

[0018] Figure 12 is Figure 11 is a close-up side view of a server rack on a pallet.

[0019] Figure 13 is a perspective view of a vehicle carrying a first example clamp approaching a server rack for pickup in a first direction according to an embodiment.

[0020] Figure 14 is a perspective view of a vehicle carrying a first example clamp engaging a server rack for pickup in a first direction according to an embodiment.

[0021] Figure 15is a perspective view of a first example gripper engaging a bottom of a server rack in a first direction during a pick according to one embodiment.

[0022] Figure 16 is a front view of a first example gripper engaging a server rack in a first direction according to one embodiment.

[0023] Figure 17 is Figure 16 is a close-up detail view of contact pads and lift pads of a gripper engaging a server rack.

[0024] Figure 18 is a perspective view of a vehicle carrying a first example gripper moving a server rack in a first direction according to one embodiment.

[0025] Figure 19 is a close-up front perspective view of a first example gripper holding a server rack in a first direction according to one embodiment. Figure 18

[0026] Figure 20 is a perspective view of a vehicle carrying a first example gripper lowering a server rack in a first direction according to one embodiment.

[0027] Figure 21 is a perspective view of a vehicle carrying a second example gripper approaching a server rack in a second direction for a pick according to one embodiment.

[0028] Figure 22 is a perspective view of a second example gripper for moving a server rack according to one embodiment.

[0029] Figure 23 is a side view of a vehicle carrying a second example gripper engaging a server rack in a second direction for a pick according to one embodiment.

[0030] Figure 24 is a close-up side view of a portion of Figure 23

[0031] is a perspective view of a vehicle with a second example gripper engaging a server in a first step in a second direction according to one embodiment. Figure 25

[0032] is Figure 26 is a bottom view of a second example gripper. Figure 25

[0033] is a perspective view of a vehicle with a second example gripper engaging a server in a second step in a second direction according to one embodiment. Figure 27

[0034] Figure 28 ​​is a close-up view of a portion of the second example clamp of Figure 27 is a bottom view of the second example clamp.

[0035] Figure 29 is a close-up view of a portion of the second example clamp of Figure 28

[0036] Figure 30 is a perspective view of a vehicle with the second example clamp carrying a server in a second direction according to one embodiment.

[0037] Figure 31 is a close-up view of a portion of the second example clamp of Figure 30

[0038] Figure 32 is a perspective view of a vehicle carrying the second example clamp lowering a server rack in a second direction according to one embodiment.

[0039] Figure 33 is a flowchart showing an order of operations for moving an electronic device rack using the clamp described herein according to one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] INTRODUCTION

[0041] Example embodiments are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specifically noted, the size of components, the position of components, and any distance between components, etc. are not necessarily drawn to scale in the drawings and can be exaggerated for clarity. Further, the drawings are intended to depict only typical embodiments of the application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the application. In addition, it is to be appreciated that the same or equivalent components, parts, etc. can be utilized in other embodiments and that not all of the components, parts, etc. described and illustrated will be necessary in all embodiments.

[0042] The example embodiments described herein are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit or restrict the scope of the application in any way. This application can be realized in many different embodiments and of the same or equivalent components, parts, or steps can be utilized in other embodiments, and not all of the components, parts, or steps are necessarily required in all embodiments. Such embodiments do not represent the full scope of the application. Alternatively, the elements and / or components of the described embodiments can be combined in a manner not specifically described but still fall within the scope of the application.

[0043] For clarity and conciseness, certain aspects of the components or steps of certain embodiments are not described in great detail herein because such details are not believed to be appreciably relevant to a complete understanding of the embodiments and are considered to be within the scope of the application.

[0044] ​​The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be recognized that the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "contains," "containing," and the like are used herein to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. Unless otherwise indicated, when ranges are listed, the range includes the upper and lower limits and any sub-ranges therebetween. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms such as "first," "second," and the like are used herein to distinguish one element from another, without necessarily implying a relative order, position, or hierarchy. For example, a "first element" can be termed a "second element," and, similarly, a "second element" can be termed a "first element," without departing from the scope of this disclosure. The same can hold true for other designations such as "leading," "trailing," "top," "bottom," "over," "under," "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "side," "end," "near," "far," "horizontal," "vertical," "above," "below," "inside," "outside," and the like. Particular terminology used when describing certain features or aspects of example embodiments should not be taken to imply that the terminology is being redefined herein to be restricted to exclude any specific characteristics of the features or aspects of the example embodiments. For example, the term "over" as used herein can include "directly over," "indirectly over," "over and under," "directly under," "indirectly under," and / or the like.

[0045] Unless otherwise indicated, the terms "about," "approximately," "substantially," and the like are meant to allow for a number of variations in quantity, dimension, formula, parameter, and other quantity and characteristic that are expected to be within the scope of what is claimed. These terms should not be construed to limit the scope of any claim.

[0046] Spatially relative terms, such as "right," "left," "front," "back," "bottom," "top," "under," "above," and the like, can be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientations depicted in the figures. For example, if a device described is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. The terms "below" and "above" can encompass the other orientation. Thus, the spatially relative terms can be construed as encompassing different orientations in addition to the orientations depicted in the figures. The devices can be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

[0047] Unless specifically stated otherwise, all functional or operational connections can be direct or indirect. Similarly, unless specifically stated otherwise, all physical connections can be rigid or non-rigid, permanent or temporary, direct or indirect (e.g., through intermediate components).

[0048] The same numbers are used throughout the drawings to reference like elements. Therefore, even if some of the figures are not mentioned or described, it is understood that a description of an illustrated part in one figure can be applied to another figure where the same part is labeled with the same number. Additionally, elements introduced in one or more figures that are omitted in other figures are not necessarily omitted from the described embodiment. Instead, these elements can not interfere with a correct understanding of the embodiments when viewed from the perspectives of the other figures and, as such, have been omitted so as to avoid cluttering the drawings. Moreover, the drawings can include only what is necessary to understand each of the figures, as some of the significant elements of the technology have been omitted so as not to obscure the concepts at issue.

[0049] Not every feature of each drawing is labeled, even if the same feature is labeled on other drawings. Where it is thought that reference numbers would unnecessarily clutter the drawings, reference numbers have been omitted. However, all rights are reserved to add reference numbers to the drawings to clarify aspects of the embodiments. Moreover, some views omit some features shown in other views. Finally, the drawings sometimes show variations between drawings, even though the drawings are intended to depict the same embodiment.

[0050] SUMMARY OF EMBODIMENTS

[0051] According to one embodiment, a clamp is configured to connect to a materials handling vehicle and is configured to lift and carry racks containing electronic equipment within a data center. The clamp includes a frame that connects to a vertically movable mast of the materials handling vehicle, and a pair of opposing arms that connect to the frame. The frame and the pair of opposing arms define a generally C-shaped interior space of variable size depending on the position of the arms. Each arm is horizontally movable relative to the frame so that the arms can move inward toward each other and outward away from each other. Each arm includes a lifting pad on or near a bottom of the arm, and the lifting pad is configured to fit under a side of a rack. Each arm also includes an inwardly facing surface that is configured to closely contact a side of a rack or near a side of a rack when the arm is in a closed position.

[0052] Each arm also optionally includes a load stop along an edge of the arm that is away from the frame. The load stop is configured to prevent a rack from tilting away from the frame.

[0053] The clamp optionally also includes one or more actuators (e.g., electric actuators) that connect to the frame and each arm and are configured to move the arms horizontally inward and outward.

[0054] According to one embodiment, the inwardly facing surface is a padded surface.

[0055] According to one embodiment, each arm also includes a rear stop near the frame.

[0056] According to one embodiment, each arm is L-shaped, with the lifting pad being a bottom base of the L-shape.

[0057] According to one embodiment, the clamp is movable between an open position and a closed position. The open position is characterized by an opening at the distal end that is larger than the width of the rack. The closed position is characterized by the inner surface substantially matching the width of the rack.

[0058] The clamp optionally further includes one or more rack alignment tabs extending distally from the distal side of each arm, the rack alignment tabs configured to urge the rack into alignment with the clamp by contacting a side or corner of the rack. The rack alignment tabs optionally include pads on inwardly facing surfaces of the rack alignment tabs.

[0059] According to one embodiment, the electronic equipment is a computer server device.

[0060] According to one embodiment, the lift pads on each arm protrude toward the opposing arm.

[0061] According to one embodiment, the lift pads on each arm protrude toward the frame; the frame further includes a fixed lift pad near the bottom of the frame, the fixed lift pad configured to fit under the rack on one side of the rack; and each arm has an adjustable reach such that the lift pad on each arm is movable.

[0062] According to one embodiment, each arm includes an electric actuator configured to move the distal end of the arm further from the frame and closer to the frame.

[0063] According to another embodiment, the materials handling vehicle includes a vertically movable mast, a carriage connected to the vertically movable mast, and a clamp connected to the carriage. The clamp is configured to lift and handle a rack containing electronic equipment. The clamp includes a frame connected to the vertically movable mast of the materials handling vehicle, and a pair of opposing arms connected to the frame. Each arm is horizontally movable relative to the frame such that the arms can move inward toward each other and outward away from each other. Each arm includes a lift pad on or near the bottom of the arm, and the lift pad is configured to fit under the rack on one side of the rack; an inwardly facing surface configured to closely contact a side of the rack or near a side of the rack when the arms are in a closed position; and a load stop along an edge of the arm distal from the frame, the load stop configured to prevent the rack from tilting away from the frame.

[0064] According to one embodiment, the carriage is configured to be tiltable, rotatable, or twistable.

[0065] According to one embodiment, the vehicle can be, for example, a counterbalanced sit-down lift truck or a moving mast tugger.

[0066] According to one embodiment, the materials handling vehicle optionally further comprises a sensor positioned and configured to detect the presence of the rack. According to one embodiment, the sensor is located on the column, below the column, on the carriage, or on the clamp.

[0067] According to one embodiment, the clamp is removable from the carriage.

[0068] According to one embodiment, the clamp is configured to handle the rack in an orientation in which the longer sides of the rack are parallel to the frame and the shorter sides of the rack are parallel to the arms.

[0069] According to another embodiment, the clamp is configured to handle the rack in an orientation in which the shorter sides of the rack are parallel to the frame and the longer sides of the rack are parallel to the arms.

[0070] According to yet another embodiment, a method uses a materials handling vehicle to move a rack of electronic equipment within a data center, the materials handling vehicle comprising a column and a clamp connected to the column on a side of the materials handling vehicle, wherein the clamp comprises two opposing arms. The method comprises driving the materials handling vehicle to a position in which the clamp faces the rack; opening the clamp to an open position, the open position being characterized by a distance separating the opposing arms of the clamp that exceeds a width of the rack; driving the materials handling vehicle so that the rack is within the opposing arms of the clamp; closing the clamp to a closed position so that the opposing arms of the clamp are in close contact with opposing sides of the rack; and lifting the clamp and, as a result, the rack therein. The method further comprises driving the materials handling vehicle to a desired position proximate to the rack within the data center; lowering the clamp and, as a result, the rack therein, until the rack is on the ground; opening the clamp to the open position; and driving the materials handling vehicle (without the rack) to move the clamp away from the rack.

[0071] According to one embodiment, the method further comprises, prior to closing the clamp to the closed position, lengthening the length of the arms so that distal ends of the arms extend beyond distal sides of the rack; and, after closing the clamp to the closed position and prior to lifting the clamp and, as a result, the rack, shortening the length of the arms.

[0072] According to one embodiment, the rack comprises new or refurbished electronic equipment, the initial location of the rack is a lorry or a staging area, and the desired position is an operational position inside the data center.

[0073] According to one embodiment, the rack is on a pallet when it is in its initial location.

[0074] According to one embodiment, the rack comprises used or damaged electronic equipment, the initial location of the rack is an operational position inside the data center, and the desired position is a lorry or a staging area.

[0075] Example embodiments shown in the drawings

[0076] Figure 2 and Figure 3 Example mobile column towing vehicle 40 with column 45 carrying bracket 50 connected to clamp 55 is shown, as well as counterbalance stacker 40a with column 60 carrying bracket 50 connected to clamp 55. Other suitable vehicles can be used with clamp 55 to move server racks 5. Furthermore, instead of bracket 50, other suitable connection mechanisms between the vehicle and clamp 55 can be used, such as pantograph mechanisms or other suitable mechanisms for raising and lowering clamp 55. The connection between the vehicle and clamp 55 is configured to raise and lower clamp 55 relative to the surface on which the vehicle travels. Alternatively, the connection between the vehicle and clamp 55 can also, for example, tilt, rotate, twist, or horizontally translate clamp 55 to align clamp 55 with server rack 5 for engagement and pickup of server rack 5.

[0077] The clamps 55 and other clamps described herein can be removably attached to suitable vehicles with lifting capabilities, such as the column tow truck 40, counterbalance forklift, or other suitable vehicles. Alternatively, the clamps 55 and other clamps described herein can be permanently attached to or built into a dedicated clamp lifting vehicle. That is, the clamps can be integrated into the vehicle. The clamps can be mounted or attached to the front or rear of the vehicle.

[0078] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the right side will be referred to as the “front,” “far,” or “distal” side or end of the clamp, while the left side, as shown here, will be referred to as the “rear,” “proximal,” or “near” side or end of the clamp, regardless of the direction in which the vehicle is traveling in its “forward” direction.

[0079] The invention described herein can clamp and transport racks of various sizes, shapes, and contents. For illustrative purposes, the embodiments described herein are presented and explained with reference to racks that house computer server equipment (as seen in server farms or data centers), but this is merely an illustrative example. That is, server rack 5 is merely an illustrative example. Server racks can have standard or de facto standard dimensions, such as approximately 24 inches (600 mm) wide, 42 inches (1066.8 mm) deep, and 73.6 inches (1866.9 mm) high. Other typical server rack widths are approximately 29.5 inches (750 mm) and 31.5 inches (800 mm). Other typical server rack depths are approximately 29 inches (736.6 mm), 36 inches (914.4 mm), 50 inches (1270 mm), and 59 inches (1500 mm). Other typical server rack heights are approximately 38.5 inches (977.9 mm), 47.25 inches (1200.15 mm), 84 inches (2133.6 mm), and 105 inches (2667 mm). Server racks are currently available in full-height or half-height variants. Dual (e.g., dual-width) server racks may also be available.

[0080] Server rack 5 can be empty, filled with electronic / computer equipment, or partially filled when clamped and moved. When fully loaded, the server rack currently weighs approximately 3000-4000 pounds (1360.8-1814.4 kg). Heavier racks are expected in the future. The clamps and vehicles described herein can be designed to handle these weights.

[0081] The server rack 5 has a lifting area or lifting plate along the edge of the short side of its bottom. Therefore, the clamp 55 is designed to have lifting pads or lifting hooks in such areas, which can be located below the lifting area / plate of the rack when the clamp is properly positioned to lift and move the server rack 5, as explained in more detail below. The bottom side of the server rack 5 generally has feet, adjusting pins, and / or wheels near each corner. As will be explained in more detail below, the design and placement of the lifting pads / hooks of the clamp 55 avoid those features on the bottom of the server rack 5.

[0082] Figure 4 and Figure 5 Example brackets connected to clamp 55 are shown, wherein example brackets 50 and 50a are configured to engage posts, such as posts 45 or 60. Figure 6 A side view of the column 45 supporting the bracket 50 is shown, and the bracket 50 is attached to the clamp 55. Figure 7A side view of a post 60 carrying a carriage 50 is shown, with the carriage 50 attached to a clamp 55. In some embodiments, a sensor 46 can be provided at a front of the vehicle, for example on, below, or above a post 45 or 60, on the clamp 55, etc. Examples of the sensor 46 include a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) sensor, a rangefinder, a depth sensor, etc. The sensor 46 can be configured to scan the server rack 5. The sensor 46, a controller of the vehicle, or other controller can be configured to determine a position and / or orientation of the server rack 5 in response to the scan of the server rack 5. The clamp 55 can move in response to the sensor 46, for example in response to the position and / or orientation of the server rack 5 determined from the scan. Although one sensor 46 is shown, multiple sensors 46 can be included and used to refine the position and orientation of the rack to allow the truck to determine the position and / or orientation with greater precision, which is used to confirm the position and / or orientation determined from the individual sensor 46, etc.

[0083] Figure 8 An example carriage 50 is shown that is configured to engage a C-shaped cross-section channel of a post and includes a ramped load roller for engaging the C-shaped cross-section channel.

[0084] Referring to Figure 9A An example vehicle 65 carrying a clamp 55 approaches a server rack 5 in an aligned position, indicated with a checkmark. In this aligned position, the vehicle 65 can move straight forward to engage the clamp 55 with the server rack 5 for picking, as explained in detail below. However, if the server rack 5 is in a misaligned position, for example rotated about + / - 10 degrees relative to a longitudinal axis of the clamp 55, indicated with an X, the vehicle 65 can not be able to engage the clamp 55 with the server rack 5 by moving straight forward. In some embodiments, an operator of the vehicle 65, or the vehicle 65 itself if the vehicle 65 is an automated guided vehicle, can need to maneuver the vehicle 65 to align the clamp 55 with the server rack 5 into a relationship between the clamp 55 and the rack 5 such as shown with the checkmark. In other embodiments, a connection between the vehicle 65 and the clamp 55 can be configured to enable the clamp 55 to twist or rotate relative to a main body of the forklift 65 so that the clamp 55 can be aligned with a server rack such as the server rack 5 indicated with the X, thereby enabling the vehicle 65 to move straight forward and engage and pick a misaligned server rack 5, such as the server rack 5 indicated with the X.

[0085] Referring to Figure 10 An example clamp 55 for engaging and picking and moving a server rack 5 is described. The clamp 55 includes a frame 70 for supporting components of the clamp 55. A right arm 75 and a left arm 80 are slidably mounted on the frame 70, for example on an upper bar 85 and a lower bar 90. Other suitable sliding mechanisms can be used. The right arm 75 and the left arm 80 can be configured to move relative to the frame 70, for example to move the clamp 55 into and out of engagement with a server rack 5.Figure 10 In the example shown in FIG. 1, electric actuators 95 are connected to right arm 75 and left arm 80. For example, one actuator is connected to right arm 75 and another actuator is connected to left arm 80 for moving right arm 75 and left arm 80 toward and away from each other.

[0086] Lift pads 100 are secured to right arm 75 and lift pads 105 are secured to left arm 80. Lift pads 100 and 105 are shaped and sized to fit under server rack 5 and engage the underside of server rack 5 to lift, carry, and lower server rack 5. Optional load stops such as load stop 110 attached to right arm 75 and load stop 115 attached to left arm 80 can be included on clamp 55 to prevent a server rack from tipping forward out of clamp 55 when being carried, for example when the vehicle suddenly stops. Another option for clamp 55 is to include padded surfaces 120 on right arm 75 and padded surfaces 125 on left arm 80 to cushion the server rack when being lifted, carried, and lowered. Padded surfaces 120 and 125 can be, for example, rubber, foam, or the like. Padded surfaces 120 and 125 can be continuous or spaced apart strips of padded material arranged horizontally and / or vertically.

[0087] The size and dimensions of clamp 55 can vary to accommodate the expected size of the rack that clamp 55 is intended to carry. According to one example, suitable for currently typical server racks, arms 75 and 80 are about one third to one half the height of rack 5; lift pads 100 and 105 extend about 35 mm below rack 5; and load stops 110 and 115 extend about 80% to 100% of the height of arms 75 and 80. Alternatively, load stops 110 and 115 can be significantly shorter, located at or near the top of arms 75 and 80.

[0088] Electric actuators 95 can be linear actuators, but other suitable mechanisms such as ball screw actuators, hydraulic cylinders, cables and pulleys, or other suitable means for moving right arm 75 and left arm 80 toward and away from each other can be used. Alternatively, a single actuator can be used to move right arm 75 and left arm 80 toward and away from each other. In one embodiment, arms 75 and 80 move apart together and synchronously, in which case a single actuator can be employed. In another embodiment, left arm 75 and right arm 80 move independently, for example each with a dedicated actuator. Independent movement of the arms can be useful when the vehicle is approaching a server rack 5 without being laterally centered on server rack 5. In that case, moving one of left arm 75 or right arm 80 more than the opposite arm can simplify clamping of server rack 5.

[0089] Unless otherwise noted, the primary structural components of the clamp 55 (e.g., the frame 70, the arms 75 and 80, the rods 85 and 95, the lifting pads 100 and 105, and the load stops 110 and 115) are preferably solid metal, such as steel, although other suitable materials can be used.

[0090] The right arm 75 and / or the left arm 80 of the clamp 55 can optionally include one or more rack alignment tabs 130 that extend forward from the front end of the side arms 75 and 80, as shown in Figure 9B If included, such tabs 130 can be used to grasp the rack 5 and move it to a desired position without clamping and lifting it (i.e., by rolling the wheels of the rack 5 on the floor of the data center 5). For example, it can be desirable to rotate the rack 5 into better alignment with the clamp 55, or to translate it to a position more suitable for clamping and lifting (e.g., away from a possible overhead obstruction) before clamping and lifting the rack 5. Such movement can be accomplished with the aid of the counterbalanced forklift 65 by bringing the forklift 65 into position near the rack 5 as if to clamp and lift the rack 5, but pausing at a position where only the tabs 130 can reach the rack 5. Then, moving the right arm 75 and the left arm 80 together causes the tabs 130 to contact the rack, at which point rotating or driving the counterbalanced forklift moves the rack 5. In some cases, simply moving the tabs 130 centrally can cause the rack to rotate into a better alignment position, such as from the "X" position shown in Figure 9A and 9B The inner surfaces of the tabs 130 can be cushioned and / or padded to prevent damage to the rack 5. If so, the pad material can be the same as that used for the padded surfaces 120 and 125, or different. The tabs 130 can be removable or retractable. The length of the tabs 130 can be about the same as or slightly longer than the length of the arms 75 and 80.

[0091] Referring to Figures 11-20 , a process is described for transporting a server rack 5 containing computer equipment 10 to a data center 15 and moving the server rack 5 to its operational position. Although the server rack 5 is described as being loaded on a pallet 132 prior to pickup, the server rack 5 can be on a floor platform or other surface and placed on the floor, pallet, platform, or other suitable surface.

[0092] As shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12 , the server rack 5 (with the computer equipment 10 omitted for clarity) is transported onto the pallet 132 at, for example, a loading dock of the data center 15. As shown in Figure 12As can be seen, there is accessible space between the wheels of server rack 5 and between the bottom of server rack 5 and the top of tray 132 on the short side of rack 5 (generally the front and rear sides of rack 5). The lifting pads 100 and 105 of clamp 55 are sized and constructed to fit into the accessible space between the wheels of server rack 5 and between server rack 5 and the top of tray 132. In the prior art, without the advantages of the present invention, server rack 5 would be manually rolled off the tray using a ramp (not shown). This operation is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and can sometimes lead to server rack 5 accidentally tipping over.

[0093] refer to Figure 13 A counterbalance forklift 135 (carrying a clamp 55 for vertical movement relative to the ground of data center 15) approaches the server rack 5 on pallet 132. By manipulating the counterbalance forklift 135 and / or twisting or rotating the clamp 55 relative to the body of the counterbalance forklift 135, the clamp 55 is aligned with the server rack 5, and the clamp 55 moves to engage with the server rack 5, as... Figure 14 As shown. Figure 15 As seen, when clamp arms 75 and 80 move toward each other to enclose server rack 5 with right arm 75 and left arm 80, lifting pads 100 and 105 engage the underside of server rack 5. When the counterbalance forklift 135 lifts clamp 55, the engagement between lifting pads 100 and 105 and the underside of server rack 5 allows rack 5 to be lifted away from pallet 132 or other surface on which server rack 5 is placed. Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, optional contact pads 140 and 145 engage the sides of the server rack 5 to provide lateral stability when the server rack 5 is transported by clamp 55.

[0094] Lifting pads 100 and 105 provide support for the server rack 5 and any computer equipment 10 contained within it. Pads 120 and 125, if included, can enhance the lateral stability of the server rack 5. The longitudinal stability of the server rack 5 can be provided by the rear surfaces of the right arm 75 and left arm 80 (which act as rear stops) and optional load stops 110 and 115 (if included).

[0095] The movement of arms 75 and 80 together and / or separately can be manually controlled by the vehicle operator or by someone outside the vehicle. Alternatively, the movement of arms 75 and 80 can be automatically stopped in various ways. For example, contact sensors, proximity sensors, and / or pressure sensors on one or both arms 75 and 80 can detect when the arms have contacted or are close to contacting the server rack 5 and stop the closing movement of arms 75 and 80 when they are in the desired position relative to the server rack 5.

[0096] like Figure 18 As shown, once the server rack 5 has been lifted off the pallet 132, the counterbalance forklift 135 drives off the pallet 132 and then drives across the data center 15, taking the server rack 5 and the computer equipment 10 contained therein (included therein) to its operating position within the data center 15. Figure 19 The optional load stops 110 and 115 are shown to provide longitudinal stability, which can prevent the server rack 5 from tipping out of the clamp 55 when the counterbalance forklift 135 stops suddenly.

[0097] When transporting the server rack 5, the clamp 55 and the server rack 5 can be supported at any desired height above the ground, such as approximately 2-12 inches (50-305 mm), preferably approximately 6-10 inches (150-254 mm). When transporting the server rack 5, the counterbalance forklift 135 can travel at any desired speed, such as approximately 6.4-9.7 mph (4-6 km / h). The maximum speed when carrying the rack 5 may be limited; for example, the maximum speed may be approximately 5 mph (8 km / h).

[0098] When the counterbalance forklift 135, connected to the clamp 55 that carries the server rack 5 and its associated computer equipment 10, reaches the operating position of the server rack 5, the counterbalance forklift 135 is operated to lower the clamp 55 so that the wheels of the server rack 5 are on the ground of the data center 15. Once the wheels of the server rack 5 are on the ground of the data center 15, the electric actuator 95 is operated to move the right arm 75 and the left arm 80 away from each other, thereby removing the lifting pads 100 and 105 from under the server rack 5. Once the lifting pads 100 and 105 have moved away from the side of the server rack 5, and the optional load stops 110 and 115 (if included) have moved away from the side of the server rack 5, the counterbalance forklift 135 is reversed from the server rack 5, leaving it on the ground at or near its operating position within the data center 15. Once server rack 5 has been lowered, it can be manually pushed into its final position within housing 150 using the wheels at the bottom of server rack 5, if necessary. Figure 20 As shown.

[0099] The process of removing a server rack 5 with computer equipment 10 that needs to be refurbished or recycled is the reverse of the process just described. For example, the server rack 5 is manually moved from its operating position in the enclosure 150 using the wheels at the bottom of the server rack 5. Once the server rack 5 is out of the enclosure 150, the vehicle carrying the clamp 55 can position the clamp 55 so that the lifting pads 100 and 105 engage the underside of the server rack 5 using the accessible lifting space between the wheels of the server rack 5. Then the right arm 75 and the left arm 80 of the clamp 55 are moved toward each other to place the lifting pads 100 and 105 under the server rack 5. Once the clamp 55 is closed so that the lifting pads 100 and 105 are under the server rack 5 and the right arm 75 and the left arm 80 engage the server rack 5 with enough force to provide lateral stability but not so much force as to damage the server rack 5, the interface between the clamp 55 and the counterbalanced forklift 135 or other suitable vehicle is operated to lift the server rack 5 off the floor of the data center 15.

[0100] The server rack 5 is then driven to the desired location, such as a loading dock, where the interface between the clamp 55 and the counterbalanced forklift 135 is operated to lower the server rack 5 so that the wheels of the server rack 5 fall onto the floor of the data center 15 or onto the bed of the forklift truck. The electric actuators 95 are then operated to move the right arm 75 and the left arm 80 away from each other so that the lifting pads 100 and 105 move away from under the bottom of the server rack 5 and away from the sides of the server rack 5, and so that the right arm 75 and the left arm 80 move away from the sides of the server rack 5. The counterbalanced forklift 135 can then be driven away from the server rack 5, and the server rack 5 can be manually moved into its final position on the trailer or other transport, if needed. If needed, the forklift 135 can be driven into the truck and the rack 5 lowered into it.

[0101] The example embodiments described in this section and illustrated in Figures 2-20 involve a first example clamp 55 designed to lift and carry a server rack 5 in a first orientation in which one lateral (longer) side of the server rack 5 is close to the frame 70, the carriage 50, the uprights 45 or 60, and the forks 65 or 135; the opposite lateral (longer) side of the server rack 5 is away from them; and the front and back (shorter) sides of the server rack 5 are in contact with or close to the right arm 75 and the left arm 80. Here, it is assumed that the short sides of the server rack 5 are the front and back sides, and the long sides of the server rack 5 are the lateral sides, which is typical of conventional racks, but it is also possible now or in the future to design server racks with the front and back sides wide and the lateral sides relatively narrow, and the invention described herein is equally applicable to such racks.

[0102] Next, a second example of a clamp will be described to lift and carry a server rack in a transverse orientation compared to the first example described above. In this second example, the front or rear side (narrower side) of the server rack is parallel to the frame of the clamp, and the transverse side (wider side) of the server rack is parallel to the clamp arms. Reference will be made below to the first example described above, where like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements. Figures 21-32 The second example clamp will be described.

[0103] Figure 21 The counterbalanced fork truck 135 carries the clamp 255 for movement up and down on the upright relative to the floor of the data center in a manner that, as the fork truck 135 approaches the server rack 5 on the pallet 132, the narrow side (front or rear side) of the server rack 5 is facing the clamp 255. The clamp 255 is aligned with the server rack 5 in this manner by maneuvering the counterbalanced fork truck 135 and / or twisting or turning the clamp 255 relative to the body of the counterbalanced fork truck 135, the clamp 255 is moved toward and into engagement with the server rack 5, as shown. Figure 21 As explained in more detail below, when the clamp 255 is positioned around the server rack 5 in this orientation, the lift pads near the bottom of the clamp 255 can engage the underside of the server rack 5, while the arms of the clamp 255 are moved so as to be able to lift and move the server rack within the data center.

[0104] Figure 22 The clamp 255 is shown disconnected from the counterbalanced fork truck 135. The clamp 255 includes a frame 270 for supporting the components of the clamp 255. Right and left arms 275 and 280 are slidably mounted on the frame 270, for example on one or more upper bars 285 and / or one or more lower bars (not labeled). Other suitable sliding mechanisms can be used. In the example shown in Figure 22 One or more electric actuators 295 are connected to the right and / or left arms 275 and 280. For example, one actuator is connected to the right arm 275, and another actuator is connected to the left arm 280, for moving the right and left arms 275 and 280 toward and away from each other.

[0105] Fixed lift pads or hooks 200 are fixed near the bottom of the frame 270, extending inward toward the interior space defined by the general C-shaped combination of the frame 270 with the right and left arms 275 and 280. The fixed lift pads / hooks 200 are positioned to fit in the area under the server rack 5 corresponding to the lift plates at the bottom of the server rack 5. For example, the fixed lift pads / hooks 200 can be laterally centered on the frame 270, as shown.

[0106] Two movable lifting pads or hooks are located near the distal end of the arm, on or near its bottom. As shown, the right movable lifting pad / hook 205 is on the right arm 275, and the left movable lifting pad / hook 210 is on the left arm 280. The movable lifting pads / hooks 205 and 210 extend laterally inward from their respective bases (which extend laterally inward from their arms) into the generally C-shaped interior space of the clamp. The movable lifting pads / hooks 205 and 210 are positioned such that when the arms are laterally separated and fully opened, the distance between the movable lifting pads / hooks 205 and 210 at their bases is greater than the narrow side dimension of the server rack 5. The movable lifting pads / hooks 205 and 210 are also positioned such that when the arms are closed around the server rack 5, the movable lifting pads / hooks 205 and 210 can be positioned below the lifting plate on the bottom of the server rack 5. The movement of the clamp 255 to achieve this lifting position is described in more detail below.

[0107] Optional load stops, such as load stop 215 attached to the left arm 280, can be included on the clamp 255 to prevent the server rack 5 from tipping out of the clamp 255 during handling / transportation, for example, when the forklift 135 stops suddenly. Padded surfaces can be provided on the inner surfaces of arms 275 and 280, frame 270, and / or load stops (if included) to cushion the server rack during lifting, handling / transportation, and lowering. Padded surfaces can also be provided on the top surfaces of lifting pads 200, 205, and 210.

[0108] The adjustable portions of arms 275 and 280 may simply be the portion of arms 275 and 280 that includes movable lifting pads / hooks 205 and 210 and load stops (i.e., left arm stop 215 and corresponding right arm load stop). Alternatively, more portions of arms 275 and 280 may be adjustable.

[0109] One or more electric actuators 295 are disposed on or near the frame 270 to move the right arm 275 and the left arm 280 toward and away from each other. Each clamping arm 275 and 280 also carries one or more electric actuators 220 to move the movable lifting hooks 205 and 210 toward and away from the frame 270. The actuators may be linear actuators, but other suitable mechanisms may be used, such as ball screw actuators, hydraulic cylinders, cables and pulleys, or other suitable devices.

[0110] The right arm 275 and / or left arm 280 of the clamp 255 may optionally include one or more frame alignment tabs, similar to Figure 9B The tab 130 shown is used to nudge the server rack 5 to the desired position without clamping or lifting the rack (i.e., by making the wheels of the server rack 5 roll on the ground).

[0111] Figures 23-29 The sequence of operation of the fork truck 135 and the clamp 255 to lift a server rack 5 is shown, with the server rack 5 oriented with one of its narrow sides facing the open side of the clamp 255. First, assuming the fork truck 135 is in sufficient alignment with the server rack 5 in this orientation, the fork truck 135 is driven toward the server rack 5, with the clamp arms 275 and 280 sufficiently spread apart so that all of the arms 275 and 280, including the movable lifting pads 205 and 210, can fit around the server rack 5, as shown. Figure 23 The driving operation is performed with the clamp at the proper vertical height so that the bottom of the clamp 255 is slightly higher than the pallet 132. The fork truck 135 stops when the fixed lifting pad 200 is positioned under the nearest side of the server rack 5, particularly under the lifting plate on the bottom of the server rack 5, as shown. Figure 24 The fixed lifting pad 200 can extend, for example, about 35 mm beyond the near bottom edge of the server rack 5. The fork truck 135 can be driven manually to this desired position. Alternatively, an automatic stop feature can be employed that stops the fork truck when the desired position is reached. For example, a proximity or contact sensor on the frame 270 can trigger the fork truck 135 to stop at the desired position.

[0112] Next, if needed, the movable hook actuator 220 is engaged (activated) to extend the lifting pads 205 and 210 along the length of the arms 275 and 280 so that the movable lifting pads 205 and 210 are positioned proximally away from the distal side of the server rack 5. Then, as shown in Figure 25 and Figure 26 the arms 275 and 280 are moved together toward the server rack 5, preferably without contacting or nearly contacting the server rack 5, but without exerting any significant crushing force on the server 5. This movement can be controlled manually or with an automatic shut-off device.

[0113] Next, as shown in Figures 27-29 the movable hook actuator 220 is used to shorten the lifting pads 205 and 210 on the arms 275 and 280 relative to the fixed lifting pad 200 to position the movable lifting pads 205 and 210 under the server rack 5, particularly under the lifting plate on the bottom of the server rack 5. The movable lifting pads 205 and 210 can extend about 35 mm beyond the far / near bottom edge of the server rack 5. This shortening movement of the lifting pads 205 and 219 along the arms 275 and 280 using the movable hook actuator 220 can be controlled manually or with an automatic shut-off device. At this point, the clamp 255 is in position to lift the server rack 5. The engagement between the lifting pads 200, 205 and 210 and the underside of the server rack 5 allows the server rack 5 to be lifted off the pallet 132 or other surface on which the server rack 5 is placed when the counterbalanced fork truck 135 lifts the clamp 255.

[0114] As Figure 30 and Figure 31 illustrated, the counterbalanced forklift 135 drives the server rack 5 that is carried within / on the clamp 255. The optional load stop 215 stabilizes the server rack 5 against tipping over due to acceleration and / or deceleration (depending on direction) of the forklift 135.

[0115] After transporting the server rack to its desired drop-off / landing location, the server rack is dropped / landed by the following steps. First, the clamp 255 and server rack 5 are lowered until the server rack falls onto the ground. Second, the distance between the lift pads 205 and 210 on the arms 275 and 280 relative to the fixed lift pad 200 is extended using the movable hook actuator 220, so that the movable lift pads 205 and 210 clear any components on or near the bottom of the server rack 5 (including feet, wheels, etc.) so as to be able to move laterally away. Third, the arms 275 and 280 are moved laterally away from each other to a degree such that all parts of the arms 275 and 280 (particularly the movable lift pads 205 and 210 and their associated bases) are spaced apart by a distance greater than the narrow side width of the server rack 5. Fourth, the forklift 135 is driven away from the server rack 5, and the fixed lift pad 200 is moved away from under the server rack 5. For example, as Figure 32 illustrated, the forklift 135 backs away from the dropped server rack 5. Steps 1-3 are intended to expand the clamp 255 so that all of its parts are away from the server rack 5 so as to be able to perform step 4. At this point, for example, the server rack 5 can be manually rotated and pushed into its final position in a row of server racks.

[0116] Figure 33 is a flowchart illustrating one sequence of operations for moving electronic equipment racks using the clamp described herein according to the method 300. An explanation of Figure 33 is provided below using the server rack 5, the counterbalanced forklift 135, and the clamps 55 and 255 as examples, but the method is not limited to these items.

[0117] First, at step 305, the fork truck 135 is positioned so that the distal open end of the clamp 55 / 255 faces the rack 5. If necessary, the height of the clamp 55 / 255 is adjusted so that the lift pads near the bottom of the clamp 55 / 255 are slightly below the bottom of the rack 5. If the rack 5 is on a pallet, the lift pads near the bottom of the clamp 55 / 255 should be slightly above the top of the pallet. Next, at step 310, the left and right arms of the clamp 55 / 255 are opened to a width sufficient to perform the following step 315. At step 315, the fork truck is positioned so that the rack 5 is within the generally C-shaped interior of the clamp 55 / 255. If the clamp 255 is used, the fixed lift pads 200 should be under the rack at this point. If the clamp 255 is used, step 320 is performed next; if the clamp 55 is used, step 320 is skipped. At step 320, each lift pad is extended along its respective arm so that all portions of the distal end of the arm, including the lift pads, clear the distal portion of the rack 5.

[0118] At step 325, the arms of the clamp 55 / 255 are closed together against or nearly against the rack. If the clamp 55 is used, the lift pads 100 and 105 should be under the rack at this point.

[0119] If the clamp 255 is used, step 330 is performed next; if the clamp 55 is used, step 330 is skipped. At step 330, each lift pad is moved along its respective arm to shorten the distance between the fixed lift pads 200 and the movable lift pads 205 and 210 so that the movable lift pads 205 and 210 are placed under the rack 5.

[0120] At step 335, the clamp 55 / 255 is raised so that the rack 5 is raised off the ground or pallet. At step 340, the fork truck 135 is driven, with the rack 5 simultaneously carried thereby, to its drop-off location. At step 345, the clamp is lowered until the clamp is on the ground (or pallet, if appropriate at that point). If the clamp 255 is used, step 350 is performed next; if the clamp 55 is used, step 350 is skipped. At step 350, each movable lift pad 205 and 210 is extended along its respective arm so that the movable lift pads 205 and 210 clear all portions on the bottom of the rack 5. At step 355, the arms are opened to a degree so that all portions of the clamp 55 / 255 are laterally outside all portions of the rack 5. Then, at step 360, the fork truck 135 is moved away from the rack 5, for example by backing the fork truck away from the rack 5. Finally, at optional step 365, if necessary, the rack 5 is manually backed into its final position.

[0121] The steps of method 300 need not be performed in the order described. Steps can be performed simultaneously or partially overlapping in time. For example, step 310 can be performed before step 305, or steps 305 and 310 can be performed simultaneously or partially overlapping in time.

[0122] CONCLUSION

[0123] The terms and descriptions used above are given by way of illustration and example only and are not meant as limitations. Those skilled in the art will recognize that many variations, improvements, and modifications of the concepts described herein can be made without deviating from the essential principles of the application. For example, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the subject matter of any sentence or paragraph can be combined with the subject matter of some or all of the other sentences or paragraphs, except where such combinations are mutually exclusive. Therefore, the scope of the present application should be determined only by the following claims, claims presented in continuation or divisional applications, and equivalents of the claims presented above.

Claims

1. A clamp configured to attach to a materials handling vehicle and configured to lift and carry racks containing electronic equipment within a data center, the clamp comprising: a frame configured to attach to a vertically movable mast of the materials handling vehicle; and a pair of opposing arms attached to the frame, each arm capable of horizontal movement relative to the frame such that the arms can move inward toward each other and outward away from each other, wherein the frame and the pair of opposing arms form a generally C-shaped variable size interior space dependent on the position of the arms; each arm comprising: a lift pad on or near a bottom of the arm and configured to fit under a side of the rack; and an inwardly facing surface configured to closely contact a side of the rack or near a side of the rack when the arms are in a closed position.

2. The clamp of claim 1, wherein each arm further comprises a load stop along an edge of the arm away from the frame, the load stop configured to prevent the rack from tilting away from the frame.

3. The clamp of claim 1, further comprising: one or more actuators attached to the frame and each of the arms and configured to move the arms toward and away from each other.

4. The clamp of claim 1, wherein the inwardly facing surface is a padded.

5. The clamp of claim 1, wherein each arm further comprises a rear stop near the frame.

6. The clamp of claim 1, wherein each arm is L-shaped, wherein the lift pad is a bottom base of the L-shape.

7. The clamp of claim 1, wherein the clamp is movable between an open position and a closed position, wherein the open position is characterized by an opening at a distal end that is larger than a width of the rack, and wherein the closed position is characterized by the inwardly facing surface substantially matching the width of the rack.

8. The clamp of claim 1, further comprising: one or more rack alignment tabs extending distally from a distal side of each arm, the rack alignment tabs configured to urge the rack into alignment with the clamp by contacting a side or corner of the rack.

9. The clamp of claim 8, wherein the rack alignment tabs comprise a pad on an inwardly facing surface of the rack alignment tabs.

10. The clamp of claim 1, wherein the electronic equipment is computer server equipment.

11. The clamp of claim 1, wherein the lift pad on each arm protrudes toward the opposing arm.

12. The clamp of claim 1, wherein the lift pad on each arm protrudes toward the frame, the frame further comprising a fixed lift pad near a bottom of the frame and configured to fit under a side of the rack, and wherein each arm has an adjustable mechanism such that the lift pad on each arm can be moved along at least a portion of a length of the respective arm of each lift pad.

13. The clamp of claim 12, wherein the adjustable mechanism on each arm comprises an electric actuator configured to move the lifting pad proximate the distal end of its arm further and closer relative to the fixed lifting pad of the frame.

14. A materials handling vehicle comprising: a vertically movable mast; a carriage connected to the vertically movable mast; and a clamp connected to the carriage, the clamp configured to lift and carry a rack containing electronic equipment, the clamp comprising: a frame connected to the vertically movable mast of the materials handling vehicle; and a pair of opposing parallel arms connected to the frame, each arm horizontally movable relative to the frame such that the arms can move inward toward each other and outward away from each other; each arm comprising: a lifting pad on the bottom of the arm and configured to fit under a rack on a side of the rack; and an inwardly facing surface configured to closely contact or be close to a side of the rack when the arms are in a closed position.

15. The materials handling vehicle of claim 14, wherein each arm further comprises a load stop along an edge of the arm distal from the frame, the load stop configured to prevent the rack from tilting away from the frame.

16. The materials handling vehicle of claim 14, wherein the carriage is configured to tilt, rotate, or twist.

17. The materials handling vehicle of claim 14, wherein the vehicle is one selected from the group consisting of a counterbalanced sit-down forklift and a mast tug.

18. The materials handling vehicle of claim 14, further comprising: a sensor positioned and configured to detect the presence of the rack.

19. The materials handling vehicle of claim 18, wherein the sensor is located on the mast, below the mast, on the carriage, or on the clamp.

20. The materials handling vehicle of claim 14, wherein the clamp is removable from the carriage.

21. The materials handling vehicle of claim 14, wherein the clamp is configured to carry a rack oriented such that a longer side of the rack is parallel to the frame and a shorter side of the rack is parallel to the arms.

22. The materials handling vehicle of claim 14, wherein the clamp is configured to carry a rack oriented such that a shorter side of the rack is parallel to the frame and a longer side of the rack is parallel to the arms.

23. A method of moving a rack containing electronic equipment within a data center using a materials handling vehicle, the materials handling vehicle comprising a mast and a clamp connected to the mast on one side of the materials handling vehicle, wherein the clamp comprises two opposing arms, the method comprising: driving the materials handling vehicle to a position such that the clamp faces the rack; opening the clamp to an open position, the open position characterized by the opposing arms of the clamp being separated by a distance that exceeds a width of the rack; ​ driving the materials handling vehicle so that the rack is within the opposing arms of the clamp; closing the clamp to a closed position so that the opposing arms of the clamp are in close or nearly close contact with opposite sides of the rack and positioning two lift pads under the rack; lifting the clamp and thus the rack therein; driving the materials handling vehicle to a desired location of the rack within the data center; lowering the clamp and thus the rack therein until the rack is on the ground; opening the clamp to the open position and moving the two lift pads away from under the rack; and driving the materials handling vehicle, without the rack, to move the clamp away from the rack.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the rack comprises new or refurbished electronic equipment, the initial location of the rack is a truck or staging area, and the desired location is an operational location in an interior of the data center.

25. The method of claim 23, wherein the rack, in its initial location, is on a pallet.

26. The method of claim 23, wherein the rack comprises used or damaged electronic equipment, the initial location of the rack is an operational location in an interior of the data center, and the desired location is a truck or staging area.

27. The method of claim 23, wherein each arm carries one of the two lift pads, and each lift pad has a variable position along its respective arm, the method further comprising: extending the positions of the lift pads away from the materials handling vehicle before closing the clamp to the closed position so that the lift pads extend beyond distal sides of the rack; and retracting the positions of the lift pads toward the materials handling vehicle after closing the clamp to the closed position and before lifting the clamp and thus the rack.

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