Steel wire conveyed multistage perforating device and method
By using a wire-conveyed multi-stage perforation device and method, and utilizing mechanical vibration pulse signals to transmit signals on the wire, the spatial limitations and ignition signal transmission problems of unmanned offshore platforms are solved, enabling low-cost and high-efficiency multi-stage perforation operations.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA NAT PETROLEUM CORP
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
The space on offshore unmanned platforms is limited, and existing cable perforation equipment cannot meet the weight and footprint requirements. Furthermore, the ignition signal from the ground system cannot be effectively transmitted to the well during wireline perforation.
The multi-stage perforation device is conveyed by wire and signals are transmitted through a wellhead communication module and a downhole communication module. Two-way communication is carried out on the wire using mechanical vibration pulse signals. Data exchange and operation control are carried out in conjunction with the surface control system and the downhole data processor.
It achieves effective transmission of ignition signals, meets the perforation operation requirements of unmanned offshore platforms, and realizes low-cost, efficient, and safe multi-stage perforation operations.
Smart Images
Figure CN121363371B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of drilling equipment technology, and relates to a wire-feed multi-stage perforation device and a wire-feed multi-stage perforation method. Background Technology
[0002] As offshore oil and gas field development continues to pursue cost control, the application of unmanned offshore platforms can effectively reduce the cost of offshore oil and gas extraction, provide a series of cost-effective and production-efficient solutions for offshore oil and gas resource development, and greatly reduce pollution emissions.
[0003] Unmanned offshore platforms typically employ steel structures with relatively simple superstructures, generally consisting of only one or two decks. The deck area is small, and the load-bearing capacity is limited. While cable perforation can be used for perforation operations on these platforms, the equipment is bulky and heavy, making it difficult to meet the space requirements of unmanned offshore platforms. In contrast, wireline perforation equipment is small in size and lightweight, perfectly meeting the perforation needs of unmanned offshore platforms.
[0004] Currently, wireline perforation primarily utilizes winches to lower downhole tools into the oil and gas wellbore. Operations such as deployment and retrieval of these tools are achieved through lifting, lowering, and impacting. It is commonly used for deploying tools such as wellbore pressure tests, corrosion detection, switching sleeves, and downhole chokes. However, due to the high resistance of the wire (100Ω / km), the perforation ignition signal from the surface system cannot be effectively transmitted to the downhole perforator, thus wireline perforation cannot be achieved using cable perforation. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-stage perforation device for wire conveying, which solves the communication problem between the ignition signal of the surface system and the underground penetration during wire conveying perforation.
[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for multi-stage perforation of steel wire.
[0007] The first technical solution adopted in this invention is a wire-conveying multi-stage perforation device, including a wire, a wellhead communication module, and a ground control system;
[0008] One end of the steel wire is fixed to the winch, and the other end is connected to the working pipe string via the ground pulley and the top pulley; the ground control system and ground antenna are placed inside the winch; one end of the wellhead communication module is connected to the ground pulley, and the other end is connected to the rope fixed at the wellhead; a wireline blowout preventer is connected above the wellhead, a blowout preventer pipe is connected above the wireline blowout preventer, and the blowout preventer pipe is connected to the top pulley above the top pulley;
[0009] The wellhead communication module's wellhead antenna and the ground control system's ground antenna achieve bidirectional communication and data exchange via radio frequency signals; the wellhead communication module is used to generate wellhead vibration pulse signals; the downhole communication module is used to generate downhole vibration pulse signals; the wellhead vibration pulse signals and the downhole vibration pulse signals are transmitted via steel wire.
[0010] The invention is further characterized in that,
[0011] The wellhead communication module consists of a wellhead antenna, a wellhead pulse generator, a wellhead data processor, a wellhead pulse detector, and a wellhead communication module power supply. The wellhead pulse generator is connected to the ground pulley. The wellhead data processor receives pulse command data from the ground control system, and the wellhead pulse generator generates wellhead vibration pulse signals through mechanical vibration according to the pulse command data.
[0012] The downhole communication module consists of a downhole pulse generator, a downhole data processor, a downhole pulse detector, and a power supply for the downhole communication module. The downhole pulse detector uses an accelerometer to detect wellhead vibration pulse signals. The downhole data processor decodes the detected wellhead vibration pulse signals into command data, which can realize a series of operation procedures such as initialization, execution, modification, and cessation of the work string.
[0013] The working string includes a data acquisition unit that collects environmental data such as temperature, pressure, and depth during the operation, and records confirmation of wellhead vibration pulse signal reception and operation execution data. The downhole data processor encodes the aforementioned environmental and operational data into pulse feedback data. The downhole pulse generator generates downhole vibration pulse signals through mechanical vibration according to the pulse feedback data, which are transmitted to the wellhead communication module via a steel wire. The wellhead pulse detector in the wellhead communication module uses an accelerometer to detect the downhole vibration pulse signals. The wellhead data processor converts the detected downhole vibration pulse signals into wellhead pulse data, which is transmitted via the wellhead antenna to the ground antenna of the surface control system. The surface control system receives and reads the data, and then decodes it. Based on the decoded data, the operator can understand the downhole operating environment, the status of the working string, and the downhole condition.
[0014] The second technical solution adopted in this invention is a wire-feed multi-stage perforation method. After the working tubing string is transported to the perforation position, the ignition command is input to the surface control system and encoded into pulse command data. The pulse command data is transmitted to the wellhead data processor to generate a wellhead vibration pulse signal. The wellhead vibration pulse signal is then transmitted to the downhole data processor for ignition. Temperature, pressure, and depth environmental data during the operation are collected. At the same time, the confirmation of the wellhead vibration pulse signal reception and the execution data are recorded. The above environmental data and operation data are encoded into wellhead pulse data and transmitted to the wellhead communication module. The wellhead pulse detector converts the detected downhole vibration pulse signal into downhole pulse data. The wellhead pulse data is decoded, and the downhole operating environment, working tubing string status, and downhole condition are understood based on the decoded wellhead pulse data. Finally, the other perforators are ignited and perforated according to the above steps.
[0015] The second technical solution of the present invention is further characterized in that,
[0016] The specific operating steps of the multi-stage perforation method using wire conveyor are as follows:
[0017] Step 1: After delivering the working tubing string to the perforation position, adjust the position of the working tubing string, and the operator inputs the ignition command to the ground control system;
[0018] Step 2: The ground control system encodes the ignition command input by the operator into pulse command data;
[0019] Step 3: The pulse command data is transmitted from the ground antenna to the wellhead antenna;
[0020] Step 4: The wellhead antenna transmits the pulse command data to the wellhead data processor of the wellhead communication module;
[0021] Step 5: The wellhead pulse generator of the wellhead communication module generates a wellhead vibration pulse signal through mechanical vibration according to the pulse command data received by the wellhead data processor.
[0022] Step 6: The wellhead vibration pulse signal is transmitted to the downhole communication module via a steel wire;
[0023] Step 7: The downhole pulse detector of the downhole communication module transmits the detected wellhead vibration pulse signal to the downhole data processor;
[0024] Step 8: The downhole data processor decodes the wellhead vibration pulse signal into an ignition command;
[0025] Step 9: The downhole communication module transmits the ignition command to the ignition sub-section in the work string;
[0026] Step 10: The ignition short section outputs current to the first perforator, and the first perforator completes the ignition and perforation process.
[0027] Step 11: The data acquisition instrument in the working string collects environmental data such as temperature, pressure, and depth during the operation, and records the confirmation of the wellhead vibration pulse signal reception and the execution data of the operation.
[0028] Step 12: The downhole data processor encodes the above environmental and operational data into wellhead pulse data;
[0029] Step 13: The downhole pulse generator generates downhole vibration pulse signals through mechanical vibration based on the wellhead pulse data, and transmits them to the wellhead communication module via steel wire.
[0030] Step 14: The wellhead pulse detector of the wellhead communication module transmits the detected downhole vibration pulse signal to the wellhead data processor;
[0031] Step 15: The wellhead data processor converts the downhole vibration pulse signal into downhole pulse data, which is then transmitted to the ground antenna of the ground control system via the wellhead antenna and received and read by the ground control system.
[0032] Step 16: The ground control system decodes the read wellhead pulse data. Based on the decoded wellhead pulse data, the operator can understand the downhole working environment, the status of the working tubing, and other downhole conditions.
[0033] Step 17: Repeat steps 2-16 to complete the firing and perforation of the second and third perforators in sequence.
[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention are:
[0035] This invention utilizes the characteristic of steel wire to effectively transmit mechanical vibrations. It encodes the ignition command into pulse command data, converts it into vibration pulse signals, and then transmits them through the steel wire. This effectively realizes the transmission of the perforation ignition signal. At the same time, the steel wire operation equipment is small in size and light in weight, meeting the needs of offshore perforation operations.
[0036] The present invention provides a multi-stage perforation method using wire conveying, enabling low-cost, efficient, and safe completion of perforation operations on unmanned offshore platforms.
[0037] This invention enables multi-stage perforation via wire feeding. After the working tubing is delivered to the designated location, the ignition command issued by the ground system is converted into a vibration pulse signal, which is transmitted to the downhole working tubing via the wire feeding to complete the multi-stage perforation operation. Attached Figure Description
[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage perforation device for steel wire conveying according to the present invention;
[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the wellhead communication module of the present invention;
[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the downhole communication module of the present invention.
[0041] Among them: 100, wire rope; 200, wellhead; 300, winch; 310, ground control system; 311, ground antenna; 312, pulse command data; 400, wire rope blowout preventer; 500, blowout preventer pipe; 600, top pulley; 700, ground pulley; 800, wellhead communication module; 810, wellhead antenna; 811, wellhead pulse data; 820, wellhead pulse generator; 830, wellhead data processor; 840, wellhead pulse detector. ; 850, Wellhead Communication Module Power Supply; 860, Wellhead Vibration Pulse Signal; 900, Working Pipe String; 910, Downhole Communication Module; 911, Downhole Pulse Generator; 912, Downhole Data Processor; 913, Downhole Pulse Detector; 914, Downhole Communication Module Power Supply; 915, Downhole Vibration Pulse Signal; 920, Data Acquisition Instrument; 930, Ignition Sub; 941, Perforator 1; 942, Perforator 2; 943, Perforator 3. Detailed Implementation
[0042] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0043] Example 1
[0044] This invention relates to a multi-stage perforation device for steel wire conveying, with reference to... Figure 1 It includes a steel wire 100, a wellhead communication module 800, and a ground control system 310;
[0045] One end of the steel wire 100 is fixed to the winch 300, and the other end is connected to the working pipe string 900 via the top pulley 600 and the ground pulley 700. The ground control system 310 and the ground antenna 311 are placed inside the winch 300. One end of the wellhead communication module 800 is connected to the ground pulley 700, and the other end is connected to the rope fixed to the wellhead 200. A wireline blowout preventer 400 is connected above the wellhead 200, a blowout preventer pipe 500 is connected above the wireline blowout preventer 400, and a top pulley 600 is connected above the blowout preventer pipe 500.
[0046] Reference Figure 1 The wellhead antenna 810 of the wellhead communication module 800 and the ground antenna 311 of the ground control system 310 achieve bidirectional communication and data exchange via radio frequency signals. The wellhead communication module 800 generates a wellhead vibration pulse signal 860; the downhole communication module 910 generates a downhole vibration pulse signal 915; the wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 and the downhole vibration pulse signal 915 are transmitted via a steel wire.
[0047] Reference Figure 1The ground control system 310 encodes the operator's input commands into pulse command data 312. The pulse command data 312 is transmitted to the wellhead antenna 810 via the ground antenna 311, and is received and read by the wellhead data processor 830 of the wellhead communication module 800. The wellhead pulse generator 820 of the wellhead communication module 800 generates a wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 through mechanical vibration according to the pulse command data 312, and transmits it to the downhole communication module 910 via the steel wire 100.
[0048] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 The wellhead communication module 800 consists of a wellhead antenna 810, a wellhead pulse generator 820, a wellhead data processor 830, a wellhead pulse detector 840, and a wellhead communication module power supply 850. The wellhead data processor 830 receives pulse command data 312 from the surface control system 310. The wellhead pulse generator 820 generates wellhead vibration pulse signals 860 through mechanical vibration according to the pulse command data 312. That is, the wellhead pulse generator 820 converts the pulse command data 312 into vibration parameters such as the intensity, frequency, and duration of mechanical vibration. The steel wire 100 can transmit the vibration parameters such as the intensity, frequency, and duration of mechanical vibration from the wellhead communication module 800 to the downhole communication module 910, establishing communication between the surface control system 310 and the downhole working string 900.
[0049] Example 2
[0050] Based on Example 1,
[0051] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3The downhole communication module 910 consists of a downhole pulse generator 911, a downhole data processor 912, a downhole pulse detector 913, and a downhole communication module power supply 914. The downhole pulse detector 913 uses an accelerometer to detect the wellhead vibration pulse signal 860. The downhole data processor 912 decodes the detected wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 into command data, which can realize a series of operational procedures such as initialization, execution, modification, and stopping of the work string. The data acquisition instrument 920 in the work string 900 can collect environmental data such as temperature, pressure, and depth during the operation, and can also record operational data such as confirmation and execution of the wellhead vibration pulse signal 860. The downhole data processor 912 encodes the above environmental and operational data into pulse feedback data. The downhole pulse generator 911 generates a downhole vibration pulse signal 915 through mechanical vibration according to the pulse feedback data, which is transmitted to the wellhead communication module 800 via a steel wire 100. The wellhead pulse detector 840 of the wellhead communication module 800 uses an accelerometer to detect downhole vibration pulse signals 915. The wellhead data processor 830 converts the detected downhole vibration pulse signals 915 into wellhead pulse data 811, which is then transmitted via the wellhead antenna 810 to the ground antenna 311 of the ground control system 310. The ground control system 310 receives and reads the data. The ground control system 310 decodes the data, and the operator can understand the downhole working environment, the status of the working tubing, and other downhole conditions based on the decoded data.
[0052] Example 3
[0053] This invention relates to a wire-fed multi-stage perforation method. After the working tubing string is transported to the perforation position, an ignition command is input to the surface control system and encoded into pulse command data. The pulse command data is transmitted to the wellhead data processor to generate a wellhead vibration pulse signal. The wellhead vibration pulse signal is then transmitted to the downhole data processor for ignition. Temperature, pressure, and depth environmental data during the operation are collected. Simultaneously, confirmation of wellhead vibration pulse signal reception and execution data are recorded. The aforementioned environmental and operational data are encoded into wellhead pulse data and transmitted to the wellhead communication module. The wellhead pulse detector converts the detected downhole vibration pulse signal into downhole pulse data. The wellhead pulse data is decoded, and the downhole operating environment, working tubing string status, and downhole condition are understood based on the decoded wellhead pulse data. Finally, the above steps are followed to complete the ignition and perforation of other perforators.
[0054] Example 4
[0055] The specific operation steps of the multi-stage perforation method for steel wire conveying of the present invention are as follows:
[0056] Step 1: After conveying the working tube string 900 to the perforation position.
[0057] Step 2: Adjust the position of the working pipe string 900, and the operator inputs the ignition command into the ground control system 310.
[0058] Step 3: The ground control system 310 encodes the ignition command input by the operator into pulse command data 312.
[0059] Step 4: Pulse command data 312 is transmitted to wellhead antenna 810 via ground antenna 311.
[0060] Step 5: The wellhead antenna 810 transmits the pulse command data 312 to the wellhead data processor 830 of the wellhead communication module 800.
[0061] Step 6: The wellhead pulse generator 820 of the wellhead communication module 800 generates a wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 by mechanical vibration according to the pulse command data 312 received by the wellhead data processor 830.
[0062] Step 7: The wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 is transmitted to the downhole communication module 910 via the steel wire 100.
[0063] Step 8: The downhole pulse detector 913 of the downhole communication module 910 transmits the detected wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 to the downhole data processor 912.
[0064] Step 9: The downhole data processor 912 decodes the wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 into an ignition command.
[0065] Step 10: The downhole communication module 910 transmits the ignition command to the ignition sub-section 930 in the working string 900.
[0066] Step 11: The ignition short section 930 outputs current to the perforator 941, and the perforator 941 completes the ignition and perforation.
[0067] Step 12: The data acquisition instrument 920 in the working string 900 collects environmental data such as temperature, pressure, and depth during the operation, and records operation data such as confirmation of wellhead vibration pulse signal 860 reception and execution.
[0068] Step 13: The downhole data processor 912 encodes the above environmental data and operational data into wellhead pulse data 811.
[0069] Step 14: The downhole pulse generator 911 generates a downhole vibration pulse signal 915 through mechanical vibration according to the wellhead pulse data 811, and transmits it to the wellhead communication module 800 through the steel wire 100.
[0070] Step 15: The wellhead pulse detector 840 of the wellhead communication module 800 transmits the detected downhole vibration pulse signal 915 to the wellhead data processor 830.
[0071] Step 16: The wellhead data processor 830 converts the downhole vibration pulse signal 915 into wellhead pulse data 811, which is then transmitted to the ground antenna 311 of the ground control system 310 via the wellhead antenna 810 and received and read by the ground control system 310.
[0072] Step 17: The ground control system 310 decodes the read wellhead pulse data 811. The operator can understand the downhole working environment, working string status and other downhole conditions based on the decoded wellhead pulse data 811.
[0073] Step 18: Repeat steps 2-17 to complete the ignition and perforation of perforator 2 942 and perforator 3 943 in sequence (this application describes the invention method using three perforators as an example, but it can be used for multi-stage ignition and perforation of any perforator).
Claims
1. A multi-stage perforation device for steel wire conveying, characterized in that, Includes a steel wire (100), a wellhead communication module (800), and a ground control system (310); One end of the steel wire (100) is fixed to the winch (300), and the other end is connected to the working pipe string (900) via the ground pulley (700) and the top pulley (600); the ground control system (310) and the ground antenna (311) are placed inside the winch (300); one end of the wellhead communication module (800) is connected to the ground pulley (700), and the other end is connected to the rope fixed at the wellhead (200); a wire blowout preventer (400) is connected above the wellhead (200), a blowout preventer pipe (500) is connected above the wire blowout preventer (400), and the blowout preventer pipe (500) is connected to the top pulley (600) above the blowout preventer (500); The wellhead communication module (800) consists of a wellhead antenna (810), a wellhead pulse generator (820), a wellhead data processor (830), a wellhead pulse detector (840), and a wellhead communication module power supply (850). The wellhead antenna (810) of the wellhead communication module (800) and the ground antenna (311) of the ground control system (310) achieve bidirectional communication and data exchange through radio frequency signals. The wellhead pulse generator (820) is connected to the ground pulley (700). The wellhead data processor (830) receives pulse command data (312) from the ground control system (310). The wellhead pulse generator (820) generates a wellhead vibration pulse signal (860) through mechanical vibration according to the pulse command data (312), and transmits it to the downhole communication module (910) through a steel wire. The downhole communication module (910) consists of a downhole pulse generator (911), a downhole data processor (912), a downhole pulse detector (913), and a downhole communication module power supply (914). The downhole pulse detector (913) uses an accelerometer to detect wellhead vibration pulse signals (860). The downhole data processor (912) decodes the detected wellhead vibration pulse signals (860) into command data. The command data can realize a series of operation procedures such as initialization, execution, modification, and cessation of the work string. The working string (900) includes a data acquisition unit (920), which can acquire environmental data such as temperature, pressure, and depth during the operation, and can also record confirmation of the wellhead vibration pulse signal (860) and execution data. The downhole data processor (912) encodes the above-mentioned environmental data and operation data into pulse feedback data. The downhole pulse generator (911) generates downhole vibration pulse signals (915) through mechanical vibration according to the pulse feedback data, and transmits them to the wellhead communication module (800) through a steel wire (100). The wellhead pulse detector (840) of the wellhead communication module (800) uses an accelerometer to detect downhole vibration pulse signals (915). The wellhead data processor (830) converts the detected downhole vibration pulse signals (915) into wellhead pulse data (811), which is transmitted to the ground antenna (311) of the ground control system (310) via the wellhead antenna (810). The ground control system (310) then receives and reads the data. The ground control system (310) decodes the data, and the operator can understand the downhole working environment and the status of the working pipe string based on the decoded data.
2. The method for multi-stage perforation using the wire-feeding multi-stage perforation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After the working tubing string is delivered to the perforation location, the ignition command is input to the surface control system and encoded into pulse command data. The pulse command data is transmitted to the wellhead data processor to generate a wellhead vibration pulse signal. The wellhead vibration pulse signal is then transmitted to the downhole data processor for ignition. Temperature, pressure, and depth environmental data during the operation are collected. At the same time, confirmation of wellhead vibration pulse signal reception and operation execution data are recorded. The above environmental data and operation data are encoded into wellhead pulse data and transmitted to the wellhead communication module. The wellhead pulse detector converts the detected downhole vibration pulse signal into downhole pulse data. The wellhead pulse data is decoded, and the downhole operating environment and working tubing string status are understood based on the decoded wellhead pulse data. Finally, the above steps are followed to complete the ignition and perforation of other perforators.
3. The multi-stage perforation method for steel wire conveying according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: After delivering the working tubing string to the perforation position, adjust the position of the working tubing string, and the operator inputs the ignition command to the ground control system; Step 2: The ground control system encodes the ignition command input by the operator into pulse command data; Step 3: The pulse command data is transmitted from the ground antenna to the wellhead antenna; Step 4: The wellhead antenna transmits the pulse command data to the wellhead data processor of the wellhead communication module; Step 5: The wellhead pulse generator of the wellhead communication module generates a wellhead vibration pulse signal through mechanical vibration according to the pulse command data received by the wellhead data processor. Step 6: The wellhead vibration pulse signal is transmitted to the downhole communication module via a steel wire; Step 7: The downhole pulse detector of the downhole communication module transmits the detected wellhead vibration pulse signal to the downhole data processor; Step 8: The downhole data processor decodes the wellhead vibration pulse signal into an ignition command; Step 9: The downhole communication module transmits the ignition command to the ignition sub-section in the work string; Step 10: The ignition short section outputs current to the first perforator, and the first perforator completes the ignition and perforation process. Step 11: The data acquisition instrument in the working string collects environmental data such as temperature, pressure, and depth during the operation, and records the confirmation of the wellhead vibration pulse signal reception and the execution data of the operation. Step 12: The downhole data processor encodes the above environmental and operational data into wellhead pulse data; Step 13: The downhole pulse generator generates downhole vibration pulse signals through mechanical vibration based on the wellhead pulse data, and transmits them to the wellhead communication module via steel wire. Step 14: The wellhead pulse detector of the wellhead communication module transmits the detected downhole vibration pulse signal to the wellhead data processor; Step 15: The wellhead data processor converts the downhole vibration pulse signal into downhole pulse data, which is then transmitted to the ground antenna of the ground control system via the wellhead antenna and received and read by the ground control system. Step 16: The ground control system decodes the read wellhead pulse data, and the operator can understand the downhole working environment and the status of the working tubing based on the decoded wellhead pulse data; Step 17: Repeat steps 2-16 to complete the firing and perforation of the second and third perforators in sequence.